NOVELTY - A syngas is desulfurized by contacting sulfur containing syngas at 300-800degreesC with sorbent containing metallic iron to form sulfur containing iron compound and gas free from sulfur and sulfur compounds.    USE - Used in the desulfurization of syngas.    ADVANTAGE - The invention requires no cooling of syngas generated by pyrolysis or gasification of the organic material before desulfurization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing high degree of sorption, with best results at 500 and 600degreesC.
NOVELTY - A sensor determines internal condition of the fluid in a channel (300). A piezoelectric or capacitive actuator changes the cross-sectional area of the channel based on the sensed condition of the fluid for controlling the pressure and flow of the fluid.    USE - Transporting fluid during hydrogen production and electric power generation in integrated fuel cell used in portable electronic device such as handheld computer, laptop and wireless telephone used in consumer, business and military applications.    ADVANTAGE - Performs precise control of fluid or gas flow. Eliminates the need for additional pump and additional heating equipment so reducing size and cost of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) atomizer;    (2) reactor;    (3) integrated fuel processing apparatus;    (4) fuel processing method;    (5) fluid flow control method; and    (6) method of controlling reverse flow of fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the integrated fuel cell.    Fuel (200)    Channel (300)    Mixing chamber (400)    Reactor (600)    Hydrogen separator (700)    Fuel cell (800)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon fuel source and oxygen source are connected to the solid oxide regenerative fuel cell oxidizer inlet. The solid oxide fuel cell generates and provides a hydrocarbon fuel to the hydrocarbon fuel source in electrolysis mode.    USE - For generating power use in generated oxygen, hydrocarbon fuel and power in various closed environments without breaching the closed environment. Also used for vehicle, underwater vehicles (claimed) e.g. ship.    ADVANTAGE - Consumes accumulated carbon dioxide, and reduces its required storage volume. Easily converts hydrogen and carbon monoxide into useful storage hydrocarbon fuel, and enhances the overall efficiency of the power generation. Consumes less heat to generate hydrocarbon fuel. Generates power in fuel cell mode, when the primary power generator is OFF. Provides continuous power to a remote location that may lack access to a power grid or be readily accessible for delivery of fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) underwater vehicle;    (2) terrestrial power and oxygen generation system;    (3) method for generating power and oxygen; and    (4) terrestrial solid oxide regenerative fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the system of the solid oxide fuel cells components operating in the fuel cell mode.    SORFC (20)    power generation system (50)    hydrogen recovery unit (51)    heat exchanger (54)    conduit (61)
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate (10) is produced by providing a semi-conductive or conductive substrate having first and second faces (14, 16); and etching flow channel (36, 38) from respective faces.    USE - The method is for producing bipolar plate for fuel cell stack (claimed), which functions as battery.    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plates or end plates intricate features with close tolerances such as narrow flow channels and conduits with complex flow paths, integral resistive heating elements, internal catalytic reforming capability, waste fuel catalytic combuster, integral heat exchanging structure, flat and undistorted contact faces, integral sensors, and internal recuperative heat exchanging capacity. When used in fuel cell stack, it monitors and relays information including temperature, pressure, flow rate, chemical composition, or voltage; reforms fuel fluids within the flow channels or conduits, pre-heats the fuel cells via heating fluids, pre-heats the fuel cell stack via resistive heating elements, and cools the fuel cells via cooling fluids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a fuel cell stack by providing fuel cells; providing bipolar plates; assembling the fuel cells and bipolar plates alternately to form a stack; providing end plates; and completing the stack with the end plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of simple bipolar plate.    Bipolar plate (10)    Face (14, 16)    Flow channel (36, 38)
NOVELTY - A fermentation apparatus of food waste or domestic animal excretions is provided, to allow food waste or domestic animal excretions to be treated automatically and to improve a treating efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermentation apparatus comprises a fermentation bath whose upper side is open and comprises a plurality of draining holes(6) which are punched on the lower wall of a fermentation bath, a leachate filtration layer(7) which is a natural zeolite carrier layered on the lower wall with a certain thickness, and a porous plate(8) having a plurality of holes which is placed on the leachate filtration layer(7); a food waste injection means; an air supply pipe(10, 12); and a treated food waste exhausting means(15) formed at both upper sides of the fermentation bath.
NOVELTY - A continuous carbonization apparatus has spiral feeder blades (7-9) installed in the internal peripheral surface of a rotating cylinder. The blades are installed between specific positions (11, 12). The raw material is supplied at one of the positions (11), and the temperature of raw material is raised to 200degreesC at the other position (12). The raw material is supplied from one end of the apparatus, and carbonized material is ejected from the other end.    USE - Used as a continuous carbonization apparatus, e.g. a rotary kiln, used for carbonizing raw materials such as scrap wood, waste plastic, timber and municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The continuous carbonization apparatus effectively prevents the spillage of raw material from the entrance side of a rotating cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the internal structure of a continuous carbonization apparatus.    Rotating cylinder (1)    Spiral feeder blades (7-9)    Refractories (10)    Raw material fall position (11)    Position at which raw material is maintained at 200degreesC (12)
NOVELTY - An exhaust blower (25) connected to a dry distillation furnace (13) is operated at a high speed for a preset time, after opening the lids (28, 29) of a carbonization furnace (12) and the lids (31, 32) of a transfer pipe (27) connecting the furnaces, during cleaning mode, so that the air flow rate inside the pipe reaches a preset value.    USE - Used for operating a carbonization installation used for performing carbonization of waste materials such as paper, plastics, weeds, sludge, plants and timber.    ADVANTAGE - The material adhering to the inner face of the transfer pipe and the inner face of the path connecting the furnace and the blower is removed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the carbonization installation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Furnace (12, 13)    Blower (25)    Pipe (27)    Lids (28, 29, 31, 32)
NOVELTY - A supply unit which supplies super-heated steam of 250-400degreesC is provided between the edge (20) of an organic waste insertion opening (2) of a carbonization tank (4) and a lid (3) which closes the insertion opening. The carbonization tank carbonizes the organic waste using high temperature steam.    USE - Used for carbonization processing of organic refuse and construction waste material using high temperature steam.    ADVANTAGE - Since the super-heated steam supply unit is provided between the edge of organic waste insertion opening and the lid, tar generated by thermal decomposition of the organic waste is gasified and blown away by supplying super-heated steam. Thus permeation and adherence of tar in the gap of the insertion opening and the lid is prevented. The lid is easily and conveniently opened after each process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Organic waste (1)    Insertion opening (2)    Lid (3)    Carbonization tank (4)    Edge of the insertion opening (20)    Steam generator (5)
NOVELTY - The catalytic-reaction apparatus has catalytic-reaction layers (2a,3a), which perform exothermic reaction and coolant layers (2b,3b) connected via vapor circulation unit (21). Reaction temperature of layer (3a) is less than layer (2a). Vapor circulated in layers (2b,3b) is gaseous phase dry vapor, and gaseous and liquid phase wet vapor, respectively. Layers (2a,2b) and layers (3a,3b) are heat exchangeable.    USE - For fuel modification.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic-reaction apparatus has high reaction efficiency, and enables reduction of carbon monoxide at high efficiency. Cooling by absorption of heat in catalytic-reaction layer accompanying vaporization of coolant is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of carbon monoxide reduction apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon monoxide reduction apparatus (1)    High temperature shift-reaction device (2)    Low temperature shift-reaction device (3)    Catalytic-reaction layers (2a,3a)    Coolant layers (2b,3b)    Vapor circulation unit (21)
NOVELTY - The organic-waste processing apparatus has solid-liquid separation unit for separating organic waste crushed by disposer to solid content and liquid, solid content recovering unit, coagulant addition unit for adding coagulant to crushed waste, mingling bath for mixing crushed waste and coagulant, and aggregation control unit for controlling coagulant addition unit and/or mingling bath according to inflow of crushed waste into bath.    USE - For processing organic waste such as garbage of home and office.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste processing apparatus has favorable recycling efficiency of organic resource, with suppressed consumption of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method to operate the organic-waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing of organic waste by the organic-waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Organic matter is decomposed by the action of high temperature-resistant anaerobic microbe in high temperature anaerobic environment and the methanation ability of the bacteria is suppressed. The gaseous decomposition product produced from the organic matter is recovered. Thus, organic matter is processed.    USE - For processing organic matter and producing gaseous decomposition product used as anode gas for fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The processing method enables to recover useful substance efficiently from the organic matter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) anode gas for fuel cell; and    (2) organic matter processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the organic acid decomposition system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pyrolysis tank (1)    organic acid recovery tank (2)    gas recovery tank (3)    fuel cell (4)
NOVELTY - The viscosity of surplus sludge is reduced. The amount of gas production is increased by adding a hydrolase, and the generated sludge is volume-reduced.    USE - For anaerobically digesting sludge generated by biological treatment of organic wastewater, such as industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The anaerobic treatment method shortens decomposition process by promoting low molecule formation of organic solid substance and soluble decomposition-resistant organic matter. The generation of methane gas is promoted, and anaerobic digestion is quickened. The bacteria cell wall is crushed artificially.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of water-treatment plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    last sedimentation basin (1)    acid heat-processing tank (2)    stirrer (3)    pH adjustment tank (4)    enzyme treated tank (5)
NOVELTY - A liquid containing soluble organic matter is processed by microorganisms having light-emission ability.    USE - For processing liquid containing soluble organic matter, e.g. factory wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method economically and efficiently restrains generation of surplus sludge, and provides decompose-treated liquid which can be discharged to rivers. Extraction of surplus sludge is eliminated. Since the sludge concentration in treatment tank can be maintained low, oxygen supply efficiency is increased. The sludge washing efficiency of film surface is increased. Since the viscosity of liquid is reduced, the microbial-cells miscibility in tank increases. Monitoring of wastewater is eased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline flowchart of processing apparatus of liquid containing soluble organic matter.    treatment tank (1)    diffuser (2)    membrane separator (3)    suction pump (4)    oxidation-decomposition apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - The thermoplastic heat deformation material (15) with an opening, that is provided at specified position at fuel supply pipe (35) that supplies fuel from fuel container (7) to reformer (20), is deformed by occluding the opening for forbidding fuel supply to reformer, when temperature of reformer is more than preset valve.    USE - For electric power generation module.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of fuel to reformer is prevented based on temperature of reformer, without performing electric control. Hence damage of the reformer is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the electric power generation module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel supply module (2)    fuel container (7)    thermoplastic heat deformation material (15)    reformer (20)    fuel supply pipe (35)
NOVELTY - A mixing tube (9) is arranged between a fuel supply nozzle (4) and a combustion catalyst (3). A flame detector (6) to perform combustion of unburned gaseous mixture which exists on a downstream of a flame holder (10) and an alarm (7) for warning when a flame is undetectable. A combustion tube (22) is provided with a nozzle (21) for supply of fuel electrode off gas for combustion.    USE - For burning liquid fuel for external heating modifiers in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces nitrogen oxide emission. Enables to perform combustion stably. Improves efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the catalyst combustion-type burner.    combustion catalyst (3)    fuel supply nozzle (4)    flame detector (6)    alarm (7)    mixing tube (9)    flame holder (10)    nozzle (21)    combustion tube (22)
NOVELTY - Several catalyst particles (7,8) are distributed in the respective primary and secondary catalyst portions (1,2) partitioned by a metal-oxide carrier particle (4). The catalyst particles in the portion (2) is more active than the catalyst particle in the portion (1).    USE - For removal of carbon monoxide from reformed gas containing hydrogen gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal runaway by exothermic reaction in the primary catalyst portion is suppressed. Carbon monoxide is removed efficiently from the reformed gas. The need for a forced cooling device is eliminated, simplifying the shift reaction apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst property of catalyst particle of secondary catalyst portion (2) is made active, by setting the particle size of metal-oxide carrier in the portion (2) smaller than the particle size of the metal-oxide carrier of portion (1). The difference in the particle size of the metal-oxide carrier of the portions (1,2) is 2-5 mm. The metal catalysts are made of noble metals. The temperature of the reformed gas is set between 200 and 500 degreesC, before supplying into the portions.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon monoxide removal method of mixed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the selective oxidation-reaction apparatus.    primary and secondary catalyst portions (1,2)    outer cylinder (3)    metal oxide carrier particle (4)    catalyst particles (7,8)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is manufactured using a reactor (8) installed between a modifier (7) and a shift-reaction device (9). The reactor is packed with a catalyst having hydrocracking activity which decomposes a portion of the non-decomposed hydrocarbon compound in the reformed gas.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method removes a portion of non-decomposed hydrocarbon compound raw material produced during modification reaction. The carbon-monoxide removal catalyst in the later-stage process is not degraded.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system using the manufactured hydrogen as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the fuel cell system.    modifier (7)    reactor (8)    high-temperature shift-reaction device (9)    low-temperature shift-reaction device (10)    carbon-monoxide selection oxidation-reaction device (11)
NOVELTY - A reactor portion (8) packed with a catalyst is provided between a modifier (7) and shift reaction devices (9,10). The non-decomposed portion of a hydrocarbon compound contained in a reformed gas, is adsorbed and decomposed by the catalyst to manufacture hydrogen.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used for fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is efficiently manufactured without degrading carbon monoxide removal catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system, which uses hydrogen manufactured by the above method, as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of fuel cell system.    modifier (7)    reactor (8)    high-temperature shift reaction device (9)    low-temperature shift reaction device (10)    anode (12)    cathode (13)
NOVELTY - A reactor (8) comprising a steam reforming activity catalyst, is provided between a modifier (7) and a shift reaction device (9), in the hydrogen manufacturing device. The catalyst decomposes the trace amount of non-decomposed hydrocarbon compound present in the reformed gas.    USE - For fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen manufacture without degradation of carbon monoxide removal catalyst, is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system, which uses hydrogen as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    fuel tank (3)    desulfurizer (5)    vaporizer (6)    modifier (7)    reactor (8)    shift reaction devices (9,10)
NOVELTY - A separator (4) has a tube (12) formed at a fuel outlet (8) connecting fuel gas flow path (5) with a fuel supply hole (6). The tube supports a gasket and prevents the deformation of the gasket. The tube is made from water repellent material.    USE - Separator for fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Improves adhesion of gasket and separator, and prevents leakage of fuel gas from gasket, by preventing deformation of gasket and reduces manufacturing cost, by eliminating need for providing material for ensuring airtightness of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the separator (drawing includes non-English language text).    separator (4)    fuel gas flow path (5)    fuel supply hole (6)    fuel outlet (8)    tube (12)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen generator has container (11) comprising chamber (2) filled with water vapor generation source (1), chamber (4) containing hydride (3), and dividing wall (10) dividing chambers (2, 4).    USE - For supplying hydrogen fuel to polymer electrolyte fuel cell mounted on portable equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen generated is compact and highly efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aperture (5) is provided at dividing wall, and connects chambers (2, 4). A water-repellent porous material is arranged covering aperture (5). An aperture (7) is formed at the surface surrounding the chamber (4) except dividing wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of the hydrogen generator.    Water vapor generation source (1)    Chambers (2,4)    Hydride(5,7) apertures (3)    Opening-and-closing material (6)    Porous material (8,9)    Polytetrafluoroethylene porous material (8a,9a)    Air permeable support material (8b,9b)    Dividing wall (10)    Container (11)
NOVELTY - Composting takes place in largely closed volume. Extraction of effluent air to cool or reduce chemical parameters is limited at each region. Radio alarms signal control unit (12) when limits are exceeded. During treatment, room air is recirculated, moistened and treated with additives. Reduced pressure limits mist formation. Recirculation direction is selected for treatment.    USE - As biomechanical composting method for organic wastes, with extraction of effluent gases from below.    ADVANTAGE - This process avoids unacceptably high odor and dust generation. Through control, conditions in the ambient air around the compost heaps are improved. Air recirculation and replacement, removes dust and vapors, keeping particle concentrations in the air small. Filtration minimizes emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Composting takes place in a largely closed volume. Extraction of effluent air to cool or reduce chemical parameters is limited at each region. Radio alarms signal a control unit (12) when limits are exceeded. During the treatment, the room air is recirculated, moistened and treated with additives. Reduced pressure arising, limits mist formation. The recirculation direction is selected accordingly, for the treatment. The moisture required is supplied by sprinklers. On exceeding specific limits, air recirculating in the room is replaced by external air. Effluent air passes through a chemical after-treatment to free it from odor and dust, control being effected externally. Further variants of the process, which include turning of the compost, are described in accordance with the foregoing principles.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for corresponding equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective pictorial diagram illustrating the composting building and ancillary plant.    Composting building (1)    Heaps of compost (5)    Effluent air channel in floor (7)    Biofilter (9)    Sprinkling system (10)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a clean cultivation and nuisance-free planting installation in agricultural technology. In the dominance complementation of RG solar energy displacement technique andself-produced matter energy displacement technique the constant production and supply of fecal sewage fermentation temperature and integrated cultivation and planting environment temperature in an anaerobic container can be implemented. It includes seriated clean cultivation equipment containers, equipment for producing manure liquor, planting space for applying manure fertilizer to cultivating crops and multi-layer equipment for cleanly cultivating fowls, livestock, aquatic product and flowers.
NOVELTY - An upstream portion of an inlet flow path which directs the cathode inlet gas from a compressor to the cathode side, is arranged in heat exchange relation with the upstream portion of an exhaust flow path, to transfer heat from the inlet gas to exhaust gas. A water vapor permeable membrane between the downstream portions of the inlet and exhaust flow paths, transfers water vapor from exhaust path to inlet path.    USE - For humidifying cathode inlet gas in fuel cell system such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The humidification of the cathode inlet gas is easily and efficiently performed using simple humidification system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) heat/mass exchanger; and    (2) humidification method of cathode inlet gas in fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the humidification system.    inlet gas flow (18)    exhaust gas flow (24)    heat exchanging unit (43)    flexible sheet (90)    fin (90)
NOVELTY - A self-regulating hydrogen gas generator comprises a catalytic reactor (20) having an elastic arrangement (24) with designated compressing and restoring force. The elastic arrangement moves catalyst (21) towards the closed (27) or opened (28) portion of the reactor based on the pressure of the fuel tank due to generation of hydrogen gas, to regulate hydrogen gas generation.    USE - For hydrogen fuel cell (claimed) or fuel engine of mobile equipment e.g. vehicle, small sized electronic devices e.g. portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas generator actively self-regulates the generation and interruption of hydrogen gas based on the pressure of the generated gas without any external force, thus having a simple structure and reducing production cost. The hydrogen gas generator has reduced volume and weight of the fuel cell serving as an energy source for various equipment. The hydrogen gas generator stimulates the use of hydrogen as clean alternative energy, and causes the hydrogen gas to be used as a substitute for gradually exhausting fossil fuels, thus preventing air pollution and providing a clean environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partially exploded perspective view of the catalytic reactor.    Catalytic reactor (20)    Catalyst (21)    Elastic arrangement (24)    Closed portion (27)    Opened portion. (28)
NOVELTY - Selective removal of hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide from crude natural gas or synthesis gas comprise a first (41) and a second (49) absorption step for separating off pure carbon dioxide. A desorption step (50) is then used for recovery of hydrogen sulfide-rich gases.    USE - Selective removal of hydrogen sulfide, organic sulfur compounds and carbon dioxide from crude natural gas or synthesis gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An inert solvent is used as adsorbent and is fed back to the first two stages after desorption. Adsorbent leaving the first adsorption stage is heated with recirculated adsorbent from the desorption stage in a heat exchanger (44). It is then compressed in a flash tank (47), cooled in a condenser (48) and fed to the second absorption stage where recycled adsorbent is used, as well as fresh absorbent, to remove sulfur compounds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the process.    Recirculated sorbent (15)    First absorption stage (41)    Heat exchanger (44)    Flash tank (47)    Condenser (48)    Second absorption stage (49)    Desorption stage (50)    Heat exchanger (52)    Flash tank (55)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell comprises fuel supply unit which supplies fuel in solid or liquid state under normal temperature and pressure, to anode (2), oxidizing agent supply unit which supplies oxidizing agent that comprises oxygen to cathode (3), and heating unit for heating the fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell for mobile phone and notebook type computer.    ADVANTAGE - Provides cell with excellent portability and better power generating efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electrolyte (1)    anode (2)    cathode (3)    tubes (13,14)
NOVELTY - Determining the redox state of a catalyst-coated anode (11) of a high temperature fuel cell (10) or steam reformer comprises contacting a first resonator (3) of a piezoelectric sensor arrangement with the anode gas stream (5) of the cell containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and/or methane, and measuring the change of the resonance behavior.    USE - Determining the redox state of a catalyst-coated anode of a high temperature fuel cell or steam reformer.    ADVANTAGE - Optimum operation of the fuel cell or reformer is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for determining the redox state of a catalyst-coated anode (11) of a high temperature fuel cell (10) or steam reformer comprises contacting a first resonator (3) of a piezoelectric sensor arrangement with the anode gas stream (5) of the cell containing hydrogen (H2), carbon monoxide (CO) and/or methane (CH4), and measuring the change of the resonance behavior, preferably the resonance frequency, of the first resonator and using as an indicator for the redox state of the anode of the cell. The surface of the resonator is provided with a oxidizable/reducible coating (4).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for determining the redox state of a catalyst-coated anode of a high temperature fuel cell or steam reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device for determining the redox state of a catalyst-coated anode of a high temperature fuel cell.    first resonator (3)    oxidizable/reducible coating (4)    anode gas stream (5)    high temperature fuel cell (10)    anode (11)
NOVELTY - A polyvinyl alcohol degrading bacterium (I) capable of growing by using polyvinyl alcohol as a sole source of carbon under aerobic conditions at 30degreesC for 10 days and degrading at least 40% of polyvinyl alcohol in presence of nitrogen source, and having a 16S ribosomal RNA gene hybridizing under stringent conditions with any one of 3 fully defined sequences of 1492, 1453 and 1492 base pairs as given in the specification, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for drainage treatment process (claimed). (I) is useful in purifying or cleaning waste water containing polyvinyl alcohol.    ADVANTAGE - (I) is excellent in purifying or cleaning waste water that contains polyvinyl alcohol and in drainage treatment process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) microorganism formulation, comprising (I); and    (2) drainage treatment process, which includes microorganism agent comprising (I) and a unit for supplying oxygen to the microorganism agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing the degradation of polyvinyl alcohol with respect to variation in time, by bacteria of activated sludge. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Catalyst composition comprises a perovskite structure and a Ruddlesden Popper structure.    USE - For reforming hydrocarbon fuels, e.g. diesel to produce a high percentage yield of hydrogen for supplying a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive catalyst composition provides high selectivity of converting diesel-like hydrocarbon to hydrogen and carbon oxides under high fuel feed rate and a low reforming temperature. It provides excellent autothermal reforming efficiency under wide range of oxygen (O2)/carbon (C) ratio and steam (H2O)/C ratio, and superior steam reforming efficiency when air is absent from the feed. It has good stability of the catalytic activity under high operating temperature and exhibits little or no carbon formation of catalyst surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalyst composition comprises a perovskite structure having a formula of (Al-xAx')(B1-yB'y)O3e (I), and a Ruddlesden Popper structure having a formula (A1-zAz'O)(A1-xA'xB1-yB'yO3e)n (II).    A = La, Y, Pr, or Gd;    A' = Na, K, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ag, or Ce;    B = Ni, Co, Cu, Zn, Fe, Ga, Al, Cr, Mn, Ti, V, Mo, W, Zr, Nb, or Sn;    B' = Ru, or Rh;    x = 0-1;    y = 0-0.5;    z = 0-0.5.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) catalyst comprising Lal-xAxCl-yByO3 (III); and    (2) method of producing the catalyst comprising dissolving lanthanum nitrate-containing compound (La(NO3)3) in water to form a solution, dissolving chromium nitrate-containing compound (Cr(NO3)3) in the solution, dissolving ruthenium nitrate-containing compound (Ru(NO)(NO3)3) in the solution, and evaporating the solution to form foam that ignites to form the catalyst.    A = Gd, Pr, and/or Sr;    x = 0.05-1;    y = 0.01-0.2.
NOVELTY - A control system for supplying fuel to fuel cell stack that includes anode and cathode and generates electrical energy by chemical reaction, comprises fuel storage unit, diluent storage unit, sensor that detects concentration of fuel in a fuel mixture solution and outputs a signal according to the concentration; and control unit that receives the signal from the sensor and controls the fuel mixture solution.    USE - For supplying fuel to fuel cell stack that generates electrical energy (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The control system includes a small sensor that can simply measure the concentration of fuel. Thus, a smaller fuel cell with higher efficiency can be manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A control system for supplying fuel to fuel cell stack that includes anode and cathode and generates electrical energy by chemical reaction of the fuel, comprises fuel storage unit; diluent storage unit that stores a diluent that is byproduct of the chemical reaction in the fuel cell stack; sensor that detects concentration of fuel in a fuel mixture solution and outputs a signal according to the concentration; and control unit that receives the signal from the sensor and controls the fuel mixture solution.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sensor for a fuel concentration in a fuel cell comprising external electrode, internal electrode, and sensor member that fills the space between the internal and external electrodes, where the sensor member changes volume depending on a concentration of fuel in fuel mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of a fuel amount control system of a fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Sequestration of carbon dioxide and production of natural gas, comprises injecting an injectant containing at least some amount of carbon dioxide into a zone containing natural gas hydrates; releasing natural gas from the hydrates by allowing thermal transfer and pressure changes from the injectant to the hydrates; and sequestering the carbon dioxide in the zone that previously contained the natural gas hydrates.    USE - For sequestering carbon dioxide and producing natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method enhances the quality of the environment of mankind by contributing to the control of greenhouse gases. By combining methane production and sequestration of carbon dioxide, the costs of sequestration and hydrate production become competitive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for sequestering carbon dioxide and producing natural gas from subterranean natural gas hydrates by controlled injection of injectant stream that contains at least some carbon dioxide, comprising gas supply subsystem (12) for preparation and injection of the injectant stream into a well; well subsystem (52) for delivering the injectant (56) into the subsurface formation and for producing the resultant natural gas; subsurface containment subsystem (66) comprising a subsurface formation with static and dynamic permeability variations that form barriers to the circulation of gas and liquids; and monitoring and control subsystem (77) for maintaining the production process and for controlling the injection and production pressure and temperature for the natural gas production and carbon dioxide capture and sequestration in the subsurface formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of a generic system of the inventive method.    Gas supply subsystem (12)    Well subsystem (52)    Injectant (56)    Subsurface containment subsystem (66)    Monitoring and control subsystem (77)
NOVELTY - Biochemical cycling of aquarium involves harvesting marine sand containing microorganisms in the form of biofilm from natural marine environment, depositing the sand in a container with seawater (preferably 2 - 12 ounces/pound of sand) and air (preferably 5 - 100 cm3/pound of sand), air tight sealing the container and depositing the sand into the aquarium.    USE - For rapid biochemical cycling of marine aquariums to establish chemically balanced aquatic environment capable of supporting marine life (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides rapid biochemical cycling of marine aquariums; provides effective harvesting, packaging, transport, bio-active storage and retail sale of aquarium substrate material containing live microorganisms such as bacteria useful in oxidizing ammonia in aquariums, such that the microorganisms remain biologically viable for extended periods of time in excess of twelve months thereby maintaining a stable and healthy aquarium environment; provides for effective and easy introduction of natural granular substrate material into an aquarium, thereby reducing harmful nitrates, maintaining proper pH, providing enhanced buffering capacity and essential inorganic elements which encourage stable and healthy environment for aquatic life for extended periods of time; allows nitrogenous waste to be properly removed.
NOVELTY - An earth atmospheric replenishment system (EARS) comprises four separate components designed to work together to extract hydrogen from salt water. The hydrogen is used as fuel. The four components are solar electric/hydrogen powered car; hydrogen garden; hydrogen pod; and hydrogen farm.    USE - For providing energy for transportation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system provides hydrogen fuel which is cleaned when burned, eliminating pollution and produces drinking quality fresh water as by-product of the burned fuel. It can co-exist easily with humans or other forms of life, without taking up additional space and not causing disruption in every day life. It creates the option of portable atmosphere which would enable humans to exist on other planets, moons, space stations. Pod carbon probes are available as batteries. They last longer. The pod is not dangerous to sea life. If a pod sinks, it becomes a reef. The EAR system follows a Presidential order for the USA to switch to the use of hydrogen fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows all four main components of EARS.
NOVELTY - A toluene containing feedstock is disproportionated by providing a reaction zone containing a mordenite-type toluene disproportionation catalyst, supplying a toluene feedstock, supplying hydrogen to the reaction zone, operating the reaction zone under temperature and pressure conditions, and recovering a product stream from the reaction zone containing toluene, benzene and xylene, together with 2-4C hydrocarbons.    USE - For disproportionation of a toluene containing feedstock.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method employs mordenite catalysts of low aluminum content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Disproportionation of a toluene containing feedstock comprises providing a reaction zone containing a mordenite-type toluene disproportionation catalyst, supplying a toluene feedstock, supplying hydrogen to the reaction zone, operating the reaction zone under temperature and pressure conditions effective to cause the disproportionation of the toluene to benzene and xylene and concomitantly cracking of the non-aromatic hydrocarbons to convert the predominant portion of the nonaromatic hydrocarbon content to lower molecular weight hydrocarbons to produce a lower boiling fraction in the LPG boiling range; and recovering a product stream from the reaction zone containing toluene, benzene and xylene, together with 2-4C hydrocarbons. The feedstock contains 80-90 wt.% toluene, and 10-20 wt.% 6-8C non-aromatic content to the reaction zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph illustrating the temperature and toluene conversion as a function of time and toluene content of the feedstock to a reaction zone containing a nickel mordenite catalyst.
NOVELTY - Preparing fertilizers out of organic wastes of animal science, poultry science and vegetable growing. One should divide organic waste products into liquid and solid fractions, supply air into the mass of organic wastes followed by fermentation.    USE - Agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency of manufacturing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Division into liquid and solid fractions should be carried out under the shed at an even platform supplied with sewages for liquid fraction and canals to supply air from below into the mass of organic wastes. Solid fraction should be periodically thrown over without thickening, and liquid fraction undergoes anaerobic fermentation. The innovation in question enables to increase the quality of fertilizer and decrease financial and exploitation expenses at manufacturing fertilizers.
NOVELTY - A carbonized fuel coal uses sewage sludge and garbage as a fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbonized fuel coal comprises 10-90 wt.% of a carbonized coal and 10-90 wt.% of waste cokes powder. Preparing the carbonized fuel coal comprises: (a) mixing a mixture powder consisting of 10-60 wt.% of a carbonized coal and 40-90 wt.% of waste cokes powder with 2-10 wt.% of clay powder; (b) kneading the mixture of the step (a) with water; and (c) compressing and molding the kneaded product of the step (c).
NOVELTY - Provided are an alternative fuel by using waste synthetic resin and sewage sludge and a manufacturing system thereof which regenerate the waste synthetic resin and the sewage sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alternative fuel manufacturing system by using waste synthetic resin and sewage sludge comprises an injecting hopper(10), a sorting conveyor(11), a first magnetic force sorting machine(12), a crusher(13), a transferring conveyor(14), a combustible supporting agent supplier(17), a dried sludge supply port(18), a molding machine injecting port(19), a molding machine(20), a molding machine screw(21), a thermal pipe(22), a heating coil, molding nozzles(23), an alternative fuel cutting machine, an alternative fuel transferring conveyor(24), an alternative fuel packing machine(24-a), a sludge drying furnace(25), a heat supplying device(26), a heat supplying device burner(27), a heat supplying pipe(28), a heat discharge pipe(29), a dried sludge discharge pipe(30), a sludge drying furnace gas discharge pipe(31), a pre-heated air supplying pipe(32), an air ventilator(33), a cyclone(34), a dust collecting machine(35) and a chimney(36).
NOVELTY - Processing organic waste comprises subjecting organic waste to dry type methane fermentation by adding up to 10% water vapor with respect to discarding amount of resources. 70-90% of the obtained methane fermentation residue is carbonized. At least a part of the carbonized material is added to 10-30% remaining methane fermentation residue. The obtained mixture is subjected to composting.    USE - Used for processing organic waste such as livestock excrement, wood, foodstuffs residue, fish processing residue, combustible trash and organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method is efficient and economical. The amount of manure product generated is low, and a deodorizing process is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a processing apparatus of organic waste, which comprises a dry type methane fermentation tank (1) for carrying out dry type methane fermentation of the organic waste, a carbonization apparatus (7) for carbonizing the methane fermentation residue and a composting apparatus (5) for composting the mixture of carbonized material and remaining methane fermentation residue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a processing apparatus of organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dry type methane fermentation tank (1)    Generator (2)    Boilers (3,4)    Composting apparatus (5)    Carbonization apparatus (7)
NOVELTY - The metal catalysts made of same material are fixed in the surface of a metal-oxide carrier particles (4), in the primary and secondary catalyst portions (1,2), respectively. The concentration of catalyst particles (7,8) distributed in the portion (1) is more than the catalyst particles distributed in the portion (2). The temperature of portion (2) is lower than the temperature of portion (1).    USE - For use in removal of carbon monoxide from reformed gas using water gas shift reaction.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of methane in the primary catalyst portion is suppressed, by setting temperature of the secondary catalyst portion. Carbon monoxide is removed efficiently from the reformed gas, by quick water gas shift reaction in the secondary catalyst portion. The oxidation of metal catalyst is suppressed for long time. The need for a forced cooling device is eliminated, simplifying the shift reaction apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The concentration of the catalyst particles in the portion (2) is 1.5-10 times more than the portion (1). The metal catalysts are made of noble metals. The weight SV value is expressed as the ratio of the mixed-gas flow amount per unit time with respect to the weight of the catalyst in the portions (1,2). The weight SV value of the portion (2) is more than portion (1). The temperature of the reformed gas is set between 200 and 500degreesC.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon monoxide removal method of mixed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the shift reaction apparatus.    primary and secondary catalyst portions (1,2)    outer cylinder (3)    metal oxide carrier particle (4)    catalyst particles (7,8)
NOVELTY - An air-fuel mixing unit mixes fuel with air in a modification catalyst, during particulation of air. The fuel modifier modifies air-fuel mixture of fuel and air in the modification catalyst.    USE - For reforming mixture of fuel and air in internal combustion engine such as four-cylinder engine used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel and air are mixed favorably, enhancing the efficiency of the fuel modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel supply path (19) contains an emulsion tube (17) filled with sintered compact in specific region. The air is guided into the sintered-compact filled region through an air guide tube (L3). A venturi tube (27) is arranged in the edge near the modification catalyst to produce low-pressure in a mixing chamber (22). A tubular element is connected to the fuel supply path and is formed of inner diameter smaller than the diameter of a connection portion of the fuel supply path. A space is formed between the inner wall surfaces of the mixing chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded sectional view of the fuel modifier.    emulsion tube (17)    fuel supply path (19)    mixing chamber (22)    venturi tube (27)    air guide tube (L3)
NOVELTY - A fuel supply unit supplies fuel to a modification-reaction unit. A modification catalyst arranged in the modification-reaction unit modifies air-fuel mixture. A control unit regulates supply of air to the modification-reaction unit from an air supply path, after stopping the modification reaction. The air is supplied towards the fuel supply unit from the air supply path.    USE - For reforming mixture of fuel and air in internal combustion engine such as four-cylinder engine used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reforming system reforms mixture of fuel and air, efficiently. The modification catalyst is cooled efficiently, after stopping of the modification reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a time chart of operation procedure of engine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Several balls (304) are held between an inner race (301) and an outer race (302). A grease composition comprising a blend of a fluorine type thickening agent and a fluorochemical surfactant with a fluorine type lubricating agent, is sealed in the bearing.    USE - Ball bearing and roller bearing for use in pumping unit (claimed) for fuel cell system (claimed) used to produce electrical energy for use in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The rust-proof ability of the bearing is improved. Enables using the bearing in the acidic atmosphere. The pumping unit is operable stably over a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thickening agent consists of polytetra fluoroethylene manufactured from perfluoropolyether oil. The surfactant contains carbon atoms and fluorine atoms in the ratio of 1:2-2:1, and constitutes 0.2-10 mass % of the composition. The bearing is usable in an acidic atmosphere.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) pumping unit for fuel cell system, which uses roller bearing; and    (2) fuel cell system with pumping unit for pumping various fluids to a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the ball bearing.    ball bearing (300)    inner race (301)    outer race (302)    holder (303)    ball (304)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occlusion alloy consists of a Laves phase having a hexagonal system 14C type crystal structure. The alloy contains titanium and/or zirconium, and one or more elements chosen from chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, niobium, molybdenum, vanadium, manganese and tungsten. The alloy has specific parameter (S) which shows the volume of a unit cell.    USE - As hydrogen occlusion alloy.    ADVANTAGE - The alloy occludes and discharges hydrogen reversibly. Large amount of hydrogen occlusion and discharge of hydrogen are performed under low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen occlusion alloy consists of a Laves phase having a hexagonal system 14C type crystal structure. The alloy has formula ABn, where A is titanium and/or zirconium, B is chromium, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, niobium, molybdenum, vanadium, manganese and/or tungsten, and 1.5 less than n less than 2.5. The parameter (S) of the alloy which shows the volume of a unit cell satisfies the relations: S = (square root of 3)xa2xc/2 Angstrom3 and 163 less than S less than 174, where a is the a-axis lattice constant (in Angstrom) and c is the c-axis lattice constant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph showing the relationship of unit cell volume (S) and amount of available hydrogen at -40degreesC. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generator (1) has high-pressure continuous combustion device such as city gas turbine (14). Town gas is ejected from several fuel over concentrated ports (5) arranged at the downstream side of the main burner (4). Generation of hydrogen in combustion gas is promoted by subjecting the fuel to fuel over concentrated combustion with an excess air ratio of 1 or less.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to hydrogen fuel-cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen generator enables efficient generation of hydrogen at improved productivity. Effective extraction of hydrogen from combustion gas is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen permeation apparatus (3).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    hydrogen permeation apparatus (3)    main burner (4)    fuel over concentrated port (5)    gas turbine (14)
NOVELTY - A magnesium alloy containing 1-40 wt.% of lithium is contacted with ammonium salt solution to produce hydrogen.    USE - For cathode material used in fuel cell of electric and electronic equipment, fuel cell of mechanical charging type, air battery material and hydrogen fueled engine of car, and portable polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method is suitable for producing hydrogen, simply and safely.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for raw material, which contains 1-40 wt.% of lithium for manufacturing hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Removing a fugitive material from a mold comprises providing a mold having a pattern formed from the fugitive material; and supplying a supercritical fluid to the mold to dissolve and remove the fugitive material.    USE - Removing a fugitive material, e.g. wax, mixture of resin, filler and wax, polymeric material, from a mold during a casting process (claimed) for use in the aerospace industry for the precision manufacture of various components, e.g. turbine or compressor blades.    ADVANTAGE - The supercritical fluid dissolves the fugitive material so that a cavity (24) remains in the mold which is identical in size and shape to the original master pattern.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fugitive material-removing apparatus comprising a chamber (46) for receiving a mold (22) from a pattern (16) formed from the fugitive material; and pump (42) for supplying a supercritical fluid to the chamber to dissolve and remove the fugitive material from the mold.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fugitive material-removing apparatus.    Pattern (16)    Mold (22)    Cavity (24)    Pump (42)    Pipe (44)    Chamber (46)    Fluid removal conduit (48)    Valve (50)    Heater (52)
NOVELTY - Reducing the organic content of wastewater from food processing and other industries comprises biodigestion with filamentous fungi in free culture in the presence of oxygen.    USE - Reducing the organic content of wastewater from food processing and other industries, e.g. from the meat, milk, cheese, distilling, brewing, starch, canning, bleaching, sugar, paper, cardboard, iron and steel, textile and petrochemical industries.    ADVANTAGE - The process reduces pollutant and odor levels and removes toxic organic materials such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and halogenated compounds (herbicides, fungicides, insecticides and surface treatment chemicals).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fungal inoculum comprising Aspergillus phoenicis, Chaetomium globosum, Galactomyces geotrichum, Mucor hiemalis, Paecilomyces variotii, Fusarium equiseti, Phoma sp., Trichoderma viride or Penicillium chrysogenum.
NOVELTY - A catalyst composition comprises beta-zeolite produced according to a dry gel process and containing cerium. The beta-zeolite has an average particle diameter of 0.01-0.1 microm. The proportion of cerium in the beta-zeolite is 0.001-0.2 in terms of the atomic ratio of silicon atom to cerium atom in the beta-zeolite.    USE - For use in isomerization of n-paraffin (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The beta-zeolite exhibits high degree of isomerization effect for n-paraffin without causing any environmental pollution and this catalytic activity is prolonged without deterioration for a long time. The specific beta-zeolite scarcely produces carbonaceous materials in the course of isomerization.
NOVELTY - To process oil-water mixtures and emulsions, a cracking agent separates the phases at increased temperature and pressure. The cracking agent is a light volatile and fluid hydrocarbon compound and preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon e.g. propane and/or butane. The mixture is passed to a settling tank where a water phase is separated from a lighter phase of oil and the slightly volatile hydrocarbons, and solids settle as sediment.    USE - For processing oil/water mixtures and emulsions, to separate the water and handle the hydrocarbons safely.    ADVANTAGE - The mixtures and emulsions are treated effectively and inexpensively by using a simple assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - To process oil-water mixtures and emulsions, with equal proportions of oil and water, a cracking agent separates the oil and water phases at increased temperatures and pressures. The cracking agent is a light volatile and fluid hydrocarbon compound and preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon e.g. propane and/or butane. It is mixed with the emulsion at a pressure of 2.5x10E6 to 4x10E6 Pa, and preferably 3.5x10E6 Pa to 4.5x10E6 Pa, at a temperature of 70-80 degrees C. The mixture is passed to a settling tank (7) where the first water phase is separated from a lighter phase of oil and the slightly volatile hydrocarbons, and solids settle as a sediment. The pressure on the second phase is relieved, and the temperature increased in a cyclone (9) for separation into liquid and gas phases, and the hydrocarbon vapors are extracted. The oil phase is passed to a vessel (10), filled with an ionic fluid which extracts chlorine, sulfur and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon substances. The increased temperatures are provided by a counter-flow heat exchanger (3,4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the oil-water processing system.    heat exchangers (3,4)    settling tank (7)    cyclone (9)    extraction vessel (10)
NOVELTY - Fisher-Tropsch synthesis catalyst is obtained by supporting two or more precursor compounds containing metal chosen from cobalt, nickel and ruthenium, on a silica-type support containing 0.03-0.3 mass% of alkali metal and/or alkaline-earth metal.    USE - For manufacture of hydrocarbon (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has low methane selectivity, high carbon monoxide conversion ratio and chain-propagation probability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrocarbon, which involves reacting hydrogen and carbon monoxide in presence of the catalyst.
NOVELTY - A catalyst support composition comprises a major amount of titania, and a minor amount of binder comprising cobalt aluminate. The atomic ratio of cobalt to aluminum in the composition is greater than 0.25.    USE - For Fischer-Tropsch synthesis (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The titania supports achieve high selectivities with low methane formation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method for preparing a catalyst support comprising, spray drying a material comprising titania and alumina to form spray dried product; incorporating a cobalt compound into the spray dried product to obtain a cobalt containing material, the cobalt compound being incorporated in an amount of convert, upon calcination, at least part of the alumina to cobalt aluminate; and calcining the cobalt containing material; and    (2) a Fischer-Tropsch composition comprising a catalytic metal consisting of cobalt, and/or rhenium on a support comprising titania and cobalt aluminate.
NOVELTY - Production of dispersed active metal catalyst comprises treating a metal particulate with a solution capable of oxidizing the metal particulate and comprising compound(s) of a hydrogenation catalyst metal, the treatment being for a time to form metal hydroxides and/or oxides on portion(s) of the metal particulate; and contacting the treated metal particulate with a hydrogen containing gas at elevated temperature.    USE - For the production of dispersed active metal catalysts (claimed) for hydrogenation reactions, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch process.    ADVANTAGE - The process forms highly active, selective catalyst layer on a metal particulate or particulates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of dispersed active metal catalyst comprises treating a metal particulate with a solution capable of oxidizing the metal particulate and comprising compound(s) of a hydrogenation catalyst metal, the treatment being for a time to form metal hydroxides and/or oxides on portion(s) of the metal particulate; and contacting the treated metal particulate with a hydrogen containing gas at elevated temperature and for a time to reduce the hydroxides and oxides.
NOVELTY - Enhancing the activity of a catalyst metal particulate for hydrogenation reactions, comprises calcining the catalyst metal particulate in an oxidant-containing atmosphere under conditions to form a porous layer of oxides of the metal on a portion of the metal particulate; treating the calcined metal particulate having oxides with a solution capable of oxidizing the metal of the calcined particulate; and activating the metal particulate.    USE - For enhancing the activity of a catalyst metal particulate, e.g. Fischer-Tropsch metal catalyst, for hydrogenation reactions, e.g. production of higher hydrocarbons (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process forms a highly active, selective catalyst layer on particulate metals that catalyze hydrogenation reactions, particularly in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis chemistry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Enhancing the activity of a catalyst metal particulate for hydrogenation reactions, comprises calcining the catalyst metal particulate in an oxidant-containing atmosphere under conditions to form a porous layer of oxides of the metal on a portion of the metal particulate; treating the calcined metal particulate having oxides with a solution capable of oxidizing the metal of the calcined particulate and comprising a compound of a hydrogenation catalyst metal under conditions for the calcined particulate to absorb a volume of the solution equal to at least 10% of the calculated pore volume of the calcined particulate; and activating the treated metal particulate with a hydrogen-containing gas at elevated temperature, thus forming a dispersed active metal catalyst.
NOVELTY - Making combustible products from recyclable materials comprises: (1) blending feedstock including thermoplastic material and/or cellulosic fibers; (2) inputting the blending feedstock into a low-speed and high-torque grinder for reducing the size of the blended feedstock; and (3) compressing and extruding the reduced blended feedstock through a cuber to create combustible products.    USE - For preparing combustible products from byproducts from the production of disposable diapers, sanitary pads, adhesive liners and/or hospital gowns (claimed), wherein the combustible products are useful as industrial fuel with high heat output.    ADVANTAGE - The method continuously processes feedstock while reducing the risk of fire.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for manufacturing a combustible product comprising:    (1) a grinder for grinding feedstock;    (2) a cuber for shaping the ground feedstock into predetermined shapes; and    (3) a method of feeding the feedstock through the grinder and the cuber to form combustible products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of the process of the invention.
NOVELTY - Preparing the surface (40) of a porous metal substrate (30) with a surface region and a body region for membrane deposition comprises adding material (100) to the surface region of a porous metal substrate by applying a cold spray (101).    USE - For preparing the surface of a porous metal substrate for use in a separation membrane (claimed). The membranes are useful in fuel cells, typically polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not decrease the average bulk porosity of the metal substrate. The cold spray reduces surface variance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a separation membrane comprising a porous metal substrate with a principal surface previously coated by application of a cold spray; a variance on the coated principal surface; a body region of the metal substrate; a surface region extending from the body region to the principal surface; and a membrane deposited on the coated principal surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a porous metal substrate being exposed to a cold spray.    Metal substrate (30)    Surface (40)    Material (100)    Cold spray (101)
NOVELTY - An integrated fuel processor apparatus and enclosure comprises fuel processor for producing hydrogen-rich reformate having water and combustible gas component, gas impermeable enclosure for containing the fuel processor, and collection vessel in the enclosure for receiving the water. The collection vessel has a drain for directing the water out of the enclosure.    USE - The invention is for separating water from a reformate stream for safe disposal (claimed). It is for converting hydrocarbon-based fuels into hydrogen-rich reformate for use by fuel cells or other devices requiring hydrogen feed streams.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides safe operation of the fuel processor and safe disposal of waste streams from the fuel processor or from an integrated fuel processor-fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method for separating water from a reformate stream for safe disposable comprising operating a fuel processor in a gas impermeable enclosure to produce a hydrogen-rich reformate having water and combustible gas component(s), separating the water from the hydrogen-rich reformation and directing the water to an open collection vessel in the enclosure, and evaporating an entrained combustible gas component from the water to the interior of the enclosure; and    (2) a method for manufacturing a integrated fuel processor apparatus and enclosure apparatus for separating water from a reformate for safe disposal comprising enclosing a fuel processor in a gas impermeable enclosure and fuel processor to produce a hydrogen-rich reformate, providing a separator for separating the water from the hydrogen-rich reformate, and providing an open collection vessel in the enclosure for receiving separated water from the separator.
NOVELTY - A storage and dispensing system for storing and dispensing a target gas, comprises a housing; microtubular elements in the housing, each element comprising a tubular wall defining a bore side and a shell side, the bore side being sealed from the shell side; and carrier material for the target gas and disposed in the housing and at either the bore- or shell sides of the microtubular elements.    USE - For storing and dispensing a target gas e.g. hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The gas storage system has enhanced gas storage capacity, reduced storage/transportation cost and reduced risk of leakage/rupture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a microfibrous fuel cell structure, comprising hollow fibrous membrane separator defining a shell side and a bore side; inner current collector at the bore side of the separator; inner electrocatalyst layer at the bore side of the separator; outer current collector at the shell side of the separator; outer electrocatalyst layer at the shell side of the separator; and hydrogen supply structure at the bore side of the separator, which comprises a carrier material for hydrogen gas.
NOVELTY - Catalyst is prepared by precipitation of zirconium hydroxide by ammonium hydroxide from zyrconyl nitrate solution at constant pH 8.3-8.9, separation of precipitated hydroxide by filtration, drying, promotion with iron nitrate, drying, sulfonation with sulfuric acid, drying of sulfated hydroxide, and calcination at 600-700epsilon--mu--. Constancy of pH in precipitation stage is achieved by gradually and simultaneously adding to precipitation vessel 15% zyrconyl nitrate solution and 12.5% ammonium hydroxide.    USE - Petrochemical process catalysts.    ADVANTAGE - Increased activity of catalyst and yield of isobutene, and eliminated washing of zirconium hydroxide to remove anions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Catalyst contains zirconium oxide promoted with 0.7-1.5% iron cations and 3.0-9.7% of sulfate anions.
NOVELTY - A method for producing compost is provided to recycle organic wastes such as animal excrement and food leftovers, etc., improve the soil property and prevent environmental pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for producing compost comprises the steps of: storing the organic wastes in a hopper; adding a deodorizing agent to the organic wastes in the hopper for removing smells generated from the organic wastes; drying the deodorized organic wastes in a drying chamber at 75-85 deg.C for 4 hours, while fermentation is simultaneously proceeded; adding an inorganic compound such as calcium oxide or zeolite to the dried and fermented product and mixing them; molding the resulted mixture; cooling the molded mixture for improving its binding property; and packaging the resulted compost.
NOVELTY - A container attached with integrated circuit (IC) tag comprising information about the content of the container, is used for circulation of compost. A sales terminal is connected to computer network and IC tag which is accessed by a non-contact reader-writer. The container circulation state is managed using a terminal in central management unit (4). The container has another tag comprising destination information.    USE - For managing circulation of container of compost such as organic refuse, dung, residue, feces, urine, livestock excrement and sludges from restaurant, supermarket and residence, to be recycled for generating power to be supplied to cultivation facility of vegetable, flower and tree.    ADVANTAGE - Promotes recycling of compost and efficiently manages the circulation of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the container circulation management system communicating with cultivation and recycling plants. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cultivation plant (1)    recycling plant (2)    circulation system (3)    central management unit (4)
NOVELTY - The activated water contains (in mg/l) sodium ions (50-350), potassium ions (150-400), calcium ions (10-200), magnesium ions (10-100), chloride ions (100-350), phosphate ions (0.1-70) and ferrous ions (0.05-50) in one liter of water, and has alkalinities of 500-2000 mg/l.    USE - As liquid fertilizer for crops, drinking water of livestock, such as milk cow and pig, and for silage fermentation roughage.    ADVANTAGE - The activated water improves soil quality, promotes growth of crops, and restrains production of disease insects, such as fly. The activated water increases appetite of livestock, and decreases odor from excrements of livestock while cleaning and dispersion of livestock barn.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of the manufacturing apparatus of the activated water.    excrements separation tank (1)    culture tank (4)    fermentation tank (5)    ripening tank (7,8)    product tank (9,10)
NOVELTY - An organic-refuse processing apparatus has organic refuse processing unit, decompose treated substance recovery unit and deodorizing exhaust gas unit, is new. The stirring claws (23) are arranged at rotary shaft (21) installed at bottom of treatment tank (11), such that nails rotates without mutual interference.    USE - For processing organic-refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Enables are efficient stirring of organic refuse inside treatment tank and thereby improves the decomposition efficiently of organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of organic-refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (11)    Rotary shafts (21)    Stirring nail (23)    Protrusions (24).
NOVELTY - A thermostat (26) is mounted on a filter case (24), such that a hand reset button (26a) engages with an interlock piece (27a) at the upper filter case (27). The hand reset button switches to operation state for indicating clogging of filter (16), when the temperature of the filter reaches predetermined temperature.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus with deodorizing function.    ADVANTAGE - The clogging of filter is notified easily at the initial stage and driving state is stopped immediately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the principal portion of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    filter (16)    filter (24)    thermostat (26)    hand reset button (26a)    upper filter case (27)    interlock piece (27a)
NOVELTY - Producing ethanol from sewage sludge, comprising removing a portion of fiber from sedimentation basin sludge (B) by gravity separation, is new. The sludge (B) is obtained by biological treatment processing of organic wastewater such as sewage produced from plant, with activated sludge. The sludge (B) is subjected to saccharified processing and biological treatment. Ethanol (F) is distilled and obtained from the sewage sludge.    USE - For producing ethanol from sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The ethanol is produced efficiently by cost-effective method, using the heat produced during energy transformation of anaerobic sewage gas and dehydration cake incineration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the production of ethanol from sewage sludge.    Concentrator (1)    Incineration (6)    Screen (7)    Saccharified treatment tank (8)    Distillation tank (10)    Sedimentation basin sludge (B)    Ethanol (F).
NOVELTY - A selective oxidation unit (17) of a fuel treating equipment (1) ejects the fuel gas (8) which mutually and simultaneously exchanges heat with the water (7) from a preheater (2). A fuel cell (3) is arranged to generate electric power by electro-chemical reaction.    USE - For electric-power generation using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency. Enables to generate power reliably and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell electric-power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel treating equipment (1)    preheater (2)    fuel cell (3)    fuel gas (8)    selective oxidation unit (17)
NOVELTY - A measurement tank (16) has a micro-organism film (18) in an oxygen electrode (19). The testing water is changed into a saturated dissolved-oxygen state in an aeration water tank (27) and is preheated by a heating unit (23) before supplying into the measurement tank. The temperature difference between the water and the tank is regulated by controlling the heater using a control unit (24).    USE - For detecting abnormal quality of water such as river water, used in water purification plant.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of the air bubble by the temperature difference between testing water and the measurement tank, is prevented and thereby the adhesion of the air bubble to the micro-organism film is prevented. The reduction of the detection sensitivity is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A measurement tank (16) has a micro-organism film (18) in an oxygen electrode (19). The testing water is changed into a saturated dissolved-oxygen state in an aeration water tank (27) and is preheated by a heating unit (23) before supplying into the measurement tank. The temperature difference between the water and the tank is regulated by controlling the heater using a control unit (24). A warm water circulatory system circulates warm water between the aeration water tank and the measurement tank. The circulated warm water is heated by the heater. The mixing of the harmful substance in the water is detected based on the oxygen amount permeating inside the micro-organism film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the abnormal water-quality detection apparatus.    measurement tank (16)    micro-organism film (18)    oxygen electrode (19)    aeration water tank (17)    heating unit (23)    control unit (24)    aeration water tank (27)
NOVELTY - Carbonization of industrial waste is carried out in carbonization furnace (3) and carbide material of carbonization process is stored in stock tank (11). Carbide material from tank is then melted in melting furnace (4). Combustible gas from furnace is processed in combustion chamber (5), heat exchanger (7) and waste-gas processing unit (8). Heated air of heat exchanger is supplied to furnace and furnace is driven.    USE - For carbonizing waste material from industries e.g. rubbish and waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The continuous carbonization-processing unit performing the carbonization process is compact and has stable driving of carbonization furnace, even after shutdown of the melting furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat carbonization of industrial waste, such as rubbish and waste plastic is carried out in external heating rotation-type carbonization furnace (3) at low oxygen atmosphere. The carbide material of carbonization process is stored in a stock tank (11). The carbide material from tank is then melted in a melting furnace (4). The combustible gas from furnace is processed in combustion chamber (5), heat exchanger (7) and waste-gas processing unit (8). The heated air of the heat exchanger is supplied to the furnace and the furnace is driven. The combustible gas from furnace is sent back to combustion chamber for processing.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for continuous carbonization processing unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the continuous carbonization-processing unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbonization furnace (3)    Melting furnace (4)    Combustion chamber (5)    Heat exchanger (7)    Waste-gas processing unit (8)    Stock tank (11)
NOVELTY - A pressure container (3) sealed with hydrogen, is attached with hydrogen occlusion alloy (4) at its bottom surface. The pressure container is arranged at the upper surface of a water tank (2). When the hydrogen occlusion alloy temperature falls below a predetermined temperature, hydrogen is occluded and heat is generated in the alloy.    USE - Water tank system for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the water tank from damage due to freezing of the water, without ejecting the water outside    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the water tank system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (1)    water tank (2)    pressure container (3)    hydrogen occlusion alloy (4)
NOVELTY - Polymer film is immersed in supercritical carbon dioxide in which an organometallic compound is dissolved and film supporting organometallic compound is produced. Then, the organometallic compound is decomposed, and fine metal ultrafine particles or metal oxide ultrafine particles are produced in the film. Thus, a composite polymer film is produced.    USE - Gas separation membrane for hydrogen concentration apparatus (both claimed), fuel cell system and for deoxygenation in thermochemistry process.    ADVANTAGE - The gas separation membrane has excellent heat resistance, chemical resistance, weather resistance and improved gas selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) gas separation membrane; and    (2) hydrogen concentration apparatus.
NOVELTY - The fluid separation filter (1) has a membrane (3) containing siloxane bond in which hydrocarbon group is chemically bonded to two silicon atoms, on at least one portion of the surface of a porous support (2). The hydrocarbon group of the membrane touches the fluid.    USE - For plant separating fluid such as carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulfide and methane from petroleum or natural gas, alcohol dehydration plant, water treatment plant and desalination plant.    ADVANTAGE - The filter effectively separates the fluid and has excellent water resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of fluid separation filter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded sectional view of gas separation filter.    filter (1)    porous support (2)    separation membrane (3)    pore (4)    intermediate layer (5)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises palladium, chromium, manganese, molybdenum, tungsten and/or rhenium.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen by water gas shift reaction which is used for polymer electrolyte fuel cell system (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst uses inexpensive metal and has high catalytic activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus which performs water gas shift reaction of gas subjected to steam reforming, using the catalyst; and    (2) polymer electrolyte fuel cell system which uses the hydrogen produced using hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.
NOVELTY - A solid type composition (C1) for a biotic restoration of the contaminated soil, contains a slow-release nitrogen-containing fertilizer, protein and a binder.    USE - C1 is useful for biotic restoring of the contaminated soil, where the soil is contaminated by the pollutant chosen from straight mineral oil, animal and vegetable oils and a chlorine-containing organic compound (claimed). C1 is useful for purifying the soil contaminated with noxious chemical substances such as spilled oil, by biotic restoring method.    ADVANTAGE - C1 effectively purifies the soil contaminated with chemical substances such as spilled oil, from oil tanker, factory, gasoline station etc., by biotic restoring method. C1 effectively promotes the degradation of the pollutant in the contaminated soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for biotic restoring method of the contaminated soil, by dispersing C1 to contaminated soil, or dispersing C1 to contaminated soil along with the microorganisms having decomposability with respect to a pollutant.
NOVELTY - Sewage sludge is biologically treated to form surplus activated sludge (A) having microorganisms. An acid (B) is added to the sludge, and the pH is adjusted to less than 5. The obtained sludge is heated at 60 degreesC or more. The acid heat processed sludge (D) is subjected to anaerobic digestion process.    USE - For processing sludge such as sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The sludge is processed inexpensively in a short period of time. The usage amount of acid is reduced; thereby the processing cost of the sludge is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the processing of the sludge.    acid heating tank (1)    digesters (2,4)    solid liquid separation tank (3)    surplus sludge (A)    acid (B)    acid heat processing sludge (D)    organic acid (G)    methane gas (I)    digested sludge (J)    fuel oil (K)
NOVELTY - A microbe fixing support has a laminate (1) containing synthetic resin foam sheet (11) laminated on a water-soluble base material (12). The synthetic resin foam sheet in the support is either partially/fully cut or perforated and shaped.    USE - For removing microbes in drainage/sewage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The support has outstanding microbe retention property and durability. The support enables effective and rapid sedimentation and removal of microbes in underground water, conveyance water or storage water tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows general view and expanded view of roll-shaped microbe fixing support.    laminate (1)    roll-shaped support (10)    synthetic resin made foam sheet (11)    water-soluble base material (12)
NOVELTY - An automatic irrigation system aiming at preventing plant-soil disease, has a culture tank containing antagonistic microbes with respect to plant disease, numerous microbial sensors for measuring number of antagonistic microbes during irrigation and a controller for controlling addition of microbes from the culture tank according to the measured microbial count.    USE - For preventing plant-soil diseases, such as fusarium diseases, verticillium disease, wilt disease, crack disease, chlorosis, rot disease, leaf spot, light, drowny mildew, root rot, etc., in root top greening and fertilizer liquid cultivation systems.    ADVANTAGE - The system effectively protects plant from diseases for prolonged period and improves growth of plants. The system also suppresses disease in plants grown on artificial soil substrate.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell consists of gas passageway provided in gaseous diffusion layer (8) of current collection layer side, that has larger width than the width of gas passageway provided in gaseous diffusion layer in reaction layer side.    USE - Fuel cell such as solid polymer electrolyte-type fuel cell for use in motor vehicle (claimed), and electronic devices (claimed) such as mobile phone, personal handy phone system (PHS), notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable television and telephone, and other electronic devices having functions such as game function, data communication function, sound recording and reproducing function and dictionary function.    ADVANTAGE - The reactive gas diffusion efficiency and reaction efficiency are increased. The fuel cell is manufactured efficiently and rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell manufacturing method;    (2) electronic device; and    (3) motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of gaseous diffusion layer of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gaseous diffusion layer (8)    gas passageway width (A)
NOVELTY - The ejectors are used for applying gas passageway formation material (3b) on a substrate (2), in order to form gas passageway (3) through which reactive gas is supplied to form a reactive layer.    USE - For manufacturing fuel cell used as electric power source in motor vehicle and electronic device (claimed) such as mobile phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), personal handy-phone system (PHS), notebook type computer, portable television telephone apparatus, and also for electronic device with functions such as game function, data communication function, sound recording and reproduction function and dictionary function.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is manufactured rapidly at low cost, by forming gas passageway using ejectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electronic device; and    (2) motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view illustrating the gas passageway formation process.    substrate (2)    gas passageway (3)    gas passageway formation material (3b)
NOVELTY - The sensor has a high resistor (28) connected between the input terminals of the voltage detector (27) that detects the voltage applied between the electrodes (25a,25b) provided on solid electrolyte.    USE - Gas sensor for detecting leakage of carbon monoxide, methane, propane and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The gas detection can be performed reliably even in the presence of water vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of carbon monoxide sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heater (22)    electrodes (25a,25b)    voltage detector (27)    high resistor (28)
NOVELTY - A composting assembly is installed within a heat-insulated mobile container having standard dimensions and is charged from time to time with organic residues. The container is set up at sites for which local authority permission is given.    USE - Container mounted mobile composting assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The container can be exchanged at less frequent intervals than the existing arrangements for refuse collection, reducing costs of collection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The container has two composting chambers. Organic residues are introduced via an air-seal hatch. Alternatively, residues are introduced following processing in an associated sorting assembly which removes metal objects and pre-shreds organic resides. Alternatively, the full container is transported to the operator's own site, or the composting process takes place at the point of refuse origin e.g. farm or park. The container has a 380V/16 Ah electrical supply and is monitored and operated by remote radio control by a personal computer at the operator's site. The computer logs all relevant parameters and regulates the high temperature phase.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional side view of the container. Drawing includes non English-language text).    Composting chamber (1)    heat insulation (2)    mixer (3)    tank (4)    bio filter (5)    inlet hatch (6)    discharge hatch (7)
NOVELTY - A decoloring yeast to generate the Mn-dependent peroxidase used to decolor and degrade the industrial sewage generated by textile, printing and dyeing, and preparing dye is obtained from natural environment through selective culture. It includes Debaryomyces polymorphus (CGMCC No.0813) and candida tropicalis (CGMCC No.0814).
NOVELTY - A Penicillium sp. (CCTCC No.M203035) for generating the degradative enzyme of PVA with high output is selectively cultured from the textile sewage through shake-flask culture. Its advantage is high and stable activity to degrade polyvinylalcohol (PVA).    USE - The degradative enzyme is useful in degrading PVA.
NOVELTY - A swelling element which is arranged inside a container (15), is connected to a fluid introduction unit (19) and swells inside the container by absorbing the fluid.    USE - For fuel cells for portable compact electronic apparatus such as cellular phones, laptop, digital cameras, personal digital assistant (PDA) and electronic pocket diaries.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to flow out the fluid from the draining port irrespective of posture of fuel container. Enables to supply the fuel stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the fuel cell partially.    fuel container (7)    fuel (10)    container (15)    water introduction duct (16)    fluid introduction unit (19)
NOVELTY - The non-sludge high-speed drainage treatment system comprises a forceful oxidation-decomposition microbe cultivating unit, high concentration oxygen supplying unit, and a solid-liquid separation unit.    USE - For processing wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The non-sludge drainage treatment system decomposes organic matter in wastewater completely, and prevents formation of microbial-cells floc. The system has high capability, and removes nitrogen content and heavy metal and sterilizes water easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) wastewater treatment method; and    (2) sterilization method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of non-sludge high-speed drainage treatment system.    Wastewater (1)    Equalizing tank (3)    Neutralization tank (5)    Decomposition reaction tank (17)    Microorganism separation tank (19)
NOVELTY - A portable fuel processing apparatus comprises: (i) an enclosure having an outer wall defining an interior space and providing a gas impermeable barrier; (ii) a porting mechanism attached to the enclosure; and (iii) a fuel reformer disposed within the interior space of the enclosure for converting a reformer fuel to a hydrogen-rich reformate gas.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon-based fuels into a hydrogen-enriched reformate for use by fuel cells or other devices requiring hydrogen-rich feed streams    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is able to deliver higher power outputs with greater flexibility. It is easily portable and can reliably provide larger qualities of fuel cell quality reformate for extended periods of operation. It may be easily transported and installed at a desired location.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of installing a fuel processor, comprising:    (a) moving a gas impermeable enclosure to a desired location, where the enclosure houses the fuel processor;    (b) connecting a source of water to the enclosure;    (c) connecting a source of reformer fuel to the enclosure; and    (d) connecting a fuel cell to the enclosure.
NOVELTY - The system signal and concentration signal are generated corresponding to the electro-chemical cell system condition and hydrogen concentration level, respectively. The operating condition of the hydrogen sensor, is indicated based on the generated signals.    USE - For monitoring operating condition of hydrogen sensor used in regenerative electro-chemical cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The operating condition of the hydrogen sensor is monitor efficiently. Thus, explosive condition is avoided without using redundant sensors, and reliable operation of the electro-chemical cell system is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electro-chemical cell system; and    (2) monitoring system of electro-chemical cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the regenerative electro-chemical cell system.    hydrogen storage device (26)    electrolysis module (41)    fuel cell module (42)    water storage devices (52,54)
NOVELTY - Production of borohydride compounds involves reacting methane with (pseudo)alkali or ammonium compound followed by reduction with hydrogen; reaction with boron-containing species; and reduction with diborane.    USE - For production of borohydride compounds (claimed) useful as fuel (e.g. anodic fuel in a fuel cell) or as a hydrogen storage medium, and in transportation industry.    ADVANTAGE - The process is an improved and energy efficient industrial scale manufacturing process for preparation of borohydride compounds. The process removes large energy cost in borohydride production; and allows recycle of excess reagents and byproducts produced within the process in order to provide greater efficiency in the production of sodium borohydride.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production (P1) of borohydride compounds (I) involves:    (a) reacting methane with Y-containing species of formula Y2O to form Y, carbon monoxide and hydrogen;    (b) reacting the Y with hydrogen to obtain YH;    (c) reacting a boron-containing species of formula BX3 with YH to form YHBX3;    (d) separately reacting BX3 with hydrogen to obtain B2H6 and HX; and    (e) reacting YHBX3 with B2H6 to obtain YBH4 and BX3.    Y = alkali metals, pseudo-alkali, ammonium ion or quaternary amine of formula NR4+;    R = H or straight or branched 1-4C alkyl;    X = halide, alcohol, alkoxide, chalcogen or chalcogenide.
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte comprises a complex compound containing polyvinyl alcohol, water, and inorganic compound(s), e.g. silicic acid compound, tungstic acid compound, molybdic acid compound, stannic acid compound, or zirconic acid compound. The solid electrolyte is produced by replacing part or all of the hydroxyl groups of a polyvinyl alcohol domain to groups each having a water absorption less than that of the hydroxyl group.    USE - Used in electrochemical systems, e.g. fuel cells, steam pumps, dehumidifiers, air conditioners, electrochromic devices, electrolytic devices, electrolytic hydrogen-producing devices, electrolytic hydrogen-peroxide-producing apparatus, electrolyzed water-producing apparatus, humidity sensors, hydrogen sensors, primary batteries, secondary batteries, optical switch systems, new battery systems using multivalent metal, or fuel cells of direct methanol type (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte has high ion conductivity and exhibits low swelling and low strength reduction even if it is positioned in the wet condition.
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system comprises a water gas shift reaction section including a reactor with a high activity catalyst for reducing the concentration of carbon monoxide in the reformate to a relatively low level, to relatively reduce the structural volume of the fuel processing system.    USE - For a fuel cell power plant (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The high activity catalyst in the low-temperature WGS reactor reduces the concentration of CO in the reformate to at most 2000 ppmv. The use of this catalyst requires only a low-temperature PROX reactor for preferential oxidation in the fuel processing system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel processing system, for a fuel cell power plant, including a fuel cell stack assembly (CSA) includes at least a water gas shift reaction section (WGS) for receiving hydrocarbon reformate containing carbon monoxide (CO) and reducing the concentration of CO in the reformate via the shift reaction; and at least a preferential oxidation section (PROX) for further reducing the concentration of CO in the reformate to a concentration acceptable for operating the CSA. The WGS section includes a reactor with a high activity catalyst for reducing the concentration of CO in the reformate to a relatively low level to relatively reduce the structural volume of the fuel processing system.
NOVELTY - The production of coal from crude drugs and hardwood charcoal allows the recycling of waste materials and benefits human health due to far infrared rays radiated from yellow earth.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Coal made from crude drugs and hardwood charcoal (5) is molded by placing hardwood charcoal powder (1), Chinese herb medicine crude drugs powder (2) and yellow earth powder (3) in an extruder (4) with mixing them with stirring.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method for producing a fertilizer(compost) by fermenting organic wastes(food+animal wastes) by using coco peat, molasses(CMS), and charcoal, which removes a smell and microorganisms, keeps nourishment of the soil for a long time, and increases water keepability of the soil, a fertilizer keepability, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of: mixing a water controller like the coco peat and enough fermenting microorganisms; mixing the mixture with the wastes and controlling to have the proper moisture content rate and then stacking; stirring the stacked wastes from time to time and blowing air by force to increase the temperature of the waste stack rapidly; removing moisture from the waste stack after finishing the fermentation and dropping the temperature of the waste stack.
NOVELTY - A microorganism converting waste glycerol into 1,3-propanediol and a method for producing 1,3-propanediol using the same are provided, thereby producing no by-products(2,3-butanediol), effectively treating waste glycerol which is produced by purification of glycerol and contains a great quantity of inorganic materials and lower fatty acid, and cheaply producing 1,3-propanediol.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microorganism converting waste glycerol into 1,3-propanediol is Klebsiella pneumoniae M41(KCTC 10328BP), wherein Klebsiella pneumoniae M41(KCTC 10328BP) is isolated from the glycerol distillation device. The method for producing 1,3-propanediol comprises the steps of: diluting waste glycerol; inoculating Klebsiella pneumoniae M41(KCTC 10328BP) into the diluted waste glycerol; culturing the microorganism under anaerobic condition; and extracting 1,3-propanediol from the cultured medium.
NOVELTY - A separating panel having a gas flow channel with uneven structure for a fuel cell is provided to minimize the gradient in gas concentration in the gas flow channel, and remarkably reduce the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the gas flow channel, thereby helping to easily drain the water in the channel, to diffuse the gas into the electrode. The separating panel also has improved efficiency without requiring additional manifolds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separating panel(11) made of an electroconductive material comprises a plurality of gas flow channels as one group, which are symmetrically positioned having the center of the separating panel as the axis, wherein the gas flow channel is formed to have repetitively protruded-and-receded uneven patterns(13) to each horizontal and vertical axis(15) of the separating panel, and the plurality of gas flow channels are converged, at each end of the inlet and outlet, into one channel being connected to one manifold(14).
NOVELTY - A detector (20) detects the water level of the modified water filled in modifier water tank (17). A control unit (5) adjusts water quantity supplied to modification portion from the modifier water tank, based on the calculated variation of water level for preset time.    USE - Modifier for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The water quantity supplied to the modification portion is adjusted to desired value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel cell.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Control unit (5)    Water tank (17)    Detector (20)    Water pump (18)
NOVELTY - A fuel gas flow path (10) is formed at the circumference of a modification chamber (7) having several reactive gas flow paths. A combustion chamber (8) provided at bottom of the modification chamber comprises heater which heats the supplied fuel gas. The modification chamber has several, parallel fins extended in front and back direction. .    USE - For modification of hydrogen fuel gas which is used as fuel of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the combustion chamber is provided with heater, fuel gas is preheated. Therefore, combustion of fuel gas is effective, before passage into the modification chamber. Therefore, heater at the exterior of the modifier is avoided. Since the fuel gas flow path is formed at the circumference of the modification chamber, Heating surface of the heater is controlled easily. Due to the partition valve and the fins, the heat transfer of the combustion chamber to the reactive gas flow path is enabled uniformly and channeling of the fuel gas is reduced. Due to the hydrogen permeable film, hydrogen gas of optimum energy can be obtained even if low reaction temperature exists in modification chamber. Provides simple structure modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel gas is guided into the modification chamber by the fins so as to mix with reactive gas and to form reformed gas which passes through the exit of the chamber (7). The modification and the combustion chamber are divided by partition wall (9). A previous chamber with hydrogen permeable film is held at the side of the modification chamber through the partition wall. The hydrogen gas flowing into the modification chamber passes through the hydrogen permeation film before entering into the previous chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view and sectional views of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification chamber (7)    combustion chamber (8)    partition valve (9)    fuel gas flow path (10)    side wall (16)
NOVELTY - A pressurized surface (4a) of a plate (4) which touches combustible organic matter (7) is heated by a heater (6). The combustible organic matter is compressed in a carbonization tank (3), using the plate. The combustible organic matter is then carbonized by heating via the pressurized surface of the plate.    USE - Used for carbonizing combustible organic matter, such as organic refuse, and utilizing the obtained carbonized material for water-type modifiers and soil modifiers.    ADVANTAGE - Carbonization enables favorable conduction of heat to the combustible organic matter, and decreases the processing energy required. Since the combustible organic matter is carbonized in solid state, handling is eased. The need for a separate compressing device is eliminated, which simplifies the carbonization apparatus. The contact area of organic matter and plate is raised. The moisture content pressed out from the organic matter by compression, is easily and efficiently removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a carbonization apparatus (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of the carbonization apparatus.    carbonization apparatus (1)    carbonization tank (3)    plate (4)    pressurized surface (4a)    heater (6)    organic combustible matter (7)
NOVELTY - Waste material (M) is inserted into thermal decomposition furnaces (22,23), and furnace pressures are detected. Water vapor is fed to low-pressure furnace, and pressure difference between furnaces is reduced. Material (M) is thermally decomposed, and thermal decomposition gas (G) and residue (37) are produced. Water vapor, tar of gas (G) and oxygen-containing gas, are reacted in reformer (30). Light oil is changed into reformed gas.    USE - For converting combustible waste material such as municipal solid waste, shredder dust, waste wire, and plastic waste, into reformed gas used as fuel gas, and thermal decomposition residue such as slag used for road surfacing material.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material is efficiently converted into reformed gas using a simple apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The combustible waste material is inserted into rotary-kiln-type thermal decomposition furnaces (22,23). The furnace pressure of each furnace is detected. Water vapor is introduced to the furnace of low pressure, and pressure difference between the furnaces is reduced. The waste material is thermally decomposed, and thermal decomposition gas and thermal decomposition residue (37), are produced. A portion of tar contained in thermally decomposed gas, water vapor and oxygen-containing gas are reacted within a reformer, and light oil is converted into a reformed gas. Thus, the waste material is processed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus of waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of processing apparatus of waste material.    Waste material charging equipment (20)    Rotary-kiln-type thermal decomposition furnaces (22,23)    Furnace pressure detector (25)    Reformer (30)    Thermal decomposition residue (37)
NOVELTY - Biological processing of organic wastewater (1) comprises subjected the wastewater to biological treatment in a treatment tank (2A). Microorganisms other than Bacillus subtilis are selectively eliminated from sludge so that Bacillus subtilis is the dominant organism in the tank.    USE - For processing organic wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the quality of treated water, reduces surplus sludge and suppresses bad smell. The method enables easy maintenance and reduces running cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process drawing of organic wastewater processing method.    organic wastewater (1)    biological treatment tank (2A)    solid-liquid separator (3)    treated water (4)    surplus sludge (6)
NOVELTY - Deodorizing apparatus, for an organic refuse disposer, has bamboo charcoal powder (9) impregnated with bamboo acid liquid in a deodorizing box (8), ventilating fan (7) attached to the upper portion of a treatment tank (1), and a flue (12) connected to the exhaust port (6) of a fan through a deodorizing box. Wood chips (17), in which microorganisms are planted, are accommodated in the treatment tank. The organic refuse is decomposed by the microorganisms.    USE - The apparatus is useful for fermentation-decomposition of organic refuse, such as waste vegetables and leftover food generated from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The novel deodorizing apparatus has simple structure and is inexpensive. The consumption of bamboo charcoal powder is economical, and adsorbs odor in organic refuse disposer. The wood chips are spread in the soil as fertilizer for plant growth.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above deodorizing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Exhaust port (6)    Ventilating fan (7)    Veodorizing box (8)    Bamboo charcoal powder (9)    Flue (12)    Woodchips (17)
NOVELTY - The warming-up system has a catalyst (7) arranged at air supply system (3) which supplies air (A) to air flow path of fuel cell (1). A hydrogen supply system (2) which supplies hydrogen to fuel path of fuel cell, supplies hydrogen to upstream side of the catalyst.    USE - For warming-up of fuel cell used in electric vehicle and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The warming-up of fuel cell is performed within a short time, without waiting for the increase in the cooling-water temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell warming-up system.    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen supply system (2)    air supply system (3)    catalyst (7)    temperature sensors (10,11)
NOVELTY - The liquid-fuel holder (19) comprises ceramic material consisting of cordierite as main component. The holder has porosity in the range of 20-95% and mean pore diameter in the range of 0.5-400 mum.    USE - For holding liquid-fuel such as methanol in fuel cell (claimed) for portable device e.g. mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - Enables retaining the liquid fuel stably, without generation of cracks due to thermal-expansion mismatch in the holder, hence allows for continuous power generation over longer period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel tank (17)    liquid-fuel (18)    liquid-fuel holder (19)    fuel cell housing (20)
NOVELTY - Waste plastic containing chloroethylene is used as raw material (14), heated and thermally decomposed to obtain reclaimed oil. Stirring temperature rise is performed by adding slaked lime powder (13) to raw material in amount of 0.7 times of more of mixing rate of chloroethylene. Time taken from melting initial temperature of chloroethylene to decomposition completion temperature of molten chloroethylene is 40 minutes or more.    USE - For oil-formation from waste plastic, such as plastic garbage ejected from home and factories.    ADVANTAGE - The oil is efficiently formed from waste plastic using decomposition tank having favorable heating efficiency. The production of scale and sediments in bottom surface of decomposition tank is suppressed. The decomposition tank simply pulverizes and ejects residue.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste plastic containing chloroethylene is used as raw material. The raw material is heated and thermally decomposed to obtain a reclaimed oil. The stirring temperature rise is carried out by adding slaked lime powder to raw material in an amount of 0.7 times of more (preferably 1 time or more) of mixing rate of chloroethylene. The time taken from melting initial temperature of chloroethylene to decomposition completion temperature of molten chloroethylene is 40 minutes or more, preferably 60 minutes or more.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) oil-formation apparatus of waste plastic; and    (2) decomposition tank (10) of waste plastic oil-formation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of waste plastic oil-formation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cooling unit of cracked gas (4)    recovering unit (5)    decomposition tank (10)    stirring unit of decomposition tank (11)    heating unit (12)    slaked lime powder (13)    waste plastic raw material (14)    storage tank for reclaimed oil (15)
NOVELTY - A soil improvement agent comprising a soil microbe proliferation agent containing maleic acid and citric acid as a main component, soil conditioner and ground solidification improvement agent, is new.    USE - The soil improvement agent is used as liquid or powder (claimed) for preventing soil disease.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the effect of a fertilizer and raises the activity of a plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) soil improvement method which involves mixing soil and soil microbe proliferation agent having maleic acid and citric acid as a main component, sterilizing the filamentous fungi in an acid with strong acid of the agent, distributing the above agent to the soil, increasing useful microorganisms such as Actinomyces and decreasing soil disease; and    (2) an improvement ground having water permeability and strength which is obtained by subjecting the soil containing soil microbe proliferation agent to the pressurization compaction process and solidifying.
NOVELTY - A polystyrene is thermally decomposed with a thermal decomposition apparatus (1) in absence of oxygen. The effluent from an outlet (7) of the apparatus (1) is cooled in a cooler (21) and conveyed to piping (f) of another installation. The cooler is connected to the outlet via a short tube (b) or a connection. The inside temperature of the piping (f) is maintained far from the thermal decomposition temperature of polystyrene.    USE - For thermally decomposing polystyrene as fuel and chemical material.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal decomposition method suppresses the generation of byproduct. The adhesion of carbonized material and the contaminant in the inner wall of piping is effectively suppressed. The piping has improved durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thermal decomposition system, which has the thermal decomposition apparatus, the piping, the outlet, the cooler and the short tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows process flow of thermal decomposition system.    thermal decomposition apparatus (1)    outlet (7)    cooler (21)    internal gas channel of cooler (22)    cooler inlet portion (23)    cooler exit portion (24)    short tube (b)    piping (f)
NOVELTY - A touch display panel (20a) provided in a computer (20), displays the operation state of the fuel feeders (161-16n). When a fuel requirement signal is supplied from the fuel feeder, the computer transmits supply enable signal when person in-charge operates permitted button after referring the situation around the requested fuel feeder as displayed in a surveillance monitor (36).    USE - For supplying fuel to fuel-cell vehicle, liquid petroleum gas (LPG) vehicle and compressed natural gas (CNG) vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the operability of the automated fuel supply system, and reduces the wait time of the customer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel feeders (161-16n)    computer (20)    touch display panel (20a)    surveillance monitor (36)
NOVELTY - The procedure for eliminating liquid waste and leachate by evaporation-condensation, in which the liquid is vaporized in a heater, the vapours being condensed and evaporated and the solids evaporated, uses electrical energy produced by generators driven by motors fed by part of the biogas produced naturally by liquid effluent, leachate, or organic and vegetable waste stored prior to treatment. The coolant water and exhaust gases from the motors are used to pre-heat the liquid effluent or leachate before they go into the heater, using a suitable heat exchanger. Part of the energy generated from the biogas is used to operate other components of the treatment plant, such as fans, pumps and control systems, the biogas being dehydrated prior to use to enhance its performance.    USE - Treatment of liquid effluents and leachate from domestic and industrial waste, drains and farmyard manure.    ADVANTAGE - The treatment procedure is more efficient and independent, avoiding the need for connection to a power supply.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a gas generation system (12) for generating a hydrogen-containing gas mixture, a fuel cell (14), a catalytic burner (24), a heat exchanger arrangement (28,30) for transferring heat generated in the catalytic to a thermal bearer medium, a fuel-powered burner (24) and a heat exchanger arrangement for transferring heat generated in the burner to a thermal bearer medium.    USE - E.g. for generating electricity in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The different system areas necessary for starting the system can be reliably heated with a simple configuration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for:    (a) a burner arrangement for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram representation of an inventive fuel cell system    gas generation system (12)    fuel cell (14)    catalytic burner (24)    heat exchanger arrangement (28,30)    fuel-powered burner (24)
NOVELTY - Bio-heating installation comprises a container with an insulation for filling with biomass and a unit for removing bio-heat for filling a heating water and plant water storage unit.    USE - Used as a bio-heating installation.    ADVANTAGE - The installation utilizes horse, cow and chicken manure.
NOVELTY - The arrangement provides a reagent, especially based on hydrogen, to be reduced to the anode region (2) of a fuel cell and has an arrangement for discharging a medium from the anode region and an arrangement for introducing an oxidation medium into the anode region in the form of a passive valve device (5). The at least one passive device is in the form of an opening.    USE - For providing reagent to be reduced to anode region of PEM fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, enabling simple, robust and inexpensive operation and requiring little space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (a) a method of operating an inventive arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive arrangement for providing reagent to be reduced to the anode region of a fuel cell    fuel cell (1)    anode chamber (2)    cathode chamber (3)    proton conductive membrane (4)    valve (5)
NOVELTY - The process includes separating, grinding, drying and pyrolyzing municipal refuse and the solid fuel produced can be used for various occasions. The outer shape of the solid fuel produced from municipal refuse is very much like coal so it can be used in a heat supply center to provide heat or in cement plant for producing cement product.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing ethane from coal includes high-temp high-pressure evaporizing of water, reacting of water vapor on coal to generate peat, low-temp low-pressure evaporating of water, mixing the water vapor with peat to obtain a gas-liquid mixture, separating to obtain ethene, O2 and glucose, converting glucose to alcohol and then to ethene, and addition reacting to obtain ethane.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to microbial fermentation technology, and is especially a kind of compound microbial fermentation preparation and its preparation process and application in treating solid waste produced in raising farm animal. The compound microbial fermentation preparation includes seven kinds of microbes of bacillus, non-spore bearing bacillus, saccharomycete, actinomycete, photosynthetic bacterium, mycelial fungus and lactobacillus; and its preparation process includes primary seed culture, secondary proliferation culture and mixing the single solid fermented microbial preparations in certain proportion. The compound microbial fermentation preparation together with some supplementary material may be added into dewatered animal feces for solid fermentation to produce activemicrobial fermented product.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses the production process of compost of bird and animal feces. The compost is suitable for vegetable, aquatic culture, etc. and the production process has no bad smell produced, no drainage and no pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The production process includes spreading some attaching degradable matter, such as wood dust, tea residue, coconut leftover, etc. in animal yard for natural mixing to bird and animal feces via animal's moving; spraying inducing matter to create optimal environment for beneficial bacteria to propagate and low temperature fermentation; and drying the organic fertilizer in the air in seven days, sieving, crushing, pelletizing and packing.
NOVELTY - An agent for decompose-treating excrement, comprises bromelain enzyme extracted from pineapple, yeast for promoting the catalytic function of the enzyme and an aqueous solution of citric acid, which promotes the catalytic function to activate the microorganism in the excrements.    USE - For decomposing excrements of livestock or human such as feces/urine.    ADVANTAGE - The decompose-treatment agent is easily and uniformly supplied into the water tank. The microorganism in the excrement is activated efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decompose-treatment method of excrements, which involves storing the excrements of livestock or human in a mixed stock solution tank (1), mixing the decompose-treating agent in the tank, adding aqueous citric acid solution, activating the microorganism in the excrements, passing the excrements through treatment tanks (2-7), decomposing the organic compound in the excrement by the microorganism and purifying the water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing decompose-treatment method of excrements in the treatment tank by the activation of microorganisms. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stock solution tank (1)    Anaerobic tank (2-4 and 6)    Aerobic tank (5 and 7)    Agitator (8)    Blower (9)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen comprises a reforming process where a copper/copper oxide and zirconium oxide containing catalyst prepared by a templating technique is used.    USE - For production of hydrogen useful for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The method shows superior properties, stability in time on stream against the temperature and less formation of carbon monoxide in comparison to the commercial catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for copper/copper oxide (Cu/CuO) and zirconium oxide (ZrO2) containing catalyst prepared by a templating technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an X-ray diffraction pattern of a calcined catalyst precursor (copper oxide/zirconium oxide) mixed with 50 wt.% corundum as internal standard.
NOVELTY - The pump has movable structure (120) that imparts motion to fluid in fluid chamber (148). A drive hub (132) connected to drive shaft (130) which is connected to movable structure, moves the drive shaft linearly. A shape memory actuator rotates the drive hub in counter clockwise direction, when the actuator is energized.    USE - For driving fluid in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables to overcome biasing force of spring by rotating drive hub in counter clockwise direction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) pump operation method; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a sectional view of the pump.    movable structure (120)    rotatable structure (122)    drive shaft (130)    drive hub (132)    fluid chamber (148)
NOVELTY - The blower (10a) has a drive unit (12) separated from a compressor unit (14) by a neutral chamber (16). The drive unit includes a drive shaft, which extends between the drive unit and the compressor unit to selectively drive the compressor. The shaft fixedly supports a series of fan blades such that rotation of the shaft imparts a pressure on the neutral chamber to seal the drive unit from the compressor unit.    USE - Used in a fuel cell system or in a hydrogen storage application such as at a hydrogen station to supply a steam of compressed hydrogen to a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The neutral chamber effectively seals the drive unit from the compression unit, thus avoiding the loss of hydrogen between the compression and drive units, which helps in improving the blower efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of preventing hydrogen from entering a motor chamber from a hydrogen blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a more detailed exploded perspective view of components of a hydrogen blower.    Hydrogen blower (10a)    Drive unit (12)    Compressor unit (14)    Neutral chamber (16)    Motor (20)
NOVELTY - The catalyst consists of a monolith support, a high surface area alumina, tin oxide and at least one noble metal chosen from palladium, platinum and/or rhodium.    USE - For low temperature catalytic oxidation of methane in presence of hydrogen and water.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high durability. The catalyst has low light-off temperature for methane, and is stable under fuel-lean conditions. The monolith support of the catalyst can be any form of monolith. The alumina contained in the catalyst, has high thermal stability and high surface area. The catalyst has relatively high level of methane conversion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alumina is gamma-alumina and/or modified alumina. The tin oxide is fine mesh powder. The support is chosen from ceramic honeycomb and/or metallic honeycomb.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for catalysts for the low temperature catalytic oxidation of methane in the presence of hydrogen and water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphical representation of methane conversion versus temperature for catalyst prepared with tin oxide containing alumina carrier, and catalyst prepared with conventional alumina carrier.
NOVELTY - The bipolar plate (31) has a reaction plate (37) formed protruding a predetermined height above the bipolar plate with a predetermined gap from an edge of the bipolar plate. The reaction plate has a flow field (33) having a rib (33b) acting as a barrier between channels through which a fuel or an oxidant flows. The channels (33a) are formed to a predetermined depth in the reaction plate, where the field has three channels.    USE - Used in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The channels of the flow field have a wider width than the rib, thus the flow field allows smoother fluid flow having channels and a rib that are equal in width.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell comprising a bipolar plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a bipolar plate.    Bipolar plate (31)    Flow field (33)    Channels (33a)    Rib (33b)    Reaction plate (37)
NOVELTY - A composting composition comprises a mixture of 5-90% of animal urine mixed in chopped agricultural waste, is new.    USE - As vermicomposting composition of earthworms e.g. Perionyx excavatus, Eisenia fetida, Eudrilus eugeniae or Eisenia andrie (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Addition of cattle's urine results in faster multiplication of worms, shorter composting period, accelerated pace of composting in slow-degrading substrates and high-quality vermicompost from the wheat straw and distillation waste of lemongrass. The composition has superior quality and rich in organic carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium. The waste materials, which are not as such preferred by earthworms are converted into transformed substrates, which is suitably used by earthworms for composting. The compost produced by using cattle's urine is rich in microbes particularly actinomycetes and such compost is useful in combating plant diseases. Vermicompost produced by the use of cattle's urine improved the growth of plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vermicomposting method, which involves drying and chopping of agricultural waste, treating with 5-90% of animal urine, transferring the treated chopped agricultural waste to containers containing earthworms, maintaining the moistness using water, and harvesting the compost and separating the earthworms.
