NOVELTY - A catalyst is fixed to internal circumference of a cylindrical shaped rotary portion (2) with through-holes (2a), as a catalyst layer (4). The rotary portion driven by a motor (10), ejects dehydrogenation product of a hydrogen containing compound through the holes (2a). A raw material supply piping (3) provided at center of the rotary portion, supplies hydrogen containing compound towards the catalyst layer.    USE - For solid polymer type fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - By providing the supply piping at the center of the rotary portion, hydrogen containing compound is supplied over the whole surface of the catalyst layer. Since catalyst is not mounted on a flat surface, reaction area of the catalyst is enlarged and the need to enlarge a reactor to obtain sufficient reaction rate is eliminated. Hence the reactor with miniature size is provided, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the rotary liquid-film reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Rotary portion (2)    Through-holes (2a)    Raw material supply piping (3)    Catalyst layer (4)    Motor (10)
NOVELTY - Main transport unit supplies hydrogen supply composition produced by hydrogenation unit by adding hydrogen to hydrogen accepting material obtained by refining crude oil, to hydrogen generator which produces hydrogen by dehydrogenating supply composition. Sub transport unit conveys supply composition from which hydrogen has been separated, to hydrogenation unit or petroleum refining unit, from hydrogen generator.    USE - For storing and supplying hydrogen to fuel cell, hydrogen fueled engine, hydrogen burner, and electric power generation unit using hydrogen as fuel, which is used to supply electric power to electronic devices, transport system, apartments, office buildings, hotels, hospitals, passenger car, bus.    ADVANTAGE - Since the supply composition from which hydrogen has been separated, is returned to the hydrogenation unit or refinery, hydrogen is produced economically. Enables using the same transportation means as that for petroleum products, for transporting the supply composition and the accepting material. The system is safe, efficient, and is easy to handle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Container (12) with air permeable wall (42), is divided into reaction chambers (68) by dividing wall (67), and catalyst (13) is provided into reaction chambers. Inlet provided in chamber (18) surrounding permeable wall, to blow source gas with hydrocarbon/aliphatic-alcohol into chambers (68). Hydrogen in gas reformed using catalyst, is isolated through separation membrane (43) and collected at chamber (18).    USE - Hydrogen generator for use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Need for a source gas supply pump is eliminated, thereby reducing size and cost of the generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    Hydrogen generator (10)    Cylindrical container (12)    Hydrogen collection chamber (18)    Air permeable wall (42)    Hydrogen separation membrane (43)    Dividing wall (67)    Reaction chamber (68)
NOVELTY - An inorganic material containing titanium oxide supported by oxides other than titanium oxide is obtained by hydrolyzing titanium alkoxide in an organic solvent containing titanium alkoxide and oxides other than titanium oxide.    USE - For honeycomb monolith used for carbon monoxide shift catalyst for fuel modification type hydrogen generation system (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inorganic material has high dispersibility of titanium oxide. The shift catalyst has excellent activity and heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) honeycomb monolith;    (2) carbon monoxide shift catalyst comprising the inorganic material as a support;    (3) fuel modification type hydrogen generation system; and    (4) manufacture of inorganic material.
NOVELTY - Water to-be-processed is supplied upwardly along the microorganism carrier (1) formed by weaving fiber, arranged in vertical direction of treatment tank (10), at flow rate of 0.1 m per hour or more.    USE - The method is used for treatment of wastewater in drains.    ADVANTAGE - Optimal drainage treatment is performed with respect to kind of wastewater drain, by arranging the microorganism carrier according to the target drainage treatment capability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for wastewater treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model structure of the wastewater treatment equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Microorganism carrier (1)    Support material (2)    Treatment tank (10)    Adjustment tank (20)    Purification water tank (30)
NOVELTY - Raw water is supplied from a raw-water tank (21) into a primary side (31) of a filtration membrane (30). The wash water mixed with oxidizing agent is supplied into the primary side of the filtration membrane such that a cake layer laminated in the primary side is washed. The backwashing water is supplied to a secondary side (32) of the membrane, for backwashing of the membrane.    USE - The method is used for filtration of water from waterworks, wastewater such as sewage, industrial liquid waste, garbage leachate, human waste, agricultural effluent, livestock farming wastewater and culture wastewater, using membranes such as ultrafiltration, nano filtration and reverse osmosis membranes.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables removal of trace amounts of ionic components such as manganese and ion, without mixing of oxidizing agent such as hypochlorous acid into the water. Enables user to obtain high purity water, due to membrane filtration of the water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of a filtration apparatus.    Raw-water tank (21)    Wash water tank (23)    Filtration membrane (30)    Primary side of membrane (31)    Secondary side of membrane (32)
NOVELTY - The flow path switching elements (5-8) circulate the low temperature coolant from sub coolant tank (3) to selection oxidation-reaction device (1) during shutdown. A controller (9) starts pumping of air from air supply source (4) to device (1), when temperature of the device (1) after shutdown is lower than selection oxidation-reaction temperature range.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of condensed water and deterioration of a catalyst are prevented effectively. Thus corrosion of the selection oxidation-reaction device by condensed water, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Selection oxidation-reaction device (1)    Main coolant tank (2)    Sub coolant tank (3)    Air supply source (4)    Flow path switching elements (5-8)    Controller (9)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion medium contains a carbon-containing material accommodated in a pressure-resistant container. The carbon-containing material is obtained by carbonizing a synthetic-resin vegetable and/or animal fiber.    USE - For fuel cells and in internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion medium is economical, and has excellent hydrogen occlusion capability. The hydrogen occlusion medium provides fuel cells in which conversion to clean energy is promoted. Economization of resources is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen occlusion medium, which involves carbonizing a synthetic-resin vegetable and/or animal fiber, to obtain a carbon-containing material, and packing the carbon-containing material in a pressure-resistant container.
NOVELTY - A biodegradable microbial support (1) has an extrusion molded cylinder having formed using a mixture containing biodegradable lactone-type resin and biodegradable resins other than lactone-type resin and/or talc.    USE - For sewage disposal, especially wastewater containing nitrate nitrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The biodegradable microbial support containing denitrifying bacteria has high efficiency in decomposing sewage. The support is manufactured easily and economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of biodegradable microbial support, which involves extrusion molding 0.4 g or more of the mixture containing biodegradable lactone-type resin and biodegradable resins other than lactone-type resin and/or talc through a cylindrical mold at 140-160degreesC; and    (2) sewage disposal method, which involves supplying the biodegradable microbial support to waste water and processing the waste water by the microbes adhered on the support.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of microbial support for sewage disposal.    biodegradable microbial support (1)
NOVELTY - Volatile organic halogen compound including fluorocarbons including hydrochlorofluoro carbon or hydrofluoro carbon and waste plastic containing polyvinyl chloride are reacted with mixed fused salt (6) having alkali metal hydroxide including sodium hydroxide, in a reactor (4) to produce the hydrogen along with carbon and cracked distillate.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used as fuel or raw material for chemical industries.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient manufacture of hydrogen along with useful byproducts using simple apparatus at improved yield rate and in a reduced time is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Volatile organic halogen compound including fluorocarbons including hydrochlorofluoro carbon or hydrofluoro carbon and waste plastic containing polyvinyl chloride are reacted with mixed fused salt (6) having alkali metal hydroxide including sodium hydroxide, in a reactor (4) to produce the hydrogen along with carbon and cracked distillate. The volatile organic halogen compound contains trichloroethylene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, trichlorobenzene and organic halogen compound having benzene ring such as chlorobiphenyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the decompose-treatment apparatus used for manufacturing hydrogen.    Solid substances (1)    Supply tank closure portion (3)    Reactor (4)    Raw material supply tank (5)    Mixed fused salt (6)
NOVELTY - The styrene resin foam is formed by carrying out extrusion foaming of a styrene resin. The foam has density below 50 kg/m3 and contains a non-halogen foaming agent and red phosphorus subjected to stabilization treatment.    USE - As heat insulating material for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The styrene resin foam is excellent in environmental stability, heat stability, thermal insulation and flame retardance. A styrene resin foam having excellent compressive strength and bending strength and low density is produced by setting the size of air bubbles in preset range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of styrene resin foam which involves melting styrene resin, adding foaming agent, stabilized red phosphorus, 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon, another foaming agent, and one or more compounds chosen from phosphorus containing compounds other than stabilized red phosphorus, nitrogen compound and boron containing compound, and carrying out extrusion foaming in low pressure region.
NOVELTY - Methane is manufactured from biomass by microbial fermentation and benzene is manufactured from methane by catalytic reaction. The benzene derivative is manufactured from benzene. The benzene derivative contains two or more isocyanate group, and functional groups of one or types selected from amino group, hydroxyl group and carboxyl group.    USE - For manufacture of benzene derivative for manufacture of aromatic polymer (claimed) used for motor vehicle interior material, material for circumference of engine.    ADVANTAGE - The benzene derivative is manufactured from biomass as raw material. The aromatic polymer is obtained from the benzene derivative without using petroleum raw material. The aromatic polymer has favorable heat resistance and is suitable for motor vehicle interior material, material of circumference of engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) aromatic polymer which is manufactured using the benzene derivative as one portion or all portion of raw material; and    (2) manufacture of aromatic polymer which contains benzene ring where one or more benzene derivative, polyhydroxy compound, hydroxy carboxylic acid and compound consisting of amino acid and/or compound obtained from plants and animals are reacted to obtain aromatic polymer.
NOVELTY - A method for processing used paper diapers containing high polymer absorbent (1) involves placing used paper diapers in a sealed pressurized container (3), supplying saturated steam at high temperature and pressure and steaming the paper diaper inside the container.    USE - The method is used for processing used paper diapers.    ADVANTAGE - The method is eco-friendly and enables effective usage of treated substance (8). The processed diaper is effectively utilized as fertilizer (9) or soil improvement material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of an installation for processing used paper diapers. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Used paper diaper containing high polymer absorbent (1)    Pressurized container (3)    Saw dust (4)    Treated substance (8)    Fertilizer (9)
NOVELTY - The biogas fermenter has an angled concrete base which is square, rectangular or round. The biomass is covered by an air cushion (5) for thermal insulation. An impermeable gas shell (11) is hermetically sealed with the fermenter to form a gas store (10), using a metal structure (8). Any percolation from the substrate (9) disperses down the angled base, to be collected and pumped off. The base has under floor heating (3), and a pipe (2) takes off the biogas.    USE - The system is for dry fermenting to generate a biogas.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly gives a trouble-free and simple generation of a high yield of biogas from the fermenting substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the fermenting assembly.    biogas take-off pipe (2)    heating system (3)    thermal insulation/air cushion (5)    metal structure (8)    substrate (9)    gas store (10)    impermeable shell (11)
NOVELTY - A process of producing charcoal, coke, coal gas and ceramic products from branches of hazelnut.    ADVANTAGE - The invention saves cost and protects resources, and prevent new environment pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - It comprises, screening and cracking disposed branches, barks of hazelnut, drying the mixed material of branches and barks of hazelnut in a dehydrator, and sending it into a coal-making machine to produce carbon pencils, sending carbon pencils into a charring oven to produce charcoal, the coal content is above 85%, the calorie value is above 8500 kcal, recycling combustible gases produced in making coal to be fuel for burning ceramic products.
NOVELTY - The Termo Norte, inexhaustible energy source of the century comprises Orbygnia palm biomass where rational cultivation and advanced industrial technology for integral extraction of the palm is applied with thermoelectric furnace technology.    USE - In fuel technology.
NOVELTY - Converting methane to produce hydrogen or hydrogen equivalents by anaerobically subjecting methane to the activity of methane-oxidizing bacteria of the order of the thermotogales, is new.    USE - The method is useful for converting methane to produce hydrogen or hydrogen equivalents used in reducing chemical compounds (claimed), e.g. sulfur compounds, such as sulfate, sulfite, or thiosulfate.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can be carried out at atmospheric pressure or if desired at elevated pressure, e.g. 10-100 bar, to increase the conversion rate of biological processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for reducing chemical compounds comprising biological reducing compounds using hydrogen equivalents.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a biological reduction using respiring organisms.
NOVELTY - The organic waste (2) supplied into a reactor (3), is made to react with subcritical or supercritical water, to produce slurry fuel. A dehydrator (5) dehydrates the slurry fuel, to maintain preset water content in the fuel which is then burned to obtain heat energy.    USE - Combustion system having internal combustion engine, external combustion engine or fuel cell, using organic waste like, saw dust, pulp, foodstuff waste material and carcass of livestock, for producing biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective usage of organic waste, for producing biogas, by this system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The dehydrated slurry is processed using microorganisms to produce biogas which is burned in a combustion apparatus (7) to obtain heat energy. The reactor is heated using the heat energy from the combustion apparatus.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) organic waste-fuel mixture supply method which involves adjusting supply ratio of fuel and biogas, to combustion apparatus, based on their production amount;    (2) organic waste-fuel mixture supply system; and    (3) slurry manufacturing and storing system which uses energy of heat carrier used for heat processing of solid waste in reactor. The carrier is heated by waste gas from the combustion apparatus like, internal combustion engine, external combustion engine and fuel cell, in a heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of combustion system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    factory (1)    heater (4)    dehydrator (5)    fuel tank (6)    combustion apparatus (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas generator comprises a planar substrate having an upper surface; a water and fuel storage cavity recessed into the upper surface of the substrate, capillary flow channel, cover lid sealingly attached to the upper surface, outlet means for removing hydrogen gas produced during operation; packed bed of micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride disposed within fuel storage cavity and water contained within the water storage cavity.    USE - As compact hydrogen gas generator for providing a compact solid source of hydrogen (claimed) as a fuel for fuel cell; as a purge gas in chromatographs and for combustor.    ADVANTAGE - The device comprises solid sodium borohydride in a highly efficient manner that prevents caking and scaling from reducing the hydrogen production yield without using a fuel pump. The device is directly integrated with micro fuel cell designs to create a very compact micro power system and also scalable to larger system needing larger amounts of hydrogen for higher power applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compact hydrogen gas generator comprises a substantially planar substrate having an upper surface; a water and fuel storage cavity recessed into the upper surface of the substrate; a capillary flow channel for transporting water from the water storage cavity to the fuel storage cavity by capillary action; a cover lid, sealingly attached to the upper surface of the substrate for sealing the two cavities and flow channel; outlet means for removing hydrogen gas produced during operation; a packed bed of micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride disposed within the fuel storage cavity; and water contained within the water storage cavity.
NOVELTY - Pressure container (70) has an outer wall system, an adapter (18) positioned in the wall system and a fill vessel (72) in the container chamber. The outer wall has an inner gas tight liner (14) and an outer structural wall (12). The adapter allows fill gas to fill the chamber under pressure. The fill vessel has a fill chamber and a gap (78) between the wall system and the fill vessel wall.    USE - For storing hydrogen gas on a vehicle for a fuel cell engine.    ADVANTAGE - The container includes an inner vessel, which prevents the heated gas from damaging the internal liner of the container while the container is being filled with compressed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fill vessel has an opening through its wall to allow the fill gas to flow through the adapter into the gap so that gas in the containers chamber is forced in the fill chamber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for filling the pressure container with compressed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of type-4 pressure container.    type-4 compressed gas container (70)    hydrogen gas (26)    outer structural wall (12)    liner (14)    adapter (18)    fill vessel (72)    gap (78)
NOVELTY - The organic material is dried to remove 80% of moisture and dried organic material is converted into energy storage form. The obtained material is subjected to preset heating to alter chemical composition into fuel. The resultant fuel is exposed to microwaves, and energy contained in fuel is converted to usable form of energy chosen from thermal, electrical, high pressure, plasma, ionized air or gas, and fusion energy.    USE - For converting organic material into usable form of energy used in internal combustion engines equipped with microwave igniters, heating system or cooling system, and for producing plasma or ionized air used in magneto hydro dynamic process (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The waste organic material is efficiently and economically converted into energy with minimum emission of polluting products. Hence the method is eco-friendly. The obtained fuel high safety, and high industrial utility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus used for converting organic material into usable form of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of pre-heating food item to carbonize and remove the moisture content.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for manufacturing fuel using combustible waste, by crushing various collected wastes to a certain size through crushing step, sorting and removing recyclable metal and nonmetal and non-combustible materials from the wastes crushed to the certain size through the sorting step and passing combustible materials only through a series of pulverizing, drying, chemical treating, pressing and firing processes, comprises a cylinder (12) at the front of which is a hopper (14) so that the combustible materials passing through the series of treating processes are flown in the hopper, and at the rear of which are molding dies (16) ; a hollow-type lead screw in the length direction of shaft of the cylinder inside the cylinder and rotated to a proper rotation speed by a separate driving source; an electric heating type heating part (20) overlapping on the overall outer wall of the cylinder; and a subsidiary heating part for supplying a heat medium heated by a separate heater (26) and coercively circulating the heat medium into the hollow lead screw through a recovery pipeline.    USE - For molding fuel using combustible waste.    ADVANTAGE - The novel apparatus is fabricated simply and easily and used stably by simply assembling an electric heating-type heating means on the outer circumferential wall of cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above apparatus.    cylinder (12)    hopper (14)    molding die (16)    lead screw (18)    heater (20,26)
NOVELTY - A method for preparing a fermented fishery product by culturing Enterococcus faecalis (KCCM-11549) in a medium and then mixing with conventional pickled seafood juice is provided. The fishery product is useful for prevention or treatment of gastritis, gastric ulcers and duodenal ulcers caused by infection of Helicobacter pylori.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - About 2 to 8% by weight of nonfat dry milk and about 3 to 7% by weight of high fructose are distilled in distilled water and sterilized for 15min at 110 degreesC in an autoclave to give a medium. Thereafter, 0.5 to 2% by weight of Enterococcus faecalis is inoculated into the medium and cultured for 3 to 6 hr at 38 to 40 degreesC. In the process for preparing pickled seafood juice, 1 to 10% by weight of the cultured liquid of Enterococcus faecalis is mixed with 70 to 90% by weight of fish meat or by-products thereof, 5 to 15% by weight of vegetables, 5 to 15% by weight of sugars and seasoning.
NOVELTY - Provided is a structure for preventing the loss of pressure in a fuel cell, which prevents the blocking of channels caused by the generation of hydrogen gas during a reaction, therefore can reduce the loss of pressure in the fuel cell and improve the performance of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The structure for preventing the loss of pressure in the fuel cell contains separators laminated on outer sides of an anode and a cathode, wherein a polymer electrolyte membrane as an ion exchange membrane is placed between the anode and the cathode; and a fuel channel(Cf) and an air channel formed face to face on the anode and the cathode, wherein the number of the fuel channel(Cf) is increased from an inlet(121) toward an outlet(122).
NOVELTY - A float equipped with a filter medium is connected to the air supply unit comprising air blower and air supply pipe. An air exhaust nozzle (51) is provided at the bottom side of the air pipe protruded at the lower side of the filter medium.    USE - For purification of water contaminated with organic substance in water tank and also for purification of water in various water areas such as river, lake, marshes, processing pond, fishery, artificial dam, bay entrance and bay region. The water purification is applied to purification of waste water such as activated sludge treatment tank, livestock human waste treatment tank.    ADVANTAGE - Promotes purification of water without increasing cost. The purifier is moved to any place easily, by providing simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for water purification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the purifier.    round table like board (31)    pipe shaped leg (32)    exhaust nozzle (51)    branch pipe (52)    fermentation product of aerobe (6)
NOVELTY - A processing material (2) containing microorganism, is mixed with an organic refuse within a treatment tank (1). A ventilating fan (41), a deodorizing device (42), flocculator (5) and a reheating portion (43) are arranged sequentially in a sealing circulation route (4) connected to the ends of the treatment tank. The dew condensed water attracted by the flocculator is drained to a drain portion (44).    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Since the dew condensed water attracted by the flocculator is drained, the raise in temperature of the treatment tank is prevented and moisture content of the processing material is maintained in a preset range. Prevents generation of causative agent producing putrefactive agent, by using homofermentation type lactobacillus. Prevents raise in temperature of the gas cooled by the flocculator, by the arrangement of the reheating portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reheating portion is arranged downstream to the flocculator. A cooling unit consists of a Peltier element to cool air ventilated with a cooling fan (53) and gas flowing inside the sealing circulation route. A heating unit heats gas flowing inside the sealing circulation route. The dew condensed water is collected by a trap structure arranged in the waste drain. The organic refuse is processed by homofermentation type lactobacillus such as Pediococcus genus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the organic-refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    treatment tank (1)    processing material (2)    sealing circulation route (4)    flocculator (5)    ventilating fan (41)    deodorizing device (42)    reheating portion (43)    drain portion (44)    cooling fan (53)
NOVELTY - The organic-waste processing agent contains Tetraploa aristata, Acrophialophora nainiana and Arthrobacter ilicis, as main ingredients.    USE - For processing organic-waste such as excrements of animals, organic refuse, used paper diaper, litter, lawn, carcass of animal (claimed), waste material of foodstuffs industries, waste material of wood, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic-waste processing agent efficiently decomposes the organic-waste without reducing environmental problems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for processing of the organic-waste.
NOVELTY - Several stays (36) are radially extended from the outer surface of a rotary shaft (18) arranged within a treatment tank. The rotary blade (36A-36C) molded using the flat plate, is fixed to the outer ends of the stays, such that its flat surface is set parallel to the axis of the stay.    USE - For decomposing organic refuse into carbon dioxide and water vapor.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of the rotary blade is simplified. The organic refuse is efficiently stirred using rotary blade having improved mechanical strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stays are set at different angles along the shaft surface, at preset gap between them. The blade and the stay are fixed using the fastener. The blade contact surface of the stay is set flat. The stay is polygonal shaped.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the organic refuse disposer.    rotary shaft (18)    stays (36)    rotary blades (36A-36C)
NOVELTY - A deodorant comprising microorganisms contained in livestock-feed additive, which are cultured in culture solution and which masks unpleasant odor of excrements of livestock, is new.    USE - The deodorant is used for masking unpleasant odor of excrements of livestock, toilet and livestock dung.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorant effectively masks unpleasant odor of excrements of livestock, toilets and livestock dung.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for odor treatment, which involves spraying the deodorant to livestock barn-compost depot.
NOVELTY - Plant waste material decomposing microbes comprises Microbispora (FERM P-19097), Microbispora (FERM P-19098), Microbispora (FERM P-19099), Microtetraspora (FEPM P-19100), Microtetraspora (FEPM P-19101) or Streptomyces (FEPM P-19102) having cellulose decomposability and lignin degrading activity.    USE - For biological processing of plant waste materials such as pruned branches, deforested trees, planted trees, fallen leaves and harvested agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The microbes having excellent cellulose decomposability and lignin degrading property effectively processes plant waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) plant waste material processing agent, which comprises the above-mentioned microbes; and    (2) plant waste material processing method, which involves mixing plant waste material with above-mentioned microbes, breading the microbes in the waste material and decomposing the waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graph depicting cellulose-decomposing property of microbes. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Obtaining a molded product, comprising fermenting decompose-treated organic waste containing at least wood small-pieces by microorganisms, fragmenting the obtained decomposed product and compression-molding the fragments, is new.    USE - For use in growth seedling pots (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The molded product is highly inexpensive and does not require high capacity electric power supply. The organic wastes such as urine storage excrements and organic refuses are effectively used. The molded product prevents environmental pollution and effectively promotes growth of seedlings by microorganisms. The waste resources are effectively used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) growth seedling pot, which comprises the molded product; and    (2) manufacture of molded product, which involves fermenting decompose-treated organic waste containing at least wood small-pieces by microorganisms, fragmenting the obtained decomposed product and then compression-molding the obtained fragments into a compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic flowchart of manufacture of growth seedling pot. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenting (1)    Fragmenting (2)    Formation process (3)    Drying process (4)    Fermenter (5)
NOVELTY - An alcohol is added to zinc soluble salt or zinc alkoxide, and a precursor solution is formed. The precursor solution is hydrolyzed with distilled water by a sol gel process, to obtain a zinc-oxide gas detection film (3).    USE - For manufacturing zinc-oxide gas detection film for gas sensor used in gas-leakage alarm unit (both claimed) used for detection and assaying of various gases.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method efficiently provides zinc-oxide gas detection films having improved gas sensitivity and high surface area with desired thickness. The precursor material produced from the precursor solution has a three-dimensional structure. The added metals promote adsorption of gas. The gas sensor using the obtained zinc-oxide gas detection film, consumes less power and provides economical gas-leakage alarm units.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) gas sensor (1); and    (2) gas-leakage alarm unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the gas sensor.    Gas sensor (1)    Insulating film (2a)    Zinc-oxide gas detection film (3)    Electrode (4)    Heater (5)
NOVELTY - An air ejector (9) ejects air from circumference of distributor (8) which ejects a fuel. Cool air (25) is made to flow into a firing electrode insertion route (23) which is provided in the center of the distributor.    USE - Combustion apparatus mounted on hydrogen generator such as modifier of fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - By accommodating electrode in the distributor, a compact combustion apparatus is realized. Since there is no need for providing an opening for electrode attachment in the hydrogen generator, heat loss is prevented. By flowing cool air into the electrode insertion route, temperature rise of electrode is prevented and hence durability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion apparatus (5)    distributor (8)    air ejector (9)    combustion room (20)    electrode insertion route (23)    cool air (25)    electrode (26)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell output detector (25) detects the electric power generation amount of a fuel cell (1). The fluctuation of the pressure at the inlet (9a) of an ejector (9) which introduces gas into the fuel cell, is increased along direction where gas circulation is maximum, during the reduction of electric power generation amount.    USE - Fuel circulation control apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The electric power generation amount is maintained stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of fuel circulation control apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    ejector (9)    inlet (9a)    controller (23)    fuel cell output detector (25)
NOVELTY - A solid fuel is obtained by pulverize-mixing discarded polyethylene terephthalate resin with another thermoplastic resin, melt-extruding obtained mixture to form molded product (5) and rapidly cooling obtained molded product. The solid fuel comprises plate, block, candle or cylindrical shaped molded product having heat of combustion of 5500-9000 Kcal/kg.    USE - Useful as heat source for hotels, restaurants, and for indoors and outdoors of residences (claimed), and as alternate fuel for charcoal, firewood, alcohol solid fuel and gas cylinder.    ADVANTAGE - The plastic waste solid fuel has high heat of combustion and regulated burning time. The effective usage of plastic waste is enabled. The environment pollution during incineration of the plastic waste is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacturing apparatus of the plastic waste.    extrusion machine (1)    cylinder (2)    nozzle (3)    metallic mold (4)    molded product (5)
NOVELTY - A sewage is disposed by blending aqueous sewage liquor (1) separated from raw sewage with non-aqueous liquid carrier fuel (2), and supplying blended fluid to combustion chamber(s) of compression ignition engine (7). Air that can also be enriched with oxygen, is supplied to the combustion chamber(s) so that the blended fuel containing sewage may be disposed of by combustion.    USE - The method is used for disposing sewage from human or animal sources.    ADVANTAGE - The method can safely dispose sewage by combustion in compression ignition engine. It is effective and energy efficient where sewage is combusted in wet state instead of dry state.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a disposal system for sewage comprising a compression ignition engine, device for separating an aqueous sewage liquor from raw sewage, device for blending the aqueous sewage liquor with a non-aqueous carrier fuel, device to supply the blended fuel to the combustion chamber(s) of the engine, device to supply either normal air or enriched oxygen air to the combustion chamber(s), and, preferably, device (10, 11) to control and abate prescribed substances in the exhaust gas coming from the engine;    (b) a combustion system comprising a compression ignition engine, oxygen enrichment apparatus , and supply of processed blend of aqueous sewage liquor and non-aqueous liquid carrier fuel for use as the fuel for the engine; and    (c) an electrical power generating system comprising a generator coupled to compression ignition engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a sewage disposal system.    Aqueous sewage liquor (1)    Carrier fuel (2)    Mixing tank (3)    Compression ignition engine (7)    Generator (8)    Control devices (10, 11)
NOVELTY - The system (1) to give a controlled ventilation to compost, while rotting, has at least one ventilation channel (3) with a perforated cover (5), where the perforation pattern can be varied by stoppers inserted into the holes. The channel cover is structured to shroud the gutter shape of the channel, and is stiffened to carry weight where the compost lies on and/or around the channel(s) at the compost laying surface (2). The channels are connected to a blower or a vacuum pump (4).    USE - The ventilation system is for rotting compost, to dry it and remove moisture.    ADVANTAGE - The ventilation channels are robust, and can support the weight of the compost material over it and the weight of compost-moving machinery. The ventilation action is easily modified by the stoppers in the cover perforations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view of the compost ventilation system.    ventilation system (1)    compost laying surface (2)    ventilation channels (3)    blower (4)    channel covers (5)
NOVELTY - The composting unit, to compost garden waste, has a structure of steps (2) at the front side in a structure with the shape of a cube, truncated pyramid or a pedestal. The sides (6) support the carrier boards for the steps and a sliding upper step (1), and also the retaining boards (3) between the steps. Additional side shelves (4) extend from the sides at the top.    USE - The structure is for composting garden waste.    ADVANTAGE - The steps can be used to carry flower pots and the like, to conceal the purpose of the composting structure and give a pleasing visual appearance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the garden composting structure.    top sliding step (1)    steps (2)    retaining boards (3)    side shelves (4)    side sections (6)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell receives hydrogen gas from a supply delivered via a chemical reforming unit (3). The chemical reforming unit (3) especially has a control system that regulates and varies the reactor volume (4) in response to the demand for power.    USE - Reforming reactor for supply of hydrogen gas to automotive fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell operates at higher efficiency than prior art when delivering a smaller fraction than full power, while maintaining good dynamic operating characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalytic reforming unit (3) receives a fuel (1) in the form of benzene, diesel fuel, natural gas, methane, methanol, liquid petroleum gas or a synthetic fuel containing hydrogen. Te control unit is a variable-size screen that alters the cross-sectional flow area within the reactor. In an alternative embodiment the screen (8) is tube, jet or injector which varies the reactor's effective length.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a suitable catalytic reforming reactor with screens in three sizes.    Fuel flow (1)    Cross-sectional area (2)    Reforming unit (3)    Fixed bed reactor (4)    Screen closed (5a)    Pre-mix chamber (6)    Screen open (5b)    Screen half open (5c)    Small cross-section (7a)    Medium cross section (7b)    Maximum cross section (7c)
NOVELTY - The catalyst for oxygen-free aromatization of methane consists of active component and carrier. The active component is the oxide of Mo, W or Re and has carried amount of 1-15 atom%; and the carrier is SiO2/Al2O3 molecular sieve. The preparation process of the catalyst includes processing the molecular sieve with alkali solution, carrying active component, drying and roasting at 350-800 degrees C.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst thus prepared can inhibit carbon deposit in oxygen-free aromatization of methane so as to make the reaction capable of being carried out stably for long period at certain temperature and space velocity.
NOVELTY - A biochemical xanthonic acid compounded bacterial fertilizer is prepared from Aspergillus niger, active yeast, pseudomonas, clostridium, azotobacterium, phosphorus bacterium and potassium bacterium through tube culture, shaking flask culture, seeding tank culture, fermenting tank culture to obtain composite bacterial liquid, mixing the pulverized straw and stalk with potassium dihydrogen phosphate, calcium carbonate, urea, aspergillus niger and Yeast liquid, fermenting for 3 days, mixing with bacterial liquid, fermenting for 15 days, mixing with N, P, K and trace elements, drying and granulating.
NOVELTY - Producing (P1) a fertilizer containing organics involving: (a) industrially processing organic material to form an activated sludge or a humus like material; (b) removing water from the humus like material to form a synthetic humus and a first intermediate water stream; and (c) forming the synthetic humus into agglomerates. The agglomerates are suitable for transportation and large scale application as a fertilizer.    USE - For producing fertilizer for improving crop growth, for composing vegetative material (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the production of organic fertilizer on an industrial scale and allows the products produced by the method to be utilized in composing green waste; permits enhancement of the fuel and fertilizer potential of the feed to the process; provides improved method of composing vegetative material such as green waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) method (m1) of improving crop growth involving:    (a) establishing the soil and climatic conditions where the crop is to be grown;    (b) producing the fertilizer into agglomerates; and    (c) applying the agglomerates to the soil; and    (2) method (m2) of composing vegetative material such as green waste involving adding at least one product (preferably humus, micro-organisms, water, nitrogenous nutrient or hot gas) derived from the anaerobic digestion of organic material.
NOVELTY - An aviation gasoline composition comprises trimethyl pentane hydrocarbon (10-90 vol.%) and alkane having 4-5 carbon atoms. It has a motor octane number (MON) of 92-98.    USE - Gasoline for use in spark ignition aviation engines for light aircraft and airships.    ADVANTAGE - The composition is lead-free and provides the same performance in full size spark ignition aviation engines.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of operating a spark ignition aviation engine comprising providing the engine with the aviation gasoline composition; and    (2) a method of making an aviation gasoline composition comprising blending iso-octane, alkylate, isopentane, isomerate, hydrocrackate, aromatics and naphtha streams.
NOVELTY - A slurry production and storage system, which comprises a reaction means for producing a slurry fuel from solid waste, a burning means for discharging an exhaust gas having thermal energy, and a heat-exchange means for heating a thermal medium by the exhaust gas, in which the solid waste is heated by the thermal energy of the thermal medium, is new.    USE - The slurry production and storage system is for use for producing slurry fuel from solid waste such as wood, agricultural waste and sewerage soil. The slurry fuel is for use for heating houses, offices and factories, and for regional heating.    ADVANTAGE - The slurry production and storage system increases the efficiency for producing slurry fuel from solid waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a slurry production and storage system utilizing waste heat.    Factory (101)    Reactor containing subcritical water (102)    Dewatering device (103)    Slurry fuel tank (104)    Internal combustion engine (105)    Heat exchange (106,107,108)    Solid waste (109)    Exhaust gas (112)    Burning (A)    Heating (B)    Circulation (C)
NOVELTY - A mixed animal feed comprises a conventional grass based feed mixed with animosity constituent(s). The animal feed comprises up to 60 wt.% by-product grape seed optionally mixed with grape husks.    USE - For use in feeding sheep.    ADVANTAGE - The feed includes a proportion of agricultural by-product material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an animal feed constituent comprising by-product grape seed optionally mixed with grape husks where the grape seeds and the husks have been treated with a tannin degrading bacteria.
NOVELTY - The body of the nozzle (7) has a spherical section (13) in the dispensing chamber (10). Spraying openings (6) are distributed over the spherical section.    USE - Fuel metering injector for a vehicle hydrogen reformer. The hydrogen is produced e.g. to supply fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Spherical distribution of the fuel into the chamber produces a uniform cloud with a geometry matched for the conditions there. Hollow cylindrical inner surfaces and spherical recesses can be uniformly wetted with fuel. Uneven distribution, depositing local excess which can hinder catalyst action, is avoided. By forming gaps in the sprayed distribution, specific surfaces can be wetted selectively. Direct spray impact on sensors may be avoided, increasing their measurement accuracy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A schematic side view of an implementation is shown.    Spraying openings (6)    Body of the nozzle (7)    Dispensing chamber (10)    Supply section (12)    Spherical section (13)
NOVELTY - The body of the nozzle (7) includes an insert (11) with spraying opening (14).    USE - A dosing injector supplying fuel into a vehicle hydrogen reformer or after-burner for heat recovery.    ADVANTAGE - Atomization and distribution of the fuel or fuel/gas mixture is improved. The cold starting phase is shortened. During this phase, efficiency of the after-burner and reformer are improved. Emissions are reduced. Manufacture is particularly simple, economical and reliable. Standardized mass produced components can be employed, e.g. known, mass-produced fuel injection valves.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A longitudinal cross-section of the injection nozzle is presented.    Dosing injector unit (1)    Adapter (6)    Body of nozzle (7)    Insert (11)    Spraying opening (14)
NOVELTY - Distributing air in a carbon monoxide cleanup system in a fuel reformer comprises supplying air to a manifold; supplying air from the manifold to each air inlet point in a carbon monoxide cleanup system; proportioning the air supplied among the air inlet points by providing a fixed dimension flow path from the manifold to each point; and varying the air supply to the manifold to correspond to a calculated level of carbon monoxide.    USE - Distributing air in a carbon monoxide cleanup system in a fuel reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The system greatly simplifies control by distributing the air or oxygen among the inlets in a fixed ratio using a fixed dimension flow path, and selecting the total oxygen input to the system based on the operating state of the system and its operating map.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for distributing air for carbon monoxide clean-up comprising:    (a) a manifold;    (b) a fixed dimension flow path that connects the manifold to at least two air inlet points in a two-stage preferential oxidation reactor (PrOx);    (c) a pump which provides air to the manifold;    (d) a pump map that determines an amount of air required for carbon monoxide cleanup for a given flow of fuel into the reformer, where the pump map takes into account the increase in reformate flow and the increase of carbon monoxide concentration, and where the pump map is determined empirically; and    (e) a reformer reactor connected to the PrOx for making a reformate comprising carbon monoxide.
