TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The depositing step comprises depositing the ink composition using a direct-write tool or an ink-jet device. The heating step comprises heating the ink composition to not more than 150degreesC. The method for manufacturing an electrode comprises drying the first material layer after the first material deposition step and before deposition of the second ink composition. The second material composition is deposited before drying of the first material layer on the substrate. The method further comprises attaching a fluid distribution layer over the first material layer by direct-write deposition. The first and second electrocatalyst layers are deposited in the form of a pattern. The ink composition is reacted with a form of UV radiation to convert the active species phase precursor to an active species phase and form an electrocatalyst layer.Preferred Material: The substrate is an ion exchange membrane, a proton exchange membrane, a gas diffusion layer, or a fluid distribution substrate. The molecular precursor is a volatile molecular precursor. The fluid distribution layer is a liquid distribution layer or a gas distribution layer.Preferred Component: The ink composition comprises a molecular precursor the nitrates, carboxylates, beta-diketonates and compounds containing metal-carbon bonds. The particulate support phase comprises carbon particles or metal oxide. The first ink composition comprises first electrocatalyst particles and the second ink composition comprises second electrocatalyst particles, the second electrocatalyst particles having an average particle size that is different than the first electrocatalyst particles. The first ink composition further comprises an electrically conductive material, preferably carbon. The transfer substrate comprises a release coating. The first and second ink compositions comprise electrocatalyst particles.Preferred Composition: The ink composition comprises 0.1-5 wt.% particulate carbon.Preferred Parameter: The ink composition has a viscosity of not more than 100 (preferably not more than 50) cPs, and a surface tension of not more than 30 dynes/cm. The first electrocatalyst particles have an average aggregate particle size of at least 1 micronsm and the second electrocatalyst particles have an average aggregate particle size of not more than 10 micronsm. The first electrocatalyst particles have a higher active species phase loading than the second electrocatalyst particles. The first and second electrocatalyst layers have a combined thickness of not more than 200 micronsm. The ion exchange membrane has a thickness of not more than 200 micronsm. The first and second electrocatalyst layers have a thickness of 1-30 micronsm.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Component: The active species phase comprises platinum metal. The ink comprises a divalent platinum(II) complex.Preferred Material: The nanoparticles are platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, cobalt, nickel or palladium nanoparticles.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The ink composition further comprises a reducing agent from hydrogen, alcohols, aldehydes and hydrazine. Preferred Material: The hydrophobic material is a fluorinated hydrocarbon.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The ink composition further comprises a proton conducting polymer, and a hydrophobic polymer.