NOVELTY - Digestion of biological wastes involves adding a blend of microbes to a primary lagoon (104) containing the waste followed by aerating the lagoons with several aerators (106) located at the bottom of the lagoon where the aerator produces a laminar column of bubbles. The microbes include Bacillus, Saccharomyces or Thiobacillus.    USE - For digestion of biological wastes (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A substantially less amount of energy is required to decompose solid biological wastes than with existing systems, due to the laminar flow diffusers, the large degree of circulation and the selection of specific microbes. Further it has the ability to completely decompose solid wastes to the point that solid waste build up in the lagoons is virtually eliminated. Any solids left in the effluent after processing are held in suspension and deliver nutrients when used as fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Digestion of biological wastes involves adding a blend of microbes to a primary lagoon (104) containing the waste followed by aerating the lagoons with several aerators (106) located at the bottom of the lagoon where the aerator produces a laminar column of bubbles. The microbes include Bacillus, Saccharomyces or Thiobacillus. The aerators are supplied by a compressed air supply (110) enriched with ozone and oxygen. The contents from the primary lagoon are transferred into a secondary lagoon (114). Circulation of water is caused by circulators (112, 118) placed in the lagoon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an illustration of a two-lagoon digestion system.    two-lagoon digestion system (100)    primary lagoon (104)    aerators (106, 116)    manifold (108)    air supply (110)    circulators (112, 118)    secondary lagoon . (114)
NOVELTY - Separating apparatus comprises a housing defining a frustoconical inner chamber, and a spinning assembly (704) with a hollow interior. The spinning assembly defines an annular gap with the chamber inner wall. It has hollow interior that communicates with the second outlet and with the annular gap for flow of fluid materials from the gap into the interior and out of the second outlet in response to rotation of the spinning assembly.    USE - For separating particulates from a fluid in a suspension, such as municipal sewage sludge. It is useful in preparing organic and inorganic waste, such as municipal sewage sludge, for processing in multi-stage process that converts the sludge to useful materials including gas, oil, specialty chemicals (such as fatty acids), fertilizer, and carbon solids.    ADVANTAGE - The novel apparatus is capable of providing useful materials in reliable purities and compositions at acceptable capital and operational cost without producing malodorous emissions, and with high-energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Separating apparatus comprises: a housing defining a frusto-conically shaped inner chamber (706) with an inner wall, an inlet and a first outlet communicating with the chamber, and a second outlet; and a spinning assembly with a hollow interior in the chamber, the assembly being shaped to define an annular gap with the chamber inner wall, the hollow interior communicating with the second outlet, and the hollow interior communicating with the annular gap for flow of fluid materials from the gap into the interior and out of the second outlet in response to rotation of the spinning assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above apparatus for separating fine suspended solids from a fluid.    Separator (700)    Spinning assembly (704)    Inner chamber (706)    Spindle (726)    Spindle outlet (734)
NOVELTY - A biochemical oxidation system comprises a series of hydraulically coupled covered tanks and least one up-pumping surface aerator installed within the tanks comprising several blades attached to bottom surface of planar mounting member and mountable on a shaft for rotation about the axis. The blades comprise an upper generally vertical section and a lower inclined non-vertical section that extends downwardly and outwardly in the direction of rotation.    USE - For removal of insoluble sulfides from metal ores and in the aeration of sewage and other wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides more liquid pumping and the spraying of more liquid per unit of horsepower, higher oxygen transfer energy efficiency, better overall tank mixing and higher tank bottom velocities for improved biomass solids suspension, and operates at higher speed and lower torque which reduces the equipment cost (gear reducer). The aeration impeller enhances turbulence and gas entrainment for a liquid-based biochemical oxidation system at the liquid surface created by the liquid spray of a surface aeration system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a biochemical oxygenation system with impeller.    biochemical oxidation system (20)    hydraulically coupled tanks (22, 24, 26)    liquid slurry (33)    liquid biochemical oxidation medium (35)    liquid mixture (36)    aeration chamber (46)    surface aerator. (52, 54, 56)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas is produced from a mixture having hydrogen gas by generating hydrogen gas in a reaction zone in the presence of other gas(es), liquids, or supercritical fluids, to form a mixture having hydrogen gas; and separating some of the hydrogen gas from the mixture in a separation zone having selective hydrogen permeability. The separated hydrogen gas is substantially pure.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas from a mixture having hydrogen gas, e.g. for use as fuel in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method eliminates the need to separate the gas at low pressures, and subsequently compresses, transports, or stores high-pressure hydrogen between generation and separation. It provides a substantially pure hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a generation system for the generation of pure hydrogen gas comprising a source that generates a mixture of hydrogen gas and other gas, liquid, or supercritical fluid; and a separation mechanism having selectively hydrogen-permeable sieve that is contacted with mixture on its upstream side, to yield a pure hydrogen gas on its downstream side.
NOVELTY - Ceramic matrix composite (CMC) fiber is coated by passing the fiber through a reaction zone along a path parallel to a longitudinal axis of the zone, passing a flow of fiber coating reactant through the reaction zone, and disrupting a portion of the flow of reactant from a path parallel to the fiber path to create a mixing flow adjacent the fiber.    USE - For coating a CMC fiber.    ADVANTAGE - The invention improves the uniform coating of CMC fibers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a coating reactor (30) comprising reactor chamber (32) to accommodate a fiber passing along a path parallel to a longitudinal axis of the chamber and a flow of fiber coating reactant, and flow disrupter (50) located in the reactor chamber to disrupt a portion of the flow of reactant from a path parallel to the fiber path to create a mixing flow adjacent the fiber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of a reactor.    Coating reactor (30)    Reactor chamber (32)    First seal (34)    Second seal (36)    Reactant injection inlets (38)    Flow disrupter (50)
NOVELTY - The method involves feeding 4.5-5.5 moles of methane for each mole of oxygen in oxygen containing gas and feeding 1.8-2.2 moles of water for each mole of methane, to a fuel processor assembly which is maintained at a temperature in a range of about 600-1100degreesC and pressure of about 10-70 pounds/square inch for 0.1-50 seconds for producing hydrogen containing gas.    USE - For producing hydrogen in fuel processor assembly.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to control the pressure of fuel processor assembly and to maintain the gases within the fuel processor assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel processing assembly.    ports (1072,1082)    fuel processor assembly (1078)    heat exchanging coil (1080)    heat exchanger (1088)
NOVELTY - Wood-cement composition involving use of manure as animal-origin substrate containing microorganisms capable of rapidly destroying both mono- and oligo- and polysaccharides of the hemicellulose type, which would result in removal undesirable carbohydrates, so called cement poisons, from wood filler.    USE - Manufacture of building materials.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced process efficiency. 1 tbl    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing wood-cement composition comprises preliminary treatment of wood filler with microorganisms, preparation of raw meal composed of cement, wood filler, water, and hardening accelerator (calcium chloride), compaction, hardening, and preliminary treatment of wood filler are carried out by way of biofermentation by microorganisms contained in manure, whose content in its mixture with wood filler should be 30-50 wt %, whereas water in amount 50-70 % is added to wood filler-manure mixture. Fermentation process is carried out at 40-42 degrees C for 80 - 120 hours.
NOVELTY - Pyrolysis gas piping (2) is formed of a double-walled tube (2a). A spiral-type heating gas passage (22) is formed in the periphery of a pyrolysis gas supply pipe (21), to pass combustion exhaust gas of fuel. A carbon monoxide sensor is arranged near the end of the gas passage.    USE - Used for supplying pyrolysis gas from a thermal decomposition furnace used for treating organic waste, to a reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The aggregation of tar in the pyrolysis gas piping is prevented by passing combustion exhaust gas into the heating gas passage, without using an electric heater, and occlusion of the gas piping is prevented. Simple detection of the leakage of the pyrolysis gas is enabled using the carbon monoxide sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the pyrolysis gas piping.    Pyrolysis gas piping (2)    Double-wall tube (2a)    Pyrolysis gas supply pipe (21)    Heating gas passage (22)
NOVELTY - A timber waste material (5) is carbonized in a treatment tower (1) using superheated steam of 400-550 degrees C, and unburned baking gas (15) is produced during carbonization. A new timber waste material (16) is supplied in the region (B) of tower having temperature of 250-400 degrees C in vapor atmosphere, chemical change of carbon monoxide present in the gas (15) is performed, and methane is produced.    USE - For modifying unburned baking gas produced during charcoal production, and producing methane for use as an energy source.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method decreases the content of carbon monoxide in unburned baking gas, and produces methane efficiently in an eco-friendly manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above superheated steam thermal decomposition processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tower (1)    Timber waste material (5)    Insertion opening (7)    Unburned baking gas (15)    New timber waste material (16)    Gas cooling method region (B)
NOVELTY - A fermentation accelerator containing a medium material and organic waste is mixed with another organic waste, fermentation is promoted and manure is obtained.    USE - For regenerating organic waste from office and home.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste from livestock excrements, agricultural product residue and organic waste from kitchen is effectively regenerated as manure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual diagram of regeneration process of organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon is supplied from front-stage inlet portion (9) of catalyst bed (A). Catalyst bed has partial oxidation reaction catalyst (2) in front-stage, preliminary modification catalyst (3) in middle-stage, water-vapor modification catalyst (4) in later-stage, and burner (6) in later-stage exit portion (5). The mixture of oxygen-containing gas, hydrocarbon and water-vapor is heated and hydrocarbon is modified.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon such as kerosene, into hydrogen gas used as fuel for electric power generation in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The modification method of hydrocarbon is efficient, and reduces the running cost of electric power generation in fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrocarbon containing hydrogen as a main component is supplied from a front-stage inlet portion (9) of a catalyst bed (A). The catalyst bed contains a partial oxidation reaction catalyst (2) at the front-stage, a preliminary modification catalyst (3) showing catalytic activity in low temperature, at the middle-stage, a water-vapor modification catalyst (4) excellent in heat resisting property, at the later-stage, and a burner (6) at the later-stage exit portion (5). The raw material mixture of oxygen-containing gas, hydrocarbon and water-vapor is heated with the burner, and a gas is produced. Thus, the hydrocarbon is modified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of catalyst bed.    Partial oxidation reaction catalyst (2)    Preliminary modification catalyst (3)    Water-vapor modification catalyst (4)    Later-stage exit portion (5)    Burner (6)    Front-stage inlet portion (9)    Catalyst bed (A)
NOVELTY - A fuel gas generator (10) has a pressure swing adsorption mechanism (24) connected to a modification mechanism (20), via a cooling mechanism (22). The modification mechanism generates reformed gas by carrying out oxidation and modification of mixture containing modification fuel having a hydrocarbon, water vapor and oxygen. The mechanism (24) removes discard from reformed gas produced from mechanism (20), and generates fuel gas.    USE - For generating hydrogen-rich fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel generator efficiently produces hydrogen-rich fuel gas, and is simple. The requirement of external heater is eliminated, and warming-up time of modification fuel is sharply reduced. The pressure swing adsorption mechanism is compact and effective, and the concentration of carbon monoxide is effectively decreased in fuel gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel cell system incorporated with fuel gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel gas generator (10)    Fuel cell system (12)    Modification mechanism (20)    Cooling mechanism (22)    Pressure swing adsorption mechanism (24)
NOVELTY - A heat recovery system has heat exchanger (I) and heat exchanger (II) arranged between water vapor modifier, and carbon monoxide transformer, and at outlet tube of conversion gas of carbon monoxide transformer of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, and water flow path. The water flow path is branched to branch pipes (1-3), in preset arrangement.    USE - As heat recovery system of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The heat recovery system is compact and has improved thermal efficiency and hydrogen manufacturing efficiency. Efficient manufacture of hydrogen is enabled at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat recovery system has heat exchanger (I) and heat exchanger (II) arranged between water vapor modifier, and carbon monoxide transformer and at outlet tube of conversion gas of carbon monoxide transformer of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, and water flow path. The water flow path is branched to branch pipes (1-3). Pure water from pipe (1) is mixed with hydrocarbon supplied to the modifier. Pure water from pipes (2 and 3) are supplied to heat exchangers (1 and 2), respectively, made to mix with hydrocarbon, recover the heat of reformed gas and conversion gas, evaporated and supplied to the modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the heat recovery system of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Water branch pipes (1,2,3)    Pure water pipe (A)    Hydrocarbon pipe (B)
NOVELTY - The supply apparatus consists of an inlet pipe (2) and a supply pipe (3) arranged at the lower side of a liquid storage tank (1). The lower end of the inlet pipe is positioned above the discharge port of the supply pipe, within a fixing pipe (5). The fixing pipe is arranged inside a support pipe (4).    USE - For supplying liquid such as water, liquid fertilizer, chemical solution plant culture medium.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid level is controlled automatically without using an expensive liquid level detector. The need for ball tap, float ball, liquid cut-off valve are eliminated. Since direct injection of the liquid into the culture medium is implemented, drain bowl, water prevention sheet and root prevention sheet are not needed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the liquid supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (1)    inlet pipe (2)    supply pipe (3)    support pipe (4)    fixing pipe (5)
NOVELTY - A sedimentation tank collects the process liquid containing sludge emitted from an aerator through which organic waste water is transduced. The low-concentration organic-type regulator is added to the sedimentation tank, so as to promote the solid-liquid separation of the collected process liquid.    USE - The system is useful for processing organic waste water, using activated sludge treatment technique.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the sludge volume index, floating substance concentration and total organic matter concentration in the organic waste water, hence improves sedimentation property and water quality effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste water processing method.
NOVELTY - An ejection screw (5) is arranged at the bottom of a fermenter (2) having a stirring apparatus (4), so as to eject the fermented and dried contents through an outlet provided at back of the fermenter. The axis of the screw is parallel to the axis of the stirring apparatus.    USE - For processing of organic refuse by mounting on garbage disposal vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the ejection screw, the organic refuse is mixed and stirred well for compost and fodder formation and is ejected smoothly without leaving the contents inside the fermenter. Therefore the burden of the operator is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ejection screw (5) is arranged at the bottom of a fermenter (2) having a stirring apparatus (4), so as to eject the fermented and dried contents through an outlet provided at back of the fermenter. The axis of the screw is parallel to the axis of the stirring apparatus. The ejection screw is arranged along front and back direction of the fermenter. The screw is wound with a helical blade (5b). The stirring apparatus at the center of the fermenter, rotates in clockwise and anti clockwise direction alternately so as to mix and stir the contents. The front end of the blade has different inclination with respect to the remaining blade region. The ejection screw is stopped during the clockwise direction of the stirring apparatus. The screw is reversed during reverse operation of the stirring apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an elevation view of the fermenter and the ejection screw.    fermenter (2)    stirring apparatus (4)    ejection screw (5)    screw shaft (5a)    blade (5b)
NOVELTY - Natural water is divided to two portions (I,II). Portion (I) of natural water is nitrified specifically, and ammonia nitrogen contained in natural water is converted to nitrite nitrogen. Nitrified water is mixed with the portion (II) of natural water, and anaerobic ammonia oxidation of the mixture is performed so as to remove nitrogen contained in natural water.    USE - For removing nitrogen contained in natural water using anaerobic oxidation of ammonia.    ADVANTAGE - Nitrogen component is efficiently and stably removed from natural water by anaerobic oxidation of ammonia.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Natural water is divided to two portions (I,II). Portion (I) of natural water is heated to preset condition, and nitrified using immobilized-microorganism support or activated sludge, and ammonia nitrogen contained in natural water is converted to nitrite nitrogen. Nitrified water is mixed with the portion (II) of natural water, and anaerobic ammonia oxidation of the mixture is performed so as to remove nitrogen contained in natural water.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for nitrogen removing apparatus (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of nitrogen removing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Nitrogen removing apparatus (10)    Natural water tank (12)    Nitrification tank (16)    Heating tank (18)    Anaerobic ammonia oxidation apparatus (22)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage material has a porous component, and a film coated on the surface of porous component. The porous component holds metal ultrafine particles having hydrogen occlusion ability, in hole. The film interrupts oxygen, and selectively permeates hydrogen.    USE - As hydrogen storage material used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage material has excellent hydrogen occlusion ability. Aggregation and oxidation of metal ultrafine particles are prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the hydrogen occlusion ability of hydrogen storage material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).f
NOVELTY - An enzyme having disintegration and bioactive ability of odor substance, chip having favorable water absorptivity and transpirability of moisture content, and useful microorganism in to-be-processed material are mixed. The microorganism is grown on a base material to predetermined time. To-be-processed material is again added, temperature and humidity are adjusted to optimal values, and to-be-processed material is decomposed.    USE - For processing organic refuse, such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively removes water vapor in the decomposed product, and hardly leaves decomposition residue and odor. The organic refuse disposer has long-term decompose-treatment capability, and eliminates temperature rise and fall by providing efficient ventilation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An enzyme having disintegration and bioactive ability of odor substance, a chip having favorable water absorptivity, water retention and transpirability of moisture content, and useful microorganism in to-be-processed material are mixed. The microorganism in the to-be-processed material is grown to predetermined time on a base material. To-be-processed material is added and stirred with the base material. The temperature and humidity are adjusted to optimal values and to-be-processed material is decomposed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse disposer comprising treatment tank (3), stirrer, air-conditioning unit and heat-retention unit. The mixture containing enzyme, chip and to-be-processed material is mixed with base material in the treatment tank using the stirrer. The temperature and humidity of the product from the treatment tank is adjusted in the air-conditioning unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the front elevation of the organic refuse disposer.    treatment tank (3)    stirring blade (9)    tank bottom portion (10)    heat exchanger (18)    water washing deodorizing unit (27)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) has a fuel cell (2) with a cathode (2c) which receives air from an air supply path (6) provided with an air purifier (10). The purifier comprises an electrostatic dust collector which collects dust from air by producing opposite electric charge with respect to the charge of the dust particles, and a catalyst which decomposes the organosilicon compound present in air, into silica.    USE - For supplying air to fuel cell mounted in electric vehicle, to produce electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Enables removing the fine dust and fine organosilicon compounds present in air, hence prevents the supply of air containing dust and silica to the cathode, hence prevents the reduction in the output of the fuel cell. Improves the energy efficiency of the fuel cell by charging the collection unit using the air flow. Enables removed coarse dust particles and silica using the filter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The dust collector consists of a friction unit having several protrusions provided in the air supply path, and an electrostatic dust collection unit which is electrically charged by the friction produced when contacting the friction unit. The dust collection unit is charged using the movement of air passed in the air supply path, as a power source. The collection unit is formed in the form of a filament which flutters due to the air flowing in the supply path. A filter is provided at the downstream side of the dust collector, in the air supply path. The catalyst is provided at the surface of the dust collection unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    apparatus (1)    fuel cell (2)    cathode (2c)    air supply path (6)    air purifier (10)
NOVELTY - A fuel modification tank is supplied with fuel gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a fuel cell module. The exhaust gas generated during electric-power generation reaction in the tank and supply of oxidizing agent to the module are made to flow into an exhaust path. A vaporization tank vaporizes liquid fuel stored in a fuel tank, using the heat of the exhaust gas.    USE - For portable apparatus such as notebook computer, electric-power assisted bicycle, also for toilet.    ADVANTAGE - The need for a de-sulfurizing apparatus is eliminated, reducing the size of the fuel cell system. Enables utilization of the liquid fuel such as methanol in the fuel cell module.
NOVELTY - A tin-oxide film formed on a substrate, is processed with silane coupling agent and organic carboxylic acid e.g. benzoic acid, for forming an organic matter layer with functional group in which hydrogen bond is possible, on the tin-oxide film.    USE - Gas sensor used for detecting carbon monoxide gas, hydrogen, propane and various combustible gas for domestic gas-leakage alarm, also for detecting semiconductor process gas, poisonous gas such as carbon monoxide gas, ammonia, sulfur, nitrous oxide (NOx) and AsH3, and odor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the gas sensor to show selective and specific response with respect to gas having polarity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas sensor manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph indicating sensor property with respect to various gas.
NOVELTY - A rolling bearing is sealed with a grease composition containing a magnesium compound(s) or a vapor phase corrosion inhibitor as a rust preventive agent, perfluoro alkyl ether as a base oil, and polytetrafluoroethylene as a thickening agent.    USE - For pumping machine used for fuel cell system (both claimed) used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The rolling bearing has excellent heat resistance, rust proof, corrosion resistance, low volatile property and durability. The pumping machine comprising rolling bearing, has favorable stability, even when water vapor is penetrated. The fuel cell system stably generates electric power for long period of time, by using pumping machine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) pumping machine comprising rolling bearing; and    (2) fuel cell system having pumping machine for conveying fluids, and a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of needle bearing.    needle bearing (30)    outer-ring (31)    needle (32)    holder (33)    seal device (35)
NOVELTY - Catalyzed aromatization of lower hydrocarbon e.g. methane, comprises adding 1-20 vol% of hydrogen to raw material lower hydrocarbon gas, in the presence of a catalyst (20). The catalytic reaction jointly produces an aromatic and hydrogen. The catalyst has a metallic element or a metallic element compound supported on a porous metallosilicate.    USE - For performing catalyzed aromatization of lower hydrocarbon such as methane, to obtain aromatic compound and hydrogen (claimed). Aromatic compound such as benzyl and naphthalene, is used as raw material for chemical and pharmaceutical industry. Hydrogen is used as natural gas, bio gas and fuel for fuel cell and semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyzed aromatization reaction has improved reaction rate and catalyst life, and efficiently manufactures aromatic compound and hydrogen without generating carbon during secondary reaction. The aromatization catalytic reaction apparatus is simple and reliable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) manufacture of aromatic compound and hydrogen, which involves performing catalytic reaction of lower hydrocarbon gas; and    (2) catalyzed aromatization apparatus comprising:    (a) raw material lower hydrocarbon gas introductory portion (11);    (b) catalytic reaction container (10) which stores the catalyst;    (c) product separation unit (30) connected to gas outlet, which separates hydrogen from exhaust gas;    (d) gas reflux path which delivers separated hydrogen, or hydrogen and lower hydrocarbon gas to the gas introductory portion; and    (e) gas outlet (28).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of catalyzed aromatization reaction apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Catalytic reaction container (10)    Gas introductory portion (11)    Gas outlet (12)    Catalyst (20)    Gas outlet (28)    Product separation unit (30)
NOVELTY - The combustible solid-substance storage apparatus has a gas-flowing unit (20) and an abnormal heat generation detection unit (50). The gas-flowing unit passes combustible solid-substance deposit (14) in a storage tank (10) through gas. The abnormal heat generation detection unit detects abnormal heat generation in deposit by measuring temperature change of gas.    USE - Used in power generation equipment and refuse incinerator.    ADVANTAGE - The combustible solid-substance storage apparatus is economical, and easily and accurately detects abnormal heat generation and thermal ignition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) abnormal heat generation detection of combustible solid-substance storage apparatus; and    (2) abnormal heat generation detection system of combustible solid-substance storage apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structure of combustible solid-substance storage apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (10)    deposit (14)    abnormal heat-generating portion (16)    gas-flowing unit (20)    abnormal heat generation detection unit (50)
NOVELTY - A microorganism belonging to the genus Bacillus, capable of producing a solubilization enzyme, which solubilizes organic solid substance of organic sludge or sludge obtained from living organisms waste, and having a base sequence of 1519 nucleotides fully defined in specification, obtained from 16SrRNA gene, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for processing organic solid substance, which involves solubilizing organic substances of organic sludge or sludge obtained from living organisms waste (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) cost effectively solubilizes solid substances of organic sludges within short period and at a moderate temperature.
NOVELTY - Purification of highly contaminated biogas containing entrained sulfur and moisture without chemical additives. Entrained substances are deposited on a GRANOL (RTM) carrier. The filter contains a continuously-recirculated bulk packing. It is moved continuously by a screw conveyor. The adherent sulfur- and moisture fraction is stripped- or abraded-off, to collect in the sludge tank (15).    USE - A plant for desulfurizing and de-watering biogas which is subsequently used for electricity generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Purification of highly contaminated biogas containing entrained sulfur and moisture without chemical additives. Entrained substances are deposited on a GRANOL (RTM) carrier. The filter contains a continuously-recirculated bulk packing. It is moved continuously by a screw conveyor. The adherent sulfur- and moisture fraction is stripped- or abraded-off, to collect in the sludge tank (15). Sulfur contamination is magnetically attracted by the clay mixture with additives. Spherical clay granules employed, have a rough or open surface with great affinity and absorbency. Without use of additives, a moist, pasty deposit of sulfur-containing material is separated using the GRANOL (RTM) filter (5). The gas undergoes flow reversals (9, 10, 11) in passing through the GRANOL (RTM) filter, promoting a high degree of separation. In the equipment, granules lifted by the screw (2) are cooled by evaporation, promoting condensation of water content in the gas. The large surface area of the granules, promotes evaporative cooling optimally, for de-moisturization.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for equipment for carrying out the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A vertical cross section of an implementation is presented.    Casing (1)    Screw (2)    GRANOL filter (5)    Flow reversals (9, 10, 11)    Sludge tank (15)
NOVELTY - The current generation method has coal, a biomass, oil or gas used as the fuel supplied to a solid-oxide fuel cell (4), the waste heat of the latter used for vaporizing or reforming of the supplied fuel, to provide a water and carbon monoxide mixture, with simultaneous recirculation of the employed water vapor. The waste heat is transferred from the anode side of the fuel cell to the vaporizer or reformer (1) via a closed heat transfer circuit (12), with independent regulation of heat transfer and feedback of residual combustible gases.    USE - The method is used for generation of electrical current using a solid-oxide fuel cell supplied with a hydrocarbon fuel, e.g. for a coal fueled power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Method allows efficient use of fuel cell waste heat for vaporizing or reforming supplied fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a current generation method using a solid-oxide fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Vaporizer or reformer (1)    High temperature fan (3)    Solid-oxide fuel cell (4)    Heat exchangers (5,8,10)    Heat transfer circuit (12)
NOVELTY - A microbiological agricultural phosphatic fertilizer characterized in that, the microbiological bacterial through fixation of phosphoric is modified by a plasma environment, wherein its vitality is increased by geometric extension, simultaneously, coal gangue and wheat or rice husk is used as the biological nutrient to prepare the phosphatic fertilizer according to the invention, which can not only result in production increase for the agronomic crops, but also making the soil become more fertile.
NOVELTY - The invention relates to a process for preparing plant stalk fodder / organic fertilizer by fast fixed nitrogen onto the stalk, which comprises the steps of, chopping the agronomic crop stalk, mixing the crushed stalks with nitrogen source for pre-ammonia treatment, and steam crushing treatment. The stalk processed thereby contains rich fermentation carbon and nitrogen source, thus can serve as animal fodder and organic slow release fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The present invention is method of steam puffed plant straw fermenting process of preparing hydrogen. Inside semi-solid fermentation reactor, steam puffed straw material, corn powder, beef peptone and water in certain proportion are mixed, sterilized, inoculated with bacteria suspension and fermented to prepare hydrogen. The process also includes hydrogen collecting step. The present invention has rich material resource and low cost, and is superior to biological organic waste water treating hydrogen producing process, which has limited resource, low hydrogen producing rate and secondary environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - A deep well wet fluid waste stream oxidation apparatus (1) comprises a reaction vessel (2) suspended in a subterranean hole (3), a pipe (5) for feeding waste stream (13) into the reaction vessel, a heat exchanger (4) and an oxidant feeder (7). The oxidant is fed to the pipe nearby a reaction zone (9). An outlet (8), formed in the wall of the pipe, of the oxidant feeder is placed nearby and just upstream of the reaction zone.    USE - For performing deep well wet oxidation of fluid waste stream (claimed) e.g. organic solvents, municipal sludge, toxic or contaminated products.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidant is fed just upstream of the reaction zone after attaining required pressure and temperature conditions, resulting in an efficient wet oxidation in the reaction zone. Scales can be effectively removed using mechanical scale removing tools, while minimizing the risk of damaging the components of the deep well wet oxidation apparatus. The heat exchanger is positioned outside of and also substantially parallel to the reaction vessel, thus the pipe can be cleaned without affecting the heat exchanger .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section view of the deep well wet fluid waste stream oxidation apparatus.    deep well wet fluid waste stream oxidation apparatus (1)    reaction vessel (2)    subterranean hole (3)    heat exchanger (4)    pipe (5)    oxidant feeder (7)    outlet (8)    reaction zone (9)    waste stream. (13)
NOVELTY - The waste disposal system has a mechanical stage and a biological stage, where process water (9.4) is fed to dissolve and/or expel organic matter. The used process water (4.3) is cleaned of organic matter carried in it in a physical and chemical stage (21-24) for denitrification of the water cleaned of organic matter (9.6).    USE - Processing waste, especially residual waste.    ADVANTAGE - The process water used for the biological processing stage is cleaned of organic matter and nitrogen in a hybrid reactor before it is fed into a sludge clarification system or sewers, and the cleaned water can be recycled for the biological processing stage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The waste disposal system has a mechanical stage and a biological stage, where process water (9.4) is fed to dissolve and/or expel organic matter. The used process water (4.3) is cleaned of organic matter carried in it in a physical and chemical stage (21-24) for denitrification of the water cleaned of organic matter (9.6). The denitrification stage has a stripping column and a catalyst column to separate ammonium gas and convert it into nitrogen and water. Hazardous matter, salts (e.g. chlorides and phosphates) and the like are removed by reverse osmosis (23). The biological stage is by percolation (4), a pulper (5) or by fermentation. The assembly is a hybrid reactor with a solid bed, sludge removal and a unit to destroy, with a floating cover. The emerging biogas is treated with jets of air/oxygen to remove sulfur.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the hybrid reactor assembly.    percolation stage (4)    used process water (4.3)    pulper (5)    process water (9.4)    water cleaned of organic matter (9.6)    physical/chemical stage (21-24)    reverse osmosis stage (23)
NOVELTY - The system has at least one fuel cell (2), especially a polymer electrolyte membrane cell, and a gas generation system (3) that produces a gas rich in hydrogen from air, water and a material containing hydrocarbons such as petrol or diesel. All the water required in the gas generation system region passes as water vapor from the area of the at least one fuel cell into the area of the gas generation system.    USE - For generating at least part of the propulsion energy for a transport arrangement for land, water or air (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements to provide a small, compact and simple fuel cell system with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive fuel cell system    fuel cell stack (2)    gas generation system (3)    membrane (13)    membrane module (11)    reformer (4)
NOVELTY - Providing an improved process for the removal of sulfur from sour/natural gas using biodegradable metal chelates.    USE - The process is useful to recover sulfur from sour/natural gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The biodegradability of the water-soluble carboxylic acid metal chelate is many times more than the conventionally used chelates and it is eco-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recovery of sulfur from sour/natural gas, comprises contacting the sour/natural gas flow with an aqueous solution of a biodegradable water-soluble carboxylic acid metal chelate till the sour/natural gas coming out of the solution is free from hydrogen sulfoxide, reoxidizing the carboxylic metal chelate solution by passing a source of oxygen through the solution, separating the suspended form of sulfur obtained and drying to obtain sulfur.
NOVELTY - A fuel supplying apparatus comprises a fuel and a polymer for controlling rate of fuel release.    USE - For a fuel cell, e.g. direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus does not require additional devices or tubes to control the fuel concentration and is capable of releasing fuel at an appropriate rate. It controls rate of fuel release via its material characteristics, and thus is capable of maintaining the fuel concentration to prevent the inappropriate fuel concentration from affecting operation performance. It is easy to carry and convenient for storing or adding the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a methanol fuel cell using the inventive fuel supplying apparatus.
NOVELTY - The method involves applying a charge to anode and cathode cooler flow plates (22, 26) of a fuel cell stack (20) and depositing a material on a portion of the flow plates in response to the charge. The deposited material is used to insulate a part of the fuel cell stack from a coolant flowing through the fuel cell stack. Two layers are formed on the flow plates by depositing two electrocoating materials, respectively.    USE - Used for forming an electrically insulating layer that insulates a flow plate e.g. graphite composite or a metal flow plate, of a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of the layer tolerates a misalignment between the anode and cathode cooler flow plates, as the layer forms on all flow plate surfaces that are exposed to the electrocoating material, regardless of whether these surfaces are land or channel surfaces.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a system to form a layer of electrically insulative material that lines coolant passage ways of flow plates of a fuel cell stack.    Fuel cell stack (20)    Anode and cathode cooler flow plates (22, 26)    Electrical output terminal (30)    Flow subsystem (40)    Reservoir (42)    Fluid communication conduits (44, 46)
NOVELTY - The replenisher (10) has a casing (12) that extend around an interior space. The casing has a partition that defines infeed and outfeed chambers within the interior space. The partition has an access channel that extends between the infeed and outfeed chambers, where each chamber has a port. A biaser is provided within the casing for pressurizing the infeed chamber positively and the outfeed chamber negatively.    USE - Used for replenishing a fuel cell in a fuel cell replenishment system (claimed) of an electronic device e.g. portable computer and digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - The replenisher allows easy and convenient replenishment of one or more solutions of a fuel cell without use of additional equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a fuel cell replenishment method    (B) a fuel cell replenishment system comprising a replenisher.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top perspective view of the replenisher.    Replenisher (10)    Casing (12)    Sidewall (30)    End caps (34, 36)    Septums (42)
NOVELTY - Provided is method of preparing either brewed or fermented soy sauce using bean curd water, maximizing utilization of beans. The process is environment-friendly because it uses waste water of bean curd.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method of preparation comprises steps of: making Koji or fermented bean by steaming one or more cereals selected among bean, wheat, glutinous rice, rice, barley; adding nitrogen source to control the total content of nitrogen in soy sauce; adding one or more enzymes selected from a group of amylase, protease, pectinase, glucosidase, cellulase and xylase; inoculating yeast fungus and culturing and maturing at proper temperature and for proper period; adding salt or salt water, stirring if needed and fermenting and maturing for proper period with Koji or enzyme to elute soy sauce; and adding bean curd water at one or more steps above.
NOVELTY - Biosurfactant producing microbe Bacillus sp. LSC11 (KCTC 1038BP) is isolated from oil-contaminated sea water, cultured in a medium containing crude oil and edible oil as sole carbon source at 37 degreesC and 200 rpm for 7 days, selecting colonies, spreading on a medium containing tributyrin to select a colony forming a transparent circle, culturing colony in LB broth, and selecting strain showing crude oil and tributyrin decomposing activity.    USE - For decomposing crude oil.    ADVANTAGE - The novel microorganism shows high efficiency for decomposing crude oil and produces a biosurfactant which has maximum emulsifying activity in soybean oil, higher emulsifying activity in crude oil, and improved or similar emulsification stability to synthetic surfactant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The biosurfactant producing microorganism Bacillus sp. LSC11 (KCTC 1038BP) is isolated by collecting sea water samples around the oil-contaminated area, culturing the sea water samples in a medium containing crude oil and edible oil as sole carbon source at 37 degreesC and 200 rpm for 7 days, spreading the cultured medium on LB-agar medium and culturing it at 37 degreesC, selecting colonies grown, culturing the colonies grown in LB broth medium at 37 degreesC, spreading the cultured medium on a medium containing tributyrin to select one colony forming a transparent circle, culturing the colony in LB broth medium, and selecting a strain showing the excellent crude oil decomposing activity and tributyrin decomposing activity.
NOVELTY - A microorganism Lactobacillus plantarum for fermentation of barely silage is provided, thereby improving quality and storage of the barley silage which is used as a supplement fodder of domestic animals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microorganism Lactobacillus plantarum NLRI 201(KACC-91016) for fermentation of barely silage is provided, wherein Lactobacillus plantarum NLRI 201(KACC-91016) is isolated by inserting the barley silage extract with high quality into MRS broth medium containing 0.02 % of sodium azide, culturing the extract at 37 degreesC for 24 hours, spreading the cultured medium on MRS agar medium containing 0.02 % of sodium azide, culturing the medium at 37 degreesC for 48 hours, and selecting colonies grown.
NOVELTY - This device processes sewage and waste water using batch active sludge process, where the input sewage that is stabilized through anaerobic decomposition goes through No. 1 aerobic tank to induce massive fermentation of medium temperature microbes to eliminate organic materials and nitrify ammonia nitrogen to maximize denitrification during subsequent process of rest period. The initial processed water is transported to No. 2 aerobic tank using a lift pump to further remove unprocessed organic materials and return a part of active sludge of excessive phosphor content in order to adjust the amount of microbes and draw out excess sludge. High pressure nozzle spray is applied after No. 2 aerobic tank process and prior to the rest period to create centrifugal force to induce high speed separation of sludge. Thus, without providing separate power device this device cuts off air supply to aerator but spray supply air via nozzles that are equipped at certain angles to cause centrifugal force on the processed water so that high speed separation is possible through gravitational settling, considerably reducing processing time and increasing processing volume.
NOVELTY - The screw consists of the primary moving plate moving above the fermentation tank formed with the regular depth; the secondary moving plate moving above the primary plate; the rotary axle rotated by the outside source of power and fixed to the secondary plate; the moving blade formed in the spiral shape above the top of the rotary axle; and the agitation blade under the axle and isolated with the regular gap from the moving blade. The screw has the advantages of the simultaneous stirring and moving of wastes at the upper fermented layer; and keeping the enough crevices at the lower layer of filtering leach ate.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil composition contains specific amounts of olefin, aromatic component, benzene and sulfur. The composition has distillation amount (E70) at 70 degreesC of 23-40 vol.%, and 50% distillation temperature (T50) of 75-110 degreesC. The composition has rapid vapor pressure (RVP), research octane number (RON), density and vapor lock index (VLI) of 44-93 kPa, 89 or more, 0.67-0.78 g/cm3 and 900-1100, respectively.    USE - As fuel for motor vehicles and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The novel fuel oil composition has excellent performance and stability. The fuel oil provides excellent startability, anti-knocking property and acceleration property to motor vehicles. It does not produce toxic substances in the exhaust gas, and hence usage of the fuel oil is environmentally safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel oil composition contains olefin (in vol.%) (1 or less), aromatic component (20 or less), benzene (1 or less) and sulfur (5 ppm or less). The distillation amount (E70) of the composition at 70 degreesC, is 23-40 vol.%. The 50% distillation temperature (T50) of composition is 75-110 degreesC. The composition has rapid vapor pressure (RVP), research octane number (RON), density at 15 degreesC and vapor lock index (VLI) of 44-93 kPa, 89 or more, 0.67-0.78 g/cm3 and 900-1100, respectively.
NOVELTY - A filler is filled in the space formed in a cylindrical container (20) that accommodates several fuel cells (16). A supply nozzle (28) supplies composite fuel gas to one end of filled layer (26a) formed at one edge of container. Supplied fuel gas is fired, to heat fuel cells with flame. Supply nozzle is moved to make its ejection end to adjoin with end surface of filled layer, if fuel cells reach drive temperature.    USE - Fuel cell used at outdoors during disaster and at camp.    ADVANTAGE - Since the composite fuel gas that prevents carbonization of fuel is used, explosion of fuel gas is prevented. Also avoids requirement of special heat tracing units such as electric heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cathode layer (12)    Anode layer (14)    Fuel cells (16)    Cylindrical container (20)    Filled layers (26a,26b)    Supply nozzle (28)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a hydrogen occlusion tank (1), a hydrogen buffer tank (2) and a hydrogen-supply piping. The hydrogen occlusion tank is filled with a hydrogen occlusion material (5) capable of discharging and absorbing hydrogen. The hydrogen buffer tank stores hydrogen in gaseous phase. The hydrogen supply piping supplies hydrogen to cathode (31) of fuel cell stack (3).    USE - For motor vehicles and electric power transporting machine.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system has improved hydrogen supply capability even at low temperature and high load.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen occlusion material is activated carbon, carbon nano tube, graphite and graphite intercalation compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of structure of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen occlusion tank (1)    hydrogen buffer tank (2)    fuel cell stack (3)    heat exchanger (4)    hydrogen occlusion material (5)    cathode (31)
NOVELTY - An identification unit (24) identifies the thermal decomposition component gas of edible oil and fat and the thermal decomposition gas of non-edible oil and fat based on electrical resistance value of a gas sensor (2) in supervision mode and identification mode.    USE - For detecting thermal decomposition component gas of edible oil and fat during cooking in gas cooking stove, baking and roasting fish.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal decomposition component gas of edible oil and fat and the thermal decomposition gas of non-edible oil and fat are discriminated correctly. Thus stable gas detection is possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the gas detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas sensor (2)    electric heater (8)    controller (14)    identification unit ((24)    warning unit (30)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer contains a fuel modification catalyst, which comprises a compound (C) of heat conductivity 50 W/mxK or more.    USE - In solid polymeric fuel cell system and fuel modification-type hydrogen generation system (both claimed), for producing hydrogen-rich gas by hydrocarbon modification decomposition reaction and water vapor modification reaction.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer has excellent fuel modification capability. Heat generated by partial oxidation reaction at the upper portion of the fuel reformer is efficiently sent to down-stream side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solid polymeric fuel cell system containing the fuel reformer, a shift reaction device, which decreases carbon monoxide contained in exhaust gas from the system by water gas shift reaction, a carbon monoxide removal apparatus, which removes carbon monoxide contained in exhaust gas from the shift reaction device and a polymer electrolyte fuel cell;    (2) fuel modification-type nitrogen generation system having the fuel reformer, fuel cell system or a fuel modification-type fuel cell electric vehicle; and    (3) fuel modification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile of the solid polymeric fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrogen separating apparatus (1) is equipped with hydrogen separating membrane on a porous support, and gas-flow guiding component (5). The component (5) rectifies hydrogen-containing gas which flows along the hydrogen separating membrane. A gap between the component (5) and hydrogen separating membrane, which comprises inlet of hydrogen-containing gas, has larger gas flow than downstream portion.    USE - For separating hydrogen contained in reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen separating apparatus effectively contacts hydrogen in reformed gas with hydrogen separating membrane, and permeates hydrogen uniformly. The hydrogen separating apparatus effectively suppresses hydrogen embrittlement, and has improved and stable hydrogen-permeability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the structure of hydrogen separating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen separating apparatus (1)    Hydrogen separating component (2)    Flange (3)    Bellows (4)    Gas-flow guiding component (5)
NOVELTY - Water is decomposed using ferrite as a reaction medium comprising ferrite particle supported by zirconia particle, and hydrogen is manufactured by two-stage water-splitting thermochemistry cycle.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen by two-stage water-splitting thermochemistry cycle.    ADVANTAGE - The reaction medium has excellent reactivity, even at low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reaction medium used by two-stage water-splitting thermochemistry cycle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the comparison of hydrogen generation rate by dope.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) installed just above a fermenter (2), receives biogas from the fermenter through several inlets, and has a biogas outlet at its top plate. A sprinkling pipe which sprinkles digestive liquor (3A) containing carriers of microorganisms used for oxidizing hydrogen sulfide, into the apparatus, is connected to a digestive-liquor supply pipe (1D) arranged outside the apparatus.    USE - For removing hydrogen sulfide present in biogas used in hot water supply unit and electric power plant, and which is emitted from fermenter which ferments organic refuse obtained from houses, hotels, restaurants, and organic sludge obtained from sewage works, and excrement of livestock, such as milk yielding cow, beef cattle, pigs and hens.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need for a separate water supply system to supply water needed by the microbes, as the water vapor of preset temperature, contained in the biogas which passes through the apparatus, is utilized by the microbes. Since the liquor is used to supply the microbes, during start-up of the apparatus, the liquor supply frequency is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen sulfide removal apparatus installed above the fermenter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    apparatus (1)    liquor supply pipe (1D)    fermenter (2)    liquor tank (3)    digestive liquor (3A)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus (I) that decomposes organic refuse by microbial action, has treatment tank (1) which accommodates culture base material having microorganism and organic refuse, stirring unit (2) for stirring contents of treatment tank, and heating unit (3) for heating contents of treatment tank at suitable temperature.    USE - (I) is useful for decomposing organic refuse through microbial action (claimed). The organic refuse includes kitchen waste and other materials.    ADVANTAGE - (I) sharply improves the processing efficiency of organic refuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic refuse processing apparatus (I) that decomposes organic refuse by the microbial action, comprises treatment tank (1) which accommodates a culture base material containing microorganism and organic refuse, has a side wall board (1A) or a partition plate (1C) and a holding part (1B) at the bottom surface, where the inner dimension (B) of holding part is larger than the space (A) of side wall board or partition plate, stirring unit (2) for stirring the organic refuse and the culture base material, has rotary shaft (2A) which is supported in the direction which penetrates the side wall board of treatment tank, and where the stirring blade (2B) is made to rotate so that the bottom surface of the holding part is also rotated, and heating unit (3) for heating the contents of the treatment tank at a suitable temperature, is attached to the side wall board of treatment tank or partition plate and bottom surface of holding part.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top elevation view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    treatment tank (1)    side wall board (1A)    partition plate (1C)    stirring unit (2)    rotary shaft (2A)    stirring blade (2B)    support arm (2C)    heating unit (3)
NOVELTY - The steel sheet pile (1) are connected by coupling formed at its both side edges to form a surrounding wall. A steel beam (4) is provided at the upper end of the surrounding wall of the steel sheet pile. The stirring blades (7) are arranged at a rotary shaft (5) supported by the steel beam. An ejection belt is arranged at the bottom of sieve plate to eject the manufactured manure along one direction.    USE - For fermenting manure raw material such as organic waste, livestock excrement and litter.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures easy assembly and excellent earthquake resistant. Shortens the time of fermentation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The trapezoidal shaped steel sheet pile are joined by couplings and filled with water sealant such as synthetic resin at coupling provided at its both ends. The both ends of a h-shaped steel structure (3) are welded at its corner such that the steel structure is rotated orthogonally with respect to the outer side position of steel sheet pile. The stirring blades are extended along downward direction and surrounded by the surrounding wall of the steel sheet pile. The stirring blades mix the manure raw materials such as livestock excrement of organic waste or pasture and litter supplied through a hopper. The stirring blades are provided with air pipes connected to a ventilator. The rotary shaft has ventilator connected to an air blower, to introduce air into the processing mixture in a stirring tank during fermentation process. A conveyance belt conveys the manure generated during fermentation process from the tank. The composted organic waste settled at the bottom of the tank is ejected outside through the conveyance belt. An exhaust tube is provided to collect gas generated during fermentation processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of steel-sheet-pile fermenter.    steel sheet pile (1)    h-shaped steel structure (3)    steel beam (4)    rotary shaft (5)    stirring blades (7)
NOVELTY - Concave portions are formed on silicon substrate (1) by etching selectively oxidized portions of substrate, before forming palladium-silver (Pd-Ag) alloy film (50) on thermal oxidation film comprising silicon oxide on surface (2) of the substrate. The thermal oxidation film on the surface (3) of the substrate, is patterned to form through-holes (70), after forming etching protective film (6) on the alloy film.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen-permeation filter (claimed) used in hydrogen supply system (claimed) of small-sized fuel cell for motor vehicle and personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The damage to Pd-Ag alloy film is prevented, by forming the etching protective film and the through-holes are formed efficiently. The size of the filter is reduced and the hydrogen permeation efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen-permeation filter; and    (2) hydrogen supply system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing process of the hydrogen-permeation filter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    silicon substrate (1)    surfaces of substrate (2,3)    thermal oxidation film (4)    etching protective film (6)    through-holes (7)    Pd-Ag alloy film (50)
NOVELTY - The deodorizing device (2) arranged at the upper portion of a fermentation-treatment tank, has an air intake piping (18) which is arranged in direction orthogonal to exhaust heat collection portion (16) of device.    USE - Catalyst deodorizing device of organic refuse disposer which performs fermentation decomposition treatment of organic refuse ejected from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Path from exhaust heat collection portion to the air intake portion is shortened, hence excess heat radiation is prevented and warm air is efficiently sent to the inside of fermentation tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of catalyst deodorizing device.    deodorizing device (2)    deodorizing portion (15)    exhaust heat collection portion (16)    air intake piping (18)    dilution portion (30)
NOVELTY - Pressure other than depth-sounding pressure is applied to pressurized reactor, and wastewater is oxidized and/or reduced using purification function of microorganism so as to purify wastewater biologically under pressure.    USE - For purifying wastewater such as sewage biologically under pressure.    ADVANTAGE - Mixing rate and amount of mixing of superfine gas bubbles such as oxygen, and biotic or chemical reaction of reactive gas, are promoted by using pressurized reactor, and hence wastewater is effectively purified. The size of the unit used for purifying wastewater can be minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of gas-liquid mixer used as atomizer in wastewater purification method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tube (1)    partition plate (4)    inner peripheral wall of tube (6)    hemispherical head (7)    leg portion (8)    protrusion (9)
NOVELTY - To-be-processed water (10) is exposed to a pressure lower than atmospheric pressure and stripping of volatile organochlorine compound in water into gas is carried out. The treated water is ejected. The volatile organochlorine compound-containing gas (14) is decomposed by microorganisms. A portion of treated water is recirculated and introduced to to-be-processed water to treat the volatile organochlorine compound-containing water.    USE - The method is useful for treating volatile organochlorine compound-containing water such as intermediate treated water such as process water, wastewater and underground water.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient and stable processing and decompose-treating of volatile organochlorine compound contained in to-be-processed water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a volatile organochlorine compound-containing water treating unit.    Pressure reduction stripping container (1)    Air inlet (3)    Treated-water discharge port (4)    To-be-processed water (10)    Volatile organochlorine compound-containing gas (14)
NOVELTY - Reducing nitrate nitrogen in soil involves using Pseudomonas fluorescence FPT-9601 strain having deposition number of FERM BP-5478, TSB-25 strain having deposition number of FERM BP-8193, FPT-B1 strain having deposition number of FERM BP-8190 and FPT-Y1 strain having deposition number of FERM BP-8191.    USE - For reducing nitrate nitrogen in rice-farming soil, agriculture soil, pasturage field, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The nitrate nitrogen in soil is denitrified by mixing with materials immobilized with microorganisms, hence cumulative dosage is reduced.
NOVELTY - The reactors (31,32) have the respective main and sub reaction chambers (36,39) storing a selective oxidation catalyst. An auxiliary chamber (47) formed above the main chamber, has peripheral holes (49a) through which reformed gas is received from the main chamber. Air (48) for oxidation, fed to auxiliary chamber, is mixed with reformed gas, and fed to a chamber (51) formed above the sub chamber, through pipe (49).    USE - For performing selective oxidation reaction of hydrogen-rich reformed gas produced by fuel reformer, to remove carbon monoxide from reformed gas, before supply of reformed gas to fuel cell used in co-generation system or electric vehicle, to produce electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The need for a separate device for mixing the reformed gas and the air, is eliminated, hence reduces the size of the apparatus. Enables effective utilization of the inner space of the cylindrical apparatus. Enables efficiently removing carbon monoxide from the reformed gas, by the effect of the catalysts in the main and sub chambers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air is supplied to the auxiliary chamber, from the front-end side of the auxiliary chamber. A cooling unit cools the mixture of air and reformed gas. The main chamber has upper and lower perforated panels (34,35).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of the selective oxidation reaction apparatus.    reactors (31,32)    perforated panels (34,35)    main and sub reaction chambers (36,39)    auxiliary chamber (47)    air (48)    pipe (49)    holes (49a)    chamber (51)
NOVELTY - Moisture content regulator consists of water absorbing resin (A). The resin has water absorption magnification of 10-1000 times when immersed in ion exchange water at 25 degreesC and calcium ion absorption amount of 0-100 mg/g of dry weight.    USE - For regulating moisture content of organic refuse during processing of organic refuse produced from houses and food service industry. The processed refuse is used as implantation/fertilizer material for potted plants such as protected horticulture, community potted seedling, and potted seedling.    ADVANTAGE - The excess moisture content contained in the organic refuse is absorbed quickly using the moisture content regulator. The activity of the microorganisms is increased and aerobic fermentation is promoted quickly. The air permeability of the system is raised by absorbing excess moisture content, and therefore anaerobic fermentation by microorganisms such as putrefying bacteria does not occur, and unpleasant smell is not produced. When the refuse mixed in soil is processed using the moisture content regulator, the regulator functions as fertilizer and water retention agent for plants, without inhibiting the growth of plants. The moisture content and fertilizer for plants can be replenished when required. The weight of implantation base material is reduced by using light weight base material instead of natural soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse processing method, which involves mixing the moisture content regulator to organic support and microorganisms and carrying out fermentation processing of the organic refuse.
NOVELTY - Evaluating cellulose decomposability of environmental sample, involves measuring number of cellulose decomposing bacteria in the sample, where the cellulose decomposing bacteria has the characteristics belonging to Clostridium genus, having optimum growth temperature of 45-65 degreesC, cellulose decomposing ability, and 16S rDNA which has 90% homology to a fully defined sequence of 1623 nucleotides as given in the specification.    USE - (M1) is useful for evaluating cellulose decomposability of an environmental sample such as a sludge which needs to be degraded (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) enables to evaluate cellulose decomposability of an environmental sample effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Evaluating (M1) cellulose decomposability of environmental sample, involves measuring number of cellulose decomposing bacteria in the sample, where the cellulose decomposing bacteria has the characteristics:    (a) belonging to Clostridium genus;    (b) having optimum growth temperature of 45-65 degreesC;    (c) having cellulose decomposing ability; and    (d) having 16S rDNA which has 90% homology to a fully defined sequence of 1623 nucleotides (S1) as given in the specification and/or cellobiohydrolase A (cbhA) gene which has 80% homology to a fully defined sequence of 1109 nucleotides (S2) as given in the specification.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oligonucleotide (I) for carrying out (M1), and having a sequence (S1-S10) gggttacggcttatcttgacgag, tctaccttgctcacaggaacatcag, tcctatgtaacagggtatggtgagc, ttctcgtcaagataagccgtaacc, tatcattgggtggcatcac, tatctctacactcgtcaagggatg, ggagatgtaaccagcgtcaagc, catctgacttgcttccc, ctacactcgtcaagggatg, or cataccggatttctcctttg, or a sequence (S11) complementary or substantially homologous to (S1-S10).
NOVELTY - A generator (2) is arranged in a main power station (1) to produce electric power using natural energy. The generated electric power is supplied to an electrolyzer (3) for electrolyzing water. The hydrogen generated during electrolysis, is supplied to a fuel cell (14) to generate electric power in a sub power station (10). The electric power is supplied to a charger (16), as a drive source of an electric vehicle.    USE - For supplying electric power to motor vehicle such as electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of pollution is reduced, by generating power using natural energy. The transfer of electric power between the main and sub power stations is eliminated, by converting the generated power into the hydrogen and therefore the need for long-distance power transmission line is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The generator is arranged in a uninhabited land and is selected from a solar cell, tidal generator, wind generator or geothermal generator. The hydrogen is supplied from the main power station to the sub power station, in the state of the hydrogen occlusion alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Main power station (1)    Generator (2)    Electrolyzer (3)    Power station (10)    Fuel cell (14)    Charger (16)
NOVELTY - A portable gas probe (1) determines domestic central heating chimney emissions and has a flexible hose (11) linking a gas probe inlet (6) and an analytical instrument (2). The hose is encased in a second flexible mantle made of another material. The hose incorporates a helical wire that has a thermal element located close to the hose end.    USE - Used as a portable gas emission sensor for use in conjunction with a domestic central heating chimney.    ADVANTAGE - The combination of corrugated outer case and spiral wire core promotes easy insertion and withdrawal of the probe and prevents hose folding.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a suitable portable probe.    Gas probe (1)    Analytical instrument (2)    Probe tube (3)    Probe head (5)    Probe aperture (6)    Handle (7)    Battery compartment (8)    Indicator (9)    Flange couple (10)
NOVELTY - For the continuous fermentation of a biomass, to yield a biogas, the fermentation vessel (11) rotates while floating on water (16).    USE - The assembly is for the dry fermentation of a biomass, to yield a biogas and especially methane. The biomass is organic waste, bio-waste or agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The operation gives a continuous fermentation and extraction of the biogas and residue.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vessel is held by wood rotary mounting (23) at its ends, and the water level is set to take up any load on the mountings while it is rotated on rollers or carriers (17). The fermentation vessel is cylindrical, with a biomass feed (12) with a feed pipe (24) and a residue extraction (30) with a disposal pipe (25). The pipes are coaxial to the vessel, at opposite ends and turn to rotate the vessel through drives (45,45a) at the pipes. The water temperature is controlled by an immersion heater (22).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the fermentation assembly.    fermentation vessel (11)    biomass feed (12)    water (16)    carriers (17)    immersion heater (22)    end mountings (23)    feed pipe (24)    residue disposal pipe (25)    residue extraction (30)    drives (45,45a)
NOVELTY - A low-temperature nitrating bacteria preparation for removing NH3-N and COD from the seawater used in marine farm is prepared from Nitrobacter hamburgensis (AS 1.2729), Nitrobacter winogradskyi (AS 1.2730), Nitrobacter vulgaris (AS 1.2775), Bacillus cereus (AS 1.230), Bacillus licheniformis (AS 1.518) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (AS 2.412) through culturing, and proportional mixing.
NOVELTY - A composition for treating water used to culture fish is composed of aluminum sulfate, flocculant and tract element nutrients. It can clean the water and improve the growth environment of fish.
NOVELTY - The invention belongs to the field of environmental protection machinery which discloses a domestic organic refuse treatment machine for disposal of refuse by YB microbiological functional bacterium, where the functional bacterium has no toxicity and skin excitation but possesses strong degradation capability. The refuse treatment machine provided by the invention is easy to operate, it is safe and reliable and can degrade domestic organic refuse quickly.
NOVELTY - A biologically active fodder made of fruit and vegetable abandonment as raw material through fermentation and nutriment synthesis process. The biologically active fodder contains fruit and vegetable slag fermentate, comprising dry substance 85-95%, crude protein 10-30%, crude fat 3-6%, coarse fiber 14-22%, and balanced nutritional substance, selected from one or more types of non-animal crude protein, vitamin, mineral substance, and trace element. The invention realizes the utilization of industrial and agricultural waste resource.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell has a fuel gas supply unit and an oxidation gas supply unit for supplying fuel gas containing hydrogen and hydrocarbon type compound to anode (130) and oxidation gas to cathode (110), respectively. A catalyst is provided to perform heat-absorbing reaction using the hydrocarbon type compound.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The heat absorbing reaction using the hydrocarbon type compound enables to uniformly distribute the temperature of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for control method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cathode (110)    Anode (130)
NOVELTY - The substrate (5) supporting a catalyst is heated in a liquid methanol (2), to produce hydrogen gas (3). The methanol is used as a raw material.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced efficiently, using compact and lightweight apparatus. The method requires small amount of energy, since the catalytic reaction rate of methanol is large.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    liquid methanol (2)    produced hydrogen gas (3)    container (4)    substrate (5)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizing agent contains zinc ferrite, silica, and molybdenum sulfide and/or molybdenum trioxide.    USE - For desulfurizing sulfur-containing compound such as natural gas, town gas, and liquid petroleum gas, used for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cell (claimed) such as phosphoric-acid type fuel cell, and polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizing agent has improved desulfurizing efficiency and capability of instantaneously removing sulfur from sulfur-containing compound at single stage process, and regenerating capability. The desulfurizing agent enables efficient manufacture of hydrogen gas of improved purity, at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of desulfurizing agent, which involves adding and pulverization-mixing titanium compound (titanium oxide) and molybdenum sulfide and/or molybdenum trioxide with zinc ferrite and silica, and baking the obtained mixture with a molding adjuvant;    (2) desulfurization of sulfur-containing compound, which involves contacting the sulfur-containing compound with the desulfurizing agent; and    (3) manufacture of hydrogen, which involves desulfurizing and reforming the sulfur-containing compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the desulfurizing property of the desulfurizing agent from the relationship between time, hydrogen sulfide concentration and dimethyl sulfide concentration. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Removing spin-on material from a region of substrate surface includes providing a substrate (3) having a surface coated with nanoporous silica precursor composition, spinning the substrate, expanding fluid through a nozzle (10) to form a cryogenic aerosol stream (11), and directing the stream from the nozzle against the nanoporous material in the region adjacent to surface edge as the substrate spins.    USE - Removing spin-on material, e.g. spin-on film, from substrate used in integrated circuit fabrication.    ADVANTAGE - No high-speed solvent spin-dry step is required during edge bead removal. A spin-on film containing low volatility solvent does not grow back into the region from which the film is removed. This reduces edge-bead removal time to less than 10 seconds. The volume of waste solvent is reduced, making the integrated circuit fabrication process more environmentally friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for formation of film on substrate surface by:    (a) dispensing a liquid nanoporous precursor composition onto the surface,    (b) spinning the substrate to distribute the liquid composition and form a uniform film on the surface,    (c) expanding fluid through a nozzle to form a cryogenic aerosol stream and    (d) directing cryogenic aerosol stream against the film in a region of surface adjacent to its edge as the substrate spins to remove the film from the region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-sectional representation of the spin-on film-removing method.    Spin-on film (1)    Substrate (3)    Tubes (7, 9)    Nozzle (10)    Cryogenic aerosol stream (11)    Deflected stream (12)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen recovery unit (21) connected to the fuel supply inlet conduit and fuel exhaust outlet conduit, selectively transfers portion of hydrogen from the fuel exhaust stream to the hydrogen fuel inlet stream.    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The high hydrogen content in the fuel inlet enhances the fuel cell oxidation reaction, and encourages leveling of the in-cell methane/steam reforming.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of operating solid oxide fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    cathode chamber (14)    inlet conduits (20,22,24,26)    hydrogen recovery unit (21)    heat exchanger (25)    outlet conduits (28,29,30,31)
NOVELTY - The reforming apparatus (50) includes a heat insulating package containing reactors in the internal space. The reactors include a power generating fuel evaporator and a combustion fuel evaporator which are separated from each other by a heat insulating support, such that the reactors are separated from the inner wall of the heat insulating package.    USE - For generating hydrogen for fuel cell for use as power source for electronic equipment such as cellular phone, notebook personal computer, digital camera and personal digital assistant (PDA) as alternative to sources such as primary battery e.g. alkali dry cell, manganese dry cell, and secondary battery e.g. nickel cadmium battery, nickel hydrogen batteries and lithium ion battery.    ADVANTAGE - The heat losses of the reactors are reduced as the heat radiation outside the heat insulating package is suppressed and the size of the reforming apparatus is minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a fuel storage module and a power generating module.    power generating system (1)    fuel storage module (2)    power generating module (3)    reforming apparatus (50)    combustion fuel (98)
NOVELTY - Reduction of odors in a wastewater treatment body comprises establishing a pH in the body of at least 6; establishing an oxidation reduction potential level in the body of at least -330 mV; and establishing a sulfur oxidizing bacteria population in the body of at least 1x104 colony forming units/ml.    USE - For reducing odors in a wastewater treatment body.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces or eliminates odors in wastewater treatment plants. It corrects the conditions that lead to odor formation in wastewater treatment plants. It prevents the reduction of SO42-. It changes the microbial population of the wastewater treatment from sulfur reducing bacteria to sulfur oxidizing bacteria. It biologically oxidizes organic acids in the wastewater. It provides an odor treatment that is capable of simultaneously treating biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5). It minimizes expenses associated with odor treatment in wastewater treatment plants.
NOVELTY - The combination has a reformer (12) including an ambient air manifold space (24) surrounding a reaction chamber (18) that admits air into the reaction chamber. A cylindrical heat exchanger (14) is coaxial to the reformer adjacent at an end to the reformer. An ambient air is continually warmed before reaching the reaction chamber and reformate is continually cooled before exiting the heat exchanger.    USE - Used in a hydrogen fuel cell vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The ambient air enters in a simple, continuous and straight path, and it is preheated by the exiting flow of reformate without the need to provide separate combustors or other structure. The air preheating is done in a simple manner and with a compact structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of a reformer, air pre-heating heat exchanger and secondary reformate cooling heat exchanger in combination.    Reformer (12)    Cylindrical heat exchanger (14)    Reaction chamber (18)    Reformer outer wall (22)    Ambient air manifold space (24)
NOVELTY - The engine (1) has a fuel cell (3) with a fuel electrode (3a) side connected with an exhaust passage (2) of the engine. A fuel supply system supplies power generation fuel to the exhaust passage at a location downstream of the engine and upstream of the fuel cell. A supply amount control part controls an amount of power generation fuel supplied by the fuel supply system.    USE - Used for driving a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The engine is caused to operate without regard to the state of power generation in the fuel cell so suppressing torque fluctuation and the deterioration of emissions due to the deterioration of the operating state of the engine. The amount of power generation fuel supplied to the fuel cell can be increased or decreased without regard to the operating condition of the internal combustion engine so that the amount of power generation fuel corresponding to target amount of power generation can be supplied efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the construction of an internal combustion engine with intake and exhaust systems.    Engine (1)    Exhaust passage (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Fuel electrode (3a)    Air pump (6)    Combustion device (9)    Fuel pump (11)    Electronic control circuit (13)
NOVELTY - Separation of components from an olefin-containing effluent stream includes separating an effluent stream containing ethane, ethylene, propylene, and dimethyl ether, in a separation unit into a first fraction containing ethane, ethylene, and propylene, and a second fraction containing dimethyl ether; and separating a portion of the first fraction into a third fraction containing ethylene and ethane, and a fourth fraction containing propylene.    USE - For separating components from olefin-containing effluent stream.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive process is highly efficient in removing dimethyl ether and minimizing equipment count.
NOVELTY - The craft has a fuel cell power system within a hull (26) having a hollow portion. An electric motor (260) within the hull receives power from the system. An oxygen and hydrogen supply valves are provided, where the hydrogen valve has hydrogen under pressure in a tank connected to a fuel cell. A steering nozzle (18) and a speed control unit are provided for the craft and a propulsion module (270) is coupled to the motor.    USE - Used in a recreational setting, law enforcement and military activity.    ADVANTAGE - The personal water craft includes fuel cell power system instead of battery power supply, and hence thermal management of fuel cell stack is achieved, thus reduces interior hull temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of electric propulsion for a personal water craft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cut-away side of an electric personal water craft.    Steering nozzle (18)    Hull (26)    Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (100)    Electric motor (260)    Propulsion module (270)
NOVELTY - A metal hydride fuel storage apparatus comprises a metal hydride material contained within a cavity (2).    USE - The metal hydride fuel storage apparatus, e.g. cartridge (2) is used for fuel cells, e.g. microelectromechanical systems-based fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invented metal hydride fuel storage apparatus provides fuel storage capacity while optimizing the power needed to extract the hydrogen fuel from the cartridge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal hydride fuel storage apparatus comprises a first substrate having a cavity, resistive heaters, and electrically isolating heat conducting coatings; second substrate having an outlet comprising hydrogen permaselective membrane and a thick film porous material that forms a pressure relief structure and electrically isolating, heat conducting coatings; and a metal hydride material contained within the cavity. The second substrate is bonded to the first substrate forming a sealed volume within the cavity.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method comprising forming a first substrate having a cavity; positioning resistive heaters in the cavity; coating the cavity and the resistive heaters with materials that are capable of electrically isolating the resistive heaters and conducting heat; filling the cavity with a metal hydride material; forming a second substrate having an outlet having a hydrogen permaselective membrane and a thick film porous material that forms a pressure relief structure and electrically isolating, heat conducting coatings; and sealing the cavity by bonding the second substrate to the first substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a metal hydride fuel storage apparatus.    Cartridge (2)    Cavity (4)    Cap coating (10)    Outlet valve (16)    O-ring (24)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell mixing apparatus mixing methanol source fuel (330) and water together in a desired mixing proportion into a fuel mix (24) and outputting the mix to a fuel cell anode chamber (11). A fuel mix dielectric constant sensor (320) measures the dielectric constant that is used in a feedback loop as a basis to adjust the mixing of the fuel and water together to maintain the desired mixing proportion.    USE - Used for providing power for electronics.    ADVANTAGE - The system adjusts the relative quantities of water and methanol mixed together and supplied to the anode chamber so optimizing the efficient consumption of methanol source fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (A) a method for maintaining a desired mixing proportion of a fuel mix comprising a source fuel and a diluting fluid; and    (B) a method for maintaining a fuel level in a tank of a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a block illustration of a direct oxidation fuel cell system.    Anode chamber (11)    Fuel mix (24)    Dielectric constant sensor (320)    Control module (324)    Methanol source fuel (330)
NOVELTY - An organic component-containing sludge is subjected to carbonization process in a carbonization furnace, to obtain a carbonized material. The carbonized material is oxidized in a low temperature oxidizing atmosphere. Thus, the organic component-containing sludge is processed.    USE - For processing of organic component-containing sludge such as sewage sludge produced in drainage treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The organic component-containing sludge is processed by simple method, without generation of heat. The combustion of carbonized material is effectively suppressed, during processing of the sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of test method for investigation of oxygen absorption behavior of the carbonized material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (10)    air bag (12)    constant temperature bath (14)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen manufacturing catalyst is a mixture of catalyst containing copper, and catalyst containing a base held on a support. The hydrogen is manufactured from dimethyl ether and water vapor in presence of the catalyst.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen (claimed) used as energy source for domestic use, and in fuel cell for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is manufactured in high yield in presence of catalyst using dimethyl ether as raw material, with reduced generation of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - The catalyst used for manufacturing hydrogen from dimethyl ether and water vapor, comprises a substance containing copper and an alkali.    USE - For obtaining hydrogen, which is used as energy source in domestic use and in fuel cell for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is obtained in high yield, while generation of carbon monoxide is restrained. The obtained hydrogen is clean and has no toxicity, hence is applicable in domestic usage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - The porous ceramic hollow fiber membrane group is inserted in the perforated plate (3) inserted in the bundle adhesion pipe (2). An inorganic heat insulating material layer (5) and a glass sealant (6), are provided on the inner surface and outer surface of perforated plate, respectively.    USE - Porous ceramic hollow fiber membrane module used in water treatment, and as modifier in fuel cell used for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the provision of glass sealant and heat insulating material layer, damages caused by sudden exposure to hot gas and rapid rise of temperature are effectively prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of porous ceramic hollow fiber membrane module.    module (1)    bundle adhesion pipe (2)    perforated plate (3)    heat insulating material layer (5)    glass sealant (6)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizer (1) has a pipeline (13) for supplying raw material, arranged at the periphery of desulfurizer. The desulfurizer de-sulfurizes a raw material in liquid phase. The raw material is pre-heated using the heat for desulfurizer heating.    USE - For desulfurizing (claimed) raw material such as kerosene used in fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizer has excellent energy efficiency, and is compact. The desulfurizer improves the use efficiency of desulfurizing agent, reduces the usage amount of desulfurizing agent, and does not require separate heating apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for desulfurizing method. The raw material is supplied from downward direction in the desulfurizer packed with a desulfurizing agent layer, and is de-sulfurized in up flow direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline sectional side view of a desulfurizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    desulfurizer (1)    main structure (11)    jacket (12)    pipeline for supplying raw material (13)    pre-heating line (13a)    heater (15)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1) has a catalyzed-combustion unit (4) which carries out catalyzed combustion of hydrogen, and a dehydrogenator which carries out dehydrogenation of a hydride. The exhaust gas of the combustion unit is supplied to the dehydrogenator, while one portion of the hydrogen manufactured by the dehydrogenator is supplied to the combustion unit.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen (claimed) for use in fuel cells used as electric-power-generation systems in motor vehicles, domestic electric power generating apparatuses, heat supply apparatuses, and other power sources.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus efficiently and rapidly manufactures hydrogen with a favorable thermal efficiency. The apparatus is compact. Since the hydride is heated by the exhaust-gas, the need for a heating fuel is eliminated. The hydride is heated immediately, and the start-up is carried out rapidly. The supply of oxygen to the dehydrogenator, and the generation of carbon monoxide within the dehydrogenation are prevented. The apparatus prevents poisoning of fuel cells, as the hydrocarbon mixed with hydrogen is absorb-removed. Hydrogen can be supplied to the combustion unit even during start-up. The temperature reduction of hydride is restrained, and the thermal efficiency of the apparatus is improved. The conveyance of raw material and handling of storage are easy. A large amount of hydrogen is efficiently obtained from a small amount of raw material. The catalyzed combustion of the hydrogen contained in the off gas emitted from the fuel cell is also carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the structure of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    Catalyzed-combustion unit (4)    Dehydrogenation catalyst (5)    Carbon-dioxide adsorber (10)    Heat exchanger (21)
NOVELTY - The valorization of the chemical energy of anode gas from a fuel cell (1) for the production of hydrogen consumed by the cell comprises the following stages: (a) preheating the anode gas leaving the anode compartment (3) of the cell by utilizing the surplus calorific energy of the hydrogen rich gas in the hydrogen generator (2); (b) raising the anode gas to an elevated temperature by oxidation of the residual combustible fractions; (c) extracting the calorific energy of the anode gas at elevated temperature in order to raise to appropriate temperatures at least a fraction of the heat necessary for the endothermic reactions of hydrogen generation and/or preheating the reagents entering the generator.    USE - For the valorization of the chemical energy of the anode gas from a fuel cell with applications for electric vehicles or the co-generation of heat and electricity in tertiary and residential applications.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows the valorization of the chemical energy of the anode gas from a fuel cell for the production of hydrogen consumed by the fuel cell. It is applicable for all types of fuel cell including proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC), Solid Oxide Fuel cells (SOFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFC) and to reactors for the production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for the valorization of the chemical energy of the anode gas from a fuel cell for the production of hydrogen consumed by the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a system for the valorization of the energy in the anode gas for the generation of hydrogen in accordance with the invention. (Drawing includes some non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Hydrogen generator (2)    Anode compartment (3)    Heat exchangers (4, 6, 7)    Post combustion chamber (5)    Control system (8)
NOVELTY - The air discharged from the air electrode (9) is supplied to the expander (10) after flowing through the heat exchanger (7).    USE - For fuel cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces energy consumption of air feeding system in the fuel cell system, which efficiently cools air to be fed to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system energy recovery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a functional block diagram of the fuel cell system.    fuel electrode (3)    compressor (6)    heat exchanger (7)    air electrode (9)    expander (10)    fuel cell (15)
NOVELTY - A reactor generates methane gas from freshly harvested farm plants. The reactor has a gas hood (1) with side sub-surface curtains extending into two troughs (5, 7). The troughs are separated from each other by a barrier (3) with an inclined crest (4). Each trough is open on one side to the ambient air and on the other to the reactor chamber under the hood (1).    USE - The reactor is useful for generating methane from farm plant residues, food residues, wood residues, slaughterhouse wastes by dry fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor operates a continuous anaerobic process and prepares biomass residues for conversion to compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first trough contains a percolated fluid (6) and the second trough contains water effluent (8). The plant residues are loaded into containers which are passed in succession via the first trough in which they are submerged and advance to the barrier. At the barrier the container is raised and transfers sideways over the barrier and is lowered into the water effluent and rinsed. The container is then advanced, raised and removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional side view of the reactor. (Drawing includes non English-language text).    Reactor housing (1)    Reactor base (2)    Foundation (3)    Drainage gully (4)    Submersion basin (5)    Percolated fluid (6)    Discharge basin (7)    Water effluent (8)    Container (9)    Biomass (10)    Gas outlet (11)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to one kind of microbial solid fermenting agent and its preparing process. Microbial seeds are cultured compositely to obtain the microbial seed combination for treating waste as resource. The fermentation process is anaerobic process, and has the advantages of less consumption of nutritive components, short period, low power consumption and high conversion rate. During the fermentation, microbes and its produced physiological metabolic matters can kill various pathogenic bacteria, decompose and convert various organic pollutants and produce various fermented products, such as organic fertilizer obtained via converting animal excrement, protein feed obtained via converting straw, fermented protein feed obtained via converting different leftover, etc.
NOVELTY - The waste water treating system in zero drainage dispersive waste water processing and utilizing technology includes biological fermentation system, marsh gas collecting system, dispersive water draining system, water purifying plant system and racks. The present invention utilizes the natural energy effectively and treats waste water dispersively via biological fermentation and plant absorption without need sewage pipeline. It can promote plant growth, purify air and environment, provides clean energy source and replenish underground water while purifying water. The present invention has the advantages of being economic, saving in water and environment friendly.
NOVELTY - A microbial aquatic breeding water improver features comprises bacteria micro algae, and consists of composite bacteria, microalgae, culture medium, molasses, trace element solution, corn powder, and solidifying material. The bacterial seeds are screened from water and sludge for aquatic breeding. The microbial aquatic breeding water improver can decompose residual bait, excrement, animal and plant remains in the water bottom to purify water and raise the survival rate of aquatic animals.
NOVELTY - A mixing vessel has two fuel and oxidant inlet pipes (14,40) and an outlet (60) set adjacent to partial oxidation (POX) reactor (61). One inlet pipe has tubes (24) with the discharge ends which are extended towards the outlet and are downstream of the discharge end of the other inlet pipe for mixing the fuel and oxidant close to the POX reactor to preclude the premature combustion of the mixture.    USE - For mixing gaseous fuel and oxidant for use in autothermal reformer (ATR), which provides hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents fuel from contact with oxidant until gaseous fuel or oxidant exist from tubes of one inlet pipe, thereby ensuring uniform mixing of fuel with oxidant in gaseous state before fuel-oxidant mixture passes through outlet into POX reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for supplying a mixture of fuel and air to autothermal reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of gaseous fuel and oxidant mixing apparatus.    Fuel and oxidant inlet pipes (14,40)    Tubes (24)    Distribution plate (26)    Outlet (60)    POX reactor (61)
NOVELTY - Production of fuel for fuel cell comprises reforming a hydrocarbon with steam in a cyclic reforming and regeneration process, comprising introducing the feed and steam through a first zone of a reactor containing bed packing material and reforming catalyst and passing the product through a second zone of the reactor containing bed packing material and transferring heat from the product to the packing material.    USE - For producing a fuel for a fuel cell, or for confined space applications, e.g. on board vehicle applications (e.g. passenger vehicles, trucks, or buses) for fuel cell powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The process is efficient in producing high partial pressures of hydrogen fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of a fuel for a fuel cell, comprises reforming a hydrocarbon containing feed with steam in a cyclic reforming and regeneration process, comprising introducing the feed and steam through a first zone of a reactor containing bed packing material and reforming catalyst at a space velocity of at least 500 under reforming conditions, passing at least a portion of the product through a second zone of the reactor containing bed packing material and transferring heat from the product to the packing material, removing all the product from the second zone, the product comprising a reform product enriched in hydrogen, introducing an oxygen containing gas into the second zone and combusting the gas and a fuel in a region proximate to an interface between the two zones to produce heat and a combustion product and transferring heat of the combusting to the bed packing material of the first zone, and removing all of the combustion product from the first zone; and supplying the reform product from the removing step to a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagrammatic illustration of pressure swing reforming using a dual bed, valved system.    Beds (220, 230)    Valves (251, 254, 256, 259)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide in a mixture of gases including oxygen and at least 65 vol.% hydrogen is oxidized by using unsupported catalyst made by combining aqueous iron/gold solution with an aqueous solution of alkali metal base to maintain a pH of 7-9 to produce solids, and calcining the ground solids.    USE - For oxidizing carbon monoxide in a mixture of gases including oxygen and at least 65 vol.% hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The gold catalyst does not require a separate solid or porous support and is highly efficient for the oxidation of carbon monoxide in mixed gases, particularly mixed gases containing a large excess of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Oxidation of carbon monoxide in a mixture of gases including oxygen and at least 65 vol.% hydrogen involves passing the mixture of gases through a catalyst bed comprising an unsupported catalyst made by preparing an aqueous iron/gold solution comprising an iron source and a gold source, gradually combining the iron/gold solution with an aqueous solution of an alkali metal base to maintain a pH of 7-9 in the combined solution as the solutions are combined to produce solids in the combined solution, separating the solids from the combined solution, washing the solids, drying the solids, grinding the solids to a size of 0.85-4.25 mm, calcining the solids, and activating the catalyst by passing a hydrogen and oxygen containing gas through the catalyst for at least 12 hours at 60-90degreesC.
NOVELTY - A synthesis gas product is produced by introducing a steam and hydrocarbon mixture into a reactor, compressing the steam and hydrocarbon mixture, raising the temperature of the steam and hydrocarbon mixture, spark igniting the steam and hydrocarbon gas mixture to facilitate the creation of a synthesis gas product, expanding the synthesis gas product, and exhausting the synthesis gas product.    USE - Used for producing a synthesis gas product, e.g. a hydrogen/carbon monoxide/methane mixture, from hydrocarbon fuel, used for operating a solid oxide fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process produces synthesis gas without the use of heat transfer, provides a rapid start and stopping procedure for producing synthesis gas, and reduces the size and cost in the production of synthesis gas products. It enables poisons, such as sulfur, nitrogen, and metals not to adversely affect the process or equipment; and enables organic sulfur compounds to thermally decompose to hydrogen sulfide that is easily removed with multiple conventional technologies.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the position of a spark initiated compression reformer cycle.    Piston chamber (10)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation apparatus (50) has a hydrogen separation component (53) selectively permeating hydrogen from one surface (I) to a second surface (II), a gas supply portion for supplying hydrogen-containing gas to the first surface (I), a gas passageway for conveying gas for conveying hydrogen, and a supply portion for supplying cathode off-gas from a cathode to the gas passageway. The supply portion vicinity has good heat resistance.    USE - Used for extracting hydrogen from a hydrogen-containing gas and supplying hydrogen to the anode of a fuel cell for generating electric power (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen separation apparatus has improved efficiency for extracting hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas. Reduction of hydrogen permeability and deterioration of hydrogen separation component are suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen separation apparatus has a hydrogen separation component selectively permeating hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas supplied from a first surface (I) to a second surface (II), a gas supply portion for supplying hydrogen-containing gas to the first surface (I), a gas passageway for conveying gas for conveying hydrogen permeated from the second surface (II) to the exterior of the hydrogen separation apparatus, and a supply portion for supplying cathode off-gas from a cathode to the gas passageway. The supply portion vicinity of the gas separation component has good heat resistance. The hydrogen separation apparatus extracts hydrogen from hydrogen-containing gas and supplies hydrogen to the anode of a fuel cell having a cathode supplied with oxygen for generating electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of a hydrogen separation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen separation apparatus (50)    Reformed-gas flow path (51)    Purge-gas flow path (52)    Hydrogen separation component (53)
NOVELTY - The high-temperature scavenging gas of specific amount, is circulated into a fuel reforming system based on the temperature of modification or carbon monoxide reduction catalyst, until reducing the catalyst temperature to a preset value. The low-temperature scavenging gas of amount more than circulation amount of high-temperature gas is circulated, when the catalyst temperature is reduced below a preset value.    USE - For use in fuel reforming system used for modifying hydrocarbon type fuel to hydrogen rich gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents deterioration of the modification catalyst and carbon monoxide catalyst, by preventing rise in the temperature of the catalysts. The stop time of the fuel reforming system is shortened and therefore energy consumption between each stop mode is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (3) equipped with the modification catalyst, generates reformed gas from source gas containing hydrocarbon and hydrogen. The carbon monoxide in the reformed gas is reduced by the carbon monoxide catalyst in a shifter (5).The circulation amount of the high-temperature scavenging gas is reduced, so that the temperature of the modification catalyst is high.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a fuel reforming system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reforming system (1)    evaporator (2)    modifier (3)    heat exchanger (4)    shifter (5)
NOVELTY - A pair of modifier units (Y1,Y2) has end plates (10A,11A) that are arranged opposite each other, and cylindrical portions (10B,11B) that are projected from end plates so that the portion (10B) is inserted into the portion (11B). When the units are mutually connected, a gap (r2) is formed between cylindrical portions, in fuel path (4), to accommodate catalyst layers (Ra,Rb).    USE - Multiple cylindrical type fuel modifier for reformation of original fuel to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas, for solid polymer type fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures length of fuel path for accommodating catalyst layers and reduces size of fuel modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of the multiple cylindrical type fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel path (4)    end plates (10A,11A)    cylindrical portions (10B,11B)    gap (r2)    modifier units (Y1,Y2)
NOVELTY - The reformer comprises a cylindrical reforming pipe assembly (1) of double-pipe structure, arranged at the central portion of a combustion furnace. A reforming catalyst (2) filled in the outer pipe of the double-pipe structure, has lower end arranged near the flame produced by a burner (13) of the furnace. A carbon monoxide removal catalyst layer (11) has the heat-transfer particles (12).    USE - For use with fuel cells used for electric power generation, to reform town gas or liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), using steam, to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas, and for use in hydrogen generator    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the size and weight of the reformer by arranging the pipe assembly at the central portion of the furnace. The heat of the combustion gas and the heat produced by the reforming process, is efficiently transferred to the reforming catalyst, by use of the heat-transfer particles.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pipe assembly (1)    reforming catalyst (2)    carbon monoxide removal catalyst layer (11)    heat-transfer particles (12)    burner (13)
NOVELTY - Organic material processing apparatus has aqueous layer on inner surface of reaction container (1). To-be-processed organic material is burnt using super or subcritical water in container (1). Supercritical water has both temperature and pressure more than critical points. Subcritical water has temperature more than Tc and pressure less than Pc.    USE - For processing organic material, such as excretion of livestock e.g. cow, coal, timber, straw, sewage, methane, propane and fuel oil.    ADVANTAGE - The organic material processing apparatus suppresses precipitation of salts within the reaction container, and prevents occlusion of piping and reduction of heat transfer efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing organic material, which involves burning to-be-processed organic material in supercritical or subcritical water, cooling wall surface of reaction container and forming an aqueous liquid layer on the inner surface of the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic material processing apparatus.    reaction container (1)    inner pipe (2)    outer pipe (3)    alcohol service tank (4)    water service tank (5)
NOVELTY - The organic waste is sterilized, supplied to a decomposition tank containing microbes and subjected to microbial decomposition.    USE - For microbial decomposition of organic waste such as organic refuse discarded from houses, restaurants, hospitals, schools and food industries, paper garbages and sludge, useful in production of compost fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables stable and safe decomposition of organic waste by microbes for prolonged period. The method has excellent stability and reliability.
NOVELTY - Odorless-fermented degradation promotion liquid of organic material is obtained by heat pasteurizing nutrient liquid at 70-80 degreesC, cooling, adding spawn containing Lactobacillus separated from grains and yeast, and fermenting, where the pH of the obtained liquid is 3-4, and the nutrient liquid contains treacle and rice bran added to water heated at 30-40 degreesC.    USE - For preventing bad smell from organic waste material such as sludge emitted from sewage disposable plant, foodstuffs residue emitted from foodstuff factory, catering trade and home, and livestock excretion emitted from stock raising industry, slaughter house, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method is efficient, less time consuming and the bad smell of organic material is suppressed rapidly and continuously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method for manufacturing a compost by preventing bad smell of organic matter, which involves adding odorless-fermented degradation promotion liquid, rice bran, compost and chaff with solid-liquid mixture of organic material, stirring the raw material uniformly until the moisture content is 5-70 %, deodorizing the raw material for 24-48 hours and subjecting to anaerobic fermentation at 35-50 degreesC for 2 weeks. The anaerobic fermentation is performed by supplying gas and by stirring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of method for manufacturing compost by preventing bad smell of organic material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A recombinant microorganism (I) produced by transducing cellulose degradation enzyme gene, connected to the promoter region of the gene that does not receive catabolite suppression, in an anaerobic microbe.    USE - (I) is useful for anaerobic digestion of organic waste, which involves fermenting organic waste in an anaerobic condition using (I) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (V) efficiently improves decomposition of organic waste, and organic waste such as glucose, starch can be easily degraded. (I) can degrade large quantities of organic wastes.
NOVELTY - Greening of slope face involves providing a blend containing seaweed mineral, sludge fermented fertilizer, microbes having ability to compost wood chip, wood chip and processed plant material, at the slope face in layers. The seaweed mineral is contained in the seaweed residual matter, which is obtained after extracting agar component from seaweed. The blend further contains seaweed residual matter.    USE - For greening slope face.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to perform greening of slope faces easily and efficiently. The waste plant materials and seaweed residual materials are recycled efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of slope face greening. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Greening an inclined surface comprises forming a plant cultivation base material by mixing seaweed residual material after extracting the agar component from seaweed, forming a base (12) for growing plants on a surface and placing the base in layers on the surface.    USE - Used for growing plants on a green surface.    ADVANTAGE - The plant cultivation base is manufactured using seaweed residual material at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for plant cultivation base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of an inclined face having a plant cultivation base.    Inclined surface (11)    Plant cultivation base (12)
NOVELTY - The gas generator is designed to produce gases such as hydrogen or oxygen from solid reagents and fluid reagents. It comprises a reservoir (1) for a fluid reagent, a pump (2) and distribution circuit (3), and a movable barrel (4) with eight chambers to hold cartridges (5) of solid reagent, surmounted by an outlet manifold (6) for the product gas, connected via a non-return valve to a buffer reservoir (7).    USE - Generating gases from solid and fluid reagents for use e.g. in respirators, heat engines, fuel cells for producing electricity or for inert gases.    ADVANTAGE - The generator avoids the need to store combustible gases and the attendant risks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas generator is designed to produce gases such as hydrogen or oxygen from solid reagents such as hydrides enclosed in fusible capsules of gelatin or other materials that do not deteriorate in air, and fluid reagents such as water. It consists of a reservoir (1) for a fluid reagent, a pump (2) and distribution circuit (3), and a movable barrel (4) with eight chambers to hold cartridges (5) of a solid reagent, surmounted by an outlet manifold (6) for the gas produced by the reaction, which is connected via a non-return valve to a buffer reservoir (7). The fluid reagent is injected into each cartridge in a series of bursts until all the solid reagent is used up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic cross- section and plan view of the gas generator.    Liquid reagent reservoir (1)    Pump (2)    Distribution circuit (3)    Barrel (4)    Cartridge (5)    Outlet manifold (6)    Buffer reservoir (7)
NOVELTY - An assembly removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from methane biogas is new. The assembly has a helical compressor (10) driving the mixed gases at 8 bar through an absorption column (14) filled with bulk grains, upwards through an oncoming sprayed down-flow of a washing liquid.    USE - Assembly to remove carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide from methane biogas.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly renders the methane suitable for use as a fuel in an internal combustion engine or fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An assembly removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide from methane biogas is new. The assembly has a helical compressor (10) driving the mixed gases at 8 bar through an absorption column (14) filled with bulk grains, upwards through an oncoming sprayed down-flow of a washing liquid. The assembly further has a condensate drain (14) from which any escaping gas is returned to the column (12). The assembly further has a flash vessel (16) in which washing fluid is decompressed to 2 bar and from which escaping methane recovered, and a washing fluid heater (18). Warmed washing fluid is sprayed into a desorption column (20) and trickles down through a mass of bulk grains. A blower (22) drives air upwards through the trickling washing fluid, removing hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. A pump (24) returns regenerated washing fluid from the desorption column (20) to the absorption column (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a block diagram of the process. (Drawing contains non English-language text).    Compressor (10)    Adsorption column (12)    Condensate separator (14)    Flash vessel (16)    Heater (18)    Desorption column (20)    Blower (22)    Pump (24)    Contra-flow heat exchanger (26)    Filter (28)    Cooling unit (30)
NOVELTY - An oxidant distribution plate (3) is arranged opposite to oxidant electrode for supplying oxidant gas to oxidant electrode. A fuel distribution plate (4) is arranged opposite to fuel electrode (12). The plates have backside channels (31,41) that are formed opposing to membrane electrode assembly (MEA), and reaction channels (32,42) that are formed to communicate with backside channels.    USE - Fuel cell such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell for vehicles, electric machines and electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE - Enables humidifying oxidant gas or fuel flowing through backside channels by effectively utilizing water within the cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for oxidizing agent supplying flow board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of the fuel cell.    Oxidant distribution plate (3)    Fuel distribution plate (4)    Fuel electrode (12)    Backside channels (31,41)    Reaction channels (32,42)
NOVELTY - A catalytic composition comprises a lanthanide(s), a metal(s) belonging to group VIII B, and a zeolite comprising zeolite Y or zeolite Y modified by the partial or total substitution of silicon with titanium or germanium and/or the partial or total substitution of aluminum with iron, gallium, or boron.    USE - The invention is used for the preparation of linear alkanes (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides best results in terms of activity and duration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (a) a method for the preparation of the catalytic composition comprising treating the zeolite with a lanthanide compound, treating the product thus obtained with a metal of group VIII B, drying, and calcining; and    (b) a method for the preparation of linear alkanes comprising putting a mixture containing aromatic compounds in contact with the catalytic composition.
NOVELTY - The system (10) has a fuel cell stack (12) with an anode passage (14) and a cathode passage (16). An oxidant source is connected to the cathode passage. The oxidant source has a passage including a compressor (18) and a recirculation passage (28) connecting an outlet of the compressor with an inlet of the compressor. The recirculation passage has a recirculation valve (30) for opening and closing the recirculation passage.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The recirculation passage re-introduces the high pressure excess air to the compressor inlet, thereby minimizing the audible whistle effect. The recirculation valve allows the system to maintain its requested pressure and flow by recirculation of compressed air from the outlet of the compressor back to its inlet, thereby subjecting the compressor to a higher mass flow rate where it can make more pressure without surging through the compressor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of avoiding surge in a centrifugal compressor of a fuel cell system including a cathode passage connected to a fuel cell stack with the centrifugal compressor being disposed in the cathode passage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system having a centrifugal compressor and a surge avoidance system.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel cell stack (12)    Anode passage (14)    Cathode passage (16)    Compressor (18)    Recirculation passage (28)    Recirculation valve (30)
NOVELTY - Fuel feed pump (13) supplies methanol in a fuel cartridge (12) to a mixing tank (14). A cell stack (11) generates electromotive force by chemical reaction between aqueous methanol solution supplied to an anode and air supplied to a cathode. The air is discharged from a cathode is cooled to generate water such that the water from a cooler (15) is supplied to the mixing tank.    USE - For use as power supply to drive electronic devices e.g. notebook type personal computer, portable information terminal.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable generation of electric power for long time, by the cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of direct-methanol-type fuel cell system.    cell stack (11)    fuel cartridge (12)    fuel feed pump (13)    mixing tank (14)    cooler (15)
NOVELTY - Scrap wood containing 5% or less of volatile matter is mixed with iron ore in a raw material mixture containing coke, and the raw material mixture is inserted into the blast furnace from the top.    USE - Used for inserting raw material into a blast furnace.    ADVANTAGE - The insertion of raw material into a blast furnace is performed stably and efficiently, and the blast furnace operation is improved. The amount of coke in the raw material is reduced by mixing scrap wood.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has gas channels (36,37) which connect the reactive gas feed pipes (32,33) and the manifolds (30,31) that distribute reactive gas to the laminate of cells (19). A distribution board (38) is installed in the gas channels and is extended along direction parallel to cell lamination direction.    USE - Used for e.g. solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses generation of rotational flow of reactive gas and eddy current arising in the manifolds without pressure loss so equalizing distribution of gas to each cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded section of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cell (19)    Reactive gas manifolds (30,31)    Reactive gas feed pipes (32,33)    Gas channels (36,37)    Distribution board (38)
NOVELTY - Fuel gas such as sewage gas is heated with an electric heater (2) installed in a harmful gas removal apparatus (1).    USE - For removal of harmful gas from fuel gas such as sewage gas obtained from sludge disposal system and used in power generation plant.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the electric heater, the relative humidity of the fuel gas is reduced, therefore dew formation and moisture adsorption in adsorption agent such as activated carbon is prevented. The ejection of harmful gas is prevented, since the harmful gas is sucked by the activated carbon. The harmful gas components from the fuel gas is fully prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the heat exchanger which cools the fuel gas with a coolant after harmful gas removal in combustion chamber and before air supply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the power generation plant with the harmful gas removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    harmful gas removal apparatus (1)    electric heater (2)    temperature indicator (3)    engine (4)    power generation plant (A)
NOVELTY - A tar-containing gas (1) is oil-scrubbed with treated oil. The oil-scrubbed gas is water-scrubbed with wash water and tar-containing gas is cleaned due to the reduction of the content of tar.    USE - For cleaning tar-containing gas used for manufacturing combustible gas (claimed) used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the continuous removal of tar contained in combustible gas. The manufacture of combustible gas from carbon-containing material such as refuse and biomass is continuously enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of combustible gas, which involves gasifying a gasification raw material, producing combustible gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and tar, and sequentially carrying out oil scrubbing and water scrubbing of tar-containing combustible gas;    (2) washing apparatus of tar-containing gas, which has an oil scrubber (102) and a water scrubber (108); and    (3) combustible gas manufacturing apparatus, which has a gasifier (A) for gasifying gasification raw material and producing combustible gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and tar, oil scrubber and water scrubber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart illustrating the cleaning of tar-containing gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tar-containing gas (1)    Product gas (4)    Circulation-treated oil (11)    Circulation wash water (21)    Light tar (33)    Oil scrubber (102)    Water scrubber (108)    Gasifier (A)
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing organic fertilizer involves adding organic fertilizer raw material and metallic compound such as iron and aluminum, and fermenting the mixture.    USE - For promoting growth of flower, vegetables, rice, wheat, beans, trees, fruit tree, maize, spinach, Brassica campestris, rice, Chinese green leaves (Brassica chinensis), turnip, ginseng, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic fertilizer has excellent growth promoting effect with respect to plant, decreases portion for total nitrogen in the soil, and is eco-friendly. The organic fertilizer has high concentration of inorganic nitrogen and water-soluble organic nitrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A water-splitting composite medium has fine powder of hydrogen-burning catalyst. The catalyst is dispersed and supported by the surface of the water-splitting medium.    USE - Hydrogen supply system for fuel cells (claimed) of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The water-splitting medium enables start-up in a short time. The hydrogen supply system is efficient and lightweight and has compact and simple structure. The start-ability and thermal efficiency of hydrogen supply system are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen supply system for fuel cells. The supply system has a reaction container filled with water-splitting composite medium and thermometry unit for measuring inside temperature of the container. The reaction container is heated by hydrogen burning reaction, which uses hydrogen and oxidizing agent gas as a raw material. The hydrogen supply system performs hydrogen production by water-splitting reaction, which uses water as raw material. The hydrogen burning reaction and water-splitting reaction are controlled by switching introduction of hydrogen and oxidizing agent gas into the reaction container, and introduction of water, based on the thermometry value measured by thermometry unit.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing lactic acid comprising solubilizing foodstuff waste material using explosive break processing, performing lactic acid fermentation of the foodstuff waste material and fermenting the solubilized liquid using saccharogenic amylase and Lactobacillus.    USE - The lactic acid is useful as raw material for biodegradable plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The vegetable food waste material is utilized efficiently for the manufacture of lactic acid. The lactic acid is manufactured at low cost.