NOVELTY - Separation of methane from crude gas mixture of methane, carbon dioxide and heavy hydrocarbons involves removing moisture, feeding the mixture to gas-liquid contact absorber to strip heavy hydrocarbons in primarily carbon dioxide by product stream; and separating methane enriched gas from the absorber with a selective membrane separation unit that recycles permeate enriched in carbon dioxide to the absorber and purifies product stream of methane.    USE - For separation of methane from crude natural gas, especially exhaust gas from waste landfills.    ADVANTAGE - The process is cost and energy efficient and yields high purity stream of methane from a crude natural gas with a reduced loss of methane in the waste. The process is capable of refining crude gas at lower pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system for producing refined methane from a crude mixture comprising a dryer, a counter-flow gas liquid direct contact absorber, first and second stage membrane separation unit, a condenser and a recycle transfer line.
NOVELTY - A membrane electrode assembly (MEA) (110) on which a porous gas diffusion layer (150) is formed, has an electrolyte layer (120) arranged between an anode layer (130) and cathode layer (140). The porosity of the diffusion material at localized areas on the diffusion layer, decreases in response to a decrease in temperature at corresponding areas on the assembly.    USE - For powering portable electronic and communication devices.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling hot spots that occur on the fuel cell membrane electrode assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell operation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (100)    membrane electrode assembly (110)    electrolyte layer (120)    anode layer (130)    cathode layer (140)    porous gas diffusion layer (150)
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion layer (100) is arranged adjacent to the electrodes provided at opposing anode and cathode sides (81,82) of an ion exchange membrane (80). The gas diffusion layer has varying hydrophobicity, and provides optimal hydration at fuel cell operational temperature. The air supplied to the cathode regulates the operational temperature of the fuel cell.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The overall electrical output of the fuel cell is increased. The porosity and hydrophobicity at predetermined location of the membrane are improved. The performance of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of optimizing operation of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the ion exchange membrane of fuel cell.    ion exchange membrane (80)    anode and cathode sides (81,82)    gas diffusion layer (100)    porous metal coating layer (110)
NOVELTY - A product-sweetening device comprises a sweetening solution consisting of a high intensity sweetener and a solvent; and a spraying apparatus.    USE - The device containing the sweetening composition is useful for sweetening food products (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The sprayable sweetening composition does not introduce a caloric burden, is non-foaming and does not use supercritical fluid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sweetening composition consisting of a high intensity sweetener and a solvent.
NOVELTY - The system has an inner pipe (104) containing hydrogen gas at specific pressure. An outer pipe (102) contains an odorized fluid selected form group consisting of natural gas, propane and liquefied petroleum gas at another pressure which is less than specific pressure. The inner pipe is routed through the outer pipe.    USE - Hydrogen gas distribution system for generating electricity, electrochemical fuel cells .    ADVANTAGE - Due to pressure differential, leak in the inner pipe will not permit the odorized fluid in outer pipe to flow into the inner pipe. The leak in inner and outer pipe results in release of both hydrogen gas and non-odorized liquid to flow in the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for non-odorized gas distribution method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas distribution system.    outer pipe (102)    inner pipe (104)    inlet pipe (106)    containment unit (108)    sensor (110)    source (112)
NOVELTY - The dual purpose compartment (100) accommodates interchangeable battery (102) or fuel cartridge (104) for the operation of the digital camera (19). The electrical contacts (110) electrically connects to the terminals of the battery, when battery is accommodated in the compartment and the fuel port is used for extracting fuel from fuel cartridge when the fuel cartridge is installed in the compartment.    USE - Dual purpose compartment for accommodating battery or fuel cartridge used with portable electronic device (claimed) such as digital camera, video camera, laptop computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), pocket computer, compact disk (CD) player, MP3 player, portable radio, portable electronic toys etc.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to flexibly determine whether to use battery or fuel cell as power source, reliably, when the currently installed battery or fuel cartridge becomes depleted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) portable electronic device; and    (2) method of powering the portable electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the digital camera.    dual purpose compartment (100)    digital camera (101)    battery (102)    fuel cartridge (104)    electrical contacts (110)
NOVELTY - Production of fermented fodder comprises cultivation of stalks of Lactobacillus plantarum in a whey medium incorporating 1 per cent of calcium carbonate to produce inoculant. Crops difficult to silo are then seeded with 105 bacterial cells per kg. The product is effective against e.g. Propionibacterium sp. LMG 13573.    USE - In food manufacture.
NOVELTY - Provided is a device for monitoring a fuel cell stack, which monitors the voltage of each cell stack in the unit of a block and controls the air and oxygen supply to maintain the optimum activated state of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device for monitoring the fuel cell stack of a fuel cell hybrid electric car comprises: a fuel cell stack (20) generating electric power; a monitoring part (60) for monitoring the voltage of the fuel cell stack in the unit of a block and outputting the information; a fuel cell controller (40) for controlling the amounts of air, hydrogen and cooling water provided to the fuel cell stack and the electric energy outputted in each block according to the information received from the monitoring part; and a display part (80) for displaying the information of each blocks of the fuel cell stack.
NOVELTY - The recycling system reacts the potassium methoxide or sodium methoxide obtained by mixing potassium or sodium with methanol, with waste vegetable oil, and generates methyl ester. The byproduct such as glycerol from the modifier (1), is used as fuel for burner (8) of deodorizing apparatus that deodorizes the gas ejected from gas turbine installation (5).    USE - For recycling waste vegetable oil ejected from home and food processing industry, for generating fuel for micro gas turbine, and diesel engine.    ADVANTAGE - Since the glycerol ejected from the modifier is utilized as fuel for burner of deodorizer, while deodorizing the waste gas ejected from the heat engine. Thereby avoids need for processing glycerol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the waste vegetable oil recycling system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (1)    Fuel tank (2)    Gas turbine installation (5)    Deodorizing furnace (7)    Burner (8)
NOVELTY - A carbon-containing material, a carbon-dioxide immobilized material, a metal-type catalyst, an alkali metal salt, and water are processed at 400degreesC or more and 150 or more atmospheric pressure, to obtain hydrogen-methane group gas.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen-methane group gas from carbon-containing waste materials ejected from foodstuff industries, agricultural-and-forestry fisheries, sewage sludge, waste plastics, and waste-rubber polymeric materials, and natural materials, such as coal and charcoal.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen-methane group gas is manufactured efficiently and economically with improved reaction efficiency, using water at subcritical conditions. The raw materials are processed at favorable conditions, and hence mixing of carbon dioxide in generated gas is prevented. The production of dioxin and deterioration of reactor are suppressed. The generated gas does not contain sulfur and nitrogen oxide, and hence cleaning of gas is eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal-type catalyst is iron, nickel, cobalt, molybdenum, copper, tungsten and/or platinum. The alkali metal salt is sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, potassium hydroxide, and/or potassium carbonate. The carbon-dioxide immobilized material is calcium, magnesium and/or iron oxide or hydroxide.
NOVELTY - Digestive sludge-disposal method of methane-fermentation tank (4), involves treating sludge by anaerobic treatment, irradiating methane fermentation tank with ultraviolet radiation and performing volume reduction of solid content in the digested sludge (104).    USE - For processing digested sludge from the methane fermentation tank.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables processing of digested sludge economically at low cost. The energy of ultraviolet radiation is effectively utilized by equipping reflecting plates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for digestive ooze processing equipment of methane fermentation tank, which comprises organic waste tank, methane fermentation tank and ultraviolet irradiation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model structure of methane-fermentation processing apparatus, equipped with ultraviolet irradiation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    organic waste storage tank (1)    grinding classification machine (2)    slurry adjustment tank (3)    methane fermentation tank (4)    ultraviolet irradiation device (8)    metal reflecting plate (11)    organic waste (101)    slurry (102)    biogas (103)    digested sludge (104)    sludge water for return (105)
NOVELTY - The honey-comb structure has complex oxide electrolyte (1) of specific formula as substrate in which channels (2,3) are arranged in order.    USE - For solid oxide fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The honey-comb structure has excellent mechanical strength. The honey-comb structure is light weight, and is manufactured inexpensively. The fuel cell having the honey-comb structure enables efficient electric power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The honey-comb structure has complex oxide electrolyte as substrate in which channels are arranged in order. The complex oxide has formula, Ln1-xAxGa1-y-zByCzO3, where Ln is element(s) chosen from lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium and dysprosium, A is element(s) chosen from strontium, calcium and barium, B is element(s) chosen from indium, magnesium and aluminum, C is element(s) chosen from iron, cobalt, nickel and manganese, x is 0.05-0.4, y is 0.02-0.4, and y+z is 0.1-0.45.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solid oxide fuel cell;    (2) fuel supply method in the fuel cell; and    (3) manufacture of honey-comb structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front sectional view of honey-comb structure fuel cell.    electrolyte (1)    channels (2,3)    fuel electrode (4)    air electrode (5)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying waste material having minimum calorific value of 2000-8000 kcal/kg to fluid bed filled with fluidization gas containing oxygen and inert gas. The amount of oxygen and inert gas, are 450-3300 Nm3 and 40-220 Nm3, respectively. The waste material is gasified by controlling the temperature of the fluid bed to 450-600degreesC.    USE - For gasification of waste material such as garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal decomposition of the waste material is efficiently performed, by maintaining the temperature of the fluid bed at suitable temperature. Prevents deterioration of fluid bed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inert gas is water vapor, nitrogen, argon, helium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph showing measurement result of the variation in time course of temperature of the fluid bed. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Gasifying biomass comprising fluidizing biomass grains, such as wood piece and wood powder, and bed material, which holds the organic-component gasification catalyst by an oxidizing gas to form a fluid bed (11a), is new. The fluid bed is maintained at 400-600 degrees Centigrade, and the biomass grain is gasified.    USE - The method is useful for gasifying biomass for use as energy source to cogeneration system for electric power generation and as source gas of organic synthetic products for fertilizers.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively gasifies biomass for use as energy source to cogeneration system for electric power generation and as source gas of organic synthetic products for fertilizers. The gasification method of biomass has excellent environmental-conservation property and highly inexpensive. The gasification method of biomass effectively improves production of gas heat energy and decreases heat loss. The effective use of energy and resources are achieved. The harmful gases, dioxin and environmental hormones (endocrine disrupter) produced during processing, are trapped in bed material, and are effectively removed by the gasification method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gasifier (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model block diagram of gasifier of the biomass. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gasifier (10)    Flow reaction tank (11)    Fluid bed (11a)    Biomass feed pipe (12)    Fluid bed heating part (13)
NOVELTY - Inner housing (5) has gas detector (1) which is sensitive to target gas to be detected and test gas used for checking operation of detector. Adsorption layer (3) provided at ventilation hole (9) in outer housing (6), adsorbs gas other than target gas. Inlet (4) of outer housing, is inclined so that test gas supplied into intermediate chamber is guided to a lower ventilation hole (8) of the inner housing.    USE - For mounting in gas alarm (claimed), for detecting combustible gases such as methane.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliably guiding the test gas to the lower ventilation hole, and making it contact with the detector, even if the outer housing is not completely filled with the test gas. Reduces the time taken for the detector to achieve specific gas sensitivity. Reduces time taken for performing checking operation and improves efficiency of checking operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Inner housing (5) has gas detector (1) which is sensitive to target gas to be detected and test gas used for checking operation of detector. Adsorption layer (3) provided at ventilation hole (9) in outer housing (6), adsorbs gas other than target gas. Inlet (4) of outer housing, is inclined so that test gas supplied into intermediate chamber is guided to a lower ventilation hole (8) of the inner housing. The lower ventilation hole is provided in inner housing, for enabling circulation of gas between intermediate chamber (7) and the inner housing. The sensor is mounted in a gas alarm.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas alarm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the sensor, perspective view and top view of outer housing, respectively. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    detector (1)    adsorption layer (3)    inlet (4)    inner housing (5)    outer housing (6)    ventilation holes (8,9)
NOVELTY - A 2-10 mm gap (L) is provided between the oxygen ion electroconductive solid electrolyte (11) and inner cover (4) of gas concentration sensor (1), so that the amplitude of output fluctuation of the sensor is maintained at a tolerance level. The upper limit of the tolerance level corresponds to the response time of the sensor.    USE - Used for detecting combustible gas concentration in air taken in by internal combustion (IC) engine, for use in controlling air fuel ratio of IC engine.    ADVANTAGE - Responsiveness of sensor is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the combustible-gas concentration sensor.    Sensor (1)    Housing (2)    External cover (3)    Inside cover (4)    Oxygen ion electroconductive solid electrolyte (11)    Gap (L)
NOVELTY - High temperature combustion of gas obtained from a furnace (6) which thermally decomposes garbage (10), and combustion exhaust gas obtained from primary zone (56) of an ash melting furnace (8), is performed in a secondary combustion zone (45) of the ash melting furnace. A dryer (4) is used for heating and drying the garbage, indirectly, before thermal decomposition.    USE - For disposing refuse by performing gasification and melting, and for producing electricity by recovering waste heat of exhaust gas obtained from ash melting furnace.    ADVANTAGE - Maintenance of the dryer is made easy since the dryer does not produce smoke or dust, and hence, equipment such as a cyclone separators for removing the smoke or dust are made unnecessary. The damage to ancillary equipment such as duct and fan, is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The secondary combustion zone promotes the perfect combustion of exhaust gas got from the primary zone, for melting ash in the ash melting furnace. The dryer is of an indirect heating type. An electric heater (16) wound around the kiln portion of the dryer is used as the drying medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram explaining the structure of the gasification and melting type garbage dispersal equipment.    dryer (4)    thermal decomposition furnace (6)    ash melting furnace (8)    garbage (10)    secondary combustion zone (45)    primary zone (56)
NOVELTY - The gasifier (5) is supplied with mixture of biomass and gasification catalyst (6) above a grattice (8). The partial combustion of the biomass is carried out by supply of preheated combustion air, before gasification of the mixture. The grattice is swiveled for droppage of the catalyst.    USE - For gasifying unused resources such as wood type and vegetable fiber for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst prevents generation of tar and char and promotes gasification of the biomass raw material. The high oxygen concentration air supply, enlarges the heat amount of the generation gas and removes nitrogen from the supplied gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gasification catalyst is a granulated mixture of natural zeolite which supplies aluminum oxide, silicon oxide along with clay, Kaolin, bentonite, bauxite. A oxygen manufacturing unit (20) is connected to the gasifier, to increase oxygen concentration of supplied air, so as to enhance the heat generation amount of the generated gas and to remove nitrogen from supplied air. The cross section of the lattice has several triangular sections. The triangular sections are swiveled to a base rod (8a). The oblique side portions of the lattice has air circulation hole. The inclination angle of the oblique side portion is set so that unburned ash content and catalyst is made to fall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of the biomass gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    biomass supply hopper (1)    mixer (3)    gasifier (5)    catalyst (6b)    lattice (8)    swiveling rod (8a)    high concentration oxygen manufacturing unit (20)    catalyst ejection hopper (9)
NOVELTY - The plant organic waste carbonization system contains carbonization furnace (1) for dry-distilling plant organic waste and obtaining carbonized material (9A) and vinegar (9B), and converter. The converter converts the combustible gas generated as main fuel during dry distillation in carbonization furnace to another energy.    USE - For carbonization of plant organic waste e.g. wood-type organic waste, granular organic waste, chaff, wheat chaff, buckwheat husk, sawdust, timber bark and wood chips.    ADVANTAGE - The combustible gas generated during dry distillation of plant organic waste, after obtaining carbonized material and vinegar of plant organic waste, is efficiently recycled and converted into another energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of plant organic waste carbonization system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbonization furnace (1)    electric power generation system (2)    boiler system (3)    carbonized material (9A)    vinegar (9B)
NOVELTY - A fuel introduction control apparatus (115) closes an upper shutter (103) and opens a lower shutter (104), such that the upper space of the lower shutter is loaded with fuel. Loading of fuel is stopped, based on the detection value of a fuel level indicator (113), after which the lower shutter is closed and the upper shutter is opened.    USE - Gasifier of solid biomass fuel used in electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling ejection of ash automatically, and facilitates maintenance of stable electric power generation output.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas producer (1)    dispensing apparatus (102)    upper shutter (103)    lower shutter (104)    fuel level indicator (113)    fuel introduction control apparatus (115)
NOVELTY - A method for processing organic refuse using earthworm involves supplying organic refuse to culture person who cultivates earthworm as feed, recycling the excrement of earthworm decomposed by the organic refuse as manure and enlarging organic refuse path by selling the earthworm which propagates the organic refuse as feed to new culture person.    USE - For processing organic refuse emitted from food factory, supermarket, hotel, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse processing method is safe, eco-friendly and cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing system, which contains organic refuse ejection person terminal (2), culture person terminal (3) for receiving feed of earthworm, conveyance person terminal (4) for collecting emitted organic refuse and conveying to arbitrary culture person, management center apparatus (2) for managing all the terminals, unit for providing the information of organic refuse conveyed by culture person terminal, management unit for managing propagated quantity of earthworm which propagates the organic refuse as feed, unit for providing transport instruction of manure to the culture person terminal and unit for providing transport instruction of earthworm to the culture person terminal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory view of the organic refuse processing system for building computer network and achieving the organic refuse processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    management center apparatus (1)    organic refuse ejection person terminal (2)    culture person terminal (3)    conveyance person terminal (4)    manure user terminal (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (20) has a transparent fuel chamber (24) filled with fuel (40) and coloring agent such as bromothymol blue (BTB) solution or litmus solution. The color of the fuel is changed according to the quantity of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by the catalytic reaction of fuel. The color of absorption element in a recovery unit, is changed according to the recovered quantity of fuel by-products.    USE - Fuel cell e.g. methanol direct type fuel cell (DMFC), used in electronic device (claimed) such as portable terminal (claimed), camera (claimed) and mobile telephone with camera.    ADVANTAGE - The usage amount of fuel in fuel cell is determined easily from the color change in the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electronic device;    (2) portable terminal; and    (3) camera.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (20)    cathode (21)    anode (22)    fuel chamber (24)    fuel (40)
NOVELTY - Chemical reactivity of an atom in surface vicinity of a metal material is increased by producing dynamic destruction which accompanies friction at metal material and friction in under water. Corrosion of the metal material with water is then accelerated, water molecule is decomposed, and hydrogen gas is obtained.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogen gas used as fuel of portable fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method is simple, safe and economical. The method produces hydrogen gas without generation of by-products, and is useful for large-scale production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual diagram of hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus (10)    reaction container (12)    pure water supplier (14)    grinding board (16)    electric motor (18)
NOVELTY - Used plastic (1) is processed using a gasifier melting furnace (14) and a blast furnace (11) together.    USE - For processing used plastic in iron mill.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective processing of used plastic which is difficult to granulate. The method processes large amount of used plastic at low cost irrespective of chlorine content in plastic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows general view of processing of used plastic with gasifier melting furnace and blast furnace.    used plastic (1)    classification process (2)    crushing process (5)    grinding process (7)    granulation process (10)    blast furnace (11)    gasifier melting furnace (14)
NOVELTY - A converter (5) and a gasifier melting furnace (6) are used together to process used plastic (1).    USE - For processing used plastics obtained from industrial waste and general waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method is economical and processes large quantity of plastic irrespective of chlorine content. The gas generated from processing of the used plastic is effectively used as heat source for iron mill.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the general view of used plastic processing using a converter and a gasifier melting furnace.    used plastic (1)    foreign material (2)    chlorine-containing plastic (3)    converter (5)    gasifier melting furnace (6)
NOVELTY - Used plastic (1) is processed using a converter (14) and a blast furnace (11) together.    USE - For processing used plastic in iron mill.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective processing of used plastic which is difficult to granulate. The method processes large amount of used plastic at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows general view of processing of used plastic with converter and blast furnace.    Used plastic (1)    Classification process (2)    Crushing process (5)    Grinding process (7)    Granulation process (10)    Blast furnace (11)    Converter (14)
NOVELTY - Thermal decomposition or gasification melting of combustible waste material is carried out in a gasifier at high temperature reducing environment. The gas produced from molten slag is ejected from the gasifier melting furnace (1) through slag pipe. The ejected gas is utilized as fuel for furnace-temperature maintenance or fuel for heat retention of slag pipe.    USE - As fuel for furnace-temperature maintenance of gasifier melting furnace and heat retention of slag pipe.    ADVANTAGE - Usage of gasifier melting furnace gas reduces usage amount of fuel, and thereby decreases operating cost of the furnace.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the steel-manufacturing consistent iron mill using gasifier melting furnace gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gasifier melting furnace (1)    Gas holder (5)    Gas mixer (7)    Pipe (8, 11)
NOVELTY - The carbonization processing of carbonaceous precursor fiber is performed at a temperature of 1400degreesC or less, after press-stamping the carbonaceous fiber cloth. The heat-processing of the carbonaceous precursor fiber is performed at a temperature greater than the temperature required for carbonization processing.    USE - For manufacturing carbonaceous fiber cloth used as material of gaseous diffusion layer in solid polymer fuel cell used for motor vehicles, electric vehicles and co-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacturing a flame-proof carbonaceous fiber cloth having improved property, with reduced thickness non-uniformity.
NOVELTY - An anaerobic fermentation assembly (1) has a pre-acidification stage (2) and a fermentation stage (3a, 3b) linked by a transfer system (5a-e, 10-12, 14, 21), where the transfer system especially selectively transfers ingredients (A, B) to fermentation after they have been adequately acidified.    USE - Process and assembly to dispose of solid wastes and effluent water arising from the production of beer and fruit juice.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly produces a higher energy yield at lower cost than prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also claimed is a commensurate process in which methane and carbon dioxide are generated from liquid and solid organic residues arising from the production of beer and fruit juice. Methane is recovered for use as fuel. The selection process exploits the properties of the raw materials e.g. yeast and spent grain, which are separated by sedimentation and sieving, ensuring that inadequately acidified substances are held back from the fermentation stage until acidification has been completed. Liquid and softened substances pass these stages unhindered. Mechanical mixing devices maintain solids in suspension thereby promoting acidification. Discharge of such solids is facilitated only during mixer rest periods. Solids are further maintained in suspension by rising gas bubbles, promoting selection of acidified components by weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of a suitable anaerobic fermentation assembly.    Pre-acidification stage (2)    high-load stage (3a)    low-load stage (3b)    particle settlement stage (4)    pipe (5a, 5b)    pump (5c)    mixer (6)    mixer (7)    control system (14)    power/signal wire (15, 16)    partition (17)    double partition wall (18)    partition (19)    hole (20)
NOVELTY - The dosing device has at least one metering device for metering fuel into a metering line and a nozzle body connected to the metering line with at least one spray opening that opens into a metering chamber .The nozzle body has a downstream carrying element with a spin insert in the spray output side and in which at least one spray opening is arranged.    USE - Supplying liquid fuel to a liquid reformer for extracting hydrogen or an after-burner for generating heat.    ADVANTAGE - Significantly improved atomization and distribution of the fuel or fuel-gas mixture.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a membrane unit for separating a fuel (3) enriched with hydrogen for a fuel cell unit from a mixture of materials (1) containing hydrogen, whereby the membrane unit contains a semi-permeable membrane (2) that is transmissive to hydrogen molecules. The membrane is a plastic membrane whose plastic material is adapted to the operating temperature of the membrane unit.    USE - Converting chemical energy into electrical energy, especially for use in connection with future vehicle drives.    ADVANTAGE - Reduced construction costs and can be implemented cost effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a membrane unit    Fuel (3)    Mixture of materials containing hydrogen (1)    Membrane (2)    Residue flow (4)    Pressure regulating valve (5)
NOVELTY - A high-temperature fuel cell (HTFC) (7) partly replaces a combustion chamber (7a) in an aircraft's driving gear (2) and is fed with pure hydrogen on an anode side and with air on a cathode side, while the combustion chamber is fed with a mixture of hydrogen and air. On the anode side the HTFC is upstream from a single- or multi-stage turbine (16).    USE - For generating water on board aircraft via fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen supply can be controlled or completely switched off. The turbine converts thermal energy from anode exhaust gas (35) into rotational energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow connection diagram of the present invention. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aircraft's driving gear (2)    High-temperature fuel cell (7)    Combustion chamber (7a)    Single- or multi-stage turbine (16)    Anode exhaust gas (35)
NOVELTY - A catalyst for selectively hydrogenating and dediolefinating for light hydrocarbon fractions, comprises 0.051.0 wt Pd as the active component and the carrier of magnesium aluminum oxide solid solution. In the magnesium aluminum oxide, the mol ration of Mg/Al is 1.012.0. the catalyst also contains auxiliary agents selecting from Co, Mo, Ni and Wu. The catalyst is suitable for selectively hydrogenating and dediolefinating for light C4-C6 hydrocarbon fractions.
NOVELTY - A process of producing charcoal from branches and barks of hazelnut involves screening and cracking branches and barks of hazelnut, drying the mixed material of branches and barks of hazelnut in a dehydrator, and sending it into a coal-making machine to produce carbon pencils, sending carbon pencils into a charring oven to produce charcoal.    USE - For charcoal production from waste hazel.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method saves cost and protects resources, and prevent new environment pollution. The coal content is above 85%, and the calorie value is above 8500 kcal, and the novel enables recycling combustible gases produced in making coal to be fuel for burning ceramic products.
NOVELTY - A ceramic is produced by burning wood and coal and sintering by taking waste branches and barks of nut-trees as the raw material, pulverizing in a particle disintegrator, sending the mixed material into a coal machine to obtain charcoal pencil, feeding hermetically charcoal pencil into a charring oven and naturally forming coal, recycling flammable gases produced in manufacturing coal to a high-pressure air reservoir, when firing charcoal,sending coking coal composed of air coal, fat coal, coke and dry coal into a coke oven for coking, recycling the coke oven gas produced in coking to a high-pressure air reservoir, then introducing flammable gases and coal gas in manufacturing coal and coke, respectively, into the ceramic sinter oven to be the fuel, putting semi-ceramic product prepared by kaolin, quartz and feldspar into a tunnel kiln, heating to 1200-1400 degreesC,    USE - For producing sintered ceramic.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables formation of a ceramic product coming up to the national quality standards.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to environment protection and feed processing technology.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The technological process of treating leftovers comprises the steps of sorting, crushing, fermentation, sterilization and deodorizing, defatting, extrusion and water washing, stoving, crushing and packing. The present invention realizes the harmless treatment of leftovers as a resource for high grade quality, and reuses leftover while eliminating environmental pollution. The feed produced has high amino acid content and coarse protein content.
NOVELTY - A catalyst system for rapid startup of an autothermal reformer comprises a first upstream portion (14) having at least a majority of a first catalyst having a first lightoff temperature, and a second downstream portion (16) having at least a majority of a second catalyst having a second, higher lightoff temperature, where the difference between the first and second lightoff temperatures is at least25degreesC.    USE - For rapid startup of an autothermal reformer for producing hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The assembly provides for rapid startup of autothermal reformer. The overall increase in total catalyst needed in the reactor will be less than 50, preferably less than 10%, when compared to a catalyst consisting only of the efficient, high lightoff species. The reformer thus reaches normal operating conditions significantly faster than in conventional autothermal reformer reactors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of providing rapid startup in an autothermal reforming reaction, comprising providing a first catalyst portion for conducting an autothermal reforming reaction, the first catalyst portion having a first lightoff temperature; providing a second catalyst portion for conducting an autothermal reforming reaction in fluid communication with the first catalyst portion, the second catalyst portion having a second lightoff temperature that is at least25degreesC higher than the first lightoff temperature; heating at least part of the first catalyst portion to the first lightoff temperature; and flowing a mixture comprising at least air (24) and fuel (20) over the heated first catalyst portion to create heat by reaction of the air and fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration of autothermal reformer employing the catalyst system.    Housing (12)    First upstream portion (14)    Second downstream portion (16)    Fuel (20)    Steam (22)    Air (24)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell working to produce an electrical energy arising from a chemical reaction of hydrogen with oxygen. A hydrogen supply device (31) supplies the hydrogen to the cell through a hydrogen line (30). An air supply device (22) supplies air to the cell through an air line (20). A fluid pump is driven by energy of the air flowing through the air line to suck a fluid in the hydrogen line.    USE - Used for producing electrical energy to a mobile object e.g. automotive vehicle, ship and portable generator.    ADVANTAGE - The system is capable of sucking the fluid containing impurities e.g. nitrogen or water from the hydrogen line even when the amount of hydrogen supplied to the fuel cell is small ensuring the stability of operation of the fuel cell under cold environmental conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a structure of a fuel cell system.    Air supply line (20)    Air supply device (22)    Hydrogen supply line (30)    Hydrogen supply device (31)    Ejector pump (40)
NOVELTY - The system has a combustion device with an exhaust gas line (3) for discharge of exhaust gas. A reformer (10) converts a hydrocarbon-containing mixture to a hydrogen-enriched fluid. A heat exchanger (2) is arranged at the exhaust gas line. The heat exchanger has a delivery unit to deliver heat from the exhaust gas to a heated fluid and/or an operating substance of the reformer.    USE - Used for a self-propelled vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The combination of internal combustion engine with the fuel cell system reduces or eliminates the hydrogen and/or reformates reservoir or tank required for self-sufficient fuel cell vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vehicle with a combustion device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section of parts of fuel cell system.    Internal combustion engine (1)    Heat exchanger (2)    Exhaust gas line (3)    Outlet opening (4)    Reformer (10)
NOVELTY - Treating wastewater involves placing coir filter material in biotreatment container(s) (26) having inlet and outlet, providing an oxygen supply to the container, introducing wastewater influent into the container through the inlet, percolating the influent through the coir material to produce an effluent and removing the resulting effluent from the container.    USE - For the treatment of wastewater comprising undissolved solid particulate materials, organic matter and pathogens.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the total suspended solids concentration and the bio-chemical oxygen demand concentration of the effluent wastewater to less than 30 mg/L. The system is inexpensive, easy to install and maintain. The coir material has excellent drainage characteristics, air permeability, long life, is odorless, highly resistant to degradation in aquatic environment and aids in de-nitrification of wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Treating wastewater involves placing coir filter material in biotreatment container(s) (26) having inlet and outlet, providing an oxygen supply to the container, introducing wastewater influent into the container through the inlet, percolating the influent through the coir material to produce an effluent and removing the resulting effluent from the container. The effluent is either directed to the drain field or is recirculated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of wastewater system.    septic tank (12)    effluent transfer tank (20)    biotreatment container (26)    outlet conduit (28)    recirculating tank. (32)
NOVELTY - The structure has a side sill (70) disposed at a side of a fuel cell vehicle and a floor frame (5) disposed inside the sill. The frame, together with the sill connects to a front end of a rear frame (2) to form a Y-shaped frame (43) with a crotch portion. A fuel pipe or a high-voltage wiring is disposed to pass through the portion and connects a fuel tank for fuel gas or a storage device to a fuel cell box.    USE - Used in a fuel cell vehicle for protecting a fuel pipe connecting a fuel cell box to a fuel cell tank and for protecting a high-voltage wiring connecting a storage battery e.g. capacitor to the box.    ADVANTAGE - The side sill and the floor frame function as a protector to reliably prevent the fuel pipe and the high-voltage wiring from being damaged or disconnected. The side sill and the floor frame act as a protector without the need for a new reinforcing unit, thereby contributing to the decrease in vehicle body weight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a wire and pipe-laying structure for a fuel cell vehicle.    Front floor (1)    Rear floor (2)    Floor frames (5, 6)    Y-shaped frame (43)    Side sills (70, 80)
NOVELTY - New Serratia sp. BRD-N1903 having excellent food waste decomposability as well as protease activity and a microbial agent for food waste treatment using the same.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New Serratia sp. BRD-N1903(KCTC 1027BP) strain, is characterized by having protease activity and food waste decomposability. A microbial preparation for food waste treatment is characterized by containing the Serratia sp. BRD-N1903(KCTC 1027BP), where the strain is absorbed into a substrate selected from defatted rice bran, Cell CaSi, activated carbon, diatomite and white carbon.
NOVELTY - New Bacillus subtilis BRD-007 having food waste decomposability and as well as enzyme activities of lipase and protease and a microbial preparation for food waste treatment using the same.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New Bacillus subtilis BRD-007(KCTC 10268BP) strain, is characterized by having lipase and protease activities as food waste decomposability well as. A microbial preparation for food waste treatment is characterized by containing the Bacillus subtilis BRD-007(KCTC 10268BP), where the strain is absorbed into a substrate selected from defatted rice bran, Cell CaSi, activated carbon, diatomite and white carbon.
NOVELTY - New Bacillus subtilis BRD-F4B having food waste decomposability as well as enzyme activities of xylanase and amylase and a microbial preparation for food waste treatment using the same.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New Bacillus subtilis BRD-F4B(KCTC 1029BP) strain, is characterized by having xylanase and amylase activities, as well as food waste decomposability. A microbial preparation for food waste treatment is characterized by containing the Bacillus subtilis BRD-F4B(KCTC 1029BP), where the strain is absorbed into a substrate selected from defatted rice bran, Cell CaSi, activated carbon, diatomite and white carbon.
NOVELTY - A combustible material using low quality coal, garbage and sewage sludge is formed by mixing 35-45 vol.% of combustion material prepared by mixing 5-7 kg of low quality coal having grain size of 30-50 mesh with additive containing 3-5 wt.% of sodium bicarbonate soil, 4-7 wt.% of silica, 10-20 wt.% of talc, 6-8 wt.% of ferric oxide, 2-4 wt.% of sulfur and 12-26 wt.% of diatomite with 55-65 wt.% of a mixture containing 45-55 vol.% of garbage and 45-55 vol.% of sludge.    USE - As combustible material.    ADVANTAGE - The novel material is capable of treating garbage or sludge by not using coal powder of high quality coal available as fuel, such as coal and charcoal, but by using waste, such as low quality coal, in treatment of garbage or sludge by combustion incinerating method.
NOVELTY - Provided is a compact device for making a compost from food garbage, which sterilizes the garbage at a high temperature before fermentation to reduce the processing time, and does not generate bad odors to prevent air pollutions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device for making the compost by fermenting food garbage comprises: a heat exchanger(3) disposed at the upstream of an inlet(2) through which the food garbage are introduced into a fermentation tank(3); a casing(6) of the heat exchanger(3), that has a front inlet(4) and a rear outlet(5) at the outside of the inlet(2); a helical conveying screw disposed inside of the heat exchanger(3); a cooling distribution plate(9) and an exhaust duct(10) disposed at the upstream of the fermentation tank(8); a liquid guide plate(11) for separating water disposed at the downstream of the fermentation tank(8); a discharge hopper(12) having a discharge screw(13) at the downstream of the liquid guide plate(11); and a net body(14) for discharging water and a hopper(15) for discharging water, that are disposed at both sides of the bottom of the liquid guide plate(11).
