TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preparation: Formation of (D1) involves:(1) process A: i) synthesizing photovoltaic block copolymer samples (S1), ii) dissolving (S1) in a solvent, iii) filtering the copolymer-solvent mixture followed by forming a film on a prepared surface; and iv) removing the solvent; or(2) process B: immersing a portion of a piece of conducting glass (G1) in a concentrated sulfuric acid cleaning solution, cleaning the entire piece of (G1), synthesizing photovoltaic block copolymer (C2) from conjugated donor chain, conjugated acceptor chain and (C1), spin coating the piece of (G1) with (C2) to form a film having thickness of 100 nm, and vacuum depositing an electrode material on top of the film, where electrode material has thickness 100 nm to form (E1) and (E2).Preparation of (C2) involves:(a) individually synthesizing conjugated donor chains (D2), conjugated acceptor chains (A1) and (C1)(b) combining the (C1) with (A1) or (D2) to form several bridge-donor-bridge units (U1) or bridge-acceptor-bridge units (U2) respectively; and(c) combining (U1) or (U2) with (A1) or (D1) respectively.The solvent in process (A) is easily dried or removed by heating and/or vacuum exposure. The filter has pore size of 0.2 micron. The film in process A is formed by spin coating or drop drying and the surface is precleaned (G1). Process (A) further involves heating the device and applying magnetic, electrical and optical force to the device subsequent to step (iv). Process (B) further involves formation of at least one film of at least one carrier collection enhancing material (e.g. lithium fluoride and poly(ethylene dioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonic acid) between (C2) film and electrodes; formation of a film synthesized from donor chain between (E1) and (C2) film; and forming a film synthesized from acceptor chain between (E2) and (C2) film.Preferred Device: Several (B1) and (B2) are alternatively joined by several (C1) to form columns. (D1) Further comprises positive electrode (E1) and negative electrode (E2) placed at the end of columns opposite to each other; and a thin donor layer between (E1) and columns, and thin acceptor layer between (E2) and columns.Preferred Components: (B1) Has a higher highest occupied molecular orbital (M1) and a higher lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (M2) than the (B2). (C1) Has (M1) which is lower than (M1) of (B1) and (B2) and (M2) higher than (M2) of (B1) and (B2). (C1) Is able to bend 180 degrees.