NOVELTY - The hydrophilic flexible polyurethane foam has time until the top of a sample is entered below water surface, of less than 5 hours, when the sample with size of 10 mmx10 mmx10 mm is floated on distilled water and left under atmospheric pressure.    USE - For microorganisms immobilization support used for purification of waste water, and for waste water purifier.    ADVANTAGE - The flexible polyurethane foam has excellent hydrophilicity. Waste water can be purified efficiently by using the microorganisms immobilization support containing the hydrophilic flexible polyurethane foam. The microorganisms immobilization support has excellent hydrophilicity, and is effectively used within aerator similar to usual immobilization support. The flexible polyurethane foam does not have cell membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of hydrophilic flexible polyurethane foam;    (2) microorganisms immobilization support;    (3) waste water purification method; and    (4) waste water purifier.
NOVELTY - A pressurization and magnetization steam decompose treatment apparatus has a decompose-treatment container for storing the inflammable waste material and a stirring blade. The blade is stirred by steam and pressure, and the waste material is subjected to pressure-decomposition, hydrolysis and magnetic force decomposition. The obtained treated substance is used as manure and organic fertilizer.    USE - For treating and recycling inflammable waste material as organic fertilizer and manure.    ADVANTAGE - The pressurization and magnetization steam decompose treatment apparatus recycles the waste material completely and efficiently, and reduces the resources for recycling. The apparatus suppresses bad smell and produces valuable by-products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the float sheet of pressurization and magnetization steam processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen flow control valve (9) controls flow amount of hydrogen in anode bypass line (11) branched from an anode line (7). A turbine (17) that drives an air blower (23) connected to cathode bypass line (27), is driven by hydrogen flowing through the anode bypass line.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electric power generation efficiency even if electric power for driving electric drive compressor that supplies air to fuel cell is insufficient, and reduces operator's burden.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    anode line (7)    control valve (9)    anode bypass line (11)    turbine (17)    air blower (23)    cathode line (21)    cathode bypass line (27)
NOVELTY - The procedure consists of treating a feed gas mixture in a permeation unit (3) containing a membrane (4) with an inlet (2) for the feed gas (1) and an outlet (5) for the residual gas (6) on one side and inlet (8) for a scavenging gas (7) and an outlet (9) for the permeate (10) on the other. The flow of the scavenging gas, which can be an external gas or a fraction of the feed gas, is adjusted according to at least one parameter of one or more of the feed and output gases. The parameter can be, for example, the flow or content of one of the gas mixture components as measured by a detector (15) in the permeate outlet line. Using a feed gas flow with a hydrogen content of 65 - 75 per cent at a nominal flow rate of 8000 N cubic metres per hour, a feed pressure of about 60 bars and a permeate pressure of about 30 bars, the hydrogen content of the output gas can be maintained at 90 mol percent with a scavenging gas flow varying between about 450 and 270 N cubic metres per hour.    USE - Producing a gas with a high hydrogen content from a gas mixture of hydrogen, methane and hydrocarbons, using a scavenging gas such as low temperature nitrogen or a fraction of the feed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The procedure permits the maintenance of a high hydrogen content in the permeate gas with different feed gas parameters.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic view of the gas treatment apparatus.    Feed gas (1)    Feed gas inlet (2)    Permeation unit (3)    Membrane (4)    Residual gas outlet (5)    Residual gas (6)    Scavenging gas (7)    Scavenging gas inlet (8)    Permeate (9)    Permeate outlet (10)    Detector (15)
NOVELTY - The burner of the hydrogen gas reformer is provided with a flame detection rod (103) and is supplied with hydrogen gas containing suitable amount of fuel gas for detecting flame.    USE - Fuel cell system used as generator set (GS) in home, office and also connected to hot water storage tank that utilizes exhaust heat of fuel cell system to supply hot water to kitchen, bathroom.    ADVANTAGE - The flame detection rod performs flame off detection without requiring supply of additional raw fuel to the burner, hence efficiency is improved and structure is simplified. Reduces load to co eliminator due to use of reforming catalyst made of Ru and Rh.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows illustrating the installation of flame rod system.    burner (100)    burner head (101)    insulation ceramic (102)    flame detection rod (103)
NOVELTY - In pyrolysis for the disposal of refuse containing hydrocarbon residues, the residues are introduced into a reactor in a clean or soiled condition, in a wet or dry condition. The residues are either crushed, or shredded, or not reduced in size. The reactor is sealed air-tight prior to pyrolysis.    USE - Used for the pyrolysis of residues, e.g. organic residues, animal carcasses, bones or other biomass.    ADVANTAGE - Removal of the reactor from the oven facilitates operation of a quasi-continuous process with higher throughput.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactor is placed inside a pyrolysis oven and has a gas exhaust which allows the reaction to take place under ambient pressure conditions. The oven temperature is raised in stages to ca. 600degreesC, with intervening periods of stable temperature that allow the completion of certain physical and chemical processes. Gases are discharged via a cooling assembly and pyrolysis oil is recovered for use elsewhere. Non-condensed gases are discharged through a filter. After reaching 600degreesC the pyrolysis reactor is removed from the oven but remains linked to the exhaust. The reactor then cools to between 20degreesC and 40degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the general arrangement of a pyrolysis assembly. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (1)    Pyrolysis oven (2)    Pyrolysis gas outlet (3)    Gas cooling (4)    Expansion chamber (5)    Pyrolysis oil trap (6)    Filter (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen purification material comprises a powder metallurgical material comprising Zr, Al and Ti, and has grain size of 100-300 nm. The novel hydrogen purifying material can absorb various impurity gases, such as oxygen, nitrogen, CO, CO2, water vapor, methane, etc. from hydrogen while absorbing no hydrogen, so that it may be contained inside a sealed container to purify hydrogen continuously in large flow rate.    USE - For hydrogen purification.    ADVANTAGE - The novel material cost is lower than a conventional Pd and Pd alloy.
NOVELTY - The novel alloy contains calcium, misch metal, nickel and semi-metal, and is represented by specific formula.    USE - For hydrogen storage.    ADVANTAGE - The stability of calcium-misch metal-nickel based alloy is improved without reducing its storage capacity. The alloy is capable of absorbing and desorbing hydrogen from gas phase at ambient temperature with a relative flat plateau pressure, and has storage capacity larger than 1.2 wt.%. Therefore, capacity loss of alloy is not observed even after 500 hydrogen absorption and desorption cycles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The novel calcium-misch metal-nickel based alloy of AB5 type is represented by formula:    (CaxM1-x)t(Ni1-yTy)5    where M is metal(s) chosen from misch metal (Mm), yttrium and other rare-earth metals, T is semi-metal(s) such as silicon, germanium and gallium, x is greater than 0 and at most 1, y is greater than 0 and at most 0.5, and t is 0.8-1.2.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of novel alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the curve showing the hydrogen storage capacity of alloy of formula ((Ca0.64Mm0.36)1.1Ni4.9Si0.1) as a function of pressure after 3 cycles and 250 cycles.
NOVELTY - A lower paraffin-containing gas containing low b.pt. component having b.pt. or sublimation point lower than the b.t. of propane, is produced from a synthesis gas in the presence of a catalyst. The low b.pt. component is separated from the lower paraffin-containing gas and a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) having propane or butane is produced.    USE - For manufacturing liquefied petroleum gas such as propane gas from carbon-containing material such as natural gas and synthetic gas, used as domestic fuel, industrial fuel, motor vehicle fuel and fuel for stove and disposable lighter.    ADVANTAGE - The liquefied petroleum gas having high propane and butane concentration, is economically manufactured by consuming less amount of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of liquefied petroleum gas manufacturing apparatus (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification catalyst (1a)    Reactor (2)    Catalyst for manufacture of lower-paraffin (2a)    Separator (3)    Recycle line (16)
NOVELTY - Treatment of waste, comprises collecting the waste material in treatment vessel; subjecting waste to environment comprising 150-170degreesC and 4-6 bar for 60 minutes; recovering part of waste material from treatment vessel; transferring treated waste to further treatment vessel; subjecting treated waste to bacterial digestion; and recovering the treated waste for disposal in environmentally acceptable manner.    USE - For treating a municipal solid waste, from cities, towns and villages, to form a compost-like material which may be applied to land (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fiber product which requires controlled and specialized disposal can be treated to provide a clean and compost-like material which can be applied to land. The process does not require the burning or destruction of waste materials to produce gas. The double treatment process enables the treatment of almost anything found in a mixed municipal waste stream. The system enables the treatment of water without the need for twin bin or other separate collection systems. The double system runs at a sufficient temperature to ensure that pathogenic and parasitic organisms are killed and the system can result in as much as 80% and potentially more than 85% of the mixed municipal waste stream being recycled. Even where separate collection exists, it allows for additional re-cycling which will assist local authorities to reach their required target.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a loading hopper that is provided in association with a loading conveyor.    Conveyor (4)    Autoclave (8)    Accumulator system (10)    Unloading conveyor (12)    Picking belt (16)    Auger (18)    Tank (24)
NOVELTY - Treatment of organic waste material comprises subjecting organic waste material in solid form to heat treatment process, where bioavailability of a resulting hydrolyzed product is increased for later treatment; and subjecting the hydrolyzed product for an anaerobic fermentation process(es), where biogas is produced and an organic residue is formed.    USE - The method is for treatment of organic waste material, which is waste from livestock production or breeding and/or animal waste product (claimed), e.g. manure, or from industries, fisheries, institutions, and households.    ADVANTAGE - The method achieves lower waste treatment costs; lower initial cost for the installation for the waste treatment; is a more environment-friendly waste treatment; hygienic and health secure waste treatment; gives a higher energy yield from the waste treatment; and lower energy consumption for waste treatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram illustrating the treatment of organic waste material.
NOVELTY - A reaction tank (2) generates a reaction gas from reaction solution supplied from a liquid storage tank (1). A reaction solution supply regulator supplies reaction solution from liquid storage tank to reaction tank, when the pressure of the storage tank is higher than pressure in reaction tank, and stops supply of reaction solution when the pressure of storage tank is lower than pressure in reaction tank.    USE - For motor vehicle. Also for power supply to portable devices, electrical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling the amount of supply of the reaction solution, according to the drive condition of the fuel cell. Hence the need for electrical processing and the electronic components required for control, is eliminated, thereby reducing energy consumption, manufacturing cost and the number of components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic drawing of the fuel cell system.    liquid storage tank (1)    reaction tank (2)    gas storage tank (3)    anode (4a)    cathode (4c)
NOVELTY - A controller (34) regulates anode and cathode off-gas control valves (35,36) during an ignition period until a catalytic combustor (7) is sufficiently activated from commencement of the supply of mixed gas to the combustor. This maintains concentration of mixed gas in a given range such that after ignition has elapsed, the gas is supplied to the combustor even if concentration deviates from the given range.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures that fuel cell system can be operated under an appropriate condition depending on the condition of the catalytic combustor. Reduces emission of unburned gas since the catalytic combustor can be rapidly activated. Ensures that exhaust gas can be safely exhausted outside the system by selecting fuel gas concentration range during the ignition period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the overall structural view of a fuel cell system.    Catalytic combustor (7)    Humidifier (10)    Mixer (23)    Anode off-gas control valve (35)    Cathode off-gas control valve (36)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack has stacked fuel cell elements (2) with several parallel longitudinal combustion gas channels (6), a distribution zone (7) and a collection zone (8) on a first side and an oxidant guide (9) on the second side running in the same direction as the longitudinal channels that is open to the side of the fuel cell stack for in feed of oxidant.    USE - For generating a voltage from an electrochemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Can operate in direct flow or counterflow technology and yet enables simple system connection while guaranteeing a high oxidant throughput.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of a fuel cell element    fuel cell element (2)    longitudinal combustion gas channels (6)    distribution zone (7)    collection zone (8)    oxidant guide (9)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas separator (100) has substrate (111) having cavity (110), gas transmissive layer (200) dividing cavity on the substrate, as base material, gas introducing chamber (220) for introducing source gas, and gas lead-out chamber (240) for letting out hydrogen gas separated from source gas. The transmissive layer is formed from proton-electron mixed conductive ceramics having proton conductivity and electronic conductivity.    USE - For fuel cell electric power generation system and hydrogen-burning type engine.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas separator enables manufacturing gas with high hydrogen concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the hydrogen gas separator.    hydrogen gas separator (100)    cavity (110)    substrate (111)    gas transmissive layer (200)    gas introducing chamber (220)    gas lead-out chamber (240)
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system (S1) for producing hydrogen comprises a primary reactor (a) from hydrocarbon fuel to generate reformate gas (G1) having hydrogen and other by-products; and an absorber device (b) for receiving the reformate gas from (a) and adsorbing the by-products to generate nearly pure stream of hydrogen gas.    USE - For generating hydrogen gas for a fuel cell engine in a vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel processor produces high purity hydrogen gas; does not require preferential oxidation reactor and precious metals for CO cleaning, thus reducing system cost. The bi-products of the reformate gas can be used as a fuel in a combustor that generates heat for the primary reactor.
NOVELTY - A direct type liquid fuel cell power generator comprises a first flow path plate (102) having a first flow path (101) that passes so as to come into contact with all anode electrodes of electromotive portion unit group without branching from an inlet to an outlet, and is formed so as to come into contact with an anode electrode of the electromotive portion units.    USE - Used as liquid fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - The direct type liquid fuel cell power generator obtains a stable output by improving a shape of a flow path of a flow path plate through which a flue flows.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A direct type liquid fuel cell power generator comprises an electromotive portion unit group of electromotive portion units formed by sandwiching an electrolyte film between an anode electrode including an anode catalyst layer and a cathode electrode including a cathode catalyst layer; a first flow path plate having formed in the plate, a first flow path which is disposed in abutment with the anode electrode of the electrode portion unit group and through which a fuel flows; and a second flow path plate having a second flow path which is disposed in abutment with the cathode electrode of the electrode portion unit group and through which an oxidizing agent flows. The first flow path passes so as to come into contact with all anode electrodes of the electromotive portion unit group without branching from an inlet to an outlet, and is formed so as to come into contact with an anode electrode of the electromotive portion units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a view of a direct type methanol fuel cell power generator.    Flow path (101)    Path plate (102)    Fuel path plate (103)    Fuel flow path (104)    Supply post (105)
NOVELTY - The cell has an outer screen shell (12) with a corrugated gas chamber wall (14) of a gas passing chamber. Active reactant gas e.g. air, enters the chamber via inlet opening (20) in chamber bottom plate (22) and exits via an outlet opening (24) in top plate (26). The shell and wall define independent gas channels that are located outside and about the wall. The wall has layers of current collector and electrode units.    USE - Used for generating electric current.    ADVANTAGE - The unique compact design of the cell reduces a cross-sectional area or footprint of the cell and increases its output, while allowing a gap-free and connector free union of the cells in any space-fitting pattern. The curvilinear chamber wall provides a compact, structurally strong, lightweight and inexpensive cell design increasing the current working surface area and respective current output by 40 percentage in comparison with the analogous tubular cell design. The cell polygons allow a gap-free attachment of the adjacent cells to form modules of various shapes and without bulky edge and bipolar plates, gaskets, screws and other connectors present in traditional cells. The multi-functional gas chamber wall serves as a cell frame, water drain conduit, pressurized gas container and electric current connector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a polygonal fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic longitudinal cross sectional view of a fuel cell.    Outer screen shell (12)    Gas chamber wall (14)    Inlet opening (20)    Bottom plate (22)    Outlet opening (24)    Top plate (26)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a current-collecting plate that engages a gas-permeable current collector and defines a gas flow-field confronting the current collector. The flow-field defines a set of gas flow-channels, each flow-channel has an inlet leg (96), an exit leg (100), and a branched midsection between legs. The midsection adjoined to inlet and exit legs that communicate with a supply manifold (72) and an exhaust manifold (74).    USE - Used as a power source.    ADVANTAGE - The flow-channels with branched midsections adjoined to inlet and exit legs communicate with the supply and exhaust manifolds, thereby providing lower manifold-to-manifold pressure drops. The branched flow-channels provide alternative routes for the reactive gas to flow within a single flow-channel if one of the branches of a flow-channel becomes plugged with water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of the bipolar plate.    Supply manifold (72)    Exhaust manifold (74)    Inlet leg (96)    Exit leg (100)    Slot (110)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a current-collecting plate that engages a gas-permeable current collector and defines a gas flow-field confronting the current collector. The flow-field defines a set of gas flow-channels (66), each flow-channel has an inlet leg (96), and an exit leg. Flow-restrictors (94,102) in the flow-channels achieve the desired pressure differentials.    USE - Used as a power source.    ADVANTAGE - The flow restrictors located throughout the flow-field achieves the desired pressure differentials between supply and exhaust manifolds, thereby offering significant design flexibility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows an enlargement of a portion of the bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.    Plate (58)    Flow-channels (66)    Supply manifold (72)    Flow-restrictors (94,102)    Inlet leg (96)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a current-collecting plate (119) that engages a gas-permeable current collector and defines a gas flow-field confronting the current collector. The flow- field defines a set of gas flow-channels (120), each flow-channel has an inlet leg (122), an exit leg (124), and a branched midsection between legs. The midsection adjoined to inlet and exit legs communicates with a supply manifold and an exhaust manifold.    USE - Used as a power source.    ADVANTAGE - The flow-channels with branched midsections adjoined to inlet and exit legs communicate with the supply and exhaust manifolds, thereby providing lower manifold-to-manifold pressure drops. The branched flow-channels provide alternative routes for the reactive gas to flow within a single flow-channel if one of the branches of a flow-channel becomes plugged with water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view showing a current collecting plate.    Current collecting plate (119)    Flow channels (120)    Inlet leg (122)    Exit leg (124)    Branches (126,128)
NOVELTY - A fuel cartridge (10) comprises a free space portion and a filler insert (12) including an absorbent material capable of wicking fuel (20) by capillary action. The filler insert is in contact with the fuel at any orientation of the cartridge and at any fuel level.    USE - For direct methanol fuel cells (DMFC).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cartridge possesses high storage capacity and does not require a pressurized source to transport the fuel to the proton exchange membrane (PEM).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of a fuel cartridge oriented in an arbitrary position.    Fuel cartridge (10)    Filler insert (12)    Disks (14)    Connecting column (16)    Fuel (20)    Outlet port (24)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a current-collecting plate that engages a gas-permeable current collector and defines a gas flow-field confronting the current collector. The flow-field defines a set of gas flow-channels (66) each having inlet and exit legs communicating with supply and exhaust manifold. Flow-restrictors (94,102) are in the flow-channels, where one channel has a crossection area lesser than the other area.    USE - Used as a power source.    ADVANTAGE - The flow restrictors located throughout the flow-field achieves the desired pressure differentials between supply and exhaust manifolds, thereby offering significant design flexibility, especially with non-serpentine channels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlargement of a portion of the bipolar plate of a proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.    Plate (58)    Flow-channels (66)    Supply manifold (72)    Flow-restrictors (94,102)    Inlet leg (96)
NOVELTY - The system (10`) has hot zone components (14a, 14b) receiving retractable connectors (34a, 34b) having two concentric expandable bellows coupled between a plenum and a nipple unit with a central passage. A return spring between the component and the nipple unit urges the nipple unit to disconnect an air supply line from a hot zone by collapsing one bellow to break a conductive heat path when the blower is inoperative.    USE - Used for a fuel cell assembly (claimed) having a solid-oxide fuel cell (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - The return spring urges the nipple unit to disconnect the air supply line from the hot zone to break the conductive heat path when the blower is inoperative, thus automatically disconnects the line to retain a high temperature within the high zone for permitting a rapid restart and also provides the use of low-cost material for the supply line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a hot zone component socket and retractable nipple arrangement but configured for a plurality of hot zone components.    Retractable connector system (10`)    Socket units (12a, 12b)    Hot zone components (14a, 14b)    Connectors (34a, 34b)    Nipple unit passages (42a, 42b)
NOVELTY - Producing a cattle feed using rice straw as a main component of a roughage material and pineapple silage as a main component of a feed additive and then fermenting the components under anaerobic conditions is provided. The produced cattle feed increases the fecundity of ruminants, in particular dairy cattle, promotes fertility and lowers somatic cell count in the milk of lactating ruminants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cattle feed is prepared by mixing a roughage material containing rice straw as a main material and 1-20 % by weight of a feed additive containing pineapple silage as a main material, based on the weight of the roughage material, compressing and fermenting the granular feed. The roughage material contains 40-70 parts by weight of rice straw and 30-50 parts by weight of alfalfa and the feed additive contains 40-90 parts by weight of seaweeds selected from kelp, brown algae, laver and green laver and 10-60 parts by weight of pineapple silage.
NOVELTY - A portable fuel cell having an MEMS filter, an MEMS (microelectromechanical system) filter and its preparation method are provided, to improve the porosity and performance of a filter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The portable fuel cell comprises a substrate constituting a container capable of receiving a liquid fuel comprising hydrogen; an MEMS filter(200) which is formed with the substrate in a body by MEMS process and passes the hydrogen through; an anode(230) which is formed on the upper part of the MEMS filter and generates electrons by the electrochemical oxidation of the hydrogen; and a cathode(370) which generates an electric energy by the electrochemical reduction of oxygen of an oxidizing agent. Preferably the MEMS process is a porous silicon process. The MEMS filter comprises a substrate constituting a container capable of receiving a liquid fuel; and a plurality of cylindrical pores formed on the substrate by the metal mask where pores are patterned.
NOVELTY - A flammables (a) are quantitatively extruded in a fluid bed (5) of a gasifier (2). The flammables are compressed and sealed inside the gasifier. The extruded flammables are gasified in the fluid bed.    USE - For gasifying flammables such as industrial waste, municipal solid waste and biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The method maintains the gasification state stably in furnace, and produces gasification products stably. The gasifier has excellent sealing performance, and prevents leakage of gas from the furnace and flammables supply unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) gasifier having a flammables supply unit (13) and fluid bed; and    (2) gasification melting system having fluid bed gasifier (2) and a melting furnace (7) for melting and producing slag from ash content of the product obtained from the gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of gasification melting system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fluid bed gasifier (2)    dispersing plate (4)    fluid bed (5)    melting furnace (7)    flammables supply unit (13)    supply port (14)    flammables (a)
NOVELTY - A fuel reforming system has heat conductivity of a catalyst support (12) of fuel modification unit (10) that is lower than the heat conductivity of the catalyst support (20) of a gas transformation unit (15). The gas transformation unit removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas produced.    USE - For reforming of gas containing hydrogen gas as main component before supply to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the heat conductivity relationship, the heat transfer from the fuel modification unit is made easy. Therefore, the temperature of the fuel modification unit is raised gently. Shortens warming up time and prevents the catalyst deterioration of fuel modification unit. Reliability of the system is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of fuel reforming system involves forming reformed gas using fuel and water in fuel modification unit. The heat transfer rate of fuel modification unit is made small compared with gas transformation unit. The warming up duration of fuel modification unit from the starting time of fuel reforming system is made equal with the warming up duration of the gas transformation unit by adjusting the heat transfer rate of the material in the fuel modification unit. The switching time to steady operation from start operation is judged when the temperature in any one of the fuel modification or gas transformation is more than preset warming up value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell containing the fuel reforming system.    Fuel reforming system (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Fuel modification unit (10)    Catalyst supports (12,20)    Gas transformation unit (15)
NOVELTY - A connection portion (5) connects one end of an inner flow path (3) and an outer flow path (4), by joining the ends of an extension piece (9) to the cylindrical wall of inner flow path and outer end of outer flow path. A modification catalyst (2) is provided in the inner flow path.    USE - For producing hydrogen rich reformed gas for fuel cell, water heater, stove.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal stress acting on the connection portion of inner and outer flow paths is reduced, hence damage of the connection portion is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inner and outer flow paths are sequentially formed at outer side of a combustion gas flow path (1) in a modification reaction tube (6). A combustion unit (7) is connected to the modification reaction tube through a metal bellow. The hydrogen rich reformed gas is produced by modification reaction of fuel gas and water vapor passing through inner and outer flow paths. A heat insulating material (15) is provided at the connection portion of combustion unit and modification reaction tube. A burner (13) is provided to burn the fuel and a combustion gas is supplied through the combustion gas flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion gas flow path (1)    inner flow path (3)    outer flow path (4)    connection portion (5)    modification reaction tube (6)    combustion unit (7)    extension piece (9)    burner (13)    heat insulating material (15)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas refiner has reaction containers (1,2), natural-water ingredient gas supply lines (11,12,22) and purified hydrogen gas discharge pipes (13,14,23). The gas supply lines and the discharge pipes are connected to the reaction containers. The containers are filled with an ion exchange resin supported with palladium.    USE - For removing oxygen and moisture content from natural-water ingredient gas such as hydrogen gas (claimed) used as fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas containing oxygen and moisture content is economically purified with small and simple apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for purification of hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of refiner of hydrogen gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction containers (1,2)    Heater (3)    Natural-water ingredient gas supply lines (11,12,22)    Purified hydrogen gas discharge pipes (13,14,23)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen production and storage apparatus has a reaction container (10) containing a reaction catalyst (20), and a heat generation apparatus (30) in which portion of hydrogen, organic hydride, aromatic compound or its mixture is burnt. The apparatus (30) supplies reaction heat to the container (20). Dehydrogenation or hydrogenation reaction is performed in the container, to produce or store hydrogen.    USE - For producing and storing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen production and storage apparatus supplies reaction heat without utilizing electric heater, and is simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen production and storage apparatus has a reaction container (10) containing a reaction catalyst (20), and a heat generation apparatus (30) in which portion of hydrogen, organic hydride, aromatic compound or its mixture is burnt. The apparatus (30) supplies reaction heat to the container (20). Dehydrogenation or hydrogenation reaction is performed in the container, to produce or store hydrogen. The dehydrogenation of organic hydride and hydrogenation of aromatic compound are utilized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen production and storage apparatus which supplies reaction heat by the hot air by a burner.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction catalyst (10)    Reaction container (20)    Heat generation apparatus (30)    Combustion burner (40)    Pipe (60)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse disposer is integrally provided with a cylindrical fermentation tank (1), where the fermentation tank has a vertical stirring tine shaft (20) in an axial center position, and the center axis of the cylindrical fermentation tank is inclined to a predetermined angle from a perpendicular direction with respect to the casing of the disposer.    USE - For fermenting and decomposing organic refuse ejected from domestic kitchen. Decomposed refuse is used as manure.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse disposer has compact size since the space in the disposer is effectively used. The disposer has improved and uniform stirring capacity. The organic refuse disposer simply and inexpensively processes organic refuse. The disposer effectively crushes the processed substance, and prevents escaping of organic refuse during processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows expanded view of the structure of fermentation tank.    fermentation tank (1)    shredding equipment (15)    stirring tine shaft (20)    spiral cover (21)    spiral screw (22)    stirring blade (23)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus (2) comprises an exhaust gas adjustment unit, a treatment tank (1) and a human detector (3), where the exhaust gas adjustment unit stops or reduces exhaustion displacement based on detection of a human using the human detector and the apparatus (2) exhausts the gas in the treatment tank during processing of organic refuse.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing apparatus reduces the generation of odor component. The human detector does not malfunction even if a small animal is on the installation surface of processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    treatment tank (1)    organic refuse processing apparatus (2)    human detector (3)    stirring unit (4)    housing (20)
NOVELTY - A powder containing a metal oxide and a powder comprising boron are mixed and heat-processed in inert atmosphere having nitrogen, to obtain hydrogen occlusion material of boron nitride microstructure.    USE - The hydrogen occlusion material is used for fuel cell of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen occlusion material with excellent hydrogen occlusion capability is obtained inexpensively. Close control of the reaction field is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen occlusion material with carbon microstructure obtained by mixing and heat-processing powder containing metal oxide and powder comprising carbon in non-oxidizing atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder after heat processing.
NOVELTY - A Bacillus strain (I) such as B. thuringiensis FERM P 19200 and FERM P-19221, and B. subtilis FERM P 19222, for concentrating, decomposing and processing organic waste at 60-70 degreesC, in presence of vegetable oil, is new.    USE - (I) and (II) are useful for concentrating, decomposing and processing organic waste which involves fermenting the organic waste with 40-99% moisture content, at 60-70 degreesC, in presence of vegetable oil and (II), stirring the organic waste intermittently, so that the temperature of organic waste treatment tank of bio-toilet does not exceed 80 degreesC. The vegetable oil is edible waste oil. The moisture content of organic waste such as human waste, sewage and/or organic refuse is 65-99%, and further utilizes filler, vegetable oil and peptone. The filler is prepared by mixing buck wheat husk of chaff and saw dust (with capacitance ratio of 50:100) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) rapidly and stably decomposes organic waste, can be used for a long period of time. (I) can be used in bio-toilets, for reducing power consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) microbial formulation (II) for waste water treatment, comprises (I) and 40-70% preferably 30-60% vegetable oil; and    (2) bio-toilet (1) (III), comprises heat retention unit (3) in fermenter for preventing temperature reduction in waste treatment tank (2), exhaust tube (5) having a draining apparatus which does not freeze in winter, and a sensor for sensing urinary temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of organic waste treatment tank.    bio-toilet (1)    organic waste treatment tank (2)    heat retention unit (3)    exhaust tube (5)    freezing prevention heater (6)    screw for stirring (7)
NOVELTY - The liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell has a cell containing anode, cathode, electrolyte having polyelectrolyte of proton electroconductivity and an opening (2) for supplying oxidizing agent gas to the anode. A liquid fuel is supplied to the cathode. A porous water-repellent film (4) containing fluororesin is provided on the opening. The opening supplies oxygen of in-air.    USE - Power supply for small consumer and portable-type small electronic devices such as mobile telephone and computer.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell prevents leakage of produced water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the liquid fuel direct supply type fuel cell.    Inlet (1)    Opening (2)    Discharge port (3)    Water-repellent film (4)    Storage container (10)
NOVELTY - A longitudinal fermentation tank (1) has a vertically movable stirrer (3) having rotary unit (7) with stirring claws (6) and arm (8). The stirrer performs stirring in the middle of the tank which is in full loaded condition, for two times per day. The livestock dung is injected at the injection port of the tank during stirring in the middle of the tank by the stirrer.    USE - For fermentation of livestock dung used in manure manufacturing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Injection of dung and ejection of fermented livestock dung is implemented twice a day. The amount of ejection of fermented dung from the fermentation tank increases without changing the land area of the manure manufacturing plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The height of the fermentation tank wall (2) is changeable according to the quantity of manure production. The rotary unit is driven by pneumatic, hydraulic, electrical or mechanical power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fermentation tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fermentation tank (1)    tank wall (2)    stirrer (3)    stirring claws (6)    rotary unit(8) arm (7)
NOVELTY - The fixed Lewis acid catalyst consists of at least one type of Lewis acid catalyst supported by a metal oxide. The metal oxide contains hydroxyl group which is reacted and chemically bonded with functional group of 1-40C fluorohydrocarbon compound.    USE - Catalyst for acid-catalyzed reactions (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The Lewis acid catalyst is highly active in an aqueous medium. It can be reused efficiently and easily by simple filtration process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fixed Lewis acid catalyst consists of at least one type of Lewis acid catalyst of formula (1, 2 or 3) supported by a metal oxide. The metal oxide contains hydroxyl group which is reacted and chemically bonded with functional group of 1-40C fluorohydrocarbon compound.    M(SO3Rf1)n (1)    M(N(SO2Rf1)(SO2Rf2))n (2)    M(C(SO2Rf1)(SO2Rf2)(SO2Rf3))n (3)    Rf1-Rf3 = (un)saturated fluorinated 4-20C hydrocarbon group (alpha) having at least one heteroatom selected from oxygen and nitrogen, and at least one substituent selected from partial substitution product or (un)saturated fluorinated 1-16C hydrocarbon group (beta) which does not have heteroatom;    M = rare earth element, gallium, indium, thallium, silicon, germanium, tin, lead, antimony or bismuth; and    n = valency of M.    One portion of the fluorine atom of the saturated or unsaturated fluorinated hydrocarbon group of substituent (alpha) and (beta), is substituted with at least halogen atoms other than fluorine atom, and/or hydrogen atom. One portion of the fluorine atom coupled with the carbon atom directly coupled to a -SO2- group, is not substituted with a hydrogen atom.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for acid-catalyzed reaction method using the fixed Lewis acid catalyst.
NOVELTY - Chemoelectric generation of fuel cell involves supplying fuel to an anode (120) of the fuel cell, supplying oxidizer to a cathode (130) of the fuel cell, and intermittently providing reverse current charging to the fuel cell. The fuel cell includes an electrolyte (100).    USE - For chemoelectric generation of fuel cell (claimed) useful for producing electricity by converting chemical energy to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of providing reverse current charging to the fuel cell while supporting the load when the fuel cell operation is interrupted or during normal operation of the fuel cell recharges the energy storage element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method of pre-treating the fuel cell comprising supplying methanol to the anode, supplying oxidizer to the cathode, and intermittently providing reverse current charging to the fuel cell via a external power supply circuit;    (b) a method of restoring performance of the fuel cell;    (c) a method of operating a system having the fuel cell, the external power supply circuit connecting the anode and cathode, and an external load circuit connecting the anode and cathode;    (d) a system for operating the fuel cell comprising the fuel cell, the external power supply, two suppliers for supplying respective fuel to the anode and oxidizer to the cathode, and controller for providing reverse current charging to the fuel cell via the external power supply circuit;    (e) a system for pretreating the fuel cell; and    (f) a power system for converting fuel to electricity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure demonstrates the effect of pretreatment of the fuel cell using reverse current charging.    Electrolyte (100)    Anode (120)    Cathode (130)    Power processing circuitry (140)    Energy storage unit (150)
NOVELTY - A substrate (10) includes a flat plate (10a) with curved ends (10b), in which the gas flow passages (16) are formed. A solid electrode layer (12) is laminated on a fuel electrode (11) provided at a surface of the flat plate, and extends up to the ends of an interconnector (14) provided at other surface of flat plate. An oxygen electrode (13) longer than the interconnector is formed on solid electrode layer.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the voltage drop and increases the output density thereby exhibiting stable characteristics of fuel cell. A predetermined effective electrode area is maintained irrespective of the deviation of the outer electrode layer during molding. The dispersion in the thickness of the fuel cell is suppressed, by providing the electrodes on the flat plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrode support substrate (10)    flat plate (10a)    curved ends (10b)    fuel electrode (11)    solid electrode layer (12)    oxygen electrode (13)    interconnector (14)    gas flow passage (16)
NOVELTY - The compost drum (1) has a sieve mantle, with a drive shaft (2) and a flange (3) to be coupled to a vehicle drive. The filling opening (4), at one end, has a reinforced metal ring. The drive shaft can be operated by vehicle wheels.    USE - The drum is for sieving compost materials.    ADVANTAGE - The drum rotation and inner paddles break down the compost to be sieved into a wheelbarrow and the like. The drum can be coupled to a vehicle or a concrete mixer and the like, for its drive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the compost drum.    Drum (1)    Drive shaft (2)    Drive coupling (3)    Filling opening (4)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell (21) with an air chamber (25) and compressor (27) and a control device (29) behind the cell to control the pressure which comprises a valve having a self-regulating drive.    USE - As a fuel cell system (claimed), especially for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The air pressure is controlled by a compact valve having a simple mechanism and self-regulating control and pressure oscillations are minimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A sketch of the system is shown.    fuel cell (21)    air chamber (25)    electrolyte (26)    air compressor (27)    control (29)
NOVELTY - A mixing chamber (8) has an outlet. An inlet area (12) serves a first gas component (3). A feeder device (9) serves a second metered-out gas component (10) and runs into the inlet area. Allocated to the inlet area, a draw-in device (13) fits partly in the mixing chamber so as to recycle part of the gases flowing into the mixing chamber towards the inlet area.    USE - In fuel cell systems for cars, trucks, etc., including injection systems    ADVANTAGE - Conditioning of gases is improved. Recycling improves gas mixture formation between first and second components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for generating a reactive gas mixture from two gas components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a basic sketch diagram of a device for generating a reactive gas mixture according to the present invention.    First gas component (3)    Mixing chamber (8)    Feeder device (9)    Second metered-out gas component (10)    Inlet area (12)    Draw-in device (13)
NOVELTY - The invention relates to a water-quality purifying Bacillus substilis, CCTCC, M202045, and Bacillus substilis preparation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - It uses Bacillus substilis to cultivate and ferment in proper C-N ratio in the solid culture medium, and then dries to produce the preparation. The efficiency of the Bacillus substilis to eliminate water body COD is high. The Bacillus substilis can quickly degrade organics, and has a certain denitrifying and residue degrading ability, and stronger sulfide degrading ability. The test result shows that: COD eliminated can reach 76% in 24 hours, and the Bacillus substilis has excellent characters of salt resistance, osmotic pressure resistance, and maintaining the pH value of the breeding water body.
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains a synthetic methanol catalyst component and a zeolite catalyst component. The catalyst is used for manufacture of liquefied petroleum gas having propane as a main component by reaction of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    USE - For manufacture of liquefied petroleum gas (claimed) used as fuel for domestic-industry and automatic military, and in cold district.    ADVANTAGE - The propane is manufactured with high selectivity and high yield by using catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of catalyst for liquid petroleum gas manufacture, which involves preparing synthetic methanol catalyst component and zeolite catalyst component separately and mixing the prepared catalyst components; and    (2) manufacture of liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) having propane as main component, which involves reacting carbon monoxide and hydrogen in the presence of catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus for manufacture of liquefied petroleum gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier(1a) catalyst modification layer (1)    reactor (2)    catalyst layer (2a)    lines (3,4,5)
NOVELTY - An efficient hydrogen production method (M1) using microorganisms, involves culturing a microorganism having a formate dehydrogenase gene and hydrogenase gene under aerobic conditions, culturing the obtained microbial cells under anaerobic conditions in a liquid culture medium containing a formic acid compound, and using the obtained cells for evolving hydrogen.    USE - (M1) is useful for hydrogen generation using microorganisms. The hydrogen generated by (M1) is useful as a fuel for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) enables highly efficient generation of hydrogen, using microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An efficient hydrogen production method (M1) using microorganisms, or biotic hydrogen manufacturing method, involves (a) culturing a microorganism having a formate dehydrogenase gene and hydrogenase gene under aerobic conditions, culturing the obtained microbial cells under anaerobic conditions in a liquid culture medium containing a formic acid compound, till the microbial cell number increased two times or more, and using the obtained cells for evolving hydrogen, or (b) adding microbial cells obtained by (a) to a solution for hydrogen generation in a reduced state, supplying an organic substrate to the solution and generating hydrogen; or collecting microbial cells obtained by (a), adding the collected microbial cells to a solution for generating hydrogen in a reduced state, continuously supplying an organic substrate to the solution, and generating hydrogen.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) microorganisms having an efficient biotic hydrogen generating capability, for carrying out (M1); and    (2) use of hydrogen manufactured by (M1), as a fuel for fuel cells.
NOVELTY - Methanol and/or dimethyl ether is produced from a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the presence of a catalyst. A lower olefin-containing gas which is a mixed gas containing olefin having 2, 3 and 4 carbon atoms, is produced from methanol in the presence of a catalyst. A liquefied petroleum gas having propane, is produced from the lower-olefin-containing gas in the presence of a catalyst.    USE - For manufacturing liquefied petroleum gas from carbon-containing material such as natural gas and synthesis gas, used as domestic fuel, industrial fuel and automatic military fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The liquefied petroleum gas having high propane and butane concentration, is manufactured efficiently by consuming less amount of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of liquefied petroleum gas manufacturing apparatus (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst (1a)    methanol manufacturing apparatus (3)    methanol manufacturing catalyst (3a)    unreacted gas separator (4)    separator (5)
NOVELTY - Paper pulp is produced by providing a culture solution, adding a fiber plant into the culture solution; adding a suspension of a microorganism into the culture solution; fermentatively culturing the culture solution for preparing a pulp solution; boiling the pulp solution; pulping the pulp solution; and screening the pulp solution for isolating a paper pulp from the pulp solution.    USE - For producing paper pulp.    ADVANTAGE - The method applies the decomposition ability of the microorganisms for decomposing the organic matters in the papermaking process of waste straws so as to establish a model of biopulping process of non-woody fiber plant. This decreases the consumption of forest reserves and the production of chemical wastes. There is no need to use chemical or semi-chemical method, thus no pollution problems exists.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a biopulp of non-woody fiber plant comprising components of non-woody fiber plant, and suspension of microorganism, where the non-woody fiber plant and the suspension of the microorganism suspension are mixed and fermentatively cultured for preparing the biopulp.
NOVELTY - Air/fuel mixture (I) having air-to-fuel ratio is ignited to produce a flame. Air/fuel mixture (II) having different air-to-fuel ratio is contacted with the flame to generate a reformate gas. Partial oxidation fuel reformer is thus operated.    USE - For reforming fuel onboard a vehicle or stationary power generator. The reformate gas is used as fuel or fuel additive in operation of internal combustion engine and for regenerating and conditioning emission abatement device associated with internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - The partial oxidation fuel reformer utilizes a relatively low energy electrical source to crack the hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A relatively rich primary air/fuel mixture is ignited during the reforming process by energy provided by the flame. The flame is generated by ignition of air/fuel mixture which is leaner than the relatively rich primary air/fuel mixture. The ignited flame is sustained by the continuous introduction of additional amounts of near stoichiometric air/fuel mixture without the use of spark plug or glow plug. The reformate gas increases the efficiency of the engine and reduces emissions produced from engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) partial oxidation fuel reformer (12); and    (2) fuel reforming assembly (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the simplified block diagram of fuel reforming assembly having partial oxidation fuel reformer under the control of an electronic control unit.    fuel reforming assembly (10)    partial oxidation fuel reformer (12)    electronic control unit (14)    fuel injector (32,34)    ignition assembly (36)
NOVELTY - The alkaline electrical accumulator hydride electrodes composition comprises a binder 2-8, conducting additive 5-30, and hydrogen absorption alloy 62-93 per cent by weight respectively blend. Also claimed is a process making the composition. CLAIMED PROCESS - The process grinds the alloy which is made up of type AB2 or AB5 metal hydride, for mixing with the additive and then with an aqueous emulsion of 1,4 polyisoprene natural rubber.    USE - In power engineering.
NOVELTY - A gas hydrate is produced from water (e) and gas (f), and stored as a slurry. The slurry-like gas-hydrate (d) is dehydrated, and the dehydrated gas-hydrate (d') is re-gasified by pressure reduction gasification. The mother liquid (e') is separated from the block of ice (h) produced by the pressure reduction gasification process, and is then returned to the gas-hydrate production process.    USE - For re-gasifying gas hydrate, such as natural gas-hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - The re-gasification method decreases the power of a refrigerator or the load which removes the heat generated at the gas-hydrate production process, since the cooling heat is effectively held. The freezing action is carried out by equivalent dissociation heat-absorption amount during decomposition. The re-gasification apparatus functions as an alternative of gas holder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for re-gasification apparatus having a gas-hydrate production tank (1), a slurry storage tank (6), a solid-liquid separation machine (11), a cooling-heat recycle line (18-20), and a pressure reduction gasification device (13).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the installation which implements the re-gasification of natural gas-hydrate.    gas-hydrate production tank (1)    slurry storage tank (6)    solid-liquid separation machine (11)    pressure reduction gasification device (13)    cooling-heat recycle line (18-20)    slurry-like gas-hydrate (d)    dehydrated gas-hydrate (d')    water (e)    mother liquid (e')    gas (f)    block of ice (h)
NOVELTY - A composting building deodorizing apparatus (10) is equipped with ventilating path (20), air supplying unit (21) and filter unit (22a). The path (20) opens from inside portion of composting building (11) into atmosphere. The unit (21) ventilates path (20) towards atmosphere. The filter unit removes undesirable components contained in supplied air.    USE - As deodorizing apparatus of composting building used for composting bean-curd-lees and other foodstuff residue.    ADVANTAGE - The composting building deodorizing apparatus does not cause noise pollution, and has less power consumption. Air flow and ventilating capacity in the deodorizing apparatus can be fluctuated without changing the structure of ventilating path. Electrical control of the deodorizing apparatus is simple. The deodorizing apparatus effectively removes odor from gas ejected from the composting building.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composting building deodorizing apparatus (10) is equipped with ventilating path (20), air supplying unit (21) and filter unit (22a). The ventilating path opens from inside portion of the composting building (11) into atmosphere. The composting building is constructed in such a way that inside and outside portions of the building are closed off. The air supplying unit ventilates the ventilating path towards atmosphere. The filter unit removes undesirable components contained in the supplied air flow. The air flow of air supplying unit is adjustable to large and small quantity. The air supplying unit comprises an air blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-sectional front view of the composting building. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    deodorizing apparatus (10)    composting building (11)    ventilating path (20)    air supplying unit (21)    filter unit (22a)
NOVELTY - The method involves mixing an organic waste with a porous aluminum oxide particle of mean pore diameter 0.01 mum or less, followed by fermentation.    USE - For composting method of organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The composting process of organic waste is performed efficiently, economically and continuously for long period of time. Compost of favorable air permeability is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the composting promotion material which is porous aluminum oxide particle of mean pore diameter 0.01 mum or less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model diagram of the fermentation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    bottle (1)    mixture (2)    thermostat (3)    glass tube (4,5)    lid (11)
NOVELTY - A culture medium for Rhodococcus bacteria, contains urea-aldehyde condensate.    USE - For culturing Rhodococcus bacteria.    ADVANTAGE - The culture medium selectively cultivates Rhodococcus bacteria having decomposability of hydrocarbon, crude oil, benzoic acid and chlorinated benzene.
NOVELTY - A Peltier element (50) for predetermined cooling, is arranged at downward direction of the contact combustion-type gas sensor. A controller controls the Peltier element, so that the sensor is cooled by constant temperature.    USE - Contact combustion-type gas sensor e.g. for ethanol (claimed), methane and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Enables acquiring sensor output with bigger peak value with respect to powerful adsorbent gas and improving gas species identification capability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the contact combustion-type gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    wafer (41)    gas detector (42a)    electrode (42b)    Peltier element (50)    stand seat (61)    lead terminal (63)
NOVELTY - The methane fuel engine with very low exhaust consists of engine, methane tank, catalytic converter with heater, and electronic control unit.    ADVANTAGE - The present invention has the advantages of less particle exhaust, no throttle loss, high heat efficiency, less NOx exhaust and saving in petroleumresource.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The methane tank is connected to the engine via electrically controlled medium-pressure fuel oil jet unit and to the reactor in the catalytic converter via oil pump and flow rate controlling valve; the catalytic converter is connected via the pressure container to the dimethyl ether solenoid valve mounted on the manifold; the engine exhaust pipe is connected to the EGR valve and the EGR valve to the air intake pipe; and the electronic control unit has input end receiving various signals the engine outputs and output end connected to the flow rate controlling valve, dimethyl ether solenoid valve, electrically controlled methane oil jet, electrothermalplug, EGR valve and electric heater in the reactor.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to hydrogen preparing method, and is especially one kind of hydrogen preparing method with industrial organic waste water and microbe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Inside one common hydrogen generator, industrial organic waste water as material and biological hydrogen preparing fermenting liquid are used to prepare hydrogen via fermentation under anaerobic condition. The method is a normal temperature and normal pressure hydrogen preparing process, and can prepare hydrogen as clean energy source in low cost while treating industrial waste water. The present invention has wide material source,simple metabolite and industrial practicability.
NOVELTY - CLC continuous liquid composting consists of incorporation of Microgeo made-up of millefleurs, camomile, nettle, oak bark, dandelion and valerian, to produce biofertiliser. The Microgeo controls fermentation, maintains metabolism, and enriches the fermentation medium.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - Methanol and/or dimethyl ether, and hydrogen are subjected to catalytic reaction by passing through a catalyst layer, and a liquefied petroleum gas containing propane or butane as main component is manufactured.    USE - For manufacturing liquefied petroleum gas used for stove, disposable lighter, industrial fuel and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture of liquefied petroleum gas is economically enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart illustrating the main structure of apparatus for manufacturing liquefied petroleum gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (11)    catalyst layers (11a,11b)    pipe lines (13,15)
NOVELTY - Energy is transported by converting at least a portion of input chemical species flow using a reforming process into an output chemical species that has a new gaseous specie(s), having a higher heat of combustion than methane, where total number of moles of the input chemical species is greater than the total number of moles of the output chemical species minus the number of moles of hydrogen in the output chemical species.    USE - The invention is for transportation of energy to produce hydrogen used as an energy source to generate electricity or to fuel a motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention is optimized to maximize total heat of combustion of the output chemical species. It reduces a bottleneck in a transmission pipeline or a distribution pipeline. It provides a higher energy content in a smaller volume of gas or allows for more energy to be transported compared to the prior art, thus reducing the need for new pipelines resulting in saving billions of united states dollars in pipeline construction, and reducing the cost of electricity and home heating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Transportation of energy comprises providing an input chemical species comprising a gas specie(s) containing carbon and having a heat of combustion equal to or less than methane; converting at least a portion of the input chemical species flow using a reforming process into an output chemical species that has a new gaseous specie(s), having a higher heat of combustion than methane, where total number of moles of the input chemical species is greater than the total number of moles of the output chemical species minus the number of moles of hydrogen in the output chemical species; and transporting the output chemical species by conventional transportation mechanism to an end use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a flow diagram for high energy gas transport.
NOVELTY - Method involves radiating water in special apparatus; pouring water 4 into reactor 1 through pipeline 6; pumping coolant between doubled walls of reactor 1 through inlet opening 9 and outlet opening 10.    USE - Energy engineering, chemical, petroleum chemical, petroleum extracting, food-processing industry, medicine and agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Increased efficiency in water activation, improved nutritive properties of water-containing food products, improved blood supply and body defense of organism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus has reactor 1, working chamber 2 and pump 3. Pipeline 5 is arranged in upper part of reactor 1 and adapted for discharge of gaseous decomposition products, and drain pipeline 8 for discharge of sediment is arranged in lower part of reactor 1. Wall of working chamber 2 is equipped with window of material transmitting radiation 11 at minimal losses. Working chamber 2 may be additionally furnished with navigation unit having two coaxially arranged tubes or cuts of tubes filled with wire. Water is irradiated with monochromatic infrared radiation with spectral composition approximating that of any of three water modes, that is, deformation, symmetric and asymmetric modes. Infrared radiation wavelength is 2.279-220.23 microns. Water may be irradiated with electromagnetic radiation at frequency of 1012-1014 Hz or with infrasonic waves. Energy supplied must exceed relaxation and thermal losses of water molecules. Method allows water conductivity to be changed by 2-3 times.
NOVELTY - Method involves mixing compressed natural gas for technological purposes with ammonia-comprising exhaust gas of ammonia synthesis cycle; heating in additional convective coil of primary reforming furnace; providing low-temperature sulfur purification process; mixing with heated water vapor; heating in convective coil of primary reforming furnace; directing to reaction pipes of radiant zone of primary reforming furnace; utilizing flue gas heat of primary reforming furnace in additional coils of convective zone by heating natural gas and condensate of stripping tower.    USE - Ammonia production, in particular, reforming of natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced power consumption, reliable and safe operation of equipment, optimized modes of operation at sulfur purification stage and of heat-utilizing apparatuses of primary reforming furnace and increased yield of ammonia.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system is provided, to improve humidification response velocity and to enhance the heat efficiency and operation efficiency of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system comprises a fuel supply device(11) for supplying a hydrogen gas; an air supply device(12) for supplying air; an SOFC humidifier(13) which is supplied with a hydrogen gas and air from the fuel supply device and the air supply device, respectively, wherein the oxygen of a negative electrode is converted into an oxygen ion and the oxygen ion is combined with the proton converted from a hydrogen gas to generate a water molecule; and a polymer electrolyte membrane(PEM) fuel cell(14) which is connected with the SOFC humidifier, wherein a hydrogen gas is converted into proton at a positive electrode and the proton is combined with the oxygen ion converted from the oxygen in air at a negative electrode through a conductive electrolyte membrane to generate a water molecule.
NOVELTY - The agent comprises powder mixture containing fly ash and plaster-board powder mixed and stirred with liquid mixture containing useful microorganisms (Lactobacillus) and solvent. The agent is sprinkled over livestock excrements to mask unpleasant odor.    USE - For removing/deodorizing unpleasant odor of livestock excrements in dairy farm and farmhouse, and also as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The agent effectively deodorizes unpleasant odor of livestock excrements and prevents environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen storing and generating apparatus has unit for performing heating of metal-supported catalyst (15A) interposed between pair of electrode surfaces (16A). A hydrogenated derivative of aromatic compound and/or aromatic compound as raw material is introduced. Catalyst is heated at uniform temperature. Hydrogenation and/or dehydrogenation of raw material is carried out, and storage and generation of hydrogen (35) is enabled.    USE - Storing and generating hydrogen used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus efficiently stores and generates hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen storing and generating apparatus has a heating unit for carrying out electric heating of metal-supported catalyst (15A) interposed between pair of electrode surfaces (16A). The catalyst support is supplied with electricity, and self-heated. A hydrogenation derivative of aromatic compound and/or aromatic compound as raw material (31) is introduced in at least one way. The catalyst is heated at approximately uniform temperature. Hydrogenation of aromatic compound and/or dehydrogenation of hydrogenation derivative of aromatic compound is carried out, and storage and generation of hydrogen (35) is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of the reactor in apparatus for storing and generating hydrogen.    reactor (3A)    catalyst (15A)    electrode surface (16A)    piping (26,28)    raw material (31)    product (32)    hydrogen (35)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen storage-generator has heater which carries out high frequency induction heating of particle-form catalyst (15A) having conductive material on support by electromagnetic induction, and electrically insulates each particle. An aromatic compound is hydrogenated using metal-supported catalyst. The hydrogenated compound is dehydrogenated and hydrogen (35) is produced. The hydrogen generator produces and/or stores hydrogen.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage-generator efficiently stores and/or produces hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of the reactor used in hydrogen storage-generator.    reactor (3A)    cylindrical chamber (14)    catalyst (15A)    loop coil (16)    hydrogen (35)
NOVELTY - A dry sludge is blown-in into a melting furnace (4), and partially oxidized into combustible gas and slag by using oxygen or oxygen enrichment air as a gasifying agent. The generated combustible gas is then introduced to a sludge dry installation (1). Thus, the sludge is gasified and melted.    USE - For gasifying and melting sludge such as surplus activated sludge generated from biological treatment facility of sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The sludge is economically gasified and melted with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of gasification melting method of sludge. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dry installation (1)    Sludge feed hopper (2)    Oxygen manufacturing apparatus (3)    Melting furnace (4)    Air pre-heat furnace (5)
NOVELTY - A catalytic reactor (3) is formed by supporting a catalyst on honey-comb support (21a,22a). The honey-comb support has number of cells (21b,22b) in which to-be-reacted fluid is distributed. The number of cell per unit area in surface orthogonal to flow direction of the fluid, decreases towards peripheral portion (22) from center portion (21).    USE - As fuel reforming device, shift converter and carbon monoxide removing device in fuel cell, and as exhaust gas emission controlling device of internal combustion device.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic reactor has uniform distribution of fluid flow in the catalyst surface. Heat energy released by catalytic reaction in the peripheral portion is higher than the heat energy released in the center portion, and thermally radiated portion from the peripheral portion can be supplemented, and hence temperature inside the surface of catalyst is uniformly distributed. Temperature of catalyst in the catalyst reactor is easily controllable to optimal temperature required for catalytic reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of the catalytic reactor.    catalytic reactor (3)    center portion (21)    support (21a,22a)    cell (21b,22b)    peripheral portion (22)
NOVELTY - Processing method of organic waste (OW) involves crushing OW, removing non-fermentable substance, carrying out methane-fermentation process of OW removed from non-fermentable substance, separating solid-liquid from fermented OW, carrying out anaerobic treatment of supernatant liquid in upward-flow anaerobic treatment apparatus packed with self-granulated sludge, and returning self-granulated sludge to methane fermentation process.    USE - For collecting methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method is cost effective, highly efficient and prevents generation of surplus sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of the apparatus for processing organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    preprocessor (2)    storage tank (3)    methane fermentation tank (4)    solid-liquid separator (4)    gas holder (6)
NOVELTY - Bio-deodorizing method involves contacting circulating water and odor gas (1) containing hydrogen sulfide in a filled layer (4) packed with a carrier for supporting microorganisms and controlling the pH of filler layer at 1-3 for deodorizing odor gas biologically. The circulating water and odor gas in filler layer are flowed down parallel.    USE - For deodorizing odor gas containing hydrogen sulfide generated from sewage works, human waste treatment plant, various factory, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The bio-deodorizing method is cost effective and simple. The deodorizing capability of the apparatus is maintained stably for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio-deodorizing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline block diagram of bio-deodorizing apparatus.    odor gas (1)    processed gas (2)    deodorizing tower (3)    filled layer (4)    pH meter (8)
NOVELTY - The reactor is divided into several compartments, each with a separation and recovery unit to separate and recover the reaction product for each reaction time. The gas-solid reaction is continuously performed, by moving the solid raw material or sample through the compartments using a belt conveyor (2).    USE - For reaction analysis of gas-solid reaction or water vapor gasification of biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The novel reactor is simple and enables highly-controlled solid-gas reaction or water vapor gasification reaction..    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A supply unit in each compartment supplies the reactive gas. A gas curtain is at the inlet and exit of the reactor. An analyzer is in the separation and recovery unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above differential reactor.    belt conveyor (2)    air cylinder (3)    flow controller (4)    water (5)    steam generator (7)
NOVELTY - A phosphorus elution apparatus has a pre-processing unit (1) for processing microorganism in sludge, an alkali solution tank (2) which stores alkali solution, and a contact tank (3) for contacting the alkali solution (z) and pre-processed sludge (x).    USE - For eluting and recovering phosphorus in sludge (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The phosphorus elution apparatus efficiently elutes phosphorus contained in sludge, in less time, separates phosphorus with residue sludge, and reduces usage of alkali chemicals. Deposit having high content of phosphorus is efficiently recovered. The eluted phosphorus is efficiently and simply aggregated using coagulant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) phosphorus recovery equipment;    (2) elution method of phosphorus; and    (3) recovery of phosphorus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the phosphorus recovery equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pre-processing unit (1)    alkali solution tank (2)    contact tank (3)    sludge (x)    residue sludge (y)    alkali solution (z)
NOVELTY - The surface of the ceramic burner (32) is coated using black color, to improve thermal emissivity at its surface side.    USE - Used in cell-type electric-power-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces generation of back fire. The modifier is heated at high temperature effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the burner.    ceramic burner (32)    burner port (32a)
NOVELTY - Saturation temperature of air contacting a composting organic matter (4) is controlled below the temperature of organic matter present inside the composting device main structure (1) of organic matter composting apparatus. The average composting temperature of the apparatus is 42 degreesC or less.    USE - For operating organic matter composting apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The method prevents attraction of dew from the surface of composting organic matter by the moisture content of air. The method decreases evaporation moisture content and amount of heat of vaporization required for organic matter decomposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic matter composting apparatus having composting organic matter thermometer (14) in the main structure (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic matter composting apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    composting device main structure (1)    drive device (2)    composting organic matter (4)    heating apparatus (5)    hydrometer (13)    composting organic matter thermometer (14)    thermometer (15)
NOVELTY - Water vapor is added to de-sulfurized hydrocarbon fuel. Water vapor modification reaction is performed to decompose the hydrocarbon fuel into several gases. The generated gas is subjected to shift-reaction process and carbon monoxide removal process, and converted to hydrogen and carbon dioxide. Subsequently, carbon dioxide removal process is performed, to manufacture hydrogen from the hydrocarbon fuel.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cells, from hydrocarbon fuel such as kerosene, naphtha and gasoline.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen of high purity is efficiently and economically manufactured at favorable yield rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, which has steam-reforming portion (1) for performing water vapor modification reaction after addition of water vapor to de-sulfurized hydrocarbon fuel, shift-reaction portion (4) provided with shift-reaction catalyst (6), carbon monoxide removal portion (7) provided with precious metal catalyst, and carbon dioxide removal portion (10) for removing carbon dioxide from generated gas by passing through a carbon dioxide separation membrane (14) after passage of the gas through the shift reaction portion and carbon monoxide removal portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    steam-reforming portion (1)    shift-reaction portion (4)    shift-reaction catalyst (6)    carbon monoxide removal portion (7)    carbon dioxide removal portion (10)    carbon dioxide separation membrane (14)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing apparatus manufactures hydrogen-containing gas from specific raw material by steam reforming process. The steam reforming process is divided into low-temperature steam reforming process (I) and high-temperature steam reforming process (II). A device in which process (I) is performed, and carbon monoxide converter in the apparatus comprise externally heatable/coolable reactor.    USE - For fuel cell electric power generating system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing apparatus suppresses reduction of activity of steam reforming catalyst, and does not require reservation of hydrogen gas or inert gas during startup/stop period. The apparatus manufactures hydrogen-containing gas from simple raw materials having favorable storage stability and easy transportability. The apparatus requires less time for startup and shutdown.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing apparatus manufactures hydrogen-containing gas from raw material comprising hydrocarbon such as naphtha and kerosene by steam reforming process. The steam reforming process is divided into low-temperature steam reforming process and high-temperature steam reforming process. The hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing apparatus is equipped with steam reforming device and carbon monoxide converter. The device in which low-temperature steam reforming process is performed, and the carbon monoxide converter comprise externally heatable/coolable reactor.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of operating hydrogen-containing gas manufacturing apparatus. The gas circulation through air and combustion gas circulation are supplied to the system at the time of startup/stop, if required. The oxidation of catalyst is restrained by maintaining the catalyst layer at 200degreesC or less, preferably 120degreesC or less.
NOVELTY - An alkali solution of a metal hydrogen complex is poured into acidic water solution, as hydrogen generation agent, and reacted to generate hydrogen.    USE - For generation of hydrogen used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - A stable and efficient method for generation of hydrogen, is provided without using a large scale apparatus. The method is safe and inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relationship between hydrogen generation rate and pouring speed of hydrogen generation agent, of the example. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generating agent consists of a hydrogen generation catalyst (6), and an aqueous solution of a hydrazine compound and/or its derivative(s). The catalyst is a metal having hydrogen generation catalytic ability, a hydrogen occlusion alloy and/or their fluorinated substances.    USE - As hydrogen source of fuel cell (claimed) used as motor-vehicle drive source, power supply for housing, portable devices and emergency-disaster use.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen generating agent efficiently generates hydrogen at normal temperature and pressure, and is eco-friendly. The fuel cell having hydrogen as fuel source has high output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen generation method, which comprises dissolving hydrazine and/or its derivative(s) in water, and contacting hydrogen generation catalyst with the solution; and    (2) fuel cell (11). The fuel cell has hydrogen as fuel source, and air as oxygen source. Hydrogen is generated by contacting aqueous solution of hydrazine compound and/or its derivative(s), with hydrogen generation catalyst, and the generated hydrogen is supplied from the hydrogen generation portion of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell, which uses hydrogen generating agent as fuel source. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen pole (1)    oxygen pole (2)    ionic-permeability diaphragm (3)    hydrogen generation catalyst (6)    fuel cell (11)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst is supported in the surface of the plates (21-23) which form a modification flow path (3). A combustion catalyst is supported on the surface of the plates forming a combustion flow paths (41,42). The heat absorption during modification reaction and the heat generation during combustion reaction are adjusted, by supporting the catalysts.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon type fuels such as methanol, methane, gasoline, to generate hydrogen used in fuel cell for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The heat-absorption amount and heat generation amount for every area inside the fuel modifier are adjusted and thereby temperature rise inside the modifier is suppressed. Enables utilization of the heat generated during combustion for modification reaction. The durability of the fuel modifier is enhanced, by suppressing temperature rise inside the modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The supporting area of the combustion catalyst in the lower gas combustion region is set smaller than the supporting area of the combustion catalyst in the upper gas combustion region. The load of the combustion catalyst in the lower gas combustion region is set smaller than the load of the combustion catalyst in the upper gas combustion region.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    laminated plate (2)    plates (21-23)    modification flow path (3)    combustion flow paths (41,42)
NOVELTY - A biomass electric-power-generation system has a carbonization furnace (10), a micro gas turbine-type or gas engine-type generator (40), a refiner (20) and a gas holder (30). The furnace carbonizes wood resources and forms carbonization gas. The generator utilizes carbonization gas as original fuel. The refiner removes tar contained in gas, and purifies gas. The gas holder adjusts heat energy released with purified gas.    USE - Used for the generation of electric power using wood resources such as coppiced timber, leather material, dissection waste material, excess material of construction material, off cuts, sawdust, lumber chips, wooden material, beer lees, shochu-liquor, bean cured lees, coffee lees and oil-outlet lees.    ADVANTAGE - The biomass electric power generation system efficiently enables biomass electric power generation using industrial waste, and is cleaned and maintained easily. The tar contained in carbonization gas of wood resources, is removed using a refiner, and hence the adherence of tar with the drive portion of the gas turbine is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the outline structure of a biomass electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbonization furnace (10)    refiner (20)    gas holder (30)    micro gas turbine type or gas engine type generator (40)
NOVELTY - The methane fermentation processing apparatus performs methane fermentation processing of an organic waste (11) such as organic refuse, and collects resources such as biogas (15). The water contained in biogas is collected and utilized as one portion of raw material dilution water (14).    USE - For processing organic waste containing surplus sludge such as organic refuse, food-processing dreg, livestock farming waste material, digested sludge and activated sludge treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The methane fermentation processing apparatus utilizes water contained in biogas as one portion of raw material dilution water thereby decreasing the water consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of methane fermentation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    grinding apparatus (1)    methane fermentation tank (5)    syncooler (6)    organic waste (11)    external dilution water (14)    biogas (15)
NOVELTY - The device has a fueled reformer associated to a burner to produce hydrogen supplying fuel cell (1). A coolant circulation loop (3) provides thermal regulation for the cell. The loop has a derivation circuit towards a heat-exchanger thermally connected to the burner and a control unit. The control unit is guided by a calculator and directs reheated coolant in the circuit towards the cell during starting phase of the cell.    USE - Used for regulating temperature during starting of a fuel cell of a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The coolant circulation loop provides thermal regulation for the fuel cell, thereby assuring rapid reheating of the cell even in a medium of temperature less than 0 degree Celsius. The reheating of the cell does not require implementation of reputed dangerous reactions and can be performed at less cost as it requires less supplementary components.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process of regulating temperature during starting of a fuel cell of a vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a fuel cell device.    Fuel cell (1)    Circulation loop (3)    Derivation circuit (4)    Calculator (7)    Heat-exchanger (17)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a metal from group VIII of the periodic system placed on the surface of a carrier comprising aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide.    USE - The catalyst is used for producing hydrogen by conversion of organic compounds in water by passing the organic compounds in water through a catalyst (claimed). The hydrogen is used as fuels in fuel cells to drive on aqueous organic solutions or suspensions of e.g. sugar, flour or sludge from sewage industrial plant.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst achieves high conversion and high yield hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a plant for production of hydrogen from organic matter (1) optionally including noxious compounds in water comprising a unit with a catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plant.    Organic matter (1)    Heater (3)    heater (4)    Heat exchanger (7)    Separator (11)
NOVELTY - A dimethyl ether steam-reforming catalyst comprises active alumina, copper and manganese, iron and optionally zinc. The catalyst is prepared by a sol-gel method. It has a porous structure.    USE - For steam-reforming dimethyl ether to obtain hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention achieves excellent reforming ability even at lower temperatures, e.g. 200-275 degrees C.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing a dimethyl ether steam-reforming catalyst by adding an acid, a copper salt and manganese, iron and/or zinc salts to an aluminum alkoxide to produce a sol; drying the resulting sol by evaporation to produce a gel; calcining the resulting gel to obtain a solid; and reducing the resulting solid.
NOVELTY - Fermenter for use in a biogas plant has a stirrer with an external motor (8). Its shaft (7) passes through an aperture (6) in the lid (5) of the fermenter or in its wall. Paddles (9) mounted on the shaft can be swiveled back against it, allowing the shaft to be withdrawn through the aperture.    USE - Fermenter for use in a biogas plant.    ADVANTAGE - The stirrer can be maintained or repaired without lowering the level of liquid in the fermenter    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of the fermenter.    Fermenter lid (5)    Aperture in fermenter lid (6)    Shaft (7)    Motor (8)    Paddle (9)    Paddle mounting (10)    Guide tube (14)
NOVELTY - A drying house, for biomass e.g. wood chip, fruit peel etc, has a floor under a covered void, in which biological materials are stored and dried. The curved concrete roof incorporates meandering heat pipes, and has high horizontal and low edges, parallel with each other. The upper edge opens to provide free circulation of air between the biomass and roof.    USE - For drying biomass, e.g. wood chip, fruit peel etc.    ADVANTAGE - The novel drying house consumes less energy, and facilitates more precise control of the drying process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The roof lower edge is unattached and extends downwards to the level of the stored biomass. The front face of the drying house has a number of horizontal panels that pivot at their upper limit and open to promote ventilation. The heating medium is hot water that is pumped through intermittently, regulated by a microprocessor timing system. Hot water is pumped for 60 minutes, followed by a 30-minute ventilation interval. The roof incorporates a number of external photovoltaic panels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above drying house.    drying house (100)    roof (220)    parallel edges (221, 222)    ventilation slit (223)    outer surface (300)    panels (310)
NOVELTY - The catalyst reactor has a heated reactor tube (2) with a feed at the start for charging with organic materials. The materials are conveyed through the tube to be decomposed by a catalyst, and conversion carbon is taken off at the end by a funnel-shaped collector (4) with an outflow (16). A portion is returned to the start point as catalyst material by an inner conveyor screw (6). The reactor (1) is upright, and has an inner tube (5) concentric to the outer tube and powered to give it a slow rotation, for the organic material to travel downwards through the ring gap (7) between them. The upper end of the reactor tube is expanded into a round mixing trough (3) with a feed connection (13) and a gas take-off (10), and with at least one mixer blade (15).    USE - The reactor gives a thermo catalyst action on organic material, e.g. clarified sludge and for cleaning industrial waste water and agricultural waste. Crude oil can be recovered from the separated gas.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has a high throughput and a long working life. The material is moved through continuously without clogging or blocking the reactor tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the catalyst reactor.    reactor (1)    heated reactor tube (2)    mixing trough (3)    conversion carbon collection funnel (4)    inner tube (5)    conveyor screw (6)    ring gap (7)    gas take-off (10)    feed connection (13)    mixer blade (15)
NOVELTY - The flammable material (14) is supplied to a gasifying furnace (10), from a hopper (36), such that, entry of external air into the furnace is prevented during supply of the material into the furnace. The material is discharged at a constant rate to the furnace, from the hopper, while the amount of storage of the material in the hopper, is maintained uniformly.    USE - For supplying flammable materials, such as waste motor-vehicle components, municipal solid waste, industrial waste, waste biomass, waste tire, medical waste and dust obtained from shredder, to furnace of gasification and melting system (claimed) which produces combustible gases.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing the variation in the volume of the inflammable gases produced from the furnace, by preventing the entry of outer air into the furnace, and by feeding the material at a constant rate, into the furnace, thereby facilitating the stable operation of the furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) flammable material supply apparatus; and    (2) gasification and melting system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gasifier with the flammable material supply apparatus.    furnace (10)    flammable material (14)    hopper (36)    chute (37)    combustible gas (17)
NOVELTY - The catalyst reactor has a heated reactor tube (2) with a feed at the start for charging with organic materials. The materials are conveyed through the tube to be decomposed by a catalyst, and conversion carbon is taken off at the end by a funnel-shaped collector (4) with an outflow (16).    USE - The reactor gives a thermo catalyst action on organic material, e.g. clarified sludge and for cleaning industrial waste water and agricultural waste. Crude oil can be recovered from the separated gas.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has a high throughput and a long working life. The material is moved through continuously without clogging or blocking the reactor tube.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst reactor has a heated reactor tube (2) with a feed at the start for charging with organic materials. The materials are conveyed through the tube to be decomposed by a catalyst, and conversion carbon is taken off at the end by a funnel-shaped collector (4) with an outflow (16). A portion is returned to the start point as catalyst material by an inner conveyor screw (6). The reactor (1) is upright, and has an inner tube (5) concentric to the outer tube and powered to give it a slow rotation, for the organic material to travel downwards through the ring gap (7) between them. The material is carried through by share blades (8) fitted to the outer surface of the inner tube, extending to the inner surface of the outer tube. The upper end of the reactor tube is expanded into a round mixing trough (3) with a feed connection (13) and a gas take-off (10), and with at least one mixer blade (15).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the catalyst reactor.    reactor (1)    heated reactor tube (2)    mixing trough (3)    conversion carbon collection funnel (4)    inner tube (5)    conveyor screw (6)    ring gap (7)    share blades (8)    gas take-off (10)    feed connection (13)    mixer blade (15)
NOVELTY - Solid civil and industrial waste is converted into hydrogen and other technical gases by storing the material to be fed, grinding and separating; gasifying the matter and refining of the gas; energy recovery by means of thermal exchange; forced dry purification of the gases; thermo-electric cogeneration; extraction, collection and recycling of the slag.    USE - For conversion of solid civil and industrial waste into hydrogen and other technical gases.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method exhibits a zero emission thermo-gasification plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a plant for the conversion of solid civil and industrial waste comprising a storage warehouse; mechanism for transporting and delivering the waste; mechanism for moving and feeding the waste material to a loading hopper grinding system (5); first separating mechanism of the ferrous and aluminous parts; first conveying mechanism of the ferrous and aluminous parts to recovery containers; second separating mechanism of heavy parts; second conveying mechanism of the heavy parts to recovery containers; separating mechanism of the fine and large fractions of the remaining material; collection and loading mechanism of the material into a collection silo; extracting mechanism which feed a mixing hopper (3); and loading mechanism of a gasifying oven comprising a burner that uses at a multigas plasma torch in oxygen-enriched air, functioning at a high temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the process pretreatment plant.    Pits (1)    Hopper (2)    Jack (3)    Grinding system (5)    Extractor (13)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen production system comprises a reformer for producing hydrogen from a hydrocarbon fuel; a compressor for compressing the hydrogen; a renewable energy source for converting a renewable resource into electricity for powering the compressor and a storage device for storing the compressed hydrogen. The renewable energy source comprises wind, solar, geothermal resource, biomass, waste, wave energy or hydropower.    USE - For producing hydrogen useful as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The use of renewable source to provide the necessary energy for compressing the hydrogen into the state for storage and transport, coupled with use of thermal reforming for the hydrogen production, reduces the overall cost involved in producing and storing hydrogen. The system produces hydrogen with little or no emission produced as byproduct. The system is capable of at least partial or total sequestration of carbon dioxide, which provides additional environmental benefits. The rate of hydrogen generation from the system is regulated according to the power available from the renewable energy converter, resulting in more efficient, cost effective and capacity augmented hydrogen generation and storage system. The on-site generation of hydrogen using continuous pipeline supply of natural gas reduces the needs for massive on-site storage and fleets of hydrogen trucks, which tend to impose sensitive safety considerations and inhibit wide adoptions of the bulk usage of hydrogen. The use of renewable energy to supply heat to the thermal reforming process also presents advantages over electrolysis, including increased efficiency. The use of renewable energy in hydrogen production for hydrogen reforming and/or compression provides economic clean and transportable hydrogen fuel with enhanced energy density in storage. The system compensates for the natural fluctuations of the availability of the renewable energy supply e.g. daily, seasonal or weather variations of wind and solar intensity.
NOVELTY - Production of high pressure hydrogen comprises steam reforming a hydrocarbon during reforming cycle in a pressure swing reformer to provide a synthesis gas stream; subjecting the synthesis gas to a high temperature water-gas shift reaction to provide a multi component product gas stream enriched in hydrogen; separating high pressure hydrogen from the multi-component product stream; and combusting a fuel and oxygen in regeneration cycle.    USE - For producing high-pressure hydrogen for refinery processes, for direct use as a fuel and for distribution.    ADVANTAGE - The method generates hydrogen at improved thermal efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration showing the basic reforming and regeneration steps of pressure swing reforming.    First ends (3, 11)    Second ends (5, 9)    Conduit (15)
NOVELTY - Synthesis of hydrocarbon compounds from synthesis gas comprises generating a synthesis gas stream containing greater than 2:1 mole ratio of hydrogen:carbon monoxide in a pressure swing reformer; separating a portion of the hydrogen from the synthesis gas stream; and introducing the synthesis gas stream into a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor for conversion to liquid products.    USE - For synthesizing hydrocarbon compounds from synthesis gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method achieves effective integration of pressure swing reforming with downstream hydrocarbon conversion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a synthesis gas and hydrocarbon conversion process, comprising introducing a feed stream comprising a hydrocarbon and steam through a first end of a first zone containing bed packing materials and a steam reforming catalyst to produce a product synthesis gas stream at a first pressure having a ratio of hydrogen (H2):carbon monoxide (CO) greater than 2:1; passing a portion of the product to a second zone containing bed packing materials, and transferring the sensible heat from the product to the packing materials; removing all product from the second zone; introducing an oxygen-containing gas into the second end of the second zone; contacting the oxygen-containing gas with a fuel and combusting the gas and fuel within the zones at a second pressure lower than the first pressure, thus re-heating the first zone to reforming temperatures and creating a flue gas that exits through the first end of the first zone; separating hydrogen from the product recovered to produce a synthesis gas stream having H2:CO ratio of 2:1; and introducing the synthesis gas into a hydrocarbon synthesis reactor for conversion to liquid products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration showing the basic reforming and regeneration of pressure swing reforming.    First ends (3, 11)    Second ends (5, 9)    Conduit (15)
NOVELTY - An electrical power generator comprises a water vapor generator (12), a hydrogen gas generator (14) attached to the water vapor generator via conduit(s) (18), and a fuel cell (16) attached to the hydrogen gas generator via conduit(s). The hydrogen generator contains a non-fluid substance which reacts with water vapor to generate hydrogen gas.    USE - For generating electric power used in miniature devices, e.g. wireless sensors, cellular phones, or other hand held electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves upon the related art by reacting a water vapor with non-fluid substance to controllably generate hydrogen gas, rather than liquid water. By reacting a water vapor with non-fluid chemical substance, it has been found that the problems associated with reactive chemical hydrides are avoided, resulting in a more efficient system than those of the prior art.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of an electrical power generator.    Water vapor generator (12)    Hydrogen gas generator (14)    Fuel cell (16)    Conduit (18)    Mesopump (22)    Tensile membrane (32)    Heater (34)
NOVELTY - Foamable interpolymer resin particles comprise polyolefin (20-80 wt.%) and polymerized vinyl aromatic resin (80-20 wt.%) forming an interpenetrating network of polyolefin and vinyl aromatic resin particles, and blowing agent (1.5-20 wt.%) and limonene (0.1-5 parts by weight (pbw)/100 pbw interpolymer particles) impregnated in the interpolymer resin particles.    USE - For use in the manufacture of foamed articles (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The use of a combination of blowing agent and limonene as blowing aid improves expandability of the resin particles, thus, forming articles with improved physical properties compared to the prior art. The combination eliminates offensive odor associated with particles containing hazardous air pollutants, e.g. toluene and benzene, as blowing aid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the foamable interpolymer resin particles by blending the blowing agent and limonene to form a mixture, and adding the mixture to interpolymer resin particles in impregnation step; or adding blowing agent and limonene separately to the interpolymer resin particles in the impregnation step.
NOVELTY - A heater (4), supplied with heating fuel (31) by a heating fuel supply pipeline (33) in communication with a heating fuel storage tank (3), heats up canister containing chamber (1). A blower (5) provides air flow (51) to the canister containing chamber via an air flow leading pipe (52). A temperature sensor (71) detects internal temperature of the canister containing chamber and generates a temperature signal.    USE - For controlling hydrogen flow from hydrogen storage canister accommodated in canister containing chamber incorporated with catalyst bed in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Controls release of hydrogen from hydrogen storage canister moderately. Hydrogen storage canister is heated efficiently in short time. Discharging rate of hydrogen from hydrogen storage canisters can be regulated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (7) with a microprocessor controls the heater and the blower in correspondence to the temperature signal, and controls hydrogen flow discharged from hydrogen storage canisters via a hydrogen supply pipeline (22).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the schematic view showing the arrangement of the control device.    Canister containing chamber (1)    Heating fuel storage tank (3)    Heater (4)    Blower (5)    Controller (7)    Hydrogen supply pipeline (22)    Heating fuel (31)    Heating fuel supply pipeline (33)    Air flow (51)    Air flow leading pipe (52)    Temperature sensor (71)
NOVELTY - A mesh cage (2) which contains particle trash is accommodated in the inner side of a heat-resistant container (1) such that a gap is formed between the inner wall of container and cage.    USE - Used for carbonizing particle trash e.g. sawdust, amorphous organic material, waste material, chaff, bean curd lees, oil cake, thin husk, vegetable debris, fruit debris, for medical, agricultural and domestic applications.    ADVANTAGE - Enables accommodating mesh cage inside the container, easily and rapidly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the particle trash carbonization device.    heat resistant container (1)    mesh cage (2)    inner tube (3)    outer chimney (4)    fire hole (5A)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide (CO) selection oxidizing layer (3) is provided to remove carbon monoxide remained in a shift layer (2). An air supply port (17) is provided at the narrow pipe line (16) arranged in a gas passage. The ratio of length and diameter of the area from the air supply port to the carbon monoxide selection oxidizing layer edge is 1.3 or more.    USE - For modifying hydrocarbon into hydrogen gas in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improves reliability of the modifier. Reduces the size of the modifier. The reformed gas and air with specific gravity are mixed efficiently and ensures efficient removal of carbon monoxide in reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the modifier for fuel cells.    Modified layer (1)    Shift layer (2)    Oxidizing layer (3)    Narrow pipe line (16)    Air supply port (17)
NOVELTY - A Burkholderia cepacia TP121 strain, is new.    USE - For waste water treatment. For decomposing fats and oils present in waste water obtained from e.g. restaurants and hotels.    ADVANTAGE - Burkholderia cepacia TP121 has high lipase activity at normal temperature and exhibits high efficiency lipolysis in high fat and oil containing sample such as waste water. The fat and oil containing waste water emitted from hotels can be decomposed-treated in a short time at normal temperature (10-35 degreesC), thus not requiring heating process. The fat and oil containing waste water emitted from hotels can be processed at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a microorganism having same mycological characteristics as Burkholderia cepacia TP121 strain; and    (b) a waste water treatment method.
NOVELTY - The combustion system has a combustible gas sensor (9) that is provided in exhaust gas flow path for measuring exhaust gas concentration, actuated after elapse of preset time from engine start time. A warning is output when measured gas concentration exceeds preset limit.    USE - For fuel reformer used in fuel cell. Prevents incorrect measurement of the gas concentration. Also enables alerting user about fuel gas leakage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the combustion system and flowchart explaining the combustion control process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (6)    combustion unit (7)    exhaust gas flow path (8)    combustible gas sensor (9)    hydrogen gas utilization unit (10)
NOVELTY - A clot formulation inhibitor or a platelet aggregation inhibitor contains proanthocyanidin as an active ingredient.    USE - For use in functional food (claimed) for treating and preventing disease produced by thrombosis such as cerebrovascular disease, cerebral infarction, cerebrovascular dementia, transient cerebral ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, angina, chronic artery obstruction, intermittence property limping, numbness of limb, peripheral diseases, deafness and pain.    ADVANTAGE - The proanthocyanidin has excellent clot formation inhibitory effect and platelet aggregation inhibitory effect.
NOVELTY - Reclamation processing of a biodegradable organic waste is carried out in a reclaimed ground. Methane gas generated by anaerobic fermentation of organic waste is collected. After the completion of methane-gas generation, the obtained fermentation decomposition product is dug and recovered as a recycle material such as manure, soil improvement material, topsoil material and solid fuel. Thus, the organic waste is processed.    USE - For processing organic waste such as garbage, livestock dung, sludge, foodstuffs waste material, agricultural-and-forestry-fishery waste material and industrial waste, and recovered as recycle material such as manure, soil improvement material, topsoil material and solid fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The processing method efficiently performs recycling, incineration and volume reduction of organic waste, and is eco-friendly. Methane gas is efficiently and safely collected from the organic waste. The processed organic waste is hygienically dug in the reclamation ground.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for methane gas collecting equipment. The equipment has reclamation disposal plant, horizontal and vertical gas well, emission gas passageway, gas treatment equipment, suction apparatus and gas holder for storing collected gas. The reclamation disposal plant uses bottom portion and circumference, which carries out reclamation processing of biodegradable organic waste, as a water-barrier structure. The horizontal and vertical gas wells collect fermentation gas, and are installed in disposal plant at fixed intervals. The emission gas passageway having sequential installation of gas treatment equipment, suction apparatus and gas holder, collects and emits gas by connecting the gas wells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram explaining the processing method of organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A digestive waste liquid (101) obtained after methane fermentation, is mixed with a coagulant (102), and dehydrated. The resulting dehydrated filtrate (104) is heat-processed and then supplied to ammonia stripping apparatus (8).    USE - For processing digestive waste liquid obtained in livestock waste treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively prevents re-aggregation of unreacted coagulant and unreacted suspended solid in dehydrated filtrate. Therefore, continuous processing of digestive waste liquid is carried out stably, without obstruction of inner portion of diffusion tower of ammonia stripping apparatus, and increase in internal pressure. The method reduces the addition amount of coagulant to digestive waste liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of digestive waste-liquid processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methane-fermentation tank (1)    Heat exchanger (2)    Ammonia stripping apparatus (8)    Digestive waste-liquid (101)    Coagulant (102)    Dehydrated filtrate (10)
NOVELTY - An electromagnetic plunger (12) is inserted into an annular magnetic pole (26) according to the solenoid magnetic attraction force generated in the conduction period of a pulse current. Rings (13) provided in the annular grooves formed at the ends of the plunger are made of fluorine group synthetic resin. The outer diameter of the rings is larger than the outer diameter of the electromagnetic plunger.    USE - Used for supplying fuel such as natural gas, methane, petrol, propane or butane in a polymer solid electrolytic fuel cell (PEFC).    ADVANTAGE - The size and weight of the pump are reduced. The durability and discharge capability are improved, and noise is reduced effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An auxiliary spring (15) and a return spring (13) are arranged at the respective ends of the electromagnetic plunger (12) arranged inside the annular magnetic pole (26). The plunger is inserted into the pole according to the solenoid magnetic attraction force generated in the conduction period of pulse current. Rings (13) provided in the annular grooves formed at the ends of plunger, are made of fluorine group synthetic resin. The outer diameter of the rings is larger than the outer diameter of the electromagnetic plunger. A filter provided at the inner side of the electromagnetic pump (1), is covered by a silencer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical sectional view of the electromagnetic pump.    electromagnetic pump (1)    electromagnetic plunger (12)    return spring (13)    auxiliary spring (15)    annular magnetic pole (26)
NOVELTY - Processing apparatus for organic refuse comprises a stirring unit (3) arranged inside a cylindrical treatment tank (4), having several blades (2) which are arranged radially on a vertical rotary stirring shaft (1).    USE - For performing fermentation of organic refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Enables compressing and crushing the refuse in the gap between the inner wall of the tank and the tip of the blade, hence increases the processing capacity of the refuse even if a vertical treatment tank is used. Since the space between the inner wall of the tank and the tip of the blade is changed gradually, the stirring torque is reduced. Enables reducing the size of the refuse processing apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing apparatus for organic refuse comprises a stirring unit (3) arranged inside a cylindrical treatment tank (4), having several blades (2) which are arranged radially on a vertical rotary stirring shaft (1). The tip of the blade is made to adjoin the inner wall of the tank, at one position, and is spaced apart from the inner wall, at another position, by arranging the rotary axis (L2) of the shaft eccentric to the vertical central axis (L1) of the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front sectional view and a flat-surface sectional view of the refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    stirring shaft (1)    blades (2)    stirring unit (3)    tank (4)    central axis (L1)    rotary axis (L2)
NOVELTY - Fungi and their symbiotic bacterial group produced by growing together in an environment where the oxygen concentration is kept essentially at at most 1 parts per million (ppm), with carbon sources for a nutrient and electron-accepters including inorganic salts, is new.    USE - As an agent for treating organic waste, for deodorizing organic waste, for deodorizing a fetid source containing organic matter (claimed), and for purifying organic waste such as sewage from factories, common household, toilet, raw trash, latrine and plant waste.    ADVANTAGE - The fungi and their symbiotic bacterial group deodorize and purify the organic waste, thus shows reduced the nitrogen and phosphor and improves the quality of sewage. Flora was sampled and placed in a LB medium, stirred, suspended and incubated. The solution obtained was transferred into experimental tanks containing domestic sewage. The tank content was then aerated so all the content of dissolved oxygen was at most 1 ppm. A sample was extracted from the supernatant and physico-chemical properties was determined to evaluate the quality of treated water. The total nitrogen/total phosphor was found to be 8.8/1.4 as compared to untreated sewage 22.7/1.1. The result showed the total content of nitrogen/phosphor was greatly reduced suggesting improvement in the quality of sewage. The odor of the samples was eliminated after treatment and their residual sludge was also greatly reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) treating organic waste, comprising mixing fungi and their symbiotic bacterial group with the organic waste and decomposing the organic waste; and    (2) deodorizing a fetid source containing organic matter, comprising mixing fungi and their symbiotic bacterial group with the fetid source and decomposing odorous materials.
NOVELTY - An assembly separates combustible wastes for use as fuel from non-combustible wastes. The assembly has a first sorting station where unwanted foreign bodies are removed leaving a residual fraction which is surrendered to a second sorting station. Materials desired for use as fuel are removed at the second station, leaving a final residual third fraction.    USE - Waste sorting assembly for recovery of combustible materials.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly removes materials incorporating the element chlorine and inert substances e.g. glass, stone in a single pass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The assembly receives pre-crushed, shredded and granulated waste materials consisting of plastic, wood and paper. The particles or grains are dosed and fed to a conveyer system via a near-infrared sensor that detects their respective positions. Material is then separated as required by controlled exposure to compressed air jets. If the presence of cartons is detected by a near infrared detector, operation of the metal detector identification system is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the principle of operation.    Acceleration conveyer belt (1)    metal detector (2)    near infrared material identification system (3)    foreign bodies (4)    discharge belt (5)    foreign bodies (6)    compressed air discharge (7)    combustible materials (8)    residual materials (9)
NOVELTY - A spontaneously foaming hair tonic or rinse system comprises: (a) a container system including an aerosol dispenser and a bag-on-valve system, a piston system, a bag-in-can system or mechanical system under pressure; (b) a basic tonic or rinse formulation including hydrophobic materials, emulsifiers, active agents, humectants, surfactants, perfume oil, water and optionally cationic materials, thickeners, acids and preservatives; and (c) low-boiling hydrocarbons mixed with (b).    USE - For application of hair tonics or hair rinses, including 'leave-on' formulations.    ADVANTAGE - The system, based on 'two-chamber technology', provides a homogeneous, creamy, easily applied foam. The materials are released onto the hand as a creamy mixture, which at body temperature and under shear force (rubbing) gives a soft, mild foam which is easily and rapidly applicable to the hair. Typically under mild shear forces the material expands to 6 times its original volume in 10 seconds and to 10 times its volume in 60 seconds. The high surface area of the foam optimizes the uptake or active agents and care components by the hair. Subsequent rinsing of the foam from the hair is also easy, even in the case of long hair.
NOVELTY - A sensor monitors the temperature of an oil-cooled transformer by determining the concentration of a selected gas using infrared gas absorption. The sensor consists of a laser diode (3), an absorption measurement path, a photo-detector (5) and an oil-free chamber linked to the transformer housing interior by a semi-permeable membrane (2).    USE - Gas sensor to monitor the temperature of oil in an oil-cooled transformer.    ADVANTAGE - The gas sensor facilitates continuous monitoring of the transformer condition, unlike prior art intermittent measurements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas measured is ethylene, ethyne, propane, propene, methane, oxygen, carbon dioxide or carbon monoxide. The detection lower threshold is 20 ppm. Measurement of ethylene concentration takes place using a discrete spectral line within the ethylene spectrum at about 3.3 The measurement and control system (7) is incorporated within a housing (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the sensor. (Drawing includes non English-language text).    Sensor housing (1)    semi-permeable membrane (2)    laser diode (3)    absorption measurement path (4)    photo-detector (5)    transformer cover (6)    electronic control system (7)    measuring cell (8)
NOVELTY - A calcium-mischmetal-nickel-based alloy is new.    USE - The invention is used for storing hydrogen gas (claimed) used as a fuel for fuel cells producing hydrogen energy.    ADVANTAGE - The invention improves long-term stability of the alloy without causing much reduction of the storage capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New calcium-mischmetal-nickel-based alloy is of formula (CaxM1-x)t(Ni1-yTy)5.    M = mischmetal, and/or rare earth metal;    T = metalloid(s);    x = greater than 0 and up to 1;    y = greater than 0 and up to 0.5;    t = 0.8-1.2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a curve giving the hydrogen storage capacity of the alloy as a function of the pressure after 3 cycles and 250 cycles.