NOVELTY - A sludge mixed fertilizer, comprises a fermented mixture of sludge containing citric acid produced in the processing of the waste material which contains Japanese apricot vinegar and/or plum fruit piece, discarded during processing of Japanese apricot, wood chip and charcoal.    USE - For use as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The discarded sludge during the processing of Japanese apricot is effectively utilized as a fertilizer. The sludge mixed fertilizer can be manufactured easily at low cost. The fertilizer contains citric acid and favorably promotes the growth of plant. The industrial waste materials such as wood chips are effectively recycled. The fertilizer also has soil improving effects by correcting the acidity of the soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of sludge mixed fertilizer, which involves blending (in wt.%) charcoal (5-50) with wood chips (30-50) and sludge (40-60) produced in the processing of the waste material which contains Japanese apricot vinegar and/or plum fruit piece, performing preliminary fermentation for one month, adding microorganisms to the fermented blend material, performing primary fermentation at 50-60degreesC and performing secondary fermentation to the blend material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of manufacture of sludge mixed fertilizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Combined plant uses unused energy of a cement manufacturing plant (18), which is supplied to biomass treatment plants (8, 10, 12, 14, 27, 31) where production of fuel, manufacture of fertilizer, soil improvement material, feed, seasoned lumber and wood chips, or processing of timber, feed, grass and agricultural products, is effected. The waste material or fuel from the biomass plant, is supplied as a part of the fuel for the cement plant.    USE - Used as a combined plant with cement manufacturing plant and biomass treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - Biomass energy and unused energy of the cement manufacturing plant, are used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for energy exchange method in the combined plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the combined plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Combined plant (1)    Biomass treatment plants (8, 10, 12, 14, 27, 31)    Cement manufacturing plant (18)
NOVELTY - The heat exchanger (15) is dived into primary and secondary side heat exchange chambers (15a,15b). Oxidation catalyst (21) is packed in the packing area (13) in between heat exchanger and heater (14). Gas is introduced into the primary chamber (15a) through the inlet (28) to heat the gas initially. Oxidation treatment gas from the packing area is ejected through the exit (29) at the secondary chamber (15b).    USE - For gas purification system (claimed) used in treating used gases like oxygen, nitrogen, argon, or mixture gas obtained from semiconductor device manufacturing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of heating loss due to integral arrangement of catalyst, heater and heat exchanger, thereby the thermal efficiency is improved at low drive cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas purification system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical front view of catalyst type oxidation treatment apparatus.    catalyst packing area (13)    heater (14)    heat exchanger (15)    primary and secondary heat exchange chambers (15a,15b)    gas inlet (28)    gas exit (29)
NOVELTY - A sewage-gas purification agent contains porous activated carbon. The porous activated carbon is obtained by carbonizing and activating portion(s) of sewage sludge emitted from various sewage-treatment process. The purification agent is used for removing siloxane compound from sewage-sludge gas.    USE - For removing siloxane compound from sewage sludge gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The sewage gas purification agent efficiently removes the siloxane compound from sewage gas at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) purification of sewage-gas where portion(s) of sewage sludge emitted from various sewage treatment subjecting to quality governing process; and    (2) sewage-gas refiner (6), which comprises filled layer of the porous activated carbon and through which the sewage sludge gas is made to pass through in the purification of the sewage gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram illustrating manufacture of the porous activated carbon. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    initial sedimentation basin (1)    final sedimentation basin (2)    digester (3)    wet de-sulfurizing apparatus (4)    sewage-gas refiner (6)
NOVELTY - The system has a modifier (2) that generates high concentration hydrogen gas by processing water supplied from a water supply apparatus (4) and hydrocarbon group gas supplied from a gas supply apparatus (6). A controller (25) starts driving of the gas supply apparatus, when temperature of the modifier reaches preset temperature and required water quantity is maintained.    USE - Fuel cell-type electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable generation of high concentration hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (10) makes oxygen to react with the high concentration hydrogen gas from the modifier, to generate electric power.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of fuel cell-type electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell-type electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (2)    Water supply apparatus (4)    Gas supply apparatus (6)    Fuel cell (10)    Controller (25)
NOVELTY - A heating unit (3) heats a hydrogen-molecule compound in a hydrogen storage tank (1). The hydrogen gas generated during heating of the compound, is released through a discharge port (1b).    USE - For use as hydrogen-fuel supply source for fuel cell in motor vehicle and in electric-power generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy storage and discharge of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank. Enables to reduce energy cost for hydrogen desorption, by using exhaust heat of the hydrocarbon fuel reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stirring unit (4) and a cooling unit (5) stirs and cools hydrogen-molecule compound in the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. The hydrogen-molecule compound is a hydrogen-molecule clathrate compound which is formed by contact reaction between a polymolecule type host compound and the hydrogen molecule.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen desorption apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage tank (1)    discharge port (1b)    heating unit (3)    cooling unit (4)    stirring unit (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has several half plates (22) which are provided with ribs (37) varying in number for each plate.    USE - For motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates to provide lightweight plate and thereby decreasing manufacturing cost of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the half plate.    half plate (22)    anode gas supply hole (25)    anode gas exit pore (26)    cathode gas supply hole (27)    rib (37)
NOVELTY - A drain line (32) is connected to reactive gas main lines within a fuel cell stack (23). A shut valve (33) connected to the drain line, is opened when voltage reduction in the fuel cell stack is detected.    USE - Solid-polymer-electrolyte type fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The stagnant water is ejected to the stack exterior effectively, thus the reduction in reactive-gas pressure in the stack is suppressed effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solid-polymer-electrolyte type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell stack (23)    heating-gas manifold (30)    drain line (32)    shut valve (33)    voltage monitor (34)
NOVELTY - Combustible waste material is crushed (2) and heat-dried (3). Metals and non-flammable impurities are removed in a classification process (4) and the material is again crushed (5), compression molded (6) and freeze-dried (7).    USE - Used for the production of solid fuel used as powdered fuel or packing fuel.    ADVANTAGE - A solid fuel of low moisture content is produced. The amount of auxiliary fossil fuels used during heat drying and electric power expense is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of solid fuel formation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    intensive process (1)    primary crushing (2)    heat drying (3)    classification process (4)    secondary crushing (5)    compression molding (6)    freeze drying (7)
NOVELTY - A thermometry unit (70) measures heater temperature based on electrical resistance of heater (20). The changes of electrical resistance according to the measured heater temperature, is detected based on which heater temperature is specified from which offset voltage is excluded.    USE - For controlling temperature of electric power system (claimed) using a fuel cell e.g. power supply unit for electric motor vehicle and also electronic devices such as a mobile telephone, notebook computer, digital camera, or personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of heater is accurately measured, thus thermal efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) temperature control method; and    (2) electric power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electric power system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel supply controller (10)    electric heater (20)    electric power supply controller (50)    heater controller (60)    thermometry unit (70)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus contains carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalyst (I) and carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalyst (II), which are packed. Both catalyst (I,II) differ in carbon monoxide absorption amount.    USE - For solid polymeric fuel cell system used for fuel modification-type fuel cell electric vehicle and fuel modification-type hydrogen generation system (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus efficiently removes carbon monoxide at low temperature, and decreases consumption of useless hydrogen. The carbon monoxide absorption amount is suppressed, and oxidation at high temperature is inhibited. The removal of carbon monoxide is carried out without cooling exhaust gas of shift reaction device. The absorption amount of carbon monoxide is easily changed, by adjusting the loads.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus contains carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalyst (I) and carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalyst (II), which are packed. Both catalyst (I,II) differ in carbon monoxide absorption amount. The carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalysts (I,II) are obtained from noble metal elements such as platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium and/or osmium, and manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel and/or copper.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solid polymeric fuel cell system;    (2) fuel modification-type hydrogen generation system;    (3) fuel modification-type fuel cell electric vehicle; and    (4) manufacture of carbon monoxide selection oxidation catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the profile of carbon monoxide removal apparatus for solid polymeric fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A liquid-fuel storage unit (3) has a liquid-fuel retaining layer (31) with highly-porous holes and a liquid-fuel supply layer (32). The liquid-fuel retained in the fuel retaining layer is supplied to a fuel cell (2) through the fuel supplying layer, by capillary action.    USE - For storing liquid fuel in fuel cell-type electric power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the capillary force required for supplying liquid fuel from the fuel storage unit to fuel cell, hence allows for supplying liquid fuel to the fuel cell stably and reliably, even when the fuel cell-type electric power generator inclines or the residual amount of liquid fuel in the fuel storage unit decreases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell type electric power generator.    container (1)    fuel cell (2)    fuel storage unit (3)    fuel retaining layer (31)    fuel supply layer (32)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has cathode (21) and anode (22) separated by solid-electrolyte layer (311) arranged at identical flat surface of base (10). The oxidizing gas flow path (11) and fuel flow path (12) are arranged at same side of base (10) with respect to the cathode and anode.    USE - Flat-surface type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a small-size flat surface type fuel cell, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of flat-surface type fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional model of the flat-surface type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    base (10)    oxidizing gas flow path (11)    fuel flow path (12)    cathode (21)    anode (22)    solid-electrolyte layer (311)
NOVELTY - The total volume of exhaust gas in temporary storage device (36) and exhaust gas flow line (34), is set greater than the difference in their total volume when the cut-off valve (32a) and an exhaust gas flow control valve (33), are sealed.    USE - For generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates need for exchange of gas cylinder, as hydrogen or nitrogen gas is not used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for shut down method of fuel cell power generating equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of fuel cell power generating equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    raw material supply line (32)    cut-off valve (32a)    exhaust gas flow control valve (33)    exhaust gas flow line (34)    temporary storage device (36)
NOVELTY - A storage device (36) stores the exhaust gas received from several catalytic-reaction devices through an exhaust gas line (34). A gassing valve (38a) connected to the storage device, controls the supply of stored gas to the reaction devices through a gassing line (38), based on the pressure of reaction devices after shutdown.    USE - Power generation equipment with solid polymer fuel cells such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC).    ADVANTAGE - Enables maintaining the catalytic-reaction devices at reducing environment without requiring purge gas, prevents oxidation of the catalyst and high temperature condition of the catalytic-reaction devices, after shutdown, by appropriately supplying the stored exhaust gas containing hydrogen/nitrogen to the catalytic-reaction devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell-type power generation equipment shut-down method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the power generation equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    raw material line (32)    raw material cutoff valve (32a)    exhaust gas cutoff valve (33)    exhaust gas line (34)    storage device (36)    gassing line (38)    gassing valve (38a)
NOVELTY - Waste-liquid processing (M1) of organic substance of waste liquid by electrolytic-oxidation, involves carrying out methane fermentation of the organic substance, performing hydroxy-radical processing by electrolytic-oxidation, decomposing organic substance having carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen, and performing coagulation-sedimentation processing for removing inorganic substance containing phosphorus.    USE - (M1) is useful for processing organic substances in a organic waste-liquid (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) effectively processes the organic substances in organic waste-liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a plant (I) for waste disposal, comprises an electrolytic-oxidation tank (B) which decomposes the organic substance having carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen by hydroxy-radical processing at the lateral-flow side of the methane-fermentation tank (A), a coagulation-sedimentation tank (C) or phosphorus recovery tank for collecting inorganic substance containing phosphorus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing flowchart of the waste-water-treatment apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Power generation equipment (21)    Methane-fermentation tank (A)    Electrolytic-oxidation tank (B)    Coagulation-sedimentation tank (C)
NOVELTY - The mixture of graphite carbon microparticle and self-degree-of-sintering carbon microparticle, is granulated. The granulated substance is heated, after applying pressure to the substance. The mean particle diameter of the graphite microparticles is 40 microns or more.    USE - Fuel-cell separator e.g. for polymer electrolyte cell, solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of crack and distortion during molding. Improves the manufacturing yield of graphite cast.
NOVELTY - The fuel controller (463) controls the quantity of fuel (124) or oxidizing agent (126) supplied to fuel cell (100) by a piezoelectric pump based on the fuel cell output.    USE - For electric and electronic devices such as portable personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures a lightweight, low power consuming and reliable fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) portable electric equipment; and    (2) fuel cell driving method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (100)    fuel (124)    oxidizing agent (126)    fuel container (425)    load (453)    converters (455,461)    oxidizing agent controller (457)    oxidizing agent supply unit (459)    fuel controller (463)    fuel supply unit (465)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation unit (111) separates hydrogen containing gas into hydrogen gas and off gas, where the separated off gas is used as the heating gas in the gas engine (119).    USE - For processing hydrogen containing gas such as coke oven gas used for producing hydrogen used in fuel cell such as solid polymer type fuel cell, solid oxide type fuel cell and methanol direct type fuel cell used for electric power generation, and also for supplying warm water in kitchen, bathroom.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is easily separated, and the electric power generation efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The benzene, toluene and xylene in the hydrogen containing gas supplied to the hydrogen separation unit, are removed using a removal unit (103). A generator using natural power resources to generate electric power, is provided with the gas engine. An absorption refrigerator (129) is arranged to produce sherbet ice using the exhaust heat of the gas engine.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen containing gas processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen containing gas processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Removal unit (103)    Hydrogen separation unit (111)    hydrogen conveyance line (113)    Gas engine (119)    Absorption refrigerator (129)
NOVELTY - A metallic cylindrical drum (C1) which accommodates binder free buffer, has processed neck portions (12,13) at both edges. A honey- comb structure is held in the drum through the binder free binder. The spinning and twisting of the neck portions are performed with respect to the center axis of the drum.    USE - Honey comb structure incorporated fluid processing apparatus such as catalytic converter used in exhaust system of motor vehicle and as modifier for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since the cylindrical drum had processed necked portions at both edges, the buffer and the honey comb structure are held reliably in the cylindrical drum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the honey comb structure incorporated fluid processing apparatus manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front elevation of the fluid processing apparatus.    cylindrical drum (11)    neck portions (12,13)    taper portions (12b,13b)    neck units (12c,13c)
NOVELTY - A pair of pre-heating portions (4,9) is arranged in the periphery and inner surface of a lowering route (7), respectively to pre-heat water and hydration source gas using heat of the combustion exhaust gas flowing in the route (7). The gas mixed with wet steam is supplied into a modification catalyst layer (8).    USE - For manufacturing reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the modifier is improved by using the heat of the combustion exhaust gas for heating the water. The thermal efficiency of the heat is improved by maintaining temperature difference between the combustion exhaust gas and the water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformed gas and exhaust gas flow in the respective cooling and lowering routes in opposing states.    A carbon monoxide modification catalyst is arranged in a heating route. A middle route (6) is formed in the upper end of a raise route (5). The gas reformed by the catalyst is cooled in the cooling route adjoining the preheating portion (9). The inside of the preheating portion (4) is divided into a spiral shape by partitions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the water vapor modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pre-heating portions (4,9)    Raise route (5)    Middle route (6)    Lowering route (7)    Modification catalyst layer (8)
NOVELTY - A concrete for suppressing or preventing corrosion of internal metal structure, is obtained by fermenting the organic substance material such as plant at 20-60 degreesC (pH of less than 4) for 7-14 days and adding 0.1-3 wt.% of microorganism culture and/or its extract.    USE - For use in reinforced concrete pipe (hume pipe), tunnel for subterranean power transmission, etc., used for reinforcement foundation of building or cable conduit, for suppressing or preventing corrosion of internal metal structure inside concrete.    ADVANTAGE - The concrete has excellent corrosion or rust prevention and inhibition effect with respect to metal structure inside concrete and reinforces durability of concrete. The concrete is cost effective. The method is excellent in productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for suppressing or preventing corrosion of internal metal structure inside concrete which involves fermenting the organic substance material such as plant at 20-60 degreesC (pH of less than 4) for 7-14 days and adding 0.1-3 wt.% of microorganism culture and/or its extract to obtain suspension and using the suspension as curing water at the time of concrete setting.
NOVELTY - Concrete crack repairing material, comprises 0.1-3.0 wt.% of cultivated microorganism and/or its extract with respect to the total amount of concrete. The cultivated microorganism is obtained by fermenting organic substance material such as plant for 7-14 days at 20-60 degreesC under a pH of 4 or less.    USE - As repair material for reinforced concrete such as reinforced concrete pipe, tunnel for subterranean power transmission, reinforcement foundation of building or cable conduit, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The concrete crack repair material, effectively prevents rust and has excellent durability. The concrete is repaired conveniently at low cost. The material has excellent productivity and economical efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for repairing of reinforced concrete which involves filling concrete material and applying a suspension containing 0.1-3.0 wt.% of cultivated microorganism and/or its extract, at the surface of the crack part of the concrete.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a high activity organic phosphate fertilizer and its production process. Its composition includes (wt.%) 45-60% of fowl and livestock excrements, 20-30% of strawpowder, 20-35% of ground phosphate rock and 0.5-1.0% of additive composite bacterial strains. Its production process includes the following steps: mixing the fowl and livestock excrements, strawpowder, ground phosphate rock and additive composite bacterial strains, including Aspergillus niger, zymotomere, bacillus, photosynthetic bacteria, acetobacter and actinomycetes, stirring them uniformly, feeding them into biological conversion activating machine, heating and placing them into fermentation tower, turning and oxygenating, breeding, fermentation, drying, granulating and packaging, so as to obtain the invented product.
NOVELTY - The present invention provides a method for treating poultry and livestock dung and droppings and stalks and straw locally and a system for implementing the method.
NOVELTY - Organic waste is crushed, regulated in carbon/nitrogen ratio and water content and set inside fermenting machine, where high temperature of 60-100 degreesC is utilized to kill harmful microbes and raise the activity of high temperature bacteria for fast fermentation and A-T ferment composite comprising high temperature bacteria and active carbon is added so that the organic waste can be converted into organic fertilizer in 8-24 hours.    ADVANTAGE - The method has the advantages of a short fermentation period, small treating the area needed, no bad smell and no secondary pollution.
NOVELTY - The composite biological bacterial fertilizer consists of chicken manure, swine waste, straw, husk, mcorrhizal fungi, Klebs bacillus, megabacillus and silicate bacteria. Owing to the fermentation of the mixture, the fermentation product with rich nutrients may be used as the adsorbent for bacteria and fungi to further grow, and the fertilizer can maintain effective live bacteria and fungi number. The fertilizer with mcorrhizal fungi, Klebs bacillus, megabacillus and silicate bacteria can absorb the heavy metal ion in soil, degrade several pollutants, improve soil quality and promote the growth of plant. In addition, the present invention solves the problem of disposing chicken manure, swine waste, straw and husk.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the process of producing organic fertilizer with waste residue and waste water produced in producing dioscin. The production process includes adding lime to acid waste water to neutralize, mixing neutralized waste water, residue, wheat bran, ammonium bicarbonate, etc., inoculating mixed strain of high temperature actinomycetes, bacillus licheniformis, etc. , and high temperature aerobic compost fermentation. The organic fertilizer is proved in pot cultivated plant test and field plantation to have obvious fertilizer effect.
NOVELTY - The present invention aims that by using the excellent bacteria strain screened from Camptotheca acuminata leaf or seed in different rot degree as strain for production, the residue after camptothecine extraction is air dried, alcohol evaporated, mixed with wheat bran, cane sugar, calcium sulfate, urea and water, and fermented at high temperature to form organic fertilizer capable of being utilized by plant. The present invention can eliminate the environmental pollution caused by the residue after camptothecine extraction.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the method of extracting hydrogen from biomass, and is especially the solid heat carrier catalyzing and gasifying method of preparing hydrogen-rich gas from biomass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method includes mixed heating of solid heat carrier catalyst and biomass, fast thermolysis of biomass, catalytic gasifying and regeneration circulation of solid catalyst grain. The catalyst as solid heat carrier has accumulated heat for gasifying biomass. The technological apparatus consists of mobile bed reactor, material feeder, regenerating riser tube, catalyst storage tank, etc. The present invention makes the hydrogen in biomass converted into hydrogen gas at most, and the continuous switch-less regeneration of catalyst solves the problem of fast deactivation of catalyst. The present invention has low tar content, simple operation and high gas product purity, and is new technological process with great potential.
NOVELTY - A fermenting pool for treating garbage (city's life garbage) to generator marsh gas features structurally that it has 4 mechanisms respectively used for pulverizing big organic material particles, automatically separating and collecting the inorganic substances, using solar energy or marsh gas to heat the liquid material, and generating the thermal insulation effect by use of air, vacuum and insulating material. Its advantage is short period.    USE - For treating garbage.
NOVELTY - A process for reclaiming organic material without fermentation includes pretreating, adding acid for decomposing, aging, drying, breaking, regulating pH value and preparing fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen operated power system comprises a pump (32) in the supply system, which is driven by a sensorless motor (34). The sensorless motor detects at least a rotational position of the motor. The supply system, supplies a gaseous fuel from a fuel supply tank (24) to a fuel cell (22).    USE - For generating power in a hydrogen operated power system e.g. hydrogen engine.    ADVANTAGE - The power system prevents the system operation interference due to sensor deterioration. The hydrogen operated power system determines for an abnormality in the supply and circulation system quickly at system startup.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram showing the configuration of fuel cell system.    fuel cell system (20)    fuel cell (22)    fuel supply tank (24)    pump (32)    sensorless motor. (34)
NOVELTY - Reforming fuels into hydrogen involves passing a fuel comprising at least about 1 (at least 35) ppm by wt. of sulfur over a platinum catalyst. The catalyst is disposed on a monolith.    USE - For reforming of fuels e.g. California Phase II gasoline used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method reforms the fuel to hydrogen at a hydrogen productivity rate that decreases by less than 1 (preferably less than 0.5)%/hour of operation. The method reforms gasoline to hydrogen at more than 70 or 80% production efficiency. The monolith has higher open surface area/unit volume, lower diffusion distance, reduced pressure drop, better heat transfer, lower cost, improved mechanical strength and toughness and better thermal shock resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a system comprising a catalyst in fluid communication with a fuel cell membrane; and    (2) production of a catalyst.
NOVELTY - An end plate (102, 104) for an electrochemical cell, comprises a metal plate having a manifold region with a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid through it; and a corrosion resistant coating applied to at least a portion of the manifold region including the connection port that prevents leakage and destruction of the electrochemical cell.    USE - For an electrochemical cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The end plate has a corrosion resistant coating that prevents leakage and destruction of the electrochemical cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of producing an end plate for an electrochemical cell, comprising providing a metal plate having a manifold region with a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid through it; and applying a corrosion resistant coating to at least a portion of the manifold region including the connection port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of a fuel cell stack.    End plate (102, 104)    Anode flow plate (120)    Membrane electrode assembly (124)    Cathode flow field plate (130)
NOVELTY - A system comprising at least one host plant disposed in a material contaminated with at least one organic pollutant; and at least one microorganism capable of degrading at least one organic pollutant and enhancing at least one of germination, growth and survival of at least one host plant disposed in the material, is new.    USE - The system is useful for phytoremediation of materials contaminated with organic pollutants where the method comprises: planting at least one host plant in the material; and introducing at least one microorganism into the material, at least one microorganism being capable of degrading at least one of the organic pollutants and enhancing at least one of germination, growth and survival of at least one host plant. The material is selected from the group consisting of soil, sludge, sediment, wastewater and mixtures. The host plant is capable of degrading at least one organic pollutant, preferably phenanthrene, fluoranthene, pyrene and mixtures (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system uses selected, naturally occurring bacteria, which simultaneously degrade organic pollutants and enhance the germination, growth, survival and/or health of the host plant. Contaminants are degraded more rapidly in these hybrid systems than with either components alone, as a result of which the overall process requires less time to achieve a given cleanup level. Action of the bacteria, by accelerating the degradation of potentially phytotoxic contaminants, more rapidly reduces the overall toxicity of the soil. The contaminants are more rapidly and extensively degraded in the hybrid system which helps to reduce the potential for transport of the contaminants into ground plant tissues.
NOVELTY - Preparation of non-pyrophoric catalyst involves coextruding a mixture of copper and alumina precursors, drying the coextrudate and calcining the dried coextrudate at a temperature of at least 600 degrees C. The catalyst contains a copper component (2 - 20 wt.%) with at least 50 wt.% of the copper component in the form of a copper oxide, aluminum oxide-spinel.    USE - For preparation of non-pyrophoric copper-alumina catalyst, to produce hydrogen by reaction of carbon monoxide and water, and in generating hydrogen for gas streams supplied to fuel cells and in fuel processors.    ADVANTAGE - The novel catalyst is durable, resistant to low temperature and high steam environments that often occur as a result of variable power demands, such as in vehicular or residual settings, less prone to deactivation due to exposure, and effectively promotes water-gas shift reaction. The non-pyrophoric nature of the catalyst improves the overall convenience of handling. The resistance of the catalyst to conditions that more rapidly degrade the activity of conventional copper-based water-gas shift catalysts improves the operational lifetime of the catalyst and decreases the frequency of catalyst replacement. The improvements in the non-pyrophoric properties and durability of the catalyst are not achieved at the expense of poor water-gas shift catalytic activity and the catalyst is therefore desirable for replacement of conventional copper-based catalyst in low temperature water-gas shift stage of fuel cell processor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A method of activating the above catalyst using a dry gas stream of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide; and    (2) A method of regenerating deactivated catalyst with a reducing gas stream.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell bipolar plate for providing a gas flow path while being disposed at both sides of membrane-electrode assembly comprises a bipolar plate substrate that is of a corrosion-resisting metallic material or a composite composed of a corrosion-resisting metallic material, and a conductive contact layer formed on the substrate and composed of noble metal and having a thickness of 0.0005-0.01 microns.    USE - The fuel cell bipolar plate is used for providing a gas flow path while being disposed at both sides of MEA.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive fuel cell bipolar plate has a good contact resistance and a good corrosion resistance to give a high voltage generation characteristic as well as a reduced manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell bipolar plate for providing a gas flow path while being disposed at both sides of membrane-electrode assembly (MEA) comprises a bipolar plate substrate that is of a corrosion-resisting metallic material or a composite composed of a corrosion-resisting metallic material to define the surface layer of the composite and the other metallic material to define the inner layer of the composite, and a conductive contact layer formed on the bipolar plate substrate and composed of noble metal and having a thickness of 0.0005-0.01 microns.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view showing the basic composition of a polymer electrolyte fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Recreational vehicle comprises a fuel cell power system mounted on the vehicle to provide electrical power, heat, and water to the vehicle, a hydrogen-powered fuel cell mounted on the vehicle, a system to deliver pure hydrogen to the fuel cell, a path from the fuel cell to deliver electrical power to the vehicle, a path from the fuel cell to deliver water to the vehicle, and a path from the fuel cell to deliver heat to the vehicle.    USE - As recreational vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Because the reforming reaction in the fuel processor consumes heat, a burner is necessary to heat the catalyst beds in the reformer. The burner produces hot exhaust gases which become a heat source. The system removes this heat from the exhaust, and may use the heat to warm water for a recreational vehicle, thus replacing the vehicle's propane fuel hot water heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block function diagram showing the components of a fuel cell power system.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is generated by reacting alkali metal borohydride with hydrated alkali metal borate. The borate has sufficient water for complete hydrolysis of borohydride to molecular hydrogen. The alkali metal is lithium or sodium.    USE - Generating hydrogen used to power a hydrogen-consuming device, e.g. engine or fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system is cost effective, efficient, and highly desirable for easy use and maintenance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a composition for generating hydrogen gas comprising lithium and/or sodium borohydride particles, and hydrated lithium and/or sodium borate particles.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for supplying air to a fuel cell stack is provided, to allow air to be supplied to a fuel cell stack even in the case of the discharge of a battery or the air motor trouble.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus (100) comprises an air motor (10) which is placed on the first air line (13) connected with the fuel cell stack (11) and supplies air; a first block valve (20) set between the fuel cell stack and the air motor; an ECU (30) which is connected with the block valve, connects a battery member with a starting switch of an automobile, opens the block valve to supply air when the starting switch of an automobile is turned on, and closes the block valve to block the supply of air when an air conditioner compressor (41) is operated by starting; and a sub air supply apparatus which comprises an air tank (45) for storing the air generated at the air conditioner compressor, a second air line for transporting the air generated at the air tank, a decompression valve (47) set on the second air line (43) for decompressing the air supplied from the air tank, and a second block valve (49) set on the second air line for opening and closing selectively the second air line through the control of the ECU.
NOVELTY - An electroconductive spongy foam-metal structure is bonded to electroconductive separator and fuel cell electrode, for supplying heating gas and oxidizing gas.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The heating gas and oxidizing gas are supplied uniformly through electroconductive foam-metal to an electrode without reducing the electric function. Electric power generation efficiency is improved.
NOVELTY - A mixing unit (200) mixes liquefied natural gas (LNG) with natural-gas vapors formed by a vaporization unit (100) which vaporizes liquefied natural gas, so that temperature of LNG reaches preset temperature. A distilling column separates LNG supplied into column, from top portion of column, into low-boiling pint and high-boiling point components.    USE - For separating liquefied natural gas (LNG) into methane, ethane, propane, and butane, so that liquid-phase methane is used for adjusting calorie of town gas, and gas-phase methane is used as fuel for power-station boiler.    ADVANTAGE - There is no need to install a heat exchanger for enabling heat exchange between LNG fed into the column and gas obtained from top portion of column, and for condensing the gas. Eliminates the need for a pipe, pump and a valve, to recirculate the condensed gas, to the column. Since vapor-liquid equilibrium is achieved in the column, at various temperature conditions, the LNG is separated into various boiling-point components of high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A mixing unit (200) mixes liquefied natural gas (LNG) with natural-gas vapors formed by a vaporization unit (100) which vaporizes liquefied natural gas, so that temperature of LNG reaches preset temperature. A distilling column separates LNG supplied into column, from top portion of column, into low-boiling pint and high-boiling point components. The column comprises a demethanizer (300) or a deethanizer. Gaseous phase separated from the column, is re-introduced into the column, from the top portion of column.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the separation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vaporization unit (100)    mixing unit (200)    demethanizer (300)    reboiler (400)    heat exchanger (500)
NOVELTY - Foodstuff for inducing hormone in the living body, comprises microorganism fermented decomposition product containing precursor substance of various hormones. The product is obtained by fermenting mixture of pomegranate, wild yam, soybean embryo bud, saffron, Cordyceps sinensis mycelium extract, hyaluronic acid, various amino acid, water-soluble vitamins and various yeast minerals.    USE - As health food for inducing hormones.    ADVANTAGE - The health food is highly safe to use. The health effectively induces various hormones.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of foodstuff which involves extracting plants, processing plant extract by oxidation and putrefaction, decomposing plant extract by slow fermentation of enzyme adhering to the plants, decomposing carbohydrate, protein and lipid in the plant extract into low molecular saccharide, amino acid and fatty acid by fermentation and adding the enzyme.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of manufacturing method hormone induction foodstuffs. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Membrane-separated methane-fermentation method, involves supplying concentration adjusted liquid to methane fermentation tank, performing calcium ion concentration of inside system, adjusting pH, suppressing precipitates of calcium carbonate, processing organic wastewater in the tank, membrane-separating digested sludge and removing membrane transmissive liquid from methane fermented liquid.    USE - For membrane-separated methane-fermentation useful for preventing production of calcium.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively prevents precipitation of calcium carbonate in methane-fermentation tank and prevents clogging due to calcium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of membrane-separated methane-fermentation method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Foodstuffs circulation resources are ground, slurried, and stored in a tank. The stored ground slurry is introduced to a bioreactor (3), and biogas is produced. The fermentation wastewater produced in the bioreactor, is introduced to a wastewater treatment equipment (4). A link is then carried out to a cogeneration system (Z) which carries out cogeneration using the biogas as a fuel.    USE - For recycling organic refuse and other foodstuffs circulation resources ejected from foodstuffs manufacturing factories, foodstuffs circulation systems, and foodstuffs consuming facilities.    ADVANTAGE - The recycle method efficiently promotes the use of organic refuse ejected from foodstuffs factories, with effective energy balance. The load to the final disposal site is decreased. Surplus energy is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for recycle system (X) of foodstuffs circulation resources, equipped with:    (1) grinding classification machine (1) which carries out grinding slurrying processing while removing foreign materials;    (2) slurry tank (2) which accepts and stores the ground slurry from the grinding classification machine;    (3) bioreactor which introduces the ground slurry and carries out methane fermentation;    (4) wastewater treatment equipment (4) which introduces the fermentation wastewater produced in the bioreactor;    (5) gasholder (5) which stores the de-sulfurized biogas produced in the bioreactor; and    (6) cogeneration system (Z) which performs cogeneration using the biogas from the gasholder as a fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow sheet of a recycle system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    grinding classification machine (1)    slurry tank (2)    bioreactor (3)    wastewater treatment equipment (4)    gasholder (5)    gas engine (6)    sludge drying machine (7)    power transmission unit (8)    recycle system (X)    cogeneration system (Z)
NOVELTY - Electrode material consists of graphite lamellar compound by which metallic salt compound is intercalated by graphite.    USE - For electrolytic reduction of carbon dioxide to produce hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane and/or ethylene (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrode material efficiently performs electrolytic reduction of carbon dioxide, and various reduction products are manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electrolytic reduction of carbon dioxide, which involves performing electrolytic reduction of electrolytic solution, which dissolved carbon dioxide, using the electrode material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electric-current-potential curve by cyclic voltammetry using the copper chloride-graphite lamellar compound, as an electrode. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A transmissive layer (24), an intermediate layer (28) and a support layer (26) are sequentially formed, and the portion of support layer is etched to form an aperture on the support layer.    USE - For manufacturing aperture laminate structure used in hydrogen separation component for modifier used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to manufacture aperture laminate structure without any influence of forming any pin hole on the transmissive layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen separation component manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view illustrating the manufacturing process of the aperture laminate structure.    Transmissive layer (24)    Support layer (26)    Intermediate layer (28)    Aperture laminate structure (31)
NOVELTY - The catalyst has 20-70 weight% of copper oxide, 10-60 weight% of zinc oxide, 1-50 weight% of zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide and 1-25 weight% of manganese oxide as essential component.    USE - For carbon monoxide (CO) shift reactions or water gas shift reactions to manufacture carbon dioxide and hydrogen used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Implements the carbon monoxide (CO) shift reaction, under low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) carbon monoxide shift reaction method; and    (2) carbon dioxide manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether steam reforming catalyst is obtained by mixing 50 wt.% of a zeolite containing silicon and aluminum, into a precursor mixture containing copper and zinc. The zeolite is a MFI type zeolite. The molar ratio of silicon to aluminum in the MFI type zeolite is 100 or less. containing a gallium and silica,    USE - For steam reforming of dimethyl ether used in manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas (claimed), which is used in petroleum refining, desulfurization, metallurgy glass manufacture, and manufacture of semiconductors and organic compounds, and as hydrogenator in ammonia synthesis and raw material for fuel cells used as power source of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity and selectivity. The catalyst enables manufacture of mixed gas of high hydrogen concentration easily and economically using a small apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.
