TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Apparatus: The apparatus further comprises a layer of transparent conducting oxide or a layer of transparent electrically conducting polymer material in electrical contact with the array of wires and/or the layer of transparent electrically conducting polymer material. It also comprises a short proofing material disposed between the array of wires and the underlying layer. It comprises an adhesive disposed between the array of wires and the underlying layer. It comprises a thin layer of metal or alloy in disposed between the transparent conducting electrode and the active layer (201). It comprises a short proofing material disposed between the wires and the layer of optoelectronic material. It also comprises an active layer including first and second semiconducting materials with different electron affinities, where the first and second materials have complementary charge transfer properties. Preferred Dimension: The array of electrically conductive wires includes wires having diameters of less than 200, preferably less than 50 microns. The thin layer of metal or alloy is less than 15 nm thick. The adjacent wires in the array are parallel to each other and spaced apart by a distance of less than 5 cm, preferably less 1 mm. A ratio of open area not covered by the wires in the array compared to an area covered by the wires in the array is greater than 80, preferably greater than 95% such that an open area ratio of the mesh is greater than about 80%. The first and second semiconducting materials are arrayed. The presence of the first and second semiconducting materials alternates within distances of 5-100 nm. Preferred Component: The first and second semiconducting materials are arrayed using nanostructures from filled pores, nanolamellas, or matrixed nanostructures.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The layer of transparent electrically conducting polymer material is disposed between an underlying layer and the array of electrically conductive wires. It can be conductive polythiophenes, conductive polyanilines, conductive polypyrroles, PSS (sic)-doped PEDOT (sic) (e.g. Baytron, a derivative of PEDOT, a derivative of polyaniline or a derivative of polypyrrole.