NOVELTY - The method involves expanding and thus cooling reaction gases from the reformer in a turbine(s) and using the resulting rotation energy in compressed air, hydraulic and/or electrical energy generators and/or in mechanical arrangements. Gray water is produced by evaporation for the reformer process. The casing of the arrangement is wholly or partially used for pre-heating and evaporating fuel to be reformed and the water component that is fed in.    USE - For using the waste heat of a fuel cell reformer to separate hydrogen from hydrocarbons and water.    ADVANTAGE - Enables waste heat and heated reaction gases occurring in external reformer processes to be used for energy generation with fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves expanding and thus cooling the reaction gases from the reformer (5) in at least one turbine (4) and with one or more turbine stages and using the resulting rotation energy in compressed air, hydraulic and/or electrical energy generators (3,19, 18) and/or as energy of motion in optional mechanical arrangements (20). Gray water is produced by evaporation for use in the reformer process and the casing of the arrangement is wholly or partially used for pre-heating and evaporating the fuel to be reformed and the water component that is fed in. AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (a) an arrangement for using the waste heat of a fuel cell reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive arrangement for using the waste heat of a fuel cell reformer (Drawing includes non-English text)    reformer (5)    turbine (4)    compressed air, hydraulic and/or electrical energy generators (3,19,18)    mechanical arrangement (20)    evaporator (6)
NOVELTY - A resin-impregnated reinforcement fiber (3) is wound on the outer surface of a tank base (1), in multiple layers. The compressive stress is applied to the lower fiber layer and the tensile stress is applied to the upper fiber layer, in empty state of a high-pressure tank (D).    USE - For use in high-pressure tank used for storing hydrogen gas, liquid hydrogen, oxygen gas, liquid oxygen, for use with fuel-cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The pressure resistant ability of the shell is enhanced, by applying tensile stress to the upper fiber layer. Enables to increase storage capacity of the high-pressure tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) high-pressure tank;    (2) manufacturing method of high-pressure tank; and    (3) manufacturing apparatus of high-pressure tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the side view of a high-pressure tank manufacturing apparatus.    Tank base (1)    Reinforcement fiber (3)    Pressure resistant shell (4)    Support stands (5, 6)    High-pressure tank (D)
NOVELTY - A Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon product comprises n-paraffins (at least5 wt.%) of the hydrocarbon product), and branched paraffins. Substantially all of the branched paraffins are monomethyl branched paraffins. The ratio of end-chain monomethyl branching to internal branching of the monomethyl branches paraffins is at least1:1.5.    USE - Useful in making detergents or surfactants.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon product has a high degree of linearity as compared to naturally occurring mineral or petroleum-derived hydrocarbons.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic flow diagram of a Fischer-tropsch hydrocarbon conversion system.    Reactor (14)    Steam (20)    Fischer-Tropsch reactor (26)    Fischer-Tropsch hydrocarbon product (28)    Lighter hydrocarbons (30)    Heavier hydrocarbons (32)
NOVELTY - A fuel processor comprises a desulfurization unit for reducing sulfur content of hydrocarbon fuel, a pre-reformer for catalytically converting hydrocarbon fuel to a mixture of 1C and 2C hydrocarbons, and a steam reformer for reforming the mixture at steam reforming temperature in a catalyst bed into a reformate comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The catalyst bed comprises carbon dioxide-fixing material for fixing a portion of carbon dioxide.    USE - For steam reforming sulfur-containing hydrocarbon fuel, e.g. diesel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The incorporation of carbon-dioxide-fixing material in the catalyst bed simplifies the conversion process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) steam reforming a sulfur-containing hydrocarbon fuel by reducing the sulfur content of hydrocarbon fuel, catalytically converting the reduced-sulfur hydrocarbon fuel to a mixture of 1C and 2C hydrocarbons, steam reforming the mixture of 1C and 2C hydrocarbons at steam reforming temperature in a catalyst bed to produce a reformate comprising hydrogen and carbon dioxide, and fixing a portion of carbon dioxide in the reformate with a carbon dioxide-fixing material in the catalyst bed to produce a hydrogen-rich reformate;    (b) an electricity-generating apparatus comprising the above fuel processor, and a fuel cell to receive hydrogen-rich reformate from the fuel processor, consume a portion of the hydrogen-rich reformate, and produce electricity, anode tail gas, and cathode tail gas; and    (c) generation of electricity by steam reforming sulfur-containing hydrocarbon fuel to produce hydrogen-rich reformate, and feeding the hydrogen-rich reformate to an anode of a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration of an electricity-generating apparatus.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing bioceramic and all processed mineral products by using fermented extracts of natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like. Therefore, the manufactured bioceramic and processed mineral products contain various kinds of organic acids, minerals, vitamins and the like, and thus increase the human health, promotes metabolism, increases the growth of children, removes a hangover and has treatment effects on constipation, cancer and other diseases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mmanufacturing bioceramic and all processed mineral products is characterized by carrying out saccharification and fermentation by acetic acid and lactic acid, with adding pharmacologically effective ingredients, such as natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like, as described in the specification. Therefore, the manufactured bioceramic and processed mineral products contain dietary enzymes as well as components of natural products having pharmacological action.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing Cervi Cornu by using fermented extracts of natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like. Therefore, the manufactured Cervi Cornu contains various kinds of organic acids, minerals, vitamins and the like, and thus increase the human health, promotes metabolism, increases the growth of children, removes a hangover and has treatment effects on constipation, cancer and other diseases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacturing Cervi Cornu is characterized by carrying out saccharification and fermentation by acetic acid and lactic acid, with adding pharmacologically effective ingredients, such as natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like, as described in the specification. Therefore, the manufactured Cervi Cornu contains dietary enzymes as well as components of natural products having pharmacological action.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing ginseng by using fermented extracts of natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like. Therefore, the manufactured ginseng contains various kinds of organic acids, minerals, vitamins and the like, and thus increase the human health, promotes metabolism, increases the growth of children, removes a hangover and has treatment effects on constipation, cancer and other diseases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacturing ginseng is characterized by carrying out saccharification and fermentation by acetic acid and lactic acid, with adding pharmacologically effective ingredients, such as natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like, as described in the specification. Therefore, the manufactured ginseng contains dietary enzymes as well as components of natural products having pharmacological action.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing seasoned soybean paste by using fermented extracts of natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like. Therefore, the manufactured seasoned soybean paste contains various kinds of organic acids, minerals, vitamins and the like, and thus increase the human health, promotes metabolism, increases the growth of children, removes a hangover and has treatment effects on constipation, cancer and other diseases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacturing seasoned soybean paste is characterized by carrying out saccharification and fermentation by acetic acid and lactic acid, with adding pharmacologically effective ingredients, such as natural medicinal products, seaweeds, animals, plants, drugs, mushrooms and the like, as described in the specification. Therefore, the manufactured seasoned soybean paste contains dietary enzymes as well as components of natural products having pharmacological action.
NOVELTY - This 'Yellow Clay Composite Material' is for cleansing and improving the quality of contaminated lake, river or coastal seawater as well as soil. It is a mixture of soil microorganisms, yellow clay powder, calcium oxides, magnesium oxides, alumina and iron oxides.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - This 'Yellow Clay Composite Material' is for cleansing and improving the quality of contaminated lake, river or coastal seawater as well as soil. It is a mixture of soil microorganisms, yellow clay powder, calcium oxides, magnesium oxides, alumina and iron oxides. The composite material is sprayed to contaminated water or soil to improve its quality and rehabilitates acidic soil by neutralizing it. This material should be useful in treating or preventing the frequent red tide phenomena along coastal waters as well.
NOVELTY - An electroconductive support plate (33a) has several gas passageways (34) that are formed along axial length direction of plate in order. The diameter R1' of gas passageways in vertical direction of the support plate is greater than the diameter R2' of gas passageways in horizontal direction of the support plate.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical resistance of electric current path in the fuel cell is reduced, and the electric power generating capability of fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electroconductive support plate (33a)    Lateral electrodes (33b, 33d)    Solid electrolyte (33c)    Interconnector (33f)    Gas passageways (34)
NOVELTY - Methane-fermentation of primary slurry and/or residue substance obtained from organic refuse such as garbage, is performed in the presence of sawdust, charcoal and methane-fermentation microbe, and secondary slurry and methane gas are produced.    USE - For methane-fermentation processing of organic refuse such as garbage from kitchen, to remove organic material used as raw material of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic material in the refuse is removed economically, efficiently and easily, and used as raw material of fuel cell. Chemical adjustment and management of methane fermentation process are simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane-fermentation processing apparatus of organic refuse. The processing apparatus has an apparatus of mechanism which performs methane fermentation using residue solid substance obtained from organic refuse such as garbage, as primary slurry in the presence of sawdust, charcoal and methane-fermentation microbe, and producing secondary slurry, and a mechanism which performs methane fermentation of primary slurry and/or secondary slurry in the presence of methane bacterium and producing methane gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model of structure of organic refuse processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    primary slurry storage tank (3)    primary solid substance tank (4)    fermenter (5)    bio-film support (11)    granule microbe (12)
NOVELTY - Coal is heated in presence of inert gas, and coke oven gas is produced. Gas is determined according to component, based on maximum heating temperature and temperature increase rate of coal. Volume of generated gas from coal and calorie of coal are determined. Calorie of coal is determined by multiplying amount of gas combustion heat per unit quantity of each component. Calorie of coke oven gas is estimated based on calorie of coal.    USE - For predicting generation amount and calorie of coke oven gas used as fuel gas in iron mill.    ADVANTAGE - The prediction of generation amount and calorie of coke oven gas is simple and highly accurate, and has high industrial value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Coal is heated in a furnace in the presence of inert gas, and coke oven gas is produced. The produced gas is determined according to component, based on maximum heating temperature and temperature increase rate of coal in coke oven. The volume of generated gas from coal is determined according to brand separate percentage of coal, based on generated gas volume classified by components of coal. The generation amount of coke oven gas and calorie of coal are determined, according to generated gas volume classified by components of coal. The calorie of coal is determined according to brand separate percentage of coal, by multiplying the amount of gas combustion heat per unit quantity of each component. The calorie of coke oven gas is estimated based on calorie of coal. The generation amount and calorie of coke oven gas are predicted. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) information processing method for estimating generation amount and calorie of coke oven gas; and    (2) information processor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the relation between generation amount of methane per amount of unit coal and methyl (-CH3) abundance in coal by nuclear magnetic resonance. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte fuel cell system has a desulfurizer, a modifier, a carbon monoxide (CO) transformer and a CO removal unit. The desulfurizer comprises a desulfurizing agent formed by ion exchange of 13-21 wt.% of silver with sodium-yttrium zeolite using silica and alumina in the ratio of 4.8-6. A hydrocarbon group fuel is desulfurized in the desulfurizer, modified in the modifier and purified in the CO removal unit.    USE - Used by hydrogen generator.    ADVANTAGE - The novel polymer electrolyte fuel cell system is compact and operated continuously without exchanging or regenerating desulfurizing agent. It prevents deterioration of the modifying catalyst over a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating the above polymer electrolyte fuel cell system, which involves desulfurizing a hydrocarbon group fuel at normal temperature to 80 degrees C using a desulfurizing agent, modifying in a modifier and purifying in a CO removal unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the relationship between silver content and sulfur adsorption capacity, at different dew points. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Mixed gas of hydrogen, aromatic hydrocarbon and unreacted lower hydrocarbon containing source gas is supplied from hydrocarbon modifier (10), to reactor (60), in the presence of catalyst (65), to generate organic hydride, by hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbon. A combustor (50) burns portion of mixed gas and generates heat that preheats lower hydrocarbon containing source gas supplied to modifier.    USE - Lower hydrocarbon direct reformation composite apparatus such as gas turbine and aromatic hydrocarbon hydrogenated reactor for jointly producing organic hydride, hydrogen used for fuel cells for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The cyclohexane and decalin are efficiently manufactured from the lower hydrocarbon containing source gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the lower hydrocarbon direct reformation composite apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrocarbon modifier (10)    reactor (60)    hydrogenation catalyst (65)    hydrocarbon reformed catalyst (15)    combustor (50)
NOVELTY - A method for processing organic waste by methane-fermentation, involves grinding the mixture of biodegradable plastics and organic waste, slurring the mixture, decomposing the biodegradable plastics under anaerobic condition at 40-60 degrees C and subjecting the slurry to methane fermentation.    USE - For processing organic waste such as surplus sludge emitted from activated sludge treatment, human waste, organic refuse emitted from restaurant, home, etc., and food processing residue emitted from foodstuffs factory, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste containing biodegradable plastics can be micronized and decomposed efficiently with fewer residues after fermentation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation processing apparatus, which contains a grinder (11) for grinding the mixture of biodegradable plastics and organic waste, a plastic degradation tank (13) for decomposing biodegradable plastics, a methane fermentation tank (15) and a temperature control unit for maintaining the temperature of plastic degradation tank at 40-60 degrees C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline block diagram of methane fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    grinder (11)    plastic degradation tank (13)    pump (14)    methane fermentation tank (15)    gas cylinder (18)
NOVELTY - A modifier system has desulfurizer, modifier, carbon monoxide transformer, carbon monoxide removal device, fuel cell, air and fuel supply systems, control apparatus to control modification water flow amount to preset range, and regulator. Time-dependent deterioration degree of modification catalyst is estimated from driving information of amount for accumulation modification of hydrocarbon-type fuel and/or start-stop frequency.    USE - As modifier system.    ADVANTAGE - The modifier system is driven and continued for a long period of time, without exchanging the modification catalyst filled in modification portion of modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier system has a desulfurizer, a modifier, a carbon monoxide transformer, a carbon monoxide removal device, a polymer electrolyte fuel cell using hydrogen manufactured by modifier, a supply system (I), supply system for supplying air to heating portion of modifier, carbon monoxide removal device and fuel cell, control apparatus, and a regulator for controlling fluid flow to the flow path of supply systems. The supply system (I) supplies water to modification portion of modifier, and hydrocarbon-type fuel for modification. The time-dependent deterioration degree of modification catalyst is estimated from the driving information of amount of accumulation modification of hydrocarbon-type fuel and/or start-stop frequency. The control apparatus controls the flow amount of modification water, such that favorable deterioration degree is acquired.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operating method of modifier system with polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the aspect of modifier system with polymer electrolyte fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrogen is supplied from measurement hydrogen tanks to hydrogen fuel vehicle through piping after filling hydrogen in the piping from auxiliary hydrogen tank.    USE - Measuring fuel consumption of hydrogen fuel vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves accuracy of measurement of fuel consumption. Enables dilution and purging of air in the piping. Prevents reduction in pressure in the main pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen supply apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The flow chart shows the hydrogen supply method.
NOVELTY - The device has an electrolyte- electrode arrangement with a pair of electrodes (38,40) and an electrolyte (36) between them and a pair of separators (18,20) for accommodating the electrolyte-electrode arrangement, reaction gas feed and removal lines, a reaction gas flow field (42), a sealing structure (50) with a seal connection and sealing elements (52a,52b), whereby the internal angle of the sealing connection is in the range from 40 to 90 degrees and the sealing arrangement has a curved section for connecting the sealing elements.    USE - For generating an electric current from a chemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Simple structure in which the line or surface pressure exerted on the sealing element does not increase locally so that the sealing performance can be maintained and a desired current generation performance achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective exploded representation of an inventive fuel cell    electrodes (38,40)    electrolyte (36)    separators (18,20)    reaction gas flow field (42)    sealing structure (50)    sealing elements (52a,52b)
NOVELTY - A system for treating sludge to generate electricity and prepare fertilizer is composed of a marsh gas pool using sludge as a raw material to generate marsh gas, a cleaning separator using different cleaning materials to decompose marsh gas into methane and CO2, a turbogenerator using methane to generate electric energy, and a fertilizer preparing machine using the residual dregs of the marsh gas pool to prepare fertilizer.
NOVELTY - An ecological toilet without drainage is composed of a frame, a casing, a close bowl installed on frame, a trough with a microbial bed under the outlet of the closet bowl and a stirrer driven by a power unit for stirring the excrement, urine and microbes to ferment and decompose the excrement and urine into water and odorless and colorless gas, and a heater for evaporating the water. The residual substance can be used as organic fertilizer or as the nutrients of the microbes on microbial bed.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are no drainage and pollution, no need of water.
NOVELTY - Removal and recovery of nutrients from digested manure or other organic wastes, comprises separating waste into digested liquids and solids, and biogas; precipitating solids and stripping ammonia from digested liquids; injecting an exhaust stream of carbon dioxide into digested liquids; recycling digested liquids back to anaerobic digester; passing excess ammonia through digested solids; and capturing biogas.    USE - For removal and recovery of nutrients from digested manure or other organic wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces or eliminates negative environmental impact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Removal and recovery of nutrients from digested manure or other organic wastes, comprises separating waste from an anaerobic digester into digested liquids and solids, and biogas; precipitating solids from the digested liquids; stripping ammonia from the digested liquids; injecting an exhaust stream of carbon dioxide drawn from the anaerobic digester into the digested liquids to reduce the pH and raise the temperature of the digested liquid; recycling the digested liquids back to the anaerobic digester for use in diluting in coming solid wastes; passing the excess ammonia stripped from the digested liquid through the digested solids to recover nitrogen through absorption with the resultant solids being usable as a biofertilizer with a high nitrogen content; and capturing the biogas for use in power generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a process for removal and recovery of nutrients from digested manure or other organic wastes.
NOVELTY - Contaminants from a natural gas feed stream are removed by cooling the natural gas feed stream in a first vessel (12) to a first operating temperature at which hydrates are formed, and removing from the first vessel a stream of dehydrated gas.    USE - For removing contaminants from a natural gas feed stream including water.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively removes the contaminants from natural gas feed stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic flow diagram of a process for removing contaminants from a natural gas feed stream.    First vessel (12)    Second vessel (14)    Heat exchangers (22, 36, 38)
NOVELTY - Alkylation of a hydrocarbon compound involves providing a catalyst including a zeolite Y having a crystal size of not more than 100 nm; and reacting an alkylatable hydrocarbon with an alkylating agent in the presence of the catalyst under alkylation reaction conditions to provide an alkylate product.    USE - The process is used for alkylating a hydrocarbon compound to produce an alkylate product e.g. gasoline having a Research Octane Number (RON) of at least99.5 (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process provides an alkylate product with a high Research Octane Number, and alkylation reaction having a longer run time. The catalyst increases the effective diffusivity of reactants and products, and enhances product selectivity.
NOVELTY - Converting solid fossil fuels into petroleum, organic or inorganic material, petroleum and solid fossil fuels into carbon, hydrogen or oxygen, or hydrogen, carbon and oxygen into fossil fuels comprising isolating a starting microorganism capable of the conversion, isolating from the starting microorganism the genes responsible for the conversion ability, and transfecting the genes into a host microorganism, is new.    USE - The method is useful for making microorganisms capable of producing petroleum from coal or wood or certain other fossil fuels, or raw materials including turf, grass, glucose, rubber, sapropel, sapropelites, slates, and wood.    ADVANTAGE - The method is useful for making microorganisms in a highly efficient, commercially viable manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid fossil fuels include coal or oil tars obtained by distillation of coal, turf, grass, glucose, rubber, sapropel, sapropelites, slates, and wood. The inorganic material includes such contained in water or salt water.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of improving converting of solid fossil fuels to petroleum, or converting organic or inorganic material (including such contained in water or salt water), petroleum, solid fossil fuels, into carbon, hydrogen or oxygen.
NOVELTY - Generation of hydrogen-rich reformate from hydrocarbon feed stream comprising olefins and alkanes, comprises preheating inlet gas stream comprising oxygen containing gas stream and hydrocarbon feed stream; contacting preheated inlet gas stream with sulfur tolerant partial oxidation catalyst to form pre-reformed gas stream; and subjecting pre-reformed gas stream to reforming process to form hydrogen-rich reformate.    USE - For generating a hydrogen-rich reformate from a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising olefins and alkanes, preferably propylene and propane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method minimizes or prevents the deposition of coke in the reformer, due to the olefin component in the hydrocarbon feed stream. The available reactive catalyst surface areas are maintained and pressure drops are minimized within the reformer by conducting the pre-reforming method. Conducting reforming processes with the pre-reformed gas stream extends the time period that the reformer can be effectively operated without maintenance due to coke deposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Generation of a hydrogen-rich reformate from a hydrocarbon feed stream comprising olefins and alkanes, comprises:    (a) preheating an inlet gas stream comprising an oxygen containing gas stream and the hydrocarbon feed stream to 180-300degreesC, where the oxygen/carbon (O2/C) ratio of the inlet gas stream is 0.02-0.15;    (b) contacting the preheated inlet gas stream with a sulfur tolerant partial oxidation catalyst to form a pre-reformed gas stream, where a temperature of the pre-reformed gas stream is maintained below 400degreesC; and    (c) subjecting the pre-reformed gas stream to a reforming process to form the hydrogen-rich reformate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts a sectional view of a single channel of a layered-honeycomb-type monolith catalyst substrate.    Internal surface (2)    Bottom catalyst layer (3)    Top catalyst layer (4)
NOVELTY - A power supply system comprises an array of fuel cell systems (60), each comprising a regenerative polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack. The supply systems supply air, fuel gas and ambient air respectively to the fuel cell stacks. A DC current supply system connects a power source across the fuel cell stacks and a storage system stores hydrogen received from the fuel cell stacks.    USE - Fuel cell for backup and uninterruptible power supply system for electronic applications    ADVANTAGE - The plant is smaller and lighter than conventional power supply systems employing valve regulated lead acid (VRLA) batteries. It also provides instant on operation with improved hydrogen consumption rates, at lower cost and complexity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a schematic view of the power generation system.    Two dimensional array of fuel cell systems (60)
NOVELTY - The auxiliary power unit includes a compressor (140) that is coupled to a drive shaft (144) and configured to compress a pressurized source of oxidizing gas for supplying compressed oxidizing gas to the fuel cell (104). A generator (172) produces electrical energy when the drive shaft is operated by a turbine (168). The turbine receives heated gas from a waste fuel burner (160) that receives and combusts uncombusted fuel emitted by the fuel cell.    USE - Hybrid solid oxide fuel cell/turbine driven auxiliary power unit (APU) for aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - Cost effectively provides sufficient power while improving fuel efficiency and reducing pollution since effective total mass drops more sharply than the turbine-powered auxiliary power unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for supplying electrical power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of a hybrid solid oxide fuel cell auxiliary power unit.    Fuel cell (104)    Compressor (140)    Drive shaft (144)    Waste fuel burner (160)    Turbine (168)    Generator (172)
NOVELTY - A biomass is pyrolysed to form a liquid (A) which is then subjected to a high temperature thermal cracking step.    USE - For preparing synthesis gas.    ADVANTAGE - The nitrogen and carbon dioxide content is reduced without having to increase reactor volume, reduce reagent concentration or increase reactor pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for preparing synthesis gas (B) comprises the following steps:    (a) pyrolysis of a biomass to form a liquid containing at least 25 vol.% organic compounds and maximum 70 vol.% water; and    (b) subjecting the liquid to a thermal cracking step at a minimum temperature of 900degreesC in order to form synthesis gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the synthesis apparatus.    Pump (2)    Steel pipe (3)    Spray device (4)    Thermocouple (5)    Bio-oil (A)    Synthesis gas (B)
NOVELTY - Provided is a TPA decomposing microbe which very effectively decomposes the non-treated TPA contained in wastewater with the conditions of high temperature, high alkali and high concentration, thereby making the desired biological wastewater treatment without requiring any separate pre-treatment process or equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A TPA decomposing microbe is Corynebacterium sp. YT-14 (KCTC 10176BP) which has a TPA decomposing capacity under the conditions of 15-50 degreesC and pH5-14. The TPA is contained in the polyester weight loss finishing wastewater, or fiber dyeing wastewater.
NOVELTY - Provided is an ethylene glycol decomposing microbe which very effectively decomposes the non-treated ethylene glycol contained in wastewater with the conditions of high temperature, high alkali and high concentration, thereby making the desired biological wastewater treatment without requiring any separate pre-treatment process or equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ethylene glycol decomposing microbe is Photobacterium sp. YE-13(KCTC 10177BP) which has an ethylene glycol decomposing capacity under the conditions of 20-50 degreesC and pH5-14. The ethylene glycol is contained in the polyester weight loss finishing wastewater, or fiber dyeing wastewater.
NOVELTY - A compression and combustion processor (6), such as an engine, compresses and combusts an odorous gas collected in an enclosed space from an organic-refuse disposer (1).    USE - For deodorizing odorous gas ejected from a composting apparatus, livestock barns, e.g. henhouse or hoggery, from sewage works, waste-material and sludge disposal field, from organic refuse of home and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system enables degradation of an odorous gas at high temperature and high pressure using the compression and combustion processor. The need for large installation space is eliminated, thus reducing initial cost of the deodorizing process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The odorous gas is collected in a shower room (3) from a drying unit (2). The odor gas is deodorized by reducing the humidity of the gas in a dehumidification chamber (4) and a deodorizing apparatus (5) sequentially. The compression and combustion processor is selected from a diesel engine, a gasoline engine or a rotary engine.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of deodorizing an odorous gas ejected from an organic-refuse disposer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above deodorizing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    organic-refuse disposer (1)    drying unit (2)    shower room (3)    dehumidification chamber (4)    deodorizing apparatus (5)    compression and combustion processor (6)
NOVELTY - An insulation-tube support plate (3) is fixed to a frame (2). An electrolytic bath (4) contains insulation supports arranged at fixed intervals between an insulator and an electrode plate, formed with grooves of fixed depth. A blower cools an air discharge port near an electrolyte-liquid supply port. A gas exhaust port (5) ejects mixed gas from between the electrode plates, during electrolysis.    USE - For generating mixed gas of oxygen and hydrogen for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient generation of mixed gas for long time period and collection of the mixed gas through the gas exhaust port. Suppresses electric-power loss by connecting the direct electric power to the anode and the cathode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An insulation-tube support plate (3) is fixed to a frame (2). An electrolytic bath (4) contains insulation supports arranged at fixed intervals between an insulator and an electrode plate, formed with grooves of fixed depth. A blower cools an air discharge port near an electrolyte-liquid supply port. A gas exhaust port (5) ejects mixed gas from between the electrode plates, during electrolysis.    An insulator is fixed between a cover and a coupler, so as to form an electrolysis chamber of fixed sealing space. A power supply is connected on the both sides of an anode and a cathode of the electrolytic bath. The mixed gas containing oxygen and hydrogen is generated by electrolyzing water inside the bath.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the mixed-gas generator.    frame (2)    insulation-tube support plate (3)    electrolytic bath (4)    gas exhaust port (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation membrane (82) is arranged in a communication path (83) connecting the upper and lower chambers (77,78) of a chemical reactor. The mixed gas supplied to the upper chamber is compressed by a piston (72) arranged inside a cylinder (71). The hydrogen is separated from the mixed gas and is supplied into the lower chamber, by the pressure generated during movement of the piston.    USE - For generating hydrogen supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient separation of the hydrogen from the mixed gas, by the pressure generated during movement of the piston. The recovery amount of the hydrogen per unit time is increased. by increasing separation efficiency of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The chemical reactor generates mixed gas containing hydrogen, by modification reaction of aliphatic alcohol or hydrocarbon. The hydrogen is separated from the mixed gas using the hydrogen separation membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    cylinder (71)    piston (72)    upper and lower chambers (77,78)    hydrogen separation membrane (82)    communicating path (83)
NOVELTY - The inclusion hydrate of hydrogen is generated by reaction between hydrogen gas and water under low condition. The hydrate is overcooled using cold heat of liquefied nitrogen gas (LNG), until reaching preset low temperature. The pressure of the hydrate is reduced to atmospheric pressure, after appropriate time for stabilizing the hydrate.    USE - For manufacturing inclusion hydrate of hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - The need for special cooling device and refrigerant to generate very low temperature is eliminated, due to overcooling of the hydrate using cold heat of the LNG gas. Enables to achieve reductions in installation and running costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrate is overcooled by using a portion of the LNG supplied from a LNG terminal (1) to a LNG vaporization installation (3).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage method for inclusion hydrate of hydrogen gas which involves overcooling of the inclusion hydrate using LNG gas and reducing pressure of the hydrate to atmospheric level, before storing the hydrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram explaining manufacturing method of inclusion hydrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    LNG terminal (1)    LNG storage facility (2)    LNG vaporization installation (3)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation unit (31) is connected to a supply unit (35) for generating hydrogen. A pair of discharge pipes (37a,40a) are connected to the hydrogen generation unit and the supply unit, for ejecting hydrogen and liquid respectively. A controller (39) regulates discharge of liquid from the discharge pipe (40a), during shutdown.    USE - For generating hydrogen supplied to fuel cell used in electric-power generating system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Prevents rise in pressure inside the hydrogen generator by ejecting liquid during shutdown and thereby damage on the pressure generator is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A raw-material supply valve (34b), a water supply valve (35b) and a fuel exhaust valve (37a) are arranged in the hydrogen generation unit, supply unit and a fuel outlet (37) respectively. The supply unit supplies water or fuel to the hydrogen generation unit. The controller regulates opening and closing of the valves such that the water supply valve is opened to discharge liquid during shutdown. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electric-power generating system using fuel cell which has a fuel cell connected to an oxygen feed pipe and a hydrogen feed pipe for generating electric power using hydrogen and oxygen; and    (2) operating method for hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the electric-power generation system using fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generating unit (31)    raw-material supply valve (34b)    supply unit (35)    water supply valve (35b)    fuel outlet (37)    fuel exhaust valve (37a)    discharge pipes (37a,40a)    controller (39)
NOVELTY - An alcohol modifying catalyst contains zinc oxide, active ingredient (I) consisting of copper, palladium and/or silver, and active ingredient (II) consisting of molybdenum, tungsten and/or ruthenium.    USE - For alcohol modifier (claimed) used for generating hydrogen gas using alcohol as raw material other than methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The alcohol modifying catalyst provides gas having low carbon monoxide concentration, high hydrogen concentration and reduced by-products. The alcohol modifier consumes less amount of fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for alcohol modifier containing the catalyst, which is mounted on motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of alcohol modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A carbon-type material containing dischargeable hydrogen is arranged in an atmosphere containing hydrogen. A vibration frequency corresponding to intrinsic frequency is provided to one portion of surface of carbon atom present in carbon-type material to obtain hydrogen occluded component.    USE - The hydrogen occluded component is used in hydrogen storage device which supplies hydrogen to electric power generation system e.g. fuel system (all claimed). Hydrogen occluded component is used for carbon nanotube and graphite.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occluded component adsorbs and discharges hydrogen efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen occluded component;    (2) hydrogen desorption method, which involves discharging hydrogen from the hydrogen occluded component;    (3) hydrogen storage device, which has casing containing the carbon-type material, equipped with hydrogen supply port, and vibration supply unit, which provides elastic or electromagnetic wave frequency corresponding to intrinsic frequency of carbon atom in the material; and    (4) electric power generation system, which has hydrogen storage device which supplies hydrogen to fuel cell connected through an electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of adsorbing hydrogen in graphene sheet by providing vibration frequency to the sheet.    hydrogen atom (1)    graphene sheet (2)    carbon atom (3)    transducer (14)
NOVELTY - The filter comprises an organic-acid fermentation processing layer (7) which traps the suspended solid particle in to-be-processed water/sludge input from downstream side, using filter medium, and produces soluble organic matter. A suspended-solid trapping layer (9) traps and removes the suspended-solid in the to-be-processed water after performing denitrification process.    USE - For processing waste water, sewage, leachate, human waste and various industrial waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Nitrogen and chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal processing are preformed effectively, using organic-acid fermentation processing layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio-film filtration method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of bio-filter.    to-be-processed water inflow pipes (1,2)    organic-acid fermentation processing layer (7)    denitrification processing layer (8)    suspended-solid trapping layer (9)
NOVELTY - The denitrifying processing is performed with respect to-be-processed water by using sulfur, calcium carbonate as main component and inorganic fiber containing alkaline-earth material, and dephosphorus processing is performed simultaneously using hydraulic material containing mixture of cement, slag fine powder, or alkali material    USE - For processing nitrogen nitrate and phosphorus containing water such as industrial waste water, natural water, agricultural waste water, underground water, river, lakes, marshes, livestock farming waste water, fish culture.    ADVANTAGE - The denitrification and dephosphorus processing are performed simultaneously and conveniently. Prevents eutrophication by nitrogen nitrate and phosphorus, and suppresses water pollution, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) nitrogen nitrate and phosphorus containing water processing apparatus; and    (2) phosphorus containing water processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual diagram of the nitrogen nitrate and phosphorus water processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    to-be processed water supply port (1)    denitrificator (4)    treated water discharge port (8)    dephosphorus agent (9)    denitrifying unit (A)    dephosphorus unit (B)
NOVELTY - The waste water treatment tank (10) includes super fine bubble generator (16), and swivel type stirrer (34) with three-dimensional blade fixed at both ends of the shaft.    USE - For treating organic waste water such as industrial waste water, foodstuff processing water, human waste water and livestock excrement waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Increases dissolved oxygen concentration, and raises decomposition activity of microorganisms. Reduces the deposition amount of the sludge in the waste water treatment tank, reliably. Hence reduces the energy and maintenance cost of the treatment facility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the sewage treatment system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    waste water treatment tank (10)    tanks (10a-10c)    super fine air bubble generator (16)    oxygen generator (21)    stirrer (34)
NOVELTY - Solid electrolyte is electrically heated through a pulse train using the power source (31). Electrodes attached to above surface furnish a potential signaling the presence of gases e.g. carbon monoxide (CO), methane and propane, as they get oxidized. Ionic charges gathering over these electrodes are neutralized by short circuiting the electrodes, through a relay (33) during the time slots between heater pulses.    USE - Gas sensor e.g. carbon monoxide (CO) sensor for detecting gas e.g. CO, methane, propane and hydrogen, for gas leak alarm and CO alarm in kitchen in home.    ADVANTAGE - The sensor has increased reliability and life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    CO detector element (20)    microcomputer (23)    resistor (25)    capacitor (26)    direct current (DC) power source (30)    signal processor (32)    relay (33)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell mounting apparatus has a power supply circuit (2) and a backlight (3), arranged near a discharge port (7) through which water vapor generated by the reaction of a fuel cell (6) is discharged.    USE - For portable liquid crystal television and notebook type personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The energy-saving capability and the cooling efficiency are improved. The size of the apparatus is minimized and space saving is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view of the fuel cell mounting-type liquid crystal television.    power supply circuit (2)    backlight (3)    liquid crystal panel (4)    fuel cell (6)    water vapor discharge port (7)
NOVELTY - The fragment of a mushroom cultivation waste bed is mixed with fragmented wood biomass. Then, a methanogen containing material is added to the mixture, fermented under anaerobic condition and a mixed gas, which contains at least methane is generated.    USE - For producing gas such as methane and hydrogen useful as energy resources.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to generate methane gas at low cost. Methane is efficiently obtained by fermentation of biomass. The waste sludge is effectively utilized as a methanogen containing material. Methane and hydrogen with high purity can be manufactured simultaneously.
NOVELTY - Porous inorganic membrane comprises 0.05-25 wt.% carbon distributed gradientwise in the pores of an inorganic matrix with separatory properties.    USE - The membrane is useful for separating molecules smaller than 0.8 nm, especially hydrogen, oxygen, helium, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane, from hydrocarbon streams (claimed). The membrane is also useful in association with catalysts (claimed), especially for hydrocarbon hydroconversion and oxidation reactions.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane is selectively permeable to molecules smaller than 0.8 nm.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the membrane by contacting the matrix with a hydrocarbon feed at 20-550 degrees C in two stages.
NOVELTY - Nano-carbon materials are produced by treating starting material and catalyst at 100-800 degrees C while being compressed at 0.2-60 MPa. The catalyst comprises transition metal-containing materials, alumina, silica or silicon carbides. The starting material is converted to supercritical or subcritical fluid while it is contacted with the catalyst.    USE - Producing nano-carbon materials e.g. carbon nanotubes or carbon nanofibers useful in field emission displays, lithium batteries or hydrogen storage systems.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the production of nano-carbon materials from relatively inexpensive starting material by simple method using inexpensive apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of nano-carbon materials comprises treating starting material and catalyst at 100-800 degrees C while being compressed at 0.2-60 MPa. The starting material comprises compounds such as saturated hydrocarbons, unsaturated hydrocarbons, saturated cyclic hydrocarbons and alcohols whose atomic ratio of carbon to oxygen is more than 2. The catalyst comprises transition metal-containing materials, alumina, silica or silicon carbides. The starting material is converted to supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid while the supercritical fluid or subcritical fluid is contacted with the catalyst to obtain a reaction product containing nano-carbon materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an example of the method.
NOVELTY - A reactor chamber for producing methane biogas by fermentation and anaerobic breakdown of animal slurry or other organic material. The reactor has an inlet, an outlet and several mixer units. The reactor planform is asymmetric.    USE - Reactor for generation of methane by anaerobic breakdown of animal slurry and other organic substances.    ADVANTAGE - The non-rectangular form minimizes the difficulty of sediment removal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactor chamber contains a partition wall that runs the length of the reactor at roughly the mid-line. The outlet is a suction outlet located at one corner of the reactor. The outlet is positioned over a depression in the reactor base. The reactor has an elongated form with only one right-angled corner and three non right-angled corners.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a suitable reactor. (Drawing includes non English-language text).    Sediment outlet (1)    Fermentation reactor (10)    Reactor container (12)    Non right-angled corners (14, 16, 18)    Right angled corner (20)    Partition panel (22)    Mixer (24)    Gas outlet (30)
NOVELTY - A heat generator (5) is arranged on the upper surface (2b) of a metal substrate (2) through an insulating film (4). A cover (8) formed with a raw-material inlet (8a) and a gas outlet (8b), is joined to the substrate such that the fine grooves (3) formed in a catalyst (C) is covered.    USE - For modifying raw materials such as methanol and oxidation of carbon monoxide during manufacturing of hydrogen gas used in fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The heat transmission efficiency from the heat generated to a catalyst is increased, by using metal substrate with high heat conductivity and low heat capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for micro-reactor manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal sectional view of the micro reactor.    metal substrate (2)    upper surface (2b)    fine grooves (3)    insulating film (4)    heat generator (5)    cover (8)    raw material inlet (8a)    gas outlet (8b)    catalyst (C)
NOVELTY - Organic waste is processed by sequentially activating mesophilic bacterium and thermophilic bacteria contained in the waste at 15-50degreesC and 50-70degreesC, respectively.    USE - For biological processing of organic wastes such as organic refuse, livestock farm waste material, sewage-material or industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method and agent enables effective and stable processing of organic wastes under suitable conditions using microbes. The method promotes evaporation of moisture content.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) organic waste processing agent, which contains mesophilic bacterium exhibiting activity at 15-50degreesC and thermophilic bacteria exhibiting activity at 50-70degreesC; and    (2) Bacillus pallidus TK6004 (FERM BP-08597) strain.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graph depicting decomposition of organic waste using Bacillus substilis C-3102 with respect to time and a control. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Production of synthesis gas comprises contacting reactant gas with catalyst. The reactant gas comprises light hydrocarbons and oxygen-containing gas. The catalyst comprises catalytically active material on support material. The support material has thermal conductivity greater than 40 W/mK at 25degreesC.    USE - For producing synthesis gas, particularly converting 1-5C hydrocarbon to product gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows catalyst to retain a high level of activity and selectivity to carbon monoxide and hydrogen under conditions of high gas space velocity and elevated pressure. It is more stable and give more comparable syngas yield to conventional syngas catalyst under high gas space velocity and elevated pressure. It does not increase capital cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) converting 1-5C hydrocarbon to product gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas comprising contacting reactant gas mixture containing hydrocarbon and source of molecular oxygen with catalyst in the reaction zone of syngas production reactor at a gas hourly space velocity greater than 20000/hr, and maintaining catalytic partial oxidation promoting conditions during the contacting so that the net partial oxidation reaction is catalyzed by the catalyst. The catalyst comprises active metal disposed on discrete silicon carbide support structures;and    (2) supported catalytic partial oxidation catalyst comprising discrete silicon carbide structure with surface and characteristic longest dimension of 50microns-6mm, catalytically active metal and/or metal oxide layer, and optionally promoter on the surface of the active metal and/or metal oxide layer.
NOVELTY - Producing hydrogen and oxygen involves splitting water using a three-cylinder system. Water is sucked in first cylinder at atmospheric temperature and vapor generated is sucked in a second cylinder at a lower pressure. The pressure in the third cylinder is higher than in the other cylinders causing compression of the vapor to liquefy hydrogen.    USE - To backfilling the mix of hydrogen and oxygen for cars, electricity plants or any other energy or power production (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process involves zero energy consumption. The system is very easy to assemble with perfect results.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of three cylinder system used for producing hydrogen and oxygen from water.
NOVELTY - Producing hydrogen gas involves reacting mixture of organic substances with a base and water. The mixture comprises at least two (preferably at least four) organic substances.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reformation reaction improves the thermodynamic spontaneity of producing hydrogen gas from an organic substance relative to the production of hydrogen gas through the conventional reformation of the organic substance. The greater thermodynamic spontaneity permits the production of hydrogen gas through the instant base-facilitated reactions of an organic substance at temperatures, which are lower than those needed to produce hydrogen gas from the conventional reformation reaction. The greater thermodynamic spontaneity permits the production of hydrogen gas from an organic substance at a faster rate at a particular temperature in a base-facilitated reaction than in a conventional reformation reaction of the organic substance or at the particular temperature. The carbonate ion by-product is transformed to base which consequently further reacts with an organic substance to produce hydrogen gas. The hydrogen is produced at a lower temperature or faster rate relative to a conventional reformation reaction.
NOVELTY - The production of liquefied natural gas includes cooling and expanding a first natural gas stream; cooling a second natural gas stream; compressing, cooling, and expanding mixed refrigerant fluid; and warming the resultant refrigeration bearing mixed refrigerant fluid by indirect heat exchange with cooled compressed mixed refrigerant fluid and with second cooled natural gas.    USE - For producing liquefied natural gas or liquefied industrial gas.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables efficient production of liquefied natural gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of liquefied natural gas includes cooling a first natural gas stream and expanding the first cooled natural gas to produce refrigeration bearing natural gas; cooling a second natural gas stream by indirect heat exchange with the refrigeration bearing natural gas; compressing, cooling, and expanding a mixed refrigerant fluid to produce refrigeration bearing mixed refrigerant fluid; warming the refrigeration bearing mixed refrigerant fluid by indirect heat exchange with the cooling compressed mixed refrigerant fluid and with second cooled natural gas to condense some of the second cooled natural gas; and recovering resulting condensed natural gas as product liquefied natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of producing liquefied industrial gas.    Heat exchangers (14, 29)    Cooled heat exchanger (31)    Industrial gas stream (72)    Cooled industrial gas stream (74)    Valve (76)    Phase separator (78)    Compressor (83)
NOVELTY - The unit comprise a reformer (2) for reforming source gas e.g. natural gas containing hydrocarbons to generate hydrogen-rich reformed gas. A fuel cell (3) generates electric power using the reformed gas transferred from reformer. A purifier (4) purifies the hydrogen in exhaust gas discharged from the fuel cell.    USE - Hydrogen supply unit is used for supplying electric power to electrical appliance used in home. It is also used with fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to generate hydrogen from source gas or natural gas efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of hydrogen supply unit.    reformer (2)    fuel cell (3)    purifier (4)    connectors (12,14)
NOVELTY - Invention relates to biocides used for suppression of sulfate-reducing microorganisms growth and can be used in petroleum deposits for water treatment in the stratum flooding. Proposed composition represents a synergetic mixture preparing by physical mixing polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride with formalin. Formaldehyde as 37% solution (marketing form of formalin) and polydimethyldiallylammonium chloride as 41% solution (marketing form) are used in their mass ratio = (1:9):(9:1), respectively. Biocide composition provides enhancing activity of reagent for suppression sulfate-reducing microorganisms growth.    USE - Microbiology, biocides.    ADVANTAGE - Valuable properties of composition.
NOVELTY - The invention presents a hydrogen generator and is dealt with the field of the power production. The hydrogen generator may be used for production of hydrogen both at the stationary power-generating plants and on the transport installations. The hydrogen generator operating at the expense of a hydrolysis of a solid reagent - aluminum has a reaction vessel, a main pipeline for delivery of an aqueous solution of sodium hydrate, a main pipeline for delivery of hydrogen. The hydrogen generator also has a container with a solid reagent - aluminum, the heat exchanger for removal of the reaction heat made out of metal resistant to action of the aqueous solution of the sodium hydrate placed inside a reaction vessel filled in with an aqueous solution of sodium hydrate and having a direct thermal contact with the solid reagent - aluminum. At that the metal, out of which the heat exchanger is made, has a much higher thermal conductivity, than the solid reagent - aluminum. The invention allows to intensify process of generation of hydrogen.    USE - Production of power equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows to intensify process of generation of hydrogen.2 dwg
NOVELTY - Proposed natural gas drier is made on base of diethylene glycol including borax, foam suppressor, type 139-282 on base of silicon-organic liquids and anti-foamer; anti-foamer contains laprol and potassium carbonate, disodium phosphate and benzotriazole at the following ratios of components, mass-%: borax, 0.3-1.0; potassium carbonate, 0.1-0.3; disodium phosphate, 0.5-1.2; benzotriazole, 0.05-0.1; laprol, 0.001-0.1; foam suppressor, type 139-282, 0.001-0.1; the remainder being diethylene glycol. Reduction of corrosion of field equipment in gas phase to 0.02-0.00493 mm/year and to 0.009-0.00015 mm/year in liquid phase.    USE - Absorption drying of natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency.1 tbl
NOVELTY - Provided is an economical method for making high-quality magnetized compost applicable to agricultural and horticultural crops, which reutilizes various organic wastes as resources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of: removing foreign materials, salts and water from organic waste; introducing the organic waste in a mixer; adding at least one mineral powder thereto, in such an amount that the total mineral content after fermentation and aging becomes 45 wt% or less; adding magnetite(Fe3O4) in such an amount that its content after fermentation and aging becomes 5-30 wt%; introducing at least one bulking agent for carrying out fermentation smoothly to the moisture content of 60 wt%, and agitating and mixing them; fermenting and aging for 30 days or more; separating and removing foreign materials to obtain an aged compost; introducing the aged compost into a mixer; adding a biodegradable resin as a binder, and agitating and mixing them; forming pellets from the compost; drying the pelletized compost to have the moisture content of 20-35 wt%; and magnetizing the dried and pelletized compost with 500 G or more at which point coercive force is effective.
NOVELTY - The thermal decomposition processing of waste material is performed to produce thermal decomposition gas and residue (11). A portion of tar contained in produced gas, is made to react with oxygen-containing gas and water vapor to convert into reformed gas. The reformed gas is introduced into purification unit (13) which outputs coke oven gas (15), after cooling, dust separation and hydrochloric acid degassing of reformed gas.    USE - For recycling combustion waste material such as plastic waste material, municipal solid waste, waste wire, shredder dust.    ADVANTAGE - Stable and highly efficient combustible waste material recycling process is performed by simple technique.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for recycling apparatus for combustible waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the combustion waste material recycling apparatus.    thermal decomposition furnace (2)    reformer (3)    dust separation apparatus (5)    thermal decomposition residue (11)    purification unit (13)    coke oven gas (15)
NOVELTY - Sulfuric acid is used as 1 type of reacting matter. Sulfuric acid decomposition reaction is performed at 600degreesC or less by electrolysis using a dividing wall containing solid electrolyte (10) of oxygen ionic permeability. Hydrogen is produced from water thermochemically, and the reacting matter is circulated. Oxygen is simultaneously separated during electrolysis.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The method decreases construction material corrosion, and reduces energy loss by carrying out decomposition of sulfuric acid and separation of oxygen simultaneously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen and electric power joint supply fast reactor plant. A sulfuric acid electrolysis reactor is provided in a secondary cooling group of fast reactor. The sulfuric acid decomposition reaction is performed with electric power produced using steam of steam generator and heat by secondary coolant. The joint supply of hydrogen and electric power is made possible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of sulfur trioxide content solution process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid electrolyte (10)    electrode (12)    direct current power source (14)    chambers (16,18)
NOVELTY - A catalyst packing/suction opening(s) (54) is connected to suction apparatus (32), and is connected to catalyst packing space (52) of reactor (50), which reforms by contacting fuel and catalyst packed inside. Another catalyst packing/suction opening (56) is connected to catalyst inlet tube (21). Catalyst (40), which operates suction apparatus, and sucked from catalyst inlet tube, is packed to the space of the reactor.    USE - For packing catalyst to reactor used in fuel cell power generating device and fuel reformer or hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is simply packed to the reactor with improved operation efficiency and workability, within a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst packing/suction opening(s) (54) is connected to a suction apparatus, and is connected to catalyst packing space of reactor, which reforms by contacting fuel and catalyst packed inside. Another catalyst packing/suction opening (56) is connected to a catalyst inlet tube. One opening is occluded, other opening is used for suction. The catalyst, which operates suction apparatus, and sucked from catalyst inlet tube, is packed to the space of the reactor.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for catalyst packing apparatus (30).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of catalyst packing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst inlet tube (21)    catalyst packing apparatus (30)    suction apparatus (32)    catalyst (40)    reactor (50)    catalyst packing space (52)    suction opening (54)    catalyst packing opening (56)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas producing apparatus is equipped with storage tank (10), endless belt (15), driving device (20) and heater (25), to dehydrogenate fuel on heated belt (15) and to produce hydrogen gas. The storage tank stores hydrocarbon-type fuel. The endless belt is provided with catalyst metal. At least portion of belt (15) is immersed to fuel. The driving device conveys belt (15) in longitudinal direction.    USE - For producing and supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell mounted on electric vehicle or hydrogen fuel engine vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas producing apparatus is lightweight, and has reduced size. The hydrogen gas producing apparatus rapidly dehydrogenates hydrocarbon-type fuel, and effectively produces hydrogen gas with high hydrogen concentration and improved productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen gas producing apparatus is equipped with a storage tank (10), an endless belt (15), a driving device (20) and a heater (25). The storage tank stores hydrocarbon-type fuel. The endless belt is provided with catalyst metal. At least a portion of the endless belt is immersed to the hydrocarbon-type fuel. The driving device conveys the endless belt in a longitudinal direction. The heater heats the endless belt. Hydrocarbon-type fuel is dehydrogenated on the heated endless belt in the hydrogen gas producing apparatus, and hydrogen gas is produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline block diagram of the hydrogen gas producing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (10)    endless belt (15)    driving device (20)    heater (25)    regulator for adjusting quantity of hydrocarbon-type fuel provided to endless belt (35)    fuel cell (40)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas production apparatus has reaction tank (10), separation tank (20), and occlusion or hydrogen reservoir (30). Reaction tank has heater which heats the catalyst used for dehydrogenating hydrocarbon group fuel. The separation tank separates and ejects hydrogen gas from mixture of gas containing hydrogen gas. The occlusion or hydrogen reservoir discharges heat produced in heater and ejects hydrogen gas from separation tank.    USE - For mounting on vehicles such as electric vehicle and hydrogen-fueled vehicle, and for producing hydrogen gas to internal combustion engines such as fuel cell and gasoline engine.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas production apparatus is lightweight and has excellent occlusion-discharge during emission of heat from heater. Additional amount of heat is not required for hydrogen occlusion of discharge, and produces hydrogen gas efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen gas production apparatus has reaction tank (10), separation tank (20), and occlusion or hydrogen reservoir (30). The reaction is equipped with heater which heats the catalyst used for dehydrogenating hydrocarbon group fuel. The separation tank separates and ejects hydrogen gas from mixture of gas containing hydrogen gas produced after dehydrogenation. The occlusion or hydrogen reservoir discharges heat produced in heater and ejects hydrogen gas form separation tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    pipings (11,12)    separation tank (20)    occlusion or hydrogen reservoir (30)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generating material contains aluminum powder and calcium oxide powder. The amount of aluminum powder is 85 wt.% or less with respect to total of 100 wt.% of aluminum powder and calcium oxide powder. The mixture of aluminum powder and calcium oxide powder is capable of reacting with water.    USE - For hydrogen generation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen generating material stably generates hydrogen at normal temperature, without by-producing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water-permeable bag which is packed with the hydrogen generating material and a hydrogen generating agent;    (2) hydrogen generation which involves mixing aluminum powder and calcium oxide powder, preparing hydrogen generating material, adding water to material, and generating hydrogen; and    (3) hydrogen generator having container for containing aluminum powder and calcium oxide powder, and accommodating hydrogen generating material, piping for introducing water to the container, and piping for ejecting hydrogen generated in the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows a relationship of total amount of hydrogen production with respect to amount of aluminum powder. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer has fuel modification portion (1) for producing hydrogen rich gas from modification raw material, and vapor production portion (4). Portion (4) changes liquid modification raw material or modification raw material of liquid and vapor state into vapor using heat of hydrogen rich gas. The heat required for vapor production is adjusted by adjusting temperature of hydrogen rich gas passing through portion (4).    USE - For producing water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer maintains the increase speed of driving load and produces vapor using heat of hydrogen rich gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel modification portion (1)    oxidation portion (3)    vapor production portion (4)    carbon monoxide oxidation portion (5)    oxidizing agent adjustment unit (7)    temperature detection unit (11)    driving load detection unit (30)
NOVELTY - Water vapor or gas containing water vapor is contacted with iron carbide (18). Iron carbide is oxidized and/or hydrated, and water vapor is reduced, to produce hydrogen.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used as fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced at low pressure by simple and cost-effective method. The method utilizes inexpensive installation, raw material and fuel, and is eco-friendly. The produced gas does not contain carbon monoxide, thus reformation is unnecessary. The method uses little amount of fossil raw material, utilizes waste heat and improves energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. The apparatus has hydrogen generation reactor (10) having iron carbide (18) inside, and separation unit for separating water vapor of the gas emitted from the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generation reactor (10)    reactive gas inlet pipe (12)    wind box (14)    iron carbide (18)    fluid bed (20)    waste gas exit pipe (22)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas separation tank (10) comprises a supply port (20) for supplying mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon, a cooling blocking layer (16a-16i) for cooling the mixed gas from the supply port, condensing hydrocarbon and separating hydrogen gas, and a discharge port (22) for ejecting separated hydrogen gas.    USE - For hydrogen gas generation apparatus used for supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell mounted on vehicles, such as electric vehicle and hydrogen fueled engine vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas separation tank has high hydrogen separability, and provides high purity hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the hydrogen gas generation apparatus equipped with the hydrogen gas separation tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen gas separation tank (10)    storage tank (14)    cooling blocking layer (16a-16i)    supply port (20)    exhaust port (22)
NOVELTY - The odor inhibitor contains ethyl acetate extract obtained by extracting sludge containing menaquinone 9H8 having mole concentration of 8 mol% or more with ethyl acetate.    USE - The inhibitor is useful for suppressing odor generated from organic wastewater such as sewage, human waste, sludge, wastewater and organic refuse exudation liquid, manure, compost, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The odor inhibitor is effective in suppressing production of odor component without changing the characteristics of odor generation source and affecting water quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for odor suppression method.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is crushed and unsuitable fermented substance is removed. Methane fermentation processing is carried to the organic waste. The formed methane fermented liquid is solid-liquid separated, and anaerobic treatment is performed to the separated supernatant liquid. Ammonia component is removed from the anaerobic treated liquid, and the organic waste is processed.    USE - For processing organic waste such as organic refuse, foodstuff waste material, livestock forming waste material, livestock excrements, purification tank sludge and human waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to process organic waste and produce effluent of favorable water quality, at cost-effective method. De-nitrification processing is performed without using excessive biological nitrification denitrifying apparatus. The method reduces the generation amount of surplus sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of the organic waste processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    preprocessor (2)    methane fermentation tank (4)    solid-liquid separator (5)    biological nitrification denitrifying apparatus (7)    ammonia removal apparatus (12)
NOVELTY - Decomposable microbes which are not annihilated are kneaded with binder and an enzyme which does not decompose organic matter, to obtain a kneaded material. The kneaded material is molded into defined shape, to obtain a drainage treating solid substance (7).    USE - For manufacturing solid substance for drainage/wastewater treatment (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective processing of solid substance, which is utilized in processing fats and oil in wastewater. The solid substance processed by the method has slow solubility in wastewater and is highly safe without causing significant effect on the environment. The solid substance enables easy and continuous processing of wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) solid substance for drainage treatment; and    (2) wastewater treatment method using the solid substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows use of solid substance for drainage treatment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sink (1)    drainage pipe (2)    grease trap (3)    tank (5)    shielding board (6)    solid substance for drainage treatment (7)    cage (8)
NOVELTY - A processing system of organic waste has an organic waste processing apparatus having a fermenter (1), and a methane fermentation tank (10) adjoined or buried in the apparatus. The tank is heated with the fermentation heat of apparatus. The electric power produced from the methane gas generated from tank, is utilized for organic waste processing apparatus.    USE - For processing organic waste such as sludge, animal and plant residue, saw dust, waste textile, waste paper, animal dead body, cinder and excrements.    ADVANTAGE - The system efficiently enables the processing of organic waste, and energy is effectively utilized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of processing system of organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    composting fermenter (1)    switching conveyor (9)    methane fermentation tank (10)    insertion opening (11)    submersible pump (12)    opening for removing biogas (13)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse processing apparatus (5) has a treatment tank (1). A processing material of moisture content of 5-40% is packed into the treatment tank, driving is started at the acidic state of pH of 3-7, and microorganism phase having acidophilic facultative anaerobe, as main constituent, is formed.    USE - In biodegradation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing apparatus has stable processing capacity. Generation of ammonia gas and unpleasant odor are reduced and reproduction of microorganisms by acidic decomposition is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the organic-refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    treatment tank (1)    exhaust gas path (3)    organic-refuse processing apparatus (5)    ventilating fan (12)    heater (13)
NOVELTY - Operation time (TB) of treatment equipment lower than average operation time (TA) at which the intermembrane differential pressure reaches set value (PD), is defined. The elapsed cleaning time and new operation time (TE) are estimated under set pressure. Oxidizing cleaning is carried out within time (TB) and cleaning using both oxidizing agent and acid is carried out when the time (TE) is below time (TB).    USE - For cleaning separation membrane like solid-liquid separation membrane used in waste water treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids use of excess cleaning acid and thereby total cleaning time and wastage of cleaning agent are decreased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph explaining the relation between differential pressure and operation timings.(Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A stirring unit (6) is arranged in a container (1) storing organic refuse, for stirring the refuse. The stirring unit comprises several blades (5) connected to a drive shaft (3) driven by a drive unit (8), by respective arms (4). The stirring blade is movable from the inner surface of the container, by a predetermined distance, by a spring (17) provided in the arm, between the drive shaft and the blade.    USE - For performing bulk reduction of garbage comprising organic refuse, such as boiled rice, by drying refuse, or by decomposing refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Even when foreign materials which are hard to grind, such as metal spoon and fork and hard shell of shellfish, are mixed in the refuse, the damage to the blade and failure of the stirring unit is prevented, as the blade is moved away from the inner face of the container by a preset distance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stirring unit (6) is arranged in a container (1) storing organic refuse, for stirring the refuse. The stirring unit comprises several blades (5) connected to a drive shaft (3) driven by a drive unit (8), by respective arms (4). The stirring blade is movable from the inner surface of the container, by a predetermined distance, by a spring (17) provided in the arm, between the drive shaft and the blade.    The spring biases the blade to the container inner-surface direction. The blade is fixed to the arm which is movable with respect to the drive shaft by the action of the spring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal sectional view of the garbage processing machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (1)    drive shaft (3)    arms (4)    blades (5)    stirring unit (6)    drive unit (8)    spring (17)
NOVELTY - A reagent containing acetaldehyde added to aqueous solution saturated with potassium hydrogen carbonate, is injected to moisten manure sample. Then a reagent containing hydrogen peroxide is added to the manure sample before measuring the light emission quantity of the sample.    USE - For optical measurement of rotting degree of manure in compost treatment facility.    ADVANTAGE - Enables measuring the rotting degree of manure accurately by a feeble spectrographic analysis. The rotting degree of the manure in various tanks is discriminated within a short time after the addition of the reagents.
NOVELTY - The roll bearing (300) is sealed with grease obtained by mixing surfactant having hydrophilic lipophilic balance value of 4-14, and urea compound, as thickening agent with base oil. The mixing amount of the surfactant and urea compound is 0.1-10 mass%, and 5-35 mass% with respect to total grease amount, respectively.    USE - For pumping machine for conveying fuel cell stack and fluid, of fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The roll bearing has improved durability, excellent rust-proofing ability, and corrosion resistance and reduced grease leaks. The roll bearing improves the life time of pumping machine and fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) pumping machine; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the roll bearing.    roll bearing (ball bearing) (300)    inner ring (301)    outer ring (302)    holder (303)    ball (304)
NOVELTY - A housing (6) accommodates processing and combustion apparatuses (2, 4) equipped with processing and combustion chambers (10, 44) respectively, and a blower (72) for cooling the housing. The air in the housing is ejected outside using the blower that cools the surroundings of the processing and combustion apparatus.    USE - For carbonization of organic matter such as combustible waste materials, organic refuse, wood chip, plastic element, paper nappy and hen droppings.    ADVANTAGE - Since air in the housing is ejected by the blower, the temperature rise of the housing can be restrained, effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the carbonization apparatus.    Processing apparatus (2)    Combustion apparatus (4)    Housing (6)    Processing chamber (10)    Combustion chamber (44)    Blower (72)
NOVELTY - A micro-solution supply pump (5) supplies required amount of the water from a water container (4) to a vaporizer (9). A pressure governor (6) adjusts pressure of the carrier gas such as inert gas, hydrogen gas, oxygen gas or air. A mass-flow controller (8) regulates the supply amount of the carrier gas into the vaporizer.    USE - For generating water vapor of standard humidity for fuel cell (claimed) such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to generate water vapor of standard humidity, by uniformly mixing the water with the carrier gas. Enables to control the quantity of the water vapor and to stabilize the operation of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) humidification apparatus for fuel cells;    (2) fuel cell; and    (3) gas and water management system of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the water vapor generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pressure indicator (2)    water container (4)    micro-solution supply pump (5)    pressure governor (6)    mass-flow controller (8)    vaporizer (9)
NOVELTY - An ejector (11) using water vapor as drive fluid, is arranged in a gas line between a modifier (1) and an anode waste gas line (15) of a fuel cell (7). The water vapor is supplied from a steam generator (25) provided at a combustor (9) which burns the anode waste gas.    USE - For electric power generation using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The ejector arrangement in the gas line between the modifier and the fuel cell, decreases highest pressure in the electric power generation system. The electric power generation efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier produces reformed gas by reacting the hydrocarbon group fuel and water vapor ejected from the steam generator. A carbon monoxide (CO) shift device (3) reduces CO in the reformed gas. A CO selective oxidation device (5) performs selective oxidation of the CO in the reformed gas ejected from the shift device. The reformed gas and the oxygen are reacted to produce electric power. The ejector is arranged between the CO selective oxidation device and fuel cell, or between the modifier and CO shift device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell type electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    CO shift device (3)    CO selective oxidation device (5)    fuel cell (7)    combustor (9)    ejector (11)    anode waste gas line (15)    steam generator (25)
NOVELTY - The purification of soil, contaminated by decomposition-resistant substances, involves inoculating white-rot fungi in wooden material containing leaves as a culture base material without making it compost.    USE - Used for purifying contaminated soil.    ADVANTAGE - The process effectively purifies contaminated soil and white-rot fungi effectively decompose lignin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph representing time-dependent change of dioxins decomposition ratio when using FERM P-17514 strain. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Manufacture of lactic acid, involving performing lactic acid fermentation by culturing Lactobacillus selected from Lactobacillus, Streptococcus or Leuconostoc genus in the presence of seawater or water added with seawater, is new. The Lactobacillus utilizes sugar content.    USE - For manufacturing lactic acid useful as raw material of biodegradable plastics.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively manufactures large amount of lactic acid in a short period of time.
NOVELTY - Cellulosic fibril (I) has a specific surface-area of more than 10 m2/g, and is obtained by immersing cellulosic substance in an organic solvent of three or less dielectric constant, and drying the cellulosic substance.    USE - (I) produced by microorganisms such as mutant bacteria belonging to Acetobacter genus e.g., Acetobacter xylinum sucrofermentans, Acetobacter xylinum, Acetobacter pasteurians, or bacteria belonging to the genus Agrobacterium, Rhizobium, Sarcina, Pseudomonas, Achromobacter, Alcaligenes, Aerobacter, Azotobacter, Zoogloea, Enterobacter, Kluyvera, etc., preferably by the mutant microorganisms belonging to the genus Enterobacter, or Kluyvera CJF002, is useful for obtaining cellulosic sheet. The mutation is carried out using nitrosoguanidine (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has large surface area (claimed). (I) can be produced from cheap organic or cellulosic raw materials such as pulp, cotton and hemp.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for sheet formed by containing (I).
NOVELTY - A connector (6) connects lower portion of string (5) provided in a mobile telephone with a contingency fuel container (11) storing methanol. Cover (12) sealing the upper opening of container (11) is raised and syringe attached with lower surface of cover injects methanol sucked from container (11) into fuel container (2) incorporated in mobile telephone, when methanol in the container of mobile telephone is exhausted.    USE - For replenishing methanol in fuel cell of mobile telephone and personal digital assistant.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the user to replenish methanol any number of times by simple operation without wasting time and effort. Reduces the cost as the refilling of methanol in the contingency fuel container is not expensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the methanol replenishment apparatus.    mobile telephone (1)    fuel container (2)    string (5)    connector (6)    contingency fuel container (11)    cover (12)
NOVELTY - Device for producing a gas from biomass or similar material pre-pyrolyzes the material using a screw (5).    USE - Used for operating engines and gas burners.    ADVANTAGE - The device is efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    screw (5)    hot gas pipe (6)    ash outlet (11)    hot gas pipe (12)    coke container (16)
NOVELTY - The fluid or fluid mixture, and the gas or vapor (10), pass through separate chambers (15, 16) inside a casing (14). The chambers are separated by a porous partition (12).    USE - A unit evaporating hydrocarbons using superheated steam, for reforming to produce hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon, e.g. petrol or diesel fuel, is evaporated gently, in the sense that it is heated uniformly and intimately by superheated steam. Local hot spots are prevented. Breakdown of the hydrocarbons to unwanted nuisance byproducts is avoided. Thus thermal cracking, carbon formation, coking and fouling are avoided. Heating may be augmented or controlled by passing a current through the partition. Electrical heating or a burner is used to generate steam in the same casing. Substances other than those cited here, possibly also sensitive to thermal decomposition, may be evaporated similarly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gas or vapor is superheated steam. The porous partition and the casing conduct electricity. A heater cartridge is arranged in the casing. There are numbers of chambers in the casing with porous partitions separating them. Mixing takes place through the porous partition, which is permeable to the gaseous- (superheated steam) or vapor substance. This is under pressure. On passing through the partition, the pressure drop causes evaporation. Voltage applied to the partition causes heating. The fluid or fluid mixture comprises fluid hydrocarbons. Superheated steam used, is produced by combustion of the hydrocarbon or by electrical heating. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the corresponding method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - One of a number of implementations is depicted in cross section.    gas or vapor (10)    porous partition (12)    casing (14)    separate chambers (15, 16)
NOVELTY - The method involves feeding gaseous vaporization products to the anode (20) side of a high-temperature fuel cell module (22) as fuel and oxidation gas to the cathode (26) side of the fuel cell module. The cathode gas of the fuel cell module and/or process gas produced from the cathode gas is or are used as vaporization gas for the automatic thermal vaporization.    USE - For extracting electrical energy from automatic thermal degassing of material containing carbon.    ADVANTAGE - Higher efficiency of current generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (a) a system for extracting electrical energy from automatic thermal degassing of material containing carbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a system for extracting electrical energy from automatic thermal degassing of material containing carbon    vaporization reactor (12)    air connection (14)    fuel cell module (22)    anode (20)    cathode (26)
NOVELTY - Infrared source (10) comprises a first layer (102) having a first transmission characteristic and a second layer (103) having a second transmission characteristic. The combination of the transmission characteristics effects a band pass filter characteristic for an operating frequency region.    USE - For a gas sensor for determining gas concentrations inside a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The infrared source can be easily assembled in the gas sensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas sensor having an infrared source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the infrared source.    infrared source (10)    first layer (102)    second layer (103)    connecting wires (104)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack consists of cells having a gas space (9), an electrolyte layer (3) , a cathode layer (4) and an anode layer (5). A contact layer (6) is formed on the top surface. Each cell has a sealing layer (21) and an isolating layer of aluminium oxide.    USE - Fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improved sealing arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross section through the stack.    Gas space (9)    Electrolyte (3)    Cathode (4)    Anode (5)    Contact (6)    Sealing (21)
NOVELTY - The single fuel cell has a polyelectrolyte membrane (1) and bipolar plates (2) which on one side have channels for fuel, air or oxygen (B,S) and on the other side have cooling channels (K).The channels are coated an electrically non conducting material using a fluid that hardens when heated.    USE - Used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improved process for coating channels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a 3D view of the cell    Polyelectrolyte membrane (1)    Bipolar plates (2)    fuel channels (B,S)    Cooling channels (K)
NOVELTY - A process for removing benzene from natural gas by isopentane features that the natural gas is introduced to the benzene-removing tower from its bottom, the isopentane is fed in said tower from its top, and they are contacted with each other in counter-current mode in the tower to remove benzene from natural gas.    USE - For removing benzene from natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are high effect, low cost and low energy consumption.
NOVELTY - An electrolysis unit includes membrane electrolytic cells electrically connected in series, each of the cells comprising, membrane; two contact plates each disposed on opposing side of the membrane and each including a channel system to transport water and/or gas on a side of the contact plate facing the membrane; two contacting disks, each between one of the two contact plates and the membrane.    USE - For a service station for supplying a motor vehicle with hydrogen as fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A high production capacity of hydrogen can be achieved with few resources. The contacting disks, due to their porosity, allow exposure of each membrane over a large surface area to the necessary media, where with reliable electrical contacting over a large surface area, a reliable mechanical support of the membranes can be effectuated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolysis unit includes membrane electrolytic cells (90) electrically connected in series, each of the cells comprising, membrane (92); two contact plates (94) each disposed on opposing side of the membrane and each including a channel system (110) to transport water and/or gas on a side of the contact plate facing the membrane; two contacting disks (104), each between one of the two contact plates and the membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of an electrolysis unit.    Membrane electrolytic cells (90)    Membrane (92)    Contact plates (94)    Contacting disks (104)    Channel system (110)
NOVELTY - Invention can be used for preparing nutrient medium in sanitary-hygienic control of infection of soils, plants and foodstuffs with listeria (Listeria monocytogenes). Method involves preparing nutrient base using maize silage, phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, and agar taken in the amount 10-15 g. Maize silage is infused in phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, for 10-12 h at room temperature in the following ratio of components, g/l: maize silage, 50-150; phosphate buffer, pH 7.4, the balance. The prepared infusion is filtered twice for 20-30 min, sterilized by flowing steam, cooled and added to agar up to 1 l. Invention provides enhancing diagnostic effectiveness of medium, simplifying technology for its preparing and reducing cost of medium.    USE - Biotechnology, microbiology.
NOVELTY - Process comprises clarification in primary settlers, cleaning in air tanks, clarification in secondary settlers, compaction of excessive activated sludge, anaerobic fermentation in methane tanks, compaction of fermented sediment, and dehydration on filter presses.    USE - Waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Increased loading on methane tanks, reduced power consumption and consumption of industrial-grade water for washing of sediment, and increased filter press efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - After secondary settlers excess activated sludge is routed to distributor, where it is divided into three streams. One of them is returned into air tanks and the second is routed to stabilizing air tank. Third stream is fed into methane tank, into which crude sediment from the primary settlers is simultaneously added. Commonly fermented sediment is conveyed to washing in fermented sediment tank, after which compacted and, prior to be dehydrated, introduced into thickener. Stabilized sludge is washed in fermented sediment tank and/or in water separator. Moreover, dehydrated stabilized sludge is then washed in fermented sediment tank and/or in sediment thickener, and/or on filter presses. Washing in fermented sediment tank is effected at ratio of fermented sediment and stabilized sludge to wash water equal to 1:1.
NOVELTY - The system allows the complete decomposition of food waste and the production of brown coal by mixing the processed food waste with auxiliary material. The system comprises a pre-processing unit that receives food waste, moves it, performs initial crushing, selection by particle size and filtering out metallic elements, secondary crushing, dehydration, compression, transport and extraction; a liquid state food waste sprayer unit that moves and sprays the processed food waste from the pre-processing unit; a terminator tank that accommodates the sprayed food waste and microbe chips so that organic materials in the food waste are fermented and exterminated while gas is supplied to the waste matter from a nozzle and forced fan blower installed on the lower end of the unit; a deodorization unit that removes gas and odor from the terminator tank and sends the extracted gas back to the terminator tank; a track mixer unit that reciprocates along the track installed on top of the terminator tank to lift up the food waste and microbe chips in the tank and performs their free fall; a mixer unit that mixes auxiliary materials into inorganic materials that have not been exterminated within the terminator tank and microbe chips to produce brown coal; and a brown coal generator that molds the mixed matter from the mixer unit by compression to produce brown coal as the final product.
NOVELTY - The pot-baking kiln-type carbonization apparatus has a chimney (7,8), an ash extraction opening (5), a wood-type fuel combustion kiln of refractive-material structure, a cylindrical metal carbonization bobbin holder and a gas cooling apparatus. The bobbin holder is packed with carbonization raw material. The gas cooling apparatus (17) cools gas ejected from bobbin holder and manufactures wood vinegar by condensation of gas.    USE - For carbonization of vegetable fiber, skin of tree, Japanese cedar and Japanese cypress, and for carbonized product used as soil conditioner, deodorant, adsorption agent, water-quality improvement agent and moisturizer.    ADVANTAGE - The pot-baking kiln-type carbonization apparatus has simple structure, and performs carbonization at high efficiency. The carbonized product having high shape retention, is obtained. The carbonization is also performed using bath produced as carbonization raw material in saw mill.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pot-baking kiln-type carbonization apparatus has a chimney (7,8) having a fuel insertion opening, an ash extraction opening (5), a wood-type fuel combustion kiln of refractive-material structure, a cylindrical metal carbonization bobbin holder and a gas cooling apparatus. The kiln forms uniform high-heat atmosphere inside the carbonization apparatus. The bobbin holder is packed with carbonization raw material and supported by wall surface of kiln at one or both ends. The gas cooling apparatus (17) cools gas ejected from bobbin holder and manufactures wood vinegar by condensation of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plane-cross-sectional view of pot-baking kiln-type carbonization apparatus.    dwelling (1)    dome (2)    ash extraction opening (5)    chimney (7,8)    foundation (9)    ventilation opening (15)    gas cooling apparatus (17)
NOVELTY - A gas introduction path supplies gas produced within the carbonization tube (11) during carbonization of organic waste, into a gas channel (31) of a heat exchange unit (20). A return path (32) returns gas passing through the gas channel to a hot blast generator (3), after heating the gas by hot air in a heating chamber (5).    USE - For carbonization of organic waste such as litter from cow shed, stable, and also hen droppings, coffee bean, soybean, vegetable debris.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is efficiently carbonized without generating dioxin by burning the gas produced within the carbonization tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the organic waste carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hot blast generator (3)    heating chamber (5)    carbonization tube (11)    heat exchange unit (20)    gas channel (31)    return path (32)
NOVELTY - The cylindrical carbon compound is oxidized using strong acid, and heated to obtain hydrogen occlusion material.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen occlusion material used as hydrogen gas supply for electrochemical devices such as fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides hydrogen occlusion material having excellent hydrogen occlusion ability. Impurities such as hydrocarbons adhered to the surface of cylindrical carbon compounds, are easily removed. Occlusion and discharge of hydrogen gas is easily performed at room temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen occlusion material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the relationship between the concentration (N) of sulfuric acid aqueous solution, and hydrogen occlusion amount or pore volume. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The modifier (1) has an evaporator (10) consisting of an U-shaped connection path (12) connecting an evaporation portion (14) and a super heating portion (15). A communication path (16) formed using a bellow pipe (18), is provided with a guide. A heat conduction fin is provided in the evaporation portion.    USE - For generating reformed gas for fuel cell in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents liquid jump in super heating portion during fluid flow from evaporation portion, by guide in communication path. The thermal stress of the bellow pipe is relieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the modifier.    Modifier (1)    Evaporator (10)    U-shaped connection path (12)    Evaporation portion (14)    Super heating portion (15)    Communication path (16)    Bellow pipe (18)
NOVELTY - The low carbon monoxide reformed gas manufacturing apparatus has an unit for supplying hydrocarbon-type fuel in liquid state, an unit for supplying water in liquid state, and a supercritical modification reaction device containing a modification catalyst. The hydrocarbon-type fuel is reacted with super critical or sub-critical water in the presence of modification catalyst, and low carbon monoxide reformed gas is manufactured.    USE - For manufacturing low carbon monoxide reformed gas used for fuel reforming system for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing apparatus of low carbon monoxide reformed gas is compact, and effectively modifies hydrocarbon-type fuel such as gasoline and light oil at low temperature. The nitrogen dilution and production of byproduct of carbon monoxide are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of low carbon monoxide reformed gas, which involves reacting hydrocarbon-type fuel and super critical or sub-critical water in the presence of modification catalyst; and    (2) fuel reforming system for fuel cell. The fuel reforming system has fuel cell, moisture content recovering unit, waste water ingredient combustor, pressure recovery unit, moisture content removal unit and low carbon monoxide reformed gas manufacturing apparatus. The low carbon monoxide reformed gas and air are sequentially passed through moisture content removal unit and fuel cell. The reformed gas ejected from fuel cell is burned in waste water ingredient combustor. The modification reaction device is heated using combustion heat. The moisture content ejected from fuel cell and/or combustor is collected, and recycled for manufacturing reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of fuel reforming system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage-supply apparatus has a hydrogen storage or supply unit (11), a gas-liquid separating unit (5), and a reactor (2) accommodating a metal supported catalyst which is a two-layered cylindrical shaped component united coaxially. The center portion and periphery of the cylindrical shaped component are formed with a material containing substance having varying electrical resistance.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage-supply apparatus generates hydrogen easily with reduced energy loss, by controlling the temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen storage-supply apparatus has a hydrogen storage or supply material (11), a gas-liquid separating unit (5), and a reactor (2) accommodating a metal supported catalyst (21). The hydrogen storage or supply material is hydrogenated in the presence of the metal supported catalyst or dehydrogenated with a dehydrogenation apparatus. The gas-liquid separating unit separates hydrogen produced in the hydrogen storage or supply material. The metal supported catalyst is a two-layered cylindrical shaped component united coaxially. The center portion and periphery of the cylindrical shaped component are formed with a material containing substance having varying electrical resistance. The exterior of the reactor is surrounded with an electromagnetic induction coil (22) for heating the metal supported catalyst with high-frequency electromagnetic induction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the hydrogen storage-supply apparatus.    reactor (2)    gas-liquid separating unit (5)    hydrogen storage or supply unit (11)    metal supported catalyst (21)    induction coil (22)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage and supply apparatus has cylindrical reactor (2) stored with hollow cylindrical-shaped metal supported catalyst (21) of preset diameter, high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil (22) for heating the catalyst, and gas-liquid separation apparatus (5). The electromagnetic induction coil surrounds the exterior of the cylindrical reactor.    USE - As hydrogen storage and supply apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage and supply apparatus generates favorable amount of hydrogen with reduced energy loss. Easy temperature control is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen storage and supply apparatus has cylindrical reactor stored with hollow cylindrical-shaped metal supported catalyst, high-frequency electromagnetic induction coil for heating the catalyst and gas-liquid separation apparatus. The electromagnetic induction coil surrounds the exterior of the cylindrical reactor. The outer diameter of the catalyst is favorable with respect to inner diameter of cylindrical reactor. A hydrogen storage material (11) is hydrogenated or hydrogen supply material is dehydrogenated in the presence of the metal supported catalyst, with a hydrogenation or dehydrogenation apparatus, respectively. The product from the hydrogenation or dehydrogenation apparatus is separated into hydrogen and hydrogen supply material or hydrogen storage material by the gas-liquid separation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the hydrogen storage and supply apparatus.    Reactor (2)    Gas-liquid separation apparatus (5)    Hydrogen storage material or hydrogen supply material (11)    Metal supported catalyst (21)    Induction coil (22)
NOVELTY - A functional substance-containing solution (4C) comprising organic substance and alumina, is contacted with metal-ion-containing solution (3). A to-be-removed metal (7C) is included at the time of contact, to obtain a composite (8C). The obtained composite is aggregated, and functional substance is settled. The metal (7C) is selectively or non-selectively separated from aggregated composite (18C) by repeating the processes.    USE - For separating and recovering metal (claimed) such as valuable metal and poisonous metal from industrial waste, ore-industry sewage and industrial waste liquid, using functional substance such as protein used in medical field such as blood processing, and foodstuffs field.    ADVANTAGE - The metal is easily, economically and eco-friendly recovered and recycled with high productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for recovery of metal. A functional substance-containing solution comprising organic substance and alumina, is contacted with metal-ion-containing solution (3). The functional substance is then moved to another solution, which is not directly contacted with the solution (3). A to-be-removed metal (7C) is included at the time of contact, to obtain a composite (8C). The obtained composite is aggregated, and the functional substance is settled. The metal (7C) is selectively or non-selectively separated and recovered from the aggregated composite (18C) by repeating the processes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of separation and recovery of metal.    metal-ion-containing solution (3)    functional substance-containing solution (4C)    metal-ion (7C)    metal-functional substance composite (8)    composite (8C)    aggregated composite (18C)
NOVELTY - A moisture-content detector detects the moisture content in a processing chamber stored with a microorganism carrier. The lifetime of the carrier is determined, based on the detected moisture content value. An alert unit alerts the lifetime of the carrier, when the frequency of the peak value of the detected moisture content is beyond a predetermined value.    USE - Used for processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The optimal lifetime of the microorganism carrier is easily and correctly determined in a short time. The processing efficiency of the organic refuse is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A control unit alerts the lifetime of the carrier, when the difference of the peak value of the detected moisture content after injection of the organic refuse and moisture content value before organic refuse injection, counts the frequency beyond the predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of organic refuse processing. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The separator has a housing (11) with an electric-power generation cell that is electrically conducting with electric-power generation element. The supply unit such as diaphragm pump, swiveling fan (13), supplies oxygen to electric-power generation element through flow path (12), for oxidation.    USE - For fuel cell used in electronic apparatus (claimed) such as micromachine and micro electro mechanical system (MEMS).    ADVANTAGE - Decreases the variation of air supply rate with respect to electric-power generation cell. Compact fuel-cell apparatus is obtained easily by simple technique.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell apparatus; and    (2) electronic apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top and sectional views of the separator.    separator (10)    separator housing (11)    flow path (12)    swiveling fan (13)    openings (14,15)    support (18)
NOVELTY - A microcomputer (11) determines the state of a fuel cell (12), based on the residual-fuel amount, supply voltage and oxidizing-agent concentration of the fuel cell detected by respective detectors (13-15). A replenishment unit (21) replenishes oxidizing-agent to the fuel cell, based on the determination result.    USE - Portable electronic device using fuel cell as power supply, e.g. digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - Enables replenishing required amount of oxidizing agent to the fuel cell easily and quickly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for portable electronic device control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the digital camera. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    microcomputer (11)    fuel cell (12)    residual-fuel amount detector (13)    voltage detector (14)    oxidizing-agent concentration detector (15)    replenishment unit (21)
NOVELTY - The camera (1) consists of a fuel cell (7) accommodated in a chamber (9). A slide cover (5) covers or exposes a photographic lens. A gear (33) transmits the sliding movement of the cover, to a ventilating portion (6) provided at the edge of a pipe (8) connected to the chamber, for rotating a fan (32), so as to ventilate the surrounding air of fuel cell.    USE - Camera using fuel cell, such as film camera or digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - Air is supplied to the fuel cell by rotation of the fan, simply and reliably without using electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the camera in non-operation state.    camera (1)    slide cover (5)    ventilation portion (6)    fuel cell (7)    pipe (8)    chamber (9)    fan (32)    gear (33)
NOVELTY - Fuel component in biomass resources (BR) is burnt to produce vapor. The concentration of glycogen material (GM) of BR is adjusted and obtained sugar liquid is fermented and distilled to obtain hydrated ethanol vapor (HEV). HEV is dehydrated to obtain absolute ethanol. Predetermined amount of distillation waste liquid is supplied to evaporator, heated and supplied back to fermentation process for adjusting concentration of GM.    USE - For manufacturing ethanol used as alternative for mobile gas.    ADVANTAGE - Ethanol is manufactured economically using an environment friendly process. The energy required for manufacture and the amount of waste liquid produced during the fermentation process, are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel component in biomass resources is burnt in a boiler (702) to produce vapor. The concentration of glycogen material of the resources containing saccharides, is adjusted and the obtained sugar liquid is fermented using yeast. The fermented liquor is distilled by a distilling column (203) using the heat produced by the vapor in the boiler and hydrated ethanol vapor is produced. The hydrated vapor is dehydrated to obtain absolute ethanol. Predetermined amount of the distillation waste liquid in the bottom portion of the distilling column is supplied to an evaporator (301-303), heated using the heat produced from the hydrated ethanol vapor and concentrated by evaporation. The distillation waste liquid is supplied back to the fermentation process and used for adjusting concentration of glycogen material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of the manufacture of ethanol. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    adjustment tank (101)    yeast-mash tank (102)    fermentation tanks (103A,103B)    distilling column (203)    evaporators (301-303)    boiler (702)
NOVELTY - A filter medium consists of a porous ion exchanger having porosity of 50% or more. At least one portion of pore of ion exchanger forms continuous connection spaces.    USE - For filter used for purifying gas or liquid used for fuel cell mounted on motor vehicles (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The filter medium has high strength, desalting capability for long period of time, and shape stability. The damage of filter medium in harsh environment such as frequency condition and freezing-dry condition, is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) filter (61-66) for fuel cell (1) having filter medium packed inside the container of predetermined shape; and    (2) porous ion exchanger, which consists of cross-linked copolymer having structural unit of formula (4) and/or (5).    A' = 3-8C linear or branched alkylene group or 4-8C alkylene oxy methylene group;    R1-R3 = H, 4C or less alkyl group or hydroxyalkyl group; and    X- = counter anion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the filter using the filter medium.    fuel cell (1)    air electrode (2)    fuel electrode (3)    filter (61-66)
NOVELTY - A metal group coagulant and radiation unit of polyamino acid or its salt are added to polluted water containing dioxin. The dioxin is coagulated and sedimented. Dioxin level of contamination in water is reduced to purify the polluted water.    USE - Purifying dioxin-polluted water such as river water, natural water for drinking, food processing and fermentation industry, lakes and marshes water, underground water, rain water, industrial wastewater, sewage, ditch and pond water.    ADVANTAGE - The dioxin-polluted water is purified by cost-effective method, without using special apparatus and installation. The method performs water purification and removal of dioxin simultaneously. The method eliminates the need of extensive addition of metal group coagulant, and performs dioxin solvent wiping removal at low cost. The polluted water is purified safely and quickly with high efficiency, using safe purification agent. The handling of coagulant is simple during the addition. The coagulated and sedimented dioxin is decomposed inexpensively using microorganism, and amount of sludge produced is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposition of dioxin. The coagulated and sedimented dioxin is provided to dioxin decomposition microorganism as nutrient. The microorganism decomposes dioxin and makes dioxin into harmless substance.
NOVELTY - An electromagnet (3) is arranged in a housing (12) of a pump (1). A suction valve (14) and a discharge valve (16) have corresponding permanent magnets (15,17) which are attracted and repelled by the permanent magnet at the base side. The suction and discharge valves open the respective fluid paths, by switching of the magnetic pole of the electromagnet.    USE - For sucking and discharge of fluid in portable small-sized fuel cell for electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel is supplied by reliable operation of suction valve and discharge valve. Oscillation frequency of diaphragm is varied easily and reliably. Reduces number of components of pump. Ensures efficiency of pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the pump.    pump (1)    electromagnet (3)    pump housing (12)    suction valve (14)    permanent magnets (15,17)    discharge valve (16)
NOVELTY - Multichannel reactor comprises an outer cylindrical wall (1) and an inner cylindrical wall (2) forming an annular space (3); a series of reactor tubes (4) arranged in the annular space parallel to its central axis; and a heater located on the inside of the outer wall and/or on the outside of the inner wall.    USE - The reactor is useful for parallel testing of catalysts, especially heterogeneous catalysts, preferably under isothermal conditions at temperatures of 900-1500 (especially 1000-1300) degreesC and 1-50 (especially 5) bar, the test reactions being conversion of methane to acetylene, ethane, ethylene and aromatics in the presence and absence of oxygen or chlorine, conversion of methane and ammonia to hydrogen cyanide in the presence and absence of oxygen, complete combustion of hydrocarbons, and synthesis gas production (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reactor tubes are uniformly heated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a horizontal section through a reactor for parallel testing of 32 heterogeneous catalysts for high-temperature reactions.    Outer wall (1)    Inner wall (2)    Annular space (3)    Reactor tube (4)    Duct. (5)
NOVELTY - Method for burning a waste gas, containing oxygen and a combustible component, and derived from the heterogeneously catalyzed gas-phase oxidation of an inorganic or organic compound, in a combustion chamber involves adjusting the waste gas to a temperature between 200 degreesC and the highest temperature (over 200 degreesC) that occurs during the gas-phase oxidation. The adjusted gas is supplied to the burner head at this temperature.    USE - For burning waste gases from oxidation, particularly of butane, butene, xylene, propene, isobutene, 1,2-ethanediol and ethylene, and the hot combustion gases can be used, e.g. to raise steam or hot water.    ADVANTAGE - The waste gas is converted mainly to non-polluting compounds (water and carbon dioxide) and adjusting the temperature, such that content can be burnt without addition of supplementary fuel and without risk that the flame will 'strike back', so that safe, long-term operation is assured.
NOVELTY - A prepolymer composition, preferably for the production of insulating foam from pressurized containers, contains a silane group containing prepolymer and a propellant gas that is liquid under the pressure within the container and is at least partially soluble in the prepolymer whereby the propellant gas has a value of log Po/w of at least 1.70.    USE - Propellant gas mixtures having a value log Po/w of at least 1.70, preferably i-butane, n-butane, propane, R227ea, R365mffc, R245fa, R134a, R152a, or dimethylether are useful for the production of insulating foam from silane group containing prepolymers in pressurized containers (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Foam prepared from the composition (I) has improved stability and structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A prepolymer composition (I), preferably for the production of insulating foam from pressurized containers, contains a prepolymer component having a prepolymer with silane group for cross-linking of the prepolymer with a second component as well as conventional additives and a propellant gas component that is liquid under the pressure within the pressurized container and is at least partially soluble in the prepolymer component whereby the propellant gas component has a value of log Po/w of at least 1.70, with Po/w being the distribution coefficient of the propellant gas in octanol/water.
NOVELTY - A direct methanol fuel cell apparatus has fuel container containing methanol in water at first concentration; anode adjacent the container; proton exchange membrane adjacent the anode; cathode adjacent the proton exchange membrane; oxygen supply adjacent the cathode; and cartridge coupled with the container and contains fluid comprising methanol in water at higher second concentration.    USE - Used in small electronic appliances.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is smaller thus achieving reduction in cost as well as improvements in performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for use with the inventive fuel cell comprising bringing the first solution of methanol in water into contact with an anode, bringing oxygen into contact with cathode, and bringing a cartridge into coupling with the container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the inventive fuel cell using a recharging cartridge and a pushing pin.
NOVELTY - An adjuvant is produced by contacting organic substances and/or organic compounds having a small quantity of inorganic substances, with catalyzers having microorganism group in nature, clay catalyzer, enzymes and water, under atmospheric pressure and proceeding oxidation-reductions through aerobic environments from that of anaerobic. The adjuvant has many kinds of amino acid contained indispensable amino acids and specific metal cations.    USE - To accelerate enzyme activity (claimed) by reviving a deteriorated living environment and biomechanism to their normal condition and improve functions of living or biological tissue. Useful in improving biological growth and functional development of fetus, biological suffering and physiological operation; in improving physiological function of an organism preferably improvement of hypofunction for endocrine and immunity systems; and for prevention and improvement of healing ability of diseases (e.g. diabetes, hyperglycemia, cataract, agastric cancer, colonic polyp, malignant lymphoma, leukemia, hepatitis C virus (HCV), cardiac disorder, gliston, rheumatism, skin restoration, restoration of deep scar, bruise or distortion, and for restoration of an serious athlete).    ADVANTAGE - The adjuvant is simple and low cost, as it is produced from raw life refuse and raw business refuse which contains organic materials (e.g. biomass and bioresidures), and the apparatus includes only catalytic reactors. The adjuvant decomposes and digests the agricultural and livestock rising waste materials, the life and business raw refuses, filthy and muddy waters without production of residues and drainages through reactions. The adjuvant resembles closely to maternal amniotic liquid that contains indispensable components for biophysiological mechanism. The adjuvant provides natural purification cycle ability and ability for recovery of physiological fundamental function in a vital system.
NOVELTY - A reformer is operated by combusting the oxidant and the fuel in the reformer to produce a combustion gas; passing the combustion gas through the reformer catalyst; extinguishing the combustion; and introducing additional fuel and oxidant to the reformer at an air to fuel weight ratio appropriate for reforming to produce a reformats.    USE - Operating a fuel reformer used in converting a hydrocarbon-based fuel to hydrogen and carbon monoxide for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the production of reformate that reduces cold start emissions and/or regenerates an exhaust control device. It allows the reduction of time required by the reformer to reach an operational temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of reformer comprises:    (a) introducing oxidant and fuel to a reformer at space velocity at least 25000/hour;    (b) combusting the oxidant and the fuel in the reformer to produce a combustion gas, wherein the reformer comprises a reformer substrate comprising a reformer catalyst and where the reformer substrate has a thermal conductivity of at least 35 W/m degrees K;    (c) passing the combustion gas through the reformer catalyst;    (d) extinguishing the combustion; and    (e) introducing additional fuel and oxidant to the reformer at an air to fuel weight ratio appropriate for reforming to produce a reformate.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method for operating a vehicle utilizing this method;    (2) a method of reducing cold start exhaust gas emissions from an internal combustion engine comprising:    (a) operating the reformer;    (b) directing the reformate along with source of oxygen into an internal combustion engine and/or an exhaust control device; and    (c) combusting the reformate and source of oxygen for a time to increase the temperature of the internal combustion engine and/or exhaust control device.
NOVELTY - Waste water/water treatment involves introducing influent into a reactor to decompose portion of contaminants in the influent by microorganism in the reactor during a retention time. The effluent has less amount of contaminants as compared with the influent. The microorganism is grown on a modified porous carrier (C1) in the reactor containing a polymer foam (F1) and adsorbent particles (P1) entrapped in pores of (F1).    USE - For removing contaminants in the water.    ADVANTAGE - The modified porous carried is free of deficiencies of the porous conventional carrier. The method shortens the start-up preparation of the water/waste water treatment and reduces the volume of the water/waste water-treating reactor, thereby resulting in a relatively shorter hydraulic retention time; is capable of effective removal of a specific contaminant from the wastewater by modified porous carrier. The method has excellent affinity for contaminants and provides improved hydrophile enabling the porous carrier to stay submerged in the water/waste water. The method is efficient and cost-effective.