NOVELTY - A fuel supply pipe (46) connects the fuel exit side of a fuel system (41) and a fuel supply-side of a fuel modifier (42). The fuel in a hydrogen-rich gas is modified in the fuel modifier. A fuel treating equipment (A) for treating fuel from the fuel system to ionize sulfur compound and hydrocarbon compound using magnetic force.    USE - For use in electric-power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables ionization of the hydrocarbon and sulfur compound by using the magnetic field, due to electrical potential difference generation between the outer and the inner tubes and improves fuel modification.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A permanent magnet made of anisotropic magnetic element, is fixed to the inner face of a holding case. The fuel treating equipment has a pair of magnetic processing units connected to form a magnetic-induction closed circuit. A connecting pipe is made of non-magnetic material and is inserted into a joint of the holding case. The connecting pipe has outer and inner tubes made of non ferrous metal. The outer and inner tubes are connected to positive and negative terminals. A right-angled magnetic field is formed relative to the flow of fuel between the magnetic poles of anisotropic magnetic element so that magnetic field is applied to the fuel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric-power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (40)    Fuel system (41)    Fuel modifier (42)    Fuel supply pipe (46)    Fuel treating equipment (A)
NOVELTY - A cut-off valve (3) interrupts flow of fuel off-gas in flow-path (15). A drive unit (35) drives a main valve (33) which opens/closes opening (30) for the flow of off-gas. When test gas is sealed in processing flow-path (17), biasing force of a spring (34) of the valve (3) is larger than the opening force of main valve based on internal pressure of gas, such that main valve is in closed state.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since main valve is maintained in closed state when the test gas is sealed in the processing flow-path, leakage of the test gas is prevented. Hence efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cut-off valve in fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the cut-off valve assembly in the fuel cell system.    cut-off valve (3)    off-gas flow-path (15)    processing flow-path (17)    main opening (30)    main valve (33)    spring (34)    drive unit (35)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has planar shaped cathode panel and anode panel with respective gas injection nozzle and discharge ports. The cathode panel has electrode attachment portion into which the electrode (2) with gas passage way is attached. The holes for removing electrode are provided on the outer sides of the electrode attachment portion.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides the fuel cell with reduced size and weight. Also provides the degree of freedom in the design of the panels of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of the electrode with gas passageway.    electrode (2)
NOVELTY - The modified gas has carbon monoxide (CO) selectively oxidized to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen, in presence of catalyst and oxygen. Electric energy is produced by supplying hydrogen and oxygen-containing gas to fuel cell. Water vapor supplied to the modification reaction performed by burning exhaust gas of cell, is heated by reaction heat of CO oxidation process and exhaust of modification process.    USE - For fuel cell of electric vehicle and also for fuel cell used in home and industry.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and fuel requirement of modification system and increases energy efficiency of the system, by using heat energy effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of modification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification device (1)    hydrogen oxide removal device (2)    fuel cell stack (3)    hot water supply unit (4)    heat recovery device (5)
NOVELTY - The weight of solid fuel fed into dry distillation gas producing chamber (1), is measured. High temperature air is introduced into chamber for carbonizing fuel by dry distillation. The thermal decomposition of fuel is carried out to generate carbonization gas. Based on measured weight, the amounts of fuel fed into chamber and combustion residue sent out from fire grate (12), are controlled.    USE - For dry distillation gassing of solid fuels such as organic refuse, sludge and waste material such as waste plastic, paper and timber.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonization gas of high quality is stably generated in short time, using small sized dry distillation gas producing chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for dry distillation gassing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the dry distillation gassing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    chamber (1)    sensor (4)    fire grate (12)    combustion zone (13)    predrying zone (15)
NOVELTY - A gas mixture containing water vapor and fuel is passed horizontally through a primary heat exchange portion (41) and preheated by modified gas. Then the gas mixture is passed vertically through a secondary heat exchange portion (42) in a direction opposite to that of modified gas flow direction, and heated. The heated gas mixture and reformed gas are supplied into modifier (30) and fuel cell, respectively.    USE - For reforming fuel, e.g. town gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or kerosene, and supply it to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents application of thermal stress on the heat exchanger by preventing falling of water droplet in downward direction in heat exchanger, and hence durability of heat exchanger is improved. Temperature management of modified gas is performed reliably by passing it through the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (30)    heat exchanger (40)    primary heat exchange portion (41)    secondary heat exchange portion (42)    evaporator (70)
NOVELTY - The bi-polar plate has a framework comprising two metallic plates (20) having recesses at two levels making up two circulation channels for fuel (21S,21l), with an internal space for refrigerant liquid, and providing a peripheral space permitting the placing of a casing (11) for the distribution of refrigerant, and fuel. Two joints (4,5) and a spacer (16) completes the mounting.    USE - A bipolar plate with two metallic plates for a fuel cell used in automotive electrical systems, each of the two polar plates by which the fuel are channeled towards a polymer exchange membrane placed between the two polar plates.    ADVANTAGE - Has proper sealing between the bipolar plates, and is low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a partial sectional view of the bipolar plate for the fuel cell.    joints (4,5)    casing (11)    spacer (16)    metallic plates (20)    fuel channels (21S, 21L)
NOVELTY - Basic module for a miniature fuel cell comprises a substrate (1) incorporating a relief and a stack of at least three layers on the relief, arranged one on the other to constitute an anode (11), an electrolyte (12) and a cathode (13) of the module. The substrate is a solid piece that is porous and permeable to gas, at least in the parts in contact with the anode.    USE - The basic module is applied for fuel cells with small dimensions and of medium power. In particular, it is used for microsystems making up the fuel cells for portable energy micro-sources. It can be applied to fuel cells with ion exchange membranes such as PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells) operating with hydrogen/oxygen or with DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cells) operating with methanol/oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - Fabrication of the basic module is relatively simple and is easily reproduced. In particular, the substrate relief is readily produced by an electro-erosion process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The relief of the substrate may be made up of cones, tubes, spheres, parallelepipeds, cylinders or holes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for the fabrication of this basic module for a miniature fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-section of a base module according to the invention.    Substrate (1)    Gas impermeable zone of substrate (2)    Gas permeable zone of substrate (3)    Upper surface of substrate (4)    Relief volumes (10)    Anode (11)    Electrolyte (12)    Cathode (13)
NOVELTY - The fluid conduit (4,6) is joined to a connecting chamber (12) by the use of a cylinder (9) typically made from stainless steel to match the conduit. The cylinder has a shoulder (11) and a reduced section (10) which is introduced into a conduit hole (7) and pressed to make a joint. The chamber has a channel (15) which is pressed over the profiled cylinder by ultrasound to complete the connection    USE - As structure for connecting thin fluid conduit to fluid chamber. Particular application to fuel cells    ADVANTAGE - The connecting structure is simple, compact and reliable. It overcomes previous problems of mechanical strength and water tightness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for : A fuel cell which uses at least two of the connecting structures    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the connecting structure    Fluid conduit (4,6)    Conduit hole (7)    Cylinder (9)    Reduced section (10)    Shoulder (11)    Connecting chamber (12)    Chamber channel (15)
NOVELTY - A source of electrical energy incorporates a fuel cell (1) and at least one circulation channel (5a) including an inlet, connected to a source of reactive fluid, and an outlet to feed the fuel cell with reactive fluid and to evacuate the water produced in the fuel cell. It incorporates a reservoir (10) arranged at the outlet from the circulation channel and an inlet valve (11) arranged between the source of reactive fluid and the inlet to the circulation channel    USE - The invention is applied to low temperature fuel cells and more particularly to those of the PEMFC type but it can be applied to other type of fuel cell using pure reagents as the fuel or combustion agent. It is applicable for Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC) or Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides an energy source incorporating a fuel cell that is compact, robust and capable of evacuating the water from the fuel cell, without the external rejection of material from the electrical energy source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for controlling this energy source in which:    (a) the reservoir is filled with reactive fluid and the inlet valve is closed during a first predetermined time period;    (b) the inlet valve is opened during a second predetermined time period, to evacuate the water accumulated during the first time period, the second time period being significantly shorter then the first.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings illustrate schematically an energy source conforming to the invention, the inlet valve being respectively in the closed and opened positions.    Fuel cell (1)    Circulation channel (5a)    Energy source (9)    Reservoir (10)    Inlet valve (11)    Flow of reactive gas in first time period from reservoir (F1)    Flow of reactive gas in second time period to evacuate water and fill reservoir with reactive gas (F2)
NOVELTY - Energy (60) from a reformer and fuel cell is supplied to an electric motor (10) via an inverter (62). Road wheels (64) are driven through a transmission (66). On reduction of the motor energy requirement, an electronic control unit (72) determines the excess energy available due to reformer delay and allocates it between thermal storage (82,76), pressure storage (84,78) and vacuum storage (86,80). Any excess is burnt in the reformer.    USE - To recuperate energy on vehicle driven by reformer and fuel cell when the motor energy requirement diminishes.    ADVANTAGE - The surplus energy produced by the reformer when motor demand falls is recovered as well as any that may be due to regenerative braking.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the energy recuperation system    Motor (10)    Energy from reformer/fuel cell (60)    Inverter (62)    Road wheels (64)    Transmission (66)    Electronic control unit (72)    Thermal storage (82,76)    Pressure storage (84,78)    Vacuum storage (86,80)
NOVELTY - A thermoplastic resin composition (C1) is obtained by blending and heating (wt.%): at least one non-aromatic hydrocarbon softening agent for rubber (a) (100); organic peroxide (b) (0.1 - 10); crosslinking aid (c) (23 - 50, preferably 40 - 50); and thermoplastic resin (d) (at most1500 preferably 100 - 1500). The weight ratio of (b) to (c) is at most1.    USE - As thermoplastic elastomeric resin composition (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The thermoplastic composition has excellent impact absorption property; extraction residue of at least10 wt.% after immersion in acetone; and is easy to handle, hence is applicable as damper, muffler etc. The thermoplastic composition has usual hardness, decreased bleed-out in the evaluation of heat resistance and also improved mechanical strength and abrasion resistance.
NOVELTY - A measurement system for monitoring methane (3) formation in biogas reactors, comprises a membrane (1) located in the liquid reactor medium (2), through which the methane diffuses. After passing through the membrane, the gas is taken up by a carrier gas stream (4) and is then quantified by a measurement unit (7). The membrane has a tubular cross section.    USE - The arrangement is useful as a measurement system for monitoring methane formation in biogas reactors.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement is simple and efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the methane    Membrane (1)    Liquid medium (2)    Methane (3)    Gas stream (4)    Measurement unit (7)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (FCS) (10) has a layered structure of several single fuel cells (20,30,40) and is enclosed by end plates (50,60). Two contact elements (70,80) take current away. For each fuel gas and a coolant the FCS has a collector channel impinged with fuel gas via connector links (90,100) and with a coolant via a connector link (110).    USE - As a fuel cell electric power source in a motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Specific power density is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of a fuel cell stack as a diagonal view.    Fuel cell stack (10)    Single fuel cells (20,30,40)    End plates (50,60)    Contact elements (70,80)    Connector links for fuel gas (90,100)    Connector link for coolant (110)
NOVELTY - Process for operating post-combustion device comprises: acquiring combustion speed in combustion chamber (8) and/or in foam ceramic (4); recycling part of combustion gases to heat exchange channel which is thermally coupled to combustion chamber and/or the foam ceramic; and regulating amount of the recycled combustion gases by changing amount of the recycled combustion gases.    USE - For a chemical reformer for recovering hydrogen in the production of heat from fuel gases and/or residual gases from a reforming and/or fuel cell process.    ADVANTAGE - Additional sputtering devices are not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a post combustion device used in the above process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the post combustion device in the region of the combustion chamber.    Nozzle (2)    Air feed (3)    Foam ceramic (4)    Combustion chamber (8)    Heat-conducting strips (23)
NOVELTY - The device has a valve closure element that controls a gas flow from an inlet to an outlet side and interacts with a valve seat on a valve plate with a throughflow opening(s) to the outlet side. The inlet side is connected to inner and outer pressure regions. The inner pressure region contains an axial pressure channel of the valve closure element opening on the free end of the element; the outer pressure region encloses the valve closure element.    USE - E.g. a gas control valve for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The valve closure element can be operated with a small force.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device has a valve closure element (14) that controls a flow of gas from an inlet side to an outlet (34) side and interacts with a valve seat (26) formed on a valve plate with at least one throughflow opening leading to the outlet side. The inlet side is connected to inner (22) and outer (20) pressure regions upstream of the valve seat. The inner pressure region contains an axial pressure channel (19) of the valve closure element opening on the free end of the valve closure element and the outer pressure region encloses the valve closure element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a gas valve    valve closure element (14)    outlet side (34)    valve seat (26)    inner pressure region (22)    outer pressure region (20)    axial pressure channel (19)
NOVELTY - Process for testing or calibrating sensor elements comprises selecting the height of at least one parameter which characterizes the composition of an educt, and automatically acquiring a theoretical value based on the selected parameter which is to be expected on contact of the sensor element with a product gas mixture.    USE - For determining the concentration of an internal combustion engine exhaust gas.    ADVANTAGE - The testing device can be easily operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) testing device for testing or calibrating sensor elements comprising a calculating element (12) and a mixing element (14);    (2) computer program comprising program code elements; and    (3) software product for the computer program.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the testing device.    calculating element (12)    mixing element (14)    data lines (15, 19)    feed lines (20)    sensor element (28)
NOVELTY - A process for separating methane from the gas mixture containing low-grade hydrocarbons by hydrate method, that is, separating methane from C2 component features that a selective inhibitor-promoter is added to water for inhibiting the low-carbon component to become hydrate and promoting the methane to become hydrate, increasing the difference between them and improving the separation efficiency.
NOVELTY - A method and apparatus for cothermolysis of coal and methane features that the powdered coal is carried by methane gas into the arc plasma gas (H2) jet while the methane gas comes in the plasma jet from respective inlet for thermolysis. The mode in which the material comes in plasma jet, the quantity of material, the time when the material and thermolyzing gas stay in the reactor and the temp at outlet of reactor are controlled. The thermolyzing gas is quickly cooled by methane gas.
NOVELTY - An apparatus (I) for improving total surface working area within worm farms and for treating organic matter, has unit for allowing passage of worm casting and/or fluid through several apertures in at least one or more walls of the apparatus formed from a mesh, but prevents passage of substantial quantities of organic matter.    USE - (I) is useful for improving total surface working area within worm farm and for treating organic matter. (I) is useful for increasing the capacity for composting of organic matter within a worm farm, which is useful in increasing the oxygenation of the organic mass, thereby enhancing the level of worm activity within the apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - (I) efficiently improves total surface working area within worm farm and treats organic matter by enhancing the level of worm activity within the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of apparatus for improving total surface working area within worm farm and for treating organic matter, is positioned within the bin and connected to side walls of the receptacle.
NOVELTY - Production of endopolygalacturonase (I) by culturing a recombinant microbial strain (A) that overexpresses the EPG2 gene of Kluyveromyces marxianus.    USE - (I) is used for depectinization and clarification of juices (from fruit, greens or vegetables); for maceration of plants; and for increasing yield in preparation of juices, animal feed formulations and decomposition of plant wastes.    ADVANTAGE - The new recombinant strains produce higher levels of enzymatic activity than known strains; can grow on economical, synthetic media and provide maximal activity after only 24 hours growth. They are very stable, with the new gene integrated into the genome.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a 1086 bp sequence (3) comprising the EPG2 gene of K. marxianus;    (2) polypeptide (Ia) of 362 amino acids (4), encoded by (3) and having endopolygalacturonidase activity;    (3) bacterial or yeast vectors that are plasmids containing sequence (3) or its fragments; and    (4) recombinant microorganisms (A) that contain a vector of (3).
NOVELTY - An oxidizer gas flow passage (32) which feeds oxidizer gas from oxidizer gas inlet hole to oxidizer gas outlet hole, is formed in metal plate (14). The oxidizer gas flow passage grooves (38a-38c) forms serpentine flow passage grooves with turned portions (T1,T2) whose ends are connected to inlet and outlet buffers (34,36) formed symmetrically in triangular shapes, without changing the length of passages.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to pass gas between inlet and outlet storage, without changing the passage length.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell.    metal plate (14)    oxidizer gas flow passage (32)    inlet buffer (34)    outlet buffer (36)    grooves (38a-38c)    turned portions (T1,T2)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (100) comprises three ejectors (5,7,9) with difference in specification connected in parallel between hydrogen storage unit (3) and fuel cell (1); and shut-off mechanisms (13,15,19,21,25,27) connected at ejectors. The ejectors allow excess hydrogen, discharged from fuel cell to pass through flow passage (37,39,41) to be recirculated to the fuel cell.    USE - To comply with increase in a hydrogen inlet port rate by recirculating hydrogen supply to the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system does not contain switch over mechanism and back-flow protection mechanism, which avoids the complexity in structure regardless of pressure, temperature, flow rate and stoichiometric ratio associated with hydrogen electrode of the fuel cell. The shut off mechanism selectively shuts off hydrogen communication through at least one of the three ejectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an ejector unit for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structural view of fuel cell system.    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen storage unit (3)    three ejectors (5,7,9)    shut off mechanism (13,15,19,21,25,27)    flow passage. (37,39,41)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen production comprises performing a pulse discharge in a raw material gas containing gaseous alcohol and steam to induce a reaction.    USE - Hydrogen is used in the synthesis of ammonia, methanol etc., hydrodesulfurization, hydrocracking, semiconductor manufacture, reaction materials for fuel cells, fuel for vehicles etc.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen can be produced at lower temperatures, under normal pressures, in improved yield and in enhanced efficiency. Costs are reduced compared to previous methods. The method is free from deposition of carbon and the formation of a by-product such as acetylene.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen production device which comprises a reactor, an electrode in the reactor, a direct current power source which applies a voltage to the electrode, and an outlet which discharges hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen production device.    Production device (1)    Reactor (10)    Electrode (11, 12)    Discharge region (13)    Power source (14)    Digital oscilloscope (15)    Three-way opening (16)    Supply port (17)    Quartz wool (18)    Tube (19)    Preheater (20)    Steam supply pipe (21)    Thermocouple (22)    Three-way opening (23, 25, 27)    Alcohol supply pipe (24)    Conductor (26)    Exhaust port (28)
NOVELTY - The power generation system has a first module (2) for preparing and dosing gases supplied to the fuel cell and a second module (4) containing the fuel cell, mechanically coupled together for feeding the fuel cell gases and the reaction gases in opposite directions and for supplying a coolant to the fuel cell, with electrical coupling elements used for transfer of measured values from sensors. The modules are contained in a common housing, inserted in a hollow space which is accessible from underneath the vehicle, with a current distribution module (15), for supplying the electrical loads onboard the vehicle, attached to the rear wall (16) of the housing.    USE - The power generation system is used for an electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Simple installation of housing containing gas preparation module and fuel cell module in vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a method for installation of an electrical power generation system in an electric vehicle is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a power generation module for an electric vehicle.    Gas preparation module (2)    Fuel cell module (4)    Current distribution module (15)    Housing rear wall (16)    Fixings for securing to vehicle (21,22)
NOVELTY - A chemical reactor comprises a first reaction section having a first flow path and causing a first reaction in the flow path, a heating section for heating the first reaction section, and a second reaction section having a second flow path and causing a second reaction in the flow path by heat of the heating section transmitted via the first reaction section.    USE - For use in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The chemical reactor is simple, small and compact. The flow paths of the reactor allow different chemical reactions to take place so that chemical reactions are efficiently done continuously in the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system comprising a chemical reactor having at least two substrates laminated on each other, a first reaction section which has a first flow path between the substrates, a heating section, and a second reaction section which has a second flow path between the substrates. A second reaction in the second flow path is at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the first reaction is caused using the heating section. A fuel cell generates electricity with the use of a fuel reformed by the chemical reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a transmitted plan view of a part corresponding to a first substrate.    Substrate (12)    Vaporization reaction section (41)    Carbon monoxide elimination section (43)    Grooves (57-59)
NOVELTY - Reactant supply cartridge comprises: first reactant reservoir; second reactant reservoir; and effluent reservoir. First and second reactant reservoirs occupy first and second volumes when filled with first and second reactants respectively. Effluent reservoir occupies, when filled with effluent produced by fuel cell system, portion of first and/or second volumes.    USE - For use with closed liquid feed fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The cartridge provides fuel cell systems with improved fuel and oxidant flow regimes. It enables better utilization of fuel cell system's supply or reactants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a closed liquid feed fuel cell system (312) comprising: housing structure that retains electrode pair assemblies, where each electrode pair assembly comprises anode with cathode, and detachable cartridge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified process flow diagram of a closed liquid feed fuel cell system.    Closed liquid feed fuel cell system (312)
NOVELTY - An aeration apparatus (10) comprising a mixing vessel, drive assembly (22) that includes a drive shaft (20), an aerator (18) connected to the drive shaft, and a diffuser (24) that disperses gas disposed within the mixing vessel, is new.    USE - Used in waste treatment plants for introducing oxygen into wastewater or in bio-reaction processes where the dispersion of air and/or oxygen is desired.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides efficient dispersion or transfer of air and/or other gas into liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for aerating a liquid in a mixing vessel by agitating the liquid using a surface aerator and dispersing gas and/or air into the liquid using a diffuser disposed within the mixing vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic side view of the aeration.    Aeration apparatus (10)    Aeration basin (12)    Aerator (18)    Shaft (20)    Drive assembly (22)    Diffuser (24)
NOVELTY - The air and fuel turnaround manifolds (22,17) direct the air and fuel reactant gas, so that the reactant gases entering through respective inlets (21,16) flow through the respective flow fields of the fuel cell and exit through the respective exit manifolds (23,18). The humidity and heat are transferred from the reactant gases extracted from the respective flow fields to the reactant gases entering the inlet.    USE - Proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack assembly.    ADVANTAGE - Improves humidification of reactant gases in the fuel cell stack, without increasing parasitic power. Reduces the pressure drop of the reactant gases flow fields. Ensures saturation of reactant gases relative to inlet temperature of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) air reactant gas humidification method; and    (2) fuel reactant gas humidification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified schematic view of the inlet, outlet and turnaround manifolds of the reactant gases of the fuel cell.    fuel inlet manifold (16)    fuel turnaround manifold (17)    fuel exit manifold (18)    air inlet manifold (21)    air turnaround manifold (22)    air exit manifold (23)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a fuel cell (102) including a surface that supports an anode (106) and a cathode (108). A reactant distribution structure is formed on the surface of the fuel cell.    USE - For fabricating fuel cell assembly (claimed) e.g. for solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and proton exchange membrane (PEM) in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reactant distribution structure is formed directly on the fuel cell surface, hence alignment accuracy is improved, so that likelihood of fuel and oxidant mixing is reduced, thereby improving efficiency of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell assembly; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (102)    anode (106)    cathode (108)    electrolytic substrate (110)    connector channel (118)
NOVELTY - A fuel feed unit comprises a pressure impulse injection device (5) and a fuel heater (6) for preheating the fuel before injection. An air-fuel vapor mixture formation area comprises a swirl chamber into which a nozzle (10) connected to the injection device, and discharges fuel vapor. An air feed path having an air heater (7) supplies air into the chamber.    USE - For forming mixture of air and vapor of fuel, such as petrol or diesel, for supply to reformer of fuel cell system, or for heater, such as auxiliary heater for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The novel unit forms a very homogeneous mixture, without the occurrence of carbonization, due to the combination of pressure impulse injection device, fuel heater and swirl chamber, Further, it is small and economical to build, and can be well modulated over a wide load range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above mixture formation unit, for the reformer of a fuel cell system.    mixture formation unit (1)    injection device (5)    fuel heater (6)    air heater (7)    nozzle (10)
NOVELTY - A portion of the refrigeration required to liquefy a natural gas (25), is derived from a cryogenic air distillation plant comprising a main heat exchanger (7) and distillation columns (15,17), by isentropic air expansion. Natural gas is liquefied by indirect heat exchange with a cold fluid (26) supplied to the main heat exchanger, partially in liquid form. The fluid undergoes partial vaporization in heat exchanger.    USE - For integrally performing separation of air used to produce pressurized oxygen for methanol plant, gas to liquid technology (GTL) plant, and dimethyl ether/dimethoxyethane (DME) plant fed by natural gas, and for performing liquefaction of natural gas used for electricity generation and production of methanol, ammonia or fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Enables liquefying natural gas in combination with air separation unit with isentropic expansion, without high power consumption. Enables using the cold generated by air separation unit, through isentropic expansion, together with liquid vaporization, to liquefy natural gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for integrated apparatus for separation of air by cryogenic distillation, and liquefaction of natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the apparatus for performing air separation, and liquefaction of natural gas.
NOVELTY - The electronically conductive tapered fuel and oxygen diffusion layers (204,214) allow fuel and oxygen transport through gaseous diffusion, respectively. The diffusion layers have a configuration being thicker from innermost edge to outermost edge or from outermost edge to innermost edge. An impervious hollow planar separator is arranged between tapered side of fuel and oxygen diffusion layers.    USE - Solid-oxide fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Tapered diffusion layers provide greatest cross-sectional area for diffusion of gases where the diffusion mass fluxes are highest, and lower cross-sectional area for diffusion of gases where the diffusion mass fluxes are lowest. Tapered diffusion layers thus require smaller total cell thickness.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of two fuel cells.    fuel cell stack (202)    fuel diffusion layer (204)    fuel electrode (206)    oxygen diffusion layer (214)    separator discs (216a,216b)    fuel chamber (220)    air chamber (222)
NOVELTY - A water treatment apparatus has a shipping-container (20) lined with a liner (26) to form a liner chamber (32), with wall supports e.g. struts or braces and a wall (29) added to the inner side of the shipping-container doors (28) forming an utility room (30). The liner has an inner surface layer (24), which is continuous, unbroken and watertight and supported by the wall supports.    USE - As a water treatment station with the shipping container as a septic treatment tank or as aerobic bubbling aeration tank, aerobic trickle filter tank or as liquid storage tank (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The shipping-container itself is a wastewater treatment tank with rigid, strong structure. The liner may be fragile or flimsy utilizing the container volume efficiently and economically. The wall supports are robust maintaining mechanical support for watertight layer with respect to the container walls. The shipping-container is prepared in a factory, retaining its character to be picked up and transported as an integrated whole unit e.g. on a truck and is ready for use quickly and easily after unloading.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liner chamber acts as a water chamber and occupies more than 40% of the container volume. The liner is prefabricated separately and inserted in the container, or fabricated inside the container with liner panels (27) made of steel or polyethylene sheets, or a sprayed coating of plastic matrix material e.g. dense polyurethane on inner surface of the container wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional area of a shipping-container.    shipping container (20)    inner layer of the liner (24)    liner (26)    steel sheets (27)    container doors (28)    added wall (29)    utility surface (30)    liner chamber. (32)
NOVELTY - A vinylidene fluoride monomer is free radical polymerized by using a 3-5C carbon hydrocarbon as a chain transfer agent, and vinylidene fluoride polymer is obtained.    USE - Free radical polymerization of vinylidene fluoride monomer to form vinylidene fluoride (co)polymer.    ADVANTAGE - A polymer with good color which resists discoloration at elevated temperatures is obtained by using hydrocarbon such as propane as a chain transfer agent in the polymerization process. The propane is 10 times as efficient as chlorofluorocarbon (CFC-11) and 3 times as efficient as ethane. The propane provides highest polymerization rate per initiator consumption at a given degree of polymerization, and is inexpensive and non-hazardous. The amount of hydrocarbon required for the process is less.
NOVELTY - A novel strain, Bacillus licheniformis H-3(KCTC 10273BP), having improved waste organic material-decomposing activity is provided. The strain has rapid growth rate and improved enzyme activity, and maintains it activity for whole fermentation period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A novel strain, Bacillus licheniformis H-3(KCTC 10273BP), is characterized by having improved waste organic material-decomposing activity. It is isolated from compost. A microbial preparation for fermenting waste organic materials is prepared by adsorption of Bacillus licheniformis H-3(KCTC 10273BP) to a growth substrate or storage carrier which is defatted rice bran, diatom or a mixture thereof.
NOVELTY - A photosynthetic bacterium having improved removing capacity of organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus and a method and system for treating sewage and wastewater are provided, thereby cheaply and simultaneously removing organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photosynthetic bacterium Rhodopseudomonas palustris N100 (KCTC 10256BP) having improved removing capacity of organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus is provided. A method for treating sewage and wastewater comprises culturing Rhodopseudomonas palustris N100 (KCTC 10256BP) in a reactor, where Rhodopseudomonas palustris N100 (KCTC 10256BP) occupies 20 to 60 % of the total microorganism concentration in a reactor. A system for treating sewage and wastewater comprises at least one anaerobic tank; at least one intermittent aeration tank where a light is provided and air is supplied at intervals of 30 to 60 minutes; and a precipitation tank where precipitated active sludge is returned to the anaerobic tank and the clean upper layer is discharged.
NOVELTY - Preparing a microbial preparation having excellent decomposability of bad-smelling gas and organic matters and a synthetic medium suitable for preparing the same are provided, where the microbial preparation can actively grow in and remove bad smell from the excretion of livestock.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for preparing microbial preparation having excellent decomposability of bad-smelling gas and organic matters comprises the steps of: (a) collecting a sample containing high concentration of organic matters and microorganisms from the soil, excretion or humus; (b) culturing the sample in a synthetic medium to obtain a first cultured medium actively growing in the presence of high concentration of organic matters; (c) immobilizing the cultured medium to a carrier; and (d) mixing the cultured medium-carrier with amino acids and nutrition salt and drying the mixture to water content of 10% or less, wherein the synthetic medium contains 4.17g of glucose, 1.08g of ammonium sulfate, 0.37g of K2HPO4, 0.22g of urea, 0.17g of peptone, and 0.23g of sodium thiosulfate.
NOVELTY - An alkali bark, comprises alkali composition blended with bark manure having a pH of greater than 7.5.    USE - As support for alkali microorganisms useful as soil improving material, material for human/livestock forming disposal, foodstuff group waste material, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The alkali bark is high safe. The industrial waste materials are effectively recycled to manufacture alkali bark at low cost in mass production. The proliferation of alkali microorganism is effectively promoted using the alkali bark. The contamination of microorganism is prevented by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an alkali composition that contains carbide containing incinerated ash (oxide) and sodium ion (Na+). The incinerated ash is obtained from paper manufacture sludge and foul/livestock excrements. The carbide is selected from paper manufacture sludge carbide, timber carbide and chaff carbide; and    (2) production of alkali microorganism supporting alkali bark which involves deposition bark, compost-fermenting bark with various microorganism, collecting by products such as fermented product, decomposed fermented product and microorganism enzyme, blending alkali composition to the composted bark, so that the pH become greater than 7.5, supporting heat resistant microorganisms in the composted bark and accelerating the proliferation of microorganism.
NOVELTY - A processing method for organic refuse involves adding used paper (2) to organic refuse, human feces and/or livestock dung (1), adding water (4) and grinding, mixing ground material (5) with thickened sludge and clay (6) obtained in the manufacturing process of ballast plant, stirring with air (9), coagulant (10) and/or starch, and draining the mixture to obtain artificial soil (13) with predetermined viscosity.    USE - For manufacturing artificial soil useful as improvement soil of cultivated land and population soil useful as spray material for slope-face (claimed) in civil work, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, reliable, cost effective and conveniently manufactures artificial soil. The method suppresses the bad smell at the time of processing of organic refuse and does not cause environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of organic refuse processing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    organic refuse, human feces and/or livestock dung (1)    used paper (2)    water (4)    ground material (5)    thickened sludge and clay (6)    air (9)    coagulant (10)    artificial soil (13)
NOVELTY - Nitrogen and hydrogen are mixed and used as supply source of fuel cell oriented hydrogen. Hydrogen concentration is adjusted to 7-50% of full capacity in capacitance ratio, and then supplied to each hydrogen station with conduit (E). Hydrogen and nitrogen are separated, and filled in storage apparatus of movable type fuel cell (C). Thus, only hydrogen is stored and consumed for fuel cells.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to movable type fuel cell and stationary type fuel cell, and for construction of hydrogen station nationwide.    ADVANTAGE - The supply method of fuel cell oriented hydrogen is safe, without reducing transport efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a profile of a hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (6)    Heating gas supply factory (A)    Movable type fuel cell (C)    Stationary type fuel cell (D)    Fuel gas conduit (E)
NOVELTY - Liquid manure is manufactured using treated water (as main component), which is obtained by processing high concentration organic wastewater (raw material) with batch-type activated sludge.    USE - For manufacturing liquid manure or soil improvement material containing mixture of treated water and activated sludge (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables inexpensive processing of organic wastewater and recycling of organic wastewater to liquid manure and soil improving material. The treated water and activated sludge obtained by the method contains nutrients of plant abundantly and do not substantially contain heavy metal and chemicals harmful to the environment, and is suitable for utilization in farmland.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) liquid manure or soil improving material obtained by the method; and    (2) soil stabilization method.
NOVELTY - A flexible bag (1a) made of air permeable material, stores heat-resistant microbes (9) and material (10) for processing organic waste. The bag is retained by a holder (3) and inserted into a storage container (4) which is then rotated by a rotating unit, so as mix the microbe and processing material.    USE - The apparatus is useful for producing fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer is produced efficiently using less man power and energy, and simple and convenient apparatus which requires less maintenance cost. Prevents generation of bad smell, by using paint mixed with charcoal. Improves processing capacity of the apparatus by supplying air smoothly and enables easy exchange of the bag.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The insertion and discharge port (1b) of the bag, are pressed against the upper portion ends of the holder, by the lid (4a) in container, so as to seal them. A paint mixed with charcoal, is coated on inner or inner and outer surface of bag or container. The bag retains powder-form fruit, fruit skin, seed, inner endosperms and outer endosperms. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste material processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front sectional view of the organic waste material processing apparatus.    Bag (1a)    Insertion and discharge port (1b)    Holder (3)    Container (4)    Lid (4a)    Microbes (9)    Waste processing material (10)
NOVELTY - The dividing wall (1) is provided parallel to main flow paths (3a) formed between metal layers (6) formed on main surface (5a) of flat support (4). A transmissive fluid flow path (3c) is provided between metal layers, such that the dividing wall in flow path (3c) opposes another main surface (5b) of support. The fluid flowing from main flow path passes through metal layers and the flow path (3c).    USE - For separation of fluids such as waste gas, carbon dioxide from natural gas (methane), perfluoro carbon (PFC) in semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, noble gas recovery equipment used for exposure apparatus, and also in water treatment plant, desalination plant, foodstuff industry, medical device and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The flow of fluid through the transmissive fluid flow path and the mechanical strength of filter are increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid separation module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of fluid separation filter.    dividing wall (1)    main flow path (3a)    transmissive fluid flow path (3c)    flat support (4)    support main surfaces (5a,5b)    metal layer (6)
NOVELTY - A rotary drum (B) which rotates in forward/reverse direction, has a stationary blade and stirring blade (E), at upper and lower portions, respectively. The blades are supported between ends of drum, by corresponding bearings. The stirring blade is rotated to transfer the organic waste at lower portion, from one end to other end of drum and vice versa.    USE - The apparatus is useful for producing fertilizer and livestock feed, by decomposing organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - Fermentation of organic waste, is performed stably and efficiently within a short time, by a durable, simple and cheap machine which requires easy maintenance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The drum has organic waste supply unit and fermented product outlet. The stirring blade consists of a rotary shaft (40) and a moving blade formed by attaching several connection pieces (42) to the shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially notched front view of the fermentation and stirring apparatus.    Opening (11)    Push-up window board (12)    Ventilation holes (13)    Arm (31)    Rotary shaft (40)    Connection pieces (42)    Rotary drum (B)    Stirring blade (E)
NOVELTY - A rotary drum (B) covered by a packing (G), has a warm air supply unit for drying organic waste. A fermented product outlet and a warm air exhaust unit, are formed at one end (C) of the drum mounted on a stand (A). The drum has an opening (11) attached with a push-up window board (12) having several ventilation holes (13) and filter.    USE - The machine is useful for producing livestock feed and fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Fermentation of organic waste, is performed stably and efficiently within a short time, by a durable, simple and cheap machine which requires easy maintenance and having improved economical efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic waste supply unit (30) is formed at other end of the drum with stirring blade rotated with drum. Specific or whole amount of the exhausted warm air, is recirculated into the warm air supply unit, by a switching unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially notched front view of the fermentation and drying machine.    Opening (11)    Push-up window board (12)    Ventilation holes (13)    Organic waste supply unit (30)    Arm (31)    Mounting stand (A)    Rotary drum (B)    Edge (C)    Packing (G)
NOVELTY - A fat/oil decomposing agent comprising humus containing fat-splitting microbe such as Bacillus bacteria or heterotrophic bacteria, is new.    USE - The composition is used for treating oil-containing waste water e.g. drainage treatment, and for processing oil adsorbed waste material such as peat-moss, wheat bran, wheat rice bran, soybean dreg, rapeseed dreg, cottonseed dreg and sesame dreg.    ADVANTAGE - By utilizing humus with fat-splitting microbes, fat and oil removal can be advanced smoothly and efficiently. By using the decomposing agent, the oil can be decomposed efficiently regardless of whether the oil is petroleum group or plant group edible oil. When used with an oil separator, the required volume of oil decomposition tank is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a fat/oil decomposing agent manufacturing method; and    (2) a fat/oil decomposing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a graph showing relationship between the normal-hexane rejection at the time of using the fat/oil decomposing agent, and residence time. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The wastewater in an aerator (14) is stirred to generate super fine air bubbles with a diameter of 100 micrometers, for activating sludging of the organic substance contained in the waste water.    USE - The method is used for sludging organic substance contained in wastewater, in sewage treatment system.    ADVANTAGE - Aeration efficiency is improved even when small-sized aerator is used hence, economization of power consumption is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for aeration apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the aerator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Aerator (14)    Inflow port (14-1)    Discharge port (14-2)    Stirrer (18)    Pressurization water pump (22)
NOVELTY - A microbial culture medium comprises aqueous solution containing acetic acid or lactic acid, and mineral salt as main components.    USE - For isolating organic acid utilizing microbes useful in reset method for decomposing organic substance in treatment tank after performing fermentation decompose-treatment of organic refuse (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The culture medium enables to cultivate and isolate organic acid utilizing microbes more efficiently and easily. The organic acid utilizing microbes have excellent organic substance decomposing effect, hence utilized effectively in reset method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) organic acid utilizing microbes, which are isolated using the culture medium; and    (2) reset method, which involves adding organic acid utilizing microbes to organic refuse (which is rancid with the organic acid generated in treatment tank), raising pH of organic refuse, further adding the organic substance-decomposing microbes to the organic refuse and raising the pH.
NOVELTY - A mulch material of vegetation soil comprising a blend of livestock excrement compost and soil.    USE - The material is useful for suppressing weeds and for promoting growth of agricultural products e.g. flowers in field land, home, green belt of park or road, and vegetation ground of garden tree.    ADVANTAGE - The mulch material of vegetation soil is effective in preventing the growth of weeds and in promoting growth of agricultural products. The mulch material is cost effective, eco-friendly and contributes to effective processing of livestock excrements including cattle feces, plant waste material, tree chip and sawdust.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart representing manufacturing method of mulch material of the vegetation soil. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A gas turbine (T) is operated by expanding gas from a combustor which combusts fuel and oxygen exhausted from a fuel cell which receives compressed air from a compressor. The system has control equipment to regulate concentration of oxygen and steam relative to fuel supplied to fuel cell (1).    USE - For combined power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables optimum performance of fuel cell as oxygen and steam concentration is controlled relative to fuel supply amount into the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) gas turbine power generation equipment; and    (2) combined power generation equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of fluid supply system.    fuel cell (1)    compressor (C)    steam (St)    turbine (T)    oxygen (O2)
NOVELTY - The attachment structure has a mounting material (13) through which the cathode pressure control valve (10) is attached to the humidifier (5). The pressure control valve controls pressure of the reactive gas supplied to the fuel cell.    USE - For attaching cathode pressure control valve in fuel cell system used in electric vehicle such as electric car.    ADVANTAGE - Uses simple mounting structure of pressure control valve, thereby improving pressure responsiveness of the reactive gas supplied to fuel cell while reducing noise generation by humidifier vibration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the attachment structure of cathode pressure control valve.    fuel cell system box (2)    humidifier (5)    cathode pressure control valve (10)    butterfly valve (11)    flange (12)    mounting material (13)
NOVELTY - The combustion air is supplied to the burner of the modifier. The combustion air is ignited and heating gas is supplied, simultaneously. The supply of the heating gas is stopped and the process is repeated until the heating gas is ignited, when it is determined that heating gas has not been ignited.    USE - For igniting heating gas for combustion supplied to burner of modifier for fuel cell of fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliable ignition of the burner, even if the burner was not used for a long time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart explaining operation of the control apparatus of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A pump (P1) pumps the water from a water tank (2) to a cartridge (3) sealed with silicon powder (30) through a path (C1). A gas liquid separation apparatus (5) and a hydrogen permeable film (6) collect the hydrogen produced in the cartridge (3). A silicon oxide removal unit (F2) removes the silicon oxide produced in the cartridge.    USE - Hydrogen generator for motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced reliably and efficiently, without the need of special equipment. Energy consumption is reduced reliably, thereby cost reduction is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) motor vehicle; and    (2) cartridge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    water tank (2)    cartridge (3)    heat source (4)    gas liquid separation apparatus (5)    hydrogen permeable film (6)    silicon powder(C-1) path (30)    silicon oxide removal unit (F2)    pump (P1)
NOVELTY - The modified gas exchanges heat with gas mixture in a main heat exchanger (34), for heating water vapor and cooling gas to activating temperature of modification and reaction catalysts, respectively. Carbon monoxide and water vapor in modified gas, are converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas, in a reactor (40). The remaining carbon monoxide is made to react with air, in presence of oxidizing catalyst.    USE - For modifying fuel and converting it into hydrogen gas to be used by fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Increases efficiency of the modifier, by utilizing the heat energy effectively. The temperature of oxidizing section is controlled correctly and the gas and gas mixture are maintained at required temperatures reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of modified gas is reduced to activating temperature of oxidizing catalyst, by an auxiliary heat exchanger (70) between an evaporator (35) and the main heat exchanger. A mixing unit (71) is arranged between the main and auxiliary heat exchangers. When the temperature of the reactor, measured by a detector (72), is lower than a low temperature threshold value, then modification water quantity is decreased. The amount of air supplied to the oxidizing section, is increased by a controller (73), when the temperature of the reactor, is higher than a high temperature threshold value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (10)    modifier (20)    modification section (30)    main heat exchanger (34)    evaporator (35)    combustor (36)    reactor (40)    oxidizing section (60)    auxiliary heat exchanger (70)    mixing unit (71)    detector (72)    controller (73)
NOVELTY - The culture solution for cultivating phytoplankton as biomass raw material, is filled in a cultivation unit (10). A methane fermentation unit (12) converts the biomass raw material into methane as energy source. A power generator (13) generates electric power by burning the methane. A carbon dioxide recovery unit (14) returns the carbon dioxide produced during power generation, to the cultivation unit.    USE - For generating electric power using phytoplankton such as unicellular algae, and also using agricultural waste material, bagasse of timber, maize, sugarcane, pine, Japanese cedar wood, eucalyptus, livestock excrement, foodstuff waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The energy recovery efficiency is improved using simple recovery system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The upper surface of the cultivation unit is covered by a transparent cover to prevent permeation of ultraviolet rays and outer air. The nutrient component produced during power generation is returned to the cultivation unit. A biomass raw material recovery unit (11), concentrates and collects the biomass raw material.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for circulation type biomass energy collection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the circulation type biomass energy recovery system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cultivation unit (10)    biomass raw material recovery unit (11)    methane fermentation unit (12)    power generation unit (13)    carbon dioxide recovery unit (14)    nutrient component recovery unit (15)
NOVELTY - Degrading polyvinyl alcohol by contacting bacterial cells of the Sphingomonas genus, or their cell components, with polyvinyl alcohol, is new.    USE - The method is useful for degrading polyvinyl alcohol, especially in waste water, drainage fluid, or soil (claimed). The method is also useful in compost processing.    ADVANTAGE - Polyvinyl alcohol present in waste water, drainage, soil, etc., is efficiently degraded.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) purifying waste water, drainage fluid, or soil by contacting bacterial cells belonging to the Sphingomonas genus, or their cell component, with the waste material containing polyvinyl alcohol; and    (2) polyvinyl alcohol degrading bacteria S. capsulata UP-3 (FERM-P18699).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the polyvinyl alcohol degrading activity of Sphingomonas capsulata UP-3 strain. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A cooling apparatus comprises a fluid reservoir for containing a vaporizable fluid having a first part inside a cavity in fluid communication with a second part located outside cavity. Fluid in first part absorbs thermal energy and vaporizes and moves into the cooler second part. Condensation of vapor occurs and fluid returns to the first part to transfer thermal energy from the inside of the cavity to the outside.    USE - For cooling a subterranean cavity (17), preferably a railway tunnel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention cools an underground cavity in an energy-efficient manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cooling apparatus (10) comprises a fluid reservoir for containing a vaporizable fluid (35) having a first part inside a cavity and a second part in fluid communication with first part and located outside cavity. Fluid in first part absorbs thermal energy and vaporizes and moves into the cooler second part. Condensation of vapor occurs and fluid returns to the first part to transfer thermal energy from the inside of the cavity to the outside.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a cooling apparatus installed within a tunnel.    Cooling apparatus (10)    Subterranean cavity (17)    First part (20)    Fins (22)    Flange (23)    Second part (25)    Vaporizable fluid (35)
NOVELTY - The procedure consists of fitting the drain pipe with a branch comprising a Y- or T-shaped coupling with its lower end closed to form a vertical chamber. The chamber is partially filled with an active cleansing/purification product, so that part of each fresh flow of waste water becomes a solution of the cleansing product to treat the subsequent flow. The cleansing product can contain bacteria and/or enzymes that break down organic waste - e.g. lipases, cellulases, proteases or amylases, cleaning and/or descaling agents, and/or perfumes. It can be in the form of a solid gel and contained, for example, in a branch pipe end cap used to replace an empty one.    USE - Cleansing and purification of waste water from a domestic installation.    ADVANTAGE - The product treats successive flows of waste water, making it more efficient and longer lasting.
NOVELTY - The procedure uses earthworms Eisenia foetida or similar to compost organic materials in stackable containers (6), each having a lid (1) and a micro-porous liner (4), especially of terracotta. The liner is in four sections (4') set parallel to the container walls with a space between. The container walls have upper and lower ventilation holes (7, 8), and each container has an inner grille (2) with handles (3) to separate the earthworms from the organic material.    USE - Production of compost for use as fertilizer by individuals, organizations or industry.    ADVANTAGE - The containers allow compost to be made from organic materials all the year round, with the micro-porous liners allowing for gas and moisture exchange, and the surrounding space allowing the worms to rest there temporarily in the event of unfavorable conditions in the organic material. The ventilation holes make for a significant reduction in liquid leachate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of the composting apparatus.    Lid (1)    Grille (2)    Handles (3)    Microporous liner (4)    Liner section (4')    Container (6)    Ventilation holes (7, 8)
NOVELTY - The feeding of oxidizing agent and fuel gas into the respective cathode (33) and anode (32), are continued for a predetermined time period, after the fuel cell and a load (306) are disconnected. The feeding of the oxidizing agent and fuel gas is stopped, so as to control the operation of the fuel cell, such that the cell voltage exceeds a threshold voltage of 0.9V for less than 10 minutes.    USE - For operation of polyelectrolyte type fuel cell used in membrane electrode assembly (MEA).    ADVANTAGE - Enables suppressing degradation of fuel cell caused by start and stop of the fuel cell. Improves durability of the fuel cell and a power generation system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell.    cells (31)    anode (32)    cathode (33)    fuel cell stack (301)    fuel gas control unit (302)    load (306)
NOVELTY - A solid oxide fuel cell includes a fuel electrode, electrolyte, and air electrode. Its four sides or opposite two sides of corners are bent in an inverted U shape to form gas channels in inner side and/or outer side.    USE - Used as solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solid oxide fuel cell uses lower cost separating plate. It enhances the temperature creep resistance in the fuel electrode or air electrode, thus enhancing a life span of the single cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of the single cell (no label).
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a reformer for converting an educt gas, a catalyst stage , and a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is connected to a water feeding unit which is placed under high pressure to guarantee a liquid aggregate state of the water in the stationary operation within and at the outlet of the heat exchanger on the reformer side.    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The device can be easily operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a reformer (1) for converting an educt gas, e.g. hydrocarbon gas and water vapor, into hydrogen gas and further reformer products such as a product gas containing carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide, a catalyst stage (2) for reducing the amount of carbon monoxide in the product gas, and a heat exchanger (3) arranged between the reformer and the catalyst stage. The heat exchanger is connected to a water feeding unit (5) which is placed under high pressure to guarantee a liquid aggregate state of the water in the stationary operation within and at the outlet of the heat exchanger on the reformer side. A unit for relieving pressure to vaporize the water is arranged between the heat exchanger and the educt inlet (4) in the reformer.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for producing hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    reformer (1)    catalyst stage (2)    heat exchanger (3)    educt inlet (4)    water feeding unit (5)    expansion valve (6)    water pipe connection (10)
NOVELTY - A support for an exhaust gas purification catalyst, comprises a porous catalyst base material and a metal oxide support layer coated on the inner surface of the pores of the base material. The surface of the metal oxide support layer has mesh-like cracks. The metal oxide support layer has a porous layer having an average pore diameter of at least10 nm.    USE - For an exhaust gas purification catalyst for purifying components contained in exhaust gas discharged from an internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - The invention facilitates easier distribution and diffusion of exhaust gas, has higher contact efficiency with exhaust gas, and has superior exhaust gas purification performance and durability. It also has superior gas ventilation and diffusivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a production method of the inventive support for an exhaust gas purification catalyst, comprising impregnating a solution of an acidic metal salt inside the porous catalyst base material followed by reacting with an alkaline solution and firing to form the metal oxide support layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an electron micrograph of a portion of the cross-section of a support.
NOVELTY - The fuel injector (1) has a fuel inlet (31) supplying fuel to a nozzle (32). After traversing a diffuser (33) the fuel passes to a reformer through outlet (34). A chamber (37) is formed between the nozzle and diffuser which has an intake pipe (35). A slide valve (36) is fitted in the entrance to the diffuser, by the aid of which fuel can be diverted to the cell burner, or anode exhaust gas fed into the chamber through the intake pipe.    USE - To control selectively the admission of fuel and anode exhaust gas to reformer and burner.    ADVANTAGE - By integrating the valve in the injector the space required to accommodate the cell and manufacturing costs are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section through a fuel injector to the present invention.    fuel inlet (31)    nozzle (32)    diffuser (33)    outlet (34)    intake pipe (35)    slide valve (36)    chamber. (37)
NOVELTY - A process for preparing granular fertilizer from sludge includes such steps as mixing, fermenting and baking. Its advantages are low cost and no environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - A process for reclaiming the organic waste includes such steps as mixing it with hot water, pulverizing, removing impurities to obtain a suspended substance at 36-37 deg.C, wet-type anaerobic fermenting for 15-20 days to obtain humus and marsh gas, using humus to prepare fertilizer, and using marsh to generate electricity.
NOVELTY - The composite organic substrate for the soilless culture of vegetables, stapling, melon, fruit tree, etc is prepared from the residual dregs and one of shavings, saw dust and peat, all of which are the waste generated after culturing mushrooms, through fermenting and proportional mixing. Its advantages are low cost, and high yield of crops.
NOVELTY - A process for treating the sewage generated by rinsing polyvinyl alcohol includes such steps as naturalizing and culturing the bacteria able to decompose polyvinyl alcohol, anaerobic biological treatment, aerobic biological treatment and physiochemical treatment, and the treated bacteria removing the organic substances contained in the sewage. Its advantages are high effect and low cost.
NOVELTY - A method for producing methane gas from organic waste, which comprises decreasing the molecular weight of the organic waste by using water, supercritical water or subcritical water, and subjecting the resulting waste to methane fermentation.    USE - Producing useful substances such as methane gas from organic water such as sludge. The methane gas may be used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows production of methane gas from organic waste rapidly and with a high digestion yield of carbon atoms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of an apparatus for producing methane from organic waste.    Raw material tank (1)    High pressure pump (2)    Heater (3)    Reaction vessel with subcritical water (4)    Valve (5)    Middle tank (6)    Pump (7)    Fermentation vessel (8)    Gas holder (9)
NOVELTY - Preparation (P1) of synthesis gas involves gasifying a carbonaceous feedstock to form raw synthesis gas containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide and methane; and partially oxidizing the raw synthesis gas to form an upgraded synthesis gas with less methane and more hydrogen and carbon monoxide than raw synthesis gas.    USE - Preparation of gas substantially free of heavier hydrocarbons and solids (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The upgraded synthesis gas is substantially free of heavier hydrocarbons (e.g. tars) and solids, obviating the need to quench the raw synthesis gas with water to get rid of the heavier hydrocarbons and solids. The high-pressure gas stream is used in gasification stage and/or in the water-gas shift reaction stage, obviating the need to generate or supply additional high-pressure steam.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation (P2) of a gas-derived product involving production of a synthesis gas; and converting the synthesis gas to synthesis gas-derived product.
NOVELTY - Water treatment comprises adding a solution containing a microbiotic mixed culture to water in a catalytically active environment.    USE - The process is useful for treating waste water, especially pump sump water and water in clarifying units (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - No chemicals are used and equipment costs are low.
NOVELTY - Spray openings (3) are directed radially with respect to the nozzle body (2) central axis (10), and positioned at staged heights (4). They connect with the channel (14) of a nozzle insert (5), which includes passages (11).    USE - A fuel atomization nozzle for a vehicular reformer reactor producing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel vaporization is optimized. It is achieved in a small, rapidly-heating chamber. Operational behavior is improved because e.g. contact between fuel and sensors can be avoided. Sectional construction of the atomization nozzle, facilitates very good matching between spray cloud geometry and conditions in the metering chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The body (2) is hollow-cylindrical and includes nozzle inserts (5). The inserts have internal or external threads (17, 18) on their upstream- or downstream sides. These are screwed into the nozzle body (2) and/or to another insert, making a hydraulic seal. Alternatively the insert is pressed, adhered and/or welded, especially laser-welded, to make the seal. In the nozzle body, between the first stage of height (4.1) and the dosing opening (6) a gas supply opening (7) is located. Following the final stage of height (4.8) there are further axial spray openings (3). The central axis of the passage (11) is parallel to that of the nozzle body. Inserts may have rectangular cross sections. The passage (11) is rectangular or trapezoidal. It has at least two identical cross sections, especially in stepped-bore configuration. The nozzle body has wall thickness-reducing sections along its axial extent, located near the height stages (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A cross section of the nozzle assembly is presented.    Nozzle body (2)    Spray openings (3)    Central axis (10)    Staged heights (4)    Channel (14)    Nozzle insert (5)    Passages (11)    Internal or external threads (17, 18)    Dosing opening (6)    Gas supply opening (7)    Further axial spray openings (3)
NOVELTY - Reforming an alcohol involves contacting a feed gas mixture comprising an alcohol with a reforming catalyst comprising copper at the surface of a metal sponge supporting structure to produce a reforming product mixture comprising hydrogen.    USE - To produce a reforming product mixture comprising hydrogen, which is useful as a fuel source for a fuel cell to generate electric power for driving vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method uses a catalyst system having a higher density than prior at alcohol reforming catalysts; provides better thermal conductivity for supporting the endothermic reaction; uses a catalyst without acid sites, having high activity and increased stability for the conversion of acetaldehyde to methane and carbon monoxide at moderate temperature; and allows a simplified power system requiring fewer costly hydrogen fuel cell units and provides improved energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for producing (P2) electric power from a fuel cell involving, contacting a feed gas mixture comprising ethanol with a dehydrogenation catalyst in a dehydrogenation reaction zone to produce a product mixture comprising hydrogen. The dehydrogenation catalyst comprises copper at the surface of the metal supporting structure; introducing hydrogen from the product mixture and oxygen into a fuel cell to produce electric power and a fuel cell effluent comprising methane; introducing the fuel cell effluent and oxygen into a combustion chamber; and combusting the fuel cell effluent in the combustion chamber.
NOVELTY - A mousse-forming personal care composition (c1) packaged in an aluminum container comprises an aqueous base (a1) (wt.%) (80 - 95) comprising water (at least 30, preferably at least 49, especially at least 50); and propellant (b1) (2 - 20). (a1) comprises chloride ions (at most 0.16) and the pH of (a1) is 5 - 8. The aluminum container has an inner surface coating of a cured thermosetting resin.    USE - As personal care composition; for topical application to the hair; and for hair care.    ADVANTAGE - The composition allows storage under extreme conditions without corrosion to the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of (c1) involving    (1) charging the aluminum container with (a1);    (2) sealing the container; and    (3) adding (b1) through a valve.
NOVELTY - A metallic mesoporous transition metal oxide molecular sieve comprises at least50 molar % transition metal oxide from titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide and/or tantalum oxide; and transition metal and/or lanthanide metal deposited in pores of the mesoporous transition metal oxide molecular sieve.    USE - The molecular sieve is used as solid electrolyte, hydrogen storage mechanism and as catalyst. The catalyst is used for catalytic cracking of petroleum feedstocks, hydrocarbon reforming, photocatalytic degradation of organic halides, nitrogen oxides decomposition, methane oxidation, olefin reduction, hydroformylation, alkylation, hydrosulfurization, solid acid catalysis or nitrogen activation and for producing ammonia. (all claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The invented molecular sieve has high electrical conductivity.
NOVELTY - An oxidizer gas passage formed in a cathode side bipolar plate (4) comprises a comb tooth-form gas passages communicating with an oxidizer gas supply port through an upstream side gas passage, and an oxidizer gas discharge port.    USE - Polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to humidity the electrolyte membrane even in low humidity state by providing oxidizer gas plate cathode side bipolar plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell.    cooling water plate (2)    cathode side bipolar plate (4)    electrolyte membrane assembly (6)    gas diffusion layer (7)    anode side bipolar plate (8)
NOVELTY - A heater which is in thermal communication with a fuel containing substance (106) heats the fuel containing substance so as to release the fuel.    USE - Fuel cartridge used in conjunction with electrochemical cell device such as fuel cell and battery used in power devices such as notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), digital camera, portable telephone and game.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to store gaseous fuel in non-gaseous state so that it provides increased safety and energy density compared to fuel cartridge that stores fuel in a gaseous state.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrochemical device; and    (2) gaseous fuel supplying method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cartridge.    housing (102)    fuel storage area (104)    fuel containing substance (106)    connector (112)    plate (116)
NOVELTY - Biodegradable polyester homopolymer or copolymer has a molecular weight of 2000-1000000 g/mol and a particle size of 0.01-1000 mum, and does not include a residual harmful solvent.    USE - The biodegradable polyester homopolymer or copolymer is used in various fields, e.g. the medical science, the science of agriculture, and environment.    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not need a stabilizer to omit a process for removing the stabilizer, and thus the preparation of the inventive polymer can be simplified at a low cost. The reaction resulting product does not need washing, and because the solvent used for the reaction can be recycled, its is environment-compatible.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for preparing polyester polymer in a particle form, which comprises adding at least one cyclic monomer in a high pressure reactor, adding an organic metal catalyst or acid catalyst and an initiator, and pressurizing and injecting a compressed gas solvent including hydrofluorocarbon (HFC)-23, HFC-32, HFC-152a, HFC-143a, HFC-134a, HFC-125, HFC-227ea, HFC-236fa, HFC-245fa, HFC-254cb, sulfur hexafluoride, HFC-4-10-mee, C-318 (perfluoro cyclobutane), hydrochlorofluorocarbon (HCFC)-22, HCFC-141b, HCFC-142b, HCFC-225ca/cb, dimethylether, nitrous oxide, propane, butane or their mixture, or their mixture with carbon dioxide, to solution-polymerize the monomer.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises fuel cell and hydrogen gas supply portion (200) supplying fuel cell with hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas supply portion has odorant treatment portion treating odorant in mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant. Odorant treatment portion has function of supplying fuel cell with hydrogen gas by capturing odorant in mixed gas and function of recovering its capturing capacity by decomposing captured odorant.    USE - For removing odorant from mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant.    ADVANTAGE - The invention makes it possible to omit replacement of odorant removal portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a hydrogen gas supply unit comprising odorant treatment portion treating an odorant in a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant;and    (2) controlling the fuel cell system comprises supplying odorant removal portion with mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant, causing the odorant removal portion to capture the odorant contained in the mixed gas, and supplying the fuel cell with the remaining hydrogen gas, determining whether or not an estimated amount of the odorant captured by the odorant removal portion is at least a predetermined amount, and decomposing the odorant captured by the odorant removal portion if it is determined that the estimated amount of the captured odorant is at least the predetermined amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view showing an overall construction of fuel cell system.    Hydrogen gas supply portion (200)    Fuel gas passage (201)    Oxidative gas supply portion (300)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises fuel cell, a fuel gas passage (201) through which a fuel gas containing an odorant and hydrogen gas flows, an oxidative gas passage (301) through which an oxidative gas flows, a fuel off gas passage (202) through which a fuel off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows, an oxidative off gas passage (302) through which an oxidative off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows, and an odorant removal portion.    USE - The invention is used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The invention enlarges a range in which leakage of hydrogen gas can be sensed in the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell; a fuel gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which a fuel gas containing an odorant and hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell flows; an oxidative gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which an oxidative gas supplied to the fuel cell flows; a fuel off gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which a fuel off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows; an oxidative off gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which an oxidative off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows; and an odorant removal portion which removes the odorant from the fuel gas after introduction of the fuel as into the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system.    Passage (121, 122)    Fuel gas passage (201)    Fuel off gas passage (202)    Oxidative gas passage (301)    Oxidative off gas passage (302)
NOVELTY - A multi-purpose functional agricultural mulching paper (1) is manufactured by: (i) providing a papermaking material, (ii) treating the papermaking material to form a cleaned paper pulp, (iii) adding a functional additive into the cleaned paper pulp, and (iv) treating the cleaned paper pulp to form the multi-purpose functional agricultural mulching paper.    USE - The method is used for manufacturing a multi-purpose functional agricultural mulching paper (claimed) for applying in agricultural planting to control weeds, control pests, sow seeds, grow seedlings, supply fertilizer, save fertilizer and save manpower.    ADVANTAGE - The method produced mulching paper with excellent light-blocking ability and natural porous carrier to allow antagonistic microorganisms to be coated on the paper.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a multi-purpose agricultural mulching paper.    Mulching paper (1)    SDS coating (2)    Chemical fertilizer coating (3)    Holes (4)    Fixing layer (5)
NOVELTY - An oxygenate impurity is partially removed from product comprising olefin by converting the oxygenate impurity to compound whose boiling point differs by at least5degreesC from the oxygenate impurity, and separating some of the compound from thee olefin.    USE - Used in the partial removal of oxygenate impurity from product comprising olefin.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is able to provide oxygenate impurity-depleted stream comprising less than 100, preferably less than 50, more preferably less than 10, and most preferably less than 1 mppm dimethyl ether.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The partial removal of oxygenate impurity from product comprising Cx olefin involves converting the oxygenate impurity to compound whose boiling point differs by at least5degreesC from the oxygenate impurity, and separating some of the compound from the olefin. The impurity is consisting of dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, di-n-propyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methylethyl ether, methyl-n-propyl ether, ethylisopropyl ether, or n-propylisopropyl ether.    x = 2-6.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts plot of dimethyl ether conversion (wt.%) versus cumulative grams of dimethyl ether converted/g silver, for dimethyl ether removal via catalytic decomposition.
NOVELTY - Treating wastewater containing organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus using a high efficiency compact reactor with high oxygen transfer rate and keeping high concentration of microorganism, thereby decomposing organic material with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises:    (a) decomposing organic material and deodorizing wastewater in a flow equalization tank;    (b) treating the wastewater using a high efficiency compact reactor (HCR) with high oxygen transfer rate to oxidize and decompose organic material by keeping high concentration of microorganisms;    (c) separating decant water and sludge in a sedimentation tank;    (d) treating sludge in a sludge tank;    (e) dehydrating the sludge in a dehydrator; and    (f) increasing phenolic metabolite of soil microorganisms.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for controlling the concentration of fuel of a fuel cell is provided, to improve the efficiency of a fuel cell and to reduce the consumption amount of water by applying the separated water as humidification water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a fuel electrode stack comprising a fuel electrode, an air electrode and an electrolyte membrane; a fuel supply part comprising a fuel supply pipe and a fuel pump; and an air supply part. The apparatus comprises a fuel tank(120) which is set at the middle of the fuel supply pipe and stores fuel temporarily; and a semipermeable membrane(121) which is set horizontally inside the fuel tank and separates water from the fuel in ionic aqueous solution. The fuel tank has independent entrance(122a) and exit(122b) connected with the fuel supply pipe with a center of the semipermeable membrane, and a drain hole(122c) which is set at the other side of the tank and drains the water separated from fuel.
NOVELTY - A stack structure of a fuel cell is provided, to allow fuel to be distributed uniformly by allowing the fuel to be directly supplied to each unit cell along a flow path without going through manifold.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises the positive electrode of stack where fuel is supplied from a fuel tank and the negative electrode of stack where air is supplied, and obtains the electromotive force by the electrochemical reaction of the fuel and the air, wherein the stack is spiral. The spiral stack comprises a plurality of unit cells(C) comprising an electrolyte membrane(103) adhered along the under face of a spiral bipolar plate(101) to form a flow path(106), a positive electrode(104) adhered to the one side of the electrolyte membrane(103) and a negative electrode(105) to the other side of the electrolyte membrane.
NOVELTY - A cooling/humidifying apparatus for a fuel cell is provided, to allow a generator to be cooled and humidified simultaneously without an additional humidifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a generator(101); a fuel tank(102); a fuel supply line(103) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode entrance of the generator to supply fuel to the generator; a fuel collection line(104) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode exit of the generator to collect the fuel after the reaction at the generator; an air supply line(107) connected with the cathode entrance of the generator to supply air to the generator; and an air discharge line(108) connected with the cathode exit of the generator to discharge the air after the reaction at the generator. The cooling/humidifying apparatus comprises a cooling bath(112) for storing the water cooling the generator; an outer air supply pipe(113) where the air supply line supplied the external air to the cooling bath; and a humidified air supply pipe(114) for supplying the bubbles generated at the heated water to a cathode when the generator is cooled by the air supplied through the outer air supply pipe. Preferably the fuel is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A fuel tank structure of a fuel cell is provided, to maintain the performance to be constant with that of initial operation by allowing the fuel heated to a certain temperature to be supplied to a generator without setting an additional heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a generator; a fuel tank; a fuel supply line(103) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode entrance of the generator to supply fuel to the generator; a fuel collection line(104) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode exit of the generator to collect the fuel after the reaction at the generator; an air supply line(107) connected with the cathode entrance of the generator to supply air to the generator; and an air discharge line(108) connected with the cathode exit of the generator to discharge the air after the reaction at the generator. The fuel tank comprises a water tank(111); a powder tank(112) for storing a powdered fuel; and a mixing tank(113) where the water and the powdered fuel are supplied and mixed just before the electricity is generated at a generator to be supplied to the generator in the heated state. Preferably the powdered fuel is NaOH + NaBH4.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell vehicle and a controlling method thereof are provided to prevent an accident due to the remaining hydrogen by storing the high-pressure hydrogen into a safety tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply system of a fuel cell vehicle includes a hydrogen tank(11), a hydrogen line(13) for connecting the hydrogen tank(11) to a fuel cell(30), a regulator(15), a breaking valve(14), and a control unit(16) for controlling a valve. The hydrogen supply system of the fuel cell vehicle further includes an auxiliary hydrogen line(21), a safety tank(24), a pressure sensor(25), a solenoid valve(22), a check valve(23), and an emergency supply valve(26). The auxiliary hydrogen line(21) is connected between the hydrogen line(13) and the regulator(15). The safety tank(24) is installed on the auxiliary hydrogen line(21). The pressure sensor(25) is used for detecting the internal pressure of the safety tank(24). The solenoid valve(22) is installed on the auxiliary hydrogen line(21). The check valve(23) is installed at an output side of the solenoid valve(22). The emergency supply valve(26) is installed on the auxiliary hydrogen line(21).
NOVELTY - An apparatus for informing the fuel tank exchange time of a fuel cell is provided, to allow the concentration of fuel to be maintained constantly for preventing the deterioration of the efficiency of fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a fuel cell stack(10) comprising a fuel electrode(13), an air electrode(14) and an electrolyte membrane(12) between the two electrodes; a fuel supply part comprising a fuel supply pipe(21) connected in closed loop-like shape for circulating and supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, a detachable fuel tank(22) charged with BH4 in aqueous solution state set in the middle of the fuel supply pipe, a fuel pump(23) for pumping the fuel set the exit part of the fuel tank, and a fuel concentration detector(100); and an air supply part connected with he air electrode for supplying air. Preferably the fuel concentration detector is an electric conductivity sensor for detecting the electric conductivity of fuel and calculating the concentration from the electric conductivity.
NOVELTY - High and low pressure hydrogen lines (2,3) are connected between the heat recovery and heat use containers (1A,1B), (4A,4B) packed with hydrogen occlusion alloy of differing equilibrium. A fuel cell generates electric power by the hydrogen released from the heat recovery container. Respective cooling units cools the containers.    USE - Multifuntional hydrogen infrastructure with hydrogen occlusion alloy, for conveying hydrogen as fuel for fuel cell and for conveying energy.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is supplied to the whole stack of the fuel cell, uniformly and increases the lifetime of the fuel cell stack. The amount of hydrogen in the infrastructure is maintained due to the containers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen is returned to the heat recovery container from the heat use container. The hydrogen occlusion alloy of the heat use container, has higher equilibrium pressure than the alloy in the heat use container. The equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen alloy in the heat recovery container is 0.5 MPaG or more at the time of heat recovery. When pressure of the high pressure hydrogen line is beyond the upper limit, heating of the alloy in the container (1B) is stopped. When the pressure in the high pressure line is below lower limit, the heat recovery container is stopped. Hydrogen is replenished when the pressure low pressure line is below minimum value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the multifunctional hydrogen infrastructure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat recovery containers (1A,1B)    heat use containers (4A,4B)    high and low pressure hydrogen lines (2,3)    fuel cell power generation unit (5)
NOVELTY - The decomposition-resistant substance contained in coating-material wastewater, is decomposed by irradiating wastewater with a microwave. The obtained treated water is supplied to a bioreaction tank, and biological treatment is carried out under aerobic or anaerobic conditions.    USE - For processing coating-material wastewater ejected from painting factories and coating-material manufacturing plants.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method efficiently corresponds to fluctuation of contaminant concentration in wastewater. The decomposition efficiency of organic substance is improved, without danger on operation, such as boiling of wastewater and volatilization of organic solvent. The need for cooling is eliminated. The biological treatment can be carried out by activated sludge method, or by carrier injection type biological-treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a wastewater-treatment flowchart. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    microwave treatment tank (1)    biodegradation tank (2)    diffusion tube (3)    microwave irradiation apparatus (4)
NOVELTY - An aggregate (H1) is formed by aggregation of molecule or atom. The space between molecule or atom in aggregate is temporarily enlarged, and space is filled by gas (G) of occluding material, by adding external energy in the atmosphere, to enable gas occlusion.    USE - For occluding gas, especially hydrogen    ADVANTAGE - The gas occlusion and detachment are simple and stable. The aggregate efficiently absorbs gas particle to the space, and gas occlusion ability is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) gas detachment method which involves reducing pressure of gas of aggregate, enlarging space filled with aggregate containing gas, and detaching gas from space;    (2) gas occlusion detachment method which involves occluding and detaching gas;    (3) gas occlusion apparatus. The apparatus has interior space for storing gas, gas supply unit for supplying gas of occlusion material with respect to gas reservoir, and energy supply unit for adding external energy to gas reservoir. The aggregate capable of occluding gas is accommodated in interior space;    (4) gas occlusion discharging apparatus. The apparatus has interior space for storing gas, gas supply unit for supplying gas of occlusion material to gas reservoir, energy supply unit for adding external energy to gas reservoir, gas discharge unit for discharging gas from gas reservoir to exterior space, and pressure reduction unit for lowering internal pressure of gas reservoir; and    (5) gas reservoir having interior space for storing gas, gas supply portion for supplying gas from outside to interior space, and gas discharge portion for discharging gas from interior space to exterior space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure demonstrates the gas occlusion and gas detachment method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas particle (G)    aggregate (H1)    unit component (H11)
NOVELTY - Horticulture culture soil comprises an animal matter fermentation product.    USE - For raising seedlings (claimed) and roots.    ADVANTAGE - The horticulture culture soil effectively improves the growth of seedlings and roots. The horticulture culture soil is inexpensive and prevents soil diseases such as tomato wilt disease, Chinese-yam brown rot disease and spinach wilt disease.
NOVELTY - The heater (4) heats a reaction chamber to produce reformed gas which is passed to ventilator (5). The ejectors (6,7) are provided to eject reformed gas which heats intake air passed from the ventilator and a firing unit (8) combusts the reformed gas emitted from the ejectors.    USE - For hydrogen manufacturing apparatus of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The ejectors maintains combustion and avoids occurrence of backfire by flame during combustion. Enables to control combustion easily and safely. Ensures smooth ejection of gas by setting angle of ejectors and performs stable combustion. Enables heating hydrogen manufacturing apparatus uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heater (4) heats a reaction chamber to produce reformed gas which is passed to ventilator (5). The ejectors (6,7) are provided to eject reformed gas which heats intake air passed from the ventilator and a firing unit (8) combusts the reformed gas emitted from the ejectors. The ejectors are set to angle of 40-120degrees so as to intersect gas ejected through it and consists of gas emission pipe (11,12) with openings (9,10) respectively. A rectifier is provided at upstream side of air flow to mix air in the ventilator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top sectional view and elevational view of the heater. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heater (4)    ventilator (5)    ejectors (6,7)    firing unit (8)    openings (9,10)    gas emission pipes (11,12)
NOVELTY - A compost promotion sheet comprises a non-woven fabric having ultrafine fiber with average fiber diameter of 0.1-10 microm. The non-woven fabric has average pore size of 2-10 microm, and permeability of 2-30 cc/cm2.sec measured by Flagyl method according to JIS L-1906. The fabric has water vapor permeability of more than 2000 g/m2.24 hr measured by calcium chloride method according to JIS L-1099.    USE - For manufacture of organic fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic fertilizer is manufactured easily using the compost promotion sheet. The generation of bad odor during the manufacture of the organic fertilizer is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost promotion sheet comprises a non-woven fabric having ultrafine fiber with average fiber diameter of 0.1-10 microm. The non-woven fabric has average pore size of 2-10 microm, and permeability of 2-30 cc/cm2.sec measured by Flagyl method of common filament non-woven fabric test method according to JIS L-1906. The non-woven fabric has water vapor permeability of more than 2000 g/m2.24 hr measured by calcium chloride method (A-1 method) of water vapor permeability test method of textiles according to JIS L-1099.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of organic fertilizer, which involves providing the sheet on sediment of organic fertilizer raw material, and performing fermentation and composting processes.
NOVELTY - A storage tank (2) accommodates hydrogen molecule containing compound. Hydrogen from the storage tank, is introduced into the fuel cell (1). The exhaust heat of fuel cell, is transferred to the tank, by a transfer unit.    USE - For motor vehicle, domestic purposes and direct current power supply installation of information technology field.    ADVANTAGE - The lightweight hydrogen is stored at normal temperature and pressure, easily. Reduces energy cost by utilizing exhaust heat of fuel cell to heat and generate hydrogen. Replenishment of hydrogen to hydrogen molecule containing compound, is performed easily. Reduces weight of the installation which uses the fuel cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    storage tank (2)
NOVELTY - A shift-reaction portion (25) is arranged in a modifier (20) to decrease carbon monoxide of reformed gas supplied from a modification portion (22). A combustor (31) burns reformed gas supplied from the modifier and exhausts combustion gas. The combustion gas is supplied into a heat exchanger (32) and is supplied to the shift-reaction portion such that the temperature inside the reaction portion is increased.    USE - For electric-power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to increase temperature inside the shift-reaction portion without reducing the energy efficiency, by passing the combustion gas. The deterioration of the catalyst in the shift-reaction portion is restrained and the life time of the shift-reaction portion is extended.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (20)    modification portion (22)    shift-reaction portion (25)    combustor (31)    heat exchanger (32)
NOVELTY - A strain (I) having cellulose decomposing property, and which belongs to Clostridium genus and has 16S rRNA sequence that shows 90% or more homology with a fully defined sequence of 1623 nucleotides as given in specification, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for processing organic waste and/or wastewater, where (I) decomposes cellulose contained in the organic waste or wastewater. (I) is also useful in methane fermentation method which involves using (I) with other fermentative and methane-fermentative microorganisms, for decomposing cellulose contained in organic waste and/or wastewater, such that cellulose in the wastewater and/or organic waste, is degraded, and methane gas released during the process, is collected (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The microorganisms efficiently decompose cellulose in wastewater and/or organic waste. The decomposition-resistant cellulose is also converted into methane gas (an energy source).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) promoting growth of (I) by maintaining the culture environment (such as organic waste and/or wastewater) at a high temperature; and    (2) cellulose decomposing agent comprising (I).