NOVELTY - A power generator comprises a combustion engine having combustion chamber(s), and at least one work transfer apparatus, and a work output apparatus. The combustion region receives a supply of noble gas, a supply of oxygen, and a supply of fuel.    USE - For generating power (claimed), used in vehicles, including cars, trucks, trains, or ships.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system provides a higher efficiency, lower emission, power generator, by the operation of an internal combustion engine in the absence of, or with a relatively restricted amount of, air or materials in the air which contribute to nitrogen oxide (NOx) formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above power generator.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system is provided, to prevent the decrease of fuel efficiency due to the unnecessary excess supply of fuel and to reduce a methanol crossover, thereby improving the efficiency and lifetime of a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell system comprises a liquid fuel supply device (5); a stack containing fuel cells having a polymer electrolyte membrane; a carbon dioxide gauge (6) which is placed at the outlet (7) of fuel, and collects the carbon dioxide generated after an anode reaction to detect it; and a controller which controls the amount of the fuel supplied according to the amount of the carbon dioxide detected at the carbon dioxide gauge. Preferably the liquid fuel is methanol, ethanol or isopropyl alcohol. The controller reacts to the amount of the carbon dioxide detected at the carbon dioxide gauge to control the supply of liquid fuel via the fuel supply device to be reduced when the amount of carbon dioxide is determined to be small.
NOVELTY - Combustible rubbish (D) emitted from homes and offices is ground after ad-mixing calcined lime (c1). Coal dust (c2) and petroleum are added to the obtained mixture and heat energy released is stabilized. Ore powder (c4) with good adsorption and decomposition ability is added to the resulting mixture and a processed fuel with reduced toxic substance emission during combustion is obtained.    USE - Used for manufacturing processed fuel used as alternative to fossil fuel, from combustible rubbish emitted from homes and offices.    ADVANTAGE - The processed fuel is effectively used as an inexpensive energy resource. The generation of toxic substances such as dioxin from the processed fuel is suppressed effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the process diagram for processed fuel manufacture. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    calcined lime (c1)    coal dust (c2)    ore powder (c4)    combustible trash (D)    processed fuel (D1)
NOVELTY - Portion(s) of hydrogen is separated from several fuel gases, to obtain hydrogen (7a) and off gas (7b). The obtained off gas is circulated to iron mill as fuel. The off gas is remainder of fuel gas after separating portion(s) of hydrogen gas.    USE - For utilizing product gas as a fuel for iron mill. The hydrogen separated from fuel gas is used for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process efficiently utilizes the off gas as product gas. The hydrogen gas separated from fuel gas is utilized as cheap hydrogen supply for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow of fuel iron-steel manufacture iron mill using product gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    blast furnace gas (1a)    coke oven gas (2a)    converter gas (3a)    town gas (4a)    nitrogen (5a)    hydrogen (7a)    off gas (7b)    gas holder (24)
NOVELTY - Composting of organic waste comprises performing a liquid culture of a phototroph under light irradiation, allowing the phototroph to absorb and utilize water-soluble gas in the liquid (in which water-soluble gas generated from a composting process are dissolved) and adding the phototroph to manure.    USE - For composting organic waste such as livestock excrements, garbage, etc. (claimed) and producing manure having high fertilizer value.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to remove water-soluble odor generated while composting organic waste, without the need for chemical agents, fuel and absorption agent. The product obtained after composting organic waste has high fertilizer value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of composting system.    insertion opening (1)    composting apparatus (2)    extraction opening (4)    pipes (5,9,17,19,20,23,29)    suction fan (6)    deodorizing tower (7)    cultivation tank (8)    pump (10,13,18,21)    concentrator (11)    water channel (15)    culture solution adjusting tank (16)    concentrated liquid storing tank (30)    supernatant liquor return pipe (31)
NOVELTY - Ripening apparatus for manure comprises that an aeration pipe (4) is inserted into an air vent formed in the side face of a mounting pack (2) fixed in a support (3) on a pallet (1), where the manure (5) is accommodated inside the pack, the external air is supplied into the manure through the aeration pipe, and a heat retention belt is wound around the side face of the pack.    USE - For ripening of manure prepared from organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient ripening of the manure inside the pack, by activating the microorganism using the external air and therefore manure of good quality is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for ripening method of manure, which involves supplying external air into the manure packed in the mounting pack during fermentation of the manure using microorganisms. The carbon dioxide and water vapor are ejected from the aeration pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and the sectional views of the ripening apparatus of manure.    pallet (1)    mounting pack (2)    support (3)    aeration pipe (4)    manure (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas generation plant (4) produces hydrogen-rich fuel gas from original gas, by receiving vapor generated from nuclear reactor (5) of power generation plant (3).    USE - Electric power and hydrogen gas generation plant for generating electric power and hydrogen gas using fuel cell power generation plant and hydrogen burning power generation plant used in electric power industry and vehicle industry.    ADVANTAGE - The plant efficiently produces hydrogen-rich fuel reformed gas from original fuel, by using the vapor generated in power generation plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline diagram of electric power generation plant.    heat exchangers (1-2)    power generation plant (3)    hydrogen gas generation plant (4)    nuclear reactor (5)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing manure comprises filling manure raw material (41) in a flexible air-permeable bag-shaped container (2), inserting a vent pipe (3) having numerous ventilation holes at the surrounding surface into the container for supplying air into the manure raw material, and fermenting the manure raw material for a predetermined period.    USE - For producing manure useful in agricultural purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce manure easily, reliably, stably and economically with improved yield, without generating unpleasant smell. The manure can be produced without using large fermenter. The method enables efficient air supply, without using a stirrer or by supplying forced air. The flexible bag-shaped container can be lifted and conveyed easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manure producing device (1), which is equipped with bag-shaped container for filling the manure raw material, and vent pipe having numerous ventilation holes for supplying air into the raw material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of flexible container.    manure producing device (1)    flexible container (2)    vent pipe (3)    insertion hole (25)    manure raw material (41)
NOVELTY - Self-propelled stirring pulverization apparatus comprises a hopper (A), a screw supply unit (B) and a pulverizer (C) integrally mounted on a self-propelled mounting stand (10).    USE - For pulverizing and fermenting plant waste material, and other organic waste such as livestock excrements, wasted wood, mowed grass, chaff, to produce manure.    ADVANTAGE - Performs effective stirring and pulverization of the waste material during fermentation process of manure manufacture, thereby speeding up the manure manufacturing process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Self-propelled stirring pulverization apparatus comprises a hopper (A), a screw supply unit (B) and a pulverizer (C) integrally mounted on a self-propelled mounting stand (10). The screw supply unit comprises multiple screws (4,5) formed around a shaft (3), for twisting and dropping the to-be-processed raw material (1) from the hopper to the pulverizer which pulverizes the material using multiple pulverization bars protruding from shaft (11).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the self-propelled stirring pulverization apparatus.    to-be-processed raw material (1)    shafts (3,11)    screws (4,5)    self-propelled mounting stand (10)    hopper (A)    screw supply unit (B)    pulverizer (C)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supplying apparatus is equipped with dehydrogenating apparatus (A) (2, 2', 2'') and gas-liquid separator (B) (5). (A) consists of number of reactors connected in series. Hydrogen-supplying raw material (11) is dehydrogenated in presence a catalyst (21, 21', 21'') in apparatus (A). The product from apparatus (A) is separated into hydrogen and dehydrogenated substance (51) in separator (B).    USE - For supplying hydrogen used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen supplying apparatus effectively generates hydrogen with high productivity, and supplies hydrogen stably. The hydrogen supplying apparatus reduces energy loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supplying apparatus is equipped with dehydrogenating apparatus (2, 2', 2'') and gas-liquid separator (5). The dehydrogenating apparatus consists of number of reactors connected in series. Hydrogen-supplying raw material (11) is dehydrogenated in presence of metal supported catalyst (21, 21', 21'') in the dehydrogenating apparatus. The product from the dehydrogenating apparatus is separated into hydrogen and dehydrogenated substance (51) in the gas-liquid separator, and hydrogen is supplied.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of hydrogen supplying apparatus.    Dehydrogenating apparatus (2, 2', 2'')    Gas-liquid separator (5)    Hydrogen-supplying raw material (11)    Metal supported catalyst (21, 21', 21'')    Dehydrogenated substance (51)
NOVELTY - A dehydrogenation catalyst (11) comprises a catalyst (11b) supported in a transition metal group porous material (11a).    USE - For dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon group fuel of electric vehicle and hydrogen fueled engine vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The dehydrogenation catalyst has high hydrogen production efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of dehydrogenation catalyst which involves supplying fiber catalyst ground material obtained by grinding noble metal supported activated carbon fiber, in a liquid, applying the obtained slurry to transition metal group porous material, and baking the porous material in an inert atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of dehydrogenation catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    dehydrogenation catalyst (11)    porous material (11a)    catalyst (11b)    base material (11c)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse processing apparatus has treatment tank (1), which decomposes organic refuse while stirring, rotary shaft inserted in tank, stirring blade (4) extended from shaft in radial direction, air vent pipe, pump (6) and air discharge hole. Pipe is formed at shaft and blade. Pump sends compressed air, and is connected to pipe. Hole is formed at blade, and stirs sending air from shaft and discharges air from blade.    USE - The apparatus is useful for decomposing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing apparatus efficiently decomposes organic refuse using microorganism. The clogging of discharge hole is prevented. The temperature, humidity and pH are favorably maintained in the treatment tank, and decomposition is promoted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline front view of organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (1)    Stirring blade (4)    Pump (6)    Exhaust tube (7)    Cutting blade (16)
NOVELTY - Purifying soil contaminated with heavy metal comprising growing a plant having heavy metal absorbing power, removing heavy metal by performing weight and/or volume reduction in the harvested plant, which stores the heavy metal at high concentration, and processing the soil using a heavy metal solubilizer, is new.    USE - The method is useful for purifying soil contaminated with heavy metals such as cadmium, zinc, lead, chromium, copper, mercury and/or arsenic (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The soil contaminated with cadmium is efficiently removed at low cost. Minute trace amounts of the heavy metal are also removed. The purification of soil is safe and is carried out in a short duration. Safe agricultural products, foodstuff and environment are reliably provided.
NOVELTY - The carrier of nitrogen oxide removing catalyst, which uses methane as reducer by moisture content co-presence, has argon adsorption energy of 23-30 kJ/mol.    USE - For methane selection-type nitrogen oxide removal catalyst used for purification of exhaust gas (both claimed) ejected from boiler, gas turbine, engine and combustion furnace.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier enables the catalyst to efficiently decompose and remove nitrogen oxide contained in exhaust gas, for long period of time by a high denitration rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of carrier for methane selection-type nitrogen oxide removal catalyst;    (2) methane selection-type nitrogen oxide removal catalyst; and    (3) exhaust-gas-purification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows result of denitration test of catalyst using sulfate-radical supported zirconia as a carrier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A gland packing (32) provided on the periphery of a rotary shaft (21), at downward direction of a base plate (10a) of a fermenter, is held by a holder (33). The holder is formed by connecting a pair of semi-circular segments (33a,33b) using the bolt (33c). A stirring bar attached to the shaft, stirs the waste material in the fermenter.    USE - For fermentation of waste material such as organic waste, human waste, livestock dung, neat processing waste, agricultural waste, to produce manure.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage of the waste material from the fermenter is prevented for long period by exchanging the gland packing held by holder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pair of grease pools (35,37) are formed in the packing, to prevent leakage of waste material. A grease injection hole (33d) formed in the holder, is connected to the grease pool (37).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the waster material fermentation apparatus.    base plate (10a)    rotary shaft (21)    gland packing (32)    holder (33)    semi-circular segments (33a,33b)    bolt (33c)    grease injection hole (33d)    grease pools (35,37)
NOVELTY - A wall (10) is provided between a fuel depot (4) and a gas chamber (8). The volumetric shrinkage of fuel depot is produced and the quantity of fuel supplied to electrode through a fuel supply path (5), is varied based on the gas pressure in gas chamber.    USE - For generating electric power supplied to mobile phone, notebook personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The crossover of fuel is suppressed by varying fuel supply to electrode, thereby reducing fuel consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrolyte (1)    fuel depot (4)    fuel supply path (5)    gas chamber (8)    wall (10)
NOVELTY - A sol of palladium-silver alloy is carried on the surface of a porous substrate. The substrate carrying the alloy is sintered at 300-600 degrees C to form a hydrogen separation membrane on the substrate, and a hydrogen separation material is formed.    USE - As hydrogen separation material in building materials, motor vehicle components, fuel modifier of fuel cells and electronic devices such as mobile telephones and personal computers for separating only hydrogen from mixed gas containing several components.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms hydrogen separation material having excellent thermal shock resistance. The hydrogen separation material enables separation of hydrogen of high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) hydrogen separation material;    (2) manufacture of membrane reactor; and    (3) membrane reactor.
NOVELTY - A catalyst formed by supporting ruthenium, palladium and/or platinum to a metal-oxide support, is made to contact with a waste gas. Nitrogen oxide contained in the waste gas is decomposed in copresence of sulfur dioxide, by making hydrocarbon into reducer in surplus oxygen atmosphere, and exhaust gas is purified.    USE - For purifying exhaust gas containing nitrogen oxide (NOx) emitted from combustion apparatus such as internal combustion engine, turbine and boiler.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust-gas purification method stably decomposes nitrogen oxide for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for exhaust-gas-purification apparatus (11).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exhaust-gas-purification apparatus.    catalyst layer (2)    sulfur-oxide adsorption agent layers (3A,3B)    coolers (4A,4B)    exhaust-gas-purification apparatus (11)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas sensor allows the gas to be introduced into test chamber through a diffusion limitation section by the electrical potential difference that is created between a first and second electrode. The gas sensor measures the concentration of the hydrogen gas based on the current produced which flows from the first to second electrode. The first electrode contains a catalyst containing platinum as main component in an amount of at least 0.4 mg/cm2.    USE - Used as a gas sensor, e.g. a hydrogen gas sensor for measuring hydrogen gas concentration in fuel gas of a fuel cell such as a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The gas sensor improves poisoning resistance characteristics of the gas sensor reliably and increases the accuracy of measurement result by reducing influence due to temperature and humidity. The gas sensor measures hydrogen gas concentration accurately over long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Proton conduction layer (1)    Electrodes (3,5)    Test chamber (11)    Diffusion rate limiting unit (19)
NOVELTY - A power generation unit (30) generates electric power using the fuel from the storage unit (20). A water container (40) stores water produced by the electrochemical reaction in the power generation unit. The stored water is ejected outside through a waste water port (41).    USE - For light sources of endoscope.    ADVANTAGE - The light source is lighted for long period of time without interrupting the endoscope observation. Even if the stored water is evaporated by the heat generated due to the electrochemical reaction, fresh air intake is combined with the water vapor and ejected outside, thus the safety of the endoscope is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side face sectional view of battery.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel storage unit (20)    electric power generation unit (30)    fresh air intake (34)    water container (40)    waste water port (41)
NOVELTY - A fuel storage container (20) stores fuel for producing hydrogen gas for battery (10). An electric power generator (30) generates electric power using the fuel from the container. Another container (40) stores water produced by electrochemical reaction in the electric power generator. An absorption element (45) for absorbing stored water, is detachably provided with respect to the battery.    USE - Electric power unit for light sources of endoscope.    ADVANTAGE - The lighting of light source can be carried out for a long time, without interrupting the endoscope observation, by using the battery. Since the water stored in the container is absorbed using water absorbing element, the safety of the endoscope is ensured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the battery.    battery (10)    fuel and water storage containers (20,40)    electric power generator (30)    absorption element (45)
NOVELTY - An aerobic decomposition chamber (25) and an aerobic treatment chamber (26) are arranged in a treatment tank (13), for solubilizing organic-refuse crushed material and for treatment of solubilized refuse, respectively. Each filter (41,61) is arranged in an outflow port of the chambers (25,26). The air is supplied into the chambers from the diffusion tubes (51,62), such that the air bubbles contact the filters.    USE - The system is useful for processing organic refuse ejected from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of the filters, prevents draining of the solid substances from the outflow port of the aerobic treatment tank and thereby improves aerobic treatment of the organic refuse. The clogging of the filter is prevented, due to contact of the air bubbles with the filters.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the organic-refuse processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (13)    Aerobic decomposition chamber (25)    Aerobic treatment chamber (26)    Filters (41,61)    Diffusion tubes (51,62)
NOVELTY - A catalyst, for the selective hydrodesulfurization of hydrocarbon cuts containing sulfur and olefins, comprises a refractory oxide support with at least one group VI or VIII metal and a carbon content less than or equal to 2.8%.    USE - Hydrotreatment of petroleum cut, to reduce sulfur content and give a controlled saturation of olefins in the cut.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables a reduction of sulfur content without loss of yield, and a minimal reduction of octane index, to produce a reformulated petrol conforming to new environmental standards. The use of a support of low surface area enables an increase of the selectivity factor (KHDS/HDO), i.e. limitation of olefin saturation relative to elimination of S compounds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for;    (1) a method of preparation of the catalyst; and    (2) use of the catalyst in selective hydrodesulfurization.
NOVELTY - The procedure is for the bio-methanization of solid urban waste together with an installation for placing the procedure into action. The organic fraction of the waste receives a wet pre-treatment, followed by the operation of anaerobic digestion, continuing with the dehydration of the digested waste and the storage of the bio gas.    USE - For bio-methanization of solid urban waste.    ADVANTAGE - The thorough, progressive procedure finally produces bio gas for storage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Prior to its digestion, the organic fraction is sieved and sedimented to separate the impurities and the digested suspension is then dehydrated in a centrifuge, with separation into solid and liquid fractions. The installation comprises basically a feeder for the equipment for wet treatment, a mechanical system for separating impurities and devices for passing the suspension from a digestion tank to the digestor, a gasometer, a heat exchanger which pre-heats the suspension on its entry into the digestor and a dehydration system comprising a centrifuge which separates the suspension into solid and liquid fractions.
NOVELTY - Synthesis gas is treated to increase content of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide in the gas, by contacting the synthesis gas with a catalyst comprising oxides of manganese (Mn) and zirconium (Zr). The metals are present in the catalyst in a molar ratio of Mn/Zr of 0.05-5. The oxides constitute of at least 50 wt.% of the catalyst in its reduced form.    USE - For treatment of synthesis gas to increase content of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide in the gas.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst can catalyze the water gas shift reaction at high temperatures without formation of hydrocarbons. It has very high stability and extremely high selectivity for the water gas shift reaction, i.e. no hydrocarbon formation. It also has superior adhesion properties towards other ceramic materials as well as towards metals.
NOVELTY - A combination of a gas-lubricated floating ring seal (18) and a standard rolling bearing (19,21) produce a seal and a set of bearings for a shaft (6). A compensating flow that might arise is led through a channel (33) away from a bearing area into a capsule element's (3) inner space (4).    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell drive mechanisms.    ADVANTAGE - This unit has a high life span.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side-view cross section of a motor pump unit according to the present invention.    Capsule element (3)    Inner space of capsule element (4)    Shaft (6)    Gas-lubricated floating ring seal (18)    Standard rolling bearing (19,21)    Channel (33)
NOVELTY - A detergent for removing the dirt generated by non-dry adhesive and chewing gum contains n-butanol, emtrol polyoxyvinylether sodium sulfate, lipoacyl diethanolamine, lemon essence and butane.
NOVELTY - Production of microspheres for wastewater treatment comprises mixing a pregel prepared from sodium alginate and water with a pregel prepared from carboxymethyl cellulose and water, adding bacteria to the mixture, pouring the mixture dropwise into an enzyme-containing ionotropic gelling bath to form gel microspheres with immobilized enzymes, and recovering and drying the microspheres.    USE - For treatment of waste water, e.g. in septic tanks, defatting tanks or any other reservoirs or conduits from which organic matter is to be removed.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and flexible and can be adapted to meet the needs of a wide range of wastewater treatment operations.
NOVELTY - Production of hydrocarbon fuel in situ in dry black clay, black shale or dark-gray marl formations containing no organic material comprises drilling a well and injecting water into zones that contain iron(II) and have a low oxygen level, the amount injected being calculated to convert iron(II) to iron(III) in a reaction that forms hydrocarbon fuel.    USE - For producing hydrocarbon fuel, especially methane (from the reaction of ferrous oxide with calcium carbonate and water).    ADVANTAGE - The process can be operated in regions that are not rich in natural hydrocarbons.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrocarbon fuel in situ in dry black clay, black shale or dark-gray marl formations containing no organic material comprises drilling a well and injecting water into zones that contain iron(II) and have a low oxygen level, the amount injected being calculated to convert iron(II) to iron(III) in a reaction that forms hydrocarbon fuel. The fuel collects in reservoirs that are sealed under rock salt layers that are not damaged by tectonic forces, under undamaged sandstone-cemented chalk deposits, or under an artificial barrier created on the surface in tectonically damaged areas.
NOVELTY - The gas diffusion layer (3) facing convex portion (21) of separator (9), is compressed more than that of the reacting region (G) facing the gas flow channel placement region (S) in which gas flow channels (13) are located, so that porosity of gas distribution layers at area outside gas flow channels is lower than porosity of gas distribution layers at area facing gas flow channels.    USE - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the amount of gas flowing through the gas diffusion at the area outside the gas flow channels is restricted, the efficiency and performance of the fuel cell is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrolyte film (1)    gas diffusion layers (3)    electrode film structure (5)    separators (9)    gas flow channels (13)
NOVELTY - The seal-diffusion assemblies (28,29) provided respectively above and below an electrolyte membrane (24), comprise corresponding gaskets (34,36) which are folded along the periphery of the gas diffusion layers (GDLs) (30,32) of the assemblies (28,29). The gaskets include two bridges (44,46) that extend across the seal-diffusion assemblies.    USE - Seal for use in individual cell (claimed) of fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - Gaskets are not forced into channels, thus flow of fluids in channels are not blocked. Since bridge is integrally provided in gaskets, addition of components is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) individual cell; and    (2) gasket assembling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the individual cell of fuel cell assembly.    electrolyte membrane (24)    seal-diffusion assemblies (28,29)    GDLs (30,32)    gaskets (34,36)    bridges (44,46)
NOVELTY - A feed stream of light hydrocarbons and oxygen is contacted with a catalyst under reaction conditions. The catalyst comprises a halide, an active metal and a promoter, on a refractory support.    USE - Used for the production of synthesis gas used as a feed for middle distillate synthesis and alcohol synthesis such as methanol (all claimed). The synthesis gas product serves as a source of hydrogen for fuel cells used for electrical power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The addition of halide maintains catalytic activity by reacting with active metal and enables redistribution of active metal on catalyst resulting in reduced deactivation due to sintering and agglomeration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) preparing a synthesis gas catalyst by contacting support with active metal, halide content compound and promoter precursor, drying and calcining the support such that halide remains on the support;    (2) extending the life of a synthesis gas catalyst by contacting support with a halide;    (3) a catalyst comprising a support, an active metal and rare earth oxy halide;    (4) converting light hydrocarbons into middle distillates, in which the light hydrocarbons are converted into synthesis gas by net partial oxidation reaction in the presence of a catalyst and converting the synthesis gas to middle distillates by Fisher-Tropsch reaction;    (5) converting light hydrocarbons to alcohols; and    (6) preparing a synthesis gas catalyst by depositing rare earth metal precursor, halide and active metal precursor, sequentially on a support, optionally drying and calcining in between the deposition processes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph showing the operating data for synthesis gas catalyst of the example.
NOVELTY - A fuel processing system comprises a reactor for reforming a hydrocarbon fuel stream into a reformate stream containing hydrogen and other constituents; a membrane separator for removing hydrogen from the reformate stream and having a membrane that is permeable to hydrogen and less permeable to the other constituents; and a carbon monoxide-reduction and cleanup system for further reforming of the reformate stream.    USE - For reforming fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The CO-reduction and cleanup system works with the membrane separator to increase the production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method for reforming fuel comprising introducing a hydrocarbon fuel into the reactor of the above fuel processing system (12), passing the reformate stream along the membrane separator, and directing the remaining stream to the carbon monoxide (CO)-reduction and cleanup system (20); and    (b) a fuel cell system (10) comprising a reactor for reforming a hydrocarbon fuel stream into a hydrogen containing reformate stream, a membrane separator for removing hydrogen from the hydrogen containing reformate stream, a water-gas shift for further reforming the reformate stream, and a fuel cell stack connected with the membrane separator for receiving hydrogen removed by the membrane separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the fuel processing system using the membrane separator.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel processing system (12)    Auto-thermal reformer (16)    CO-reduction and cleanup system (20)    Inlet (44)
NOVELTY - Provided is functional compost using duck excrements, which can improve antibacterial activity and quality of the crops treated with the compost, and help to recycle duck excrements and residues of medicinal herbs. Further, the compost is environmentally friendly and helps to improve soil productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The compost is produced by mixing duck excrements, garlic and residues of medicinal herbs in a ratio of 65:25:10, adding a 20 times-diluted solution of a photosynthetic bacteria solution at a ratio of 65 L per ton of the mixture, and fermenting the resulted mixture at 25-35 deg.C for 60 days.
NOVELTY - Fuel gas supply system (21) supplies fuel gas to the combustor (17) directly. A fuel preheater (12) preheats the fuel gas supplied to a solid oxide type fuel cell (11) by using steam generated by an exhaust heat collection boiler (19) that collects exhaust heat by heat exchange with the waste gas of the gas turbine (18).    USE - Fuel cell combined cycle power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Improves operation efficiency of the electric power generation system even if starting of solid oxide type fuel cell is delayed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a starting method of fuel cell combined cycle power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell combined cycle power plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid oxide type fuel cell (11)    fuel preheater (12)    air compressor (14)    booster (15)    inverter (16)    combustor (17)    gas turbine (18)    exhaust heat collection boiler (19)    steam turbine (20)    fuel gas supply system (21)
NOVELTY - A graphite oxide-layered material obtained by oxidizing graphite is mixed with a long-chain organic amine. An ion-exchange reaction is performed by interposing an organic solvent, and a graphite oxide-layered material is manufactured. Subsequently, a metal or semi-metal oxide precursor is introduced into the layered material and a stable pillar-like porous graphite composite material is obtained.    USE - Used for the manufacture of a porous graphite composite material for adsorbing and storing low molecular substance, such as polymers.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture provides a porous graphite composite material with enlarged inter-layer distance between the graphite oxide-layered materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic solvent is a hydrocarbon. The organic amine is 8C or more aliphatic primary amine. The metal or semi-metal oxide precursor chosen from silicic acid, alumina, titanic acid and zirconic acid, and lower alkanol.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a porous graphite composite material.
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide decreasing apparatus (17) has hydrogen separation portion (3), hydrogen gas route (4), catalyst support (1) and heat exchange portion (2). Hydrogen separation portion selectively separates hydrogen in mixed gas, and the hydrogen gas route circulates the separated hydrogen. Catalyst support contains a catalyst which promotes heat generation of carbon monoxide, and heat exchange portion cools the catalyst support.    USE - For fuel reforming system.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide decreasing apparatus maintains the catalyst support at a suitable temperature without consuming more energy, and decreases the amount of carbon monoxide efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbon monoxide decreasing apparatus decreases carbon monoxide in a mixed gas containing hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide, and has hydrogen separation portion, hydrogen gas route, catalyst support and heat exchange portion. The hydrogen separation portion selectively separates hydrogen in mixed gas, and the hydrogen gas route circulates the separated hydrogen. The catalyst support contains a catalyst which promotes heat generation of carbon monoxide in mixed gas, and heat exchange portion cools the catalyst support. The hydrogen gas route is between catalyst support and heat exchange portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst support (1)    heat exchange portion (2)    hydrogen separation portion (3)    hydrogen gas route (4)    carbon monoxide decreasing apparatus (17)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen generator has a chamber for storing liquid material, and has a discharge port, and another chamber having an extraction opening and an inlet. The discharge port emits liquid material, that is introduced into chamber through the inlet, and is mixed with another liquid material. Hydrogen produced by mixing the liquid materials is removed from the extraction opening. The liquids materials are sealed in chambers.    USE - For fuel cell (claimed), used in electronic devices, and motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The novel hydrogen generator produces hydrogen easily, safely and efficiently, without expansion. The production speed of hydrogen is controlled easily, and the generator is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen generator has a chamber (2) for storing liquid material (1), and has a discharge port (10), and another chamber (4) having an extraction opening (12) and an inlet (11). The discharge port emits liquid material, that is introduced into chamber (4) through the inlet, and is mixed with another liquid material (6). Hydrogen produced by mixing the liquid materials is removed from the extraction opening. The liquids materials are sealed in chambers.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell the above having hydrogen generator as hydrogen supply unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Liquid materials (1,6)    Chambers (2,4)    Transport unit (3)    Flow path (9)    Discharge port (10)    Inlet (11)    Extraction opening (12)
NOVELTY - A purification agent (5) is heated above its melting point and liquefied. The liquefied purification agent poured into the contaminated soil and/or underground water, permeated into the soil and/or water and solidified after reducing the temperature.    USE - For purification of contaminated soil and/or underground water contaminated with volatile organochlorine compounds such as dichloroethylene or vinyl chloride, and nitrate-form nitrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively removes volatile organic compounds and nitrate-form nitrogen from contaminated soil and/or water. The method is inexpensive and quick, and controls phase transition of purification agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows conceptual diagram of in-situ purification method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Water bearing stratum (1)    Measurement well (2)    Pouring pipe (3)    Purification agent (5)    Contaminant (7)
NOVELTY - An enzyme bath comprises an enzyme-fermented material of nutrition and enzyme extract added to sawdust obtained from Japanese cypress material. The fermented material is stored in a bathtub.    USE - For boiling egg.    ADVANTAGE - The waste sawdust is effectively utilized as organic fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) enzyme bath materials which are obtained by adding the enzyme extract obtained from the extract of nutrient, fruit, medicinal herb or wild grass to the sawdust obtained from Japanese cypress material, uniformly stirring and fermenting; and    (2) an enzyme egg which is obtained by boiling the egg with embedding-mounting and providing fermentation heat for 30 minutes to 24 hours.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacture of enzyme bath and enzyme egg. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The fragment of a mushroom cultivation waste bed is mixed with the fragmented wood biomass. Then, a methanogen containing material is added to the mixture, fermented under anaerobic condition and a mixed gas, which contains at least methane is generated.    USE - For producing gas such as methane and hydrogen useful as energy resources.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to generate methane gas at low cost. Methane is efficiently obtained by fermentation of biomass. The waste sludge is effectively utilized as a methanogen containing material. Methane and hydrogen with high purity can be manufactured simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas-making method using the biomass. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Forest biomass (1)    Chipper (2)    Chip (3)    Washing (4)    Wood biomass (5)    Mushroom cultivation waste bed (6)
NOVELTY - Novel microorganisms belonging to Arthrobacter having capability to decompose phtahlic acid cycloalkyl ester, are new.    USE - For decomposing and removing phtahlic acid cycloalkyl ester such as dicyclo hexyl-phthalate ester from wastewater or contaminated soil (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The novel microorganisms efficiently decomposes and removes phtahlic acid cycloalkyl ester from contaminated soil or wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (i) a method for decomposing phtahlic acid cycloalkyl ester which involves contacting the phtahlic acid cycloalkyl ester with microorganisms belonging to Arthrobacter; and    (ii) an activated sludge which contains the above microorganisms.
NOVELTY - A burner apparatus (3) has a main burner (8) to burn the battery waste gas (OG) and fuel (N1) by oxygen containing gas (A1) and a seed-fire burner (9) arranged near the main burner to burn the fuel (N2) by oxygen containing gas (A2). The flame of seed-fire burner is produced with respect to the flame produced in the main burner.    USE - For fuel cell modifier.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable modification processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the burner apparatus schematically. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    burner apparatus (3)    main burner (8)    seed-fire burner (9)    fuel supply blower (12)    blower for combustion (14)    fuel (N1,N2)    oxygen containing gas (A1,A2)    battery waste gas (OG)
NOVELTY - Insulating guide (11) is inserted in an inflow outlet-hole (8), so each end face of a gas separator (5) or cooling-water separator (7) in inflow outlet-hole, is covered. Fuel gas, oxidizing-agent gas or coolant is supplied to an anode, a cathode or cooling-water separator, from the inflow outlet-hole.    USE - In domestic fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The electric-power-generation capability and lifetime reduction of laminated fuel cell are suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially notched perspective view of laminated fuel cell.    sealant (4)    gas separator (5)    cooling-water separator (7)    inflow outlet-hole (8)    insulating guide (11)
NOVELTY - Heat exchanger (3) heats the fuel supplied to a desulfurizer (4). A circulation pump (2) provided at upstream side of the heat exchanger, to circulate the fuel ejected from the desulfurizer.    USE - For decreasing sulfur concentration in liquid fuel e.g. kerosene.    ADVANTAGE - Desulfurizes stably and efficiently by efficient processing ability of the desulfurizing agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) operating method of the de-sulfurizing apparatus;    (b) fuel cell system; and    (c) operation of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tank (1)    pump (2)    heat exchanger (3)    desulfurizer (4)    valve (5)
NOVELTY - Automatic extinction type foamable styrene resin particles contain styrene resin particles, a volatile foaming agent and a composite flame retardant. The flame retardant contains 90-40 wt.% of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate and 10-60 wt.% of flame retardant adjuvant (I). The amount of composite flame retardant is 1-7 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of styrene particles.    USE - For manufacture of pre-foaming particles for forming foam molding (both claimed) used in heat insulating materials, wall materials, flooring, sealing materials and packaging raw material.    ADVANTAGE - The foamable styrene resin particle has excellent flame retardance by using small amount of composite flame retardant, recycling property and foam moldability. The resin particles are eco-friendly and have controlled weight average molecular weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Automatic extinction type foamable styrene resin particles contain styrene resin particles, a volatile foaming agent and a composite flame retardant. The composite flame retardant contains 90-40 wt.% of tris(2,3-dibromopropyl)isocyanurate as flame retardant and 10-60 wt.% of flame retardant adjuvant of formula (I). The amount of composite flame retardant is 1-7 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of styrene resin particles.    R1-R4 = methyl or ethyl group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) pre-foamed particles formed by pre-foaming the foamable styrene resin particles; and    (2) styrene resin foam molding obtained by foam-molding above pre-foamed resin particles.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen purification system has modified reaction device (1) and hydrogen separation membrane (2), and control unit (12). The membrane (2) separates hydrogen component from reformed gas produced in device (1), and is supplied to membrane (2). The embrittlement which takes place in membrane (2) is controlled by the control unit which sets the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide concentration in reformed gas to preset value.    USE - For refining hydrogen useful as fuel in fuel cell system e.g. fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen purification system prevents embrittlement of hydrogen separation membrane without complicating the system and using special apparatus such as battery and electric power generation system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen purification system has modified reaction device (1) which reforms fuel and hydrogen separation membrane (2) connected in series, and control unit (12). The membrane (2) separates hydrogen component from reformed gas produced in device (1), and is supplied to membrane (2). The embrittlement which takes place in membrane (2) is controlled by the control unit which sets the ratio of hydrogen to carbon monoxide concentration in reformed gas to preset value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen purification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modified reaction device (1)    hydrogen separation membrane (2)    combustor (6)    material input line (8)    control unit (12)
NOVELTY - A modifier (10) has a modification portion (14) to generate high concentration hydrogen gas for a fuel cell (12), using hydrocarbon group gas and water vapor, a combustion portion (16) to heat the modification portion using hydrocarbon group gas and/or hydrogen gas, and flame detection units (I and II). Detection units (I and II) detect flames of hydrocarbon group gas, and mixed gas or hydrocarbon group gas arising in the combustion portion.    USE - Used in a fuel cell-type electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The modifier prevents explosion firing, during starting of the electric power-generation system. Detection of generation of flame in the combustion portion without overlooking the misfire during burning with high concentration hydrogen gas is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the fuel cell-type electric power-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell-type electric power-generation system (1)    Modifier (10)    Fuel cell (12)    Modification portion (14)    Combustion portion (16)    Burner (16a)    Flame rod (34)    Thermocouple (36)
NOVELTY - The catalyst comprises a support having ceria as main component, precious metal supported by the support, and a fixed ingredient for fixing the valence of cerium atom in the support to trivalent.    USE - For production of hydrogen (claimed) by carbon monoxide shift reaction from waste gas of internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst produces hydrogen efficiently from waste gas of dilute combustion system fluctuated alternately. The catalyst performs reduction removal of nitrogen oxide efficiently, and has high carbon monoxide shift reaction activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen production method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows hydrogen formation rate in the fluctuation atmosphere of catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An air-supply side manifold (22) is provided for supplying the gas to multiple fuel cells (1) accommodated in a storage container. The gas supply path (21) of fractal structure, is formed at the air supply side manifold.    USE - Flat-type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the gas used for electric power generation is uniformly distributed and supplied to each fuel cell, the efficiency of the electric power generation is improved, by using cheap and simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (1)    gas port (7)    gas passageway (19)    gas supply path (21)    air supply side manifold (22)
NOVELTY - Partial oxidation reaction and water vapor modification of natural gas are performed at temperature lower than pyrolysis temperature of natural gas in autothermal reforming process performed simultaneously. Methane-rich gas or hydrogen-rich gas is produced during the process. Natural gas modification is thus performed.    USE - Producing methane-rich gas or hydrogen-rich gas for fuel cell, motor vehicle and power station (claimed). Also used as electric power generation material for fixed type small electric power unit.    ADVANTAGE - Methane-rich gas or hydrogen-rich gas is produced using a compact and inexpensive installation and the modification reaction is carried out at high velocity. Reformed gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen for ammonia synthesis is produced by using gas containing both oxygen and nitrogen as oxygen-containing gas. The fuel cell modifier functions stably for a long period of time, and catalytically active reduction by precipitation of carbon is suppressed. The gas containing hydrogen and nitrogen is produced efficiently and stably over a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell, power station or motor vehicle equipped with the natural gas modifier.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen donor consists of compound(s) chosen from a heterocyclic compound, an amine-type compound, an alcohol-type compound, a ketone-type compound and an alicyclic compound.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogen, which is used as fuel for fuel cells and hydrogen burner at homes and hydrogen stations.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen donor enables efficient manufacture of high purity hydrogen with high productivity and within short period of time. The generated hydrogen is safely and efficiently stored and conveyed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage and transportation of hydrogen, which involves irradiating the hydrogen donor, which consists of the organic hydrogen donor(s), in presence of an alkali compound and an inorganic catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    microwave generator (1)    three-neck flask (2)    thermometer (3)    cooling pipe (4)    gas-chromatography analyzer (5)
NOVELTY - A defoaming unit (2) is arranged vertically above treatment tank and defoaming space (20a) is formed inside defoaming unit at predetermined height from upper-end opening of air-blow pipe (40) which is provided on excrement liquid level. A tube (27) is provided on upper-face of cover board (41) for connecting defoaming space with upper space of the treatment tank and exhaust tube (26) is provided in defoaming unit.    USE - For exhausting waste gas ejected as air bubble from excrement of livestock out of treatment tank of excrement fermentation processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The generated air bubble is defoamed and waste gas is exhausted effectively, without causing bad influence to the environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the excrement fermentation processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    defoaming unit (2)    defoaming space (20a)    shearing blade (23)    exhaust tube (26)    air-blow pipe (40)    cover board (41)
NOVELTY - A ventilation fan supplies combustion air to a combustor which heats a modifier to produce high concentration hydrogen gas using hydrocarbon group gas and water. A control unit sets rotation speed of the fan after electric power generation by a fuel cell, more than the rotation speed during electric power generation by the fuel cell.    USE - For generating electric power using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of combustion air to combustor, dilutes the high concentration hydrogen gas and off gas, hence explosion is prevented and safety is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell generates electric power by reaction of oxygen with the high concentration hydrogen gas. The control unit stops operation of the has supply unit which supplies hydrocarbon group gas to the modifier, and water feed amount, after stopping electric power generation by the fuel cell.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) shutdown method of fuel cell type electric power generation system; and    (b) a gas supply apparatus which supplies a hydrocarbon group to a modifier, a water supply apparatus which supplies water to a modifier, and a combustor which heats a modifier and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the structure of the fuel cell type electric power generation system.    Water supply apparatus (4)    Modifier (2)    Source gas supply apparatus (6)    Combustor (8)    Ventilation fan (10)    Combustion gas supply apparatus (14)    Fuel cell (16)    Bypass route (20)    Rotation control apparatus (12)    Water and material supply control apparatus (26)    Controlling valve (22)
NOVELTY - A fiber reinforcement resin layer (2) is arranged at periphery of an aluminum liner (1) in a container (11) and a ring (4) made of resin or metal is provided at periphery of a mouth (3).    USE - For storing high-pressure gas like, hydrogen in container for fuel cell-mounted vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces stress produced in the reinforced fiber. Enables to manufacture high pressure bearing capacity container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the high-pressure gas storage container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    liner (1)    fiber reinforcement resin layer (2)    mouth (3)    ring (4)    high pressure gas storage container (11)
NOVELTY - A compressor compresses hydrogen manufactured by hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, to predetermined time. A hydrogen supply apparatus supplies compressed hydrogen to hydrogen consumption system. A combustion turbine generator generates electric power for supply apparatus.    USE - For supplying high pressure hydrogen to fuel cell electric vehicle and hydrogen fueled car.    ADVANTAGE - Improves thermal efficiency of the system, by utilizing high temperature waste gas of the generator as heat source for dehydrogenation. Enables reducing the size of the system irrespective of load fluctuation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An integrated heat exchanger (17) provides heat for dehydrogenation, by converting high temperature waste gas of the generator in to heat source.    The compressor compresses the manufactured hydrogen, to 10-30 atmospheric pressure. A turbine waste gas recuperator which collects the remaining heat of waste gas, is provided at the waste gas downstream side of heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram illustrating the operation of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    Raw material storage tank (1)    Cooler (11)    Gas liquid separator (12)    Heat exchanger (17)    Tank (22)
NOVELTY - A hydride powder (1) is an aggregate of composite particle (2) comprising a matrix (3) and ultrafine particles (4). The matrix consists of alkali-metal aluminum hydride, alkali metal boron hydride and/or alkali metal boron aluminum hydride. The ultrafine particle consists of hydrogen occlusion metal, metal hydride and/or metal hydroxide. The ultrafine particle has particle size (d) of 10-800 nm.    USE - For hydrogen storage-release system suitable for vehicle-mounted fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydride powder stores high quantity of hydrogen, and has excellent durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydride powder is an aggregate of composite particle (2) which consists of a matrix and a number of ultrafine particles (4) dispersed in the matrix. The matrix consists of alkali-metal aluminum hydride, alkali metal boron hydride and/or alkali metal boron aluminum hydride. The ultrafine particle consists of hydrogen occlusion metal, metal hydride and/or metal hydroxide. The ultrafine particle has a particle size (d) of 10-800 nm. In the hydrogen desorption process, solid product and hydrogen are generated by decomposition of hydride. In the hydrogen storage process, the hydride powder is obtained by synthetic reaction of a solid product and hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the hydride particle.    Hydride powder (11)    Composite particle (2)    Matrix (3)    Ultrafine particle (4)
NOVELTY - Oxygen or oxygen-containing gas is added to a reformed gas. The reformed gas is induced to a catalyst layer (46) in which carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas, is oxidized. After oxidation, the reformed gas is cooled and the concentration of the carbon monoxide is reduced, according to the flow direction of the reformed gas in the catalyst layer.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide during manufacture of hydrogen used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively performs the rejection of carbon monoxide using device having simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) carbon monoxide removal device (25); and    (2) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of carbon monoxide removal device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Carbon monoxide removal device (25)    Case (29)    Occlusion boards (31,32)    Outer cylinder (33)    Catalyst layer (46)
NOVELTY - A controller (50) is switched to a state in which hydrocarbon substance is supplied to a modifier (20) from a state in which hydrocarbon substance is not supplied, when temperature of a catalyst in modifier reaches preset temperature. An adjustment unit adjusts amount of propanes and air quantity that are supplied to a burner (22) that heats catalyst based on stored amount of propanes and air quantity, after state transfer.    USE - Fuel cell electric-power-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Stable combustion is performed continuously in the burner without causing any deterioration of the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst temperature sensor (26) detects the temperature of the catalyst used for hydrogen gas generation reaction in the modifier. A warning unit outputs the warning signal to stop system operation when the supply amount of propanes and air quantity exceeds predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell electric-power-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (20)    Burner (22)    Catalyst temperature sensor (26)    Fuel cell (40)    Controller (50)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has an assistance combustor, which is a cylindrical shaped container (2) having a combustion catalyst layer (6), discharge hole (10) and a thermal shield (8). The discharge hole is provided at downward direction space of layer (6), and discharges anode waste gas and air. The anode waste gas and air flows between layer (6) and discharge hole, by through holes provided at thermal shield.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus is prevented from backfire, heat damage and load fluctuation at initial stage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has a modifier, a carbon monoxide treatment device and an assistance combustor. Hydrocarbon group fuel and water vapor are reacted using a modification catalyst, and hydrogen is reformed in the modifier. Carbon monoxide contained in hydrogen-rich reformed gas is reduced, and supplied to anode of fuel cell. The assistance combustor burns the anode waste gas of fuel cell. The assistance combustor is a cylindrical shape container having a combustion catalyst layer, discharge hole and a thermal shield. The hydrocarbon group fuel and water are heated using a heat exchanger arranged at headroom of combustion catalyst layer. The discharge hole is provided at downward direction space of combustion catalyst layer, and discharges anode waste gas and air. The anode waste gas and air flows between the combustion catalyst layer and the discharge hole, by through holes provided at thermal shield.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for initial stage processing in hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of assistance combustor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Assistance combustor (1)    Cylindrical shape container (2)    Combustion catalyst layer (6)    Thermal shield (8)    Discharge hole (10)
NOVELTY - The high-pressure hydrogen tanks (6a,6b) of fuel cell (2) are arranged directly below the front and back seats (14,15), under the cabin (12). A cover (C) integrally covers the fuel cell and fuel tanks while fixing them to frame (F).    USE - Fuel cell electric vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - Volume of the fuel tank is increased, without reducing the space of the cabin and increasing total-height of the motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell electric vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (2)    high-pressure hydrogen tanks (6a,6b)    cabin (12)    front seat (14)    backseat (15)    cabin (C)    frame (F)
NOVELTY - Method for preparing lithium borohydride (I) by reacting lithium hydride (II) and boron trifluoride (III) at mole ratio over 4.1:1, in an ether solvent (A) at at least 10degreesC. (A) has boiling point, at normal pressure, at least 50degreesC.    USE - (I) is used in organic synthesis, e.g. for reducing ester groups, and as source of hydrogen gas, for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces solutions of pure (I) in a solvent that is easy to handle and non-toxic. Only simple apparatus and standard reaction conditions are required; emission of diborane is prevented and (I) is obtained in a yield of at least 90%, based on (III), with purity over 95%, and the final solution is free of fluorine.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack (10) has an air inlet valve (21) ,a vacuum ejector pump (10) and control stages (40,41) . The cell works through the reaction of oxygen and hydrogen. The pump is of a vacuum ejector pump type in which a primary fluid produces a suction effect to draw in a secondary fluid. The amount is dependent upon the position of a control needle in the outlet.    USE - Ejector pump for use in fuel cell e.g. for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Accurate control of output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell system diagram.    Fuel cells (10)    Inlet valve (21)    Ejector pump (10)    Control stages (40,41)
NOVELTY - An in-line partial oxidation fuel reformer has an optimized gas flow temperature profile, such that no cracking of the fuel gas occurs that soot formation takes place    USE - The process is useful for producing hydrogen or syngas to feed a fuel cell in an improved direct solid oxide fuel cell reforming process.    ADVANTAGE - Incoming gases are mixed aggressively, with flame speeds that match the burner geometry very closely, operating over significant ranges of flows, with minimal heat loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An in-line partial oxidation fuel reformer, comprises an inlet end, a reforming section including a catalyst, and an outlet end. Reformer comprises: (a) a start-up burner associated with the inlet end; (b) an inlet flow diffuser connecting the inlet end to the reforming section; (c) a porous thermal barrier between (b) and the reforming section; and (d) an outlet reducer connecting the reforming section to the outlet end. A gas stream comprising a fuel gas and air (or oxygen) and their reactants flow through the inlet end, (b), (c), the reforming section, and (d) to the outlet end.
NOVELTY - A mixture comprising 4-10C alkenes and 4-10C alkanes is supplied into counter current extractive distillation column in which the extractive solvent comprises 100-90 wt.% of 1 or more polar 4-8C lactams and 0-10 wt.% of water. The mixture is then separated into overhead low boiling stream(s) and high boiling stream(s).    USE - For recovering monomer from solvent/diluent in solution for slurry polymerization of ethylene to manufacture polyethylene.    ADVANTAGE - The extractive distillation process has the flexibility to generate high purity comonomer stream and polymerization solvent stream, without using addition distillation columns or changes in the process configuration to accommodate alternate comonomer. The extractive distillation of mixture is carried out using lactam in the absence of additional extractive agent such as sulfolane or glycol. The recovered polymerization solvent/comonomer mixture can be directly recycled to the reaction process without further separation. No additional distillation columns or changes are required in the process configuration to accommodate the use of 1-butene, 1-hexene or 1-octene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the extractive distillation process.
NOVELTY - The thermo-mechanical conversion of urban waste into triomass comprises inertisation and fibres production, for autoclaving to provide a more readily combustible product. The product is suitable for use in turbines with a calorific capacity of below 3500 kcal/kg. Also claimed is apparatus implementing the process.    USE - In industrial chemistry.
NOVELTY - Inhibiting (M1) enzymatic activity in a substrate in liquid phase in order to stop or inhibit the course of enzymatic reactions caused by enzymes present in the substrate, involves denaturing the enzymes by applying a denaturing unit to the substrate at 0-60 degreesC.    USE - (M1) is useful for inhibiting enzyme activity in a substrate chosen from food matrix, pure enzyme or mixture of enzymes in liquid phase, enzymes contained in fruit juice or other liquid food in a real matrix, enzymes and mixture of reagents used for biochemical synthesis and waste material, where inhibiting the enzymatic activity is necessary before disposal. The food matrix is chosen from vegetable juice, vegetable puree, fruit juice and fruit puree (claimed). (M1) is also useful in biochemical industries for controlling enzymatic reactions, and in food, cosmetics and pharmaceutical industries.    ADVANTAGE - (M1) inhibits enzymatic activity of a substrate without causing much damage to the substrate, by carrying out the process at room temperature, where the characteristics, vitamins and fragrances of the treated food substrates are not affected.
NOVELTY - A fuel-vaporizing device comprises a fuel vaporizer, a fuel injector to supply fuel into the vaporizer, an air injector to supply air into the vaporizer to produce an air-fuel mixture, and a glow plug to partially oxidize the air-fuel mixture. The air supply amount of air injector is controlled relative to a fuel supply amount of fuel injector, to obtain an excess air factor of in the air-fuel mixture corresponding to a predetermined rich air-fuel ratio.    USE - For supplying hydrocarbon-containing fuel vapor to a fuel reformer, useful in a fuel cell system for a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel fuel-vaporizing device improves the reforming efficiency of reformate gas by controlling the excess air factor of vaporized fuel produced by a fuel vaporizer. Rapid activation of a reforming catalyst during start-up is also enabled, and discharge of unburned fuel from the reformer is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel vaporizer.    Fuel vaporizer (6)    Flame arrester (21)
NOVELTY - The unit has a fuel compartment and air compartment, where the air compartment is adjacent to the fuel compartment. A set of fuel flow fields (120) communicates with the fuel compartment and a set of air flow fields (122) communicates with the air compartment. The air fields have an array on the air compartment such that the air fields align with fuel fields and a space is maintained in each of the fuel fields of array.    USE - Used in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The space is maintained in each of the fuel fields of array, which facilitates combustion product to flow through the gap among the fuel cell to heat the fuel and air. The product heats the fuel and air, thereby the entire heat source that is combustion, electrochemical reaction, and internal cell/interconnect resistance is effectively exchanged to preheat the air supply and promote/maintain fuel reformation in the interconnect units.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a section view demonstrating the stacking of interconnect units.    Fuel flow fields (120)    Air flow fields (122)    Fuel cell (202)    Air electrode (204)    Fuel electrode (208)
NOVELTY - A stack has a fuel cell (50) with a hydrogen inlet and outlet, and a compressor in fluid communication with outlet, with a compressed hydrogen outlet, and in which the hydrogen is ionized into ions and electrons and compressed to a pressure greater than equal to inlet pressure. The compressor and fuel cell, have membrane electrode assembly (32) including proton exchange membrane (22), anode (16) and cathode (20).    USE - Electrochemical cell/compressor system.    ADVANTAGE - The recirculation rate of hydrogen through the stack is made stable efficiently, by altering the compressor output correspondingly when the pressure fluctuates at the hydrogen inlet of fuel cell. The structure of the system is simplified and the space is reduced, since the compressor is accommodated within the stack and the number of mechanical components are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrochemical cell/compressor system operation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a schematic view of the electrochemical cell.    anode (16)    cathode (20)    proton exchange membrane (22)    membrane electrode assembly (32)    fuel cell (50)
NOVELTY - A metal hydride storage medium comprises a continuous flexible web substrate; and layer(s) of a metal, metal hydride, or metal-hydride-forming alloy thin film coating disposed on surface(s) of the flexible web.    USE - For an hydrogen storage vessel (claimed) useful for battery or fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is a high storage capacity hydrogen medium, which is capable of providing improved hydrogen storage vessel. It is capable of converting hydrogen gas to electrical power using the metal hydride forming metal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a process for forming a hydrogen storage vessel comprising depositing a metal or metal alloy composition as a thin film onto a continuous substrate in the form of a flexible web, inserting the flexible web containing the metal or metal hydride thin film composition into a pressure vessel by providing a gas permeable gap between adjacent layers of the flexible web, and sealing the pressure vessel; and    (b) a hydrogen storage vessel comprising a scalable pressure vessel, a portal connecting the interior of the scalable pressure vessel to its exterior, a valve disposed on the portal for opening for insertion or removal of hydrogen gas from the scalable pressure vessel, multiple layers of a flexible web material disposed within the scalable pressure vessel, and multiple layers of the flexible web separated by a gas permeable gap.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view illustrating a roll of web material with expanded or magnified cross-sectional view of a portion of a coating design.
NOVELTY - The anode separator (9) has an anode flow field gasket (8) and an anode gas diffusion layer (GDL) made of highly porous, electrically conductive, non-metallic material having micro-channels.    USE - Anode separator in bipolar separator (claimed) for proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The micro-channels of the GDLs exhibit continuous, uniform fluid flow throughout the entire volume of the GDLs and across the fuel cell active area. The improved fluid distribution enables continuous fluid diffusion to the active area and allows the electrochemical reactions to occur at an optimum rate by constantly replenishing the fuel and transporting away the water that would otherwise suppress the reactions. As the GDLs maintain intimate contact with the active area, electric current transmission is improved and contact resistance is reduced. The GDLs exhibit sufficient dimensional stability to support the internal pressure exerted under load, thereby improving mechanical loading and fluid sealing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) cathode separator;    (2) bipolar separator; and    (3) proton exchange membrane fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows an exploded isometric view of the bipolar separator.    bipolar separator (2)    anode GDL (6)    anode flow field gasket (8)    anode separator (9)    coolant GDL (12)
NOVELTY - An exhaust gas-driven fuel flow device has a 3-way fluid flow-routing valve (314) to connect an inlet port (320) and rear outlet port (324) when isolated from the front outlet port (322), and to connect inlet port and the front outlet port when isolated from the rear outlet port.    USE - For supplying reactants or liquid fuel to the anode of direct feed electrochemical fuel cell and to flow field plate and to remove product water from the cathode of the fuel cell, e.g. used in fuel-cell powered electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Electrical power consumption is minimum. Minimizes power loss. Provides compact structure. Ensures effective water management. Improves electrical contact between adjacent cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) liquid-fueled direct feed fuel cell;    (2) method for delivering liquid fuel to direct feed fuel cell;    (3) liquid-fueled direct feed fuel cell stack; and    (4) method of enhancing the performance of liquid fueled direct feed fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The drawing shows a schematic view of the exhaust gas driven fluid flow device.    3-way fluid flow-routing valve (314)    inlet port (320)    outlet ports (322,324)    passage way (326)    controller (338)
NOVELTY - A magnetic refrigerator has a low temperature heat transfer region and a high temperature heat transfer region. A magnetic material exhibiting magnetocaloric effect is movable into and out of the heat transfer regions. Hydrogen solidified in low temperature region is removed and mixed with liquid hydrogen, to form slush hydrogen. Gaseous hydrogen produced in high temperature region is vented by pipe.    USE - For producing slush hydrogen used as propellant in aerospace vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The use of magnetic refrigeration offers high reliability, ease of use, and ease of maintenance because a minimum number of relatively slow moving components are required. The refrigerator operates near 40% of the Carnot efficiency, and provides a stand-alone device for in-situ production and maintenance of hydrogen slush that is of small volume and weight. There is no need to use large quantity of gaseous helium in the refrigeration system, and hence, there are no contaminants left in the product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) slush hydrogen maintenance facility; and    (2) method of producing slush hydrogen using magnetic refrigerator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a schematic view of the slush hydrogen production facility.    production device (10)    vacuum insulated tank (12)    slush hydrogen storage tank (136)    pump (138)    slush conditioner (148)
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of microbe fertilizer is provided to protect salt accumulation in soil, promote uprooting, increase immune power and improve productivity of crops by using plant growth-promoting microbes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A manufacturing method of microbe fertilizer is provided to protect salt accumulation in soil, promote uprooting, increase immune power and improve productivity of crops by using plant growth-promoting microbes. The microbe fertilizer is manufactured by the following steps of: (i) preculturing by inoculating bacillus sp. into the solution of LB medium, obtained by dissolving 10g of peptone, 5g of yeast extract and 5g of NaCl in 1L of water, and culturing at 30-40 degreesC for 1-2days; (ii) mixing precultured solution with culture solution, solution of LB medium(B), in a volume ratio of 1:99 and culturing at 30-40 degreesC for 2-3days, wherein the culturing solution is obtained by dissolving 10g of peptone, 5g of yeast extract, 5g of NaCl and 50g of black sugar in 1L of water; and packing.
NOVELTY - This method suppresses foul odor generation, reduces acidity of solidified sludge and prevents soil contamination through solidification of sewage sludge. The process involves fermentation of sludge from sewage processing, adding solidification agent and settling the mix. The fermentation stage may be performed by mixing sludge with fermentation agent, mixing sludge with returned fermented sludge, or include heating of the sludge. Also, it is desirable to inject filling material after sludge fermentation or to perform the sludge fermentation in the presence of filling material. Fermented sludge normally contains less than 50 percent weight of moisture after three days of settling, pH level of 11 or less in 20 percent weight of slurry condition, and NH3 gas generation rate measured at 30Cm distance to be less than 50ppm.
NOVELTY - This device consists of a separation tank that accumulates grease and solid materials from input sewage and waste water; a flow control tank that controls the flow from the separation tank; No. 1, No. 2 and No. 3 aeration tanks that cultivate aerobic microbes to process the processed waste water from the flow control tank using aerobic microbes; a settling tank that removes sediments from the processed waste water from aeration tanks; No. 1 anaerobic fermentation tank that allows fermentation of microbes in the processed water from the settling tank; No. 4 aeration tank that cultivates aerobic microbes finally in processed water from No. 1 anaerobic fermentation tank; and No. 2 anaerobic fermentation tank into which processed water from No. 4 aeration tank is fed, so that overall removal efficiency of total phosphor and total nitrogen is improved.
NOVELTY - The channels (121,122) for respective hydrogen and oxygen introduction are provided at both surfaces of a silicon substrate (11). The through-holes (13) of the substrate are mutually provided in the channels and the chemical reaction portions (14) are provided at the through-holes.    USE - Fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Realizes compact and lightweight fuel cell with high electric power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for manufacturing a silicon substrate for use in the electrochemical apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the electrochemical apparatus.    Silicon substrate (11)    Through-holes (13)    Chemical reaction portions (14)    Channels (121, 122)
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing manure involves mixing grass and wood chips to obtain a mixture, depositing the mixture on a mounting surface, fermenting to obtain a mixed fermented material, preparing humus-like thing by fermenting leaves and mixing the humus-like thing and mixed fermented material.    USE - As fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The manure has excellent operability and does not germinate seed of weeds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manure.
NOVELTY - A wood disentangled material is a porous material obtained by reacting alkali component with timber and carrying out steaming explosive break processing of the obtained mixture. The wood disentangled material contains acid component produced during the steaming explosive break processing of timber.    USE - Useful as support for microorganism raw material (claimed) used as material for organic refuse weight reduction, pig farming, cow rearing and odor removal material used in poultry farm, and support for soil improvement for fruit growing.    ADVANTAGE - The pH of the wood disentangled material is adjusted easily by a simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) manufacture of the wood disentangled material which involves cutting timber to chip, mixing chip and calcium carbonate material, and carrying out steaming explosive break processing of obtained mixture; and    (2) microorganism raw material which is obtained by inoculating microorganism into the wood disentangled material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relation between steaming explosive break processing conditions, volume pile and maximum water capacity. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Oil and water is separated from fat and oil content water in separator (1). The separated water (12) is biologically processed in treatment unit (2). The treated water is solid-liquid separated in solid-liquid separator (3). The fat and oil (11) separated is solubilized and decomposed. The solubilized and decomposed liquid is circulated to the oil water separator.    USE - For processing fat and oil content water such as organic waste water, kitchen waste water and domestic waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of fat and oil content water is carried out efficiently using a compact apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus of fat and oil content water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of fat and oil content water treatment unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oil water separator (1)    Water treatment unit (2)    Solid liquid separator (3, 6)    Processing equipment (4)    Solubilizer and decomposition treatment unit (5)    Fat and oil (11)    Separated water (12)
NOVELTY - The reaction tank (10) decomposes oil component in wastewater tank (2) of grease trap using microorganism arranged in reaction tank. The oil component retained in upper portion of the wastewater tank is drawn up by pumping device (22) and supplied into reaction tank and degraded by microorganisms.    USE - For treating wastewater emitted from restaurant and kitchens.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently decomposes wastewater oil component by removing the bad odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for wastewater oil component decompose-treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline side view of the wastewater oil component decomposition device.    Wastewater oil component decomposition device (1)    Wastewater tank (2)    Inflow portion (3)    Reaction tank (10)    Pumping device (22)
NOVELTY - A treatment tank (1) having a circular bottom is received within a vertically oblong-shaped outer frame. An insertion opening (21) is formed at the upper portion of the tank. An agitator having horizontal rotary shaft is fixed to the side walls of the tank. The width of the outer frame is narrower than its depth.    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The novel organic refuse disposer whose width is narrower than its depth may be installed in a reduced space. The size of the disposer is compact. Further, the organic refuse processing efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heater at the outer surface of the tank heats the treatment tank. The width, depth and length of the outer frame are 220 mm, 400 mm and 600 mm, respectively. The organic refuse is decomposed using bacteria of high temperature aerotropism. The organic refuse is decomposed at 60-80 degreesC. A lid (6) opens and closes the insertion opening. A deodorizing unit comprising a deodorizer and a ventilation unit removes odor from the exhaust gas ejected from the tank. The deodorizer includes a platinum catalyst. The exhaust gas and the outer air are mixed in the air-intake mixing portion. The agitator has several stirring blades, each consisting of three fingers and a grinding portion with two grinding teeth. Each stirring blade has a steel piece and a resin piece. The stirring blade is rotated in normal rotation and reverse rotation. A filter (111) is at the odor extraction opening of the treatment tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above organic refuse disposer.    Treatment tank (1)    Lid (6)    Filter (21)    Insertion opening (111)    Inner cover (131)
NOVELTY - An vertically adjustable overflow mouth (19) is provided in the organic disposer, through which fermentation product overflows, when the fermentation product exceeds a fixed level to the tank wall (8). The treatment tank is made by injection molding of resin. A stirring shaft in the tank, has several stirring claws and the claw nearest the tank wall has a bent at front end to avoid interference with the tank wall.    USE - For disposing organic refuse collected from domestic kitchen, by carrying out fermentation processing using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Amount of deposition of the organic refuse inside the tank is increased and shortens fermentation time due to the vertically adjustable overflow mouth. Due to the stirring shaft with front end bent stirring claws, uniform and optimal fermentation of the whole organic refuse is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring claw uses an electro conductive material as an electrode. The stirring shaft is made of insulating material and electro conductive material at both sides of center. An exhaust gas window (31) which exhausts the anaerobic gas generated from the organic refuse, is formed at the tank wall. The overflow mouth and exhaust gas window are arranged diagonally. Linear heater wires arranged at preset interval, are attached to the flat housing of a heater. A metal plate is inserted, between the heater wire and the tank wall and is attached through double-sided adhesive tape. A inclination partition plate is held at upper surface of a case surrounding the tank, to hold several lamps and a display unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the overflow mouth.    Treatment tank (2)    Tank wall (8)    Overflow mouth (19)    Exhaust gas window (31)    Plate (33)
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing silage using sugarcane dregs, sake lees and beer dregs involves collecting sake lees, beer dregs and sugarcane dregs after food processing, fermenting the mixture, adding yeast, softening fiber of sake lees, beer dregs and sugarcane dregs, accelerating fermentation by stirring, and packing to obtain natural livestock feed.    USE - For manufacturing silage for livestock.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective processing of waste materials from food processing industry. The method is cost effective and eco-friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart representing the manufacturing method of silage using sugarcane dregs, sake lees and beer dregs. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The supply of methanol aqueous solution is stopped and the supply of oxidizing-agent gas is continued for preset time while terminating the operation of power generating apparatus. The supply of oxidizing-agent gas is stopped after consuming the load current.    USE - For operating direct methanol-fuel battery type power generating apparatus (claimed) used in electronic device such as mobile telephone, notebook personal computer and digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the durability of the power generating apparatus by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for power generating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the electromotive unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion material contains a fibrous carbonaceous material (X), and powder-form carbonaceous material (Y). The hydrogen occlusion ability (a) of the material (Y) is greater than that of the hydrogen occlusion ability (b) of the material (X). The amount of the material (X) (in wt.%) satisfies a preset relation.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen storage component for hydrogen storage apparatus (both claimed) for electric vehicle fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion material provides hydrogen storage component having excellent hydrogen storage capacity and high reliability. The hydrogen occlusion material is inexpensive. The powder-form carbonaceous material is solidified without performing heat processing or addition of binder. The fibrous carbonaceous material and powder-form carbonaceous material are mixed favorably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen occlusion material contains a fibrous carbonaceous material (X), and powder-form carbonaceous material (Y). The hydrogen occlusion ability (a) of the material (Y) is greater than that of the hydrogen occlusion ability (b) of the material (X). The amount of the material (X) (in wt.%) satisfies a relation given by: 20 at most X at most 20+80 (b/a).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen storage apparatus, in which a hydrogen storage component obtained by film-thinning or solidifying the hydrogen occlusion material, is arranged in the container; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen storage component, which involves loosening the fibrous carbonaceous material, mixing the loosened fibrous carbonaceous material and powder-form carbonaceous material, and compression molding the mixed material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the relation between hydrogen occlusion ability of fibrous carbonaceous material and powder-form carbonaceous material, and the amount of fibrous carbonaceous material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hose material is obtained by mixing ethylene-olefin-type resin (2) with ethylene-propylene diene ternary polymer (1). The olefin-type resin is used as organic filler.    USE - For hose such as aqueous hose used for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hose material has excellent electrical insulation property and mixing property, and favorable compression permanent-deformation property, without impairing mechanical-physical property of ethylene-propylene diene ternary polymer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Ethylene-olefin-type resin is ethylene-octene-type resin.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hose for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of hose material for fuel cells in dispersion state of ethylene-olefin type resin. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    ethylene-propylene diene ternary polymer (1)    ethylene-olefin type resin (2)    carbon black (3)
NOVELTY - An analyzer (3) analysis the amount of exhaust gas ejected from the plasma processing chamber (1). A controller (8) controls the supply amount of the reactive gas containing perfluorocompound (PFC) to the chamber, based on the analysis result.    USE - In semiconductor device manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids need for exclusive exhaust gas ejection unit. Thereby preventing contamination of the semiconductor device manufacturing environment and promoting global warming.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) cleaning method of plasma film forming apparatus; and    (2) cleaning apparatus of plasma film forming apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the plasma film forming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    chamber (1)    induction coil (2)    analyzer (3)    piping (4)    controller (8)
NOVELTY - A controller (6) controls opening rate of a purge valve to adjust pressure difference between hydrogen entrance side and exit side of fuel cell main housing, so that the actual load corresponds with the actual load. The controller increases the opening rate of the purge valve, so as to increase the pressure difference when there is increase in required load.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in power generation voltage due to lack of hydrogen is prevented and hence battery damage is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    air supply piping (3)    air exhaust piping (5)    hydrogen supply piping (6)    hydrogen circulation pump (9)    controller (6)
NOVELTY - A fuel system of a fuel cell comprises a detachable cartridge (1) for supplying fuel such as flammable liquid to an electric power generation unit (17), and an auxiliary tank (15) for supplying the fuel even after removing the cartridge.    USE - Used for a fuel cell, used as an electric power unit for electronic devices such as personal computers and portable terminals.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel system of a fuel cell replenishes fuel safely, and improves the working efficiency of the electronic device. The fuel system of a fuel cell also prevents ignition of fuel, and is highly safe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the connection state of a fuel system and fuel cell.    cartridge (1)    shut-off valve (8)    sensor (11)    auxiliary tank (15)    electric power generation unit (17)
NOVELTY - A fuel circulation flow path (15) is connected to piping (41) supplying fuel to an anode (32) and piping (43) ejecting exhaust gas from the anode. A bypass flow path (17) with a fuel separator (19), branches from the flow path (15), before a pump (16). The other end of bypass flow path is connected to flow path (15), after the pump, for supplying fuel separated from the exhaust gas by the separator, to the anode.    USE - Reactive gas circular-type fuel cell system with solid polymer film-type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in concentration of the fuel in the exhaust gas recirculated to the anode, is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the reactive gas circular type-fuel cell system.    fuel circulation flow path (15)    circulation pump (16)    bypass flow path (17)    fuel separator (19)    anode (32)    cathode (33)    fuel supply piping (41)    exhaust gas ejection piping (43)
NOVELTY - A biaxial extruder has several kneading discs (4) to process plastic waste. A scooping out hole (9) is formed between the front end (7), shaft-hole peripheral portion (8) and the side portion (8) of each kneading disc.    USE - For processing plastic waste used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Plastic waste is easily decomposed and chlorine in resin is devolatilized efficiently. Reduces cost and size of the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross- sectional view of the kneading disc of biaxial extruder.    kneading disc (4)    front end (6)    shaft-hole peripheral portion (7)    side portion (8)    scooping out hole (9)
NOVELTY - The modification-reaction device has catalyst-filled layer (12), penetration gas passageway (14) and scattering structure. Layer (12) is packed with porous material having catalyst supported on catalyst-support surface. Passageway (14) has through-hole which penetrates into the layer (12). Scattering structure is arranged in passageway (14), and scatters gas. Gas enters and leaves the layer (12) freely via the through-hole.    USE - As modifier which modifies hydrocarbon group fuel and removes hydrogen and carbon monoxide e.g. for fuel cell, absorber, atmospheric purifier and bioreactor.    ADVANTAGE - The modification-reaction device has high hydrogen generation ability, without reducing catalyst ability, even if gas flow rate is increased. The reaction device has low pressure loss and high durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modification-reaction device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction container (10)    gas inlet (11)    catalyst filled layer (12)    gas outlet (13)    penetration gas passageway (14)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide (CO) transformer (5) converts CO contained in exhaust gas of a solid oxide type fuel cell (SOFC) (3), into hydrogen. A hydrogen gas turbine (8) generates electric power using hydrogen as fuel.    USE - Hydrogen utilization system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves fuel utilization factor and electric power generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a systematic diagram of the hydrogen utilization system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    SOFC (3)    fuel cooler (4)    CO transformer (5)    condenser (6)    hydrogen gas turbine (8)
NOVELTY - Circulation circuit (65) has heat exchanger (15) and thermal load (33) on circulation flow path, and circulation bypass flow path (49) which short-circuits the outflow/inflow side of circulation pump (35). The flow amount of heat carrier to heat exchanger through the pump, is adjusted by controlling the circulation flow amount of heat carrier through the branch flow of flow paths in the circulation circuit.    USE - Fuel cell co-generation system e.g. for polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the heat recovery rate at thermal load side, and maintains the electric power generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of fuel cell co-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat exchanger (15)    thermal load (33)    pump (35)    bypass flow path (49)    circulation circuit (65)
NOVELTY - An air purifier (10) has a dust collector and a filter, that removes the dust in air intake, by supply of reverse polarity charge with respect to electric charge of the air supply path (6).    USE - For supplying air as oxidizing agent to cathode of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEMFC) in fuel cell system for driving motor, water pump used with air-conditioner in electric vehicle, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the output efficiency of the fuel cell by preventing dust adhesion to cathode electrode, and reduces the pressure loss, thereby improving power generation efficiency of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air supply apparatus (1)    fuel cell (2)    anode (2b)    cathode (2c)    air supply path (6)    air purifier (10)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide purification catalyst contains ruthenium and iron, and removes carbon monoxide from reformed gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide in hydrogen purification apparatus (claimed) which produces hydrogen used as fuels such as fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide purification catalyst effectively removes carbon monoxide byproduct during the manufacture of hydrogen. The catalyst suppresses methanation reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen purification apparatus (10) which has a supply portion (I) for supplying reformed gas, a supply portion (II) for mixing gas containing oxygen with the reformed gas, and a catalyst reaction portion through which the reformed gas mixed with oxygen is passed. The reaction portion contains carbon monoxide purification catalyst; and    (2) hydrogen purification method which involves mixing gas containing oxygen with reformed gas, and passing the formed mixture through carbon monoxide purification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of hydrogen purification apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification catalyst layer (1)    Carbon monoxide transformation catalyst layer (2)    Carbon monoxide purification catalyst layer (3)    Oxygen supply portion (3a)    Hydrogen purification apparatus (10)
NOVELTY - Incinerated main ash or fly ash containing harmful organochlorine compound is mixed with refuse derived fuel (RDF), waste plastic fuel (RPF) or waste plastic, or their mixture and heat processed at 600 degrees C or more, for rendering the incinerated ash harmless.    USE - For treating toxic incinerated ash produced from general waste incinerator and industrial waste incineration furnace.    ADVANTAGE - The incinerated ash contaminated with organochlorine compound and heavy metal is rendered harmless easily and reliably. The treated ash is recycled effectively as cement raw material and concrete aggregate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the treatment procedure of the incinerated ash. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The container detachedly attached with respect to a fuel cell apparatus (210) has a hydrogen gas filling unit that fills hydrogen gas into container main housing. A supply unit supplies hydrogen gas accommodated in container housing to the fuel cell apparatus. The supply unit is detachedly attached with respect to the fuel cell apparatus.    USE - Hydrogen gas accommodation container in fuel cell electric vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Supplies hydrogen gas to fuel cell apparatus, easily and rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell electric vehicle; and    (2) hydrogen gas accommodation container management system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the fuel cell electric vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fixing unit (106)    fuel cell electric vehicle (200)    fuel cell apparatus (210)    switching unit (270)    base station (310)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell and methane fermentation cycle system has methane fermentation tank (28), and fuel cell (12) having air electrode (cathode) (14) and fuel electrode (20) (anode). The biogas produced in the tank (28) is introduced to anode, and simultaneously anode effluent gas is introduced to the tank.    USE - The system is useful for recycling organic refuse and food waste, and electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell and methane fermentation cycle system converts organic waste to methane gas efficiently, decreases sludge production and prevents draining of methane bacterium. The system promotes methanation reaction and converts methane gas to electrical energy at high efficiency. The system is eco-friendly and inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline flowchart of the methane fermentation cycle system using the low temperature form fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (12)    Air electrode (14)    Fuel electrode (18)    Fuel charging line (20)    Methane fermentation tank (28)    Heat exchanger (40)    Carbon dioxide separation column (42)    Carbon dioxide supplied air piping (50)
NOVELTY - The hose has a tubular shaped rubber layer (11) formed from a rubber composition containing layered clay mineral filler.    USE - For transporting hydrogen gas used as fuel for fuel cell in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hose has excellent hydrogen gas shielding property, flexibility, workability and durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of hose.    Inner tubular shaped rubber layer (11)    Reinforcement layer (12a)    Outer rubber layer (14)
NOVELTY - Fractionation of waste fat involves adding an organic solvent to form a fat solution, and removing particulate impurities by mechanical solid-liquid separation.    USE - Useful for producing fuel from waste fat, e.g. fat from animal carcass disposal or used restaurant fat.    ADVANTAGE - The novel process gives a sharp separation between fat components and impurities and reduces infection risks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an internal combustion engine fuel produced as above.
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate unit with two distribution plates for electrochemical cells, where at least one of the distribution plates has a channeled structure and these plates are so oriented relative to each other along their main surfaces that an inner channel system is obtained between opposite main surfaces, and a seal is provided at the edge region of the plates for sealing the channel system from the external environment.    USE - The unit is useful in fuel cell technology and in polymer-electrolyte membranes (PEM).    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate is simple to produce, and provides more efficient heat transfer to and from the electrochemical cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) An electrochemical cell or pile with one or more membrane electrode arrangements and at least one bipolar plate unit;    (2) Seal for sealing in the electrochemical cell, e.g. a sealing ring.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 illustrates a bipolar cell unit.    Bipolar plate unit, (1)    Main surface, (2)    Channel structure, (3)    Ports (4)    Inner periphery. (6)
NOVELTY - A medium-and high-temp 4-element refrigerating medium suitable for the heat pump of ordinary-temp water source at 30 deg.C in order to provide the hot water at 70 deg.C contains 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a), 1-chloro-1,2,2,2-tertafluoroethane (HCFC-124), isobutane (HC-600a) and 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a).    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are no poison, incombustible and good thermodynamic properties.
NOVELTY - A catalyst for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis has an atom make-up comprising 100 iron; 4-100 manganese; 1-50 IIA metal; and 0.5-10 potassium; and is prepared with precursors by precipitation.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity, high low carbon olefin (2-4C) and C5+ selectivity, low methane selectivity and applicability for both coal-based synthetic gas with low H/C ratio and natural gas-based synthetic gas with high H/C ratio.
NOVELTY - The multicomponent mixed work medium throttling refrigerating agent applicable to 200-240 k temp. zone includes four groups of substances.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The multicomponent mixed work medium throttling refrigerating agent applicable to 200-240 k temp. zone includes four groups of substances, respectively are: first group includes tetrafluoromethane, nitrogen trifluoride or mixture; second group includes ethylene, ethane, fluoroform, xenon, fluoromethane, perfluoroethylene, fluoroethylene, perfluoroethane or their any two, three and several kinds or mixture of all them; fourth group includes 1-butylene, isobutane, 2-methyl butane, 1-pentene, 3-methyl-1-butylene, 2-methylpentane, 2-butylene, cyclobutane, isobutylene, n-butane, pefluorobutane, n-pentane, perfluoropentane or their two, three, several kinds or mixture of all the them; and third group includes propylene, propane, perfluoropropane, 1,1,1-trifluoroethane, 1,1,-bifluoroethane.
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (8) and hot water storage tank (7) are used to re-use heat generated during ethanol production process. A catalytic converter (5) is provided at the downstream side of cooling fins (4) for de-oxygenating the alcohol to produce usable hydrocarbon fuel. (Analysts note: The claims are missing from the specifications. The document has therefore been abstracted, coded and indexed based on the author's abstract. The Patent Office has been notified).    USE - For producing high-octane fuels using renewable resources such as organic vegetation like wheat, barley, corn.    ADVANTAGE - Produces high octane fuel from renewable resource efficiently and economically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram explaining synthetic fuel process.    cooling fin (4)    catalytic converter (5)    separator (6)    storage tank (7)    heat exchanger (8)
NOVELTY - Oxidative reforming of a fuel comprises a catalytic bed with a reacting stream passing it such that it experiences decreasing mass flux, injecting feed stream having fuel and molecular oxygen in fuel rich proportions in the catalytic bed, oxidizing portion(s) of the fuel with the molecular oxygen, and reforming portion(s) of the fuel after at least a portion of oxygen has been consumed.    USE - For oxidative reforming of a fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows equivalent flow of the reacting stream through the catalytic bed in all directions from the point where the feed stream is injected into the bead. The catalytic bed provides other flow geometry with decreasing mass flux, e.g. conical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a catalytic reactor (10) for performing oxidative reforming, comprising a catalytic bed (14) comprising catalyst (20) for supporting partial oxidation and reforming oxidations, and having a geometry permitting a decreasing mass flux for reacting stream (16). The catalytic bed has an entrance with a small area and an exit with large area so that the feed stream (12) has initial mass flux preferred for partial oxidation reactions (22) and the final mass flux preferred by the reforming and equilibrium reactions (26).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of a spherical catalytic reactor taken along the diameter.    Catalytic reactor (10)    Feed stream (12)    Catalytic bed (14)    Reacting stream (16)    Catalyst (20)    Oxidation reactions (22)    Equilibrium reactions (26)
NOVELTY - A fuel supply port (14) capable of connecting to fuel supply hole (24), and byproduct collection port (15) capable of connecting to byproduct collection hole (25), that are having different sizes and shapes, are provided at respective lower and upper portions of a fuel package (21) arranged inside an accommodation portion (5). A power generator generates power using the fuel supplied from supply port.    USE - Power generation module for use in portable electronic apparatus such as cell phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), digital still camera, digital video camera and notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the holes for transmitting fuel from fuel package to power generation module and collecting byproduct from power generation module are appropriately formed on fuel package. The damage to the power generation module is prevented and the fuel package is safely replaced and the fuel by-product is safely collected.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel package.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the portable power supply having fuel package in removal state.    fuel package accommodation portion (5)    fuel supply port (14)    byproduct collection port (15)    fuel package (21)    fuel supply hole (24)    byproduct collection hole (25)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly comprises: (i) a portable fuel cell having a cathode in fluid connection with an oxidant intake port and an anode; and (ii) a filter assembly positioned in fluid connection with the oxidant intake port and the cathode. The filter assembly has a particulate removal feature or a chemical adsorbent feature; and a water buffer feature.    USE - For portable equipment, e.g. telephones, personal computing devices, lap top computers and pagers.    ADVANTAGE - The invention improves the feasibility and reliability of the portable fuel cells, e.g. direct methanol fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell assembly comprises:    (a) a portable fuel cell (30) having a cathode (32) in fluid connection with an oxidant intake port and an anode (34); and    (b) a filter assembly (100, 200) positioned in fluid connection with the oxidant intake port and the cathode.    The filter assembly comprises a particulate removal feature or a chemical adsorbent feature; and a water buffer feature. It is constructed and configured in the fuel cell so that an oxidant, entering via the intake port, passes through the filter assembly, and so that water vapor, from the cathode, is managed by the water buffer feature to achieve a desired humidity level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell assembly.    Electronic equipment (20)    Portable fuel cell (30)    Cathode (32)    Anode (34)    Methanol (44)    Filter assembly (100, 200)
NOVELTY - Water glass waste water is treated by biodegrading the water without any prior pH adjustment by alkalophilic/alkaline-tolerant microbes.    USE - Treatment of water glass waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The process eliminates large amounts of chemical treatment and sludge-cleaning expenses.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a composition for dyeing textile, comprising water glass and recycled water glass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of the on-site waste water treatment processes.
NOVELTY - Provided are a process for producing a medium fertilizer for cyanobacteria growth, the medium fertilizer for the cyanobacteria growth by the process, a method for growing crops by using the fertilizer, and high calcium agricultural products grown by the method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process for producing the medium fertilizer for the cyanobacteria growth contains the steps of: dissolving 0.25-1wt% of magnesium in 1-10wt% of sea water; mixing the magnesium dissolved sea water with 60-85wt% of organic wastes; inoculating 10wt% or less of a zymogen into the mixture and fermenting; mixing the fermented resultant with 1-4wt% of calcium and reacting for 3-5min; drying the resultant to have the moisture content of 5-35wt%; inoculating 1wt% or less of the cyanobacteria into the dried resultant. And the method for growing crops is performed by applying the medium fertilizer for the cyanobacteria growth to the soil.
NOVELTY - Provided is a high speed fermentation system of organic waste, which is a compost-fermenting system capable of making the best fermentation environment and producing compost of a good quality in large quantities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high speed fermentation system of organic waste comprises: a cylindrical or polygonal vertical body having a length of 30m or more; an injection hole(2) injecting a compost material, which is formed on the upper part of the body; a dispersion conveyer(3) dispersing and falling the injected compost material; a fermentation chamber(A) piling up the fallen compost material; an oxygen supply line(B) supplying oxygen to the piled compost material; a gas exhaust line(C) exhausting gas generated from the body; a screw conveyer(6) discharging the compost fermented in the body to the outside; an extraneous matters selecting device(7) separating extraneous matters from the compost discharged through the screw conveyer(6).
NOVELTY - A vertical compost-fermenting system, which makes the best fermenting environment, manages facilities easily, saves energy, and can produce compost of a good quality in large quantities, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vertical compost-fermenting system comprises: a cylindrical or polygonal vertical body(1); an injection hole (2) formed on the upper part of the body (1) to inject a compost material; a dispersion conveyer (3) dispersing the injected compost material; a fermentation chamber (A); an oxygen pipe (4) of an oxygen supply line (C) supplying oxygen to the piled compost material; an exhaust duct of a gas exhaust line exhausting gas from the fermentation chamber (A); a stirrer (B) stirring the compost of the fermentation chamber; a screw conveyer (6) discharging the compost to the outside; and an extraneous matters-selecting device (7) separating extraneous matters from the discharged compost.
NOVELTY - An organic waste treating apparatus is provided which stably treats organic waste without pollution of soil, air and water and is capable of recycling gases generated when treating the organic waste as a heat source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In an ordinary organic waste treating apparatus comprising acid fermentation tank(30), methane fermentation tank(40) and alkali fermentation tank(50) dividingly formed in treating tank reclaimed underground, the apparatus comprises a gas-water separator connected to a gas outlet(42) for exhausting methane gas generated in the methane fermentation tank to separate gas and water; a deodorizer for removing malodor in the methane gas flown in the deodorizer from the gas-water separator; a methane gas tank for storing methane gas flown in the methane gas tank from the deodorizer; a hot water boiler for heating water by burning the methane gas supplied from the methane gas tank; and a heating plate(32) comprising a heating pipe(33) for heating the bottom of the acid fermentation tank using hot water heated in the hot water boiler.
NOVELTY - Biomass is thermally decomposed in circulation fluidized-gasification furnace (2). Generated thermal decomposition gas (D) is reacted with oxygen (C) and modified in circulation flow reformer (3), to generate combustible gas (E2). Ash content (G) is extracted from combustible gas and granulated. The granulated material (H) is introduced into reformer and sintered to obtain granulated aggregate (I), in gasification of the biomass.    USE - For gasification of biomass such as organic-solid substance and for generating combustible gas used for electric power generation, using gas engine.    ADVANTAGE - The biomass is efficiently gasified using compact gasifier. Environmental impact is suppressed by recovering the unused energy of sewage sludge. Generation of dust and elution of heavy metal are prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gasifier, which has the circulation-fluidized gasification furnace, circulation flow reformer, dust collector (6) to collect the ash content in the combustible gas, granulator (61) to mold the collected ash content, and conveying unit to supply the granulated material into the circulation flow reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal portion flow block diagram of gasification of the biomass.    circulation fluidized-gasification furnace (2)    circulation flow reformer (3)    dust collector (6)    granulator (61)    oxygen (C)    thermal decomposition gas (D)    combustible gas (E2)    ash content (G)    granulated material (H)    granulated aggregate (I)
NOVELTY - Fermented manure (4) and calcareous solid substance such as heated shellfish shell, are mixed, sterilized and activity force is increased to annihilate insect, nematode and seeds, before fermenting organic waste such as agricultural-forestry-fishery-livestock farming waste and obtaining manure for soil.    USE - For sterilizing manure.    ADVANTAGE - The method having high processing efficiency, enables to effectively sterilize fermented manure and produce manure of high quality. By using calcareous solid substance, sterilization is performed in short time. By sieving and recycling the classified medium, energy is saved. The sterilized manure is harmless to soil, provides good soil improving effect and serves as effective fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for recycling of calcareous solid substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of manure-sterilizing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Shellfish shell raw material (1)    Crushed shellfish shell (2)    Heater (3)    Fermented manure (4)    Preliminary heater (5)    Mixer (6)    Sterilizing tank (7)    Sieve (8)    Sterilized manure (9)    Heat-recovery device (10)
NOVELTY - Main and auxiliary hollow fiber membranes (121, 122) are arranged within a case (110). The mechanical strength of the main hollow fiber membrane along the inner periphery, is higher than that of the auxiliary hollow fiber membrane. The dehumidification/humidification efficiency of the auxiliary hollow fiber membrane is larger than that of the main hollow fiber membrane.    USE - Used with a dehumidifier of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The humidification and dehumidification efficiency are improved, and the size of the hollow fiber membrane module is reduced. The damage of the hollow fiber membrane is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hollow fiber membrane module.    hollow fiber membrane module (100)    case (110)    openings (111,112)    main and auxiliary hollow fiber membranes (121,122)
NOVELTY - A processing agent contains Lactobacillus paracasei, Enterococcus malodoratus and Candida lipolytica.    USE - Used for processing organic refuse used for forming fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is processed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing of organic refuse.
NOVELTY - Culture method involves supplying a culture medium and a sampling culture solution into a culture tank, controlling the methane-using bacteria, such as thermophilus, concentration in the culture solution, and suppressing increase in temperature of the culture solution.    USE - For culturing thermophilus methane-using bacteria, for use in feed (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The novel culture method enables control of the concentration of bacteria in the culture solution, and improves culture efficiency. The methane-using bacteria uses methane as carbon source, and can be effectively produced at low cost, without using large scale cooling device. The bacteria with a protein concentration of 70-76% provides a feed having high nutritional value, economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a feed containing the thermophilus methane-using bacteria cultured by the above method.
NOVELTY - The viscosity of ink (10) is adjusted by distributing particles (11) of specific size, with dispersant (13) in a solvent (12). The ink is discharged on a silicon substrate (2) using an inkjet apparatus (20) to form the desired ink pattern (5a). A gas sensitive film is formed by sintering and heating the ink pattern.    USE - Used for manufacturing a gas sensitive film for a gas sensor for detecting carbon monoxide, methane and oxides of nitrogen.    ADVANTAGE - A gas sensitive film of uniform thickness is formed by adjusting viscosity of the ink. The responsiveness of the gas sensor is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates gas sensitive film manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    ink pattern (5a)    ink (10)    particle (11)    solvent (12)    dispersant (13)    ink-jet apparatus (20)
NOVELTY - A gasifier has a dry distillation device (G) and a reformer (R). The distillation device produces a carbonized gas (1) by heating an organic substance. A predetermined amount of water vapor (10) is added to the carbonized gas and heated at 600-1200 degreesC, using the heat produced from electrical power or the heat produced from partial combustion using oxygen. A gas (2) rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen is thus produced in the modifier.    USE - For gasifying organic waste, such as biomass produced in agriculture, forest products, plastic, construction waste material, animal and plant residue and sludge, and used for manufacturing source gas for chemo synthesis, such as hydrogen, used for fuel cell and methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The novel gasifier has high safety and economical efficiency. The recycling of waste material is effectively enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure details a method for producing hydrogen fuel for fuel cells, as above. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbonized gas (1)    gas rich in carbon monoxide and hydrogen (2)    gas rich in hydrogen (3)    water vapor (10)    dry distillation apparatus (G)    reformer (R)    hydrogen shift reaction apparatus (W)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus includes a branch line (L2) in which hydrogen purification apparatus (3), hydrogen storage apparatus (4) and hydrogen supply apparatus (5) are interposed, other than the main line (L1) which supplies hydrogen rich gas from town gas treating equipment (1) to fuel cell (2).    USE - Phosphoric acid form fuel cell apparatus used in vehicle, residential/commercial areas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to ensure stable fuel supply to vehicle using stored hydrogen supply, thereby achieving improved and optimized power generation using town gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the phosphoric acid form fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    town gas treating equipment (1)    fuel cell (2)    hydrogen purification apparatus (3)    hydrogen storage apparatus (4)    hydrogen supply apparatus (5)    main line (L1)    branch line (L2)
NOVELTY - A gas consumption apparatus (6) is connected to gas source (2) through gas pipe (5). Discharge pipe (13) and acceptance pipe (14) are connected between gas pipe and gas distribution network (10). Gas meters (17,19) connected at pipes (13,14), measure the amount of gas supplied to the network and received from the network, respectively. The gas receipt charge is calculated based on the measurement results.    USE - Methane gas receipt system.    ADVANTAGE - The methane gas is processed stably and efficiently, at low cost. The shortage of methane gas for distribution network is prevented and the income and expenditure for supplying the methane gas are calculated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A buffer tank (9) collects the surplus amount of methane gas generated by gas source. A measurement unit provided at the buffer tank, measures the amount of gas collected in the buffer tank. A receipt control unit controls opening of discharge pipe and acceptance pipe, based on the measurement result.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the methane gas receipt system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas source (2)    Gas pipe (5)    Gas consumption apparatus (6)    Buffer tank (9)    Gas distribution network (10)    Discharge pipe (13)    Acceptance pipe (14)    Gas meters (17,19)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a screw rod driven by an electric motor. A detector detects driving force required to rotate the screw rod, based on electric current supplied to the motor, and torque acting on the output shaft of the motor. The fermentation degree of the fermentation target object is determined based on the detected driving force, and is displayed on an indicator.    USE - The fermentation degree detector is useful for detecting fermentation degree of human waste, excrements of livestock, meat processing waste water, dairy product manufacture waste water, meat distribution center waste water, agricultural colony waste water sludge, housing complex domestic waste surplus sludge and fish processing waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation degree of the target object is detected easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A recorder records the detected fermentation degree, for preset time interval.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for :    (1) fermentation degree detection method; and    (2) fermentation apparatus that controls fermentation environment of fermentation target object in a fermenter, based on driving force required to rotate screw rod detected by detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of the fermentation apparatus.    Fermenter (10)    Heaters (12,13)    Stirring mechanism (20)    Discharge mechanism (50)
NOVELTY - An impeller (1) supported by a shaft (7) fixed to a pump case (5), is provided with blades (2) at its upper peripheral portion. A rotor magnet (3) is arranged at internal circumference of the impeller. A motor stator (4) arranged at internal circumference side of the magnet, is separated from the impeller by a divisions plate in airtight state.    USE - For conveying methanol to fuel cell, coolant such as antifreezing solution to aircraft, for circulating coolant to cool electronic components such as central processing unit.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the pump is reduced, by integrally forming the blade and rotor magnet, hence manufacturing cost is low. The structure of the pump is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A suction inlet (9) and a discharge opening are provided in the pump case. The shaft is fixed to division plate or pump case. The impeller is integrally provided with the magnetic substance material. A portion of the impeller near the division plate, is subjected to water repellent process so as to form a fluorine coating film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the small vortex pump.    impeller (1)    blades (2)    rotor magnet (3)    motor stator (4)    pump case (5)    shaft (7)    suction inlet (9)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a flow-path substrate (6) with gas passageways (6a) into which reactive gas flows. The pressure loss of the reactive gas is set more when passing from one passage to other passage than the pressure loss of the gas passing through the passageway containing water droplet, to blow away the water droplet.    USE - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains efficient emission of water droplet blocked in the gas passageway. Hence electric power generation property of the fuel cell, is stabilized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the structure of the polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    catalyst layer (4b)    flow path substrate (6)    gas passageway (6a)    gas flow direction (X)    lamination direction (Z)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell assembly consists of center-hole (3a) formed in a cell stack (3) comprising several cells (1). A fuel distribution path (4) is formed along the center-hole. The path consists of several fuel supply holes (4b) formed along the longitudinal direction at predetermined pitch, for supplying fuel to each cell.    USE - Fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel is supplied to each cell, uniformly, without any pressure difference with respect to time. Hence uniform and efficient power generation of the cells is achieved. Thus fuel cell output is increased and power generation efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and sectional views of the fuel cell assembly.    fuel cell (1)    cell stack (3)    center-hole (3a)    fuel distribution path (4)    fuel supply hole (4b)
NOVELTY - The gas supply is provided by a heterogeneous water gas reaction (1) that separates solid and liquid particles (2). The gas is fed by a blower (3) to the anode side of the solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC, (4) The exhaust gas p(asses to a heat exchanger (5) coupled to a separator for the CO2 (6) and to a condensator for the vapor.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified gas process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a process system diagram.    Water gas reaction (1)    Separator (2)    Blower (3)    SOFC (4)    Heat exchanger (5)    Separator (6)    Condenser (7)
NOVELTY - Biological purification of bio-gases recovered from biomasses in an aerobic fermentation vessel involves addition to the biomass of sodium alginate.    USE - In the removal of hydrogen sulfide from bio-gases to be used in the operation of block heating and generating plant and internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The process is highly effective and avoids the apparatus costs associated with the process of DE19721243 which requires coupling with a further reactor.