NOVELTY - The equipment the air supply line (24b) in which steam extraction of compressed air from micro gas turbine (22), is performed and heated using a pre-heater (30). The heated steam is supplied to the catalyst combustor (17) of the fuel-cell module (20).    USE - Combined electric power generation equipment of fuel cell and micro gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst combustor is heated in short time to desired temperature without consuming excess fuel at the time of starting thereby reducing starting time of the equipment without impairing the thermal efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of combined power generation equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the combined power generation equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst combustor (17)    fuel-cell module (20)    micro gas turbine (22)    air supply line (24b)    pre-heater (30)
NOVELTY - A primary adsorption/desorption unit (3) removes the carbon monoxide (CO) and water vapor in the reformed gas, at high temperature using adsorption/desorption material. After removing CO and water vapor, the reformed gas is subjected to CO shift reaction to produce CO reduced gas. The CO and water vapor in the CO reduced gas, are removed in a secondary adsorption/desorption unit (5).    USE - Producing hydrogen used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A hydrogen-rich gas with CO of low concentration is easily produced. The size of the modifier is reduced. The thermal capacity is low.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The adsorption/desorption material in the primary adsorption/desorption unit is reused as adsorption/desorption material in the secondary adsorption/desorption unit. The adsorption/desorption materials in both units are periodically interchanged. Adsorption of CO and water vapor by the hydrogen rich gas produced in the modification unit (2) is performed at low temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel modification method; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification unit (2)    primary adsorption/desorption unit (3)    CO shift reaction unit (4)    secondary adsorption/desorption unit (5)
NOVELTY - Fuel with a lead content of 0.56 g/l or less comprises isoparaffins (I) with 4 or 5 carbon atoms, isoparaffins (II) with 6-9 carbon atoms and optionally alkylaromatic hydrocarbons (III) with 6-11 carbon atoms. The fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.    USE - The fuel is useful in spark-ignition engines for aircraft, racing vehicles or the like, in fuel treatment units (e.g. reformers) connected to fuel cells, and for reducing pollutant emissions from spark-ignition engines (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel has a high enough octane rating for use in high compression ratio engines, with an F4 octane number of at least 130 and a motor octane number (MON) of at least 99.5, while having a low lead content and without containing substitute octane improvers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a high-octane fuel with a low lead content by mixing (I), (II) and optionally (III) in amounts such that the fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.
NOVELTY - Fuel with a lead content of 0.56 g/l or less comprises isoparaffins (I) with 4 or 5 carbon atoms, isoparaffins (II) with 6-9 carbon atoms and optionally alkylaromatic hydrocarbons (III) with 6-11 carbon atoms. The fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.    USE - The fuel is useful in spark-ignition engines for aircraft, racing vehicles or the like, in fuel treatment units (e.g. reformers) connected to fuel cells, and for reducing pollutant emissions from spark-ignition engines (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel has a high enough octane rating for use in high compression ratio engines, with an F4 octane number of at least 130 and a motor octane number (MON) of at least 99.5, while having a low lead content and without containing substitute octane improvers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a high-octane fuel with a low lead content by mixing (I), (II) and optionally (III) in amounts such that the fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.
NOVELTY - The method includes the steps (E1) of measuring the difference (Omes) of concentration of oxygen (O2) between a reference gas and the air circulating in the evacuation conduit, and a step (E2) for calculation of the difference (Omes - Oref) between the measured value (Omes) and a reference value (Oref), and a step (E3) of determination of the optimal rate of admission of air as a function of the result (Omes - Oref) of the calculation, and a step (E4) of control of the regulation unit (32) for obtaining the optimal air rate.    USE - Used for fuel cells on board an automotive vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures that the vehicle has enough power even in oxygen-poor areas such as underground parking spaces etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is for regulation of the rate of air admitted in the cathode (16) of a fuel cell (12) onboard an automotive vehicle. The cathode includes an air feed conduit (36) and an air evacuation conduit (58). The feed conduit includes a control unit for regulation of the rate of air admitted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of the fuel cell arrangement.    fuel cell (12)    cathode (16)    regulation unit (32)    air feed conduit (36)    evacuation conduit (58)
NOVELTY - A membrane reactor having hydrogen-formation region, a hydrogen-separation region, and a membrane that is selectively permeable to hydrogen is operated by introducing raw material gas into the hydrogen-formation region and carbon dioxide and/or steam into the hydrogen-separation region; and allowing gases exiting from the hydrogen-formation region and from the hydrogen-separation region to mix with each other at a gas discharging region.    USE - For operating a membrane reactor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the surface area of the permeable membrane to be made smaller while maintaining higher conversion at low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of membrane reactor (12) having hydrogen-formation region (X), a hydrogen-separation region (Y), and a membrane (15) that is selectively permeable to hydrogen, involves introducing raw material gas into the hydrogen-formation region and carbon dioxide and/or steam into the hydrogen-separation region at a zone in which the hydrogen-formation region and the hydrogen-separation region are not separated from each other such that the raw material gas and carbon dioxide and/or steam can mix; and allowing gases exiting from the hydrogen-formation region and from the hydrogen-separation region to mix with each other at a gas discharging region (16).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the membrane reactor.    Membrane reactor (12)    Membrane (15)    Discharging region (16)    Hydrogen-formation region (X)    Hydrogen-separation region (Y)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas supply path (10) supplies hydrogen gas to fuel cell (1), from high-pressure tank. A circulation passage (20) which returns non-reacted hydrogen gas obtained from fuel cell, to supply path, has pump (7) for boosting the non-reacted gas. Ejector (6) provided in supply path, enables sending non-reacted gas from circulation passage, to the supply path, through bypass path (22) of circulation passage.    USE - Solid polymer electrolyte (SPE) fuel cell for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the pump is unable to drive, due to freezing, and there is reduced amount of flow of non-reacted hydrogen gas, or when the pump is malfunctioning due to reasons other than freezing, or when even if the pump is able to drive normally, the flow path in the vicinity of the pump is blocked, the non-reacted gas can be reliably circulated at a preset flow rate. Hence, hydrogen gas is supplied to the fuel cell in a stabilized condition, and the fuel cell system is driven in a stabilized condition. Hence, improves the start-up performance of the cell, in low-temperature conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell (1)    ejector (6)    pump (7)    supply path (10)    circulation passage (20)    bypass path (22)
NOVELTY - A room temperature aerosol-sprayable W/O emulsion comprises by wt. (a) a fatty phase containing (i) room temperature liquid oil component (at least 90%) and (ii) a 3 or 4C ester of a 12-18C alkanoic acid, an 8-12C alkanol or a silicone oil (at most 4%); (b) water (20-85% of the total composition); (c) W/O emulsifier(s); and (d) lipophilic propellant gas(es).    USE - As cosmetics, including deodorants and antiperspirants (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Room temperature aerosol-sprayable compositions are provided which overcome the problems associated with prior art sprayable W/O emulsions such as container corrosion, skin incompatibility and limited choice of ingredients.
NOVELTY - A predetermined alarm condition in combustion emission gas is detected by exposing to the gas a semiconductor gas sensor having p-type semiconducting material responsive both to change in concentration of reducing gas and oxygen to exhibit a change in its electrical resistance; monitoring the resistance; and outputting an alarm signal if resistance exceeds a predetermined value corresponding to the alarm condition.    USE - Detecting predetermined alarm condition in a combustion emission gas.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor gas sensor exhibits excellent chemical stability in wet reducing atmospheres due to high formation energies of the oxides. It is resilient to the effects of poisons, e.g. mercaptans and silicone sealant. It undergoes a rapid and reversible increase in resistance in response to a decrease in oxygen and/or increase in reducing gas, e.g. carbon monoxide of the surrounding atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a combustion emission gas alarm system comprising a semiconductor gas sensor having a p-type semiconducting material; and apparatus for monitoring the resistance of the semiconducting material and for issuing an alarm signal if the resistance exceeds a predetermined value corresponding to an alarm condition.
NOVELTY - A fuel reforming apparatus comprises non-thermal plasma reactor(s) for producing a carbon monoxide free reformed fuel gas comprising hydrogen.    USE - For producing a carbon monoxide free reformed fuel gas comprising hydrogen, by reacting the fuel gas in non-thermal plasma reactor(s). (Claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The invention is simple in design, lightweight, compact and inexpensive. It ensures efficient delivery of hydrogen-containing fuel to the fuel cell and avoids formation of harmful carbon monomer. It starts instantaneously and responds to the change in the gas flow rate immediately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell assembly, comprising a reformer (20) for reforming a fuel gas; a converter for converting carbon monoxide present in the reformed fuel gas; and a hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell where the carbon-monoxide free reformed fuel gas combines with air to produce electricity and water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell assembly.    Reformer (20)    Non-thermal plasma reactor (22)    Carbon monoxide free gas stream (23)    Fuel-cell stack (24)    Power supply (25)
NOVELTY - Removing or preventing build up of Asphaltene-paraffin-vax on surfaces in contact with crude oil by adding tensides, materials for increasing viscosity and microorganisms capable of breaking down crude oil components of derivatives, is new.    USE - The method is used for the removal of Asphaltene-paraffin-wax in inner surfaces of e.g. tubing of oil wells, their flow lines, or in oil pipelines (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method improves efficiency of oil production and decreases costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Removal or prevention of Asphaltene-paraffin-wax on surfaces in contact with crude oil comprises adding tensides, materials for increasing viscosity, and microorganisms capable of breaking down crude oil components of derivatives and producing at least one type of tenside, to the surface, optionally together with additives required for the reproduction of the microorganisms; providing an appropriate temperature for the microorganisms; allowing the microorganisms to reproduce and act for a predetermined period on the surface; checking the results of the treatment; and optionally repeating the steps.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a kit for the removal or prevention of Asphalt ene-paraffin-wax precipitates on surfaces in contact with the crude oil in pipelines, comprising a microorganism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show the effects of several microorganism strains on build ups of Asphaltene-paraffin-vax.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell comprises fuel cell mechanism(s), anode layer, cathode layer, and mixed fuel gas supplier mechanisms. Fuel cell mechanism(s) comprises solid electrolyte layer. Electrolyte layer is interposed between cathode and anode layers. Mixed fuel gas supplier supplies e.g. methane and oxygen to expose cathode and anode layers to cause oxidation-reduction reaction between fuel gas and oxygen.    USE - As fuel cell used in power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since complete combustion is accelerated, the performance of the cell is enhanced. Deterioration of power generation is avoided and the anode layer is not liable to peel off.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (16) comprises fuel cell mechanism(s), anode layer (14), cathode layer (12), and mixed fuel gas supplier mechanisms. The fuel cell mechanism(s) comprises solid electrolyte layer (10) of oxygen ion conduction type. The electrolyte layer is interposed between cathode and anode layers. The mixed fuel gas supplier supplies fuel gas, e.g. methane and oxygen to expose cathode and anode layers to cause an oxidation-reduction reaction between the fuel gas and oxygen. The oxidation-reduction reaction between the fuel gas and oxygen is carried out using cell mechanism to generate an electromotive force. The anode layer comprises metal. The metal is oxidation-resistant against the mixed fuel at an operation temperature of fuel cell mechanism or ceramic with electro-conductivity. The anode layer is blended with metal or its oxide. The metal is rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, or iridium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the fuel cell.    Solid electrolyte layer (10)    Cathode layer (12)    Anode layer (14)    Fuel cell (16)    Container (20)    Feed pipes (20a-b)
NOVELTY - Provided is a vessel and a method for fabricating the same using casting which is obtained from earth worms cultured by using garbage and organic waste, the vessel being advantageous in generating no secondary sewage sludge and being produced in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The vessel comprises a casing(110), a penetrating hole(111) formed at the bottom of the casing(110), a protrusion(112) extending from the penetrating hole(111) toward the inside of the casing(110), a coupling cylinder(113) combined with an upper portion of the protrusion(112), and a pad(120) with a plurality of holes and placed on the coupling cylinder(113) to completely cover a lower portion of the vessel. The method comprises the steps of (a) retreating garbage and organic waste by collecting, separating, crushing, mixing and washing the garbage and organic waste, (b) introducing the retreated garbage and organic waste to a vermiculture apparatus, (c) collecting casting and earth worms, (d) adding starch to the casting and earth worms, (e) adding hardness reinforcements such as pine resin to the casting, (f) mixing the casting, starch and reinforcements, and (g) molding a vessel by introducing the mixture in a mold.
NOVELTY - A method for making nutritional earth for plant growth by using algae is provided to simplify the processing steps, reduce the manufacturing cost, obtain various nutritional constituents and recycle the sludge derived from water purification.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for making nutritional earth for plant growth comprises the steps of: performing the aerobic treatment of algae by injecting air in the form of fine bubbles into water to float the algae on the water surface; crushing the corroded materials obtained from the preceding step into microparticles; mixing soil with the microparticles in an optional ratio; and then fermenting the mixture to provide the nutritional constituents needed for plant growth. In particular, the soil is added in the amount of 5-70% based on the volume of the dried and crushed algae.
NOVELTY - A packing structure of a fuel cell is provided, to prevent the loss of the fuel and air by allowing the projection part formed on a gasket to be elastically adhered to a separator and a membrane-electrode assembly and preventing the formation of gap in assembling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is provided with a generator which comprises: a membrane-electrode assembly comprising an electrolyte membrane whose both ends are adhered to an anode supplied with BH4- in aqueous solution state and a cathode supplied with air; a separator which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly and has a flow path where BH4- and air flow; a gasket(17) placed at the circumference between the separator and the membrane-electrode assembly, for sealing; and a current collector formed on the outer face of the separator. The gasket(17) is provided with the projection part(100) which is formed along the length direction at both sides of the section and is elastically adhered to the gasket for sealing.
NOVELTY - An electric generator setting structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to allow the reaction of fuel and air to occur actively by allowing the hydrogen gas generated by the side reaction to be flown in the state separated from an anode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound to the anode(102) of a generator, supplies the air to the cathode(103) of a generator, and generates electricity by the electrochemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the generator(100) has a unit cell structure comprising a membrane-electrode assembly(104) comprising an electrolyte membrane(101) adhered with an anode (102, fuel electrode) and a cathode (103, air electrode) at both sides; a separator(105) which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly with forming a fuel-air flow path(107); and a current collector(106) formed at the both sides of the separator to collect the electricity formed by the electrochemical reaction of fuel and air. The generator is sloped toward a cathode by a certain angle to allow the hydrogen gas(H) generated in the fuel flowing the inside of the flow path formed by the separator to be circulated in the state separated from the internal face of the anode. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A stack structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to reduce the loss of pressure of stack due to hydrogen gas by allowing hydrogen gas to be separated at a vapor-liquid separator when fuel moves from cell to cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode(12) of stack, supplies the air to the cathode(13) of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the stack(10) comprises a plurality of layered cells. A fuel transport line(100) is placed between the layered cells and has a vapor-liquid separator(101) for removing the hydrogen gas contained in the fuel moving between the cells. Preferably the vapor-liquid separator(101) comprises a space inside; an inflow hole at one side; an outflow hole at the other side; and a discharge pipe for discharging hydrogen gas at the upper part. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A humidifying device for a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to simplify the structure of a humidifier and to allow the humidifier to be operated without the supply of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored at a fuel tank to the anode of stack, supplies the air in steam state from a humidifier(100) to the cathode of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the humidifier(100) comprises a water tank(101); a humidifying chamber(102) which is communicated with the top part of the water tank and has an air entrance hole(102a) at one side and an air exit hole(102b) at the other side; and a water absorbent(103) which is placed inside the humidifying chamber to allow its under part to be submerged under the water of the water tank for humidifying the air passing through. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state. The water absorbent is a porous material, and preferably sponge.
NOVELTY - A stack structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to prevent the hindrance of fuel supply by the pressure increase due to the increase of hydrogen gas in stack in generation by allowing the gaseous hydrogen in BH4- aqueous solution to be absorbed into a bipolar plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode(22) of stack, supplies the air to the cathode(23) of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the stack(10) comprises at least one layered cell comprising a membrane-electrode assembly(24) whose both ends are adhered to a bipolar plate(25) having a flow path groove(31). The bipolar plate is made of a hydrogen storage alloy for absorbing gaseous hydrogen. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - The processing system has upper fermenter and lower fermenter that are maintained in pressure-reduction state and in normal pressure state for fermenting organic compound such as livestock excrements, food residue and agricultural and fishery type residue. The fermenter has heating apparatus (14,34) and sterilizers (13,27).    USE - For fermenting organic waste ejected from agricultural product processing factory, such as starch lees, strained lees of soybean, liquor lees, fruit-sorting residue. Also from food residue, livestock excrements, agricultural and fishery type residue, public facility and food service industry, used for forming manure and fodder.    ADVANTAGE - The organic waste is processed in a short time and manure or fodder formation is formed easily. The running and initial cost of the system are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of house type organic substance fermentation processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air-suction system (9)    sterilizers (13,27)    heating apparatus (14,34)    vacuum pumps (29,29a,29b)    blower (31)
NOVELTY - Culture base material contains bamboo-charcoal containing culture base material comprising: (a) antimicroorganism component-free crushed Japanese-cedar chip material having porosity of 50%; and (b) granular bamboo charcoal, whose content is 20% or more with respect to whole weight conversion.    USE - For organic refuse disposers (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Activity of microorganism is activated by synergistic effect of bamboo charcoal and Japanese-cedar material chip, and aerobic decomposition efficiency is increased. Peripheral environment enables to maintain activity of microorganisms, even on adverse conditions in which aerobic decomposition is difficult to perform. The base material demonstrates high level of organic decomposability. The method enables reliable primary fermentation of organic refuse. The method promotes aerobic decomposition of continuously supplied organic refuse and production of compost from the organic refuse.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph exhibiting the variation in oxygen, carbon dioxide and pH value with respect to time, using (A) bamboo-charcoal containing culture base material; and (B) timber base material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A double-acting type stirrer (26) is operated by a deodorizing unit for fermentation of the pretreated organic refuse (60) in a fermentation tank containing fermentation enzyme agent (61), for preset time. The fermented refuse after heat-treatment is supplied to a another fermentation tank for secondary fermentation using a double-acting type stirrer (36). A conveyor conveys the secondary fermented refuse to a collection tank.    USE - For processing organic-refuses such as fats, oils, proteins and vegetable debris mixed in waste water obtained from kitchen of shop, foodstuff factory, school, restaurant and hotel.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient decomposition of the organic-refuse is promoted by fermenting the refuse twice using the fermentation tanks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of the double-acting type continuous organic-refuse processing device.    stirrers (26,36)    electric heater (24)    ozone reaction chamber (42)    organic-refuse (60)    fermentation enzyme agent (61)
NOVELTY - A biogas desulfurizing apparatus has a desulfurizing tower (10) having supplied with a digestive fluid (31) for desulfurizing biogas (30) evolved during nitrification-denitrification of organic waste liquid, and removing hydrogen sulfide in the evolved biogas.    USE - For removing hydrogen sulfide contained in biogas generated during anaerobic fermentation of organic based.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is simple and compact and enables desulfurization of biogas efficiently and economically. The apparatus enables generation of biogas with high methane gas concentration, which may be used as energy source for processing organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of desulfurizing apparatus for processing waste materials. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    desulfurizing tower (10)    biogas aeration pipe (11)    desulfurizing tower (13)    biogas diffusion tube (16)    digestive fluid spraying (17)    liquid level control pumps (23a, 23b, 23c)    desulfurizing biogas (30)    digestive fluid (31)
NOVELTY - A measurement unit (14) in the electronic apparatus taken on lease by an user, measures the parameters indicating residual amount of fuel in fuel cell supplying power to the apparatus and connection time of the fuel cell with respect to the apparatus. A calculator calculates the money to be charge with respect to usage of the apparatus, based on the received parameter.    USE - Electronic apparatus e.g. copier, printer, facsimile.    ADVANTAGE - Charge corresponding to usage of printer taken on rent by user, is reliably calculated using simple technique.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electronic apparatus usage charge calculation method;    (2) electronic apparatus usage charge calculation program; and    (3) electronic apparatus usage charge calculation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the electronic apparatus usage charge calculation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electronic apparatus (11)    communication line (13)    measurement unit (14)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell has electrolyte film interposed between a fuel electrode (4) and air electrode (3). A liquid fuel containing secondary alcohol as main component is supplied to the fuel electrode. An oxidizing substance is contacted with the air electrode. An external power is supplied to set the fuel and air electrodes respectively as anode and cathode, and electric power is generated.    USE - For generation of electric power from fuel cell using electric power generation apparatus (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method generates electric power from fuel cell using secondary alcohol which can be regenerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell has electrolyte film interposed between a fuel electrode and air electrode. The fuel electrode consists of alloy of platinum, and ruthenium, tin, tungsten, copper, gold, manganese and/or vanadium. A liquid fuel containing secondary alcohol as main component is supplied to the fuel electrode. An oxidizing substance is contacted with the air electrode. An external power is supplied to set the fuel and air electrodes respectively as anode and cathode, and electric power is generated.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) regeneration of spent fuel of fuel cells;    (2) fuel cell; and    (3) electric power generation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a single cell structure of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Ion-exchange membrane (2)    Air electrode (3)    Fuel electrode (4)    Oxidizing agent flow path (5)    Liquid fuel accommodating portion (6)
NOVELTY - A furnace (1) has a riser (15) arranged at the lower level than the waste gas filling height (19), for collecting the high temperature waste gas.    USE - Used for collecting high temperature residual gas generated while performing melting processing of general waste and municipal waste and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliable collection of the high temperature waste gas, thereby preventing generation of dioxin while processing the waste gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for restoration gas recovery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the melting furnace.    melting furnace (1)    charging equipment (2)    riser (15)    waste gas filling level (11)    waste gas filling height (19)
NOVELTY - An electrolyzer of water, has a pair of electrodes made of magnesium. A controller regulates supply of direct or alternating current between the electrodes, based on the amount of hydrogen gas produced in a modifier for generating hydrogen gas and supplying it to a fuel cell.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Performs stable supply of hydrogen gas to fuel cell, due to the provision of controller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of hydrogen gas supply apparatus.    hydrogen gas supply apparatus (1)    fuel cell (2)    modifier (10)    electrolyzer (20)    electrodes (24,25)    controller (100)
NOVELTY - Annular ejection holes (90) sealably formed at regular intervals in lower portion of a furnace wall (14), are selectively inserted with a screw which is rotated by a drive mechanism (94), to eject the sawdust (19) from a furnace (12). The sawdust is guided to a water storage tank from which it is transferred by feed drive units, to a preset area.    USE - For generating gas, e.g. carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by using plants, algae and saw dust produced from the wood processing industry.    ADVANTAGE - The sawdust is ejected promptly and safely to the water tank, by which secondary fire generation, is suppressed, maintenance and checking of the gas generating device are simplified and safety of the device, is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The furnace is supplied with plant, and nitrogen gas and/or carbon dioxide by a gas supply unit, to produce gas by decomposing the plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of gas generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    furnace (12)    ejection hole (90)    screw conveyor (102)    drive unit (94)    sawdust (19)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel comprises hydrogen gas, natural gas and/or biomass-methane gas dissolved in oxygen-containing hydrocarbon liquid. The oxygen-containing hydrocarbon liquid is produced from natural gas and/or biomass-methane gas.    USE - Used for internal combustion engines such as diesel engines, baked ball engines, gasoline engine and turbine engine, and jet engines.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel has good combustibility and reduced discharge of toxic substances such as suspended particulate material and nitrogen compounds (NOx). The liquid fuel releases more amount of heat energy. The liquid fuel is inexpensive and easily available.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of liquid fuel. Natural gas and/or biomass-methane gas is reacted with high temperature water vapor at high pressure, and oxygen-containing hydrocarbon which has four or less carbon atoms, is manufactured. Oxygen-containing hydrocarbon is cooled and made into liquid. Hydrogen gas, natural gas and/or biomass-methane gas is dissolved in the oxygen-containing hydrocarbon liquid at 0degreesC or less under pressure of 0.1-2 MPa to manufacture liquid fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of the process used for manufacturing liquid fuel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The artificial calcium-silicate group powder material is mixed with aqueous solution of phosphoric acid as binder, and granulated to a particle size of 2-10 mm. The granulated substance has moisture content of 40% or less. The disintegration force of the granulated substance, is 5 Kg or less.    USE - For composting auxiliary material of organic waste such as livestock excrement or sewage sludge, and for fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The granulated artificial calcium-silicate group powder material has favorable water absorbing ability and stability. The dust generated during ploughing during initial-stage injection of manual processing, is prevented. The composting of organic waste is carried out effectively using the granulated artificial calcium-silicate group powder material.
NOVELTY - A reaction chamber (1) has a de-hydrogenation catalyst layer (10) for carrying out the de-hydrogenation of the hydrogen containing raw material. The hydrogen separation membrane (2) separates hydrogen from the mixture of hydrogen and by-product produced during the de-hydrogenation process. A liquid film (30) of predetermined thickness is formed on the upper surface of the hydrogen separation membrane.    USE - For generating hydrogen used in fuel cell that is used as power source in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures the driving force of hydrogen permeation by forming the liquid film on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane and hence simplifies the generation of hydrogen generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen collection method;    (2) hydrogen generation method;    (3) hydrogen collecting equipment; and    (4) hydrogen collection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction chamber (1)    hydrogen separation membrane (2)    de-hydrogenation catalyst layer (10)    liquid film (30)    hydrogen generator (R)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizing agent is formed by supporting nickel oxide, or nickel oxide and copper oxide, on a support. The desulfurizing agent is used for desulfurization of hydrocarbon-containing sulfur gas, without performing reduction process.    USE - For removing sulfur from hydrocarbon containing gas such as liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, town gas or dimethyl ether, and for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizing agent efficiently removes sulfur contained in the hydrocarbon containing gas at room temperature. The hydrogen for fuel cells, is manufactured economically and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon containing sulfur gas, which involves using the desulfurizing agent; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells, which involves modifying using desulfurizing agent after carrying out desulfurizing processing of the hydrocarbon containing gas.
NOVELTY - The organic waste (101) is ground, and waste particles (106) having a size larger than predetermined size is separated from the ground substance. The separated particle is then processed with alkaline substance. The other ground waste particles (105) are subjected to methane fermentation. Thus, pre-processing of organic waste is carried out.    USE - For pre-processing organic waste such as foodstuffs waste material.    ADVANTAGE - Since the organic waste particle which cannot be subjected to methane-fermentation process is separated from ground organic waste, effective methane-fermentation of the organic waste is carried out. Therefore, the biogas generation is increased and sludge amount is reduced. Thus, organic waste is processed efficiently and economically using reduced amount of alkaline substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the methane-fermentation system of organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    organic-waste storage tank (1)    grinder (2)    slurry adjustment tank (3)    methane-fermentation tank (4)    gas holder (5)    organic waste (101)    waste particle smaller than predetermined size (105)    waste particle larger than predetermined size (106)
NOVELTY - Compost is deodorized by adding a deodorant containing Quillaia saponaria saponin, to the compost manufacturing apparatus.    USE - For deodorizing compost containing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorant utilized in the method effectively deodorizes compost in organic refuse disposer. The method utilizing minimal quantity of deodorizer, is simple and economical.
NOVELTY - A gas sensor measures gas generated from several organic waste composts of differing rotting degree. A correlation between stinking smell and the rotting degree is defined. The rotting degree of the target compost is estimated by selecting stinking smell as index from the correlation.    USE - Quality control of organic waste compost.    ADVANTAGE - The gas from the compost is analyzed without sampling the compost. The quality of the compost is controlled easily,.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graphical representation of organic substance decomposition ratio in organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An electrolyzer arranged for electrolyzing target object of waste water using halogen compounds, is new. The reduction removal of hypohalogen-acid generated in electrolysis is performed by an oxidant processing apparatus.    USE - The electrolyzer is used for treating ammonia and organic substances containing waste water from industries, homes and waste water such as land fill site decoction, farm village colony waste water, livestock-barn waste water, waste water from thermal and nuclear power stations.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyzer enables efficient removal of the ammonia and other organic substances in the waste water, by denitrifying process and decomposition treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The waste water is supplied into the electrolyzer and a bromine or chlorine compound is added. The electric current is applied to the anode (301) and cathode (302), generating hypohalogen acid and denitrifying ammonia in the waste water. A metal ion is oxidized by hypohalogen acid, generating metal oxide. A filtration equipment (5) absorbs and removes hypohalogen acid contained in water by using activated carbon. A synthetic-resin made support is arranged within a tank of a biological treatment apparatus and is coated with a coating film obtained by insolubilizing cationic-water soluble polymer with a crosslinking agent. The support aids in denitrification of the nitrogen contained in the water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the water-purification system.    Electrolyzer (3)    Oxidant processing apparatus (4)    Filtration equipment (5)    Anode (301)    Cathode (302)
NOVELTY - An alcohol or organic acid manufacturing system has manufacturing unit and wastewater recycling unit. The manufacturing unit is provided with saccharification pretreatment unit, saccharification unit, fermentation pretreatment unit, fermenter and refinement unit. The wastewater recycling unit has an evaporator, a condenser and a recycled water supply unit.    USE - For manufacturing alcohol or organic acid from biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The method and apparatus effectively and economically manufactures alcohol or organic acid from biomass. The recycled water obtained by the method is utilized for various industrial purposes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alcohol or organic acid manufacturing system has manufacturing unit and wastewater recycling unit. The manufacturing unit is provided with saccharification pretreatment unit, saccharification unit, fermentation pretreatment unit, fermenter and refinement unit. The waste water recycling unit has an evaporator to evaporate waste water ejected from the manufacturing unit, a condenser to condense the vapor generated by the evaporator and a recycled water supply unit to supply the condensed water obtained from the condenser.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of alcohol or organic acid, which involves utilizing biomass containing cellulose as raw material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model depicting alcohol or organic acid manufacturing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A gas supply unit (15) supplies cleaning gas (14) comprising carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, butane, and chlorofluorocarbon-replacing material, or mixture of above gases, to the vacuum heating and cleaning apparatus (12), to remove contaminants such as polychlorinated biphenyl adhering to laminated coils (11). A circulation unit circulates the gas supplied to the apparatus.    USE - For heating and cleaning transformer and capacitor components contaminated with insulating oil comprising polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB), such as laminated transformer coils, under vacuum.    ADVANTAGE - Improves cleaning effect of coils, as carbon dioxide, methane, butane, ethane and propane have good compatibility with PCB compared to that of inert gases. Reduces cleaning time as cleaning is performed under vacuum in the heated vacuum chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vacuum heating and cleaning method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of vacuum heating and cleaning apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Coils (11)    Vacuum heating and cleaning apparatus (12)    Cleaning gas (14)    Gas supply unit (15)    Heating unit (16)
NOVELTY - The energy supply system generates liquid hydrogen from hot vapor emitted from power generation equipment. A supply unit supplies the liquid hydrogen to fuel cell or internal combustion engine.    USE - For electric-power generation facility e.g. nuclear power plant to generate electric-power to be supplied to residence and company, and for gas company, electric vehicle e.g. train and motor vehicle e.g. tram-car.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents global warming. Enables for efficient power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) power supply system;    (2) network system; and    (3) application management system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen energy supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Microorganisms for decomposing decomposition resistant substance containing a colorant comprises Cladosporium cladosporioides DD618 strain (FERM P-18791).    USE - For wastewater treatments, such as domestic wastewater, industrial wastewater, dyeing wastewater and reclaimed wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The novel microorganisms effectively decomposes decomposition resistant substance such as colorant, chemical oxygen demand component and dioxins in wastewater. The biological processing of wastewater systems is simple and economical. The novel microbes shorten decolorizing time and improve efficiency of drainage treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for lower waste water treatment, which involves cultivating the above-mentioned microbe in a reaction tank (2) which is supplied with lower waste water (G) and decomposition resistant substance containing colorant in waste water is decomposed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows purifier using DD618 strain of microbes in drainage treatment.    reaction tank (2)    pump (4)    solid-liquid separator (6)    air (A)    treated water (D)    wastewater (G)    nutritive salt (N)    pH regulator (P)
NOVELTY - Organic waste bioreactor has a steel container with a lightweight adiabatic loading and off-loading door and a false floor made of wood containing conical holes. Nine temperature gauges analyze and log the oxygen, carbon dioxide and ammonia concentrations, for automatic control of the reaction.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - Method (M1) of regenerating a deactivated partial oxidation catalyst (a1) involves: (a) reacting a hydrocarbon and an oxygen containing gas in the presence of (a1) to produce a product (P1) comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide in at least a first reactor (R1); and (b) reacting an at least partially deactivated (a1) with at least one regeneration gases in at least a second reactor (R2). (R1) and (R2) are comprised in an integrated process.    USE - In a continuously operated process for the optimal production of synthesis gas (claimed) e.g. a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, typically labeled syngas.    ADVANTAGE - The method is quick and economically feasible for regenerating a deactivated partial oxidation catalyst without having to dissolve the catalyst compound and without significant downtime or loss of production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a continuously operated process (P1) for syngas production by:    (a) reacting a hydrocarbon and an oxygen containing gas in the presence of a metal-containing syngas catalyst (a2) to produce (P1); and    (b) intermittently, when (a2) has become at least partially deactivated, regenerating the deactivated (a2) in situ by chemically re-dispersing the catalytic metal, comprising exposing the deactivated syngas catalyst to a re-dispersing gas for a time to re-disperse the catalytic metal; and    (2) a continuously operated process for the optimal production of synthesis gas where the reactor is operated in an optimized manner such that:    (a) for a time, t1, the reactor is fed a gas comprising hydrocarbon and oxygen and in the presence of a catalyst produces a product comprising synthesis gas at a pressure at least at least two times ambient pressure; and    (b) for a time, t2, the catalyst in the reactor is regenerated using a regeneration gas. The t1 is at least twice t2, and t1 is at least 24 hours.
NOVELTY - Replaceable bio-filter for insertion beneath the ventilation opening in the lid of a bin for collecting organic waste for composting or fermentation, comprising a mixture of coconut fiber, additives and microorganisms in the form of a compacted briquette, is new.    USE - The bio-filter is useful for aerobically degrading air-polluting gases or aerosols.    ADVANTAGE - The bio-filter can be used without adhesives (compare EP579282) and is easier to handle and occupies less space than loose filter materials (compare DE29507486).
NOVELTY - The gas distribution device (18,20) has a channel arrangement for supplying an electrochemically-active region of the electrode with a reaction gas and an arrangement for feeding the reaction gas to the channel arrangement. A control device allows timed control of the supply of the reaction gas to the electrode and/or removal of the unused reaction gas and the reaction products.    USE - The gas distribution device is used is for supplying a reaction gas to an electrochemical electrode of an electrode-membrane unit for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Time controlled supply of reaction gas to electrochemical electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Also included are INDEPENDENT CLAIMS for the following:    (a) an electrochemical electrode arrangement with a gas distribution device;    (b) an electrode-membrane unit;    (c) a method for supplying a reaction gas to an electrochemical electrode    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic side cross-section through an electrode-membrane unit for a polymer membrane fuel cell with gas distribution devices.    Electrode-membrane unit (10)    Membrane (12)    Electrochemical electrodes (14,16)    Gas distribution devices (18,20)
NOVELTY - A chemical reforming jet (1) for the production of hydrogen on an industrial scale has a fuel regulator (2) to a fuel dosing unit (5) within a pipe (4) receiving a flow of temperature regulated inputs. The pipe (4) especially has an atomizing station (8) downstream from the dosing unit (5).    USE - Chemical reforming jet for the production of hydrogen on an industrial scale.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly is more compact than prior art and generates a very fine mixture at high operating temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel regulator is a low-pressure fuel injector valve (2) and is located at one end of the pipe (4). The valve is of a type similar to those used in automotive applications. The dosing station (5) forms part of the low-pressure fuel regulator valve. The temperature regulated inputs are introduced between the dosing station (5) and the atomization station (8), and are introduced via a side-pipe (6) at an angle of approximately. 90 to the first pipe (4), upstream of the atomization station (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a suitable atomizer jet.    Reforming jet unit (1)    fuel regulator (2)    pipe (4)    dosing station (5)    atomization station (8)
NOVELTY - A chemical reforming hydrogen reactor has a fuel atomizer (1) with a jet (2) unit having a number of apertures (3) discharging to a dosing chamber, and a dosing aperture (6). Each aperture (3) imparts a radial vector towards the (2) jet centreline (10) at stepped heights (4). The jet has one or more transverse inserts (5) with a central aperture (11) in the direction of fuel flow (8).    USE - Chemical reforming jet for the production of hydrogen on an industrial scale. The rate at which fuel is introduced to the chamber can be matched to the heat supply within the chamber, optimizing the fuel evaporation process.    ADVANTAGE - The reaction takes place rapidly and within a very small chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each transverse insert (5) is positioned respectively just above (4.1) a net inlet (3). The jet unit is a hollow cylinder with a gas inlet located between the first height stage (4.1) and the dosing inlet (6). A further jet aperture is located in the direction of fuel flow after the last height stage and imparts an axial component vector. In manufacture the insert (5) outer margin is sealed against the jet cylinder inner wall by hydraulic pressure, welding or laser welding. The aperture (11) is rectangular or trapezoidal. The insert has a concave presentation to the oncoming fuel flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional side-view of a suitable atomizer jet.    fuel atomizer unit (1)    jet unit (2)    jet apertures (3)    stepped heights (4)    transverse insert (5)    dosing aperture (6)    centreline (10)    central aperture (11)
NOVELTY - A process for producing a combustible gas by chemically cracking plant materials involves charging crushed plant materials into a reaction vessel, extracting an effective ingredient, adding 1-10 wt.% an alkaline compound for chemical cracking at 200-900 degreesC and 1-10 atmospheres under air-free conditions to form a low-molecular weight combustible gas.    USE - For producing a combustible gas, for use as fuel gas.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method is simple, easy, practical and has good economic benefits, e.g. with full-use of resources during extraction of eucalyptus oil, vanillin, phytic acid and turmeric.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for producing a combustible gas by chemically cracking plant materials involves:    (1) charging crushed plant materials into a reaction vessel, extracting an effective ingredient by liquid-solid leaching or gas-solid extracting in the same vessel; and    (2) adding 1-10 wt.% an alkaline compound for chemical cracking at 200-900 degreesC and 1-10 atmospheres under air-free conditions to form a low-molecular weight combustible gas.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) An apparatus for producing the combustible gas comprising a reaction vessel with a residue-discharge port and a cover, feedstock inlet with cover and gas exit at the top, heated gas inlet at the bottom linked to a heater for gasification, and inlet and outlet for extractant at its upper and lower parts respectively, with a pipe connecting the extract exit through a pump for recycling to the inlet as well, the pipe of which is controlled by a 3-way valve leading to a separation and purification device for collecting and separating the extract; and    (2) A similar apparatus without the extraction equipment, in which inlet for the heated gas is at top of the reaction vessel while the heated gas exit is at its lower part also serving as the combustible gas exit, and bottom of the reactor has a product-releasing port.
NOVELTY - An organic waste material processing system, comprises a closed container which holds waste material having a high solid content, where the container has a central wall (165) which divides a main passage with one end having a waste-material inlet (148), and a sub-passage in which waste material flows in the opposite direction to that in the main passage, and forms a U-shaped material flow path.    USE - For performing anaerobic digestion of organic waste material with high-solid content, to produce manure, fertilizer, and biogas used as fuel as internal combustion engine, and for producing electric power.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficiently heating and mixing the waste material, by use of the folded heating pipe provided near the waste-material inlet. Enables moving the waste in an U-shaped path, about the central wall fitted with upper and lower heaters, for effectively heating and processing the waste material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic waste material processing system, comprises a closed container which holds waste material having a high solid content. The container has central wall (165) which divides main passage with one end having waste-material inlet (148), and sub passage in which waste material flows in opposite direction to that in main passage, and forms U-shaped material flow path. Heating pipe (142) positioned adjacent wall of container, near inlet, heats and thermally-mixes the material.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for anaerobic digestion method of waste material with high-solid content.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the waste processing system.    digester (30)    digester (40)    heating pipe (142)    inlet (148)    central wall (165)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a relatively thick supporting substrate configured to allow reactant to pass through a portion of the substrate. The supporting substrate is provided by removing portions of the supporting substrate from a relatively thick sheet to form a set of apertures. A relatively thin fuel cell (102) is formed on the relatively thick supporting substrate.    USE - Used for making fuel cell assembly in a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The relatively thin fuel cell is formed on the relatively thick supporting substrate, thereby allowing a reactant to flow in the substrate and controlling the fuel cell precisely. The method is mechanically robust and can be conducted with relatively inexpensive materials and processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a fuel cell assembly    (b) a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatic view of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (100)    Fuel cell (102)    Fuel supply (112)    Byproduct outlets (116, 118)    Controller (124)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a channel contiguous with a portion of the first and second electrodes, such that when a first liquid is contacted with the first electrode, a second liquid is contacted with the second electrode, and the two liquids flow through the channel, a multi stream laminar flow is established between the liquids, and a current density of at least 0.1 mA/cm2 is produced.    USE - The invention is used for generating electricity used for, e.g. a portable electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention requires lowered fabrication costs, provides increased efficiency, extended cell lifetimes, and reduced cell sizes and weights.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a diffusion-based micro-extractor.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer comprises an enclosure having an inlet port (4) and an outlet port (5); a plate assembly (2) for supporting a catalyst within the enclosure; and a compliant baffle (6) cooperating with the plate assembly for establishing a path for the flow of fuel gas through the reformer from the inlet port to the outlet port.    USE - For use with fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has a more optimum flow field and catalyst distribution, thus reducing non-uniformity in reforming and temperature gradients. It inhibits fuel gas leaks from the reformer prior to exposure to the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of a fuel reformer.    Plate assembly (2)    Corrugated plates (2A-2C)    Inlet port (4)    Outlet port (5)    Compliant baffle (6)    Inlet section (102)    Turn section (103)    Return section (104)    Corner (105)
NOVELTY - The device has a fuel cell which is formed to introduce air from two wall surfaces of a casing of the fuel cell and to supply fuel from an inside of the casing. The fuel cell is structured to form an air-supply space between the cell and the device. The cell is mounted in a manner that the surface of the cell is exposed to ambient air. The walls of the cell are made of a membrane electrode assembly.    USE - Used as notebook computer and personal digital computer.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell introduces air from two surfaces of a casing of the cell, thereby achieving better energy efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart for explaining relation between states of a power supply switch of an information electronic device and operations of the fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Several reactant supply element (12) comprising fuel or oxidant, are aligned so as to deliver reactant to several fuel cells (14) each comprising a graphite element arranged in communication with a catalyst.    USE - Power pack for use as power source (claimed) in electrical devices (claimed) such as cellular telephone, pager, digital video equipment, personal digital assistant (PDA), portable computer and digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cells are removably arranged in electrical device including both portable and stationary devices. The easy replacement of worn out power pack or fuel cell is enabled, while reducing the cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrical device; and    (2) electrical power source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the power pack.    supply element (12)    reactant port (13)    fuel cells (14)    reservoir (15)    pump (16)
NOVELTY - The power pack includes reactant supply element (12) which is attached to fuel reservoir (15), such that the fuel flows from reservoir to supply element. The fuel cells (14) are removably attached to the supply element which supplies the reactant comprising fuel or oxidant to the fuel cells.    USE - Fuel cell power pack e.g. direct methanol type fuel cell and proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell used for electrical device (claimed) such as cellular telephone, pager, digital video equipment, personal digital assistant (PDA), or laptop computer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel cells are removably attached to the reactant supply element, the defective or worn out fuel cell is easily removed and the convenience of using fuel cells in portable are stationary electrical device is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrical device; and    (2) fuel cell power pack manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top view of fuel cell power pack.    reactant supply element (12)    reactant port (13)    fuel cells (14)    fuel reservoir (15)    exhaust port (19)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprising fuel cell having anode(s) (7), cathode(s), and electrolytes in-between, comprises fuel supply unit supplying fuel to anodes; air supply unit supplying air to cathodes; and heat exchanger (31) having a drain (39) connected to the fuel supply unit, and exchanging heat between the air supplied to the cathode and exhaust gas exhausted from the anode to condense water from the exhaust gas and discharge water to the drain.    USE - For a mobile device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the condensed water is re-circulated to the fuel supply unit and utilized, the fuel need not be diluted by water in advance and concentrated fuel can be employed, thus the fuel cell system can have a large battery capacity even if the fuel cell system is compactly constituted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic drawing of a direct fuel cell system.    Anode (7)    Cathodes (9)    Mixing buffer tank (19)    Heat exchanger (31)    Drain (39)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel tank to store a fuel at a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure; vaporizer to vaporize the fuel; reformer to reform the vaporized fuel into a hydrogen rich gas; carbon monoxide removal apparatus to remove carbon monoxide gas in the hydrogen rich gas; and cell unit to generate electricity by allowing the hydrogen rich gas to react with oxygen.    USE - As fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system has a small and simple structure without a pump for supplying fuel and/or air to the reformer and/or cell unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer (11) is operated to reform fuel and produce reformate gas which is advanced into an internal combustion engine. The operation of the fuel reformer is ceased in response to the detection of an engine shutdown request, e.g. turning ignition key associated with engine from an on to off position. The operation of the engine is ceased in response to the reformer shutdown control signal generated in response to the cessation of the fuel reformer.    USE - For operating a power system including a fuel reformer and IC engine.    ADVANTAGE - Purges the passageway of the reformate gas produced by a fuel reformer to operate an engine for a period of time subsequent to cessation of operation of the fuel reformer. Uses a reformer controller that detects engine shutdown request and ceases operation of the fuel reformer in response to detection of the shutdown request but prior to cessation of operation of the internal combustion engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (a) Fuel reformer system; and    (b) Controlling a fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the simplified block diagram of a power system including a fuel reformer, an internal combustion engine, and a passageway to conduct a reformate gas produced by the fuel reformer to the engine.    Fuel reformer (11)
NOVELTY - A pressure loss prevention structure of a fuel cell is provided, to prevent the stopping of a flow path due to the generation of hydrogen gas during reaction and to reduce the pressure loss of fuel, thereby improving the performance of a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A separator plate(15, 16) of a fuel cell comprises a fuel electrode, an air electrode, an electrolyte membrane between the fuel electrode and the air electrode, and a fuel flow path(Cf) and an air flow path(Co) formed at the surface corresponding to the fuel electrode end the air electrode to allow fuel and air to be circulated independently each other, wherein the cross-sectional area or the fuel flow path(Cf) is widened from the entrance to the exit. Preferably a plurality of fuel flow paths are formed parallel to the one direction and the length of each fuel flow path is irregular.
NOVELTY - An air supply control device for a fuel cell system is provided, to remove a power convert device used in the initial operation of fuel cell vehicles for solving the limit of layout in development of vehicles.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air supply control device comprises a main air supplier(210) which is operated by receiving the high voltage power from the fuel cell stack and supplies air to the fuel cell system(120); an auxiliary air supplier(220) which is operated by receiving the low voltage power from an auxiliary battery(240) and supplies air to the fuel cell system; and an air supply control part(230) which generates the each operation control signal to allow the main air supplier and the auxiliary air supplier to be operated according to the normal running state and the initial state of the fuel cell vehicle. The control signal for operating the main air supplier is generated when the fuel cell vehicle is in normal running state; and the control signal for operating the auxiliary air supplier is generated in initial state.
NOVELTY - A generating device of a fuel cell having a humidifying part is provided, to improve the generation efficiency by the reaction of fuel and the humidified air and to reduce the size of a device by setting a humidifying part inside the generation device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The generating device comprises a membrane-electrode assembly(104) comprising an electrolyte membrane(101) whose both ends are adhered to an anode(102) supplied with fuel and a cathode(103) supplied with air; a pair of bipolar plates(106) which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly and has a flow path where fuel and air flow along the outer face of an anode and a cathode; a current collector(107) formed on the outer face of the bipolar plates; and humidifying part. The humidifying part such that the bipolar plate has a concave groove at the upper inside part, the fuel flows along the one side of an electrolyte membrane and the air flows along the other side, and the water contained in the fuel flows into the air to humidify the air at a humidification region(110).
NOVELTY - A sealing structure of a fuel cell generator and a packing structure of a fuel cell are provided, to prevent the loss of the fuel and air at a joining part by assembling a generator by using a joining groove and a joining projection.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is provided with a generator which comprises a membrane-electrode assembly(104) comprising an electrolyte membrane whose both ends are adhered to an anode supplied with fuel and a cathode supplied with air; a bipolar plate(106) which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly and has a flow path where the fuel and air flow; a gasket(107) placed at the circumference between the bipolar plate and the membrane-electrode assembly, for sealing; and a current collector(108) formed on the outer face of the bipolar plates. A joining groove(201) is formed at one bipolar plate along the inner circumference, and a joining projection(202) to inserted into the joining groove is formed at the other bipolar plate along the inner circumference for blocking the loss of fuel or air.
NOVELTY - A packing structure of a fuel cell is provided, to improve remarkably the generation efficiency by allowing the electrochemical reaction to be occur at both fuel electrode and air electrode at a time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the fuel stored in a fuel tank to a fuel electrode of stack, supplies air to an air electrode of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the electrochemical reaction of the fuel and air, wherein the stack(100) comprises a layered body(101) comprising a plurality of layered cells consisting of a membrane-electrode assembly whose both ends are adhered to a bipolar plate; a fuel supply manifold(102) and a fuel collection manifold(104) set at the upper part of the layered body; and an air supply manifold(103) and an air collection manifold(105) set at the lower part of the layered body. A plurality of fuel flow paths(110) and air flow paths are formed in front and back sides of the bipolar plate, and are communicated with the fuel supply manifold and the air supply manifold directly to allow a large amount of fuel to be flown at a time.
NOVELTY - This device allows bio decomposition of toilet refuse to leave no final sludge and the resulting waste water is discolored, deodorized, and sterilized for recycling as toilet flushing water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - This device allows bio decomposition of toilet refuse to leave no final sludge and the resulting waste water is discolored, deodorized, and sterilized for recycling as toilet flushing water. Existing toilet refuse is processed in various ways with the final solid refuse removed once a year and the liquid component is discharged after removing organic matters. However, this discharge creates secondary or tertiary contamination, groundwater contamination, and odor, thus forming unsanitary environment. The solid removal also causes extra cost. The proposed device consists of source water tank that stores toilet refuse and flushing water; septic tank that decomposes refuse to significantly reduce BOD level; aeration tank where both aerobic and anaerobic germs coexist and bio decomposition occurs due to aeration; No. 1 reaction tank where fixtures among specially fabricated porous bio chips form air gaps; No. 2 reaction tank where discoloring and deodorization occur; water storage tank where water transported from No. 2 reaction tank is stored; and ozone generation device that treats the processed water with BOD level less than 5 ppm using ozone to completely eliminate all refuse sludge so that the purified water can now be recycled as toilet flush water, thus contributing to water conservation and preventing environmental pollution.
NOVELTY - The organic-substance slurry, gas or liquid oxidizing agent and a solid particle having inorganic salt or char trapping function are mixed in a reactor (1). The solid particle is maintained in fluid state to decompose organic substance in supercritical, subcritical or threshold state.    USE - For recovering gas fuel during processing of waste substances such as sewage sludge, crushed foodstuffs waste material, organic waste, agricultural waste, livestock farming waste material, fishery waste material, forestry waste material.    ADVANTAGE - The usage of the catalyst material is eliminated, by mixing the slurry with solid particles. Prevents reduction in the processing capacity due to interruption of the process during poisoning of the catalyst. Since the solid particles traps inorganic salt, the occlusion of the reactor by precipitate of inorganic salt is prevented. Enables to process organic substance stably for long time period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The slurry containing 5-15 wt.% of the water is preheated to a temperature in the range 300-550degreesC and is supplied into the reactor. The slurry is preheated by a preheater (3) using exhaust gas of the reactor. The slurry is mixed with solid particles and the gas or liquid oxidizing agent. The oxidizing agent is selected from the group consisting of oxygen, air, oxygen-enriched air, ozone and hydrogen-peroxide solution. The temperature of the supercritical, threshold and subcritical state is adjusted to 450-700degreesC, by regulating preheating amount and/or supply amount of the gas or liquid oxidizing agent. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for energy recovery equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the energy recovery equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (1)    oxidizing-agent inlet (2)    organic-substance tank (5)    heat exchanger (7)    solid-particle opening (15)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst (11) is arranged in a pre-mixing chamber (12). A fuel injection valve (16) is opened to inject fuel for mixing with high-temperature air which is supplied from an air inlet tube through a constriction portion (14). The inlet side of the catalyst is divided into partitions using a distributor (17), so that the distribution density of the air-fuel mixture and the fuel in the inlet side is homogenized.    USE - For use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform distribution of fuel in the modification catalyst, ensuring stable modification reaction. Enables to fix a composition of the reformed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst is arranged in the circular section corresponding to the internal diameter of the pre-mixing chamber. The distributor is made of ceramic or stainless steel material. The fuel injection valve is arranged downstream to the constriction portion, so that the injection direction of the fuel is changed with respect to an air flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst (11)    pre-mixing chamber (12)    constriction portion (14)    fuel injection valve (16)    distributor (17)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst (11) is arranged at a mixing chamber (12) which is connected to a high temperature air inlet tube (13) through a constriction portion (19). An annular gap (17) is formed between the catalyst and the inner periphery wall of the chamber. A circulation route (15) circulates air fuel mixture between the constriction portion and the gap.    USE - Fuel modifier for generating hydrogen rich gas for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the annular gaps with air fuel mixture along the circumference of the catalyst, the temperature difference of the upper and bottom portion of the catalyst is reduced and favorable modification reaction is made possible. The recirculation route promotes mixing of air fuel mixture with uniform density. The annular gap also acts as heat insulation so as to maintain temperature of the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst of circular cross section is arranged at the downstream side of the chamber. A support plate encloses the periphery of the catalyst. A support unit maintains gap between the support plate and the chamber. The circulation route removes air from the bottom side annular gap. The vertical portion (15a) of the route extended from the constriction portion has larger diameter than the horizontal portion of the route.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst (11)    mixing chamber (12)    inlet tube (13)    circulation route (15)    vertical portion of the route (15a)    annular gap (17)    constriction portion (19)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium. The catalyst is used for shift reaction (1).    USE - For shift reaction for generation of hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has excellent heat resisting property and has excellent conversion efficiency of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst comprises titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium. The catalyst is used for shift reaction shown by the equation (1).    CO + H2O right arrow CO2 + H2 (1);    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the catalyst, which involves bake-processing the composite containing titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium, and supporting the obtained baked products;    (2) shift catalytic-reaction device, which is the reactor performing the shift reaction using the shift catalyst coated at honey-comb monolith surface holding the catalyst; and    (3) fuel modification-type hydrogen generating system, fuel cell system or fuel modification-type fuel cell electric vehicle, which has shift catalytic-reaction device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the fuel modification-type hydrogen generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon and gaseous oxygen are supplied to a solid oxide type fuel cell (32). The modification and electric power generation processes are performed simultaneously to the hydrogen of the hydrocarbon.    USE - For electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The modification method enables solid oxide type fuel cells to generate electric power with high efficiency using hydrocarbon. The gas modifier comprising the fuel cell simplifies the structure of peripheral equipment, as the need of external heating apparatus is eliminated. The generation of hydrogen is economized by the modification method of the hydrocarbon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solid oxide type fuel cell;    (2) gas modifier (31) which modifies the hydrocarbon and removes hydrogen. The modifier comprises a catalytic reaction tank, which is installed at the later stage of the fuel cell. The modification of carbon monoxide is performed in the reaction tank; and    (3) electric power generation system having an electric power generating apparatus which uses hydrogen as fuel. The unused hydrogen gas ejected from the electric power generating apparatus is returned to the gas modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the electric power generation system comprising the fuel cell and the gas modifier.    gas modifier (31)    fuel cell (32)    heating gas (33)    reformed gas (34)    waste gas (35)
NOVELTY - The ultrasonic transducers (21,22) arranged on either sides of the pipe (11), receive and transmit ultrasonic wave in forward and reverse directions, respectively. A flow amount calculator (131) calculates the flow amount based on the ultrasonic wave propagation time between the transducers. The leak sound by leak in the signal from the transducers is detected, when flow within the pipe has stopped.    USE - Ultrasonic flow meter with leak detector used in e.g. anode piping of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The ultrasonic flow meter with leak detection function detects the micro-leaks due to pinhole at appropriate time, by switching flow and leak detection nodes automatically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the ultrasonic flow meter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pipe (11)    transducers (21,22)    drive portion (121)    flow amount calculator (131)    leak detector (151)    display (201)
NOVELTY - A sludge recycle system comprises that a service company (2) buys organic soil (7) from a sludge reforming facility (1) and sells it to a consumer facility (3) e.g. a home, the consumer facility uses the soil to grow plants/trees, and a collection agency (4) collects the organic refuse (11) and supplies it to a reforming facility that reforms the refuse into organic soil.    USE - For recycling sludge from water purification plant and also for recycling organic refuse from home and restaurant.    ADVANTAGE - Provides the recycle system that recycles the sludge and organic refuse effectively, at less cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sludge recycle system comprises that a service company (2) buys organic soil (7) from a sludge reforming facility (1) and sells it to a consumer facility (3) e.g. a home, the consumer facility uses the soil to grow plants/trees, and a collection agency (4) collects the organic refuse (11) from the consumer facility and supplies it to a reforming facility that reforms the refuse into organic soil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the sludge recycle system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sludge reforming facility (1)    service company (2)    consumer facility (3)    collection agency (4)    organic soil (7)    organic refuse (11)
NOVELTY - An isotope selectivity adsorption agent contains sodium-A-type zeolite, a portion of which is substituted by calcium or zinc. The zeolite is heat processed at 650-800degreesC. The adsorption agent selectively adsorbs C-12 isotope from source gas of methane gas containing C-12 and C-13 isotopes.    USE - For selective adsorption of C-12 isotope from source gas of methane containing C-12 isotope and C-13 isotope.    ADVANTAGE - Separation concentration of C-13 isotope is easily carried out from methane, using the adsorption agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) separation concentration of isotope. The source gas of methane containing C-12 and C-13 isotopes, is contacted with adsorption system containing the isotope selective adsorption agent. C-12 isotope is adsorbed and the C-13 isotope is recovered. The adsorption agent containing C-12 isotope is guided to low pressure conditions. C-12 isotope enriched gas is desorbed and the isotope selective adsorbent is regenerated; and    (2) isotope separation concentration apparatus (1) having one or more adsorption towers (31-33) filled with the isotope selectivity adsorption agent. The entrance side flow path (A) and exit side flow path (B) are connected to the entrance side and exit side of adsorption tower, respectively. A regeneration portion (C) supplies inert gas during removal of C-12 isotope enriched gas. The C-12 isotope enriched gas is supplied to entrance side of adsorption tower by parallel current purge portion (D).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the isotope separation concentration apparatus.    isotope separation concentration apparatus (1)    adsorption towers (31-33)    entrance side flow path (A)    exit side flow path (B)    regeneration portion (C)    parallel current purge portion (D)
NOVELTY - Negative electrode (5) is provided at central axial direction of diesel-engine oil container (1) having positive electrode (6) at periphery. Voltage application unit performs repeated application of high-voltage pulses of magnitude of several kilovolts, for period up to 100 ns, to electrodes, to produce plasma discharge in oil. Decomposition unit decomposes oil by plasma discharge, to produce lower hydrocarbons.    USE - For producing lower hydrocarbons such as methane and ethylene, from hydrocarbon material such as petroleum type fuel/oil used in various internal combustion engines such as diesel engine and petrol engine, for mixing lower hydrocarbons with engine fuel; and also for producing hydrogen when used in fuel-cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easily and efficiently producing lower hydrocarbons from fuel oil, by plasma discharge process. Enables improving anti-knocking property, exhaust emission property, and fuel consumption of the engine, by mixing the lower hydrocarbons to the usual engine fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The voltage application unit applies the pulses to the electrodes, before short-circuiting of electrodes and generation of arc discharge.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for lower hydrocarbon production method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a lower hydrocarbon production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (1)    negative electrode (5)    positive electrode (6)    reformer (100)
NOVELTY - The polymer of a treated substance (11) in a mesh container (10), is dissolved by immersing in a heated oil (17) in a dissolution tank (14) and separated by a liquid cyclone (21). The polymer is gasified by a gasifier (25) and sent to a condenser (22) which recovers the cracked gas as reclaimed oil while exchanging heat with the heated oil being returned to the dissolution tank from the liquid cyclone.    USE - For reclaiming oil from treated substances such as tire, wire.    ADVANTAGE - The metal wires can be collected as it is with the mesh container while dissolving only the polymer of the treated substance. The plastic in the treated substance can be recycled by supplying the reclaimed oil recovered from the cracked gas after gasifying the polymer to the dissolution tank as a part of the heated oil. The heat input to the treated substance can be promoted by increasing the flow amount of reclaimed oil returned to the dissolution tank and causing a vortex in the dissolution tank and the dissolution can be made easier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composition of an oil formation plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    mesh container (10)    treated substance (11)    dissolution tank (14)    heated oil (17)    liquid cyclone (21)    condenser (22)    gasifier (25)
NOVELTY - The refrigeration unit consists of a compressor, a condenser, a dryer (108), a swelling unit and an evaporator (106). A coolant and a refrigerating machine oil are sealed in the refrigeration unit. The coolant is at least one type of saturated hydrocarbon of boiling point -90 to 0 degrees C containing 0.01 wt.% or less of unsaturated hydrocarbon.    USE - For refrigerator and air conditioner.    ADVANTAGE - The refrigeration unit has high reliability for long period of time, and contains reduced free moisture content. Generation of sludge is prevented. Size of the compressor is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of the refrigeration unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat-radiation pipe (103)    Capillary tube (105)    Evaporator (106)    Refrigerator (107)    Dryer (108)
NOVELTY - A primary liquid mixture produced by mixing water with waste material, is introduced into a wet grinding mill to obtain secondary liquid mixture with fine waste material particles. The amount of particles in secondary mixture, is adjusted to obtain tertiary liquid mixture.    USE - Pulverizing method of waste material e.g. waste plastic, for recycling it as fuel for boiler and gasifier.    ADVANTAGE - Fine grinding of waste material is performed efficiently at low cost using a pulverizing apparatus which requires less installation cost and hence fuel with sufficient combustion efficiency, is produced. Produces slurry with optimal viscosity and hence it is used effectively    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The primary liquid mixture consists of waste material ejected from a crusher which performs rough grinding operation. The waste material is a mixture of inflammable materials like, solid fuels e.g. coal and fuel derived from municipal waste. The secondary liquid mixture is converted into tertiary liquid mixture or dried to obtain powder.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pulverizing apparatus for waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of pulverizing apparatus.    crusher (1)    primary mixing vessel (2)    wet grinding mill (3)    solid-liquid separator (4)    secondary mixing vessel (6)    primary liquid mixture (C1)    secondary liquid mixture (C2)    water (L1)    tertiary liquid mixture (S)
NOVELTY - Static preventing liquid comprises an extract mixture (11) containing 10% extract of young plants (2) mulberry, bamboo or bamboo grass, 20% of extract of a microorganisms infected plant (3) such as sugar cane, papaya, sunflower or stevia, 30% of extract of an oil-component decomposed plant (4) such as pine, 10% of an extract of sea-weed (5), and 30% of an extract of a leaf or stalk (6) of a herb.    USE - For preventing static produced by friction of fibers such as nylon and also for use in liquid fertilizer, soil improvement material and freshness preserving material.    ADVANTAGE - The static prevention liquid effectively prevents static produced by friction of fibers. The liquid prevents contamination of organic substance and is highly safe for human skin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing the static prevention liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of contents of static prevention liquid. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    young plant (2)    microorganisms infected plant (3)    oil component decomposed plant (4)    sea-weed (5)    leaf or stalk of herb (6)    extract mixture (11)
NOVELTY - A burner comprises a fuel distributor (1) having fuel injection holes (8), an air injector (2) having air injection holes (9) surrounding the fuel distributor, a temperature detector (6) having temperature detecting portion located within combustion space (3) in vicinity of air injection hole and a flame detector.    USE - For heating a hydrogen generator in the fuel power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The burner detects accurately and correctly a flame in combustion of a fuel gas containing a low content of hydrocarbon based combustible substance. The temperature detector is not heated up to the temperature as high as the combustion space. Thus temperature detector detects the temperature within a heat resistance limit, and degradation of the temperature detector due to heat is avoided. The power generation efficiency is high, burden on environment is small, and safety is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gap is formed between the temperature detector and the inner face of the air injection hole. A width of the gap is uniform over an outer periphery of the temperature detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates cross-sectional view of burner.    fuel distributor (1)    air injector (2)    combustion space (3)    temperature detector (6)    fuel injection holes (8)    air injection holes. (9)
NOVELTY - Treatment of sewage sludge, especially of thickened sludge after a putrefaction process, is effected in the presence of an enzyme.    USE - The method is useful for sewage sludge treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple, is free of troublesome by-products and the resulting sludge is easily dewatered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a plan view of the process.    enzyme supply unit (16)    reactor (18)    peroxide supply units (21,24)    decanter (25)    separator (27)
NOVELTY - An automotive fuel cell has an afterburner which processes residual gases arising from the reforming process and/or from a fuel cell operation. The afterburner has a jet (2) delivering fuel and residual gases to the combustion chamber (8) and an air supply. The combustion chamber has a void which especially is filled by an opened/pored ceramic foam block (4).    USE - Afterburner for automotive fuel cell residual gases. Regulated admission of fuel and air to the afterburner chamber operates without a supplementary atomizer to produce ultra-fine droplets, resulting in excellent distribution of the combustion gases throughout the chamber.    ADVANTAGE - The combustion reaction proceeds to almost total completion which combines high energy conversion efficiency with ultra-low emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The foam block is made in part or whole of silicon carbide and formed by reticulation. The foam block is electrically heated and in direct contact with the burner chamber wall, to which it surrenders heat. The foam block bears a catalytic coating of platinum. The afterburner further has an ignition system which is a heated helical wire (14) or glow plug. The ignition system is located between the ceramic block and jet, or within the foam block. The jet has a swirl nozzle or a multi-hole nozzle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the afterburner.    Afterburner (1)    jet (2)    Component (3)    ceramic foam (4)    tubular housing (5)    flame zone (6)    gas outlet (7)    burner chamber (8)    upper ring (9)    lower ring (10)    lower ring (11)    glow plug/heater coil (14)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell main portion (101) comprises a fuel electrode (102) and an oxidizer electrode (108). An organic liquid fuel (124) is converted into vapor or mist (337) and is supplied to the fuel electrode, and an oxidizer (126) is supplied to the oxidizer electrode, for generating electric power.    USE - Fuel cell for portable device (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) portable device; and    (2) fuel cell operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell main portion (101)    fuel electrode (102)    oxidizer electrode (108)    organic liquid fuel (124)    oxidizer (126)    converter (335)    fuel cell (350)
NOVELTY - The ends of fuel channel in the fuel electrode (102) are connected to one ends of a fuel supply line (435) and a fuel network line (437). The other ends of the fuel supply line and the fuel network line are connected to a fuel container (425) so as to hermetically seal the fuel (124) in a route from the fuel channel to the fuel container.    USE - Fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell driving method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (100)    fuel electrode (102)    fuel (124)    fuel container (425)    fuel supply line (435)    fuel return line (437)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a fuel cell unit (2) with two fuel cells (22, 23) of which one cell generates electric power using an auxiliary mechanism for fuel supply. Another cell generates electric power without the mechanism. A switching circuit (24) is coupled to the cells for selecting one of the cells. An electronic device is coupled to the circuit. The device is operated with the electric power provided from the selected cell.    USE - Used as a mobile information terminal e.g. portable personal computer and personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell unit is designed to be easily detached and replaced with a new fuel cell or the same fuel cell after refilling the fuel. The apparatus improves the fuel consumption efficiency and prevents noise from occurring due to the auxiliary mechanism e.g. pump in a power-off state of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of providing an electronic apparatus with electric power from fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a hardware configuration of a fuel cell unit in a portable personal computer.    Fuel cell unit (2)    Fuel tank (21)    Vaporization-type direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) (22)    Auxiliary-type (DMFC) (23)    Switching circuit (24)    Microcomputer (25)
NOVELTY - The article has a compressed mass of expanded graphite particles in a form of a sheet (10) with two opposed surfaces. The sheet has a number of transverse fluid channels (20) passing between the opposed surfaces. One surface forms an open groove (300) that communicates with the fluid channels. The groove has a floor and walls with the fluid channels passing through it.    USE - Used as a substrate for forming a fluid permeable e.g. gas diffusing electrode in an electrochemical fuel cell e.g. proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The channels extending through the opposed surfaces facilitate a free flow of gases such as oxygen, thereby increasing surface area of catalyst to which the gas is exposed. The channels encourage turbulence in the gases, thereby promoting the fuel cell reactions. The graphite sheet provides high thermal dissipation at a periphery of an electrode, thereby minimizing the requirements of the cooling units in the cell. The article provides a relatively thin electrode, thus eliminating a need for one or both flow field plates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming a graphite article.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top plan view of an article formed of a sheet material having a continuous open-top groove formed in its upper surface.    Sheet (10)    Fluid channels (20)    Open groove (300)    Fluid inlet (303)    Fluid outlet (305)
NOVELTY - A series of sensors sense pressure, temperature and liquid level in electrolytic cell (26). A controller connected to the electrolytic cell, controls the operation of the cell based on the sensor output.    USE - For supplying hydrogen into fuel mixture for burning in internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - Increase the burning efficiency thereby reducing noxious excision to the environment, engine maintenance and fuel cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the electrolytic hydrogen generator.    base unit (18)    mounting unit (20,22)    conduit (24)    electrodes (48,50)
NOVELTY - Wastes containing rubber and organic municipal wastes as lawsan are utilized into a chemical substrate, engine fuel by liquefying the wastes at conditions of elevated temperature and pressure in hydrocarbon solvent and with collection of liquid products and their rectification in the presence of inert gas or in mixture of inert gases at 60-310degreesC and under 0.1-0.2 MPa.    USE - For utilizing wastes containing rubber and organic municipal wastes as lawsan, polystyrol or polymers into a chemical substrate.    ADVANTAGE - The invented method allows elimination of the rare soil elements, intermetallic compounds based on titanium, cobalt or nickel. It increases pressure and simplifies technology, increases process ecological purity, and increases number of fractions with the boiling temperature of up to 200degreesC without presence of sulfur and sulfur compounds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Utilization of wastes containing rubber and organic municipal wastes as lawsan, polystyrol or polymers into a chemical substrate engine, fuel involves liquefying the wastes at conditions of elevated temperature and pressure in hydrocarbon solvent and with collection of liquid products and their rectification in the presence of inert gas or in mixture of inert gases at 60-310degreesC and under 0.1-0.2 MPa and are collected directly from the reactor liquid hydrocarbon fractions, in the first stage or process fractions at up to 200degreesC, in the second stage of process fractions with temperatures exceeding 200degreesC and in the third stage of process residue is dried at 270-310degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the system for processing of wastes.    Reactor (1)    Reactor cover (2)    Condenser (4)    Rectifying column (5)    Heating oven (6)
NOVELTY - An electrolyzer (2) has an electrolysis chamber (4), an anode (14), a cathode (16) and at least one supplemental electrode (24) interposed between the anode and cathode in a fixed spatial relationship. The electrodes are parallel to each other with each electrode separated from the adjacent electrode by a distance of 0.15 - 0.35 (preferably 0.25) inches. The electrolyzer has a rack (20) with grooves (18) to hold the electrodes.    USE - Hydrolyzes water to provide a gas mixture of hydrogen and oxygen gas to a fuel system in an internal combustion engine e.g. vehicle fuel system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen and oxygen gas mixture mixed with the fuel improves the fuel efficiency of the internal combustion engine. Utilization of the supplemental electrodes greatly increases the electrode surface area. The principal and supplemental electrodes are easily removed and replaced from the rack due to their simple rectangular or square metallic shape along with the detachable rack and retainer. The electrolyzer is simple to fabricate with end-user replaceable components and high electrode surface area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte solution in which electrodes are partially immersed, fills the electrolysis chamber to a certain level to form a gas reservoir region (12) to deliver a gas mixture to a fuel system. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method to increase the fuel efficiency of an internal combustion engine by using the electrolyzer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of an electrolyzer.    electrolyzer (2)    electrolysis chamber (4)    gas reservoir region (12)    anode (14)    cathode (16)    grooves (18)    rack (20)    supplemental electrodes (24, 26, 28, 30)    outlet for gas. (31)
NOVELTY - The stack has a cascade region (15) with a series of stages, each including a surface terminating in passages at opposite edges. Each passage of each stage except the last directs fuel to the surface of a next stage. The passages of the last stage direct fuel onto a cascade exit surface to spread fuel in dimensions not parallel with passages. An open cavity is disposed between flow field inlets and the exit surface.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The stack provides uniform distribution of fuel, thereby enhancing performance during startup or transient operation of the stack. The durability of the cell stacks is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of providing fuel to a fuel cell stack having an array of contiguous fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partially sectioned, partially broken away perspective view of a cascade fuel inlet manifold.    Fuel cell stack (11)    Fuel flow field (12)    Inlet (14)    Cascade region (15)    Stages (17-23)    Slots (24-26)
NOVELTY - A method of delivering propane to customer measuring a mass flow rate of the propane using a Coriolis flowmeter (F1) when the propane is delivered from a transport vehicle to customer. Using (F1), a gross volume of propane based on the mass flow rate is optionally determined and then an adjusted volume of the propane based on the mass flow rate and a constant value is determined.    USE - For measurement of mass flow rate and subsequently determine gross volume of propane when delivered from a transport vehicle to customer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the adjusted volume from the mass flow rate is determined, a more information, less maintenance and greater accuracy can be obtained. Coriolis flowmeters withstand the rigors of roadable use and do not wear out in the manner of prior meters.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The constant value corresponds to a density of propane at a reference temperature.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of delivering propane.