NOVELTY - The method involves clocking the power drawn from the fuel cell (2) by switching an electrical connection (6) between the fuel cell and a load (3) on and off depending on the fuel present in the fuel cell. The quantity of fuel is regulated depending on a duty cycle of the clocked connection so that a desired duty cycle value is s et starting from an actual value.    USE - For regulating fuel delivery to a fuel cell system, for use in a mobile fuel cell system, especially in a motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables robust and reliable fuel quantity regulation with minimal costs in respect of complexity and number of sensors required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system using the inventive method    fuel cell (2)    electrical connection (6)    load (3)    gas generation system (4)    fuel feed (5)
NOVELTY - The industrial hydrogen and oxygen fabricator from water has the capacity to be a source of alternative fuel. A processor of water, alcohol and methanol is connected to each machine producing hydrogen and oxygen simply sufficient for its operation.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - Solid organic waste is treated by anaerobic digestion, the solid waste being agitated during digestion, the waste having an average moisture level after treatment not more than 45 wt.%, preferably not more than 35 wt.%.    USE - The invention is used for the treatment of solid organic waste, e.g. municipal waste or agricultural waste, which is then processed to form fuel, and compost (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not require an expensive drying apparatus, and processes a waste having a very variable moisture level and physical composition, thus producing a homogeneous product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for treating solid organic waste, comprising an anaerobic digestion vessel (116), agitating mechanism for agitating the solid organic waste in the vessel, drying mechanism following the digestion vessel, and controlling mechanism for controlling the input of solid organic waste to the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic process diagram of the inventive method.    Blender (115)    anaerobic digestion vessel (116)    Loading (117)    Unloading end (118)    Drying floor (123)
NOVELTY - An adsorbent bed (A1) comprises a first adsorbent layer for removing water, a second adsorbent layer comprising a mixture of adsorbents, where at least one component of the mixture has a bulk density of at least 32 lb/ft3, a third layer of adsorbent comprising an adsorbent having a bulk density of at least 32 lb/ft3 and a fourth layer (l) of adsorbent having a nitrogen Henry's law constant of greater than 1.5 (preferably at least 2.3) mmol/g. bar.    USE - For purification of a gas stream e.g. hydrogen gas (Claimed) useful in steel annealing, silicon manufacturing, hydrogenation of fats and oils, glass making, hydrocracking, methanol production, production of oxo alcohols, and isomerization processes.    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent bed provides purification of hydrogen with high purity, higher hydrogen recovery and lower adsorbent inventory as compared to the prior art pressure swing adsorption system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for purification of a gas stream containing more than 50 mol.% of hydrogen and impurities including water, CO2, CH4, CO and N2, involving passing the gas stream over the adsorbent bed, where the adsorbent layer comprises at least 4 layers. The first layer (1) is selected from silica gel, silicalite, zeolite, and alumina, the second layer (2) is selected from activated carbon, or zeolite and alumina, the third layer (3) is selected from activated carbon and the fourth layer (4) is selected from (l).
NOVELTY - A tubular cylinder with vertically-spaced angular port, is rotatably arranged in a housing. An electric motor rotates the tubular cylinder, such that the selective ports are connected with selective air and hydrogen passages in a valve.    USE - For fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to selectively control flow of fuel or oxidized agent through the air or hydrogen passages in the valve. Reduces power consumption and controls back pressure and flow of fuel in the fuel cell stack. Ensures precise control of timing and quality of flow in the fuel cells stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a fuel cell.    fuel cell stack (10)    fuel cells (12,14,16,18,20,22)    control valves (24,26,28,30)
NOVELTY - A device comprises a reactor volume (10), a reactor shell (14), ceramic lining (16, 18), and an intermediate space (20, 42) provided between shell and ceramic lining. The intermediate space constitutes an expansion room that holds a thermal bridge member (22, 25, 30) which transfers thermal energy from the lining to shell and absorbs/counteracts the expansion forces from the ceramic lining.    USE - For gasification or oxidation of energy containing fuel e.g. waste liquor including black liquor from chemical paper pulp production (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The device exhibits a steep and well controlled temperature profile in the ceramic lining and rector shell which also allows for reversible or irreversible expansion to take place in ceramic lining with known and limited stress on the reactor steel vessel. The thermal bridge member has the ability to both transfer heat energy by conduction and to absorb and/or transfer expansion forces to the reactor steel vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side cross-sectional view of the device.    reactor volume (10)    reactor shell (14)    ceramic lining (16, 18)    intermediate space (20, 42)    thermal bridge member. (22, 25, 30)
NOVELTY - Inlet and outlet openings (16, 19) for gases are located on single narrow side of individual cells (14). The cells are pressed together transversely to their flat sides under pre-loading, in regions of their intrinsic resilience. Pressure is held until the individual cells are fixed together, under preloading.    USE - To make a fuel cell stack for a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is space-saving and ideal for use in vehicles. Manufacture is economical. Assembly tolerances and length variations are compensated without need for additional springs. Self-resilience of pressings may be used, in forming end plates. If required, they can also be made of graphite or other materials. Mounting costs are reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) the metal plate used to form the stack; and    (2) the stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section through a schematic stack construction is shown.    Metal plates (1)    Coolant channel (13)    Individual cells (14)    Inlet and outlet openings (16, 19)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon feed stream is converted by passing a reformulation feed stream including 5-8C saturated and olefinic hydrocarbons to a reformulating reactor (10) containing catalyst particles; reformulating the reformulation feed stream to produce a reformulated product stream; and recovering the reformulated product stream.    USE - The invention is used for converting hydrocarbon feed stream, e.g. vacuum gas oil, and reduced crude.    ADVANTAGE - The invention enhances the quality of product from a fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) unit without reducing the octane rating of the product, and without the addition of hydrogen. It also reduces the concentration of sulfur and nitrogen compounds in an FCC product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Converting a hydrocarbon feed stream comprises passing a reformulation feed stream including 5-8C saturated and olefinic hydrocarbons to a reformulating reactor containing catalyst particles having a composition; reformulating the reformulation feed stream in the reformulating reactor to produce a reformulated product stream, the reformulating proceeding at conditions that promote at least 5% net yield increase in aromatics on a fresh reformulation feed basis indicating the occurrence of hydrogen transfer reactions; and recovering the reformulated product stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional, elevational, schematic view of the FCC unit.    Reactor (10)    Reactor riser (12)    Reactor vessel (14)    Separation vessel (16)    Catalyst bed (24)
NOVELTY - The hybrid energy conversion system utilizes heat generated from engine such as externally heated engine, internal combustion engine, to produce hydrogen from feedstock. A portion of the hydrogen is supplied to fuel cell for energy conversion.    USE - For rapid conversion and storage of energy from regenerative braking, and recovery of energy for high efficiency engine, diesel engine, piston engine, turbine, piston motor, expansive chamber motor, expansive chamber engine, fuel cell, hybrid vehicle. Also for conversion of kinetic energy of stopping of vehicle, or renewable energy such as solar, wind or hydro-electricity into densely storable quantities of hydrogen or water for quick and efficient development of heat, partial oxidation processes, shaft power, and electricity .    ADVANTAGE - Allows quick and efficient energy conversion. Hence provides an inexpensive, safe, renewable, fuel supply system, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING - The figure shows a schematic view of the internal combustion engine.    output shaft (14)    flywheel (18)    flywheel markers (20)    electronic controller (24)    fuel detector (27)
NOVELTY - This consists of the crusher to break up the flammable material, of the crushing equipment of the flammable stuff with the first storage tank keeping the crushed flammable material transferred from the crusher, of the drying machine to dehydrate the sludge, of the pressed drying machine, of the sludge drying equipment with the second storage tank keeping the dried sludge transferred from the pressed drying machine, of the compound equipment connected to the first and the second storage tanks, of the third storage tank connected to the compound equipment, of the pressed drying machine connected to the third tank, of the fuel forming part, and of the conveyer belt with the magnetic drum.    USE - To manufacture the regenerated fuel utilizing inflammable materials, such as the worn vinyl, the worn tire, and the watery sludge originated from sewage disposal plants, wastewater disposal plants, and paper-mills.
NOVELTY - A fuel cartridge (1) has two chambers (3, 4) with a partition wall (2) in between. A liquid transfer medium (7) supplies liquid such as water stored in one of the chambers (3) by capillary phenomenon to the other chamber (4) in which solid material such as metal hydrogen compounds etc. and a hydrogen occlusion alloy are accommodated for hydrogen generation.    USE - Used for fuel cells (claimed) used in portable electronic devices especially mobile telephones.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cartridge can maintain low surface temperature and low internal pressure without the need for external power without degrading the power generation efficiency and quantity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cartridge for fuel cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cartridge (1)    partition walls (2,9)    chambers (3,4)    liquid supply port (5)    space (8)    hydrogen exhaust port (10)
NOVELTY - A coke-bed-type gasified melting furnace (1) has several tuyeres (4-1, 4-5) in more than two stages, to change the state inside of the furnace into a reducing environment and to maintain a constant high temperature in the furnace.    USE - Used for the processing of domestic waste and industrial waste with coke and carbonized material.    ADVANTAGE - By changing the state inside the furnace into reducing environment, the gas ejected during processing of waste is collected as reducing gas which is recycled as fuel for another apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the coke bed-type gasified melting furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    furnace (1)    insertion opening (2)    tuyeres (4-1, 4-5)
NOVELTY - An exhaust path (11) is connected to a heating chamber (6) which heats a carbonization chamber (1), for returning exhaust gas produced in the carbonization chamber to the heating chamber. A moisture-content removal path (12) which has a vacuum pump (13) and a valve (14) is arranged in the middle of the exhaust path. A gas supply valve (15) is arranged at the downstream side of the valve in the removal path.    USE - Used for performing the carbonization of organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Since the moisture content present in the exhaust gas is removed efficiently using the vacuum pump, during carbonization, the drying of the refuse stored in the carbonization chamber is promoted. Hence, carbonization efficiency is improved. The carbonization chamber is efficiently heated using the combustion heat of the exhaust gas from which moisture has been removed. Since the heating chamber and the carbonization chamber are formed integrally, the structure of the apparatus is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the carbonization apparatus, while suction of moisture content in the exhaust gas is being performed.    carbonization chamber (1)    heating chamber (6)    exhaust path (11)    moisture-content removal path (12)    vacuum pump (13)    valves (14,15)
NOVELTY - The organic drainage is subjected to methane fermentation in a treatment tank (1) in the presence of anaerobic bacteria. A portion of the sludge generated in the anaerobic treatment is modified by ozone treatment or high voltage pulse electro-discharge treatment in modification tank (3). The modified sludge is then returned to the anaerobic treatment tank through modified sludge path (23).    USE - The method is useful for processing organic sludge, human waste and foodstuff waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively processes organic sludge, suppresses coloration of processed water and suppresses raise in chemical oxygen demand. The method is simple and economical. The method effectively reduces volume of surplus sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for anaerobic treatment apparatus for processing sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of anaerobic treatment tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic treatment tank (1)    Modification tank (3)    Thickened sludge (15)    Ozonizer (22)    Sludge path (23)
NOVELTY - Organic waste processing agent comprising corn-cob meal having mean particle diameter of 4-9 mm, is new.    USE - The agent is useful for decomposing organic waste e.g. organic refuse (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The agent effectively decomposes organic waste such as organic refuse without producing unpleasant odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) organic waste processing method, which decomposes organic waste using microorganisms in the presence of organic waste processing agent; and    (2) organic waste processing machine, which comprises organic waste processing portion for mixing corn-cob meal and organic waste.
NOVELTY - A concave receptacle (26) has a base end fixed to the inner face of a wall (8) of a treatment tank (2), ahead of the rotation locus of a stirring blade (9) attached to a rotary stirring shaft (7) arranged horizontally in the tank. The tip of the receptacle enters into the rotation locus of the blade which stirs the organic refuse supplied to the tank used to produce a fermentation product from the refuse.    USE - For disposing organic refuse, such as, fish bone, obtained from domestic kitchens, by fermenting refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Hard bones and lumps of organic refuse are pushed out of the rotation locus of the blade and are received by the receptacle. Hence, prevents the damage of the soft wall of the tank, by the hard bones and the lumps. Prevents re-mixing of the bones and lumps into the refuse. Hence, enables uniformly stirring and fermenting the refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the organic refuse disposer.    treatment tank (2)    stirring shaft (7)    wall (8)    stirring blade (9)    receptacle (26)
NOVELTY - The water treated unit has to-be-processed water storage portion, filtration components (3) with string-like fiber assemblies (6), filtration unit (7) and treated water ejection unit. Filtration components with assemblies (6) are dipped in to-be-processed water to form a microorganism colony (11). Water is flown in to a gap formed between fiber and string-like fiber assembly, and treated water is ejected by treated-water ejection unit.    USE - For removing organic substances in water.    ADVANTAGE - The water treating unit is manufactured easily, and a filtration component is easily attached in a short period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The water treated unit has to-be-processed water storage portion which stores water, filtration components (3) comprising string-like fiber assemblies (6), filtration unit (7) provided at to-be-processed water storage portion, and treated water ejection unit. The filtration components with string-like fiber assemblies are supported among adjacent cylindrical holders, and dipped in to-be-processed water to form a microorganism colony (11) for performing filtration. The to-be-processed water flows into a micro gap according to the water level difference in colony (11) after filtration. Subsequently, water is flown between fiber and string-like fiber assembly by a pressure gradient produced along longitudinal direction of string-like fiber assembly. Treated water which comes out of the filtration component is passed into the interior portion of a holder (20) and ejected to the exterior portion of to-be-processed water storage portion by a treated water ejection unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the enlargement front sectional drawing of filtration unit.    filtration component (3)    string-like fiber assembly (6)    filtration unit (7)    microorganism colony (11)    holder (20)
NOVELTY - The human waste is mixed with an extract, which is extracted from timber of Taxodiaceae plant with an extracting solvent, and contacted with a base material (5). Biological decompose treatment is performed, and the human waste such as urine is processed.    USE - For processing human waste such as urine disposed from flush toilet installed in tourist resort, transit camp, event hall, service area of highway, station, construction field, poultry farm and hoggery.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substance is decomposed efficiently. The processing method is eco-friendly. The human waste processing apparatus is compact. Chemical substances such as pH regulator, coagulant and disinfectant, are not used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The base material is Japanese-cedar tip. The extracting solvent is water.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for human waste processing apparatus (S).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the human waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    toilet (1)    storage tank (2)    base material (5)    decomposition disposal tank (6)    human waste processing apparatus (S)
NOVELTY - Polycaprolactone which is a biodegradable plastic and/or polycaprolactone derivatives are used as electron donor of microorganisms to remove environmental pollutants.    USE - For removing nitrogen compounds from solution containing nitric acid, nitrous acid, waste water, water, inorganic wastewater, environment and soil. Also used for processing inorganic wastewater containing nitrate in high concentration.    ADVANTAGE - The integrated composite of microorganisms and biodegradable plastics effectively removes nitrate from water or soil. The environment purification method is economic and stable solid phase nitrogen removal is performed by controlling pH and dissolved oxide concentration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) nitrogen removal method; and    (2) enrich culture method of denitrifying microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of nitrogen removal method by addition of the integrated composite of microorganism and biodegradable plastic. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Organic waste processing system comprises a water treatment plant. The water treatment plant removes nitrogen content from supernatant liquid of processed organic waste, and produces strong oxidation substance of hypochlorous acid group by electrolyzing the supernatant liquid. The system has electrolytic cell (3) which removes nitrogen contained in supernatant liquid, by oxidation of strong oxidation substance.    USE - For processing organic waste (claimed), such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system effectively removes nitrogen content from organic waste, with improved processing efficiency. The processing method is performed inexpensively without requiring the addition of external hydrogen donor. Since the nitrogen content after denitrification is ejected as gas, environmental pollution is prevented. The fault of processing system can be detected easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Organic waste processing system comprises a water treatment plant. The water treatment plant removes nitrogen content from a supernatant liquid obtained by solid-liquid separation after performing nitrification-denitrification process, anaerobic treatment and/or aeration processing to organic waste containing nitrogen. The water treatment plant produces strong oxidation substance of hypochlorous acid group by electrolyzing the supernatant liquid. The processing system has an electrolytic cell which removes the nitrogen content contained in the supernatant liquid, by oxidation of the strong oxidation substance.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of processing organic waste using the above system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above organic waste processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane fermentation tank (1)    dehydrator (2)    electrolytic cell (3)    reduction tank (4)    nitrification-denitrification treatment tank (5)
NOVELTY - The solid substance containing low concentration of contaminant is suspended into aqueous solution, and contaminant adsorbed to the organic substance of solid substance is transferred into the solution. The contaminant, which is extracted into aqueous solution, is removed by solid liquid separation of the solid substance.    USE - For extracting contaminants such as halogenated polycyclic aromatics contained in solid substances such as soil and sand.    ADVANTAGE - The contaminants from the solid samples are effectively processed, and the volume reduction of the sample containing contaminant is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) concentration method of contaminant;    (2) harmful component removal method of contaminant;    (3) extracting device;    (4) harmful component removal apparatus; and    (5) concentration apparatus of contaminant containing the extracting device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of solubilized apparatus of contaminant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    soil (1)    reaction tank (3)    contaminant solution (4)    solid liquid separation portion (5)
NOVELTY - The test equipment has a rotary shaft (4) inserted into the fermentation tank (1) through the cover (3). The stirring blades (5) are provided at the lower end of the rotary shaft.    USE - For testing anaerobic fermentation of organic waste such as excretion of livestock, litter, grass, vegetable debris, organic refuse, sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Enables continuous fermentation process can be performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the test equipment.    fermenter (1)    cover (3)    cover (4)    stirring blades (5)    gas outlet (6)
NOVELTY - A pump (3) supplies mixture of air and unused hydrogen-rich heating gas which is ejected from a fuel cell, from a mixing unit (2), to combustion portion (11a) of combustion and evaporation unit (11) which evaporates a fuel using heat produced by combusting a portion of the fuel.    USE - For use in motor vehicles and houses, for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since the mixture of air and unused heating gas is supplied to the combustion portion, by a pump, the mixture is supplied stably at a preset pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    mixing unit (2)    pump (3)    combustion and evaporation unit (11)    combustion portion (11a)    evaporation portion (11b)
NOVELTY - The roller bearing (300) in the pumping machine of a fuel cell system, is sealed by mixed grease containing fluorine group grease obtained by reacting base oil, such as fluorine oil and thickening agent, such as fluororesin, and another grease other than fluorine group grease. The fuel cell system comprises a pumping machine and a fuel cell stack.    USE - For pumping machine of fuel cell system (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The roller bearing has favorable heat resistance and water resistance, and provides fuel cell system having high durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) pumping machine of fuel cell; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the roller bearing.    roller bearing (300)    inner ring (301)    outer ring (302)    holder (303)    ball (304)    seal (305)
NOVELTY - A controller (12) outputs a timing signal with respect to determined expire date of battery. A voltage reduction detector (13) monitors the battery voltage continuously by decrementing count value setup based on the determined upper and lower limits of battery voltages. The voltage reduction is output when the timing signal is received after the detection frequency is reduced.    USE - For monitoring working condition of gas fitting using town gas and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG).    ADVANTAGE - The voltage reduction determination is reliably performed, by simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the gas-supply interrupter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    battery use time determination unit (10)    battery expiration data setting unit (11)    battery time controller (12)    voltage reduction detector (13)    display unit (14)
NOVELTY - A novel nano-sized carbon particle has a core-shell structure. The structure contains an amorphous group carbon or a turbostratic-structure carbon shell surrounding a crystalline group carbon core. The core contains graphite having shape of fingerprint-form or analogous concentric-circle form of graphite crystal.    USE - For lithium ion battery electrode, electrical double layer capacitor electrode, occlusion of hydrogen, natural gas, methane gas, methane halide or lithium petroleum gas, electrolyte film used for solid polymeric fuel cell, collector, battery carbon, heat generator, heat insulating material, abrasive film, sliding agent, catalyst support, enzyme support, biosensor support, iron manufacture, steel manufacture, aerospace, electric machine, electronic machine, battery, pharmaceutical and medical treatment field, civil engineering construction, environmental engineering, integrated circuit chip, integrated circuit memory, integrated circuit card, optical switching device, polishing of abrasive film, hard disc substrate, hard disc head, optical fiber end phase, and optical component.    ADVANTAGE - The novel carbon particle is manufactured economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of novel nano-sized carbon particle. A partial dehydrochlorination of nano-sized polyvinylidene chloride of water dispersion group, or its copolymer, is carried out using an alkali. The polymer is separated, dried and heated at 350-1500degreesC under inert gas or vacuum atmosphere, to obtain carbon particle.
NOVELTY - An air flow meter (10) is arranged at the middle position of an air supply pipe (19) which connects an air cleaner (6) and an air pump.    USE - For measuring quantity of air supplied to fuel cell which is mounted in motor vehicles for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniformly supplying air to the fuel cell, by arranging the air flow meter at the suitable position in the air supply pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of arrangement structure of the flow meter .    air cleaner (6)    air flow meter (10)    air supply pipe (19)    rubber duct (21,22)    inlet (23)
NOVELTY - The inorganic dielectric grains (4) are filled between ground electrodes (3) and high-voltage electrodes (2) in a plasma processing space (A). The inorganic dielectric plates (5) are provided between ground electrode and inorganic dielectric grains and between high-voltage electrode and inorganic dielectric grains. The inorganic dielectric grains and plates contain ferroelectric substances and have different dielectric constants.    USE - Treatment and decomposition of waste gas containing volatile organic compounds (VOC) emitted from industries, using plasma.    ADVANTAGE - Waste gas treatment is efficiently performed and generation of harmful byproducts like nitrogen oxides is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for plasma processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of the cylindrical plasma reactor.    high-voltage electrodes (2)    ground electrodes (3)    inorganic dielectric grains (4)    inorganic dielectric plates (5)    plasma processing space (A)
NOVELTY - The middle space (32) between incidental circuit accommodation space (26) and gas sensor retaining space (14), has ventilation holes (34) for diluting gas produced in the space (26), before ejection of gas outside the middle space.    USE - Gas detector for detecting poisonous gas produced from metal-oxide semiconductor in printed circuit board.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents penetration of poisonous gas into the gas sensor retaining space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas detection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of gas detector.    gas sensor (6)    gas sensor retaining space (14)    incidental circuit accommodation space (26)    middle space (32)    ventilation holes (34)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing an electrolyte film (10) with polymer having sodium-ion exchange function, for contacting an anode (11) to a cathode (12), in an aqueous solution of sodium compound. By applying direct current (DC) voltage to the anode and the cathode, the carbon dioxide in sludge digestion gas from scrubber (15), is formed as carbonate on the cathode, and hydrogen gas is generated.    USE - In gas treating system (claimed) such as water treatment system, for treating sludge-digestion gas containing carbon dioxide ejected from diesel engine and foodstuff industry, to remove hydrogen gas which is used in generation of fuel used for fuel cell and gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - The removal of carbon-dioxide and hydrogen gas can be performed effectively and efficiently, at less cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sludge digestion gas contains carbon dioxide and water content. The scrubber contains droplets of water or sodium hydroxide aqueous solution. The aqueous solution of carbonate generated from the cathode side, is used as pH regulator in the nitrification process of water treatment, and is used as sodium ion source substance.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) gas treatment equipment; and gas treating system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the water treatment system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas treatment equipment (1)    electrolyte film (10)    anode (11)    cathode (12)    scrubber (15)
NOVELTY - A polyol composition comprises polyether or polyester polyols and a blowing agent. The blowing agent comprises formic acid. The polyol comprises an aromatic polyoxyalkylene polyol based on an initiator obtained from the condensation of a phenol with an aldehyde.    USE - The polyol composition is used for preparing a polyisocyanate-based foam by bringing together under foam-forming conditions a polyisocyanate with a polyol composition. It is also used for laminates (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invented polyol composition has attractive flame retardant and reduced smoke generation characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a multicomponent system for the preparation of rigid polyisocyanate-based foam comprising a first component an aromatic polyisocyanate, and a second component a polyol composition; and    (2) a process for preparing a polyisocyanate-based foam which comprises bringing together under foam-forming conditions, a polyisocyanate with a polyol composition.
NOVELTY - A reactor holds a biomass charge that breaks down to methane for the generation of electricity. The reactor is a fermentation hose (1) and a container (10) with a gas storage bag (5). The assembly has a second container (11) with a gas-fuelled piston engine (7) and a generator (8) for heat and energy recovery. The assembly further has a control unit to regulate operation and grid network feed (9).    USE - Used for biomass gas fermentation with electricity generator.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly is suitable for rapid relocation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermentation hose outer layer is polyethylene. The upper section of the gas collection system (2) has two heating registers. Two flexible polyethylene heating pipes are located within the fermenting biomass. The gas bags are made of polyethylene foil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the fermentation hose.    fermentation hose (1)    gas collector system (2)    heater feed (3)    heating return system (4)    biogas (12)    warm water feed (13)    warm water return (14)
NOVELTY - The unit has a stack of fuel cell elements (6) with electrically conducting end plates (8,10). The housing (4) has insulation (16) against the generated heat energy. Fuel in the form of natural or other gas is circulated through the fuel cell stack. Air also enters through perforations (38) in the end plates. Cathode exhaust gas exits through outlets (86).    USE - Fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improved technology.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of the fuel cell structure.    Fuel cell elements (6)    Conducting plates (8,10)    Housing (4)    Insulation (16)    Perforations (38)    Exhausts (86)
NOVELTY - Treatment of a biomass involves (1) feeding the biomass into a reactor held at above 374degreesC and above 22.1 MPa and containing supercritical water such that the biomass is mixed with the reaction product in the reactor; and (2) transferring the reactor contents to a second reactor held at at least22.1 MPa and at a temperature above that in the first reactor such that contact of the material from the first reactor with the contents of the second reactor is avoided.    USE - In de-gassing biomasses.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of coke and tar is suppressed and a high yield of hydrogen is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an embodiment of the biomass de-gassing process.    stirred vessel as first reactor (1)    heater (2)    stirrer (3)    biomass (4)    tubular (second) reactor (5)    cooler (6)    phase separator (7)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has at least two gas distribution plates (1) joined with a membrane to form a membrane-electrode arrangement, whereby reaction gases are fed in and out via ports (3,4) to/from the reaction region (12) on the plates. The gas distribution plates are in the form of profile parts with profiles in the form of sealing elements (5) in the port regions.    USE - E.g. for use in modern vehicles for traction purposes.    ADVANTAGE - Has a separator that substantially overcomes certain disadvantages of conventional arrangements, e.g. the possibility of a plate for guaranteeing a gas flow bending or breaking, and has additional advantages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective representation of part of a bipolar gas distribution plate for an inventive fuel cell    gas distribution plate (1)    ports (3,4)    reaction region (12)    sealing element (5)    seal interruption (10)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack (1) has at least one bipolar plate (1.1) forming a flow field with at least one associated supply channel (2) for a liquid and/or a gas. The supply channel has flow connections to several flow channels (1.2) in the flow fields. At least one flow control element (2.1) is arranged inside the supply channel and is associated with at least one flow field and/or the flow channel.    USE - For controlled media guidance in gas and liquid ports.    ADVANTAGE - Guarantees optimal incident flow of the flow fields.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a bipolar plate with supply channels    fuel cell stack (1)    bipolar plate/flow field (1.1)    supply channel (2)    flow channel (1.2)    flow control element (2.1)
NOVELTY - Desulfurization of propane stream including water, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and sulfur compounds, comprises contacting the stream with an activated carbon or zeolite; contacting the stream with an alumina catalyst for hydrolyzing carbonyl sulfide to hydrogen sulfide; and contacting the stream at an elevated temperature with zinc oxide or iron oxide bed.    USE - For desulfurizing a propane stream.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces the sulfur content of high mass hydrocarbons such as propane. It has high sulfur removal, while minimizing the volume of catalyst that would be necessary in a single stage desulfurization process. By maximizing the low temperature sulfur adsorption and hydrolysis, the zinc oxide (ZnO) bed required for high temperature desulfurization is more compact, efficient and simple in design (i.e. no need to add hydrogen, H2) and may run for a longer period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a reactor for desulfurizing a propane stream, comprising three beds, the first bed (12) comprising activated carbon or zeolite, the second bed (14) comprising a catalyst for hydrolyzing carbonyl sulfide to hydrogen sulfide, and the third bed (18) comprising a metal oxide for adsorbing hydrogen sulfide; and heater for heating the third bed, or alternatively heating the gas stream before entering the third bed, where the gas stream enters the reactor into the first bed, from the first bed into the second bed and finally through the third bed before exiting the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of the inventive method.    Beds (12, 14, 18)    Heat exchanger (16)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen membrane reactor comprises reforming zone (3), combustion zone (5) and membrane (4). Feed (1) containing water and carbon-containing material, is subjected to reforming reaction in zone (3) to produce hydrogen. Produced hydrogen is combusted in zone (5) to produce heat and energy. Portion(s) of heat and energy are utilized to produce electricity. Membrane separates zones (3,5), permeates hydrogen and transmits heat.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen for electric power generation, and carbon dioxide for enhanced recovery mechanism in oil wells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen membrane reactor enables efficient electric power generation. Carbon dioxide product stream produced from the reactor enables sequestering carbon from the earth atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for generation of power using the hydrogen membrane reactor. Carbon containing feed, and water and/or steam are supplied to a reformer side of the membrane reactor. The supplied raw materials are reacted within the reforming zone and proximate to membrane to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide. A substantial portion of hydrogen is permeated through the membrane to the combustion zone. At least a portion of the permeated hydrogen is combusted at or proximate to the membrane, and a portion of heat is transmitted from combustion zone to reforming zone through the membrane for use in further reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of heat exchange membrane reactor.    feed (1)    reforming zone (3)    membrane (4)    combustion zone (5)    compressed air (8)    effluent (9)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen-rich gas comprises contacting a carbon monoxide containing gas with a water gas shift (WGS) catalyst in the presence of water at less than 260 degreesC. The WGS catalyst comprises platinum, ruthenium, and/or their oxides; and sodium and/or its oxides.    USE - For producing a hydrogen-rich gas, e.g. hydrogen-rich syngas useful, e.g. in methanol synthesis, ammonia synthesis, oxoaldehyde synthesis from olefins, hydrogenation and carbonylation.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst exhibits both high activity and selectivity to hydrogen generation and carbon monoxide oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel processing system for generation of a hydrogen-rich gas from a hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon fuel, comprising fuel reformer for converting a fuel reactant stream comprising a hydrocarbon or a substituted hydrocarbon fuel to a reformed product stream comprising carbon monoxide and water, the fuel reformer having an inlet for receiving the reactant stream, a reaction chamber for converting the reactant stream to the product stream, and an outlet for discharging the product stream; water gas shift reactor for effecting a water gas shift reaction at less than 260 degrees C, and comprising an inlet for receiving a WGS feed stream comprising CO and water from the product stream of the fuel reformer, a reaction chamber comprising a water gas shift catalyst for generating hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the water gas shift feed stream, and an outlet for discharging the hydrogen-rich gas; and temperature controller for maintaining the temperature of the reaction chamber of the WGS reactor at less than 300 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A platinum-free water gas shift catalyst comprises ruthenium and/or its oxides; cobalt, molybdenum, and/or their oxides; and lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, titanium, zirconium, chromium, iron, lanthanum, cerium, europium, and/or their oxides.    USE - Used in producing hydrogen-rich gas, e.g. hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is expensive and exhibits both high activity and selectivity to hydrogen generation and carbon monoxide oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) the production of hydrogen-rich gas by reacting carbon monoxide-containing gas with a water gas shift catalyst in the presence of water at not more than 450degreesC; and    (b) a fuel processing system for generation of hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a fuel reformer having an inlet for receiving a fuel reactant stream containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon fuel, a reaction chamber for converting the reactant stream to a reformed product stream containing carbon monoxide and water, and an outlet for discharging the product stream; a water gas shift reactor for effecting a water gas shift reaction at less than 450degrees, and including an inlet for receiving a water gas shift feed stream comprising carbon monoxide and water, a reaction chamber comprising a water gas shift catalyst for generating hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the water gas shift feed stream, and an outlet for discharging the resulting hydrogen-rich gas; and a temperature controller for maintaining the temperature of the reaction chamber of water gas shift reactor at less than 450degreesC.
NOVELTY - A noble metal-free water gas shift catalyst comprises nickel; and germanium, cadmium, indium, tin, antimony, tellurium, lead, and/or their oxides.    USE - For use in producing hydrogen-rich gas.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables efficient and economical production of hydrogen-rich gas. The catalyst exhibits both high activity and selectivity to hydrogen generation and carbon monoxide oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) production of hydrogen-rich gas by reacting carbon monoxide-containing gas (e.g. synthesis gas) with the above noble metal-free water gas shift catalyst in the presence of water at not more than 450 degrees C; and    (b) a fuel processing system for generation of hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a fuel reformer having an inlet for receiving a fuel reactant stream containing hydrocarbon or substituted hydrocarbon fuel, a reaction chamber for converting the reactant stream to a reformed product stream containing carbon monoxide and water, and an outlet for discharging the product stream; a water gas shift reactor for effecting a water gas shift reaction at less than 450 degrees C, and including an inlet for receiving a water gas shift feed stream comprising carbon monoxide and water, a reaction chamber comprising a water gas shift catalyst for generating hydrogen and carbon dioxide from the water gas shift feed stream, and an outlet for discharging the resulting hydrogen-rich gas; and a temperature controller for maintaining the temperature of the reaction chamber of water gas shift reactor at less than 450 degrees C.
NOVELTY - The anode (2) and the cathode (3) sandwich the membrane electrolyte. A controller (7) regulates the moisture content within the incoming gases through the dedicated humidifiers (4,5) based on the ambient temperature, in the post-switch off period.    USE - Used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - It ensures that post-switch off restart of a fuel cell-stack is not hampered because of intra-cell water freezing at very low ambient temperature. Under colder ambient conditions, remnant water within fuel cells can freeze, printing cell startup. Likewise a dry-out of cell membrane is also unacceptable, during startup. Present innovation addresses both these contingencies.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell.    stack of fuel cells (1,50)    anode (2)    cathode (3)    dedicated humidifiers (4,5)    controller (7)    ambient temperature sensor (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves flowing a gas stream from a dispensing cylinder to a receiving cylinder. The gas stream flow is stopped when a pressure differential falls to a value and another gas stream is flown when the pressure differential falls again to the value, the flow is stopped and a third gas stream is flown into the latter cylinder till the pressure in the latter cylinder has increased to a value by an intensifier (200).    USE - Used for filling the storage cylinder with hydrogen gas in fuel cell vehicle e.g. truck and trailer or in pressure vessel.    ADVANTAGE - The method with increasing number of dispensing stages reduces the pressure drop associated with dispensing from each cylinder. The intensifier is sized smaller to operate more slowly and with low power consumption thereby reducing the installation and operating costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas dispensing system for filling a receiving cylinder with gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the first stage of a gas distribution system using a powered intensifier.    Gas distribution system (100)    Receiving cylinders (110)    Pressure transducer(121) Control valve (111)    Transfer line (131)    Intensifier (200)
NOVELTY - A heating gas of preset pressure is supplied to a fuel cell system (1) equipped with reformer (11) which adds and modifies water vapor to the heating gas, to obtain hydrogen. The heating gas is a liquid of heating gas of pressure which is pressure-reduced to preset pressure, rather than gas which is filled and stored in closed-type pressurized container (51) in which exchange or replenishment of contents are carried out.    USE - For supplying heating gas such as liquefied petroleum gas and dimethyl ether for producing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The method is suitable for adjusting high pressure to favorable pressure for reacting with water vapor in modifier without using pressure regulation equipment. The consumption of heating gas required for the billing information is easily measured by counting the turnover rate of the gas cylinder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for heating gas supply apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of heating gas supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    heating gas supply apparatus (5)    modifier (11)    closed type pressurized container (51)    pressure regulator (53)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon modifying catalyst comprises a spinel compound consisting of three types of different metals (A-C).    USE - For hydrocarbon degrading apparatus used in modifier for fuel cells (both claimed), for modifying hydrocarbon such as paraffins, cycloparaffins, olefins and cycloolefins, especially isooctane and methane, in steam reforming process, and for manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon modifying catalyst is highly effective in modifying hydrocarbon, and is inexpensive. The catalyst has easy handleability, excellent durability, long life and stable activity for longer duration.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrocarbon degrading apparatus, which uses the catalyst; and    (2) modifier for fuel cells, which consists of the hydrocarbon degrading apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the X-ray diffraction spectrum of catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Several plate-shaped stirring blades (19,20) are attached in a horizontal rotary shaft (13) in a fermentation treatment tank (1). The front end of the blades are bent in mutually opposing direction at an angle of 90degrees with respect to the rotary shaft.    USE - For aerobic fermentation of organic sludge such as sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient stirring of the organic sludge by the stirring blades. Ensures efficient fermentation of the sludge by uniform supply of compressed air. Enables easy and simple detachment of the stirring blades. The maintenance and repair of the processing apparatus are simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring blades are fixed to the rotary shaft with a bolt and a nut such that the bent portions are set at 180degrees with respect to the rotary shaft in the reverse side. A pneumatic piping (18) is connected to a compressor through an automatic shut-off valve (17). The compressed air is supplied to the bottom portion of the fermentation tank through the air supply openings (16) which are formed in the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical sectional view of the aerobic fermentation apparatus.    fermentation treatment tank (1)    rotary shaft (13)    air supply openings (16)    shut-off valves (17)    pneumatic piping (18)    stirring blades (19,20)
NOVELTY - A water supply mechanism (3) supplies water to a cooling roll (2) to cool soil (M2) heat processed in a dry drum (1). A storage unit (4) stores additive for supplying to the processed soil through the cooling roll. A container (8) stores the soil temporarily, before transporting the soil (M3) mixed with additive agent.    USE - For processing contaminated soil into useful soil for horticulture.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to change contaminated soil into useful soil without contacting air and without being influenced by rainfall and snow. Enables bioremediation of the soil in the soil ejection location, without the need for a separate building.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for control system of commercializing processed soil, which involves memory unit to store information relative to the soil stored in the containers. The order from the user is receive through a network. The cost required for transporting of the soil by land to the user is calculated. The soil conditions coinciding with the order is selected from the cheapest container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the contaminated-soil processing apparatus.    dry drum (1)    cooling roll (2)    water supply mechanism (3)    storage unit (4)    container (8)    heat-processed soil (M1)    additive-agent mixed soil (M3)
NOVELTY - A reaction tank (2) is divided into the outer and inner tanks (21,22) by a partition plate (24) formed with several holes (23). A stirring blade (25) driven by magnetic force from the outer side of the tank, is arranged in the inner tank. The bio-ball (10) with microorganisms and nutrient (11) for proliferation of microorganisms, are supplied to outer and inner tanks, respectively.    USE - The apparatus is useful for manufacturing deodorizing liquid used in stock raising industry, homes, compost factory, sewage works, incineration plant, fisheries, zoo.    ADVANTAGE - Required amount of deodorizing liquid is easily produced using simple apparatus at low cost. The storage and conveyance of the bio-ball are enabled easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A discharge pipe (4) with a valve, ejects the deodorizing liquid (13) from the inner tank.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for deodorizing liquid manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the deodorizing liquid manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reaction tank (2)    Discharge pipe (4)    Bio-ball (10)    Nutrient (11)    Deodorizing liquid (13)    Outer and inner tanks (21,22)    Holes (23)    Partition plate (24)    Stirring blade (25)
NOVELTY - The gas treatment equipment includes an electrolyte film interposed between anode to which sodium hydroxide aqueous solution is supplied and cathode to which the sludge-digestion gas is passed. When the voltage is applied between the electrodes, the carbon dioxide in the sludge-digestion gas is converted into carbonate.    USE - Gas turbine power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The power generation is performed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of gas turbine power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sludge-digestion tank (1)    methane concentration detector (2)    gas turbine (3)
NOVELTY - The battery (10) has a fresh air intake (34) which forbids an exit/entry of moisture content in an electric power generator (30) and permits outer air into electric power generator.    USE - Battery for light source of endoscope installed in patient room.    ADVANTAGE - Enables continuous lighting of the light source for long time without interrupting endoscope observation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the battery.    light source (9)    battery (10)    fuel storage unit (20)    electric power generator (30)    fresh air intake (34)
NOVELTY - A fuel storage tank (20) stores and replenishes the fuel used as raw material for generating hydrogen gas. An electric power generation unit (30) generates electric power using the fuel flowing from the fuel storage tank. A transparent wall (23) is provided at the outer side of the fuel storage tank, for viewing the residual amount of the fuel in the tank.    USE - Battery for light source of portable endoscope used for performing endoscopy of bed-ridden patients.    ADVANTAGE - Enables recognizing the residual amount of the fuel visually, thus replenishing the fuel at suitable timing, without interrupting the endoscope observation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the battery.    operating unit (2)    housing (11)    fuel storage tank (20)    transparent wall (23)    electric power generation unit (30)
NOVELTY - The radial structural carbon nanofibers (r-CNF) has graphene layers (6) arranged in parallel around the shaft (7) of the nanofiber, forming a cylindrical structure.    USE - For occlusion of hydrogen or methane.    ADVANTAGE - Occludes hydrogen and methane effectively. Improves storage capacity and discharge efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) manufacturing method of radial structural carbon nanofiber; and    (b) hydrogen or methane occlusion method of carbon nanofiber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the radial carbon nanofiber.    graphene layer (6)    shaft (7)
NOVELTY - Plastic decomposing microbe or its mutant belonging to Paenibacillus genus, is new.    USE - The microbe is useful for decomposing plastic having ester bond, polyurethane, polylactic acid, polybutylene succinate, polybutylene succinate-co-adipate or polyethylene succinate (claimed), and is also used in biological waste treatment method.    ADVANTAGE - The microbes effectively biodegrades plastic without causing harm to the natural environment. Plastics are effectively recycled, and compost or fertilizer of soil is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for plastic decomposition method, which involves contacting the microbes or its mutant with plastic.
NOVELTY - An inner container (3) arranged within an outer container (2) provided with a lid (4), is divided into specimen storage chamber (6) and air chamber (7) by a partition plate (9) with multiple holes (11) for supplying outer air into the storage chamber, so that the specimen is decomposed using the microorganism. A discharge port (5) is connected to the storage chamber, to eject exhaust gas from the storage chamber.    USE - For simulation decomposition treatment of excrement of livestock such as pig, cow, and also for organic refuse such as food residue, food processing waste material, biodegradable plastics.    ADVANTAGE - The decompose treatment effect of the excrement of livestock waste is effectively and easily confirmed using the microorganism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The partition plate is supported by the leg (10), to maintain it at preset distance from the bottom face of the inner container. The specimen contains biomass, and also excrement of livestock.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a decomposition treatment simulation apparatus.    Outer container (2)    Inner container (3)    Lid (4)    Discharge port (5)    Storage chamber (6)    Air chamber (7)    Partition plate (9)    Holes (11).
NOVELTY - Materials contaminated by cyanogen and/or by cyanogen containing compounds are moistened until the correct pH is set and necessary decontamination compounds are prepared. The contaminated material is layered into stacks for composting. Stacks are homogenized after 4-5 days and covered by black foil. Temperatures and moisture are checked continuously while fermentation takes place. Conditions are adjusted, when needed. A caramellization process follows and its parameters are monitored and optionally adjusted. Finally decontaminated materials are sited.    USE - Used to render cyanogen contaminated materials harmless.
NOVELTY - Biological purification of waste-water effluents is based on a principle of total oxidation of contaminants. This is achieved by periodical addition to the incoming effluent predetermined quantities of inoculating agents, i.e.: enzymes producing aerobic microorganisms, especially bacteria. Inoculated effluents are periodically homogenised by forced circulation and intensively aerated to be lead away by gravitation and undergoing further aeration by blown air. Following this they are subjected to anoxyc detoxication; especially denitrification. Residual organic matter is removed by auto-oxidation. This is assisted by intensive micro-bubble aeration. This treatment is continued until at least a lower, permitted organic matter level is reached. An installation for carrying out these tasks contains at least one treatment unit (KE) having a group of treatment tanks (1,2,3,4,5,6). Tank (1) is complete with an effluent receiving element (11) and a reclosable service aperture (17) for periodical introduction of inocula containing enzymes generating aerobic microorganisms, especially bacteria. At least the first three tanks (1,2,3) placed in the effluent flow direction have bubbles forming implements (18,28,38) for starting and maintaining aeration. Intensive microbubble aerators (59,69) are associated with at least two of the last tanks. A sludge pump (81) placed in at least the second treatment tank (2) is preferably controlled by a floating interrupter switch.
NOVELTY - The transmission system is fitted into a closed tube (28) on which the agitators (18) are mounted in bearings. The free end (30) remote from the motor (24) is closed. It is supported detachably in a plug-in support (32) inside the vessel.    USE - A biomass- or sludge stirrer used in waste water treatment plant and digester tanks.    ADVANTAGE - The stirrer is bodily-removable as a module, complete with the motor drive. This greatly facilitates maintenance and replacement, because there is no need to empty the tank, and a working unit can be installed rapidly, whilst the failed unit is sent for workshop repairs. Treatment availability of the digester is kept high. The danger of explosive sludge gases in the empty tank is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tube is angled downwardly in the tank (10) and the support is fixed to one wall (34). The tube has a quadrilateral cross section. The tube can be pulled out from a sealed opening (36) in the wall of the tank, which is opposite the support. The opening is closed by a cover. The motor is fastened detachably to the tube and the transmission system employs a chain drive or a toothed wheel drive. Each stirrer is connected by an angled drive with the transmission system. Angular positions of the stirrer blades (20) forming the agitators, can be adjusted individually through the transmission system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section of the installation is presented.    tank (10)    agitators (18)    stirrer blades (20)    motor (24)    closed tube (28)    free end (30)    plug-in support (32)    wall (34)    sealed opening (36)
NOVELTY - Energy-efficient, two-step process for production of hydrogen fuel gas.    USE - The method is used to produce hydrogen for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The process does not require external energy for the first step, so is more energy-efficient than the known Linde method for electrolysis of water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Energy-efficient, two-step process for production of hydrogen fuel gas (designated the Hamburg method) comprises:    (1) chemical reaction of sodium with water to produce sodium hydroxide and hydrogen, which is released, and    (2) electrolysis of the NaOH solution to form sodium and hydroxy, forming a detonating gas mixture that is released and used for current generation, from the chemical reaction of two hydroxy to water and an oxygen atom.
NOVELTY - Installation for treating biological pollution in treatment/conditioning systems for industrial water, particularly circulating or cooling water, is new.    USE - The method is used to control growth of contaminating microorganisms (biofilms) in water-recycle systems.    ADVANTAGE - The method eliminates, or at least reduces, the need for toxic chemical biocides; is very safe; improves heat exchange by elimination of biofilms; and also reduces consumption of antiscaling and anticorrosion agents, since the heat-exchange surfaces are more easily accessible. The biofilter can be cleaned by back-washing and is transportable, facilitating its exchange if microbial growth exceeds its capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Installation for treating biological pollution in treatment/conditioning systems for industrial water, particularly circulating or cooling water. The system includes an evaporative condenser or cooling tower (1) and heat exchanger (2) and, the new feature, a fixed biological culture filter (4) in a side loop on the water-recycle circuit (3). A fraction of the circulating water passes through (4) where microbial nutrients are eliminated, and the treated water is returned to the circuit, generally upstream of (2).
NOVELTY - The production of agricultural waste based phytase by solid-state fermentation comprises industrial animal food preparation through increase in the contact surface area of the substrate with the microorganism cells. Thus e.g. coffee, rice and sugar cane and Aspergilius fungus are treated in bioreactors under controlled conditions.    USE - In biochemistry.
NOVELTY - Preparing a liquid composition for application to soil and/or foliage comprising adding 15-60 %w/v saccharide to a mixture of starter culture comprising sample of soil microorganisms, nutrient and energy sources, is new.    USE - The inventive method is useful in the preparation of a liquid composition for application to soil and/or foliage (claimed). The liquid composition is also used in commercial crops or market gardens on a small scale or in large-scale agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method can provide a liquid composition which decreases or avoids the requirement for chemical fertilizers, pesticides and/or fungicides. The liquid composition may be diluted as desired and applied to the plant(s) and/or soil of choice.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of a liquid composition for application to soil and/or foliage, comprises providing a starter culture comprising a sample of soil microorganisms. The starter culture is added with water and nutrient(s) and/or energy source, and the mixture is allowed to incubate. The culture, nutrient and energy sources are mixed in a mixing tank. The mixture is transferred to an open tank. Compost based nutrients are added to the mixture. The mixture is aerated while maintaining the mixture within a predetermined temperature range. At least one additional nutrient and energy source are introduced to the open tank and the mixture is allowed to incubate further. The mixture is added with 15-60 %w/v saccharide.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises a cell plate (11) with a supporting body and a cell (39) including a solid electrolyte layer with cathode layer (45) on one surface and an anode layer (41) on the other surface, an electro-conductive gas separator (13) co-operating with the cell plate to form the gas passage and a holder member (15) to hold the cell plate.    USE - For generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The holding force by the holding member does not affect on the cell including the solid electrolyte layer, thus allows to restrict the affection on the electrolyte layer and prevents deterioration of the electric-power generating ability. It is unnecessary for the solid electrolyte layer to have an excessive strength, enabling to thin the cell, so that the heat capacity and weight of the cell are reduced. The fixing portion of the cell plate is separated from the electrolyte layer, thus effect of thermal expansion on the sealed portion of the cell plate is reduced and this keeps the gas sealability over a long period of time. In the cell, only water is conveyed into the air side, so that the system is simplified without affecting the environment and human body and without requiring catalyst treatment of the exhaust gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of the fuel cell showing inner structure of the cell viewed from direction perpendicular to stacking direction of the cell.    cell plate (11)    gas separator (13)    holder member (15)    cell (39)    anode layer (41)    cathode layer. (45)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon-containing gas is supplied to a desulfurizing layer comprising desulfurizing agents (A, B), to remove a sulfur compound contained in the hydrocarbon-containing gas. The desulfurizing agent (A) contains zeolite. The desulfurizing agent (B) contains a metal atom, a metal oxide and/or a metallic component supported with an oxide.    USE - Used for the manufacture of hydrogen (claimed) used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Sulfur compounds of different type contained in hydrocarbon-containing gas are removed to low concentration with favorable efficiency at room temperature, using raw material gas having low concentration of carbonyl sulfide. Hydrogen is manufactured efficiently and economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a hydrocarbon-containing gas containing 0.1 weight ppm or less of carbonyl sulfide; and    (2) the manufacture of hydrogen which involves removing sulfur contained in hydrocarbon-containing gas, and contacting gas with partial-oxidation reforming catalyst, self-thermal reforming catalyst or steam reforming catalyst.
NOVELTY - Removal of sulfur compounds from gases containing hydrocarbons is carried out using catalysts (I) (other than activated carbon or zeolites) containing one or more of copper, silver, zinc, molybdenum, iron, cobalt and/or nickel, at -50 to +150degreesC and 0.1-10 bars.    USE - Typically hydrogen sulfide, carbon oxysulfide, carbon disulfide, mercaptans, disulfides or odorous sulfur compounds added to gas for safety reasons (e.g. tetrahydrothiophene, ethyl mercaptan, n-butyl mercaptan and/or tert. butyl mercatan) are removed from natural gas, domestic gas, biogas or liquefied petroleum gas (especially natural gas). The use of the process is claimed in the production of sulfur-free hydrocarbon gases for the preparation of hydrogen, especially hydrogen for driving fuel cells. The use of the new catalysts (I') for removal of sulfur compounds from gases containing hydrocarbons is independently claimed. (I') are especially used in fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I)/(I') remove all of the sulfur compounds harmful to the operation of fuel cells in a single stage. (I) (unlike zeolites) do not absorb higher hydrocarbons (such as benzene or toluene), so that the removal of sulfur compounds is not affected by the presence of such hydrocarbons.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for new catalysts (I'), comprising 1-99.8 wt. % copper, silver, zinc, molybdenum, iron, cobalt and/or nickel and 0.2-99 wt. % oxides of Group IIB, IIIB, IVB, VIB, VIII, IIIA or IVA elements, which are solid at least up to 250degreesC.
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon fuel is hydrogenated by partly filling a receptacle with an aqueous solution containing sodium hydroxide; introducing the hydrocarbon fuel inside the receptacle atop the aqueous solution; introducing aluminum in the aqueous solution, thus producing hydrogen gas; and bubbling the hydrogen gas through the hydrocarbon fuel.    USE - For hydrogenating a hydrocarbon fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The invention generates hydrogen gas using a simple and economical reaction that can be started at room temperature and carried out safely by ordinary persons not having a formal education in chemistry and chemical processes. It is carried out at room temperature and produces large quantities of heat and hydrogen gas at high purity. It is easily connected to the fuel lines of engines and burners to hydrogenate petroleum fuels. It is also advantageous for cleaning the hydrogen gas of any water vapor and condensate as these impurities are filtered out through the fuel layer. The hydrogen gas floating through the fuel layer is relatively clean.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for hydrogenating a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising a receptacle (22); an aqueous solution introducing mechanism to introduce an aqueous solution in the receptacle and to maintain the solution at a level; an aluminum introducing mechanism to introduce aluminum inside the receptacle below the level; and a floating and circulating mechanism to float and circulate the hydrocarbon fuel inside the receptacle above the level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a side view of an energy production apparatus or a hydrogen generator.    Receptacle (22)    Clean out bung (30)    Burner plate (60)    Water filter (72)    Check valve (74)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a reactant gas accumulator (30) in fluid communication with a reactant gas manifold of a fuel cell (16). A reactant gas source (12) is in fluid communication with an inlet manifold (24) of the cell. The inlet and outlet manifolds (24, 28) are in fluid communication across an electrode of the cell. A pressure regulator (18) and a control valve (20) are placed between the gas source and the manifold (24).    USE - Used for managing water within a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system supplies a reactant gas stream at a flow rate that exceeds the rate of reactant consumption within the fuel cell by an amount that results in a sufficiently high velocity through the fuel cell, thereby removing excess product water from an electrode of the cell without interrupting the operation of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for managing water within a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic process flow diagram of a fuel water management system during a filing or purging step.    Reactant gas source (12)    Fuel cell (16)    Pressure regulator (18)    Control valve (20)    Inlet manifold (24)    Outlet manifold (28)    Reactant gas accumulator (30)
NOVELTY - The power plant (10) has a compressor (12) driven by turbine (14). A recuperator (20) is in flow communication with compressor to transfer heat from turbine exhaust (52) to compressed air stream (50). A fuel cell (34) is in flow communication with recuperator to provide fresh air for fuel cell. The fuel cell has a cathode inlet (56) which is in flow communication with recuperator to receive compressed air.    USE - Used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The recuperator in the plant provides improved turbine structural cooling and temperature control of the fuel cell stack, while providing better overall plant performance. The plant avoids the complexity and costs of heat exchangers, while maintaining fuel stack at desired temperatures. Re-circulation of hot exhausted fuel via re-circulation flow path avoids external fuel heaters and re-introduces unspent fuel into fuel cell stack, thereby increasing fuel and thermodynamic efficiencies in the plant by reducing unwanted emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of integrating a gas turbine and fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of an integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant.    Fuel cell hybrid power plant (10)    Compressor (12)    Turbine (14)    Recuperator (20)    Fuel cell (34)    Compressed air stream (50)    Turbine exhaust stream (52)    Cathode inlet (56)
NOVELTY - The end unit (1) has an assembly (2) that comprises two units (2A, 2B) that provide flow path for fuel cell stack anode gas and fuel cell stack cathode exhaust gas. The assembly receives and conveys the two gases in a heat exchange relationship, outputs gases after heat is transferred from one gas to the other, and restricts electrical current flow from the stack to a current collection post.    USE - Used in a fuel cell stack that converts chemical energy stored in a fuel e.g. hydrogen, into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The current collection post is separated from the end cell of the stack and uniformly collects electrical current from the stack. The end unit immediately sweeps fuel gas leaks developed over the life of the unit, from the fuel stack, by the cathode outlet gas and thereby reduces the risk of a build-up of the mixture of gases within the fuel cell module. The end unit has openings that allow fuel cell process gas to be taken directly from the stack without requiring piping or ductwork. Separate chambers can be provided for both cathode and anode outlet gas, thereby allowing all process connections to be made at one end of the stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of a fuel cell stack end unit.    End unit (1)    Assembly (2)    Two units (2A, 2B)    Inlet chamber (18)    Outlet chamber (21)
NOVELTY - The method involves regulating relative amounts of a primary fuel e.g. anaerobic digester gas, and a secondary fuel e.g. natural gas. The fuels are mixed to provide a minimum level of hydrogen rich fuel having equivalent hydrogen content sufficient for normal operation of a fuel cell stack assembly (CSA). The delivery system then provides the hydrogen rich fuel to the CSA.    USE - Used for controlling the mixing of primary fuel e.g. anaerobic digester gas and a secondary fuel e.g. natural gas in a fuel delivery system for providing hydrogen-rich fuel to a fuel cell stack assembly of a fuel cell power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The mixing of primary and secondary fuels is regulated to provide minimum level of hydrogen rich fuel having equivalent hydrogen content sufficient for normal operation of the CSA, thereby providing an economical and constant mixing of fuels and assuring adequate performance of the CSA.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graphical depiction of methane and indirectly the equivalent hydrogen, contents and their variation with time, of a primary fuel e.g. anaerobic digester gas and a secondary fuel e.g. natural gas.
NOVELTY - The plant (10) has a fuel cell (34) with a cathode outlet in communication with the cathode inlet. The cell has an anode outlet in communication with a reformer (36) and the anode outlet. The compressed air is supplied along a recuperator (20) heated by a turbine exhaust. A tail gas burner combusts a mixture of cathode exhaust and reformed residual fuel, and directs combustion gases to the turbine.    USE - Used for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The burner combusts a mixture of cathode exhaust and reformed residual fuel, and directs combustion gases to the turbine, hence providing low cost plant with reduced emissions and increased thermodynamic efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of integrating a gas turbine and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an integrated fuel cell hybrid power plant.    Fuel cell hybrid power plant (10)    Recuperator (20)    Fuel cell stack (34)    Fuel reformer (36)    Fuel inlet (108)    Fuel outlet (110)
NOVELTY - The method involves injecting a dose of fuel into a mixing chamber (310) and waiting for a predetermined time. The time is one of fixed, incremental, linear, and non linear and parametric. The pulse generator (380) provides the fuel dose pulses separated by predetermined time. The dose of fuel injected into the chamber is terminated after the concentration of fuel reaches a predetermined value.    USE - Used for controlling concentration of a fuel e.g. methanol, hydrogen and methane in a fuel cell e.g. direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel is injected with fuel dose pulses separated by predetermined time and terminated after the concentration of the fuel reaches a predetermined value, and hence provides controlled delivery of fuel during operation of a fuel cell device. The method gives the fuel cell system a time to mix for e.g. pure methanol into diluted fuel, thereby avoiding methanol overcharge in a DMFC. The method reduces the concentration variation of fuel in DMFC applications by two orders of magnitude.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for controlling a concentration of fuel in a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell delivery system in which fuel concentration controlling method is implemented.    Methanol fuel reservoir (300)    Mixing chamber (310)    Fuel cell assembly (320)    Fuel pump (330)    Pulse generator (380)
NOVELTY - Cooperating lateral cavities and locking tabs are distributed around the circumference of opposing flanges (10-15) of adjoining pairs of ring sections (2-5). The result is a bayonette joint (9) between the two ring sections which also prevents the latter from rotating relative to each other.    USE - For producing compost.    ADVANTAGE - The compost vessel can be easily assembled without the need for tools or fasteners.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost vessel (6) comprises a number of ring-shaped vessel sections made from plastic, a ventilated base plate (7) and a lid (8). The opposing flanges of the adjoining pairs of ring sections have lateral cavities and locking tabs distributed around their circumference. The width of these cavities varies and they combine with the tabs to form a bayonette joint between the adjacent ring sections, as well as creating a rotation-preventing snap-fit lock to keep at least one tab in a locking position. The joint is formed by inserting the tabs into cavities and twisting the ring sections relative to each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a vertical section of the compost vessel.    Plastic ring sections (2-5)    Compost vessel (6)    Ventilated base plate (7)    Lid (8)    Bayonette joint (9)    Flanges (10-15)
NOVELTY - Proposed method includes applying gas sensitive layer of chemically pure magnesium phthalocyanine no more than 15 nm in thickness on substrate made from devitrified glass and provided with raster electrodes made from anti-corrosive alloy; this layer is subjected to technological activation and alloying by air oxygen.    USE - Semiconductor sensory engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitated procedure; low cost.
NOVELTY - A method for preparing a human body-friendly effervescent styrene resin particle and a effervescent styrene resin particle prepared by the method are provided, to improve the stiffness and to reduce the content of remaining monomers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of adding a suspension stabilizer to water in a polymerization bath; adding a styrene monomer, 1,1-bis t-butylperoxy-3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane and t-amyl-2-ethylhexyl monoperoxycarbonate with stirring to the polymerization bath to polymerize them at a high temperature; and soaking a hydrocarbon having a low boiling point in the identical polymerization bath at a temperature lower than a softening point. Preferably the suspension stabilizer is tricalcium phosphate and/or hydroxyethyl cellulose; and the hydrocarbon having a low boiling point is pentane, butane or propane.
NOVELTY - Reactor/gas separator (103) receives aqueous hydride from tank (101) to produce oxide and hydrogen. A heat exchanger conducts heat from hydrogen to cooling water supplied to the fuel cell stack (109). A regenerator (117) produces hydride using the oxide and hydrogen from the tank (119). A controller (127) controls supply of water and hydrogen to the cell stack and regenerator based on temperature of the water.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of the cooling water is increased without consuming hydrogen during start up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydride tank (101)    reactor/gas separator (103)    fuel cell stack (109)    regenerator (117)    hydrogen tank (119)    valves (121,123,125)    controller (127)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell power-generating device comprises fuel modifier (2), fuel cell, reformed-gas steam separator (4) and water disposal unit. A hydrocarbon group original fuel (1) is reformed and heating gas is produced. Heating gas and oxidizing-agent gas are reacted, and electric power is generated. Heating gas is then cooled, and moisture content in the gas is condensed and separated. Condensed water is then ejected out of system.    USE - As fuel cell power-generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell power-generating device is economical, since the maintenance and driving cost of the device is decreased. The device eliminates problems, such as clogging by bacteria proliferation, in the presence of methanol contained in recycled water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell power-generating device comprises a fuel modifier (2), a fuel cell, a reformed-gas steam separator (4) and a water disposal unit. The separator (4) is provided at the upstream side of the fuel cell. A hydrocarbon group original fuel (1) is steam reformed in fuel modifier and hydrogen-rich heating gas is produced. The hydrogen-rich heating gas and oxidizing-agent gas are reacted electrochemically in the fuel cell, and electric power is generated. The heating gas is cooled and moisture content in the heating gas is condensed in the steam separator. The condensed water separated is ejected out of the system by water disposal unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel cell power-generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrocarbon group original fuel (1)    Fuel modifier (2)    Reformed-gas stream separator (4)    Condensed water tank (10)    Filter (14)
NOVELTY - The gas clathrate comprises a two layer structure of core and shell portions made of methane and propane hydrates (1,3) of different thickness. The physical condition for production of shell portion, is set flexible than condition for production of core portion.    USE - Gas clathrate.    ADVANTAGE - Stable gas clathrate is manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) gas clathrate manufacturing method involves supplying gas clathrate looser than predetermined gas used for manufacturing predetermined gas clathrate. The shell of the gas clathrate makes the gas guest molecule that is formed in the surroundings of the predetermined gas clathrate;    (2) gas clathrate storage method;    (3) gas clathrate storage apparatus; and    (4) gas clathrate manufacturing apparatus supplies gas clathrate looser than preset gas to storage tank storing predetermined gas clathrate as guest molecule. A control unit adjusts the pressure and temperature in the storage tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a explanatory drawing of the gas clathrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane hydrate (1)    propane hydrate (3)
NOVELTY - A regenerator heat exchanger (5) exchanges heat of natural gas (16) generated from a separator (7). A cryogenic cooling condenser (8) cools and separates natural gas from the heat exchanger and a pipeline supplies kerosene (17) to the condenser and heat exchanger. A drum (11) is provided to receive the kerosene from the condenser and to separate natural gas and kerosene.    USE - For generating natural gas from inclusion hydrate i.e. natural gas hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the adhesion of ice on the wall surface of the heat exchanger.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) natural gas generation method from inclusion hydrate; and    (2) heat exchanger in natural gas generator which has heat exchanger tube with nozzle at its upper end. The separated dispersion medium separated from the wall surface of natural gas side of the condenser is passed to the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the natural gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (1)    slurry booster pump (4)    regenerator heat exchanger (5)    heating decomposition device (6)    separator (7)    cryogenic cooling chamber (8)    KO drum (11)    natural gas (16)    kerosene (17)    water (18)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen currently contained in hydrogenated aromatic compound is removed in presence dehydrogenation catalyst (DC) and hydrogen is manufactured. Platinum, tin and alkaline metal(s) selected from IA and IIA groups supported to composite carrier consisting of complex oxide, is used as the DC. The catalyst has surface area of 150 m2/g or more, and pore having mean pore diameter of 90-200 Angstrom , and pore volume of 0.55 cm3/g.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen used as fuel, secondary energy.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is manufactured efficiently using the hydrogenated aromatic compound as raw material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen currently contained in the hydrogenated aromatic compound is removed in the presence dehydrogenation catalyst and hydrogen is manufactured. Platinum, tin and at least one alkaline metal selected from IA group and IIA group supported by composite carrier (A) which consists of complex oxide, is used as the dehydrogenation catalyst. The carrier is formed by bake- processing a carrier which supported zinc oxide to gamma-alumina support which occupies total pore volume of 60% or more, at 600degreesC or more for 10 hours or more and major portion of the crystal structure is turned into spinel structure. The catalyst has surface area of 150 m2/g or more, and pore having mean pore diameter of 90-200 Angstrom , and pore volume of 0.55 cm3/g. The alkaline metal is potassium. The hydrogenated aromatic compound is at least one type chosen from hydride of mono-cyclic aromatic compound and hydride of polycylic aromatic compound.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (1) has a heat exchanger (3), air introduction unit (9), and modification-reaction device (2). An oxidation catalyst is arranged at the reformed-gas route (12) of the heat exchanger.    USE - For generating hydrogen-containing reformed gas from hydrocarbon fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer has improved transient-response property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reformer has a heat exchanger, air introduction unit and modification-reaction device. An oxidation catalyst is arranged at reformed-gas route of the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger heats water and/or air by the heat of oxidation of the oxidizable component contained in the reformed gas. The component in the reformed gas is oxidized by the oxidation catalyst. The heated water and/or air are supplied as a raw material to the modification reaction device. The air introduction unit mixes the reformed gas with air, during raise in load, and introduces into the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (1)    Modification-reaction device (2)    Heat exchanger (3)    Selection oxidation-reaction device (5)    Air introduction unit (9)    Route of air and/or air (11)    Reformed-gas route (12)    Evaporator (13)    Water spraying apparatus (15)
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer (1) has evaporation portion (12), high and low temperature shift-reaction portions (15,17), heat exchangers (14a,16a), heat-carrier supply unit, bypass unit and control unit. Bypass unit supplies heating medium from heat exchanger of reaction portion (17) to heat exchanger of reaction portion (15). Control unit operates bypass unit, when inside temperature of reaction portion (17) is less than predetermined temperature.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The flow amount of supply air to the modifier of fuel cell system is accurately adjusted using the fuel reformer. The starting time of the fuel cell system is reduced using the fuel reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel reformer (1) has an evaporation portion (12), a high and low temperature shift-reaction portions (15,17), heat exchangers (14a,16a), a heat-carrier supply unit, a bypass unit and a control unit. The evaporation portion gasifies an original fuel and water. The reaction portions are provided along the reformer gas flow path, which reforms the gasified original fuel and water. Each heat exchanger is provided at each reaction portion. The bypass unit supplies a heating medium from heat exchanger of reaction portion (15) to heat exchanger of reaction portion (17). The control unit operates the bypass unit, when the inside temperature of reaction portion (17) is less than the predetermined temperature.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system, which contains the fuel cell, which receives the reformed gas from fuel reformer and generates electricity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (1)    Evaporation portion (12)    Heat exchangers (14a,16a)    Reaction portions (15,17)    Control unit (50)
NOVELTY - Deodorizing apparatus of organic refuse comprises that a light source (18) transmits light to the deodorizing layer (16) formed between an inlet and outlet of a deodorizing chamber (12) through light transmitting tubes (17) arranged at the deodorizing layer, by which a photosynthesis microbe adhered to porous material (a), is activated.    USE - For deodorizing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Bad smell can be deodorized with the activated photosynthesis microbe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the deodorizing apparatus.    deodorizing chamber (12)    deodorizing layer (16)    light transmitting tubes (17)    light source (18)    porous material (a)
NOVELTY - The dividing walls formed by stacking porous ceramic layers through separated layer, are arranged in parallel at predetermined intervals. A pair of flow paths are formed to supply fluid between the pair of dividing walls.    USE - For separating specific gas from mixed solvent concentration in water treatment plant and desalination plant, factory waste gas, oxygen from power station, carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the mechanical strength and reliability of fluid separation filter. Prevents adhesion of refuse to the separated layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid separation module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline perspective view of the fluid separation filter.    Sealing boards (2a,2b,3)    Outer wall (13)    Through-holes (40,50)
NOVELTY - Bio-deodorizing apparatus comprises an elongated microorganism support (1) consisting of a loop-shaped water absorptive, and hydrophobic thin and rigid fibers (3-5) which are latchingly attached around a core-line material (2) and which protrude to the radial direction outwardly.    USE - For bio-deodorizing of odor gas generated from sewage treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces pressure loss. Improves adhesion of microorganisms. Prolongs life period and performs decomposition, efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front view of the elongated microorganisms support.    elongated microorganisms support (1)    core-line material (2)    loop-shaped water absorptive fiber (3)    loop-shaped hydrophobic thin fiber (4)    loop-shaped hydrophobic rigid fiber (5)
NOVELTY - A bio-deodorizing method comprises that a nasty smell substance which has a concentration higher than an odor gas is contained in a filled layer (3) and the gas for a small amount of microorganisms acclimatization is passed before passing the odor gas (1) to the filled layer, so that the microorganisms adhering to the support of the filled layer are acclimatized.    USE - For bio-deodorizing odor gas generated from sewage treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to remove nasty smell substance having concentration higher than odor gas effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of bio-deodorizing apparatus.    odor gas (1)    filled layer (3)    packed column (4)    dampers (6,7)    deodorizing fan (8)
NOVELTY - Bio-deodorizing method of sewage works comprises that the odor gas is introduced to the filler layer (3) to which microorganisms are adhered, water is sprinkled from the upper side of the filler layer, when gas is passed from the filler layer and the amount of water is increased.    USE - For deodorizing sewage works, human wastes and various industrial wastes, biologically.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable deodorizing capability for a long time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Bio-deodorizing method of sewage works comprises that the odor gas is introduced to the filler layer (3) to which microorganisms are adhered, water is sprinkled from the upper side of the filler layer, when gas is passed from the filler layer and the amount of water is increased. The washing agent is injected into upper side of the filler layer, to peel microorganisms increased on filler layer during deodorizing the gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio-deodorizing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the bio-deodorizing apparatus.    odor gas (1)    process gas (2)    filler layer (3)    packed column (4)    water sprinkler (7)    washing-agent injection hole (10)
NOVELTY - A sponge filler (6) is packed in a layer (3) of the apparatus (1) into which odor gas is supplied. The sponge filler is made of polyvinyl acetal whose acetalization degree is 70% or more, and has continuous holes of 1500 microns or more.    USE - For deodorizing gas generated from human waste treatment plant, sewage work and other factories.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces pressure loss, load to the apparatus. Improves efficiency of removing nasty smell from the gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the bio-deodorizing apparatus.    treatment tower (1)    feed pipe (2)    filler layer (3)    sponge filler (6)    exhaust tube (7)    drainage pipe (8)
NOVELTY - The voltage conversion device (41) is arranged to supply power for electrocatalysis heater (25) for warming the modification catalyst which promotes the modification reaction in the modifier which modifies raw heating gas to hydrogen rich heating gas.    USE - Fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost. Prevents leakage of electric current. Reduces the voltage variation of ancillary equipment. Stabilizes circuit operation for ancillary equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage conversion device converts high voltage supplied from fuel cell (23) to low voltage which is applied to electrocatalysis heater and to ancillary equipment (26) through DC/DC converters (41b,41a), respectively. The fuel cell which receives supply of heating gas and oxidation gas, generates electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of power system of fuel cell electric vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (23)    electrocatalysis heater (25)    ancillary equipment (26)    voltage conversion device (41)    DC/DC convertors (41a,41b)
NOVELTY - A reaction container (10) is filled with iron carbide. Water or water vapor is supplied as heating gas to container, and hydrogen is generated. The generated hydrogen fuel is supplied to gas engine (12), and gas engine is activated. The exhaust heat of waste gas produced in gas engine, is utilized as heat and supplied to reaction container.    USE - For gas engine and fuel cell used for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated in large amount using iron carbide, and water or water vapor as heating gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for supply apparatus of hydrogen fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline structural view of supply apparatus of hydrogen fuel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (10)    gas engine (12)    fuel cell (14)    combustor (16)
NOVELTY - An air supply unit (20) has an air pump (23) to supply pressurized air to the modifier (10) through several flow paths (L1-L9). Each flow path is provided with a flow regulating valve. The air pressure detector (25a,25b) detects air pressure at upstream side of the valve. A control unit controls the air pump to maintain steady air pressure value based on the detected air pressure.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed) of electric vehicle, electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The operation of the pump is easily maintained by controlling the air pressure at upstream side of the valve.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The valves are classified into number of groups. The detector detects the air pressure applied to each group of valve. The surge tank (24a,24b) is arranged between the air pump and air pressure detector. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (10)    supply unit (20)    air pump (23)    detector (25a,25b)    flow paths (L1-L9)
NOVELTY - The container (2) has wiring conductor (10) on lower surface of substrate (6), and wiring conductor (11) on upper surface of a cover (7) that covers recess in the substrate. A wiring conductor (12) is formed on lower surface of the substrate, at position opposing electrode (4) in electrolyte structure (3) accommodated in recess. Fluid flow path (8,9) are formed at outer surface of substrate and cover respectively.    USE - For accommodating fuel cell (claimed) such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) used in portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is operated efficiently and the reliability of the fuel cell is improved. The corrosion resistance of the fuel cell is increased and size of the fuel cell is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the fuel cell container and the fuel cell.    fuel cell (1)    fuel cell container (2)    electrolyte structure (3)    electrodes (4,5)    fluid flow path (8,9)    wiring conductors (10-12)
NOVELTY - The low gas permeability hose has an inner layer (1), a reinforcement layer (2) and an outer layer (3). The inner layer has a water resistant layer (11) containing vulcanized rubber, at inner side, and a gas barrier layer (12) at the outer side.    USE - Used in air-conditioner and motor vehicle fuel cell, for supplying carbon dioxide, hydrogen gas and petroleum gas.    ADVANTAGE - The low gas permeability hose has excellent flexibility, high gas barrier property and excellent handleability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial perspective diagram of the low gas permeability hose.    inert layer (1)    reinforcement layer (2)    outer layer (3)    water-resistant layer (11)    gas barrier layer (12)
NOVELTY - Several gas introduction ports (13a-13e) are formed in the side wall of a combustion chamber (3) at different heights for supplying gas into a high-temperature furnace (1). The gas is blown from the upper gas introduction port (13a), tangential to a virtual circle of the flow of a combustible gas. The intermediate and lower introduction ports are set such that the gas is blown in the center of the combustion chamber. Several gas introduction ports are formed in the side wall of the combustion chamber at different heights. The gas introduction port (13b) is inclined at an angle in the range of 5-10 degrees, along the downward direction.    USE - For supplying gas-containing oxygen into high-temperature oxidation furnace for combustion of waste material such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, waste plastic, biomass waste material, shredder dust.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain uniform temperature in the high-temperature oxidation furnace and thereby prevents generation of high temperature and consumption of refractories. Enables stable running of the furnace for long time period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) gas-containing oxygen supply method which involves regulating oxygen concentration of the gas-containing oxygen such that oxygen concentration is set to 30-60 vol.%;    (2) high-temperature oxidation furnace; and    (3) gasification method for combustible gas in high-temperature oxidation furnace.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the high-temperature oxidation furnace.    High-temperature oxidation furnace (1)    Combustion chamber (3)    Combustion-gas inlet (5)    Gas introduction ports (13a-13e)    Cooling jacket (17)
NOVELTY - A volume-reduction oil-formation agent consists of (alpha)-methylstyrene and/or 2,4-diphenyl-4-methyl-1-pentene, and organic peroxide.    USE - For reducing oil formation of styrene foam (claimed), which is used for packaging material of containers such as foodstuff container.    ADVANTAGE - The volume-reduction oil-formation agent has high industrial value and is economical. The oil formation of the styrene foam is efficiently reduced within short period of time and at low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for volume-reduction oil-formation method of styrene foam, which involves using the volume-reduction oil-formation agent and reducing oil formation of styrene foam by thermal decomposition.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen is produced by irradiating water containing alcohol with ultrasonic wave.    USE - For producing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The mass production of hydrogen is enabled by irradiating ultrasonic wave on water containing alcohol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the batch type equipment used for producing hydrogen. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction container (10)    ultrasonic vibrator (11)    ultrasonic oscillator (12)    water tank of cooling water (13)    thermostat of cooling water (14)    cap (15)
NOVELTY - A molding mixture obtained by adding an inorganic hydrate to a thermoplastic resin, is molded. Blister and/or air bubble, which are produced by elimination of crystal water from the inorganic hydrate at molding time temperature, is subjected to free foam-breaking, to obtain a microorganism support (1) having corrugation in the surface.    USE - For manufacturing microorganism support used for disposal of sewage (both claimed) e.g. wastewater such as industrial liquid wastewater and daily life wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method enables economical production of microorganism support with excellent adhesion property, retainability of microorganism, abrasion resistance, sewages-disposal property and improved surface property. The microorganism support efficiently purifies the wastewater containing ammonia without affecting the environment, by nitrification process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) microorganism support; and    (2) sewage-disposal method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of microorganism support.    microorganism support (1)    mean outside diameter (D1)    mean bore diameter (D2)    length (L1)
NOVELTY - A microorganism of Pseudomonas putida SD-21 strain (FERM P-17161) having the capability to decompose nonionic surfactant is new.    USE - For processing wastewater containing nonionic surfactant selected from polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether and polyoxyethylene alkyl ether (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The novel microorganism has excellent decomposing capability with respect to nonionic surfactants. The wastewater containing nonionic surfactant is processed efficiently. Sufficient contact frequency is obtained by appropriately controlling the circulation flow rate in the reaction tank. The size of the drainage treatment installation is made small. Various nonionic surfactants contained in the wastewater can be processed and removed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) processing of wastewater containing surfactant which involves depositing Pseudomonas putida SD-21 strain (FERM P-17161) to the fixer bed (5) of fixed floor-type wastewater treatment equipment; and    (2) processing apparatus of wastewater containing surfactant which has fixed floor-type wastewater treatment equipment fixed with the above microorganism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows profile of system for processing wastewater containing nonionic surfactant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (1)    bioreaction partition (2)    aeration partition (3)    fixed bed (5)    circulation pump (7)    bubble sensor (10)    flow amount controller (13)
NOVELTY - The plate-shaped styrene resin foam is obtained by carrying out extrusion foaming of styrene resin. The foaming agent contains 100-20 wt.% of 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon and 0-80 wt.% of non-halogen group foaming agent, with respect to whole quantity of foaming agent. The average cell diameter of foam is 0.1-0.45 and satisfies preset relation.    USE - For building material use, such as tatami-mat core material.    ADVANTAGE - Plate-shaped styrene resin foam has excellent softness, heat resistance, flame retardant property and high degree machinability. The foam is environmentally safe since a halogen group foaming agent is not used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The plate-shaped styrene resin foam is obtained by carrying out extrusion foaming of styrene resin. The foaming resin contains 100-20 wt.% of 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon and 0-80 wt.% of non-halogen group foaming agent, with respect to whole quantity of foaming agent. The average cell diameter (d) of foam is 0.1-0.45 and satisfies the relation: d=(axbxc)1/3, where a, b, c are average air bubble diameters (mm) along thickness direction, width direction and length direction, respectively, and a/b=1.22-2 and a/c=1.3-2.5. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of plate-shaped styrene resin foam. A foaming agent is added to molten styrene resin and extrusion molded. The amount of halogenated flame retardant is 20-10 weight parts with respect to 100 wt.pts of styrene resin. About 5-15 wt.pts of foaming agent is included in the styrene resin.
NOVELTY - A gasification reaction zone (14) divided from a separation chamber (20) by pebble layer (16), is supplied with natural non-flammable material like coal ash which then undergoes thermofusion at temperature less than 1300-1400degreesC, during start-up of gasifier (1). Solid fuel (F) is supplied into the zone, after coating the pebble layer with molten non-flammable material free of combustible content.    USE - Operating method of pebble floor gasifier used for gasification and melting of waste material e.g. waste plastic, sludge, shredder dust, municipal solid waste and coal, to produce combustion gas to be used in heat engine, internal combustion engine, heating furnace like, boiler and industrial furnace, and also for gas turbine, diesel engine and gas engine.    ADVANTAGE - Improves gasification efficiency during starting of the gasifier, as fine solid fuel and soot are collected by the pebble layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Solid fuel and non-flammable material are supplied to the zone, through respective paths (3,6). Supply of the two fuels is selectively performed by a switching unit with a valve (4) for selectively connecting the two paths. A solid fuel supply nozzle (11) is arranged at top of the gasifier. The zone is supplied with high temperature air at a temperature of 1000degreesC or more from a nozzle at top of gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of pebble floor gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gasifier (1)    supply paths (3,6)    switching valve (4)    fuel supply nozzle (11)    gasification zone (14)    pebble layer (16)    separation chamber (20)    solid fuel (F)
NOVELTY - Storing and transporting hydrogen involves irradiating an organic-type hydrogen donor with a microwave in presence of an alkalinization combination and an inorganic-type catalyst.    USE - For storing and transporting hydrogen used as fuel for hydrogen burner and fuel cells mounted on electric vehicles and tank lorry.    ADVANTAGE - The method safely stores organic-type hydrogen donor in home and hydrogen station. The method quickly and economically generates high quality and energy hydrogen. Hydrogen gas is supplied at any time and even at running a vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of hydrogen generating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    microwave generator (1)    three neck flask (2)    thermometer (3)    Liebig cooling pipe (4)
NOVELTY - The aggregate manufactured from waste plastics, and general waste other than waste plastics, is supplied into a reducing furnace (3), from the furnace top. The general waste is reduced, carbonized and melted using the reduction effect of the aggregate, along with reduction effect of the furnace.    USE - For disposing general waste such as garbage, and waste plastics, obtained from houses, to produce is solid fuel and reducer used in blast furnace.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the generation of dioxin even if waste plastics contain chlorine, and generation of ash. Simplifies the aggregate formation process, as there is no need to remove chlorine-containing plastics from other plastics. Reduces the amount of usage of coke in the reducing furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Magnetic material is removed from crushed waste plastics, before aggregating the crushed plastics. The carbonized general waste is used as a fuel of the furnace.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for garbage disposal equipment which has aggregation unit (2) for aggregating crushed waste plastics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the garbage disposal equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    disposal equipment (1)    aggregation unit (2)    furnace (3)    aggregate hopper (4)    general-waste hopper (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel tank (600) has fuel injection hole (602) surrounded by fuel absorption layer (604) containing water absorptive polymer.    USE - For electric equipment (claimed) e.g. portable personal computer, mobile telephone, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), camera, navigation system, portable audio player.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of the fuel. Thereby prevents failure of electric equipment due to fuel adhering the components of electric equipment. Hence enables easy handling of the electric equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electric equipment; and    (2) fuel container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section views of fuel cell system.    fuel cell system (99)    fuel cell (100)    fuel cell tank (600)    fuel injection hole (602)    fuel absorption layer (604)
NOVELTY - A composter comprises an upstream end wall of a rotatable drum providing support for inlet. When the composter is in use and the rotatable drum is rotated in a first direction, the inlet is rotated in an opposite direction to maintain the inlet in an upright orientation for receiving waste material to be composted.    USE - The composter is useful for domestic organic waste (claimed), e.g. food waste.    ADVANTAGE - The composter of the invention provides for the ready removal of the composted material and leachates produced as a by-product of the composting process. The composter is appealing to the eye to an extent that its juxtaposition to a dwelling is not objectionable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composter comprises a rotatable drum (4) having an upstream end (12) and a downstream end wall. A peripheral wall of the drum provides support on an inner surface for conventional deflector for directing organic waste material from an upstream end of the rotatable drum towards a downstream end when the drum is in use. The upstream end wall provides support for inlet (14). When the composter is in use and the rotatable drum is rotated in a first direction, the inlet is rotated in an opposite direction to maintain the inlet in an upright orientation for receiving waste material to be composted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front perspective of a composter.    Rotatable drum (4)    Sides (4a-4c, 4f, 4h-4j)    Lower trough-like portion (6)    Upper inverted trough-like portion (8)    Drainage tank (10)    Upstream end (12)    Inlet (14)    Upstream end wall (16)    Downstream end (18)    Receptacle (20)    Co-planar wall portions (22, 24)
NOVELTY - A silage additive (I) comprising a liquid by-product from an amino acid fermentation broth, the liquid by-product being acidified to a pH in the range of 3-6, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for preparing silage, which involves adding (I) to a silage raw material in an amount of 1-10% based on fresh weight of the raw material and subjecting the resultant mixture to anaerobic fermentation. The lactic acid bacteria and saccharides are further added to the silage raw material (claimed). (I) is useful for preparing silage that is used to store and preserve roughages such as pasture grasses, forage crops such as barley, corn, common millet, feed rice, etc and food by-products such as soybean curd meal.    ADVANTAGE - (I) is inexpensive and depresses aerobic deterioration of silage, improves the digestibility of raw material and also effectively preserves silage for a long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing the proportions of lactic acid and acetic acid in total organic acid in the control group and in the Glu mother liquor-, Lys mother liquor- and Phe mother liquor-treated groups.
NOVELTY - Covering (A) for sterile closure of an apparatus (B) for culturing cells in liquid columns in the milliliter range, where (B) includes at least one container for receiving a liquid cultrue suspension of cells. (A) has an opening, for release of gas and to provide access to the inside of the container, that extends in a straight line from the outside to the inside of the container, connecting them in a way that allows gas convection.    USE - The covered apparatus is used for parallel, automated growth of many small-scale cell cultures, e.g. for development of strains or biological processes in the chemical industry, e.g. reaction or catalyst optimization; in environmental protection; for optimizing waste-water treatment; in chemical and biological treatment of solids and waste gas; and in food technology.    ADVANTAGE - The cover/apparatus allows single or many automated stirred reactors to be operated under technical reaction conditions, i.e. parallel culture of cells under individually controlled sterile reaction conditions of e.g. temperature, pH, oxygen input etc. Typically 100 experiments can be performed in 5 ml reactors in the same time as one reaction in a 0.5 l recator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) apparatus (B) as above, having at least one (A), for one, many or all containers;    (2) arrangement for parallel, automated culture of cells in liquid columns in the milliliter range, comprising at least one (B); and    (3) culturing cells in liquid columns in the milliliter range in the systems of (1) and (2) where there is a flow of gas, from the inside of the container to the outside, through the opening in the cover.
NOVELTY - Hydrogenation of unsaturated hydrocarbons (I) selected from alkynes, dienes, alkenynes and polyenes comprises passing a gas stream comprising (I) and hydrogen through a catalyst-containing hydrogenation zone whose inlet is lower than its outlet.    USE - The process is especially useful for selective hydrogenation of alkynes, dienes, alkenynes and polyenes in light olefin streams.    ADVANTAGE - Catalyst life is longer than in conventional downflow processes, possibly because green oil is formed only in the lower part of the catalyst bed and does not flow over the whole catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for hydrogenating (I), comprising a catalyst-containing hydrogenation zone with a gas inlet, a gas outlet and a green oil outlet, where the gas inlet is lower than the gas outlet.
NOVELTY - Reformer (30) produces reformed gas by catalytic reaction using heating gas and oxidizing-agent gas. Combustor (9) produces combustion gas by burning fuel. Compressor (8) decreases oxygen in reformer. Reformer (20) is warmed by circulating combustion gas using lean gas. Control unit controls amount of gas reformed in reformer, after decreasing oxygen content.    USE - As power source of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reforming system suppresses ideal air fuel ratio in the catalyst, and increase of temperature in the reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel forming system.    Compressor (8)    Combustor (9)    Pressure sensor (18)    Control unit (20)    Reformer (30)
NOVELTY - Evaporator for the evaporation of water in a hot gas stream comprises an inlet end, an outlet end, gas flow paths extending from the inlet end to the outlet end and a high-temperature resistant water-absorbing material that at least partly defines the gas flow paths. The water-absorbing material has a water-absorbing capacity of at least 0.20 g/cc.    USE - For the evaporation of water in a hot gas stream, preferably in the production of hydrogen from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a compact evaporator that can achieve complete evaporation of water added at a low pressure difference and/or to a low turbulence hot gas stream.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) fuel processor comprising in series a first catalytic reaction zone for the partial oxidation or the autothermal reforming of a hydrocarbonaceous fuel, an evaporator, and a second catalytic reaction zone for water-gas shift conversion;    (2) a process for the production of hydrogen from a hydrocarbonaceous fuel using the fuel processor by converting the hydrocarbonaceous fuel into a hot gas mixture comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide by reacting it with an oxygen-containing gas in the first catalytic reaction zone; adding water to the hot gas mixture downstream of the first catalytic reaction zone and upstream of the evaporator; evaporating water and cooling the hot gas mixture in the evaporator, resulting in a steam-comprising gas mixture; and converting the steam-comprising mixture into a gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide and hydrogen in the second reaction zone; and    (3) a fuel cell system comprising the fuel processor and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of part of an evaporator composed of an alternating stack of corrugated metal and water-absorbing sheets.    Corrugated metal sheets (1)    Sheets of water-absorbing material (2)    Gas flow paths (3)
NOVELTY - Method involves processing of garbage, to which spent lubricants are added. For that, solid phase is preliminarily treated, sorted, and broken, after which solid and liquid phases are loaded into coking reactor, wherein they are subjected to thermal destruction to produce vapor-gas product and solid residue. Prior to be cooled and fractioned, vapor-gas product is passed through column filled with aluminosilicate-containing packed bed.    USE - For processing of solid garbage and spent lubricants and may be used in municipal services, in chemical, petrochemical, and petroleum processing industries.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield of hydrocarbon fractions and reduced proportion of unsaturated hydrocarbons.
NOVELTY - Manufacturing edible biologically active semi-finished foodstuffs based on microorganisms.    USE - Food, agricultural and biotechnological industries.    ADVANTAGE - Improved preparing method, valuable biological and medicinal properties of product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method for preparing edible biologically active semi-finished product involves milling the wetted edible carbohydrate vegetable substrate, among them, nutrient or agricultural waste. Then the milled mass is subjected for spontaneous fermentation under aerobic conditions due to the own microflora of substrate to be used. Then separate colonies are separated from the fermented substrate. The pure culture of thermotolerant yeast or yeast-like fungi is isolated from colonies that are taken among the following group of genus: Pichia, Candida, Rhodotorula, Metchnikovia that grow at temperature 30-37 degreesC actively. For the further solid-phase fermentation cultures with cells size (1.5-4.0) x (3.0-10.0) mcm are selected and inoculated their on carbohydrate nutrient medium with neutral reaction that is applied on solid carrier providing the humidity index 30-75%. Solid-phase culturing is carried out under aerobic conditions at temperature 30-37 degreesC for 12-48 h up to accumulation of 2-6 billion cells/g of wet culture. Then the grown culture is inactivated to obtain the end product. Invention provides preparing the universal edible biologically active semi-finished product with prebiotic properties for different biological objects being both humans and animals. The prepared semi-finished product promotes to the complex regulation of different functions in human and animal body also.
NOVELTY - Provided is a method and apparatus therefor for removing hydrogen sulfide from a bio-gas generated from an anaerobic digestion process of organic waste using air, water and sulfur-oxidizing bacteria at low cost, thereby increasing purify of bio-gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of (a) irradiating natural light to a bioreactor which ferments organic waste for oxidizing hydrogen sulfide to sulfur using anaerobic and aerobic photosynthetic bacteria and reducing carbon dioxide, (b) passing the biogas generated from the fermented organic waste by the bioreactor through a gas dome in which aerobic sulfur-oxidizing bacteria such as beggiatoa and thiothrix are dispersed while supplying oxygen to the gas dome for desulfurization, and (c) passing the desulfurized biogas through water to precipitate sulfur oxides. The apparatus comprises a bioreactor(2); a gas dome(6) installed at an upper end portion of the bioreactor(2) and provided with a transparent plate(7) at the top, an air inlet(5) and a vent hole(8); an air generator(4) connected to the air inlet(5), and a washing tank(10) connected to the vent hole(8) of the gas dome(6) and provided with an air inlet(10a) through which gas exhausted from the vent hole(8) is introduced and which is submerged, a vent hole(10b) not submerged, formed at an upper portion thereof and connected to a gas tank(12), and a drain valve(11).
NOVELTY - A starting combustor (7) in the reformer produces combustion gas lean in fuel, to warm-up modification catalyst (10), during warm-up. Another combustor (9) provided at the upstream side of the reformer burns mixed gas of the combustion gas and modified fuel gas, while transferring from the warm-up state to the modification state.    USE - For use as drive source in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The overheating of the catalyst after warm-up is suppressed reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded view of the fuel modification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat exchangers (5,6)    combustors (7,9)    modification catalyst (10)
NOVELTY - An insertion opening (2) for a thermal decomposition residue is provided at the upper side of a base of a furnace (1) which is inclined w.r.t horizontal plane. An oxygen supply unit (7) is provided at the base of the furnace, to supply oxygen into the furnace.    USE - Used for melting thermal decomposition residue produced by thermal decomposition of waste materials, such as municipal solid waste, to form a combustible gas which is used as a heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - Since the residue reacts efficiently with oxygen supplied from the bottom of the furnace, into the furnace interior, and since the residence time of the residue in the furnace is increased without increasing the size of the furnace, the carbon present in the residue is fully recovered as combustible gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal sectional view of the furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    furnace (1)    opening (2)    slag outflow port (3)    oxygen gas supply line (6)    oxygen supply unit (7)
NOVELTY - A partition wall (15), which comprises a steel sheet having a cooling structure, is between a gasification chamber (1) and a combustion chamber (2), such that flow of thermal decomposition gas between the chambers is prevented.    USE - For performing gasification of organic waste materials and solid fuel, such as coal, to produce gas.    ADVANTAGE - The novel gasifier prevents mixing of the gas in the gasification and the combustion chambers. It improves the durability of the partition wall, by using a steel sheet having a cooling structure for the wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gasification chamber (1)    combustion chamber (2)    heat recovery chamber (3)    partition wall (15)    connection port (21)
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer has a unit to detect increase in fluctuation of hydrogen generation amount, and unit to introduce oxygen-containing fuel apart from hydrocarbon to modification portion (1). The modification portion produces reformed gas containing hydrogen from hydrocarbon, water and oxidizing agent.    USE - For producing reformed gas-containing hydrogen from hydrocarbon, water and oxidizing agent.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer has transient response property, and supplies hydrogen gas rapidly during transition process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification portion (1)    high temperature shift-reaction portion (2)    low temperature shift-reaction portion (3)    carbon monoxide selective oxidation portion (4)    gas tank (5)
NOVELTY - Several partitions (3) are set in a yard (2) of a storing chamber (1). The compost raw material is deposited into each partitioned space and is stirred by moving a stirring portion (10) of a stirrer (8) between upper and lower positions. The stirring frequency is calculated based on the estimated rotting degree of the compost raw material in each partition.    USE - For composting of livestock excrements, organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to stir compost raw material at arbitrary frequencies based on the estimated rotting degree. Enables to collect gas generated from the compost raw material, without ejection of the odor to the outside.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An odor sensor detects odor intensity of the gas generated from the compost raw material. The rotting degree of the compost raw material is estimated based on the odor sensor. The compost of each partition is ventilated based on the estimated rotting degree.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for quality control type compost installation which has hood (21) arranged in the upper portion of the stirring portion to collect gas generated from compost raw material deposited in each partition of yard.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the compost installation.    Storing chamber (1)    Yard (2)    Partitions (3)    Stirrer (8)    Stirring portion (10)    Hood (21)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of manure involves mixing 8-50 weight parts of apple dregs with 100 weight parts of organic raw material containing grass, sawdust, organic wood substance and/or livestock dung, and fermenting the obtained mixture.    USE - For promoting plant growth.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce manure stably and efficiently using waste apple dregs, without causing environmental pollution. The method is simple and economical.
NOVELTY - The temperature of organic type dreg is raised to high thermal pasteurization temperature of 120 degrees Centigrade or above by supplying steam. The livestock manure is heated indirectly using the heat exchanged with steam. The pasteurization temperature is lowered to 70 degrees Centigrade within the specific time while mixing the manure with dreg, during mixing sterilization and fermentation.    USE - The method is useful for pre-processing organic type dreg like organic refuse, livestock manure in methane fermenting system used for producing bio gas used as fuel of boiler, combined power generation system and for liquid fertilizer production.    ADVANTAGE - Enables removing the bacteria or weeds easily and completely due to effective pasteurization of dreg thereby the fermentation efficiency is raised.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart explaining the pre-processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An apparatus is used for production of hydrogen by decomposition of organic material using proliferative microorganisms. A controller (17) controls supply amount of culture solution of proliferating microorganisms, to a reaction container (11). The container has a stirrer for stirring supplied solution.    USE - For generating hydrogen using microorganisms such as Rhodospirillum, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus licheniformis, microorganisms in organic waste water, industrial waste water, waste material of scallop, livestock, plant waste material, animal waste material and microbe in sludge compost.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated efficiently from the organic material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generation apparatus.    reaction container (11)    microorganism feed pipe (13)    controller (17)    microorganism supply unit (20)    stockpile unit (21)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen gas generating apparatus has a fuel system (12), a reaction unit with hot catalyst (11) and a separation unit. The fuel system supplies the fuel to the catalyst. The catalyst is heated by the heat of exhaust gas emitted from internal combustion engine. The fuel is dehydrogenated in the reaction unit. Hydrogen gas is separated from the mixture of gas produced by dehydrogenation, by the separation unit.    USE - Generating hydrogen used as fuel for gasoline engine, diesel engine and fuel cell mounted on vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen gas generating apparatus is compact and has reduced weight. The apparatus produces hydrogen gas stably with reduced consumption of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the reaction unit of the hydrogen generating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst (11)    fuel system (12)    flow path of gas mixture (30a)    protrusion (32)
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (1) has modifier (2), fuel-spraying unit (4) to spray fuel to modifier, water spraying unit (5) to spray water to modifier, and water absorption unit (3). The water absorption unit contains a water absorber for absorbing water which is not sprayed from the water-spraying unit. The modifier produces reformed gas from heating gas, water vapor and air.    USE - For producing hydrogen rich reformed gas from hydrocarbon group fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer is efficient for producing hydrogen rich reformed gas. The water droplets does not adhere to the catalyst surface, hence the efficiency of the catalyst is not reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel reformer (1)    Modifier (2)    Water absorption unit (3)    Fuel-spraying apparatus (4)    Water spraying apparatus (5)    Modification-catalyst layer (8)
NOVELTY - A flow-amount sensor (4) detects the supply of fuel from a main flow path (2a) to the branch paths (2, 2b, 2b'). A modifier (1) converts fuel supplied from branch flow paths into hydrogen-rich gas. A control unit (6) regulates feed amount of fuel from each fuel-supply device, based on the sensor.    USE - For use in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient control of fuel supply to the modifier. The number of pumps and flow-amount sensors is reduced, achieving reductions in cost of the fuel reforming system and simplifying the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reforming system.    Modifier (1)    Branch flow paths (2, 2b, 2b')    Main flow path (2a)    Flow-amount sensor (4)    Control unit (6)
NOVELTY - A controller (6) controls the injection quantity of each fuel injector (5) which injects fuel into modifier (1), in order to avoid hysteresis loss with respect to the modifier.    USE - For reforming fuel in fuel cell system (claimed) used in electric vehicle and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiency is improved by dynamically controlling the injection quantity of the fuel injectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel reforming system.    Modifier (1)    Pump (3)    Fuel injector (5)    Controller (6)    Fuel reforming system (10)
NOVELTY - The catalyst contains copper and manganese.    USE - For modification reactions such as liquid film-type dehydrogenation of methanol aqueous solution and water vapor, and for electrode material of hydrogen gas generation apparatus of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high carbon dioxide selectivity, and suppresses generation of carbon monoxide. The rate of modification reaction is effectively improved.
NOVELTY - The gas conversion furnace consists of gas conversion chamber (12) provided at the upper portion of cyclone-like oxygen mixing chamber (11), through a constriction portion (13). Polymeric gas and oxygen are blown into the oxygen-mixing chamber, and water vapor is blown into the constriction portion.    USE - As gas conversion furnace such as gas reformer for producing gas such as hydrogen and carbon monoxide from waste materials such as sewage sludge and municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The gas conversion furnace has outstanding gas modification efficiency, and generation of cool spot due to the addition of water vapor is prevented. The dust contained in polymeric gas is not adhered easily, and miscibility of gas is favorable. Polymeric gas, oxygen and water vapor are uniformly mixed, and adherence of dust with inner wall of conversion chamber is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for attachment removal of gas reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of gas reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Oxygen mixing chamber (11)    Gas conversion chamber (12)    Constriction portion (13)    Polymeric gas supply port (14)    Oxygen supply port (15)    Water vapor supply port (18)
NOVELTY - A gas sensor (24) detects the concentration (D) of heating gas supplied to the fuel cell. The detected concentration of gas, is compared with two preset values. If the detected value is determined to be greater than the preset values, the supply of gas to fuel cell is forbidden and the determination result is stored in a memory (32).    USE - For controlling supply of heating gas such as hydrogen and oxidizing-agent gas, to fuel cell used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of heating gas to fuel cell is determined and controlled appropriately, hence the discharge of gas is restrained. Thereby the fuel cell is operated efficiently, to generate electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (10)    heating-gas supply control apparatus (14)    gas sensor (24)    memory (32)    concentration of gas (D)
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas emitted from a bed case (1) containing bed material (S), by introducing gases (A,B) into bed case, is introduced into a multi-stage hot cyclone structure (4) through an exhaust tube (5). The solid substance (E) e.g. biomass introduced to initial hot cyclone (6) of cyclone structure, is processed using the introduced gas, and the processed biomass is returned to bed case through a return pipe (11).    USE - Circulation fluid bed for thermally decomposing solid substance such as municipal solid waste and biomass.    ADVANTAGE - Restrains the thermal decomposition temperature by supplying solid substance to multi-stage hot cyclone structure, thereby improving the decomposition effectiveness. Also reduces the size of the fluid bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the circulation fluid bed.    Bed case (1)    Multi-stage hot cyclone structure (4)    Exhaust tube (5)    Initial hot cyclone (6)    Return pipe (11)    Gases (A,B)    Solid substance (E)    Bed material (S)
NOVELTY - An introduction chamber is connected with a modification chamber (13) in which direct heating of thermal decomposition gas is performed. A thermal storage unit (2) is rotatably arranged ranging over the bottom portion of modification chamber and combustion chamber (14) which increases the temperature of thermal storage unit by fuel combustion.    USE - For modifying gasified solid fuel obtained by thermal decomposition of waste material such as plastic, sludge, shredder dust and municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the installation cost of modifier, prevents misoperation of reformer and explosion accident during stop or re-ignition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for modification method of gasified solid fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the modifier.    Casing (1)    Thermal storage unit (2)    Outer wall (11)    Modification chamber (13)    Combustion chamber (14)
NOVELTY - A crusher (1) crushes the foam goods (H) and fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) goods (F) obtained from the dismantled waste FRP ship. A sorter (3) classifies the crushed materials according to their particle size, and a suction apparatus (4) removes the foam goods classified by the sorter. A kneading machine (5) mixes the crushed FRP goods with an oil to a predetermined mixing rate.    USE - For recycling waste fiber reinforced plastic (FRP) ship such as waste boat, for manufacturing fuel used for cement manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the scattering of FRP dust during mixing of the oil to the FRP goods. Enables using of recycled products as fuel, easily. Enables adjusting the calorific value of the fuel, hence the workability of cement manufacture is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the waste FRP ship recycle installation.    crusher (1)    sorter (3)    suction apparatus (4)    kneading machine (5)    FRP goods (F)    foam goods (H)    mixture (L)
NOVELTY - A generator converts the drive energy such as potential energy and heat energy into an electrical energy. An electric power generation detector (26) detects electric power generation signal in a fuel cell (2). The electrical energy driven controller (36) controls supply of fuel to fuel cell, based on detected electric power signal.    USE - Fuel cell system e.g. electric torch, dry cell and power supply unit used in portable apparatus such as radio control vehicle and aeroplane. Also applicable to use in outdoors.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the use of main power supply and secondary battery thereby provides compact size fuel cell system for long term use. Prevents useless fuel consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An energy storage unit stores mechanical energy, potential energy or heat energy and the generator converts the stored energy into electrical energy. A controller uses the output of the generator for controlling fuel supply unit of the fuel cell. A part of the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is used for starting the generator.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell apparatus;    (2) electric power generation unit;    (3) moving body; and    (4) toy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    fuel cell (2)    drive mechanism (3)    external load (4)    electric power generation unit (7)    supply unit (22)    electric power generation detector (26)    drive energy storage unit (31)    driven controller (36)
NOVELTY - The water granulation nozzle (20) injects the water in the ejection direction of the slag that passes through the chute (14). The molten slag produced in high temperature atmosphere is ejected out from the slag discharge port (11) provided at the bottom of the melting furnace.    USE - For gasification melting system (claimed) for treating municipal solid waste refuse-derived fuel, waste plastic, waste fiber reinforced plastic (FRP), biomass waste material, motor-vehicle, waster material, paper manufacture sludge, medical waste, coal-dressing waste material, and various waste material such as waste oil.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the manufacturing cost of the cooling device. Ensures high cooling efficiency. Improves the durability of cooling device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) molten slag cooling method; and    (2) gasification melting system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of molten slag cooling device.    slag discharge port (11)    chute (14)    water tank (16)    slag conveyor (17)    water granulation nozzle (20)
NOVELTY - The present invention provides a process for the preparation of protein hydrolysate from soy flour, which comprises preparing aqueous slurry of defatted soy flour having 6-12% w/v of solid content, hydrolyzing the said slurry using fungal protease at pH 7-8 and temperature 43 +/-5 deg.C to get 20-40% degree of hydrolysis (DH), further hydrolyzing using papain at temperature 53 +/-5 deg.C under stirring till completion of hydrolysis to 30-45 % DH, inactivating residual enzyme in a known manner, separating the solids and drying the clarified supernatant thus obtained to get protein hydrolysate.
NOVELTY - A composite bacteria preparation for quickly putrefying agricultural waste is composed of living bacteria (bacillus, actinomycess, yeast and fungus) and adsorptive carrier (zeolite, bran, bone powder, fish powder and brown sugar). Its advantages are high putrefying efficiency, low cost, less loss of nutrients and improving soil.
NOVELTY - The fermenting-turning over machine for preparing organic fertilizer features that its lower part is an electric running mechanism with wheels, speed-adjustable motor and electric lifting unit, and its turning-over crawler belt with scraping nails on its external surface has one end connected to the axle of electric running mechanism and another end connected with the electric lifting unit.    ADVANTAGE - Its advantages are compact structure and high effect.
NOVELTY - A process for preparing biologic organic fertilizer from ejected agricultural materials comprises pretreating, adding straw and stalk, regulating C/N ratios and water content, inoculating quick-erosive bacteria, high-temperature fermenting, erosion decomposing, drying, granulating, baking and sieving.
NOVELTY - A process for reclaiming the sewage generated by acidolyzing yam comprises filtering, washing dregs, electric dialysis for desalting, extracting by 'N235' (or '7301') for deacidifying, secondary treating, and adding N, P and K fertilizers and corn milk to obtain the culture medium for bacterial fermenting.
NOVELTY - An earthworm peat used as the additive of feed and veterinary medicine is prepared from earthworm peat 100 kg through baking, chirring, proportionally mixing it with aseptic water 50-60 kg and microbial bacteria 50 ml, stirring, aerobic fermenting for 10 days, cooling, proportionally mixing with dried earthworm powder 3 kg, and low temp granulating. It can prevent and treat diseases.
NOVELTY - A treatment composition for combating the ill effects of hydrocarbon pollutants by microbial action on the hydrocarbon pollutants of microbes associated with sewage sludge, comprises a raw sewage that has been stabilized, rendered hydrophobic and oleophilic, has an alkaline pH, and is in a form in which it is absorbent in nature.    USE - For combating the ill effects of hydrocarbon pollutants (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition actively absorbs hydrocarbon pollutants through capillary action, where the absorption is irreversible. It contains all of the macro and micro elements and fatty acids in the correct proportions to enable microbiological activity to return to contaminated soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method for producing a treatment composition comprising treating raw sewage in the form of a sludge that has been depleted of foreign bodies with lime to provide a pH of the sludge of 9.5-12, and reducing the moisture content to a maximum of 15 wt.% to provide a solid treatment composition; and    (b) a method of combating hydrocarbon pollutants by microbial action on the pollutants of microbes associated with sewage sludge, comprising contacting a treatment composition with the hydrocarbon pollutants and affording the treatment composition time to absorb the hydrocarbon pollutants, removal of the treatment composition and or its disposal or by working the treatment composition into associated soil as may be appropriate to the substrate on which the hydrocarbon pollutants were present.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a set of graphs showing biological activity of treatment composition.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has mesh-type material (80) with multiple flow passages in between the electrolyte (10) and anode (30).    USE - E.g. borohydrofuel cell (BFC) for generating electricity by chemical reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electricity generation using simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrolyte (10)    cathode (20)    anode (30)    separators (40,50)    flow passage (76)    mesh-type material with multiple flow passages (80)
NOVELTY - The device has a compressor (5) connected before the fuel cell (1) and an expansion device (6) connected after the fuel cell. The compressor is in the form of a claw compressor with at least two mutually engaged compressor wheels (7,7') and the expansion device is in the form of a claw expansion device with at least two mutually engaged expansion device wheels (9,9').    USE - For supplying air to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Simple design and effective operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell with an inventive air supply device    compressor (5)    fuel cell (1)    expansion device (6)    compressor wheels (7,7')    expansion device wheels (9,9')
NOVELTY - The air supply device has a compressor (5) connected before the fuel cell (1) with at least one compressor housing. The compressor is in the form of a rotary disk compressor with at least one rotor mounted eccentrically relative to a working chamber inside the housing. The rotor is mounted using at least two bearing devices and can be driven by an electric motor.    USE - For supplying air to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Simple design and effective operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell with an inventive air supply device    compressor (5)    fuel cell (1)    cathode chamber (2)    anode chamber (3)    expander (6)
NOVELTY - Conversion of hydrocarbons comprises contacting a hydrocarbonaceous feed under predetermined conditions with a catalyst comprising a zeolite having a mole ratio greater than 15 of oxides of a first to a second tetravalent element, which is different from the first tetravalent element, trivalent element, and/or pentavalent element and having, after calcination, X-ray diffraction lines.    USE - For converting hydrocarbons, e.g. hydrocracking, dewaxing, improving the viscosity index of a dewaxed product of waxy hydrocarbon feeds, producing C20+ lube oil from C20+ olefin feed, increasing the octane of a hydrocarbon feedstock, catalytic cracking, isomerization of 4-7C hydrocarbons, (trans)alkylating an aromatic hydrocarbon, converting paraffins to aromatics, isomerizing or oligomerizing olefins, or production of higher molecular weight hydrocarbons from lower molecular weight hydrocarbons, e.g. methane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The SSZ-63 catalysts have high selectivity, and under hydrocarbon conversion conditions can provide a high percentage of desired products relative to total products.
NOVELTY - Drying plant-derived biomass (I) and producing biomass fuel comprises: (a) grinding plant-derived biomass; (b) treating the ground product in oil at 120-300 degreesC under a pressure higher than the vapor pressure of the oil at that temperature; and (c) drying the ground product at 120-200 degreesC (where the sequence of steps (b) and (c) is arbitrary).    USE - Drying plant-derived biomass is useful to produce biomass fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process provides an extremely economical method for efficiently drying plant-derived biomass for which there has been no established method for disposal and reuse. Drying in this way partly decomposes (I), yielding a good constituent for biomass fuel which does not increase the emission of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and so helps to reduce global warming.
NOVELTY - Continuous production of carbon monoxide-free hydrogen involves decomposition of methane or methane-rich hydrocarbon to hydrogen and carbon and gasification of carbon deposited on a solid catalyst comprising Group VIII metals by steam optionally in presence of oxygen, carried out simultaneously in two parallel or fixed bed reactors and collecting the product stream of two reactions separately.    USE - For continuous production of carbon monoxide-free hydrogen used in the petroleum refining and chemical industries for proton exchange membrane fuel cells and various hydro-treating and hydrogenation processes.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide-free hydrogen is produced at 600 - 900degreesC and avoids carbon build-up on the catalyst, catalyst deactivation and increase in a pressure drop across the catalyst bed during the process. Unlike previous steam reforming and auto thermal reforming processes, the conversion of methane and steam takes place separately in two different parallel reactors, so that when methane decomposition takes place in one reactor producing hydrogen and carbon deposited on the catalyst, at the same time the gasification of carbon by its reaction with steam and/or oxygen, producing carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and hydrogen, takes place in the second reactor, and these two reactions in two separate reactors occur in place in a cyclic manner. The thermodynamic barrier on both the reactions is much lower and also the conversion of methane is much higher.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic flow sheet of the process.    reactor A (1)    reactor B (2)    catalyst fixed bed (3)    feed A comprising methane or methane rich hydrocarbon (4)    feed B comprising steam optionally with oxygen or pure hydrogen or product of feed A (5)    carbon monoxide-free hydrogen with unconverted methane obtained from feed A (6)    feed stream switch over valve (8)    product stream switch over valve. (9)
NOVELTY - A vertical stack of dry distillation chambers (2) supplied with organic waste from the top, perform dry distillation in succession by heat from a heating chamber (3). The stirring components comprise rotary arms (12) in each dry distillation chamber rotated by a common shaft (11). The main stirring vanes (13) attached to one of the arms (12), have auxiliary stirring vanes (14), to move the material.    USE - Used for carbonizing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The height increase of accumulated material in each dry distillation chamber is prevented as auxiliary stirring vanes and main stirring vanes move the material on the floor of each chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual sectional view of the multi-stage carbonization furnace.    dry distillation chamber (2)    heating chamber (3)    drive shaft (11)    rotary arm (12)    main stirring vane (13)    auxiliary vane (14)
NOVELTY - Main pump (14) supplies air to evaporation unit (11), reforming unit (12) and carbon monoxide (CO) content reduction unit (13). Sub pump (15) with higher air supply capacity than main pump, is connected to evaporation unit, at upstream side of mixing unit to which air supply paths of pumps are connected. Main, sub pumps supply air to evaporation unit, when demand fuel-gas volume is low and high, respectively.    USE - For use in vehicle-mounted fuel cell system (claimed) used for electric power generation, for producing hydrogen-rich heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stably and efficiently supplying air to the reformer, based on the desired output of the fuel cell, by using two pumps of varying capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The evaporation unit evaporated fuel gas by combustion heat, to produce heating gas which is reformed by reforming unit, to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas which is fed to reduction unit which reduces CO content of reformed gas, to form hydrogen-rich heating gas. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vehicle-mounted fuel cell system which has fuel cell which receives hydrogen-rich heating gas from fuel reforming system, to produce electricity. The main and sub pumps supply air to evaporation unit, during low and high output states of the fuel cell, respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel reforming system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporation unit (11)    reforming unit (12)    CO content reduction unit (13)    main pump (14)    sub pump (15)
NOVELTY - A solid or powder-form organic fertilizer is added to a mixing vessel (1) containing predetermined amount of fluid medium and solubilized to generate a liquid organic fertilizer which meets the Japanese Agricultural Standard (JAS).    USE - The method is useful for manufacturing a liquid organic fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables production of liquid fertilizer with high quality. The solid organic fertilizer reliably dissolves in the fluid medium to obtain high quality liquid fertilizer. The solid organic fertilizer is pre-processed by pulverization, therefore organic fertilizer can be solubilized in a short time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus for manufacturing organic liquid fertilizer.    mixing vessel (1)    outlet (2)    hose (3)    oxygen enriched membrane apparatus (4)    blower (5)
NOVELTY - An organic-fertilizer pellet obtained by mixing a carrier which supports Actinomyces to prevent plant disease with organic waste, fermenting, composting and moulding by compression solidification, is new.    USE - For promoting plant growth and preventing plant disease such as cucumber vine crack disease, melon vine crack disease, strawberry chlorosis, spinach wilt, spinach grey leaf spot, welsh onion southern blight, cabbage downy mildew, soybeans violet root rot, potato rot disease, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic-fertilizer pellet has excellent plant growth promotion effect and plant disease prevention effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) manufacturing an organic-fertilizer pellet which involves mixing a carrier which supports Actinomyces to prevent plant disease with organic waste, fermenting, composting and moulding by compression solidification; and    (2) plant cultivation comprising mixing the organic-fertilizer pellet with culture soil for seedling, culture soil for seedling raising, culture soil for cutting, or whole field of the soil, and growing the plant in the soil.
NOVELTY - The method involves heating and cooling the shift reaction unit (1) and selective oxidation reaction unit (2), during starting and driving conditions by supplying combustion gas and air through the heat carrier flow path (12,22) in each reaction units, respectively. The combustion gas is produced by the combustion unit.    USE - For operating fuel reformation system (claimed) used for fuel cell system (claimed) used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The starting operation of the fuel reformation system is easily performed in short time. The thermal efficiency is improved. Energy consumption during driving state of the reformation system is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) operating method of fuel cell system;    (2) fuel reformation system; and    (3) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of the fuel reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    shift reaction unit (1)    oxidation reaction unit (2)    heat carrier flow path (12,22)    flow path switching unit (61,62)
NOVELTY - Grease gathering preventing vessel comprises a net bag (A) mounted on a wastewater inflow port for collecting and processing the solid type refuse during the flow of wastewater. A diffusion-tube apparatus (b1,b2) are provided at the lower portion of the net bag, and subsequently air is blown to suppress the putrefaction of solid-type refuse in net bag.    USE - For removing refuse and fats, and oils from wastewater ejected from plants such as restaurant, hotel, and foodstuffs factory (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The purification method easily removes fats and oils by lipolysis containing device which contains air permeable container with microbial bed of porous material capable of adsorbing microorganisms, limestone and levitation material, packed in grease gathering preventing vessel with a diffusion tube apparatus. The clogging of the strainer and putrefaction of the refuse mounted on the refuse tank, is prevented for a long period of time, thereby reducing the heavy cleaning of garbage receptacle cage and improving environmental hygiene around the installation of grease gathering preventing vessel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) garbage disposal equipment; and    (2) lipolysis processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of garbage disposal equipment containing grease gathering preventing vessels and lipolysis splitting processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    net mounting device (1)    grease gathering preventing vessel (2)    refuse treatment tank (3)    net bag (A)    diffusion tube apparatus (b1,b2)    lipolysis promoting devices (c1,c2)
NOVELTY - Pre-processing of organic waste comprising performing alkali reaction by supplying calcined lime into organic waste, is new.    USE - The method is useful for pre-processing organic waste for dry-type methane fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The pre-processing of organic waste is performed efficiently and economically. The method improves volume reduction of organic waste, ammonia reduction and solubilization. The amount of fermentation liquid settled is reduced. The organic waste is processed using a compact processing system. The necessity for secondary treatment is eliminated. The methane fermentation efficiency, survival of methane bacterium and extinction of harmful microbe, are improved by using calcined lime in the pre-processing method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing of organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing flow of dry-type methane fermentation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Raw material acceptance tank (1)    Alkali reaction volume-reduction tank (2)    Fan (3)    Calcined lime injection apparatus (4)    Gas purification apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - The oil-containing waste water is introduced to a treatment tank (1) filled with a support which has oil component absorption capacity. The oil component is adsorbed from the waste water. The waste water which remains in the support gap is flown out and the support is stirred by introducing air. The absorbed oil component is biologically decomposed and removed.    USE - The method is useful for processing oil-containing waste water ejected from foodstuff factory and kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The oil-containing component is effectively removed from waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for processing oil-containing waste water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus for processing oil-containing waste water.    Treatment tank (1)    Supply pipe (3)    Valve (4)    Water storage tank (5)    Stirrer (7)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing alcohol or organic acid involves hydrolyzing waste building materials by saccharification method to obtain saccharide, pre-processing saccharide solution by fermentation head end process and fermenting the saccharide solution. The fermentation head end process has evaporation process for evaporating and removing fermentation inhibitor from the saccharide solution.    USE - For manufacturing ethanol or lactic acid (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The waste building materials are effectively utilized as biomass raw material. The method enables to obtain high yield of alcohol or organic acid by removing fermentation inhibitor efficiently.
NOVELTY - The liquid fuel battery has a positive electrode (8) having oxygen-reducing property, a negative electrode (9) having fuel-oxidizing property, an electrolyte (10) provided between the positive and negative electrodes and a liquid fuel storage unit (3). The liquid fuel storage unit comprises carbon dioxide adsorption agent (6).    USE - For cordless apparatuses such as mobile telephone, and personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel battery is compact and provides high energy density. The liquid fuel battery efficiently removes carbon dioxide produced during cell reaction, and prevents leakage of the liquid fuel from the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon dioxide adsorption agent contains hydroxide group anion exchange resin. The adsorption agent is provided in powder, granular, thin film or fibrous form.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of the liquid fuel battery.    vent (1)    cover board (2)    liquid fuel storage portion (3)    fuel supply hole (3a)    liquid fuel (4)    liquid fuel impregnation material (5)    adsorption agent (6)    collector (7)    positive electrode (8)    negative electrode (9)    solid electrolyte (10)
NOVELTY - The porous liquid absorption holding component consists of a porous sintered compact formed by sintering metal powder, which surrounds a hole.    USE - For absorption and storing alcohol used as fuel for direct methanol type fuel cell used in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The porous liquid absorption holding component has strong absorption power by capillary action, and can hold large amount of liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an alcohol absorption holding component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows liquid absorption evaluation test. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Fuel modifier has a drain tank (83) for collecting liquefied original fuel or condensed water in any one of modification section (60) and carbon monoxide concentration reducing section (70), through a drain hole opened at bottom of a labyrinth structure.    USE - Producing hydrogen-rich heating gas for use in fuel cell-mounted electric vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Startability of the fuel cell system is improved by draining liquid during succeeding start-up operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An evaporator (50) vaporizes original fuel to produce heating gas. The heating gas is made to undergo steam modification, to obtain hydrogen-rich heating gas. The bottom of the modification section with catalyst is inclined with respect to horizontal surface. A pump recirculates the contents of the drain tank to the evaporator. The drain valves (81,82) are arranged in flow path between the drain tank and drain hole. A controller regulates operation of drain valve, corresponding to modification catalyst temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) fuel cell-mounted electric vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of principal portion of fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporator (50)    modification section (60)    catalyst (61)    carbon monoxide concentration reducing section (70)    drain valves (81,82)    drain tank (83)
NOVELTY - A primary solid heat insulating material (17) around a combustion chamber (13) which produces heat for modification of source gas so as to generate hydrogen-containing heating gas, is covered by a cloth-like secondary heat insulating material (19) with inorganic fiber.    USE - For producing hydrogen-containing heating gas for fuel cell e.g. polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Decreases leakage of heat from combustion chamber by the primary and secondary heat insulating materials. The primary heat insulating material is reinforced by the secondary heat insulating material and hence its strength is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of fuel modifier.    fuel modifier (1)    combustion chamber (13)    primary heat insulating material (17)    secondary heat insulating material (19)    air supply port (35)
NOVELTY - The modifier is equipped with catalyst which produces hydrogen-rich gas by the modification reaction of fuel containing organic compound having hydrogen atom and water, and a heating unit to supply heat required for the modification reaction. The ratio of catalyst amount to heating surface area for modification is 0.3-0.8.    USE - For fuel cell used as domestic electrical output.    ADVANTAGE - The modifier is simple, compact and stable for longer duration. The modification reaction is performed by high gas phase velocity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows relationship between quality improvement rate and ratio of catalyst amount to heating surface area. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An apparatus carries out steam reforming of hydrocarbon by reacting with oxygen-containing compounds and produces a hydrogen-containing gas. The oxygen-containing compound is methanol, ethanol or dimethyl ether.    USE - For steam reforming hydrocarbons (claimed) such as naphtha and kerosene and for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus efficiently manufactures hydrogen-containing gas in reduced time. Reservation of hydrogen or inert gas is prevented and activity reduction resulting from carbonaceous adhesion is restrained during manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the apparatus used for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tanks (1,2)    water vapor supply unit (3)    low temperature water vapor modification-reaction device (4)    high temperature water vapor modification-reaction device (5)
NOVELTY - A mixing unit (18) mixes reformed gas supplied from a reformed-gas supply port (12) and air supplied from an air-supply port (13). The air-mixed reformed gas is supplied to a carbon monoxide reduction portion (14) filled with a carbon monoxide reduction catalyst. The gas containing less amount of carbon monoxide is ejected through a reformed-gas outlet (15).    USE - For reducing carbon monoxide gas in reformed gas supplied to load installations such as fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform mixing of the reformed gas and the air, reducing the amount of carbon monoxide in the air efficiently. The consumption of the hydrogen in the reformed gas is reduced. Ensures stable supply of high concentration hydrogen to the load installations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixing unit has constriction portion (19) connected to an exit side of an unification portion (18). An enlargement area (20) is connected to an exit side of an constriction portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the carbon monoxide reduction apparatus.    reformed-gas supply port (12)    air-supply port (13)    carbon monoxide reduction portion (14)    reformed-gas outlet (15)    mixing unit (16)    unification portion (18)    constriction portion (19)    enlargement area (20)
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition contains difluoromethane (in wt.%) (10-25), pentafluoroethane (20-60), 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (20-60) and 3-5C hydrocarbon(s) (2-5).    USE - Substitute for chlorodifluoromethane (R22) refrigerant used for refrigerating units and air-conditioners.    ADVANTAGE - The refrigerant composition has improved coefficient of performance and high volume refrigerating capacity. It does not destroy the ozone layer and hence is effectively utilized as substituent for chlorodifluoromethane refrigerant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a refrigerating unit.    Oil separator (2)    Condenser (3)    Subcooler (5)    Expansion valve (6,8)    Evaporator (7)    Refrigerating unit (10)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen-permeating alloy film contains palladium or palladium alloy comprising 1-20 atomic% of boron. The palladium alloy has face-centered-cubic crystal structure of lattice constant, at room temperature, of 0.39 nm or more.    USE - For hydrogen permeating component (claimed) used for purification and separation apparatus of hydrogen gas for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen permeating film has excellent ability of selectively permeating and separating the hydrogen from a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The palladium alloy further contains copper, silver and/or gold, and yttrium and/or lanthanides. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen permeating component; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen permeating component.
NOVELTY - A reactor (30) performs modification reaction of hydrocarbon using heat accompanied with electric power generation reaction in solid oxide fuel cell (22). The reaction heating gas from fuel cell (22) is supplied to carbon monoxide converters (32,33) and carbon dioxide separator (67). The gas with removed carbon dioxide is supplied to the polymer electrolyte fuel cell (62).    USE - For electric power unit and co-generation unit installed in building. Also used in large sized power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the electric power generation efficiency of the whole fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a system block diagram of the solid oxide type fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid oxide fuel cell (22)    de-sulfuring apparatus (26)    fuel ejector (28)    modification reactor (30)    carbon monoxide converters (32,33)    polymer electrolyte fuel cell (62)    carbon dioxide separator (67)
NOVELTY - The gas mixture is reacted with water, to separate hydrochloric acid and dehydrochlorination gas. The dehydrochlorination gas is reacted with aqueous ammonia, to separate urea solution, dehydrochlorination gas and phosgene gas. The resulting dehydrochlorination gas is reacted with solvents containing organic substances other than that contained in the mixture, to separate the organic substance and non-absorbed gas.    USE - For measuring concentration of organic substance in gas mixture containing hydrogen chloride and phosgene along with organic substances such as aromatic hydrocarbons, aliphatic hydrocarbons such as ethane, ethylene, acetylene, propane, propylene, benzene, toluene, xylene, carbon disulfide, chloroform, carbon tetrachloride, hexachloroethane, monochlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, hexachlorobenzene, etc., using gravimetric measurement method, neutralization analysis method, ion chromatography, liquid-phase chromatography and hydrometer method.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to safely measures the concentration of hydrogen chloride, phosgene, organic substance using a simple and advantageous process.
NOVELTY - The fuel reformer (11) has a solid oxide electrolyte film (14) having catalyst. The electrolyte film is capable of permeating oxygen ion from fluid containing oxygen. The oxygen ion and hydrocarbon group fuel are reacted in presence of the catalyst, and produces carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    USE - For fuel modification, turbine power generation equipment and nuclear paraphernalia (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer produces fuel with more flammable component. Efficient electric power generation is carried out.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel modification method;    (2) turbine power generation equipment; and    (3) nuclear paraphernalia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (11)    exhaust gas route (12)    catalyst layer (13)    solid oxide electrolyte film (14)    temperature-rise pipe (15)
NOVELTY - A stirrer (2) mixes the organic refuse with the processing base material (6) stored in a treatment tank (5). The temperature of the organic refuse in the tank is maintained within 70 degreesC or less. A control unit controls the moisture content so that moisture content area is within 20% or less.    USE - The disposer is useful for processing organic refuse ejected from the office or home.    ADVANTAGE - The biodegradation smell such as ammonia, methyl disulfide produced during processing is easily restrained. The organic refuse processing efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A ventilation fan (3) is connected to a ventilation gas flow path (4). A heater (7) is provided to heat the contents in the treatment tank. A sensor detects the injection of organic refuse into the tank. After fixed time from the injection of the organic refuse, sterilization mode is operated to heat the content at 60-70 degreesC. The organic refuse is dried at a temperature of 60 degreesC. The operation of ventilation fan is stopped during sterilization motor. The operation of the heater is stopped, when the moisture content detected by the sensor (10) is below predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse disposer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Stirrer (2)    Ventilation fan (3)    Ventilation gas flow path (4)    Treatment tank (5)    Base material (6)    Heater (7)    Sensor (10)
NOVELTY - A cooling unit (3) antifreezes the fuel cell (2), so as to separate the water using water soluble polymer. The humidification units (4,5) humidifies the hydrogen gas supplied to fuel cell, using the separated water, and the oxidizing-agent gas.    USE - Fuel cell system including phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate type fuel cell, solid oxide fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the purity of separated water, and ensures efficient humidification of gas supplied to fuel cell. Thus improvement in battery property is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    fuel cell (2)    cooling unit (3)    humidification units (4,5)
NOVELTY - The slurry fuel (10) produced from organic waste (13) is stirred by applying pressure.    USE - For storing slurry fuel produced using organic sludge, biomass, organic solid waste of agricultural products, such as timber, wood chip, wheat, straw and excrements of livestock, carcass of fish and shellfish, before supplying it to a combustion engine in an electrical power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - High pressure energy during manufacture of slurry fuel is exploited efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for;    (1) A fuel system; and    (2) An electrical power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above electrical power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electrical power generation system (1)    solid waste (3)    reactor (5)    fuel storage apparatus (8)    slurry fuel (10)    combustion apparatus (11)    organic waste (13)
NOVELTY - The plant has a recycle furnace (1) which implements the carbonization process or dry distillation process of waste materials and a mixed combustion furnace (2) which burns the combustible gas generated in the recycle furnace by supplying a secondary fuel as required. A soot blower (SB) sprays pressurized fluid to blow away the attachments from the inlet port of mixed combustion furnace.    USE - For recycling waste materials including waste-plastic articles and industrial wastes by thermal decomposition.    ADVANTAGE - The condensation component, dust etc. adhering to the inlet port of mixed combustion furnace are easily removed, by spraying pressurized fluid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of waste recycle plant.    Recycle furnace (1)    Combustion chamber (1a)    Reaction chamber (1b)    Mixed combustion furnace (2)    Soot blower (SB)
NOVELTY - A styrene resin foam is formed by performing extrusion foaming of a styrene resin. The foam contains ammonium sulfate as a flame retardant.    USE - As foam for heat insulation material for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The styrene resin foam has excellent flame retardance, manufacture stability and thermal insulation. The foam has favorable environmental suitability and density, and utilizes non-halogen type flame retardant. The styrene resin extrusion foam molded product has excellent heat stability at the time of manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of styrene resin foam. The styrene resin is heat-melted. A foaming agent is added to the styrene resin, and extrusion foaming is performed at a low voltage region. Ammonium sulfate, one or more types of compound chosen from saturated hydrocarbon with carbon number of 3-5, another foaming agent as required, one or more types of compound chosen from nitrogen compounds other than ammonium sulfate, a boron-containing compound and a phosphorus-containing compound, are added to the styrene resin and extrusion foaming is performed.
NOVELTY - A fuel storage unit (20) stores fuel used as raw material for the battery (10) to produce hydrogen gas. An opening (21) is provided in the storage unit, using which fuel is replenished from exterior.    USE - Battery for light source in portable-type endoscope.    ADVANTAGE - The lighting is provided for long time, without interrupting the endoscopic observation by refueling the fuel storage unit through opening, even when residual amount of fuel in storage unit, is decreased and the electromotive force of the battery is in insufficient state.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the battery.    operating unit (2)    battery (10)    housing (11)    fuel storage unit (20)    opening (21)    electric power generation unit (30)
NOVELTY - The procedure for reducing sludge production in domestic or industrial waste water anaerobic treatment plants includes a stage, independent of the water treatment line, for aerobic biological solubilisation by a thermophilic enzyme process, associated with an anaerobic digestion stage that is mesophilic and/or thermophilic.    USE - The method is useful for the treatment of domestic or industrial waste water with reduced sludge production.    ADVANTAGE - The procedure reduces the production of sludge and its content of microscopic pathogens, and cuts the cost of disposing of it.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The biological solubilisation process can be located upstream or downstream of the anaerobic digestion stage, or is situated in a branch circuit in parallel with it. The procedure also incorporates a secondary dephosphatation stage in the sludge reduction circuit in addition to the one in the main treatment line, with phosphorus pollution eliminated by chemical precipitation by the addition of metallic salts and/or mineral compounds. In addition, the system is self-balanced for energy, with part of the biogas produced during anaerobic digestion of sludge used as an energy source for heating or maintaining the temperatiure of the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic representation of the procedure.    Aerobic zone (A)    Enzymatic solubilisation reactor (B)    Secondary clarifier (C)    Anaerobic digester (DA)    Digested sludge rier (DH)    phosphorus precipitation units (DP1, DP2)    Sludge thickener (EP)    Anaerobic zone (R)
NOVELTY - The gas detector (20) consists of a fixed emitter (21) producing an optical, e.g. infrared, beam and a fixed receiver (22) that receives it after it has passed along a given track (23), and a means of detecting and calculating the amounts of gases present in the air. The emitter and receiver are mounted on the back of a motor vehicle (10), e.g. on a trailer hitch, together with a plastic deflector (30) to direct the gases between them. A suction unit can be incorporated to accelerate the movement of the gas flow across the emitter beam, and the vehicle also has an exhaust pipe attachment to direct exhaust gases away from the detector.    USE - Detecting air in gases at ground level, e.g. methane leaking from underground natural gas distribution systems.    ADVANTAGE - The rear-mounted emitter and receiver are protected from possible front impacts, while the deflector ensures that ground-level gases are directed between them.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the gas detector vehicle.    Motor vehicle (10)    Gas detector (20)    Emitter (21)    Receiver (22)    Optical beam track (23)    Deflector (30)
NOVELTY - The catalytic converter monitoring and regulating procedure calculates the sorption and desorption processes of the different exhaust gas components according to algorithms based on the principle of minimal entropy production (MEP).    USE - Monitoring and regulating vehicle engine exhaust catalytic converter.    ADVANTAGE - The procedure provides most efficient monitoring of the physical and chemical conditions of the catalytic converter in space and time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The calculation is carried out using a predetermined characteristic emission field for the i.c. engine (15), and the state of accumulation calculated for the catalytic converter relative to the different exhaust gas components is used to optimize or regulate the engine operating mode as far as consumption is concerned. The procedure uses a control apparatus (3), a data memory (4), a computer for the rapid MEP algorithms, and one or more sensors (17, 18) to transmit measured values to the computer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic view of the catalytic converter monitoring and regulating system.    Catalytic converter (2)    Control apparatus (3)    Data memory (4)    Engine time data (9)    Characteristic field for engine (10)    Characteristic field for emissions (11)    Catalytic converter time data (12, 13)    I.c. engine (15)    Sensors (17, 18)
NOVELTY - A hearing device (1) comprises a signal processing unit (3) and a fuel cell (4) to supply the signal processing unit with energy, where the fuel tank of the fuel cell comprises a membrane (5) or an area with micro openings, to let the fluid or gas to be used by the fuel cell pass into the fuel tank, and to block other fluids from entering the fuel tank.    USE - Used as e.g. behind-the-ear hearing aids or in-the-ear hearing aids or hearing instruments.    ADVANTAGE - The use of mechanical vents and resulting drawbacks may be prevented, by using the membrane or micro openings. The refilling of fuel cells with the membranes or micro openings may be performed very easy, and without the need of special knowledge or skill. By regularly refilling the hearing device, it is at the same time cleaned and thus in a clean state, which diminishes a manual cleaning of the hearing device by the user, and enhances the perceived state of appearance and quality of the hearing device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method of filling a fuel tank of a hearing device, by placing the hearing device into a refilling container with fuel fluid or gas, such that the membrane or area with micro openings are fully covered by the fuel fluid or gas; and    (b) a method of cleaning the outside of hearing device by applying fuel fluid or gas to the outside.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a hearing device in form of a behind-the-ear hearing aid with a fuel cell.    Hearing device (1)    Shell (2)    Signal processing unit (3)    Fuel cell (4)    Membrane (5)
NOVELTY - The module has cathode and anode (13) fluid flow plates with channels to convey respective gases to cathode and anode diffusion layers (12, 14), respectively. Cell units (10) of a fuel cell stack (1) are separated by the module such that the gases are conveyed to respective diffusion layers via the channels. A coolant fluid flow plate (53) conveys a coolant between the cathode and anode plates.    USE - Used in a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The integrated module largely saves and enhances the assembly work of a fuel cell stack and makes the work faster. The integrated module greatly simplifies the structure of fuel cell stack. The module reduces the production time. The coolant removes heat from the cell units when it flows through the channels of the coolant fluid flow plate, thereby keeping the fuel cell stack within an appropriate operation temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of a fuel cell stack with integrated bipolar module.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Cell units (10)    Membrane electrode assembly (11)    Anode gas diffusion layer (12)    Anode fluid flow plate (13)    Cathode gas diffusion layer (14)    Coolant fluid flow plate (53)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a fuel cell (1) with an anode (2) and a cathode (3) and an intermediate polymer electrolyte (4), the anode having an input (9) and an output (10) in contact with a fuel distribution system having an anode circuit (A) for circulation of a fuel/water mixture and a dosing device (15,16,17) for supplying fuel to the anode circuit, coupled to the input section of the latter. The fuel dosing device is followed by a mixing device (19) for mixing the liquid fuel with the fuel/water mixture to obtain a homogenous mixture.    USE - The fuel cell system is used for powering the propulsion drive for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel dosing and mixing allows rapid response of fuel cell system to loading variations of propulsion drive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of an anode circuit for a fuel cell system for a propulsion drive.    Fuel cell (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Polymer electrolyte (4)    Anode input (9)    Anode output (10)    Dosing device (15,16,17)    Mixing device (19)    Anode circuit (A)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system uses a number of polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell stacks which are operated at different temperatures, the cathode gases initially supplied to one or more fuel cell stacks (A1,A2) with a lower operating temperature before being supplied to one or more fuel cell stacks (B) with a higher operating temperature.    USE - The fuel cell system is used for electrochemical generation of energy, e.g. for use in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Feed of cathode gases to fuel cell stack with lower operating temperature before fuel cell stack with higher operating temperature provides improved efficiency during continuous operation of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stacks with lower operating temperature (A1,A2)    Fuel cell stack with higher operating temperature (B)
NOVELTY - The present invention provides a long-acting microbial water purifying agent and its production process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The long-acting microbial water purifying agent is microbial fermented liquid containing six kinds of bacteria, including lichenized bacillus AS1.813, megabacillus ACCC10008, fluorescent pseudomonas AS1.867, malodorous pseudomonas AS1.1003, streptobacillus AB93179 and geotrichum candidum AS2.1175, in the total number over 5.0E9 cfu/ml. It is prepared through slant culture and the first stage liquid activating culture of the kinds of bacteria, mixed activating culture in seed tank, mixed fermentation culture in large fermentation tank, and replenishing nutritive liquid during maintaining. The product of the present invention may be used in purification of water for aquatic breeding, including fresh water and sea water.
NOVELTY - The biological treating method of waste liquid of molasses alcohol includes: (a) inoculating polystictus versicolar strain to waste liquid of molasses alcohol; (b) fermentation to obtain fermented liquid; and (c) separating the fermented liquid to obtain clear liquid and polystictus versicolar mycelium.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The said process can bleach color matter in the waste liquid of molasses alcohol to produce obvious decoloring effect; and can extract polystictus versicolar polysaccharide and other polystictus versicolar mycelium extractives as food and medicine material. The present invention combines environment tackling and food and medicine resource development.
NOVELTY - The process of absorbing and recovering acid gas, especially CO2 or CO2 and H2S, in gas mixture with methane includes methane absorption of acid gas, desorption of rich-methane solution, gas stripping, heating to separate acid gas. The process features that propylene chiller or vacuum ammonia chiller is increased before the system ammonia cooler to increase cold replenishing amount to the system so as to solve the problem of lowered methane cooling effect and system temperature raise during desorption caused by decreased CO2 content. The said low temperature methanol washing process is suitable for gas purifying device with light material and/or heavy material.
NOVELTY - An efficient ecological organic fertilizer used for culturing organic food and green food is prepared through calculating the contents of needed nutrients, dissolving to obtain solution and spraying the solution onto the organic substance or fertilizer whose water content is less than 20%. Its advantages are complete and balanced nutrients, high fertility and durable acting.
NOVELTY - A multi-resistant microbial fertilizer is prepared from jelly-like bacillus, Bacillus licheniformis, Jingyang streptomycete and trichoderma through determining the proper culture and fermenting conditions, slant culturing, Erlenmeyer flask culturing, fermenting and/or solid culturing, proportional mixing and adsorbing by carrier. Its application method is also disclosed.
NOVELTY - Increasing oil recovery from oil reservoir by injecting gas into reservoir, separating air into oxygen- and nitrogen-rich fractions, providing and leading natural gas stream and part of oxygen-rich fraction to reformer, forming higher hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in synthesis unit, withdrawing raw synthesis products and waste gas from synthesis unit, and injecting nitrogen-rich fraction and part of waste gas into oil reservoir.    USE - For increasing oil recovery from oil reservoir.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows simple and energy efficient operation of the plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Increasing oil recovery from oil reservoir comprises injecting gas into the reservoir, separating air into an oxygen- and nitrogen-rich fractions, providing natural gas stream, leading natural gas stream and part(s) of oxygen-rich fraction to reformer (8) for conversion to synthesis gas, forming higher hydrocarbons from synthesis gas in synthesis unit, withdrawing raw synthesis products and waste gas from the synthesis unit, and injecting nitrogen-rich fraction and part(s) of waste gas into the oil reservoir to increase the oil recovery from the reservoir. The synthesis gas comprises hydrogen gas, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, non-converted methane, water vapor and nitrogen.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas providing plant for down hole injection for pressure support in an oil reservoir for recovery of hydrocarbons and production of oxygenated or higher hydrocarbons from natural gas comprising air separation unit (2), reformer, synthesis unit (15, 56), gas injector (6), nitrogen transferring mechanism, and waste gas transferring mechanism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the invention.    Air separation unit (2)    Gas injector (6)    Reformer (8)    Synthesis unit (15, 56)
NOVELTY - De-phosphatation of manure involves adding by-products of electrolysis and foundry (BPEF) to liquid manure with stirring; letting the manure-containing BPEF to separate into a solid fraction and a liquid fraction, where the solid fraction deposits in the manure pit; and separating the liquid and solid fractions. The liquid fractions contains phosphorus (less than 50%) initially contained in the manure. The phosphorus is found in the solid fractions.    USE - For de-phosphatation of manure use as fertilizers e.g. a slow-release organomineral fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, direct and more important to solves the problems of magnesium industry and of the pig and swine production farms using by-products of electrolysis and foundry (BPEF) produced in magnesium industry for removing a significant portion of the phosphate and phosphorus form the liquid fraction of pig and swine, allowing for the spreading of such manure over agricultural lands rich in phosphorus, without being detrimental to the environment.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell power plant has a reactant passage (22) for providing reactant to an electrolyte, liquid passages (24a,24b), and a porous material that is liquid permeable and conductive for separating reactant passage and liquid passages. Reactant flows into reactant passage having upstream portion adjacent a reactant passage inlet (41) and a downstream portion adjacent a reactant passage outlet (45).    USE - For operating fuel cell power plant used as power sources for electrical apparatus in space vehicles, power sources in automotive applications, and as stationary electricity generators for buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Provides liquid outlet pressure that is below an ambient pressure at liquid passage outlet. Simultaneously humidifies incoming reactant and removes excess liquid from reactant passages.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Liquid flows in the liquid passages. Pressure profile is controlled to provide pressure difference in upstream portion and a negative pressure difference in the downstream portion. The positive pressure difference pushes liquid in the liquid passage to the upstream portion through the porous material.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of a fuel cell unit with two independent coolant channels, one of them being dead-ended.    Reactant passage (22)    Liquid passages (24a,24b)    Reactant passage inlet (41)    Reactant passage outlet (45)
NOVELTY - The system (10) includes a thermoelectric device (14) in thermal communication with a fuel reformer (12).    USE - For use in a vehicle or stationary power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Includes a thermoelectric device that generates electrical energy that can be used for a wide variety of applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for generating electrical energy using the fuel reforming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view showing the fuel reformer, thermoelectric device, and a battery electrically coupled to the thermoelectric device to receive electrical energy from the thermoelectric device.    Fuel reforming system (10)    Fuel reformer (12)    Thermoelectric device (14)    Plasma generator (15)    Reactor (16)
NOVELTY - A health monitoring system useful in monitoring health of equipment, i.e. electric power distribution transformers, comprises a micro gas detector connected to an equipment so as to detect a gas from the equipment; and a processor connected to the micro gas detector.    USE - Useful in monitoring health of equipment, i.e. electric power distribution transformers (13), so that any equipment susceptible to failure can be detected, watched, and/or repaired or replaced.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive system detects and analyzes very small amounts of fault gases in an inexpensive and efficient manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a system for monitoring health of ambient air, comprising a micro gas detector having phased heaters; and a microcontroller/processor connected to the micro gas detector; and    (b) an equipment health monitor (11), comprising a micro gas detector, having phased heaters, near the equipment being monitored; and a processor connected to the micro gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an illustration of a health monitor for equipment.    Monitor (11)    Transformer (13)    Air supply tube (17)    Input tube (19)    Exit tube (37)
NOVELTY - A thermoplastic compound comprises a mixture of macrocyclic poly(alkylene dicarboxylate)oligomer (A1) and a property-modifying additive (B1). (B1) is a thermal conductivity additive, electrical conductivity additive, sound dampening additive, ionizing-radiation-opacity additive and/or atomic- particle-moderating additive.    USE - For preparing articles (claimed) with enhanced thermal conductivity such as heat sinks for computer chip mounts, fuel cell radiators and aircraft leading edges; with enhanced electrical conductivity such as bipolar plates for fuel cells, computer enclosures and electrodes; with enhanced sound dampening such as automobile interiors and building interiors; with enhanced ionizing radiation opacity and/or atomic particle moderation such as medical instruments, radioactive containers, radiation dosimeters and detection equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Addition of the specific property-modifying additive enhances the value and use performance of macrocyclic poly(alkylene dicarboxylate)oligomer in thermoplastic applications.
NOVELTY - A flexural plate wave agitator comprises a monocrystalline silicon substrate; an amorphous oxide material overlying the substrate; a monocrystalline perovskite oxide material overlying the amorphous oxide material; a monocrystalline piezoelectric material overlying the monocrystalline perovskite oxide material; and a flexural plate wave device over or on the piezoelectric material.    USE - For acoustic wave device such as flexural plate wave micro-pumps, micro-filters and sensor elements having epitaxial PZT piezoelectric membranes. Also for pumping of fuel and/or fuel components in a fuel cell system and/or device; chromatographic separators, liquid and gas phase detection systems for chemical and biological agent detection for purposes of counter-terrorism and nonproliferation, small dosage in vivo drug release, sensing devices such as artificial noses, virus/antibody detection devices, and on-chip cooling systems. For the fabrication of integrated circuit (claimed) used in portable devices, e.g. cellular telephones, wireless personal digital assistants, two-way pagers, or two-way radios.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive flexural wave plate agitator is formed from high-quality, highly-ordered, monocrystalline piezoelectric material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a particle separation device employing a flexural plate wave agitator of the invention.    Surfaces (300, 305)    Fluid inlet (320)    Support features (325, 335)    Fluid outlet (330)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises: an auto-thermal reformer for producing a heated reformate from a provided fuel mixture through a chemical reaction; a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the auto-thermal reformer for receiving the heated reformate; and a thermoelectric module disposed in thermal communication with a portion of the heat exchanger, and adapted to produce electricity from the heated reformate.    USE - For use in automobiles or homes.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can achieve higher overall system efficiencies in small-scale, highly integrated fuel cell systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of operating a fuel cell system; and    (b) a method of generating heat and electrical energy.    The fuel cell system is operated by operating an auto-thermal reformer to produce a reformate with thermal energy. The reformate is provided to a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the auto-thermal reformer. A portion of the thermal energy of the reformate in the heat exchanger is harnessed. The thermal energy is transformed into electricity. Heat and electrical energy are generated by supplying a fuel mixture to an auto-thermal reactor to generate a reformate. A temperature differential is generated across a thermal-to-electric device to generate electricity for secondary power. Components of the fuel mixture in a heat exchanger are pre-heated. The pre-heating comprises heat from the reformats. The thermal-to-electric device is in thermal communication with the heat exchanger. The reformate is supplied to a fuel cell stack for generating electricity for primary power and secondary heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a thermoelectric power generator module.    Thermoelectric module (10)    Thermoelectric elements (12)    Electrical insulators (20, 22)    Heat conduction wall (24, 26)
NOVELTY - Bipolar plate (10) comprises a metal substrate (12), and a metallic corrosion-resistant layer (14) provided within a boundary region (15) of the substrate by impinging metallic powdered particles into the boundary region at high velocities so that the impinged metallic powdered particles splat across and embed in the boundary region to metallurgically interlock with the substrate.    USE - For proton exchange membrane fuel cell used in high-duty vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate is cost-effective and corrosion-resistant. It has improved resistance to mechanical and thermal stresses. It has a robust structure that can withstand increased loads.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing a metallic bipolar plate, comprising:    providing metallic particles with high kinetic energy, the metallic particles being metals or metal alloys exhibiting anti-corrosion characteristics;    impinging the highly energized metallic particles against a metal substrate at high velocities, thus splatting, embedding, diffusing, and interlocking the metallic particles with the metal substrate in a boundary region to form a metallic corrosion-resistant layer within the boundary region of the metal substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an illustration of the method for producing the bipolar plates by the high velocity oxygen fuel.    Bipolar plate (10)    Substrate (12)    Metallic corrosion-resistant layer (14)    Boundary region (15)    Heated plate (36)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (10) generates electric power based on electrochemical reaction between oxidizing gas and fuel gas. When power generation by the fuel cell is terminated, the electric energy generated by the fuel cell is consumed in electrically driven accessories (21) under the condition that feed of at least one of the oxidizing gas and fuel gas is stopped by air valves (22,23) and a hydrogen valve (32).    USE - For e.g. automotive vehicles, marine vessels, portable power generators and other mobile devices.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents or suppresses cathode electrode from deteriorating due to adverse influences given from reaction gas remaining in fuel cell when power generation is stopped. Enables diagnosis of cross-leak phenomenon according to which reaction gas leaks via electrolyte membrane to opposite electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram showing an overall arrangement of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (10)    Electrically driven accessories (21)    Air valves (22,23)    Hydrogen valve (32)
NOVELTY - Ion exchange membrane fuel cell (50) is arranged at a geographic location (20). The fuel gas (30) consumed by the ion exchange membrane fuel cell to produce electricity, is mixed with the natural gas (11) supplied to the geographic location.    USE - For delivering fuel gas such as hydrogen to fuel cell used for electric power generation in industry, residence.    ADVANTAGE - Performs discharge of gas conveniently to various geographic locations. The electric power is significantly and conveniently generated at reduced cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gas delivery apparatus.    natural gas (11)    conduits (13,15,16,21)    geographic location (20)    fuel gas (30)    fuel cell (50)
NOVELTY - Invention is designed for use on plots of country cottages and farmsteads for producing fuel biogas and high-quality disinfected organic fertilizers from vegetable waste, fecal, dung and cattle droppings and poultry manure by method of anaerobic fermentation.    USE - Public services and agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - Enlarged operating capabilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Proposed methane tank for anaerobic fermentation of diluted organic waste contains vertically installed cylindrical reservoir with conical bottom and dome with dividing concentric partition in form of truncated cone connected to dome from below without reaching the bottom. Base of cone points to bottom of reservoir. Said partition divides reservoir into outer and inner chamber. Methane tank is provided with branch pipes to let in diluted organic waste into outer chamber and let out fermented sediment from inner chamber, and also branch pipes to let out biogas from gas collector in reservoir dome and outer chamber. Slots or round holes are made over perimeter of connection of dividing concentric partition in form of truncated cone to conical dome to let out biogas from outer chamber into upper part on inner chamber. Branch pipe to let in diluted organic waste into outer chamber is made over outer chamber in conical dome in form of vertical stand pipe with funnel secured from top or made detachable, and with t-pipe from bottom. Brach pipe to let out fermented sediment from inner chamber is made in form of pipe with connected tap, mark of threshold of connection of tap to pipe being higher than mark of base of gas collector on conical dome. Invention provides easy manufacture and operation of methane tank and efficiency of its use at vegetable and garden plots and farmsteads.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of compost using food waste is provided, which is characterized by using chicken waste in fermentation of food waste for fast fermentation.    USE - Manufacturing of compost.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the quality of compost and increases productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The compost is manufactured by dehydrating food waste to be 30 wt.% of moisture content and fermenting 65-70 parts by weight of food waste, 15-20 parts by weight of one or more of saw dust, rice bran and rice straw as carbon sources, and 7-13 parts by weight of chicken waste at 20 deg.C for 30 days, where amino acid and ammonia contained in chicken waste promote the fermentation process.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion alloy has a titanium-vanadium-chromium-molybdenum-type alloy as main component. The component ratio of vanadium and molybdenum in the hydrogen occlusion alloy, are 10-17.5 mol% and 1-5 mol%, respectively.    USE - For hydrogen storage system (claimed) used for motor vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicle and apparatus for transport.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion alloy has excellent hydrogen storage capacity per metal unit weight, and is manufactured economically. The alloy provides lightweight hydrogen storage system. The flight range of the fuel cell electric vehicle is lengthened by using the hydrogen storage system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of hydrogen occlusion alloy, which involves performing rapid solidification of the molten metal alloy at a cooling rate of 1000 degrees Celsius/second or more; and    (2) hydrogen storage system, in which the pressure during hydrogen filling is 3 MPa or more, and uses hydrogen occlusion alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the outline of hydrogen storage system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen cylinder (1)    main tank (2)    heat exchanger for main tank (3)    regulator (4)    pressure indicator (5)
NOVELTY - An activation system for microorganisms reactor, consists of culture tank (3) provided before main fermentation tank (14). The logarithmic growth of reaction microorganisms (1) is carried out in culture tank having strong magnetic field of two teslas or more and transferred to the main reaction tank.    USE - The system is useful for microorganisms reactor such as brewing fermentation and anaerobic methane fermentation (claimed) for manufacturing pharmaceuticals, fermented food, etc., by yeast, and for processing sewage.    ADVANTAGE - The activation system is cost effective and improves the productivity of reaction microorganisms such as yeast in a short period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the drawing of activation system in aerobic brewing fermentation.    Reaction microorganisms (1)    Culture tank (3)    Circuit (6)    Suspension of reaction microorganisms (8)    Main fermentation tank (14)
NOVELTY - The system has a solar cell (11) that supplies power to a water electrolyzer (12) for producing hydrogen by electrolysis, and a fuel cell (16) for supplying power to a load (20). An inverter is switched to connect electric power unit (21) to load if output of the fuel cell is insufficient to drive the load.    USE - Electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Electric power generation system capable of effectively utilizing solar energy is realized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electric power generation system (10)    solar cell (11)    water electrolyzer (12)    fuel cell (16)    load (20)    electric power unit (21)
NOVELTY - An ejector (11) is connected to the central portion of the inlet block (21) of a humidifier (18). The pressure governing valve (7), non-return valve (10) and the bypass valve (15) are arranged above, near and below the ejector, respectively and are connected to the inlet block.    USE - Integrated structure of fuel supply device for fuel cell system of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel consumption is reduced and the supply of gas is performed through a shortest path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the integrated structure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pressure governing valve (7)    non-return valve (10)    ejector (11)    bypass valve (15)    humidifier (18)    inlet block (21)
NOVELTY - The halogen-containing flammables is made to react with alkali-containing material. The reacted material is heated in an atmosphere containing water vapor and/or oxygen, for neutralization of halogen and alkali. The halogen is separated from the gas generated during thermal decomposition of the halogen, for producing useful gas.    USE - For producing useful gas such as hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to utilize heat energy produced during reaction of the halogen-containing flammables and alkali-containing material for neutralization process. The ejection of toxic substance into the atmosphere is prevented, by using waste plastic as halogen-containing flammables.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alkali containing material is selected from the group consisting of glass, ceramic fiber, glass-fiber reinforcement plastics, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, shell of shellfish, solid obtained by burning of plants. The halogen-containing flammables react with the alkali-containing materials. The heat generated during partial combustion of the flammables in a reaction area is supplied for thermal decomposition and neutralization reaction. The salt produced during neutralization are sodium chloride (NaCl), potassium chloride (KCl), sodium fluoride (NaF), calcium chloride (CaCl2), potassium fluoride (KF), sodium bromide (NaBr), potassium bromide (KBr) or calcium bromide (CaBr2).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gasification reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gas production apparatus.    supply apparatus for alkali-containing material and halogen-containing flammables (1B)    backflow prevention valve (5A)    moving bed (9A)    wax tarry feeder (10A)    gas exhaust port (20)
NOVELTY - Gas generator produces hydrogen gas based on the reaction of water-reactive substances with seawater. The water-reactive substances form a solid block (7) whose density corresponds to the density of the seawater. The reaction is carried out under atmospheric pressure. The solid block consists of a mixture of a mixture of lithium hydride, calcium hydride and a low melting water-reactive metal.    USE - For supplying fuel to a fuel cell of an underwater vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The generator can be safely operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of a gas generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the gas generator.    Housing (1)    Feed and runoff filter (2)    Gas removal connection (4)    Frame (5)    Block (7)
NOVELTY - A biomass cracking and liquefying system has a Z-shaped reaction pipe with a top end connected respectively with the feeder of biomass and the heat carrier outlet of the heat carrier heater, and a bottom end connected to the separator whose top end is connected to cooling unit and whose bottom end has residual biomass outlet and heat carrier outlet. The input of gas mixer is connected respectively to the gas outlet of biomass gasifier and the thermo-composed gas outlet of cooling unit, and its output is connected to gas burner communicated to the heater of heat carrier. It features that the combustible gas generated in gasifying and liquefying biomass is used as the energy source for thermo-decomposing and liquefying, so having low cost.
NOVELTY - Methane pit is especially made of inorganic composite material, including magnesium oxychloride as cement, waterproof additive and glass fiber fabric. It has anticorrosive inner layer, skeleton layer and surfacing layer and features its anticorrosive inner layer with anticorrosive, waterproof and anti-leaking functions, the skeleton layer to bear outer pressure, and the surfacing layer to prevent underground water and other surface water form eroding the pit.    ADVANTAGE - The present invention has the features of high anti-leaking effect, convenient manufacture, transport and installation, low production cost, long service life and high methane producing rate.
NOVELTY - Changing the physical properties of a material using microspheres using prilled ammonium nitrate as an explosive material    USE - The microspheres are useful in emulsion or watergel type explosive compositions for expanding a plastic balloon within a product, where porosity is developed when released blowing agent migrates through the material to form voids    ADVANTAGE - The microspheres reduce the density and lowering the operating costs of the plant used, such that a much lower concentration of microspheres need to be used    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A property of a material is changed, by (a) mixing it with microspheres that comprise a wall with a blowing agent encapsulated within it, and (b) subjecting the mixture to conditions where the blowing agent can be released from the microspheres into the material to cause the change in property.
NOVELTY - Production of core-shell nanoparticles in which the core is an inorganic or magnetic material with a particle size below 100 nm comprises depositing a metal shell on the inorganic core particles in suspension by a radiation-induced redox reaction or depositing a shell of inorganic material on the magnetic core particles in suspension by an enzyme-induced pH change.    USE - The inorganic-metal particles are useful as biocides. The magnetic-inorganic particles are useful for wastewater treatment, especially for removing heavy metals (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The particles are largely (especially completely) agglomerate-free.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) core-shell particles in which the core is an inorganic material with a particle size below 100 nm and the shell is a metal, where the core-shell particles are largely non-agglomerated particles;    (2) core-shell particles in which the core is a magnetic material with a particle size below 100 nm and the shell is an inorganic material, where the core-shell particles are largely non-agglomerated particles.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas is produced by providing an aqueous solution containing 0.26-19 M sodium hydroxide in a reaction vessel (62), introducing aluminum (78) in the solution, reacting aluminum with water at a surface of the solution (66) thus generating a region of effervescence and a precipitate (68) sinking to a bottom region of the vessel, and maintaining the region of effervescence separated from the precipitate at the bottom surface.    USE - The invention is used for the production of hydrogen gas for, e.g. hydrogen fuel cell, vehicles such as hydrogen car, and household power systems.    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces hydrogen gas where consumables are limited to aluminum and water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen gas comprises providing an aqueous solution in a vessel, the solution containing 0.26-19 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH); introducing aluminum in the solution; reacting aluminum with water at a surface of the solution thus generating a region of effervescence at the surface of the solution and a precipitate sinking from the region of effervescence to a bottom region of the vessel; and maintaining the region of effervescence separated from the precipitate at the bottom region of the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-section of a hydrogen generator.    Reaction vessel (62)    Surface of the solution (66)    Precipitate (68)    Nozzles (74)    Aluminum (78)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen comprises reacting amorphous silicon with water, an alcohol or a carboxylic acid.    USE - The hydrogen is useful as a fuel in mobile and stationary systems e.g. fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows hydrogen to be produced independently of carbon sources and can be performed on site without transport or storage problems.
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbons are partially oxidized to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide by initiating partial oxidation at 10degreesC by contacting reduced metal catalyst (6) of transition metal from nickel, cobalt, iron, platinum, palladium, iridium, rhenium, ruthenium, rhodium and/or osmium supported on or in ceria-coated zirconia monolith support with hydrocarbon/oxygen-containing feed gas and/or hydrogen.    USE - For partial oxidation of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen and carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method exhibits high conversions of hydrocarbons to synthesis gas (8).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a reactor comprising a vessel (4); ceramic foam disk(s) impregnated with a catalytic material and a blank ceramic foam disk(s).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of a reactor.    Natural and oxygen-containing gas (1, 2)    Vessel (4)    Catalyst (6)    Water (7)    Synthesis gas (8)
NOVELTY - A container (15) has a liquid absorbent element (17) which comprises a cavity (19). The water contained in exhaust supplied from fuel cell, is absorbed by the absorbent element to form a mixture, and gas in the exhaust is diffused into the cavity. The mixture is output to the fuel cell through an outlet flow path (25), and gas in the cavity is exhausted through an exhaust outlet flow path (27).    USE - Mixing tank for fuel cell system (claimed) used in mobile electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Recovery of water from exhaust gas of fuel cell is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of mixing tank.    container (15)    liquid absorbent element (17)    cavity (19)    inlet port (21)    exhaust inlet flow path (23)    mixture outlet flow path (25)    exhaust outlet flow path (27)
NOVELTY - The system has a converter (1-1c) connected to electric power system (2) through circuit breaker (BR1). A receiving current detector (CT1) that detects the total of a current flowing through converter and a current flowing through electric load (3) connected in parallel with the converter.    USE - For controlling fuel    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the receiving power from going over the permissible receiving power value due to delay of output of power generating apparatus, by detecting receiving current value, while improving the efficiency of power generation of fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell control unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the circuit block diagram of fuel cell control system.    converter (1-1c)    electric power system (2)    electric load (3)    circuit breaker (BR1)    receiving current detector (CT1)    fuel cell (Fc1)
NOVELTY - An energy carrier system comprises a gas generator where aluminum metal is reacted with water in the presence of sodium hydroxide as catalyst to form hydrogen, oxygen and clean aluminum derivative. The hydrogen is converted to useful energy and the aluminum derivative is recycled back into aluminum metal.    USE - For carrying energy from one location to another and for production of hydrogen gas that can be used in a fuel cell or internal combustion engine (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides renewable energy carrier system and transportable source of power. Hydrogen gas is produced easily and economically.
NOVELTY - A pair of connectors (108a) attaches/detaches a metal hydride storage vessel (104) to an electrolyzer (102). A solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) fuel cell (106) that generates electricity in range of 0.5-60 watts, is attached/detached to/from the storage vessel and an electrical device (112) e.g. cellular telephone, through the pair of connectors (108b,108c), respectively.    USE - For supply of power to electronic and electrical devices e.g. cellular telephone, personal digital assistant (PDA), laptop computers, flash light, small heater, digital camera, game device and portable television.    ADVANTAGE - Each unit of the fuel cell system can be attached/detached easily and effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for manufacturing portable fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the portable fuel cell system.    portable fuel cell system (100)    electrolyzer (102)    storage vessel (104)    SPE fuel cell (106)    connectors (108a-108c)    portable electrical device (112)
NOVELTY - A system controller regulates the operations of at least one control valve, at least one compressor subsystem and a hydrogen producing subsystem such that the flow of hydrogen within the refueling station is affected.    USE - For use in energy generation or transportation industries, e.g. for supplying hydrogen to fuel cell powered electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Manages temperature of gaseous hydrogen to minimize reductions in rate of fill.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an overview of the transportable hydrogen refueling station.    Base (14)    Shell (16)    Vents (19)
NOVELTY - A method for preparing a product from grass and sludge comprises mixing sludge with grass cuttings from roadside verges and composting the resulting mixture.    USE - For use as fuel briquettes from the composted mixture of grass and sludge from dredging work or sewage treatment plants.    ADVANTAGE - A useful end product can be obtained from two waste products, namely verge grass cutting and sludge.
NOVELTY - Provided is a direct methanol fuel cell with a simple structure, is manufactured with ease, is capable of being downsized, and improves the fuel supply amount uniformity, energy density and output density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The direct methanol fuel cell comprises: a membrane electrode assembly(MEA) comprising an anode(30,31), a cathode and a hydrogen ion conductive electrolyte membrane disposed between the anode(30,31) and the cathode; and a fuel-supported matrix(10) disposed on the surface of the anode(30,31) and having a net structure capable of supporting the fuel and supplying the supported fuel to the anode(30,31). In particular, the fuel-supported matrix(10) comprises a polymer support(100).
NOVELTY - Thermal treatment equipment (50) has a pressurized container (51), in which compressed air (A) is supplied, a fluid bed furnace (2) in the pressurized container, a stabilizing burner (5) of a fluid bed furnace, and a unit (7) stored in pressurized container. The unit in the pressurized container takes compressed air to the stabilizing burner.    USE - Used as thermal pigment equipment for thermally decomposing municipal waste, coal and biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal treatment equipment has good economical efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the heat processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat processing system (1)    fluid bed furnace (2)    stabilizing burner (5)    unit (7)    thermal treatment equipment (50)    pressurized container (51)    compressed air (A)
NOVELTY - A preheater (3b) pre-heats alcohol supplied to a tubular reactor (4), to a temperature less than the critical temperature. The alcohol is mixed with fats-and-oils raw materials such that esterifying reaction is performed inside the reactor in a supercritical state.    USE - For manufacturing fatty-acid ester used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables continuous mixing of fats-and-oils raw materials efficiently, ensuring economical manufacturing of fatty acid ester. The size of the tubular reactor is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fats-and-oils raw material preheater (3a) preheats fats-and-oils raw material for degrading fatty acid of triglyceride in the raw material. The fats-and-oils raw material is selected from the group consisting of oil and fat contained in vegetable oil, animal oil and waste oil. The alcohol is selected from 1C-5C lower alcohols. A mixed temperature-rise device (3c) is arranged in the alcohol preheater, to increase the mixed solution to a reaction temperature. The reactor is maintained at a temperature of 250-350degreesC and at a pressure of 15-25 Mpa. The reaction solution is distilled after esterifying reaction so as to separate fatty-acid ester and glycerol. The low boiling-point component is distilled to recover alcohol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the manufacturing apparatus for fatty acid ester. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    alcohol tank (2)    fats-and-oils raw material preheater (3a)    alcohol preheater (3b)    mixed-rise temperature device (3c)    tubular reactor (4)
NOVELTY - Rice bran and chaff (2), and Italian ryegrass are supplied as raw material into a bio-mass manufacturing plant (4), after adjusting their moisture content. The bio-mass produced in the plant is supplied to gasoline stations (6), where it is stored and then sold to a motor vehicle user. The plant and gasoline stations form an integrated system.    USE - For manufacturing and supplying bio--mass fuel to motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Bio-mass fuel is cheaply produced, since waste agricultural products are used as raw material, and the system enables activation of regional agriculture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a manufacture and sale system of bio--mass fuel, as above. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    rice plant (1)    rice bran and chaff (3)    bio-mass manufacturing plant (4)    gasoline stations (6)    motor vehicle (14)
NOVELTY - A slurry-like gas-hydrate (d) is produced in a reaction tank (2) holding water (a) and ejecting natural gas (c). The heat produced in tank (2) is removed by cooler (9) accompanying tank (2). After predetermined time, slurry-like gas-hydrate is supplied to a reaction tank (3) filled with natural gas, and powder-form gas-hydrate (d) is produced. The heat produced in tank (3) is removed by cooler (19) accompanying tank (3).    USE - For production of gas-hydrate.    ADVANTAGE - The gas-hydrate is efficiently and continuously manufactured within a short period of time, and using simple apparatus. The adhesion with respect to water is prevented, and dehydration of gas-hydrate is simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas-hydrate production apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of gas-hydrate production apparatus.    reaction tanks (2, 3)    coolers (9, 19)    water (a)    natural gas (c)    slurry-like gas-hydrate (d)    powder-form gas-hydrate (d)
NOVELTY - A honeycomb-structured catalyst with a methanol-reforming coating is in a reactor (3) along a reformed gas ejection path and a heating gas inlet. The catalyst comprises a laminate with uniform surface area per unit volume. The value of the penetration hole product (D) is 1 mm, and the through-hole length (L) of the catalyst is set so that the ratio (L/D) for each laminate is 3 or more, and for the whole structure is 20-30 or more.    USE - For reforming hydrogen gas from methanol using water vapor, in vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method restrains the generation of carbon monoxide as a byproduct. Hence, the reformation efficiency is raised, even while using a miniaturized system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above water vapor based fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel path (1)    Air path (2)    Reactor (3)
NOVELTY - A water injection tube (7) supplies water into a reaction chamber (3), for chemical reaction of water with a metal (101) such as sodium in a reaction container (2) in the chamber. The hydrogen and oxygen are extracted from the reaction chamber through a hydrogen extraction tube (5) and an oxygen extraction pipe (6), respectively. The reaction container is connected to a heat exchanger tube (8).    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables production of hydrogen by chemical reaction of water with metal, without generation of toxic substances. Enables efficient recovery of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Alternately, the reaction chamber is covered by a cooling gas chamber connected with a cooling gas duct. An injection tube connects an inactive gas holder and the reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic views of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    reaction container (2)    reaction chamber (3)    hydrogen extraction tube (5)    oxygen extraction pipe (6)    water injection tube (7)    heat exchanger tube (8)    metal (101)
NOVELTY - The reformer has burner (18) arranged in concentric with spark plug (25). Air path (I) (39), fuel route (41) and air path (II) (43) are provided at outer side of burner. Path (I), which passes air between partition walls (38), fuel route, which pours fuel between partition walls (40), and path (II), which passes air between partition walls (42), are arranged in concentric with wall (38), wall (40) and wall (42), respectively.    USE - In fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer enables continuous monitoring of combustion gas flame during operation, by providing a flame detector at the burner. Uniform combustion of fuel is performed by providing required amount of fuel and air, and even distribution of temperature. Blow off is prevented reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformer has a reformation pipe filled with catalyst, and a burner (18), which ignites mixture of air and fuel with a spark plug (25). The burner is arranged in concentric with the spark plug, which is provided at the center of burner. An air path (I) (39), fuel route (41) and air path (II) (43) are provided at the outer side of burner. Path (I), which passes air between partition walls (I) (38), is arranged in concentric with wall (38). The fuel route, which pours fuel between partition walls (II) (40) is arranged in concentric with wall (40). Path (II), which passes air between partition walls (III) (42) is arranged concentric with wall (42).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the burner used in reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    burner (18)    spark plug (25)    partition wall (I) (38)    air path (I) (39)    partition wall (II) (40)    fuel route (41)    partition wall (III) (42)    air path (II) (43)
NOVELTY - Apparatus (I) for supplying proliferated effective microbe to waste water treatment apparatus (II) in order to decompose organic waste using such microbes, comprises spawn tank (T1) for storing spawn of the microbe, and cultivation tank (T2), where one portion of organic waste solution to be decomposed is supplied to (T2) to proliferate the microbe and this propagated microbe is supplied to (II).    USE - The apparatus is useful for supplying proliferated effective microbes to (II) in order to decompose organic waste such as drainage water using such microbes.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of decomposition of organic waste solution is highly improved by using microbes supplied from (I) that are beforehand propagated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus (I) for supplying proliferated effective microbe to a waste water treatment apparatus (II) (30) in order to decompose organic waste using such microbes, comprises spawn tank (T1) (10) and cultivation tank (T2) (20), where (T1) stores spawn of the microbe that is beforehand cultured in pure culture and supplies the spawn to (T2). One part of the organic waste solution to be decomposed is supplied to (T2) and the microbe in (T2) is proliferated by using the organic waste solution as the culture medium, and this propagated microbe is supplied to (II).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic composition for waste water treatment using apparatus for supplying proliferated effective microbes to a waste water treatment apparatus in order to decompose organic waste using such microbes. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Spawn tank (10)    Cultivation tank (20)    Waste water treatment apparatus (30)
NOVELTY - Malodorous gas is deodorized by adhering microbes to filler having formed by arranging planar-shaped water absorptive chemical fibrous filler material and impregnated with water absorption polymer, contacting malodorous gas with the microbe adhered filler and biologically deodorizing the malodorous gas.    USE - For biologically deodorizing malodorous gas generated from sewage works, human waste treatment plants and various factories.    ADVANTAGE - The method and apparatus effectively deodorizes malodorous gas generated from sewage works, human waste treatment plants and various factories. The method decreases installation cost and economically deodorizes malodorous gas. Water content in the filler can be steadily maintained and ejection of methyl sulfide or methyl disulfide is improved. The method improves amount of processed gas, prevents compaction, lowers pressure loss, and enables continuous bio-deodorization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for malodorous gas deodorizing apparatus, which has a planar-shaped fibrous filler containing chemical fibers impregnated with water absorbing polymer or a filler containing thin layer of water absorptive polymer adhered on a support, having adhered with microbes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of vertical bio-deodorizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - In organic-refuse processing apparatus, the stirring blades (24b,24c) are arranged in the mutually different stirring arms (23b,23c) of a stirring unit (2) and extend radial outwardly from a rotary shaft (21) which is arranged vertically with respect to the bottom face of a treatment tank (1). A heater (3) regulates temperature in the treatment tank for decomposing the organic refuse.    USE - For processing organic refuse such as vegetable waste, fish waste ejected from restaurant, plant refuse from golf course.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform stirring of the organic refuse and the microbe, reducing the time required for decomposition of the organic refuse. The maintenance of the processing apparatus is simplified, due to removal of solid contents in the exhaust gas. The blocking of the contents in the gap between the raking element and the stirring arm is prevented, due to attachment of the raking element to the shortest stirring arm.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In organic-refuse processing apparatus, the stirring blades are arranged in the stirring arm such that the distance of the blades from the bottom surface of the tank is different. A raking element (9) is attached in the stirring arm of short length to rake contents adhering in the inner wall of the treatment tank. A filter (7) is arranged in an exhaust pipe (P2) of the treatment tank for removing solid contents in the gas emitted from the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic-refuse processing apparatus.    treatment tank (1)    stirring unit (2)    heater (3)    filter (7)    raking element (9)    rotary shaft (21)    stirring arms (23b,23c)    stirring blades (24b,24c)    exhaust pipe (P2)
NOVELTY - The concentration or nanoparticle recovery from nanoparticle-containing aqueous solution involves using evaporation promotion liquid (EPL) and forming minimum boiling point azeotrope with boiling point less than 100degreesC. EPL contains A% or more of water and has specific gravity lower than water. The amount of water in vapor stream obtained in vapor-liquid distillation curve is more than amount of water in EPL composition.    USE - For recovering nanoparticle.    ADVANTAGE - The nanoparticle is recovered efficiently at low temperature and with high stability. The properties such as thermal property and optical property of the nanoparticle can be measured easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The concentration or nanoparticle recovery from nanoparticle-containing aqueous solution involves using evaporation promotion liquid and forming minimum boiling point azeotrope with boiling point less than 100degreesC. The evaporation promotion liquid is insoluble in water, contains A% or more of water and has specific gravity lower than water. The evaporation promotion liquid containing water (A%) is contained in the upper surface layer of the nanoparticle-containing aqueous solution. The amount of water (B%) in vapor stream obtained in vapor-liquid distillation curve is more than amount of water (A%) in EPL composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the concentration property of nanoparticle-containing aqueous solution using n-heptane as evaporation promotion liquid. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A grinder grinds organic refuse generated from residence and office. A conveyor conveys the ground refuse mixed with wastewater excluded from human waste, towards a biological treatment unit which uses anaerobic microbes during processing. A power generator generates electric power using a fuel cell based on the combustible gas obtained from the biological treatment unit.    USE - For processing of organic refuse and wastewater collected from residences such as block of flats and offices.    ADVANTAGE - Stable, efficient operation and size reduced structure of the organic refuse processing system is obtained. The collected organic waste is converted into electricity efficiently. Since aerobic treatment is performed in treatment unit, special microorganism is made unnecessary. The wastewater is converted into wash water for toilet efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost generator generates compost based on the solid substance obtained from the biological treatment unit. Electricity from the power generator is supplied to residence and office from which organic refuse is collected and/or biological treatment unit. A purification unit purifies the liquid from the biological unit, so as to be used as wash water for residents and offices.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the organic refuse processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon type fuel is supplied into the cylindrical component (12) through the supply hole. A dehydrogenation unit performs dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon type fuel by the carbon nanotube catalyst arranged inside the cylindrical component. A separator separates hydrogen produced by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell in electric vehicle, hydrogen fueled engine mounted motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - High purity hydrogen is easily manufactured. The waste heat of the hydrogen use apparatus is effectively utilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon nanotube catalyst contains carbon nanotube with catalyst metal. The dehydrogenation of the fuel is performed at the inner and outer sides of the carbon nanotube. Several dehydrogenation units are arranged in a reaction unit provided with the heating medium to heat the nanotube catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction unit (1)    heating medium (7)    discharge pipe (9)    cylindrical component (12)    pipe (27)
NOVELTY - The volatile liquid fuel like, kerosene and gasoline, and water, are heated by exhaust gas of burner (7) which heats modifier (3), in primary heating process, to produce air-fuel mixture. The mixture is heated to a temperature more than 300degreesC, for preventing condensation of high boiling point component in the mixture, in modifier. Then the mixture is modified by supplying it into catalytic reaction layer (3a).    USE - For modifying liquid fuel like, kerosene and gasoline, and use it in fuel cell power generating apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Enables production of highly efficient modified fuel, by this method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for liquid fuel modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of fuel cell power generating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    desulfurizer (1)    carburetor (2)    modifier (3)    catalytic reaction layer (3a)    fuel cell (6)    burner (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon is supplied into reformer (11) in operational status. Water vapor modification of hydrocarbon is performed, and reformed gas is produced. Carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas is transformed into carbon dioxide in transformer, and crude gas is produced. Desired gas is obtained by separating from crude gas. Crude gas is circulated in circulation path (17) comprising reformer and transformer, when supply of hydrocarbon is stopped.    USE - For manufacture of gas such as town gas and hydrogen gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method of gas is economical, and reduces carbon monoxide amount.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrocarbon, which is a raw material, is supplied into a reformer (11), which is in operational status. Water vapor modification of the hydrocarbon is performed, and reformed gas containing hydrogen and methane is produced. Carbon monoxide contained in the reformed gas is transformed into carbon dioxide in a transformer, and crude gas is produced. Desired gas is separated from the crude gas and is obtained. The crude gas is circulated in the circulation path (17) comprising the reformer and the transformer, when the supply of the hydrocarbon is stopped.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing plant of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the town gas manufacturing plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    town gas manufacturing plant (10)    reformer (11)    carbon monoxide conversion device (12)    circulation path (17)    compressor (20)
NOVELTY - The air fuel mixture generated from a suction mixer (6) is burnt in combustion chamber (2a) of a water vapor generator (2) to generate water vapor. The source gas mixed with water vapor is supplied from a suction mixer (4) to a reforming unit (1) to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas by steam reforming of source gas using the heat produced during oxidation. A heater (11a) is provided to heat oxygen containing gas supplied to the reformation unit.    USE - For auto-oxidation and reformation of water vapor to source gas such as natural gas and town gas, and aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, dimethyl ether and ether, and hydrocarbons e.g. methane used in vehicle mounted fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to recycle waste gas of the fuel cell. Improves efficiency of system, ensures easy maintenance and reduces reduction of water vapor reaction rate in reaction chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of auto-oxidation heating type steam reforming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic outline of the auto-oxidation heating type steam reforming system.    reforming unit (1)    water vapor generator (2)    combustion chamber (2a)    suction mixers (4,6)    heater (11a)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply unit (6) supplies hydrogen gas into a regeneration unit (5). The naphthalene stored in the vehicle, is supplied to the regeneration unit and regenerated into fuel by hydrogenated reaction with the hydrogen gas. The regenerated fuel is supplied to the vehicle.    USE - For regenerating fuel supplied to fuel cell mounted in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The naphthalene stored in the vehicle is easily and reliably regenerated using simple apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen production method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel regeneration apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (2)    regeneration unit (5)    hydrogen gas supply unit (6)    regeneration tank (30)    catalyst (35)
NOVELTY - A metal ion-exchange zeolite is obtained by performing metal ion exchange using a solution containing a metal amine complex ion, and supporting the metal to zeolite.    USE - For adsorption agent used for removing sulfur compound from hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl ether fuel (both claimed), and for removing nitrogen oxide from waste gas, and as catalyst (claimed) for manufacturing ethylene oxide, ethylene and formaldehyde, and for adsorbing sulfur compound and hydrocarbon from automobile exhaust, for selective adsorption of nitrogen from air, and for manufacturing hydrogen used in fuel cell system (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adsorption agent obtained using the metal ion-exchange zeolite efficiently removes sulfur compound from hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl ether fuel even at room temperature. Hydrogen is manufactured effectively using the adsorption agent. Aggregation of metal on zeolite is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of metal ion-exchange zeolite, which uses an alkali metal or aluminum at an atomic ratio of 0.5 or less, during metal ion exchange;    (2) adsorption agent, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (3) catalyst, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (4) adsorption agent for sulfur compound removal, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (5) manufacture of hydrogen, which involves desulfurizing sulfur compound obtained from the hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl-ether fuel, and contacting processed fuel with partial-oxidation modification catalyst, auto thermal modification catalyst or water vapor modification catalyst; and    (6) fuel cell system, which uses hydrogen manufactured by the above method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline flow chart of the fuel cell system.    vaporizer (1)    fuel cell system (2)    hydrogen manufacturing system (20)    fuel tank (21)    modifier (31)
NOVELTY - A modifier (10) generates hydrogen rich heating gas from original fuel containing hydrogen. Pressurized air from an air pump (23) is supplied to several places of the modifier, through several branched pipes (26a-26d). Flow regulating valves and non-return valves (28a-28d) (27a-27d), are provided in each branched pipe respectively, to adjust the air supply rate and to prevent back flow of air.    USE - For modifying original fuel containing hydrogen into hydrogen rich heating gas which is supplied to fuel cell. For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the valves and the pump, the control precision of the pressurized air is improved. The power consumption of the pump is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A surge tank (24) is provided in the main pipe having the branched pipes. The modifier contains combustion zone, evaporation zone, modification zone, carbon monoxide purification zone. Pressurized air is supplied to the modification zone and the purification zone.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel cell system having the fuel cell into which reformed gas is supplied from fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    modifier (10)    motor (22)    air pump (23)    surge tank (24)    branch pipes (26a-26d)    non-return valves (27a-27d)    flow regulating valves (28a-28d)
NOVELTY - A digester (11) installed in sewage-work site (10), generates the sewage gas. The generation of electric power is performed at customer sites (30, 40, 50) using the sewage gas supplied from the sewage-work site through pipe (20).    USE - For generating electric power using sewage gas, in hospital and hotel.    ADVANTAGE - Electric power is efficiently generated using the sewage gas thereby achieving energy saving.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) sewage gas power generating equipment; and    (2) electric power generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sewage work-site (10)    digester (11)    pipe (20)    customer sites (30,40,50)
NOVELTY - Livestock products and waste materials such as meat and bones are heated in a melting furnace (1) at 1200-2600degreesC and the basicity of the molten slag is controlled by incinerated ash/abandonment glass to 0.4-1.4 such that high temperature melting reducing gas is recovered as an energy source.    USE - Used for high temperature gasification of livestock products or waste materials such as excreta, meat and bones in a melting furnace, a stoker furnace or a rotary-kiln furnace of a cement plant for supplying energy to gas turbines and steam turbines.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient gasification of the livestock products is obtained efficiently using a simple arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structural view of a high temperature livestock product gasification melting furnace.    melting furnace (1)    charging device (2)    injection damper sluice valve (3)    furnace lower portion (7)    discharge port (12)
NOVELTY - Excrement (2) deposited on the upper surface of a lining sheet (3) on floor (4), are surrounded by a covering sheet (6) whose periphery is joined with lining sheet. Compressed air is supplied between the sheets so as to expand the covering sheet upwardly above the excrements.    USE - The facility is useful for disposal of livestock excrement.    ADVANTAGE - Aerobic fermentation of excrements, is performed reliably and easily, by filling compressed air between the covering sheet and excrements. Ejection of the decomposed product is reliably performed by the pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A discharge pipe (9) is installed at lower portion (4b) of the floor whose lower and upper portions (4b,4a) are made of material with high and low water permeability coefficient, respectively.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for excrement processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the storage facility.    Storage facility (1)    Excrement (2)    Lining sheet (3)    Floor (4)    Upper and lower portions of floor (4a,4b)    Covering sheet (6)    Discharge pipe (9)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell device (20) has a first connection device (12). A heat exchange device (30) has a second connection device (13). A fuel cell feeder device has a third connection device (15). These three connection devices fit on one side of a basic module.    USE - As a fuel cell system for battery systems, e.g. starter batteries on cars.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cell and heat exchanger devices can be linked to the basic module in order to form a fuel cell system that links between a fuel cell source and consumers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) A fuel cell device for use with a basic module;    (b) and for a heat exchange device for use with a basic module;    (c) and for a fuel tank for use as a fuel supply device in a basic module;    (d) and for a method for producing a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a connection diagram for a fuel cell system assembled according the products used for the present invention.    Basic module (10)    First connection device fur fuel cell device (12)    Second connection device (13)    Fuel cell device (20)    Heat exchange device (30)    Fuel cartridge (150)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation chamber (02) comprises an aluminum-melting device.    USE - The invention is used for a vehicle, and transport carrier having a detachable battery system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows massive production of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the key features.    Fuel supply tank (01)    Hydrogen generation chamber (02)    Trough (021)    Metal sprinkler (03)    Rotating disc (04)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell (12) with two reactant inlets and outlets. A reactant supply subsystem has a reactant supply unit for supplying a reactant incoming stream to one of the inlets. Another reactant supply subsystem supplies another reactant stream to the other inlet. A controller controls the former unit to provide additional amount of former reactant to the cell based on a monitored fuel cell state variable.    USE - Used for as power source for vehicle e.g. bus and car.    ADVANTAGE - The flooded cells indicated by the state variable are recovered instantaneously by supplying increased amount of reactants, thereby pushing contaminants and water out of the cells and preventing permanent damage to the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of a fuel cell gas and water management system.    Fuel cell gas management system (10)    Fuel cell (12)    Fuel supply line (20)    Cathode exhaust recirculation line (40)    Anode exhaust recirculation line (60)
NOVELTY - The system has two supply lines to supply respective reactants to a fuel cell. A monitoring device monitors a characteristic, which includes reactant pressure in one supply line and load current drawn from the cell. A flow regulating device (70) regulates an additional amount of one of the reactants supplied from a buffer to the cell. A controller (100) controls the regulating device in response to the characteristic.    USE - Used as the basic power source in a car, bus, and larger vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system can offer a rapid response to abrupt changes in load and power demand and provide higher output simultaneously, without compromising system efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    Reactant supply lines (20,30)    Flow regulating device (70)    Pressure sensor (80)    Controller (100)    Ampere meter (110)
NOVELTY - A cover (10) for loose material (12), comprises a tarpaulin with a number of tubular supports (22) which can be filled with a fluid and which are at least partially interconnected. The tarpaulin material (14) is waterproof and gas-permeable. The filling of the supports, from a blower (50), raises and lowers the cover as required, by filling the supports with a gas e.g. air, vapor or liquid with a pressure of at least 200 Pa    USE - The covering is for shrouding a heap of loose material, and especially for covering organic waste undergoing aerobic processing.    ADVANTAGE - The compost covering structure can be set easily according to the volume of compost, with reduced emissions of odor and bacteria while the compost is being charged and removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the compost cover structure.    covering structure (10)    loose compost material (12)    tarpaulin material (14)    tarpaulin supports (22)    blower (50)
NOVELTY - The unit cells (10) comprise a solid polymer electrolyte membrane, an oxygen plate (18) and a fuel electrode. A rod-shaped fuel distribution manifold (32) having polygonal-shaped cross-section is inserted into the central holes of the unit cells. The corners of the fuel distribution manifold contact with inner wall surfaces of the central holes to define four fuel distribution passages.    USE - Air breathing fuel cell used as electric generators for outdoor, pleasure trip, household, business machines.    ADVANTAGE - Enables sufficient amount of fuel to be supplied to the cell stack through the fuel distribution passages and hence stable electric power can be adequately supplied to the load. Since it is unnecessary to dismount the fuel distribution manifold, assembling of the components is done accurately, without damage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of an air breathing fuel cell.    unit cells (10)    oxygen plate (18)    separator plates (24)    fuel distribution manifold (32)    fuel supply passage (38)
NOVELTY - The methane gas underground distribution connector has a polyethylene coupling (4) with a constricting ring (5) and a metal casing (1), for 32-160 mm nominal diameter piping. A shoulder (c) separates a steel pipe (2) made integral with the casing (1) from the coupling (4), with a top sleeve (f).    USE - In polymer processing.
NOVELTY - Thermophilic microorganisms having improved organic matter decomposing activity, are new. The microorganisms can grow at high temperature of 60 degrees Centigrade or more and effectively decompose organic matter. Therefore, compost can be effectively prepared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microbial preparation for accelerating decomposition of organic matters comprises thermophilic microorganisms Bacillus stearothermophillus NIAST, Chaetomium thermophile NIAST and Thermoactinomyces NIAST. Culturing thermophilic microorganisms comprises:    (a) inserting a sterilized medium into a culture vessel;    (b) inoculating the thermophilic microorganisms into the medium; and    (c) culturing the thermophilic microorganisms at an appropriate temperature with supplying air.
NOVELTY - A composition is provided, to improve the scratch resistance of a soft thermoplastic urethane (TPU) used as a surface material for an instrument panel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition comprises 3-10 wt% of at least one hydrocarbon compound selected from the group consisting of a paraffin of C4-C8, an olefin and an aromatic compound; and 90-97 wt% of the polydimethylsiloxane compound represented by the formula I, wherein the polydimethylsiloxane compound has a number average molecular weight of 4000-25000. Preferably the hydrocarbon compound is selected from the group consisting of butane, n-pentane, n-hexane, n-heptane, n-octane, 2-methylpropane, 2,2-dimethylbutane, 2,3-dimethylbutane, 2,methylpentane, 3-methylpentane, 2,2,4-trimethylpentane, 1-butene, cis-2-butene, trans-2-butene, 2-methylpropene, isoprene, 1-hexene, benzene, toluene, o-xylene, m-xylene, p-xylene, ethylbenzene and styrene.
NOVELTY - Compared to a conventional compost maker using livestock excrements, food waste, or wastewater sludge, this device provides precise moisture-containment ratio, and high agitation efficiency. It comprises the followings: a mixer that is composed of livestock excrement tank, preserving tank with moisture control, and a conveyer; a preserving tank to contain the livestock excrements conveyed from the mixer; an air-supplying pipe that is installed at the bottom of the preserving tank, and that supplies air forcibly by the external blowing fan; an agitator that is installed at the upper part of the preserving tank and agitates the preserved livestock excrements while moving along the rail. The mixer comprises a screw conveyer to pump up the moisture-control material contained in the moisture-control material preserving tank as well as a pump to provide livestock excrement onto the moisture-control material that is transferred by the screw conveyer. The agitator is composed of the agitator shaft that is installed across the preserving tank, an agitating blade that is installed in a radial shape, a motor to drive the agitating motor, and a two-way motor to transfer the whole agitator back and forth.
NOVELTY - Biomass is gasified, and a mixed gas containing hydrocarbon, hydrogen and carbon monoxide is produced. The mixed gas is purified. The hydrocarbon contained in the mixed gas is converted into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Hydrogen contained in the mixed gas is collected. Thus, hydrogen gas is produced.    USE - For producing hydrogen from biomass.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is efficiently produced from the biomass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus having mixed gas producing unit, purifying unit, conversion unit, which is used for converting hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon monoxide, gas-separation unit, which is used to separate carbon monoxide and hydrogen, and collection unit which is used to collect hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An outer layer (3) of a container (1), has primary, secondary and tertiary layers made of fiber reinforced resin. The lamination angle of tertiary layer, is 20-80 degrees and its thickness is 2-80% of the total thickness of the three layers.    USE - For storing high pressure gas e.g. hydrogen, oxygen and natural gas and using with hybrid vehicle, gasoline vehicle, diesel car and compressed nitrogen gas vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Container with sufficient strength, is cheaply produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lamination angle of the primary and secondary layers, is 0-20 degrees and 80-90 degrees, respectively. The container has a mouth (4) with threads and a metal or resin-made inner layer (2) which directly contacts gas. The tensile strength of the carbon fiber in resin layers, is 1500-7000 MPa. The inner layer is made of ethylene vinyl alcohol whose thickness (T) satisfies the following formula, T at least 7asterisk10-8asteriskSufasteriskVol, where Suf is container outer surface area in cm2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially cut perspective view of container.    container (1)    inner layer (2)    outer layer (3)    mouth (4)    internal and external diameter of liner (5a,5b)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage container (8) has hydrogen storage material (9) capable of performing hydrogen occlusion irreversibly, at atmospheric pressure and near room temperature. A heat generator which receives waste heat from an adjacent fuel-cell electric-power generation system, supplies heat to the hydrogen storage material, so as to discharge occluded hydrogen.    USE - For portable electric power generation unit used to supply power to portable information terminals and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the equilibrium hydrogen pressure near room temperature, is below atmospheric pressure, enables storing a large quantity of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure and near room temperature. Eliminates the need for cooling the hydrogen storage container, and making the container pressure-resistant. Eliminates the need to increase the pressure of hydrogen, during filling of hydrogen into the container. Improves the freedom of choice of the material and structure of the container used for storing hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for portable electric power generation unit, which has a fuel cell to receive the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage container. Hydrogen is produced by photosynthetic reaction, or anaerobic fermentation of organic waste liquid, using microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of bio-hydrogen generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    photosynthesis reactor (1)    anaerobic reactor (2)    organic waste-liquid feed pipe (3)    hydrogen storage container (8)    hydrogen storage material (9)
NOVELTY - A heating unit (30) that receives hot air from the thermogenesis unit (40), supplies steam to treatment tank (20) accommodated with the object to be processed. The surplus exhaust gas is supplied from treatment tank to thermogenesis unit, after processing the object. A recovery unit (60) recovers the waste hot gas from the heating unit, so that the recovered gas is used for other processing.    USE - For treating organic waste such as residue in methane fermentation apparatus and concentration apparatus, organic refuse and foodstuff residue of home, waste juice, waste material of foodstuff factory and livestock farming waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Processes the wastes efficiently, in secure environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of organic waste treatment equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    wastes treatment equipment (10)    treatment tank (20)    heating unit (30)    thermogenesis unit (40)    recovery unit (60)
NOVELTY - A reaction tank (10) is equipped with a heating element (58) to heat a dehydrogenation catalyst (56). The supply pipes (14) supply decalin to dehydrogenation catalyst surface of a reactor (12). A separation tank (30) separates hydrogen gas produced by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell in motor vehicle such as electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is generated from hydrocarbon type fuel quickly and efficiently. The energy efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    reactor (12)    supply pipes (14)    fuel tank (20)    separation tank (30)    dehydrogenation catalyst (56)    heating element (58)
NOVELTY - A selective oxidation catalyst (23) selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas (g) obtained by reforming a hydrocarbon fuel (h) with a modification catalyst (22). A combustion catalyst (26) is arranged in the vicinity of the catalyst (23) to burn combustion fuel (n).    USE - For processing hydrocarbon fuel to obtain reformed gas containing hydrogen used in fuel cell electric-power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The transformation catalyst or selective oxidation catalyst is heated with the combustion heat in the combustion catalyst. The starting time of the fuel treating equipment is shortened by being able to rise the temperature of the modification catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel processing method; and    (2) fuel cell electric-power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell electric-power generating system.    modification catalyst (22)    selective oxidation catalyst (23)    burner (25)    combustion catalyst (26)    reformed gas (g)    hydrocarbon fuel (h)    fuel (n)
NOVELTY - A portion of waste gas (10) from an evaporator (2) is introduced as oxidation air into a modification unit (3).    USE - For generating hydrogen used for fuel cell e.g. solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Utilizes oxygen contained in waste gas effectively. Eliminates need of additional compressor for supplying oxidation air to modification unit. Reduces cost and installation space of the fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporator (2)    modification unit (3)    carbon monoxide purification unit (4)    waste gas (10)    oxygen sensor (12)
NOVELTY - An injector (26) is provided to inject hydrocarbon type fuel to each reaction chamber (34a-34k). A dehydrogenation device has a discharge port (38) to eject hydrogen gas generated by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel in the reaction chambers provided with the catalyst (36)    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell of motor vehicles such as electric vehicle and hydrogen fueled vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and weight of the hydrogen gas generator and increases dehydrogenation efficiency per unit volume. Improves generation amount of high purity hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the dehydrogenation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    injector (26)    reaction chambers (34a-34k)    catalyst (36)    discharge port (38)
NOVELTY - The board (3) has a gap (32) extending along downward direction of liquid supply position (31) at upper portion.    USE - For generating reformed gas used by fuel cell such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC), for vaporization apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid permeates through the board uniformly and rapidly within short time period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vaporization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory diagram of the liquid permeating board.    liquid permeating board (3)    supply position (31)    gap (32)
NOVELTY - The sensing element (31) attached in the exit side piping (9) is arranged above the temperature compensation element (32), at an inclination of less than 5 degrees with respect to the perpendicular line.    USE - E.g. hydrogen sensor, carbon monoxide sensor and methane sensor for solid polymeric fuel cell system in vehicle, especially electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in sensitivity of the gas sensor is suppressed and the stability of output of the sensor is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the gas sensor.    gas sensor (1)    exit side piping (9)    gas detection chamber (27)    sensing element (31)    temperature compensation element (32)
NOVELTY - Each gas sensor (11a,11b) is calibrated according to angle between arrangement direction of a gas sensing element and arrangement direction of a temperature-compensation element, while mounting the gas sensor.    USE - For calibrating contact combustion type gas sensor such as hydrogen sensor used in vehicle, carbon monoxide sensor and methane sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the fluctuation in detection result according to mounting state of the gas sensor, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model representing orientation of each gas sensor.    gas sensors (11a,11b)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical portion (26) having sensing element and temperature compensation element (31,32) is rotated with respect to a case (21) so that the sequence direction of the sensing element and the temperature compensation element changes with respect to the case.    USE - Gas sensor such as contact combustion type gas sensor e.g. hydrogen sensor mounted on fuel cell vehicle for detecting combustible gas such as carbon monoxide and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction of sensitivity with respect to detected gas is suppressed, irrespective of the mounting state of the case, thus improving the stability of the sensor output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas sensor.    through-hole (9a)    case (21)    cylindrical portion (26)    sensing element (31)    temperature compensation element (32)
NOVELTY - A mixing unit (C) mixes the steam of fuel and water containing hydrocarbon and air, where steam and air are heated in the respective heating units (A,B). A modification unit (D) converts the vaporized fuel in the mixed fluid into reformed gas. The heating units heat the steam and air using the reformed gas as the heat source.    USE - Producing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen production efficiency is improved. Ignition of the fuel vapor is suppressed, as air is mixed with steam after heating separately. The modification capability of the fuel reformer is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (1)    heating units (A,B)    mixing unit (C)    modification unit (D)
NOVELTY - The conversion apparatus has multi-stage shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33) for converting water and carbon monoxide into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The heat exchangers (31a,31b) are arranged at the upstream side of the shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33), respectively.    USE - For converting carbon-monoxide into hydrogen gas used in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Performs temperature control shift-reaction catalyst correctly and hence durability of catalyst is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a carbon monoxide conversion apparatus.    heat exchangers (31a,31b)    shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33)
NOVELTY - The dregs (12) separated from useful raw material and non-useful raw material, are supplied into a methane fermentation installation (5), to produce methane to be used by electric power generator (6). Generation of biological-type substance (11), is enabled from the useful raw material. The waste liquid in the methane fermentation installation is treated to produce compost.    USE - Processing internal organs of fish and shellfish and waste material from fishery.    ADVANTAGE - Saves energy, as electric power is produced from methane gas generated by processing waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The waste material is supplied from a seasonal fluctuation adjustment stock yard (2) to a heavy metal removal device (3), useful raw material classification installation (4) for separating useful raw material from internal organs (8) of fish and shellfish and waste material (9) from fishery, and methane fermentation installation, sequentially. These installations are operated by electric power produced in the electric power generator. The separated heavy metal is made to undergo external processing. A methane fermentation installation receives carbon/nitrogen ratio adjustment material. The internal organs are hydrolyzed by pH adjustment process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of closed processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Seasonal fluctuation adjustment stock yard (2)    Heavy metal removal device (3)    Useful raw material classification installation (4)    Methane fermentation installation (5)    Electric power generator (6)    Internal organs (8)    Waste material (9)    Biological-type substance (11)    Dregs (12)
NOVELTY - The waste gas produced in a furnace (3A), by burning waste material, is converted into combustible gas in a thermal decomposition apparatus and used to produce electric power in an electric power generator. The generated electric power is used to operate a plasma torch in the furnace.    USE - For generating electric power using combustible gas produced by treating industrial waste and municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - Saves energy and reduced processing cost of waste material, as electric power generated using combustible gas produced in furnace, is used to operate the furnace.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of gasification melting furnace. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    waste material supply port (2)    furnace (3A)    plasma arc generating section (32)    main electrode (33)    nozzle (34)    direct current power source (36)
NOVELTY - A modification reaction device (1) accommodated in the heat insulation container (4), reforms the carbon containing compound or performs partial oxidation of steam. The inner wall of the container is made into mirror surface (6) and makes inward into vacuum.    USE - Hydrogen gas production system for small fuel cell power generator (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Restrains heat transfer, effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for small fuel cell power generator which comprises SOFC cell and gas generation device which are accommodated in highly thermally insulation container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the hydrogen gas production system.    modification reaction device (1)    contact combustion catalyst layer (2)    heat insulation container (4)    vacuum space (5)    mirror surface (6)
NOVELTY - A modification unit (1) performs modification reaction of raw material and water, to generate hydrogen gas. A carbon monoxide removal unit removes carbon monoxide from hydrogen gas and ventilates the hydrogen gas to water in storage container (4). The water in storage container is supplied to modification unit using a water supply port (3).    USE - For fuel cell electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Catalyst powder is collected effectively, thus preventing powder scattering to hydrogen gas supply place. Hence property reduction by contamination and flow-path obstruction are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen gas retention space is provided at the lower portion of the storage container and the hydrogen gas is blown to the container from retention space through a hole comprised from porous sintered compact. A temperature controller (10a) is provided in the container, so that detection temperature of temperature detector (5) in the container serves as predetermined standard value. Water in the storage container is ejected at time before stop of the hydrogen generator.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electric-power generation system which generates electric power using hydrogen gas supplied from hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification unit (1)    raw material supply port (2)    water supply port (3)    water storage container (4)    temperature detector (5)    waste water port (7)    temperature controller (10a)
NOVELTY - A method for decomposing natural-rubber processed material involves culturing natural-rubber decomposition microbes in a culture solution containing a natural-rubber processed material, carrying out first stage culture by fixing processed material on the surface of decomposition microbe and carrying out final stage culture by stirring the culture solution at high speed than the speed in first stage to decompose the material.    USE - For processing waste tires and other natural-rubber materials.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, cost effective and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for surface-treating rubber processed material.
NOVELTY - A microbial bed (A) containing sponge which is obtained by using poly vinyl formal as base material resin, is new. The bed inoculates microbial cells, which decompose organic refuse, and absorbs moisture content generated during decomposition.    USE - For garbage disposal and organic refuse disposer.    ADVANTAGE - The microbial bed has high water absorption capability, and effectively absorbs water content generated at the time of garbage disposal. The load of which the fiber in organic refuse is mixed with water in decomposition tank, and applied to the rotary blade for organic refuse does not increase, and power is suppressed, and cost reduction is enabled. The microbial bed has excellent flexibility, and decomposition is effectively performed without reducing the workability of organic refuse disposer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the microbial bed.    Microbial bed (A).
NOVELTY - Fuel gas feed cleaning involves passing the fuel gas through a filter that contains activated earth. The filter comprises a hollow container having a feed port and an outlet port, and the interior of the container is packed with granules of activated earth.    USE - For cleaning fuel gas feed, e.g. biogas derived from decomposition of waste material, used in gas fired engines e.g. internal combustion engines and gas turbines. Also for diesel engines for generating electricity on landfill and sewage sites.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method ensures that effective filtration of impurity-containing feed gases used to fuel combustion engines is achieved simply and in a far more cost-effective fashion by the use of an activated earth filter. The treatment creates electrostatic points within the mineral structure that has the ability to attract various and different elements from a feed gas stream. Since these electrostatic points have different properties, a wide range of contaminants can be eliminated from the gas and held captive by the activated earth.
NOVELTY - The procedure consists of expanding a cryogenic fluid (3) at high pressure in a first expansion unit (A) to produce an essentially liquid flow (5) containing at most 1 per cent mol. of gas. This flow is then expanded in a second unit (B) to form a second flow (7) that is diphasic, containing at least 1 per cent mol. of gas. The first unit (A) is a turbine or valve, and the cryogenic fluid entering it is at supercritical pressure or in liquid form, having as its main component air, oxygen, nitrogen, argon, krypton, xenon, carbon monoxide, hydrogen or methane. There is no phase separation, cooling or re-heating stage in the first expansion unit. The second expansion unit (B) has its intake connected directly to the output of the first unit and is in the form of a valve or a device with at least one fixed orifice. The flow (7) from the second expansion unit passes to a phase separator (C) or other installation, e.g. a distillation column.    USE - Cryogenic procedure for gas purification or liquefaction.    ADVANTAGE - The procedure is designed to produce a diphasic flow without damaging the expansion units involved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic view of the cryogenic fluid expansion system.    First and second expansion units (A, B)    Phase separator (C)    Cryogenic fluid flow (3)    Liquid flow (5)    Diphasic flow (7)    Liquid (9)    Gas (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves: (a) contacting natural gas containing hydrogen sulfide (H2S) with a first solvent containing amine in a manner to obtain a gas poor in (H2S) and a solvent loaded with (H2S); and (b) contacting the gas poor in (H2S) with a second solvent which is at least 90% amine by weight to obtain a gas poor in water and a solvent loaded with water.    USE - For removing hydrogen sulfide and water from natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - This method does not require supplementary treatment after using amines to deacidify and dehydrate the natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the method in schematic form.    Absorption column (2)    First absorption zone using first solvent (3)    Second absorption zone using second solvent (4)    Expansion chamber (9)    Heat exchanger (10)    Regeneration column (11)    Reboiler (15)    Heat exchanger (16)    Distillation column under vacuum (18)    Reboiler (22)    Ejector (23)
NOVELTY - Device for introducing and removing seed material in solid-biogas reactors passes seed material liquid under pressure via a feed line (8), a distribution chamber (6) and a perforated cover (7) into the core of a substrate stack to uniformly distribute the material on all sides, and removes the material under inherent pressure through the substrate stack via the perforated cover into the distribution chamber to the removal line (10) and/or via the filter (13) with the standpipe (12) to the removal line.    USE - Used in solid-biogas reactors.    ADVANTAGE - Uniform distribution of the seed material is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the biogas reactor.    distribution chamber (6)    perforated cover (7)    feed line (8)    removal line (10)    standpipe (12)    filter (13)
NOVELTY - In a process to convert sludge or slurry into dry powder or grain, centrifuge-dried particles fly from the centrifuge into a widening space in which they change direction into a drying chamber. The centrifuge particle expulsion zone translates to the drying zone in which it is surrounded by a high particle concentration. Expelled moist particles impinge upon the fluidized cloud of predried recirculated particles.    USE - Used for continually converting sludge or slurry e.g. plaster, coal powder, mineral sludge, fermented organic residues, paint sludge residues or sewage slurry into dry fine grain or powder.    ADVANTAGE - The process eliminates residue encrustation in the assembly and reduces operating costs. The process facilitates regulation of the size of grain or powder particles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a drying centrifuge in which moist particles emerge from the centrifuge in a finely dispersed state. They impinge upon predried particles within a dry gas, preventing premature contact with the drying walls.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side-view of the centrifuge combined with a fluidized bed drier.    Helical centrifuge (1)    Solids ejection zone (5)    Predried solid particles (6)    Hot gas (15)    fluidized bed drier (11)    Hot gas (15)    Heavier moist particle (52)    Circulating fluidized layer (59)    Drier housing (61)    Venturi jet (61)    Conical drying section (63)    Pipe (64)    Centrifuge frame (66)
NOVELTY - Agricultural reactor comprises a circular reactor (1) to convert organic farm residues into methane by fermentation (2) supplied via a feed pipe (3) into a rising cylinder (6). The reactor has a base (4) with jets (5) and a sediment trap (7) under the cylinder.    USE - Used to convert spent beet residues and other waste products to methane.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor maximizes methane yield from a given quantity of silage and minimizes the frequency of reactor shut-down for cleaning.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side-view of a reactor.    Reactor (1)    Fermentation chamber (2)    Slurry inlet (3)    Reactor floor (4)    Air jets (5)    Upright sediment settling cylinder (6)    Sediment trap (7)    Gas dome (9)    Sediment removal pipe (10)    Drain (11)    Substrate extraction (12)
NOVELTY - Generating methane from agricultural residues and wastes comprises using a reactor (1). Incoming raw materials are released into a reactor chamber with a floor (4) having an array of jets (5) discharging a combination of methane and fermenting substrate. Operation of the jets (5) is regulated so that the resulting sediment is driven towards a sediment trap (6).    USE - Used to generate methane from agricultural residues and wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The process maximizes the methane yield in relation to the raw inputs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a reactor.    Reactor (1)    Fermentation chamber (2)    Slurry inlet (3)    Reactor floor (4)    Air jets (5)    Upright sediment settling cylinder (6)    Sediment trap (7)    Gas dome (9)    Sediment removal pipe (10)    Drain (11)    Substrate extraction (12)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a film reactor for making propane by partially oxidated to prepare propenal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - It adopts the method of mixing sol and AgBiVMoO to complex powder body to implement preparation. It utilizes AgBiVMoO to form a thin layer of uniform continuous film on alpha-Al2O3 film pipe surface, the loaded quantity of catalyst on the film pipe can be up to 50-100 mg, thickness is about 6-7 micrometers, and it has scheelite structure. When the film reactor is used for preparing propenal by propane oxidation, it makes the reaction gas propane must be contacted with catalyst layer to make it produce reaction to raise conversion rate of propane, and can make the produced propenal must be quickly separated from catalyst layer so as to prevent it from be deep-oxidated and raise selectivity of propenal.
NOVELTY - Dosing device (1) comprises a heating element (4) made from a wire mesh and/or a tubular hollow body by which heat can be delivered to a fuel.    USE - For dosing liquid fuels into a reformer of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Sputtering and distribution of the fuel and the fuel-gas mixture is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the dosing device.    dosing device (1)    dosing unit (2)    fixing element (3)    adapter (6)    dosing pipe (8)    air feed (9)
NOVELTY - The stack has an interconnect (12) with an anode facing surface and a cathode facing surface. A cathode/anode gasket seal is placed between a fuel cell unit (22) and the cathode/anode facing surface to define a cathode/anode flow path. Fuel and air manifold seals are placed between a fuel cell holder plate and the interconnect for isolating fuel and air intake and exhaust manifolds, respectively.    USE - Used for producing electricity by electromagnetically reacting oxidant and fuel without combustion in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The stack has a solid, unitary interconnects and uses seal-defined flow fields to effectively direct the reactants to the fuel cell electrodes. The anode or cathode gasket seal, and the manifold seals are formed by a single seal unit at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air intake manifold and the air exhaust manifold are within the cathode flow field. The fuel intake manifold and the fuel exhaust manifold are within the anode flow field.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of a interconnect of a solid oxide fuel cell stack.    Interconnect (12)    Fuel exhaust manifold (16)    Air intake manifold (18)    Air exhaust manifold (20)    Fuel cell unit (22)
NOVELTY - The assembly has a fuel cell stack (30) with an inlet port for receiving cooling water and an outlet port for discharging water and water vapor. The ports communicate with a membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) of a fuel stack. Thermal storage tank has a heat exchanger conduit with an inlet and outlet coupled the output port and the input port of the stack for forming a cooling circuit for the cell stack.    USE - Used for generating electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly is simple, cost-effective, small in size and efficient and reduces the waste of heat by-product produced during the generation of the electricity. The cooling circuit readily maintains the purity of the cooling water delivered to the MEA, thus improving quality and performance of the membrane. The assembly guarantees an appropriate thermal cooling capacity under all external electrical load conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a thermal energy management system for providing combined heat and electrical power from an electrochemical fuel cell.    Fuel cell stack (30)    Anode purge outlet (32)    Cathode inlet (33)    Hydrogen tank (40)    Purge valve (46)
NOVELTY - The system has two reactant supply sub-systems for supplying reactant incoming streams to two respective reactant inlets of a fuel cell (12) at supply rates. Conditioning component e.g. regenerative dryer (80), hydrogen humidifier (90) conditions one of the incoming streams to a selected conditioning level. A controller (300) increases one of the supply rates by reducing the level based on changes in a system variable.    USE - Used for producing electrical power (claimed) in an automobile application.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides rapid responses to the power demands and instantaneously provides high power output. The system offers dynamic control of temperatures and relative humidities for the incoming fuel cell process gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell system for producing electrical power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of a fuel cell gas and water management system.    Fuel cell (12)    Cathode exhaust recirculation line (40)    Regenerative dryer (80)    Hydrogen humidifier (90)    Controller (300)
NOVELTY - Production of alkyl esters from a mixture (M1) of glycerides and free fatty acids involves acid-catalyzed alkyl esterification of alcoholic solution of (M1), base-catalyzed transesterification of glycerides, acid-catalyzed esterification of the resultant residual saponified byproducts followed by removal of alcohol and separation of resulting alkyl esters.    USE - For production of alkyl esters (claimed) useful as fuel alternative for diesel engines.    ADVANTAGE - The process is rapid and efficient and can be made even faster by increasing the catalytic dosage and/or applying increased heat, pressure and agitation. The alkyl esters are uncontaminated by glycerol byproducts, hence water washing step which is both time consuming and polluting, is eliminated in the process. The method permits a design of commercial plants that are small in size, have high production rates, and are portable as truck mounted, trailer-coupled units or as static plant at low capital cost. The process allows complete alkyl esterification of various lipids; and is economical as the raw materials are sourced from e.g. renewable oilseed feedstocks, grease trap waste, animal fats or soapstock materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of alkyl esters from a mixture (M1) of glycerides and free fatty acids involves:    (a) acid catalyzed alkyl esterification by addition of an acid to an alcoholic solution of (M1) to decrease the pH of the solution to 1 - 2;    (b) base catalyzed transesterification of glycerides by treating the resultant solution with concentrated alkoxide solution to raise its pH to 12;    (c) acid catalyzed esterification of residual saponified byproducts from step (b) by treatment of the resultant solution with acid so as to decrease the pH of the solution to 2;    (d) removal of alcohol from the solution obtained in step (c); and    (e) separation of resulting alkyl esters.
NOVELTY - Undesired impurities are removed from a gas in a process enclosed equipment by removing any air from the process enclosure equipment, introducing helium gas into the process equipment, circulating the helium gas throughout the process enclosed equipment to remove impurities, exchanging the helium with a process gas, and initiating a process with the process gas.    USE - For removing undesired impurities from a gas in a process enclosed equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows efficient purification of a process enclosure with helium while intending to process with different gas, e.g. argon. It circulates gas rapidly and does not require a large inventory of high-pressure gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for process equipment comprising enclosed process equipment, a source of helium gas, a source of a processing gas, and a mechanism for exchanging the helium gas with the processing gas in the enclosed environment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the invention.
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon sensor comprises an electrolyte (10) with a reference electrode (16) and a metal oxide electrode (12) coplanar with the electrolyte surface. The electrolyte is compressed and sintered about the metal oxide electrode for intimate contact.    USE - For detection of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCS) emitted by any combustion more particularly in the tailpipe emission of an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - By proper selection of the electrode material and electrode dimension, the magnitude of sensor response to any particular gas species can be amplified. The sensor response is stable over time and is reproducible from sensor to sensor and the sensor response is highly selective to NMHCS. The sensor can provide a direct measure of the catalyst efficiency and works in high oxygen concentrations which makes it ideal for operation in the exhaust of a lean-burn engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for forming a hydrocarbon sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of a sensor.    electrolyte (10)    oxide electrode (12)    lead wire (14)    reference electrode. (16)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical device comprises a first electrochemical cell that removes at least a portion of the water from mixed gas stream and a second electrochemical cell that removes the residual water which is absorbed by a dry feed stream e.g. hydrogen to obtain desired gas.    USE - For producing a dry gas e.g. methane or carbon dioxide (claimed), especially for use with Sabatier reactors in which carbon dioxide and hydrogen are converted to methane and water.    ADVANTAGE - The dry feed stream creates a partial pressure differential with respect to the mixed gas stream, causing the dry feed stream to absorb any residual water from the mixed gas stream. The potential applied across the second electrochemical cell prevents any portion of the dry feed stream from diffusing into the mixed gas stream. Thus, the gas stream that is output from the second electrochemical cell is pure, dry gas, with virtually no water mixed into the desired gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a methane production system comprising the electrochemical device.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (12) has a hollow manifold (20) with a channel defined between its top and bottom walls. Multiple openings are provided in the top wall for fluid communication with the channel. An anode is arranged at exterior surface of the manifold over which electrolyte and cathode are arranged sequentially.    USE - For fuel cell stack (claimed) used for power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to manufacture fuel cell stack in cost-effective and reliable manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell stack;    (2) method for fabricating fuel cell stack; and    (3) manifold.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the fuel cell stack.    fuel cell stack (10)    fuel cells (12)    top stack plate (16)    bottom stack plate (18)    manifold (20)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (3) has hydrogen gas inlet (31) and air inlet (35) through which hydrogen gas is supplied and air is blown inside the cell stack from respective pipe lines (41,51). A display unit displays various electric parameters and hydrogen gas supply and air supply conditions, during operation of fuel cell power system.    USE - For fuel cell power system that generates power using fuel cell e.g. proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) used in industrial application.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy setup of piping system and electrical connections, therefore preparation work before performing functional test and demonstration is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of piping system in functional test and demonstration apparatus.
NOVELTY - The fuel controller delivers the concentrated fuel to the reservoir of the diluted fuel, when the fuel concentration of the diluted fuel falls below a predetermined level.    USE - For fuel delivery by active delivery system including pump or passive delivery system (claimed) including pressure operated valve for liquid fuel cell (claimed) such as direct alcohol fuel cell (DAFC) for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel concentration of the diluted fuel is maintained in predetermined range to minimize the fuel crossover.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a passive fuel delivery system;    (2) a method for delivering fuel in liquid type fuel cell; and    (3) a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the block diagram of the fuel delivery system.    active fuel delivery system (200)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a print head with discharge ports for discharging recording fluid to record an image on a recording material (021). A detachable supply cartridge has a container for containing fuel for a fuel cell. A hybrid cell comprised of the fuel cell and a secondary cell as a power supply system. The system stores an electric power generated by the fluid cell into the secondary cell when the apparatus is not driven.    USE - Used for outputting document or image formed by a computer.    ADVANTAGE - The storing of the power generated by the fuel cell in the secondary cell enables the cell to have the capacity and performance capable of maintaining the power required for performing the recording. The fuel cell is a direct methanol cell and does not require a reforming device for picking-up hydrogen from methanol, thereby reducing the complexity of the system. The weight and volume of the fuel cell is reduced. The fuel is a mixture of water and methanol that has a higher convenience and safety than those of gasoline, pressurized hydrogen or hydride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view showing entire construction of an ink jet recording apparatus.    LF roller (B101)    LF pinch roller (B102)    Carriage (B104)    Recording material (021)    Cartridge (100)
NOVELTY - The rate of fuel flow provided to the fuel cell stack is changed to a predetermined amount. The response of the cell voltage of the stack to the changing of the flow is observed. The efficiency of the stack is regulated based on the observation.    USE - For regulating efficiency of fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - As the fuel rate and airflow are changed to a predetermined amount to observe the changes based on which the cell is regulated, the efficiency of cell is regulated precisely.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) The fuel cell stack system;    (2) An article comprising a computer readable storage medium; and    (3) An apparatus usable with a fuel processor and fuel cell stack providing cell voltages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A sludge prepared by mixing ground organic material with a liquid is supplied to a reactor containing bacteria capable of carrying out degradation under anaerobic conditions.    USE - For producing biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Biogas is produced via a more effective process, reducing its cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sludge prepared by mixing ground organic material with a liquid is supplied to a reactor containing bacteria capable of carrying out degradation under anaerobic conditions. Producing biogas by anaerobic degradation of an organic material comprises the following steps:    (1) grinding the organic material;    (2) mixing the organic material with a liquid to form a sludge containing 15-45 wt.% solids;    (3) supplying the sludge to a reactor (2) where it comes into contact with biogas generating bacteria in order to carry out degradation under anaerobic conditions; and    (4) allowing sludge with a solids content of 5-10 wt.% to degrade inside the reactor in order to produce biogas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the biogas production apparatus.    Gastight reactor (2)    Inlet for organic material (4)    Outlet for biogas (6)    Outlet for compost sludge (8)    Stirrer (10)    Mixer tank (18)    Feed pipe (26)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-oxygen fuel member based on immobilized enzymes comprises a hydrogen electrode made of carbon material on which enzyme hydrogenase as a catalyst of hydrogen oxidation is immobilized, and an oxygen electrode made of carbon material on which enzyme oxidase as a catalyst of oxygen reduction is immobilized. Electrodes are partitioned by the ionic conductor. Invention provides low sensitivity for carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide containing in hydrogen composite obtaining by reforming and microbiological way, respectively. Invention can be used for the development of electrochemical generator of electricity, namely, for fuel members using molecular oxygen as fuel and oxygen as an oxidizing agent, among them, oxygen as the air component.    USE - Biotechnology, biochemistry.    ADVANTAGE - Valuable properties of fuel element. 4 cl, 11 ex
NOVELTY - Isobutane fraction is alkylated with butane-butylene fraction in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid, which is continuously added into alkylation reactor.    USE - Petrochemical processes.    ADVANTAGE - Increased yield of high-quality alkylated gasoline.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Olefin feedstock, fresh and recycling sulfuric acid as well as fresh and recycling isobutane flow in parallel streams into each reaction section of reactor, while reaction mixture overflows from one level of reactor into another, spent sulfuric acid is simultaneously removed. Reaction mixture consisting of sulfuric acid, isobutane, and alkylation product is settled, subjected to acid and alkali treatment and passed into deisobutanization column to remove isobutane, which is recycled into alkylation reactor. Alkylation is carried out consecutively in two reaction apparatus having autonomous circuits for circulation of sulfuric acid, which is separated from reaction products after their withdrawal from each reaction apparatus. In the first reaction apparatus, butylene-containing feedstock is added to isobutane/sulfuric acid emulsion, while propylene-containing fraction is additionally introduced into gas product mixture removed from the first reaction apparatus and/or into the second reaction apparatus at propylene-to-isobutane volume ratio between 1:4 and 1:6. Alkylation of isobutane with propylene-containing fraction is conducted at flow rate of the latter 0.7-1.5 m3/h (calculated for propylene) per 1 m3 sulfuric acid in reactor space.
NOVELTY - A system for obtaining electricity, hydrogen and oxygen using water comprises a water electrolyzer.    USE - For obtaining electricity, hydrogen and oxygen using water, e.g. as self-energy sources such as fuel for fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system obtains electricity, hydrogen and oxygen consistently and efficiently, by using the buoyancy of hydrogen and oxygen obtained by electrolyzing water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electricity is obtained by changing force for moving the hydrogen and oxygen contained containers (02) to the surface of the water after containing hydrogen and oxygen obtained by performing electrolysis at a time point when ascending movement is started at a spot deep in the water from the surface of the water (04) into containers. Electrodes (06) are inside the respective containers, are divided into anode and cathode, so that hydrogen (10) and oxygen (09) are collected in a first tank (11) by performing electrolysis in the water. The respective gases are transferred to secondary tanks (12,13) using the pressure difference (04,05) generated accordingly. Secondary electricity is obtained by performing rotational motion (14) using energy obtained accordingly, and the oxygen and hydrogen collected in the secondary tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above system.    container (2)    water (4)    pressure difference (4,5)    electrodes (6)    oxygen (9)    hydrogen (10)    first tank (11)    secondary tank (12,13)    rotational motion (14)
NOVELTY - A spherical evaporator (23) is arranged in inflow portion of reformed gas in selection oxidation catalyst layer (19) of the carbon monoxide removal device (17). The catalyst layer oxidizes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas to which oxygen or oxygen containing gas is added. An opening provided at one end of the evaporator, discharges water vapor in the catalyst layer.    USE - Carbon monoxide removable apparatus for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the arrangement of the evaporator, the temperature of the catalyst layer is adjusted to optimum range. Since water does not adhere to the catalyst, deterioration of the catalyst layer by evaporation of the water is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The other end of the evaporator is connected to a water feed pipe. A controller adjusts water quantity supplied to the evaporator based on the physical quantity correlated with temperature of the catalyst layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus having modifier which generates reformed gas which contains hydrogen from hydrocarbon-type fuel and the carbon removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the carbon monoxide removal device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbon monoxide removal device (17)    selection oxidation catalyst layer (19)    evaporator (23)    air supply unit (21)    water supply unit (25)
NOVELTY - A modifying reactor (2) and a heat exchanger (2), are retained in the same casing (10). The modified gas (34) ejected from the reactor, is made to flow directly into the internal flow path (11) of the heat exchanger.    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich modified gas, in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and weight of the modifier, by virtue of its structure. Enables easy mass production of modifier whose maintenance operation is simplified. Eliminates need for heat insulation layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat exchanger exchanges heat between oxygen-containing gas (33) and modified gas. The reactor and heat exchanger, are integrated by attaching their blocks together.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of internal heating-type water vapor modifier.    water vapor modifier (1)    modifying reactor (2)    heat exchanger (3)    casing (10)    internal flow path (11)    oxygen-containing gas (33)    modified gas (34)
NOVELTY - The outer and inner reaction chambers separated by a heat conducting partition plate (2), have heat-resistant honey-comb structure (30) or heat-resistant fin or heat-conducting fin, formed with gas passageway (31).    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich modified gas.    ADVANTAGE - Improves heat conduction efficiency between the chambers. Reduces size of the modifier and improves its efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat is transmitted to outer chamber from inner chamber. The gas passageway is inclined towards the partition plate side. The inner heat transfer portion (23) has a hollow portion without gas passageway, at center. The filler is packed at periphery of the fin. Far-infrared radiation coating material layer is formed on both surfaces of the partition plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of water vapor modifier.    outer wall (1a)    partition plate (2)    outer and inner heat transfer portions (10,23)    honey-comb structure (30)    gas passageway (31)
NOVELTY - Processing shellfish waste, comprising dissolving-separating shellfish meat adhering to the shellfish shell and electrolyzing shellfish waste in aqueous alkali solution, is new.    USE - For processing shellfish waste obtained from meat and fish market, meat/fish and shellfish processing factory, etc, and for use as soil improvement agent, cosmetic raw and calcium supplement.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method is eco-friendly, effective in removing the shellfish meat adhered to the shellfish shell and prevents generation of bad smell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) methane fermentation method, comprising carrying out methane fermentation of treated water obtained while processing shellfish waste by anaerobic-treatment system; and    (2) processing animal waste material, comprising carrying out dissolution separation of protein structure such as meat adhered to calcium-type structure such as bone and electrolysis processing of animal waste material in aqueous alkali solution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows model of electrolytic processing of shellfish waste.    Electrolytic cell (18)    Positive electrode (20)    Negative electrode (22)    Direct current electric power device (24).
NOVELTY - A carrier which holds methane-fermentation microbes, comprises a group of small pieces of the form which is capable of floating in the fermented liquor in a methane fermentation tank (16). Each carrier has the space of sufficient size, to hold a methane-fermentation microbe and an activation microparticle group used for activating the fermentation microbe.    USE - For performing methane fermentation processing of organic refuse and waste foodstuffs obtained from houses, to produce methane gas used in electric-power generation process, and fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the convenience and ease of handling of the carrier, as the carrier comprises a group of small pieces which are held inside a filter medium arranged in the tank. Enables easily promoting the growth of the fermentation microbes, by provision of the activation microparticle group.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A filter medium provided in the fermentation tank, has the hole of the size which is capable of separating the fermentation microbe from the fermented liquor. The carrier is held inside the filter medium.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane-fermentation processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the methane-fermentation processing apparatus.    hopper (12)    methane-fermentation tank (16)    dehydration unit (18)    biodegradation unit (20)    return line (22)
NOVELTY - A return line (24) is provided to return predetermined flow-amount ratio of process liquid with respect to the supply amount of organic refuse, to a hopper (12) after methane fermentation of organic refuse in a methane fermentation tank (16) using microbes.    USE - For methane fermentation of organic refuse for manufacturing fertilizer, solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The methane-fermentation efficiency is improved by promoting solubilization of the organic refuse. Suppresses inhibition of methane-fermentation by ammonia using the process liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The predetermined flow amount ratio of the process liquid is 10-100%. A dehydration tank (18) is arranged to perform dehydration of the process liquid, after methane fermentation tank of organic refuse. A biodegradation unit (20) performs decompose treatment of the supernatant liquid obtained by dehydration of process liquid. A solubilized tank (14) is arranged at upstream side of the methane-fermentation tank for solubilizing the organic refuse.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane-fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the methane-fermentation apparatus.    solubilized tank (14)    methane-fermentation tank (16)    dehydration tank (18)    biodegradation unit (20)    return line (24)
NOVELTY - A methane fermentation tank (16) is filled with organic refuse such that the refuse is treated with microbes. A sedimentation tank (18) is arranged downstream to the methane fermentation tank for separating solid and liquid from a fermented liquor. The supernatant liquid in the tank is filtered by a filtration unit (20). The non-filtered residue is supplied to the methane fermentation tank through a return line (48).    USE - For methane fermentation of organic refuse for manufacturing fertilizer, solid fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to improve collection efficiency of the methane-fermentation microbe, without increasing installation costs and without impairing operation rate of the methane fermentation apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solubilized tank (14) is arranged in upstream side of the methane-fermentation tank for solubilizing the organic refuse. The filtration unit is arranged in a fixed position in alignment with an organic-refuse insertion opening of the tank (16) and a fermented-liquor discharge port. The ammonia in the fermented liquor is removed by an ammonia removing unit (22). The fermented liquor is returned to the solubilized tank as dilution water through a return line (52).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane-fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the methane-fermentation apparatus.    solubilized tank (14)    methane-fermentation tank (16)    sedimentation tank (18)    filtration unit (20)    ammonia removing unit (22)    return lines (48,52)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying air as seal gas from an air supply line (12) to a mechanical seal (32a), during starting state of the cathode blower (32). During usual driving state, the water vapor is supplied from the exhaust waste heat recovery boiler (30) to the mechanical seal through the water vapor supply line (14).    USE - For supplying gas to cool mechanical seal of cathode blower used with molten carbonate type fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable continuous operation of the cathode blower, by continuous supply of seal gas to the seal. The shaft sealing performance is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of the seal gas supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air supply line (12)    water vapor supply line (14)    fuel cell (20)    exhaust heat recovery boiler (30)    cathode blower (32)    mechanical seal (32a)
NOVELTY - A fuel treating equipment reforms the source gas into hydrogen enriched heating gas. The heating gas and the oxygen in the air are made to react electrochemically in a fuel-cell stack, to generate electricity. A pH controller (122) adjusts the pH of the waste water generated during the electrochemical reaction, before releasing the water to outside without recycling.    USE - E.g. domestic small fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The acidic waste water is neutralized before discharging, inexpensively and efficiently. Hence the system is made environment-friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the pH controller.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    pure water tank (42)    pH controllers (122,134)    air releasing unit (126)    exit piping (128,138)    tap water piping (132)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (1) generates electric power when hydrogen and oxidizing agent gas are supplied. An ejector (6) transfers oxidizing agent gas ejected from fuel cell to hydrogen supply flow path (10) through oxidizing agent gas circulation flow path (20). A hydrogen pump (7) provided at downstream side of ejector, increases pressure of gas. An exhaust valve (25) ejects gas from path (20).    USE - Fuel cell system for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is used effectively without discharging during starting up of the fuel cell, thereby improving fuel consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system driving method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    ejector (6)    hydrogen pump (7)    hydrogen supply flow path (10)    oxidizing agent gas circulation flow path (20)    exhaust valve (25)
NOVELTY - A motor driven hydrogen pump (7) circulates and rises the pressure fuel-off gas i.e. hydrogen from hydrogen off-gas circulation flow path (20) to hydrogen gas supply flow path (10). A pump power consumption detection sensor (27) measures the load condition of pump, and an electronic controller (26) controls the rotation speed of pump motor accordingly.    USE - Fuel cell system used for fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Increases protection and safety of hydrogen feed pump, and enables effective drive. The power required for driving the pump is reduced, and improves the fuel conservation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for driving method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    hydrogen pump (7)    hydrogen gas supply flow path (10)    hydrogen off-gas circulation flow path (20)    electronic controller (26)    pump power consumption detection sensor (27)
NOVELTY - An exhaust gas pipe (15) is provided between the housings for circulating exhaust gas between humidification modules. The humidification modules are arranged in parallel along axial center direction of the housings.    USE - For humidifying gas and fuel supplied to fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Decreases installation space of humidification apparatus of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the housing. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat exchange (12)    exhaust gas pipe (15)    cooling water pipe (17)
NOVELTY - A pair of head (6,7) is arranged at the both ends of hollow-fiber-membrane module (11). The connections (8,9) connect each heads to warm water riser (18).    USE - For fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves heat exchange capability. Temperature of gas supplied to fuel cell is made nearly identical. Performs heating of humidifier reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for heating method of humidifier for fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of fuel cell system.    heads (6,7)    connections (8,9)    hollow-fiber-membrane module (11)    warm water riser (18)
NOVELTY - The anode humidifiers (1) and cathode humidifiers (2) are mutually shifted in parallel with the longitudinal direction, so as to form a space. A hydrogen circulation unit (3) is provided at the space, for supplying hydrogen (H) to the anode humidifiers.    USE - For humidifying hydrogen or air in humidifiers used in fuel cell system of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The humidification unit is simplified by the arrangement of humidifiers, and hydrogen or air can be efficiently humidified in each humidifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the humidification unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    anode humidifier (1)    cathode humidifier (2)    hydrogen circulation unit (3)    fuel cell (FC)    hydrogen (H)
NOVELTY - The apparatus calculates temperature and output voltage of warmed-up fuel cell main unit (1). A comparator compares calculated values with actual values to determine whether output voltage state of main unit is normal. When fuel cell voltage is low, hydrogen/pure water suppliers (3,10) are driven to recover normal state of main unit based on which electric power extraction of main unit is determined.    USE - For controlling fuel cell system used as drive source of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the extraction of the electric power beyond the electric generating capacity of the fuel cell, and hence avoids the abnormal reduction in the fuel cell voltage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system control apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell main unit (1)    load (2)    hydrogen supplier (3)    humidifier (7)    pure water supplier (10)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell main casing (100) has a solid-electrolyte membrane (114) arranged between a fuel electrode (102) and an oxidizing agent electrode (108). A drain element (664) ejects the water generated with the electrode (108) to the exterior of the casing.    USE - Fuel cell for portable electric equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The water is removed from the oxidizing agent electrode efficiently, thereby stabilizing output of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) portable electric equipment; and    (2) fuel cell operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell main casing (100)    fuel electrode (102)    substrates (104,110)    oxidizing agent electrode (108)    solid-electrolyte membrane (114)    oxidizing agent electrode (132)    drain element (664)
NOVELTY - A controller (37) controls a heater (41) to heat a combustion catalyst of a combustor (7) before introduction of anode-off gas from anode (4) of a fuel cell stack (3), based on the operational status of the fuel cell stack.    USE - Fuel cell system mounted in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The anode off gas intermittently introduced into the combustor is burned reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell stack (3)    anode (4)    combustor (7)    controller (37)    heater (41)
NOVELTY - The cleaning mechanism circulates fuel or liquid in the fuel chamber (26) by applying external energy and cleans the inside of the fuel chamber.    USE - Fuel cell system mounted on electronic device such as notebook personal computer, mobile telephone, digital camera, video camera and personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - Removes the impurity retained in the chamber, thereby improving the efficiency of electric power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus comprising fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (2)    fuel chamber (26)    dividing wall (261A)
NOVELTY - The package has a semiconductor-type gas sensor with individually selective sensitivity for detection of methane gas and hydrogen gas. Based on the electrical output of the sensor, the leakage of the gases is detected.    USE - In fuel cell of motor vehicle, for supplying power.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage of gases in the fuel cell power generating package can be detected easily by a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor-type gas sensor, driven by pulse supplied from a pulse electric system, is equipped with tin oxide sintered compact containing lanthanum and zirconium with tin oxide sintered compact containing alkaline earth element. The sensor performs detection of gas during the pulse electrical charging time. The sensor detects hydrogen gas in the thermal initial stage transient response region, and detects methane gas in the regular output area after the thermal initial stage transient response.
NOVELTY - A detachable reaction container (20) accommodated in a housing, stores a metal which generates hydrogen according to chemical reaction with water and is connected to a water storage tank (10) through water inlet pipe (12) and hydrogen and unreacted water return pipe (14). Heaters (30,32) are provided to heat the reaction container. A discharge pipe (16) discharges hydrogen and water from the tank.    USE - For generation and supply of hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated without byproducing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The fuel cell is supplied with water and hydrogen of required amount simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    Water storage tank (10)    Inlet pipe (12)    Return pipe (14)    Discharge pipe (16)    Heaters (30,32)    Reaction container (20)
NOVELTY - The aperture diaphragm roller (1) consists of a water absorptive polymer gel.    USE - For dehydration of fermentation residues such as wastewater sludge, oil impregnated scum, extraction residue, alcohol, domestic wastewater and kitchen wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The aperture diaphragm roller has excellent dehydration efficiency and wider contact area. The content of water is highly reduced, and handling of collection agency is easily enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The aperture diaphragm roller (1) consists of a water absorptive polymer gel. The raw material of water absorptive polymer gel is an ionic polymer with hydroxyl group such as polyvinyl alcohol and polyacrylic acid.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) dehydration method; and    (2) water-removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of sludge filtration water-removal device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    aperture diaphragm roller (1)    sludge filtration water-removal device (10)    sheet such as non-woven fabric or paper (12)    sheet rolling-up roller (13)    guide roller (14)    dewatered-sludge sheet (23)
NOVELTY - The system comprises a bipolar plate (5) supplied by a conduit (15). The bipolar plate comprises a number of channels (6). The conduit is mounted upstream of a reactant distributor (14) and includes two supply inputs (9,10). The distributor may comprise a controlled valve; an all-or-nothing controlled valve, or it a progressively controlled valve. The fuel cell may include a set of membrane electrodes, and be used to supply an electric motor.    USE - Fuel cell for electric motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved distribution of partial pressure of reactants, and better distribution of thermal losses.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A control unit (16) is provided to control the operation of the distributor in order to achieve a reduction in the loss of load, and a smoothing of the output current of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the distribution system for fuel cell reactants.    bipolar plate (5)    channels (6)    inputs (9,10)    reactant distributor (14)    conduit (15)    control unit (16)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for anaerobic fermentation of biomass (7) comprising a fermenter (1) comprising at least one fermentation cell (5) with a gas-permeable base plate (8) for aeration, intermediate and main biogas reservoirs (2, 3) that can be connected to opposite sides of the base plate through biogas lines (16, 17), and a closable control valve (20) on the inlet side of the main reservoir.    USE - For anaerobic fermentation of biomass (unspecified) to produce biogas, especially methane.    ADVANTAGE - A wide range of starting materials (unspecified) can be processed with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows apparatus comprising a garage-type fermenter.    Fermenter (1)    Fermentation cell (5)    Biomass (7)    Base plate (8)    Biogas lines (16, 17)    Control valve (20)    Heat exchanger (28).
NOVELTY - The housing has a ceramic base body with a surface opening for a membrane electrode unit, a first fluid channel extending from a lower opening surface opposite a main surface of the membrane electrode unit to an outer surface of the base body, a first wiring conductor, a cover body to cover the opening in a fully airtight manner, a second fluid channel extending from a cover surface opposite the other main surface of the membrane electrode unit to the outer surface of the cover body and a second wiring conductor.    USE - For a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Compact, stable, highly reliable, with a uniform gas feed and compensation of temperature gradients inside the housing and enables a highly efficient electrical connection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The housing has a ceramic base body (16) with a surface opening for a membrane electrode unit (13), a first fluid channel (18) extending from a lower opening surface opposite a main surface of the membrane electrode unit to an outer surface of the base body, a first wiring conductor (20), a cover body (17) to cover the opening in a fully airtight manner, a second fluid channel (19) extending from a cover surface opposite the other main surface of the membrane electrode unit to the outer surface of the cover body and a second wiring conductor (21). INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a fuel cell    (b) and an electronic device with the inventive fuel cell as an energy source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell housing and fuel cell    base body (16)    membrane electrode unit (13)    first fluid channel (18)    first wiring conductor (20)    cover body (17)    second fluid channel (19)    second wiring conductor (21)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a membrane-electrode arrangement or MEA with a gas diffusion layer(s), bipolar plates with reaction gas flow fields and different regions in which the reaction gas dew point differs from that of the reaction gas in a bounding gas diffusion layer region. The flow field sections in these regions have a device(s) for controlled of reaction gas flow property change by changing its Reynolds number for improved MEA moisture level.    USE - For generating electricity from chemical reactions.    ADVANTAGE - Has a bipolar plate of space-saving construction, i.e. low unit height, an improved moisture exchange with flow control.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell has a membrane-electrode arrangement with at least one gas diffusion layer, bipolar plates on the anode and cathode sides with reaction gas flow fields and different regions in which the dew point of the reaction gas flowing through the flow field in this region is different from that of the reaction gas in the corresponding bounding region of the gas diffusion layer. The sections of flow field in these regions have at least one device for controlled change of the reaction gas flow properties by changing its Reynolds number to improve the membrane-electrode arrangement moisture level.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a profile of dew point temperature along the cathode channel (Drawing includes non-English text)
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a heat exchanger on or in a housing element (5) holding a burner (2). The heat exchanger is connected to a hollow cylindrical reformer (1).    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Cooling of the housing in the region of the burner is optimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above device.    Reformer (1)    Burner (2)    Housing element (5)    Housing (6)    Pipeline (7)
NOVELTY - A mixed oxide catalyst especially for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in hydrogen-rich or oxygen-containing gas mixtures in the presence of water and carbon dioxide contains copper (ca. 15-30 atom %), manganese (ca. 55-77 atom %) and cerium (ca. 7.5-10 atom %).    USE - The catalyst is used in (a) oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, especially for fuel cells, oxygen being added in a stoichiometric amount with respect to the carbon monoxide (CO) and reaction being in a hydrogen-enriched gas containing by volume CO (0.2-1%), carbon dioxide (CO2) (10-20%), water (15-30%), hydrogen or hydrogen + nitrogen (balance) diluted with oxygen or air at O2/CO ratio 1.0-1.5 at 100-200 (especially 155-190)degreesC and at space velocity 1000-15000 (especially 5000-7500) hour-1; or (b) CO oxidation in an oxygen-containing mixture in presence of water and CO2, especially in treatment of automobile exhausts (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalysts show good removal of carbon monoxide over a wide temperature range (140-200)degreesC, achieving levels below 50 (especially below 10) ppm CO in hydrogen-rich gas mixtures and being resistant to side reactions in oxygen-containing gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph compares carbon monoxide removal activities for Cu/Ce-, Cu/Mn- and Cu/Ce/Mn catalysts.
NOVELTY - A bio-processor of organic waste for methane gas production comprising a storage and fermentation vessel (10), is new. The cylindrical vessel contains ten liters of water accelerating the bio gas production.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - A catalyst (C1) comprises precious metal particles (P1) dispersed on a support material (S1). (P1) Comprises rhodium or ruthenium. (S1) Comprises ceria and zirconia (10 -60 wt.%) dispersed on the surface of a silica-alumina material (M1).    USE - For reforming fuel using steam and optionally air (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides a reforming catalyst with improved sulfur tolerance; a high performance and durability; and carbon deposition is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a catalyzed component (C2) comprising (C1) deposited on a substrate (S2).
NOVELTY - A fuel cell cassette comprises composite membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with molded peripheral gasket having groove(s) or channel(s) to distribute sealant. The MEA, oxidant flow field, fuel flow field and separator plate are assembled and encapsulated about periphery by sealant. Sealed channels selectively block reactant manifold openings not intended to deliver material to particular flow field.    USE - In a fuel cell stack useful in electrochemical applications.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack prepared from the fuel cell cassette is less complex, more reliable and less costly to manufacture. The fuel cell cassette readily achieves standardized specification. The sealing channels formed in gasket of composite MEA allows simplification of non-porous separator plate. The manifold openings within each layer selectively remain closed or open, thus reducing or eliminating undesired flow. The fuel cell stacks is fabricated with minimum labor thus reducing the cost and allowing process automation. The manifold openings are sealed by adhesion of the sealant to the fuel cell components thus reducing the compression on the final stack and improving the reliability of the seals and electrical contact. The end plates can be molded into the fuel cell cassette thus producing an entire stack in one step. The fuel directly uses a roll-to-roll MEA and maximizes working area of the MEA incorporated into the stack. The peripheral gasket prevents interaction of the MEA with reactant present in the manifold of the cassette thus preventing or reducing cross-cell potential. The fuel cell cassette does not require compression between end plates thus improving reliability of the fuel cell stack and decreasing the weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell stack comprising at least one fuel cell cassette and at least one end plate.
NOVELTY - The plate (1) has an internal fuel manifolds (3, 4) formed in an edge area and in fluid communication with center flow channels. Two plates have a set of ribs defining anode (16) and cathode flow channels on the surface of one plate, respectively. A set of center flow channels (13) is defined from extending between the plates based on nested plates. A turnaround plenum (21) is in fluid communication with the channels (13, 16).    USE - Used for internal reforming of fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The plate removes excess heat generated by the exothermic fuel cell reactions occurring in the fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross section of the bipolar plate.    Bipolar plate (1)    Internal fluid manifolds (3, 4)    Center flow channels (13)    Anode flow channels (16)    Turnaround plenum (21)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen-containing fuel gases comprises catalytically reforming hydrocarbons in two stages, and cleaning the gas. The reforming step comprises autothermal reforming followed by steam reforming at temperatures below 650 degrees C.    USE - For mobile and stationary fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Heat exchangers are not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for the production of hydrogen-containing fuel gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen from biodegradable feedstock involves introducing solid feedstock into first stage anaerobic bioreactor to form liquid effluent, transforming effluent through hollow semi-permeable fibers dispersed in second stage anaerobic bioreactor having light transmitting wall, where fibers have surface coated with biofilm of photosynthetic bacteria to form hydrogen gas and exhausting hydrogen gas from anaerobic bioreactor.    USE - For the production of hydrogen gas useful in fuel cell technology to generate electrically on the forms and factories producing wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The method converts a high percentage of organic wastes into hydrogen. The waste stream is converted without direct release of greenhouse gases in the first stage anaerobic bioreactor. The waste stream from the second stage anaerobic bioreactor generates no methane and minimal amount of carbon dioxide where a major proportion is trapped in the biomass of the photosynthetic bacteria. The solids generated from both bioreactors meet or exceed the criteria of class A biosolids by environmental protections agency protocol 503A.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen from biodegradable feedstock's involves introducing the solid feedstock into a first stage anaerobic bioreactor under thermophilic conditions to form a liquid effluent, transforming the effluent through hollow semi-permeable fibers dispersed in a second stage anaerobic bioreactor having a light transmitting wall, where the fibers have outer surface coated with a biofilm of photosynthetic bacteria to form hydrogen gas and exhausting the hydrogen gas from second stage anaerobic bioreactor.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system for producing hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Cleaning of contaminated vessel comprises: providing a steam source, surfactant source, and solvent source; delivering steam to the vessel; removing vaporous effluent from the vessel while steam is delivered to the vessel; introducing a solvent into the steam delivered; and introducing a surfactant into the steam delivered to the vessel.    USE - For cleaning a contaminated vessel e.g. heat exchanger (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method allows cleaning and restoring of operating efficiency of organic liquid chemical exchangers in a safe and effective manner and in a very short period of time, without the need to disassembly the equipment and without the need to rinse contaminate from the equipment after cleaning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of removing contaminants from the metal surfaces of a fluid-transmitting vessel, comprising stopping the flow of the fluid in the vessel, removing substantially all fluid from the vessel, exposing the contaminants in the vessel to a solvent which makes the contaminants more miscible into the fluid, and resuming the flow of fluid in the vessel to remove the contaminants along with the flow of fluid; and    (b) a steam delivered cleaning agent for use in decontaminating a vessel, consisting of 50-95 wt.% organic solvent, and 5-50 wt.% surfactant, where the weight ratio of the surfactant to organic solvent of the cleaning agent is 0.136-0.176.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph showing how fouling affects the heat transfer coefficient for a heat exchanger over time.
NOVELTY - A nanotube sensor comprises a substrate (10), a first longitudinal projection (11) on the substrate, a second longitudinal projection (12) on the substrate and at least one nanotube (15) grown and connecting first and second longitudinal projections. The two projections, when heated, move away from the substrate and when cooled, move toward the substrate.    USE - For sensing a gas or liquid (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The nanotubes are grown in-situ in a directed manner in a certain gas environment by bridging a moat between two moveable finger- or arm-like support pieces, connections or electrodes for the nanotubes. The nanotubes are functionalized with different materials (metals, organics, semiconductors) to enhance response and discrimination for different gases. Current-voltage and current-gate voltage characteristics are obtained of the nanotube as a device like a transistor and these characteristics provide information on a gas or liquid absorbed by the nanotube.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for sensing a gas or liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an electrical configurations of a nanotube sensor.    substrate (10)    first longitudinal projection (11)    second longitudinal projection (12)    nanotube (15)    gate structure (13)    power supply. (24)
NOVELTY - A fuel composition comprises a primary fuel including a surface-active compound; an auxiliary fuel including a hydrogen-containing compound with a reduction potential such that a thermodynamic reversible potential of an electrochemical cell including the compound at an anode (20) and an oxygen cathode (14) is at least 1.56 V; and an electrolyte (16) with a pH above 7.    USE - Used in electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel composition produces high power and is stable in contact with the catalytic anode when the electrochemical circuit is broken.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the fuel cell.    Cathode (14)    Electrolyte (16)    Electrolyte chamber (18)    Anode (20)    Fuel chamber (22)
NOVELTY - Bioreactor comprises wet gas holder of variable volume and methane tank for sequential phase-by-phase anaerobic fermentation of ground and liquefied organic wastes. Gas holder casing has bottom and lifting gas bell.    USE - Municipal management and agricultural engineering.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified manufacture and maintenance and availability for farm residents.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Methane tank reservoir has conical dome, gas collector arranged above conical dome, and concentric partition coaxially connected from the top to dome. Partition is made in the form of truncated cone with downward oriented base and is adapted for dividing methane tank into outer and inner fermentation chamber. Bioreactor has branch pipe provided with T-piece arranged on the top thereof and adapted for introducing of ground and liquefied organic wastes into methane tank and branch pipes for discharging of fermented mass sediment and biogas from methane tank. Methane tank branch pipes are built into gas holder casing. Fermented mass sediment discharge branch pipe is equipped with outlet. Biogas discharge branch pipe is made in the form of coaxially mounted pipe fix ed by means of centering carriers. Methane tank reservoir without its bottom, with its side wall, conical dome and gas collector above it and concentric partition coaxially connected from the bottom to dome is attached with its gas collector on biogas discharge branch pipe coaxially mounted in gas holder casing. Bioreactor may be used by people having farm or home's ground and keeping animals and birds or garden, where various organic wastes are constantly available and may be used for producing of combustible biogas for domestic purposes and high-quality fertilizer for horticulture.
NOVELTY - A container has combustion pipe (6), modification pipe (3), heat insulator (8), carbon monoxide transformer (9), primary spacer (13), carbon removal device (11) and the secondary spacer (14) held in concentric manner and in order.    USE - For generation of hydrogen rich gas by steam reforming of hydrocarbon type gas such as town gas, so as to supply to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the container has several components, arranged in concentric manner, the hydrogen generator size is reduced and thermal efficiency is made high. Temperature of each component is controlled, since surplus heat in each component is collected and effectively used. Installation of an heat exchanger external to the modifier is made unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification pipe has the catalyst for modification of the town gas by reacting with water to obtain hydrogen rich gas. A fuel and water supply units are connected to the modification pipe. The thickness of the heat insulator is set so that the surface temperature of the heat insulator is controlled to 200-300 degrees C. A selection oxidation catalyst layer (10) is provided in the carbon monoxide removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    modification catalyst (2)    modification pipe (3)    combustion tube (6)    heat insulator (8)    carbon monoxide transformer (9)    selection oxidation catalyst (10)    carbon monoxide removal device (11)    container (12)    spacers (13,14)
NOVELTY - Processing of waste wood involves loading waste wood into pre-chamber (11) of cooling tower (10) in a coke dry-quenching installation, gasifying and carbonizing.    USE - For processing waste wood, for use as heating gas and charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method effectively processes waste wood, without using different heat source for processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above method of processing waste wood. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cooling tower (10)    pre-chamber (11)    cooling chamber (12)    waste heat boiler (15)    circulation duct of coolant gas (16,17)
NOVELTY - The ratio of water vapor volume and amount of fuel supplied for predetermined period into a fuel modifier, during transfer to modification running from warming-up of fuel modifier, is set higher than that of usual modification running operation.    USE - For hydrocarbon-type fuels e.g. methanol and gasoline.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents damage of fuel modifier by high temperature in catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the time charts explaining the operation of fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Processing apparatus (1) (I) of plant waste material (2) for composting waste material, has a windmill unit (3) for obtaining rotational force using a windforce, and fermentation machine (5) to stir, ferment, and decompose the plant waste material to obtain compost.    USE - (I) is useful for composting plant waste material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) is efficient in composting plant waste material at economical cost, without reducing odor and soil pollution. Fine manure is produced by (I), without requiring manual power and by using rainwater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a processing apparatus of plant waste material.    processing apparatus (1)    plant waste material (2)    windmill unit (3)    crusher (4)    fermentation machine (5)    water replenishment unit (6)    propeller (7)    crushing roller (12)    fin (18)    tank (20)    dripping piping (21)    adjustment valve (22)
NOVELTY - Improvement of coating material lees sludge involves fermenting organic waste such as organic refuse, purification tank sludge and animal excrement using aerobic microbes to obtain substance having moisture content of 35% or more, followed by improving the shape and weight of the sludge with heat emitted during fermentation.    USE - The method is useful for producing raw materials such as shock absorbing material, solid fuel and road surfacing material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to recycle organic waste more efficiently and continuously, without causing environmental pollution. The method is simple and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of raw materials such as solid fuel, road surfacing material and shock absorbing material.
NOVELTY - Organic waste containing wood-type waste material is degraded and anaerobic methane fermentation is carried out. Thus, the organic waste is processed and methane gas is obtained.    USE - The method is useful for processing of organic waste such as pruned branch and wasted wood, paper refuse, organic refuse, garbage, livestock farming excrements, sewage sludge, and purification tank sludge, for obtaining methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - Methane gas is efficiently obtained from the wood-type waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing of the organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Producing (M1) methane by fermenting organic substance (1), involves solubilizing organic substance in solubilization tank (4), supplying waste gas from combustion apparatus to solubilization tank, and fermenting the solubilized substance obtained by solubilization process, in methane-fermentation tank (14) to produce methane.    USE - (M1) or (I) is useful for producing methane by fermenting organic substance (claimed) such as garbage, sludge, biomass.    ADVANTAGE - In (M1), solubilization of organic substance is performed efficiently without requiring excess energy, and high amount of methane is produced at economical cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus (I) for carrying out (M1), has solubilization tank for solubilizing organic substance, combustion apparatus for supplying waste gas to solubilized tank through waste-gas line and diffuser (43) for dispersing the waste gas from waste-gas line within the solubilization tank, and methane-fermentation tank for fermenting the solubilized substance obtained by solubilization tank, to methane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fermentation apparatus producing methane.    Organic substance (1)    Water (3)    Solubilization tank (4)    Storage tank (7)    Methane-fermentation tank (14)    Water-storage tank (19)    Diffuser (43)
NOVELTY - The sludge processing involves performing anaerobic fermentation of organic sludge (A) using microbes in anaerobic digester, adding alkali chemicals (B), followed by heating and collecting methane gas (G).    USE - The method is useful for recovering methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective decomposition of decomposition-resistant sludge generated after water treatment. The pretreatment condition does not exert unfavorable influences on subsequent reaction hence decomposition of sludge is performed easily. The volume reduction of sludge is performed economically in short period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart explaining sludge processing.    Pre-processing tank (1)    Heater (1a)    Sludge (A)    Alkali chemical (B)    Pretreatment sludge (C)    Digested sludge (E)    Methane gas (G)
NOVELTY - System for processing wastewater (A), comprising a rotation washing-type membrane separator (4) having disc-type membrane (4b) arranged on a hollow rotary shaft (4a), immersed in a bioreaction tank (1), such that it is substantially orthogonal to rotary shaft with respect to rotational flow in the bioreaction tank, where organic wastewater is processed by the action of microorganisms in the system.    USE - The system is useful for processing wastewater (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system for processing wastewater enables stable sewage disposal. The problems such as stirring in bioreaction tank, damage to the membrane, reduction in washing capability and increase in power consumption are eliminated, and the influence of the untreated air in the biological treatment is prevented. The transfer of a liquid mixture by a conveying pump is unnecessary, and an installation cost and operating cost are cheaper.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - System for processing wastewater, comprising a rotation washing type membrane separator having disc-type membrane arranged on a hollow rotary shaft, immersed in a bioreaction tank, such that it is substantially orthogonal to rotary shaft with respect to rotational flow in the bioreaction tank, where organic wastewater is processed by the action of microorganisms, and the sludge component and aqueous solution are processed by filtration membrane in the system having microorganisms as main constituents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view and sectional drawing of system for processing wastewater.    Bioreaction tank (1)    Diffusion plate (2)    Conveying pump (3)    Rotation washing-type membrane separator (4)    Hollow rotary shaft (4a)    Membrane (4b)    Wastewater (A)
NOVELTY - Processing organic refuse comprises selecting operation mode of the treatment tank (4) according to the kind of organic refuse. The heating of the treatment tank after heating for predetermined time is stopped, when the kind of organic refuse having stickiness increased by drying process is processed.    USE - The method is useful for processing organic refuse ejected from kitchen, foodstuff industry.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesion of organic refuse at the inner face of the treatment tank is prevented. The organic refuse processing efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The treatment tank is arranged in the a processing unit (S), in which the organic refuse is decomposed. The treated substance is collected by a recovery unit. The rotation speed of the stirring claw (6b) is reduced when the organic refuse having stickiness increased by drying process is processed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Treatment tank (4)    Stirring claw (6b)    Radiator (14)    Header (15)    Processing unit (S)
NOVELTY - Microorganisms belonging to Acinetobacter genus, which form circular colonies, exhibit glossy pale yellow color, with lipolytic property, where Acinetobacter genus is a bulb-shaped aplanetic Gram negative bacillus, capable of forming circular colonies, having wavy edge and exhibiting low convex elevation, with catalase positive and oxidase negative properties, are new.    USE - The microorganisms are useful for processing fat and oil containing substances such as wastewater (claimed). For splitting fats in industrial liquid waste or wastewater of restaurants.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganism of Acinetobacter sp. which is capable of degrading oil and fat, enables easy processing of fat and oil contained in industrial liquid waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) Acinetobacter sp. GKN-4 strain having accession number FERM-P-18805 deposited under independent administrative International patent organism depositary, National institute of advanced industrial science and technology;    (2) fat splitting agent containing microorganisms such as Acinetobacter sp. GKN-4 strain having accession number FERM-P-18805; and    (3) processing fat and oil containing substance.
NOVELTY - The temperature of a metal hydride and pressure in a reactive container are measured during supply of metal hydride to a pressure vessel. The measured values are plotted to obtain a supply region (A). The temperature and the pressure are maintained corresponding to the region (A), when supplying water to the reaction container. The container is cooled, when judging generation of excess water vapor.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable supply of hydrogen, suppressing generation of excess water vapor in the reaction container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of relationship between the metal-hydride temperature and pressure in reaction container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A separator board (13) is arranged at a gaseous diffusion layer so that the direction of gas passageway (14) corresponds with the direction of warp (16) of a carbon fiber cloth. The rib width of separator board, the groove width of gas passageway and the distance between tissue points (12) of cloth in direction orthogonal to the gas passageway satisfies preset relation.    USE - Polyelectrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) for battery.    ADVANTAGE - Homogenizes current density distribution in electrolyte film electrode joint surface during fuel cell operation so the supply of reactive gas to the joint surface and ejection of water are performed smoothly, and the time dependent operation voltage reduction by flooding is prevented effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-section of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Weft (11)    Tissue points (12)    Separator board (13)    Gas passageway (14)    Electroconductive water repellent layer (15)    Warp (16)    Rib (17)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical adsorption tower (1) is equipped with an intermediate gas opening (4) formed in a sidewall (10), between upper and lower gas openings (2,3). A support (52) is arranged between the gas-permeable partitions (50,51), forming gas-passing space (5'). The opening (4) is connected to the space, by vertically moving a partition structure (5). A filler is packed in upper and lower sides of the structure (5).    USE - For separating, purifying and concentrating gases such as nitrogen, oxygen, hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The packing of the filler, reduces the flow resistance of the gas and ensures effective processing of the mixed gas. Enables easy channeling of the gas, without enlarging the installation area of the adsorption tower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the adsorption device.    cylindrical adsorption tower (1)    upper and lower gas openings (2,3)    intermediate gas opening (4)    partition structure (5)    gas-passing space (5')    sidewall of tower (10)    partitions (50,51)    supports (52)
NOVELTY - In a process for operating multi-stage carbon monoxide catalytic converter, the inlet temperature (TE) and the surfaces over which the gas flows are chosen such that in each stage the net reaction speed (VN) varies within a defined temperature range (T).    USE - Process to operate a carbon monoxide catalytic converter forming part of a mobile gas generator for a bank of fuel cells with hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The process facilitates a reduction in the quantity of catalytic material employed and the overall size of the catalytic converter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The range is defined by the maximum possible net reaction speed (VN/max) in the product side direction with reference to the respective CO concentration (yco) and catalyst. The reformate gas flow is subjected to intermediate cooling between stages. The temperature range ((T) as defined by the values (T1max(yco), T1min (yco)) and varies by +/- (5-20%) preferably +/- (7-10%) of temperature value (T1(yco)) at the maximum possible net reaction speed (CN/max) in the product side direction, with respect to the carbon monoxide concentration (yco) and catalyst in use. The reformate gas flow is derived from a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds (CnHm) and in which heat surrendered by the gas generator is recovered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a graph of temperature in degrees Celsius against carbon monoxide concentration.
NOVELTY - The screw conveyor (10) is constructed for compression, the screw having at least one plain section without screw flights (11.0) in the tubular screw casing (12).    USE - The equipment is useful for feeding dry organic waste into a digester to produce methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable operation is achieved at minimal cost. Introduction of air with the waste, is minimized by compressing the solids. No methane or fluid can leave by this introduction route.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A single screw-, or parallel double-screw type of conveyer is employed. The flightless section intervenes between two screw sections, the first of which is longer and has a filling funnel (13.1) associated with it. The second is at the outlet, where there is a constriction. The line (16) to which the screw conveyor outlet is connected, is connected at each end to the interior of the digester vessel (2), for recirculation using a pump (17), which follows the point of injection. A comminuter (18) is installed just before the pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic cross section of the injection and recirculation equipment at the base of the digester, is presented.    Digester vessel (2)    Screw conveyor (10)    Plain section without screw flights (11.0)    Tubular screw casing (12)    Filling funnel (13.1)    Line (16)    Pump (17)    Comminuter (18)
NOVELTY - Processing food waste and recovering energy comprises producing a feed fuel (17) from an amount of waste, using it to form a vapor and partially using the vapor for the process and for producing electrical energy.    USE - Used for processing food waste and for recovering energy.    ADVANTAGE - The process is reliable and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for carrying out the process comprising a crushing unit, a sterilization and drying unit, a mixing unit, a fractionating unit and a compacting unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the process.    firing unit (15)    vapor producing boiler (16)    feed fuel (17)    vapor turbine (19)    electrical generator (20)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to equipment for treating foul smelling gas via biotechnological process, and is especially one kind of integral fungus deodorizing reactor and its operation method. The integral fungus deodorizing reactor consists of four parts, humidifying area, biochemical reaction area, humidifying liquid storing area and nutritive liquid storing area. The biochemical reaction area is provided with stuffing for fungus microbe to adsorb and grow. In the reactor, foul gas is passed through a central pipe as the humidifying area to be humidified and then made to enter biochemical reaction area directly. The reactor provides fungi and bacteria of different types with habitat for stable growth. The present invention may be used in treating foul gas from sewage treatment and other type of foul gas.
NOVELTY - Bioreactor contains a filler in the form of selected slag from steel-making processes, aerated and circulated, either in a closed circuit system or a number of series- or parallel-linked reactors combined with a biofiltration process. During operation the slag particles become coated with a biofilm that absorbs and precipitates dissolved phosphorus and promotes nitrification by spontaneous adjustment of the pH level of the slag. After a period of use the organic mixture produced by the biofilter and reactor should be changed and can be re-used as a soil treatment medium.    USE - The bioreactor is used for removing pollutants from waste water, especially dissolved phosphorus resulting from fresh water fish farming, can also be used for treating waste water from industrial, agricultural and domestic sources.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor makes use of an inexpensive industrial by-product (slag) to remove phosphorus and heavy metals, to filter materials in suspension and promote growth of a heterotrophic microbial biofilm. The slag can be cleaned and recycled after use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged view of a fragment of the bioreactor material. (Drawing contains non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas generating system (10) includes a membrane electrode with an anode (109), cathode (111) and an ionically conductive membrane (110) between them; electrical connections (214); and a non-circulating fuel transport system for transferring a water/fuel mixture (101) by capillary action to the anode to generate hydrogen gas.    USE - Hydrogen gas generating system for producing hydrogen and combined with fuel cells for converting the hydrogen to electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The system has greater efficiency and long term performance. Use of non-circulating fuel transport system optimizes surface coverage of reactants and releases gaseous products, thus reducing the need for costly and bulky ancillary equipment, and forms a compact, portable generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an integrated electrochemical reformer and fuel cell system.    hydrogen gas generating system (10)    water/fuel mixture (101)    anode (109)    ionically conductive membrane (110)    cathode (111)    electrical connections. (214)
NOVELTY - An apparatus comprises at least one reactor (10) and at least one solid collection system (b). (10) contains at least two reactor feed tubes (12 and 16) for concentrically feeding gases to the reaction zone (20).    USE - For production of inorganic gases e.g. chloramine (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus allows a simple, easily cleaned reactor design, which can be continuously operated over longer time. The apparatus provides at least one means for removing solids from the product gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for continuous production of an inorganic gas involving: feeding at least 2 feed gases concentrically to a reaction zone of a reactor; allowing the gases to react to form a product gas; and flowing the product gas to at least one (b). At least one feed gas is heated prior to being fed to the reaction zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus.    reactor (10)    outer shell tube (12)    inner shell tube (16)    reaction zone (20)    discharge tube for flowing the product gas to at least one collection system. (26)
NOVELTY - The treatment of manure slurry involves separating the slurry into a fiber fraction and a manure water fraction, drying and gasifying the fiber fraction to form combustible mixture of gases, heating the water fraction at an elevated temperature to degrade organic compounds and evaporate water to form a combustible gas mixture and a second water fraction, and burning the combustible gases to generate heat for drying, gasification and/or heating.    USE - Used for treating a manure slurry, especially manure slurry from pigs.    ADVANTAGE - By using this process an essentially manure free pig production is possible. The farmer will be able to reduce expenses for heating since the process has an output of hot water. It provides the main substances in fertilizers in an essentially pure form thereby giving the farmer the possibility of reducing the amount of commercial fertilizers. By processing manure slurry sufficient energy is generated to allow the process to be performed without the supply of external energy. It is possible to recover oil useful in diesel engines, to recover metals, phosphorus compounds, ammonia compounds and potassium compounds from the slurry.
NOVELTY - An electrochemical generator comprises at least one elementary cell containing porous current collectors/distributors in correspondence of the active area, a device for feeding reactant gases and a device for extracting the exhaust reactant gases and products. The pressure drops localized in the both devices are asymmetrical.    USE - For low working pressure operations and for chemical to electrical energy conversion.    ADVANTAGE - The low pressure (at most 1.5 bar absolute) avoids use of gas compressors and complex, expensive expanders. The concentration of pressure drop along the collecting channels has the advantage of making withdrawal of water condensed in the active area more effective. The hydrophobic collecting channels provides good adherence and capability of effectively resisting to the water leaching or eroding action.
NOVELTY - The method involves comprising a fuel e.g. hydrogen (2) and separating the fuel into constituent parts and free electrons, which are traveled through an external circuit (10,20). The free electrons, constituent parts, and additional substance e.g. oxygen (22) are combined to form a new substance e.g. water for using the fuel to generate a heat for a useful purpose.    USE - Used for reusing a fuel in a fuel cell system for producing a wide range of an electrical output.    ADVANTAGE - The method of reusing fuel will meet the growing demands for energy in an environmentally safe, affordable and practical way.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sample configuration to perform a fuel reuse.    Hydrogen gas (2)    Pressure (3)    Transport piping (4,14,23,25)    Fuel cell systems (5,15)    External circuits (10,20)    Oxygen (22)
NOVELTY - A gas detector has an intake to let in the gas to be detected and the gas let in through the intake is detected by a gas sensor. The intake is formed upward. A porous film (14) having water-repellant and oil-repellant properties is stretched horizontally at an upper end of the intake, and an outside of an outer circumferential edge of the porous film is so structured to allow any liquid on the porous film to fall externally.    USE - For use in a gas leak detector for detecting leak of flammable gas, e.g. carbon monoxide, methane gas, hydrogen gas or liquefied petroleum gas.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid does not deposit in a water-screen form, and gas permeability is ensured all the time, with reliable detection of gas secured. Any dust having flied onto the porous film would fall away from the porous film externally.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a plan view of a gas detector.    Housing (1)    Circumferential wall (11)    Porous film (14)
NOVELTY - The system includes a device selected from engine, fuel cell and combinations. A reformer in fluid communication with the device, has a housing with a support. The support comprises reforming catalyst and hexaaluminate comprising crystal stabilizer disposed in hexaaluminate crystal structure.    USE - Engine/fuel cell system with reformer in vehicles, for reducing vehicle emission.    ADVANTAGE - The stabilized hexaaluminate maintains sufficient catalyst activity to reduce vehicle emission during vehicle start operation. Since the hexaaluminate incorporates the ion in the crystalline structure, the ions are not free to migrate or induce migration of the precious metals, therefore the life of the catalyst is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) reformer;    (2) fuel reforming method;    (3) vehicle operating method; and engine/ fuel cell system operating method.
NOVELTY - Synthesis gas mainly containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide for producing alcohols, ammonia, and Fischer-Tropsch process products with specified H2/CO ratio within 1.0 to 2.0 is obtained in two stage process comprising partial oxidation stage and catalytic conversion of residual methane with first-stage products.    USE - Alternative fuels.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced power consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The first stage is accomplished by noncatalytic partial oxidation of natural gas with oxygen to give reaction products characterized by nonequilibrium content of H2O and CH4 and wherein O2/CH4 molar ratio is approximately 0.76-0.84, after which resulting reaction products are converted with adjusting additives of CO2 and H2O or H2O and CH4 to produce gas mixture, which undergoes catalytic conversion of residual methane with steam.
NOVELTY - Invention relates to methods for utilization of solid household waste and can be used in processing municipal waste, utilization of household trash. Method involves preparing compost from solid household waste, compost-containing bed, it colonization with worms and providing conditions for vital activity and multiplication of worms by parameters of temperature, humidity and aeration of compost. Then the compost layer is grown to provide migration of worms up as processing compost by worms and the processed lower layer is removed. Processing waste is carrying out in expanding to the bottom bunker and aeration of compost is carried out on deep up to 200 cm providing the optimal ratio of biohumus and fodders in outlet. Invention provides enhancing the output of process for processing organic part of solid household waste.    USE - Biotechnology.    ADVANTAGE - Improved processing method.
NOVELTY - Provided is a process for producing superior seedbed from organic waste matters like food waste, animal waste, agricultural and marine by-products, by-products, food factory by-products, which activates the growth of plants and soil bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises the steps of: injecting the organic waste matters into an organic waste matter-injecting and storing tank(1) after pretreating; injecting the organic waste matters into a blender(3) from the organic waste matter-injecting and storing tank(1) and then adding soil of fields and mountains, yellow soil, clay, sawdust, chaff, leaf mold, peat moss, dried sphagnum moss, bark, coconut peat, zeolite, chaff activated carbon, red soil, slaked lime, calcined dolomite, and etc. to the organic waste matters; stirring and mixing in a mixer(4); fermenting and aging in a fermenting and aging facility(6) after turning the mixture upside down by a rotary mixer(7); removing extraneous matters in an extraneous matter-separating device(10). To ferment and age, a culture solution of a humifying bacteria and a soil bacteria being symbiosis with the humifying bacteria is supplied to the organic waste matter-injecting and storing tank(1) and the blender(3).
NOVELTY - A modifier has a reactor and an evaporator which evaporates water to generate steam. The steam and raw material are made to react to generate hydrogen, which is then supplied to a fuel cell. Heating for generation of hydrogen is performed using a predetermined fuel supplied externally. Heating of the water to generate steam is provided by modifier using the off-gas discharged from said fuel cell.    USE - For producing hydrogen used in fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Improves hydrogen generation efficiency by modifier since input energy is increased. Decreases carbon monoxide concentration in reformed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier has a reactor and an evaporator which evaporates water to generate steam. The steam and raw material containing a compound which consists of at least carbon and hydrogen are made to react to generate hydrogen, which is then supplied to a fuel cell. Heating for generation of hydrogen is performed using at least a predetermined fuel supplied from the outside. Heating of the water to generate steam is provided by a modifier using at least the off-gas discharged from said fuel cell.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell modification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (1)    Modification catalyst (2)    Evaporator (5)    Burner (8)    Pipe (13)    Combustion gas flow path (14,15)    Combustion catalyst (17)
NOVELTY - A backup burner (16) arranged parallel to a process gas burner (4), is operated when the temperature of hot water in hot water storage tank (5) is below a predetermined temperature. The backup burner is stopped, when the temperature of hot water in the hot water storage tank reaches a predetermined temperature.    USE - Used in co-generation system connecting storage tank to fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains hot water temperature in hot water storage tank at predetermined temperature. Improves degree of freedom of the installation features of the hot water storage tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hot-water-storage apparatus which has a reformer (2) that reforms the original fuel into reformed gas of hydrogen main unit. The reformed gas and oxidizing agent are supplied to the fuel cell (3) to generate electric power. The hot water storage tank is connected to the fuel cell system (1) provided with process gas burner. The process gas burner burns the reformed gas generated by the modifier. The process gas burner and the backup burner are arranged in parallel and a backup water heater (17) is connected to the co-generation system (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hot water storage apparatus in the co-generation system schematically. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Process gas burner (4)    Hot water storage tank (5)    Co-generation system (6)    Backup burner (16)    Backup water heater (17)
NOVELTY - The agriculture system is equipped with an organic substance collecting unit, a composting unit for processing the recovered organic substance into manure and a device for utilizing the processed manure.    USE - The system is useful for the manufacture of manure using livestock excrements and microbes, for use in agriculture.    ADVANTAGE - The system enables effective manufacture of manure for agriculture. The system is eco-friendly in nature and enables composting of livestock excrements using microbes. The manure processed by the system effectively improves soil fertility and growth of agriculture plants.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an automatic system for collecting cattle feces and composting with microbes. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A screw pump (50) is provided to dispense sludge in a fermenter (10) maintained at pressure less than the predetermined value by a vacuum pump (40) which supplies air into the fermenter. The fermenter is provided with a stirrer (20a), a jacket (30) and double valve and rotary ball valves (70a,70b).    USE - The apparatus is useful for compost processing of organic waste, livestock farming waste and sludge obtained from methane fermentation processing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies instillation structure thereby reduces processing cost of treated substance. Ensures efficient fermentation by stabilizing drying.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic outline of fermentation apparatus.    Stirrer (10)    Fermenter (20)    Jacket (30)    Vacuum pump (40)    Screw pump (50)    Valves (70a,70b)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply element (31) containing hydrogen derivative of an aromatic compound, contacts a metal supported catalyst (10) and is stored in a storage unit (2). The catalyst is heated in a reactor (3). The liquid component (34) separated from the product (32) of the reactor is circulated as hydrogen supply element into the reactor based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound.    USE - Generating hydrogen for use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents time dependent change of the hydrogen generation amount, by circulating liquid component based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative in the aromatic compound. Enables stabilization of the hydrogen-generation quantity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply element (31) containing hydrogen derivative of an aromatic compound, contacts a metal supported catalyst (10) and is stored in a storage unit (2). The catalyst is heated in a reactor (3). The liquid component (34) separated from the product (32) of the reactor is circulated as hydrogen supply element into the reactor based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound. A gas-liquid separator (4) separates vapor and liquid from the product of the reactor. The concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound is detected. A feedback unit fluctuates rate of feed of hydrogen supply element based on the detected value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    storage unit (2)    reactor (3)    gas-liquid separator (4)    metal supported catalyst (10)    hydrogen supply element (31)    product (32)    liquid component (34)
NOVELTY - A pitch and a radically polymerizable monomer are mixed. The obtained mixture is radically polymerized, to obtain a carbon material precursor.    USE - For manufacturing carbon material precursor for hydrogen gas occlusion material, electrode material for double layer capacitor, fuel cells and secondary batteries, filter and catalyst support, and as heat insulating material.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon material precursor is obtained by cost-effective method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbon material precursor.
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying water vapor to reaction gas obtained by burning liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel in combustion air of quantity smaller than the theoretical quantity of air in pre-mixed combustor (1), so that shift reaction and removal process of carbon monoxide are performed.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen containing gas used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen containing gas is easily and reliably manufactured using the hydrocarbon fuel. The manufacturing apparatus is compact. The maintenance property of the apparatus is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen containing gas manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen containing gas manufacturing apparatus.    pre-mixed combustor (1)    burner head (5)    carbon monoxide shift unit (14)    carbon monoxide removal unit (16)