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel distribution units (120, 134) associated with an electrode and configured to distribute reactant over a portion of an electrode surface. A reactant supply apparatus supplies reactant to the fuel distribution units under pressure. The electrode comprises an anode and the reactant comprises the liquid fuel. The fuel distribution units and the electrode are separate structural units.    USE - Used for converting fuel and oxidant into electricity and reaction product.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel distribution units distributes the reactant over the portion of the electrode surface, and the reactant supply apparatus supplies reactant to fuel distribution units under pressure, thereby achieving a uniform distribution of fuel over the anodes. The more efficient removal of the byproducts while improving the fuel cell reaction rates and increase power density is achieved in the direct methanol fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a method of supplying a liquid reactant to fuel cell electrode    (b) a method of operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side, section view of a portion of a fuel cell stack.    Direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) (102)    Fuel distribution units (120, 134)    Fuel supply channel (124)    Apertures (136)    Cap (138)    Opening (140)
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for producing and collecting bio gas, natural gas, using livestock excrement to obtain alternative energy source and prevent environment pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a bio gas generation tank(100) for generating bio gas using livestock excrement; a gas collection tank(200) connected to the bio gas generation tank(100) for collecting the generated bio gas by a gas suction valve(208), a moisture and odor separation tank(300) connected to the collection tank(200) for purifying the generated bio gas by eliminating ammonia, moisture and odor from the generated bio gas, a gas compression tank for compressing the purified gas to have a predetermined pressure, the gas compression tank being comprised of a gas suction pipe, a gas tank for storing gas, a gas pressure adjusting pin formed at an upper part of the gas tank, a compressor and motor, a pressure gauge, an air vent valve, and a gas exhaustion pipe, and a pressure adjustment tank for separating and storing the compressed gas.
NOVELTY - Automatic control method (M1) for manufacturing compost by increasing the efficiency of energy consumption, involves carrying out all parameters for manufacturing compost, and adjusting the controlling factor to save labor.    USE - (M1) is useful for manufacturing compost (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) saves labor and energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) controlling the tank temperature, by performing primary fermentation of compost, and monitoring temperature of primary fermentation process by automatically adjusting the temperature by supplying air from air supply heater, while maintaining the temperature suitable for fermentation, pathogenic microbe and parasitic egg, seeds of plants, weeds are annihilated to maintain the compost hygienically safe;    (2) automatic controlling of deodorizing apparatus, involves adjusting the air ventilation fan according to pH value to have highly efficient deodorizing effect, to deodorize the ammonia odor in compost, and monitoring the waste liquid pH; and    (3) confirming audio during the operation management in process of manufacturing compost, by introducing audio system to the control unit to generate sound at the time of trouble.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows compost manufacture unit with temperature control unit and deodorizing instillation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    dehydration cake transfer conveyor (9)    dewatered-sludge transfer pump (10)    knife gate valve (11)    mixed raw material transfer conveyor (12)    pushing conveyor (13)    kiln (14)    primary fermenter (14c)    temporary fermenter (14d)    cut-off conveyor (15)    ventilating fan (16)    measuring device (17)
NOVELTY - Preparing manure using cattle feces as main raw material, involves adding concentrated shochu-liquor dregs (15-35 weight% of solid content), and carrying out fermentation, where the shochu-liquor dregs is added to the cattle feces before start of fermentation, or just after the start of fermentation. The method optionally involves mixing plant growth promoting fungi after the completion of fermentation, and allowing it to mature.    USE - The method is useful for preparing manure.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective usage of shochu-liquor dregs, and prepares full-matured manure stably in a short period of time.
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring level of carbon dioxide in the gas generated during compost processing. A processing apparatus is stopped after preset time period after injection of the processed material. The apparatus is restarting based on the reduction in the level of carbon dioxide from maximum level relative to a preset value, at specific time period.    USE - For operating compost processing apparatus used for processing waste such as garbage, human waste, residue of foodstuffs, plant and animal waste into fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to improve the processing efficiency of the compost, by regulating operation of the processing apparatus based on concentration of the carbon dioxide in the generated gas. Facilitates evaporation of the water content, accelerating compost processing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stirring blade stirs process object injected into a processing tank. The level of carbon dioxide gas generated during compost processing is measured. The maximum carbon dioxide levels is set up initially. The difference in the carbon dioxide level after completion of drive mode is determined as a standard difference in concentration of the carbon dioxide. The apparatus is restarted based on reduction on carbon-dioxide level relative to a preset value. The preset value is 0.2.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow chart of the operating method for compost processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A water temperature retainer (133) maintains the temperature of waste water in aerator (115), such that the temperature does not fall below a preset temperature. The volume reduction processing of the solid component provided in the waste water, is performed in the aerator.    USE - Sewage disposal tank for garbage drainage treatment system (claimed) used for treating garbage waste ejected from kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - Since volume reduction process and sedimentation of the solid component provided in the waste water are performed reliably, the structure of the sewage disposal tank is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) garbage drainage treatment system; and    (2) waste water treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the garbage drainage treatment system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    garbage drainage treatment tank (103)    treatment tank housing (110)    inflow path (113)    aerator (115)    water temperature retainer (133)
NOVELTY - Dephosphorization promoting method comprising forming theoretical plate number defined by tracer experiment in aerobic tank, and circulating between plates in mean time, such that dissolved oxygen of plate is set to 2 mg/l or less and the phosphorus elimination is made into 70% or more. The method is performed using an aerobic/anaerobic circular type activated sludge treatment method, is new.    USE - The method is useful for reducing phosphorus content during activated sludge treatment method of wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The phosphorus content is reduced sharply, reliably and stably at low cost during wastewater treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic diagram of tank circular type activated sludge disposal system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic tank (11)    Aerobic tank (14)    Partition plate (15)    Membrane separator (16)    Draft tube (25)
NOVELTY - A stirring unit (5) is rotatably supported in a treatment tank (1), by a rotary shaft (5a). Multiple arms (5c) each having symmetrical promotion surfaces, are fixed to the rotary shaft. A trapezoidal shaped stirring blade (5e) having a promotion surface and a non-promotion surface orthogonal to the rotary shaft, is attached to the terminal end of each arm.    USE - For stirring organic waste such as human waste, livestock waste for producing manure, in processing apparatus, and also for manufacturing processed food, drink using rice, wheat, buckwheat, soybean, sesame and vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - The stirring of organic waste is efficiently performed. The assembly of the stirring apparatus is easily performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic waste in the tank is stirred by rotating the rotary shaft. The treatment tank is cylindrical shaped in which the organic waste and the microorganism are stirred. A temperature raising unit and a pressure reducer, are arranged to raise the temperature and reduced pressure inside the tank, respectively. The rotary shaft and the arms are set hollow, such that the heat carrier is circulated through the hollow portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a top view of the stirring apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    treatment tank (1)    stirring unit (5)    shaft (5a)    arm (5c)    stirring blade (5e)
NOVELTY - A livestock farming system, involves supplying mixed feed, water and plant-type activity catalyst liquid to the hen in a henhouse (10), mixing excretion and fermentation regulator, sending to compost depot (17), spraying deodorizing/microbe elimination/dust-proof washing agent, to the compost depot in henhouse, ploughing the excretion in the compost depot after a preset interval and obtaining humus organic fertilizer.    USE - For forming humus organic fertilizer from livestock excretion such as hen, pig and cow.    ADVANTAGE - The health of the hen, pig and cow is maintained efficiently by the method. High quality humus organic fertilizer is produced by the method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A livestock farming system, involves supplying mixed feed containing feed additive, drinking water and plant-type activity catalyst liquid to the hen in a henhouse, mixing excretion and fermentation regulator, sending to compost depot, spraying or dispersing deodorizing/microbe elimination/dust-proof washing agent, respectively to the compost depot in the henhouse, ploughing the excretion sent into the compost depot after a predetermined interval and obtaining humus organic fertilizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the livestock farming system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    henhouse (10)    feed silo (11)    drinking water tank (13)    excitation part (14)    washing tank (15)    fermentation agent tank (16)    compost depot (17)    mixing vessel (18)    excretion tank (19)
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition comprises octa fluoro cyclobutane (RC318) and butane (R600).    USE - For refrigerant circuit (claimed), air conditioning machines, and refrigeration units such as refrigerator and freezer.    ADVANTAGE - The refrigerant composition has excellent flame retarding property, handleability, and safety. The composition does not destroy the ozone layer, and has favorable cooling capability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for refrigerant circuit (1), which is obtained by connecting sequentially compressor (2), condenser (3), capillary tube (6) and evaporator (7), and sealing with refrigerant composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the refrigerant coolant circuit.    refrigerant coolant circuit (1)    compressor (2)    condenser (5)    capillary tube (6)    evaporator (7)
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether steam reforming catalyst is obtained by mixing a zeolite containing gallium and silica, with a precursor mixture containing copper and zinc.    USE - For dimethyl ether steam reforming used for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas (claimed) used for semiconductors, hydrogenation of ammonia synthesis and organic compounds, petroleum refining, desulfurization, metallurgy and glass manufacture, and as raw material for fuel cells used as power source of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity and selectivity. Mixed gas of high hydrogen concentration is easily and economically manufactured using the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.
NOVELTY - A fuel modifier (2) in fuel reformer modifies a small portion of incomplete combustion fuel. Another fuel modifier (3) at the downstream side of modifier (2), modifies remaining fuel by reacting with water vapor.    USE - For solid oxide-type fuel cell used as electric power unit for mobile electronic device and electric power-assisted bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains combustion and modification of fuel with high efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of self-heat supply-type fuel reformer.    combustor (1)    fuel modifiers (2,3)    fuel pipe (4)    bypass fuel pipe (5)    cell stack (7)
NOVELTY - Waste materials, such as biomass or organic waste, are supplied to a rotary kiln (1) having a stirring blade which stirs a furnace core tube (3). Coke is supplied to kiln, and mixed. Tar and/or char produced by thermal decomposition of waste material are gasified in gas modification portion (3b) downstream, rather than gasification portion (3a). The gasified gas is cooled, and coke is ejected from furnace core tube.    USE - For gasifying waste materials, such as biomass, organic waste, refuse-derived fuel (RDF) and recycled plastics fuel (RPF).    ADVANTAGE - The novel gasification method enables recycle of waste material as fuel gas. The tar and/or char produced during cooling does not adheres with inner face of rotary kiln. The control of tar produced from waste material is easily enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste materials, such as biomass or organic waste, are supplied to a rotary kiln having a stirring blade which stirs a furnace core tube. Coke is supplied to kiln and mixed. The waste material is gasified in the gasification portion (3a) of furnace core tube during stirring. Tar and/or char produced by thermal decomposition of waste material are gasified in the gas-modified portion downstream, rather than in the gasification portion. The gasified gas is cooled, and coke is ejected from the furnace core tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the waste material gasifier used in the above method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    rotary kiln (1)    raw material inserting feeder (2)    furnace core tube (3)    dry gasification portion (3a)    gas modified portion (3b)    heater (7)
NOVELTY - Shredder dust (N) is heat processed at 350-450 degreesC in a carbonization promotion chamber (a2). The carbonization promotion chamber is maintained at low temperature, in which the carbonized material is cooled and formed into preset shape. The preset shaped carbonized material is used as fuel.    USE - For forming fuel using shredder dust generated during recycle processing of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The shredder dust is recycled and reused effectively, and is carbonized safely. The novel fuel formed has high thermal efficiency in a combustion furnace.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of combustion of the above fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel apparatus.    exhaust gas pipe (2,12)    front and back chambers of carbonization container (a1,a3)    carbonization promotion chamber (a2)    shredder dust (N)
NOVELTY - Silicon and water are oxidized, to produce hydrogen.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen as clean energy.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced stably for long period of time, without the counter measure of by-product and without using external energy such as electric power. Hydrogen is manufactured inexpensively using water such as tap water. Hydrogen is produced in simple structure. The hydrogen production reaction is controllable by adjusting at least one of water temperature and reaction system pressure. The generation amount of hydrogen is increased, and hydrogen is obtained stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for manufacture of hydrogen. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction container (1)    heating unit (2)    vapor-liquid separation trap (3)    water tank (4)    collector (5)
NOVELTY - An active substance containing hydrogen is supplied into a convergence pipe of a reactor (1). A low-boiling substance containing hydrogen is gasified to produce high pressure gas. The high pressure gas is supplied into the pipe for producing shock wave for impact compression of the active substance such that the active substance is heated to a high temperature for generating hydrogen-containing gas.    USE - Manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacture of hydrogen at low cost by ensuring impact compression of the active substances with low energy. The need for separate apparatus for supplying active substance in the convergence pipe is eliminated, reducing the installation cost of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus which has convergence pipe accommodating active substance. A high-pressure-gas generation chamber (10) is arranged for gasification of low-boiling-substance containing hydrogen. A waste heat boiler (11) supplies water vapor into the convergence pipe of the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (1)    high pressure gas generation chamber (10)    waste heat boiler (11)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen permeation material comprises a rock salt structure nitride film between palladium-rare earth metal alloy film and a porous support (1). A palladium film or a palladium-silver alloy film is provided on the surface of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film.    USE - Separating hydrogen from mixed gas such as crude gas containing hydrogen gas and another gas material, for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The material has hydrogen permeability for long period of time. The firm adhesion of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film and the nitride film improves the hydrogen permeability of the material. Deterioration of hydrogen permeability of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film is suppressed, and oxidation of the rare earth metal is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the hydrogen permeation material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side face model of the cylindrical-shaped porous support.    porous support (1)    porous portion (2)    cap (3)    pipe (4)
NOVELTY - A control unit (5) controls the concentration of odorizing agent in the hydrogen which is supplied from a tank (6) to a polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC)(1) through a supply path (3). The hydrogen released from the fuel cell is recirculated back to the supply path.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to PEFC used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of the odorization agent in the hydrogen is maintained and the agent is not ejected out of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sensor (7) measures the concentration of the odorization agent in the hydrogen present in the circulation path. A purge path (4) ejects the hydrogen from the PEFC. The control unit consists of a deodorizer (5a) and a bypass (5b). The hydrogen is passed through the bypass to the PEFC, when the concentration of the odorizing agent in the hydrogen is below a predetermined level. The hydrogen is deodorized and supplied to the fuel cell when the concentration of hydrogen is more than the predetermined level. The concentration of the odorizing agent is measured based on the amount of hydrogen released out of the system. A hydrogen collection receptacle having an hydrogen occlusion alloy, is connected to the purge path. The hydrogen released out of the system is collected with the receptacle and recirculated to the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the structure of the hydrogen supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    PEFC (1)    Supply path (3)    Purge path (4)    Control unit (5)    Deodorizer (5a)    Bypass (5b)    Tank (6)    Sensor (7)
NOVELTY - Organic wastewater containing amino polycarboxylic acid is processed by performing high-speed electrolytic oxidation process to amino polycarboxylic acid-containing organic wastewater.    USE - For processing of electrolytic plating wastewater and non-electrolytic plating wastewater emitted from paper and pulp industry, photograph industry, fiber industry, plating industry and cosmetic industry (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Chemical oxygen demand of the organic wastewater containing amino polycarboxylic acid, is reduced. The wastewater treatment method is economic.
NOVELTY - The sensors (30,32) measure the concentration of the component contained in the wastewater and the treated water respectively. The amount of microorganisms decomposing the impurities of the wastewater is determined, based on the difference between the measured component concentrations. The determined amount of microorganisms contained in a tank (2), is related with the impurities decomposing capability of the microorganisms.    USE - For supporting the operation of biological treatment apparatus used for purifying the wastewater ejected from homes, dairy farms, restaurant, hospital, vocational school, athletic plant, medical institutions.    ADVANTAGE - The wastewater is purified stably, by accurately measuring concentration of the component contained in wastewater and treated water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) biological treatment apparatus driving support program; and    (2) biological treatment apparatus operation support system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the biological treatment plant operation supporting system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    biological treatment tank (2)    sensors (30,32)    network (36,40)    database (42)    computers (38)
NOVELTY - The gas sensor (1) has a gas passageway (41) provided along the thickness direction of sensor housing, for introducing calibration gas from exterior to interior of a gas detection chamber (27). A non-return valve (44) in the passageway, regulates the gas distributed from orifice (43) for adjusting the flow amount of calibration gas introduced into detection chamber.    USE - Combustion gas sensor mounted in fuel cell vehicle, for detecting hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.    ADVANTAGE - Enables calibrating the gas sensor accurately at proper time. The flow amount of calibration gas can be adjusted easily and appropriately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view of the gas sensor.    gas sensor (1)    temperature-compensation element (32)    gas detection chamber (27)    gas passageway (41)    orifice (43)    non-return valve (44)
NOVELTY - The pump (1) has magnetic diaphragm (15) arranged, such that it sucks and discharges fluid to and from pump casing (3), by the vibration due to an electromagnet (19). A weight (17) is provided with the diaphragm for increasing amplitude.    USE - For fuel cells and batteries for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Increase of diaphragm amplitude ensures convenient and efficient suction and discharge of fluids.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of pump for fuel cell.    pump (1)    pump casing (3)    diaphragm (15)    weight (17)    electromagnet (19)
NOVELTY - Desulfurizing biogas, comprising removing hydrogen sulfide in biogas substantially with a photosynthesis microbe by contacting biogas obtained by methane fermentation with digestive liquor for processing which inoculates and bred the photosynthesis microbes, is new. The hydrogen sulfide in biogas is digested with a photosynthetic microbe.    USE - The method is useful for desulfurizing biogas useful with gas engine and solid polymer fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The biogas is effectively desulfurized so that the biogas can be used with gas engine and solid polymer fuel cells. The desulfurized biogas has high industrial value. The desulfurizing method carries out methane fermentation of organic waste, and obtains fuel cell and methane for gas-turbine fuels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows apparatus (bath type) used by the bio-desulfurized method.    Acid-producing tank (1)    Methane-fermentation tank (2)    Digestive-liquor treatment tank (3)    Bio-desulfurized tank (4)    Gas holder (5)
NOVELTY - An aqueous stamp ink composition contains substance having thermal expansion property and resin emulsion whose minimum film forming temperature is 20 degreesC or less.    USE - For inkpad, stencils pad, ballpoint pen, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The aqueous stamp ink composition has excellent fixing property.
NOVELTY - Portable electrical power supply comprises a first housing that contains a fuel cell stack (40); and a second housing containing a power conditioner and output mechanism. The second housing is movably attached to the first to move between positions relative to the first housing. In the first position the fuel cell stack is activatable to produce electricity. In the second position, the fuel cell stack is deactivated. The output mechanism is accessible to a user in the first position.    USE - For fuel cells used to produce electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - A safe and convenient fuel cell unit is provided. The fuel cell is kept separate from the power conditioning circuitry, minimizing the possibility of waste products from the fuel cell stack coming into contact with the power conditioning circuitry.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a fuel cell unit and a diagrammatic view of the internal components of a fuel cell unit.    Lower compartment (20)    Wall (21)    Plungers (22)    Hinge (25)    Fuel cell stack (40)    Power conversion circuits (60)
NOVELTY - An oxygen lance for high temperature gasification of optionally thermally-pretreated waste has channels (I, II and III) for transport of reaction oxygen, introduction of fuel and introduction of oxygen fuel, channel (I) being identical to channel (II) and containing a device which controls the introduced oxygen in at least two flow-through conditions.    USE - In the high temperature gasification of waste.    ADVANTAGE - The dangers and disadvantages of prior-art lances are overcome, e.g. condensation of synthesis gas components is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating the lance in a high temperature reactor by operating with a permanent flame and operating firstly with the fuel and oxygen for the flame in approximately stoichiometric ratio and secondly with the oxygen in a super-stoichiometric ratio to the fuel such that a fraction of the oxygen acts as reaction partner in the high temperature reactor, the oxygen pressure always being chosen such that it is higher than the partial pressure in the high temperature reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a control device for the oxygen lance with valves (IV and V) in parallel for the oxygen stream, a control valve (VI) for the separately-introduced fuel and a stop valve (12).
NOVELTY - The system has at least one anode gas source, an anode gas feed line with gas flow regulators corresponding to the number of anode gas sources, an anode output gas line, at least one cathode gas source, a cathode gas feed line with gas flow regulators corresponding to the number of cathode gas sources, a cathode output gas line, a single cell voltage measurement device and measurement, control and regulation devices for operating the test system.    USE - For testing fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Enables testing of fuel cells under all likely operating conditions to comprehensively test and assess fuel cell performance, durability and safety.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive fuel cell test system    magnetic valve (1)    gas flow regulators (2,27,29,31,33,35)    pressure corner valves (3,43)    additional humidifier (4)    3-way magnetic valve (6)
NOVELTY - Continual process to extract carbon-based fuel from a renewable vegetable biomass involves shredding and chopping the non pre-sorted biomass by a mechanical process. The particles are then mixed, heated by saturated steam in the absence of oxygen and then pressed to create nodules.    USE - To convert vegetable biomass to carbon-based fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The novel process increases the range of natural resources from which carbon-based fuel may be derived.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the continued absence of oxygen, the nodules are again chopped and shredded and passed through a series of wet and dry distillation stages forming a carbon-based fuel (RC). The sole heating medium applied is saturated steam, high pressure steam and superheated steam. RC is used as a substitute for coal and charcoal, also as a hydration starting material the synthesis of hydrocarbons employed as a substitute for crude oil and natural gas. The raw biomass is harvested from re-planted soil which is irrigated by waste water of rainwater quality. Suitably clean waste water may be abstracted from impure water by solar energy. The overall process uses sub-processes which are adapted from currently used coal processes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an assembly for the conversion of vegetable waste to carbon-based fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the rate at which carbon dioxide deposits are trapped in the soil through geological time, by the above method. (Drawing includes non English-language text).
NOVELTY - A calming container (CC) (23) for a liquid coolant with a gas collection area (GCA) (22) is downstream to an outlet (19) for a cooling device (15) for a fuel cell (1). A gas outlet valve (25) on the GCA is activated at a preset gas volume/pressure in the CC and links to an oxygenated gas intake system on the output side via an exit channel (26) with no ignition sources for ignitable gas mixture.    USE - For cooling a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Gases are fed to an air mass flow from the exit channel near an air filter on an air intake system. As a result, a good even blend is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for cooling a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a connection diagram of a fuel cell system with a heat exchanger and a cooling device in a cooling circuit with a fluid liquid coolant.    Fuel cell (1)    Cooling device (15)    Outlet for cooling device (19)    Gas collection area (22)    Calming container (23)    Gas outlet valve (25)    Exit channel (26)
NOVELTY - The bipolar plate (1) for fuel cell stacks comprises outer plates (2, 3) and an interposed supply plate (6) which incorporates channels (7) for cooling the outer plates, as well as channels (8, 10) leading into openings (9, 11) of the respective outer plates.    USE - For separation of the cells in fuel cell stacks.    ADVANTAGE - The simply and cost effectively producible plate is compact, resists corrosion, and fulfills effective media supply, cooling and sealing functions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a section through the proposed bipolar plate.    Outer plates (2, 3)    Supply plate (6)    Outer plate cooling channels (7)    Media channels (8, 10)    Outer plate openings (9, 11)
NOVELTY - A saline-alkali resistant fertilizer for making paddy rice seedling stronger is prepared from the organic fertilizer prepared from straw, stalk and peat by fermentation, the inorganic fertilizer including ammonium sulfate, calcium hyperphosphate, potassium sulfate (or chloride), etc. the acidity regulator prepared from furaldehyde, charred rich husk and gypsum, and disinfectant (hymexazol, etc). Its advantages are multiple functions and high effect.
NOVELTY - A fuel-cell vehicle having an on-board ultraviolet ammonia cracker for liquid anhydrous ammonia as a fuel which may be photodissociated with ultraviolet light    USE - The fuel-cell vehicle is useful for ground transportation    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia has a high hydrogen content from a relatively small volume, high energy density and is nonflammable    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel-cell vehicle, comprises (a) an ammonia tank for storing anhydrous ammonia fuel in liquid form under pressure, (b) a gas regulator for vaporizing the ammonia, (c) an ultraviolet ammonia cracker for producing an output gas containing gaseous hydrogen, that comprises an ultraviolet light source for generating electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region, and (d) a fuel-cell stack for generating electrical power from an electrochemical reaction between gaseous hydrogen generated and gaseous oxygen from ambient air to drive electric motor for vehicle propulsion.
NOVELTY - Enhancing (M1) the production of a desired product in a bacterial host cell (I), involves modifying (I) by inactivating an endogenous arcA gene, and culturing the modified (I) in suitable culture media which comprises glucose, under aerobic conditions to allow production of a desired product.    USE - (M1) is useful for enhancing the production of a desired product in (I), where the desired product is chosen glycerol, PEP, pyruvate, chorismate, ethanol, succinate and dihydroxyacetone-P, preferably chorismate that is further converted in to an aromatic amino acid (claimed). (M1) is useful for altering the metabolic pathways in bacterial strains, preferably E.coli.    ADVANTAGE - (M1) enables enhancement of the production of the desired products in (I) (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) modified bacteria host cell obtained by (M1);    (2) enhancing (M2) biomass production in (I), involves the steps of (M1), where the culture conditions include aerobic fermentation and glucose as a carbon source, and the biomass production is enhanced in modified (I) compared to biomass production in a corresponding non-modified (I) cultured under essentially the same conditions;    (3) modified bacterial cell obtained by (M2);    (4) a genetically engineered bacterial strain (II) of Enterobacteriaceae family, comprising an inactivated endogenous arcA gene and an overexpressed polypeptide having phosphoenolpyruvate (PEP) carboxylase activity;    (5) a genetically engineered bacterial strain (III) comprising an inactivated endogenous rpoS gene; and (vi) modified Escherichia coli host cell obtained by enhancing the production of aromatic amino acid in an E.coli host.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plasmid map of pSYCO101.
NOVELTY - The signals representing gas concentration sensed by sensor array (12), is generated. A microprocessor (14) calculates local gas concentration profile such as gradient of gas concentration and direction of higher gas concentration, based on sensed signal. The sensor array is moved to new location based on the profile. Measurement of gas concentration is repeated until a stopping condition is achieved.    USE - For detecting location of leakage of gas such as hydrogen, natural gas and carbon monoxide in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiently and accurately determines the location of gas leakage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas leak location detection apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the gas leak location detection apparatus.    Sensor array (12)    Microprocessor (14)    Calculation system (16)    Actuator control system (18)    Display (20)    Actuator (22)
NOVELTY - The refrigeration system injects refrigerant from a liquid refrigerant line into a scroll compressor chamber at an intermediate pressure. The refrigerant contains high content of low boiling-point components and components with boiling points varying by 50degreesC. A heater is fixed to an oil sump of the scroll compressor.    USE - For use in biomedical applications, cryoelectronics, optical coating operations, industrial and commercial coating operations and semiconductor manufacturing applications.    ADVANTAGE - The usage of the scroll compressor reduces the size of the cryogenic refrigeration system. Prevents accumulation of the liquid refrigerant in the sump, by operating the heater during off cycle. Enables to improve overall efficiency of the refrigeration system, by regulating circulation of the refrigerants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The multi-component refrigerant contains 50% of low boiling refrigerants, medium and warm boiling refrigerants. The refrigerant contains a blend of R-123, R-124, R-125, R-218, R-23 or ethane and R-14. Preferably the refrigerant contains 20-40% of R-236fa, 8-15% of R-125, 12-30% of R-23, 18-34% of R-14 and 6-15% of argon. A liquid accumulating tank is arranged in a return line of the refrigerant to the scroll compressor. The flow of liquid refrigerant to the return line is regulated by a flow control unit.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for temperature reduction method for multi-component refrigerant exiting the scroll compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the cryogenic refrigeration system.
NOVELTY - An apparatus includes grate (42) that covers the mouth of delivery conduits (32) with top surface (44) parallel to a planar bearing surface (38) and positioned at or no more than a select distance (d) below the planar surface. The distance is close enough to the planar surface to prevent accumulation of particulate over grate as particulates are scraped from planar surface with an implement having a linear edge abutting the planar surface.    USE - The apparatus is used for aerating particulate material such as compost.    ADVANTAGE - It eliminates the recess over the air grate of the Cedar Grove system and thus enables more uniform air flow. It also eliminates the expense and difficulty associated with using tees in the recesses necessitated by the Cedar Grove system. The grate opening are sized to allow material to fall through the grate rather than obstructing the grate. Vacuuming the conduits or applying the back pressure to the conduits may remove the material. The grate is also durable enough to sustain the load equipment used in moving and treating the compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the composting apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross section of a delivery conduit and grate.    Select distance (d)    Vent holes (14)    Linear edge (24)    Ventilation conduit (30)    Delivery conduits (32)    Planar bearing surface (38)    Grate (42)
NOVELTY - Treating waste water with a membrane bioreactor (4) filled with the porous carriers (10) involves introducing an influent into the reactor, applying a negative pressure source to the permeate side so that the fluid in the tank penetrates the filtration module (5) and flows out from the tank and aerating the mixed liquor in the tank so that the porous carriers keep contact with the filtration module reducing fouling.    USE - The process is used for waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The porous carriers serve as a shelter, on which microorganisms are grown fixedly in the reactor, reducing the amount of the suspended microorganisms in the reactor. The circulation of the air or gas drives the porous carriers to move randomly in the membrane bioreactor resulting in removal of the microorganisms from the outer surface of the filtration module, thus reducing fouling. A reduction in the fouling of the membrane module can prevent decline of the flux and reduce the energy consumption as well as the frequency of the backwash.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a submerged membrane bioreactor system.    Influent (1)    Influent tank (2)    Influent pump (3)    Membrane bioreactor (4)    Filtration module (5)    Oxygen (7)    Porous carriers. (10)
NOVELTY - A compost filter berm (110) has a mesh tube (105) made of biodegradable material such as burlap and filled with biodegradable mixture (120) of compost and plant seeds. The holes (115) in the mesh tube are larger along its bottom than along its top.    USE - Controls soil erosion and inhibits soil movement by filtering settleable solids from water runoff, degrading organic compounds and binding pollutants.    ADVANTAGE - The biodegradable mesh tube is decomposed by biological agents e.g. bacteria even in absence of sunlight and merges into a surrounding soil with no trace left behind, saving time and labor resources when the tube is no longer needed. Burlap rots and decomposes naturally due to action of microorganisms.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for installation of the compost filter berm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a compost berm in a biodegradable tube.    biodegradable mesh tube (105)    compost berm (110)    holes in mesh tube (115)    biodegradable material in mesh tube (120)    soil. (130)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system (1300) has a fuel cell (1301) that is supplied with fuel from a fuel container and delivery assembly (1302). The latter may be a cartridge or canister. An inner container (1304) encloses a first inner fuel bladder (1305a) to deliver fuel to the cell via an outlet (1306a) via a pump (1308a). A second bladder (1305b) is provided to receive effluent from the cathode and/or anode of the fuel cell via an effluent inlet (1306b) through an optional pump (1306b).    USE - Used for feeding liquid fuel e.g. methanol, ethanol, propane, butane and aqueous solution to a fuel cell for lower power operation requiring application in mobile device e.g. mobile phone, handheld and laptop computer.    ADVANTAGE - The bladder effectively receives unwanted effluent from the fuel cell through the effluent inlet. The system delivers fuel simply and inexpensively to the fuel cell while it is operated in any orientation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The collapsible fuel bladder (1305a) may be acted upon by an optional force applying element, such as the spring (1312), or a compliant, expandable material such as foam in order to provide a continuous fuel delivery, but the effluent bladder (1305b) is not under the application of force because the effluent is desirably entering into the bladder, rather than being expressed from it.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for an effluent container and a method of delivering fuel to and removing effluent from a fuel cell in a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the fuel delivery system.    Fuel cell system (1300)    Fuel container and delivery apparatus (1302)    Inner fuel bladder (1305a)    Second effluent bladder (1305b)    Fuel outlet (1306a)    Effluent inlet (1306b)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation apparatus comprises a first reaction chamber (14) including a reaction cooperator, a second reaction chamber (16), a transport system (48), and a fuel supply. A volume of fuel is reformed in the first reaction chamber. The reaction cooperator moves a product other than the hydrogen product from the first reaction chamber to the second reaction chamber, and the hydrogen product is removed from the apparatus.    USE - For steam reformation of a fuel to form a hydrogen product.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus produces a pure hydrogen stream, thus increases the amount of hydrogen generated per unit of fuel and decreases the energy consumption per unit of hydrogen produced. When the initial or unpurified hydrogen stream is made pure, less is lost in any later purification process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method to reform a fuel in a reaction vessel, comprising reforming the fuel in the first chamber with a reforming agent, producing a hydrogen product and contaminant; reacting the contaminant with the separator; moving the separator to the second chamber; and removing the contaminant from the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a hydrogen generation vessel.    First reaction chamber (14)    Second reaction chamber (16)    Reformation reaction bed (42)    Transport system (48)    Removal reaction bed (50)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a fuel cell (102) including a surface that supports an anode and a cathode, and creating a layer of sacrificial material on the surface such that portions of the surface are covered by the material. A layer of reactant distribution structure material is distributed over the sacrificial material and uncovered portions of the surface. The sacrificial material is removed.    USE - Used for making a fuel cell assembly that converts reactants i.e. fuel and oxidant into electricity and reaction products.    ADVANTAGE - The reactant distribution structure can be manufactured directly onto the associated fuel cell, which provides much better alignment accuracy than would be realized if the structure was separately manufactured and then secured to the fuel cell. The improved alignment reduces the likelihood of fuel and oxidant mixing, even though the anode and cathode are the same side of the fuel cell, thereby improving the efficiency of the fuel cell. The structure simplifies fuel cell packaging, because the reactants only have to be delivered to one side of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactant distribution structure has a fuel channel associated with the anode and an oxidant channel associated with the cathode and isolated from the fuel channel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (102)    Anode (106)    Cathode (108)    Electrolytic substrate (110)    Fuel channel system (112)    Outlet channel (116)    Inlet regions (120)    Connector portion (124)
NOVELTY - The system has a frame assembly (102) to mate with another frame assembly (104). The assembly (102) has a power generation subsystem (106), where the subsystem includes a fuel cell stack (108) and a reactant distribution manifold (110). The assembly (104) has a reactant processor subsystem. A system enclosure assembly is coupled to each of the frame assemblies to enclose the fuel cell system.    USE - Used for converting a chemical energy into an electrical energy for use in modular application.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides a modular architecture to reduce the cost and improve the reliability of manufacture, and to increase the range of application that can be served.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of manufacturing a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of a fuel cell system.    Frame assemblies (102,104)    Power generation subsystem (106)    Fuel cell stack (108)    Distribution manifold (110)    Floor panel (118)
NOVELTY - The cartridge has a partition unit, fitted in a casing (3), partitioning the casing into two chambers. An outlet port (7) communicates between one chamber and an external device. A pressure unit (15) is housed in another chamber. The unit (15) presses the partition unit, so as to discharge liquid out of the outlet port by repulsive force of the unit (15). The partition unit includes a partition (13) and an envelope.    USE - Used as a fuel tank for fuel supply to a fuel cell in a fuel cell system (CLAIMED).    ADVANTAGE - The discharging of the liquid is achieved by the repulsive force of the pressure unit without deforming the partition unit and the envelope, thereby preventing degradation of the partition unit and the envelope to achieve long life of the cartridge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a liquid cartridge.    Liquid cartridge (1)    Casing (3)    Outlet port (7)    Partition (13)    Pressure unit (15)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage composition comprises a hydrogen storage nanomaterial containing nanoparticles having an average size of 1-100 nm.    USE - For storing hydrogen used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The composition avoids loss of hydrogen and provides complete recovery of hydrogen from the metal hydride.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming a hydrogen storage nanomaterial by condensing an atomized hydrogen storage material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a method for depositing a hydrogen storage material on a substrate.
NOVELTY - By using the optimum design of DC/DC converter and using the controller area network (CAN) as the communication tool, the electric power source becomes more flexible. In the invention, when the vehicle is designed in the middle and low load states (such as cruise at constant speed), the main electric power is supplied by the fuel cell and the fuel cell is boosted to an appropriate voltage through the control of DC/DC converter. In addition, the fuel cell can be used as the on-board charger.    USE - The present invention is related to a kind of electric power output control system of compound type fuel-cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can be used to effectively improve the drawbacks of conventional small-type electric vehicle such as insufficient cruse distance and poor energy conversion. In addition, by using the compound type fuel cell and electric power source of the high-power secondary battery, several advantages can be obtained such as lower cost and easy match when selecting fuel cell for the system as compared with the electric power source that entirely uses the fuel cell. When the invention is used in each type of electric vehicles, it is capable of making system have excellent cruise capability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In the high-load state (such as instantaneous acceleration or climbing slope), besides the maximum base load power supplied by the fuel cell, the remaining required electric power matches up the electric power output of the externally added high-power secondary battery so as to have compound type power output control function.
NOVELTY - A coating composition for HBC (hanging bio-contactor) using mine tailings is provided, which help to improve attachment of microorganism to HBC and to prevent sloughing-off of biofilm due to overgrowth of microorganism, thereby efficiently remove nitrogen and phosphorus in wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composition is consisted of 5 to 25 wt.% of ceramic powder, 5 to 15 wt.% of low quality natural zeolite, 5 to 30 wt.% of low quality kaoline, 40 to 80 wt.% of organic binder and additives. The method comprises the steps of (a):    (a) to 30 wt.% of low quality kaoline, 40 to 80 wt.% of organic binder and additives;    (b) coating the mixture of the step (a) onto an HBC; and    (c) hardening the mixture at a temperature range of 130 to 140degreesC for 2 to 4 min when the organic binder is silicone.
NOVELTY - Provided is wastewater treatment media for making Bacillus subtilis effectively multiply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The media (50) comprises a contact media having an inner space with a predetermined size, and Bacillus subtilis attached on the contact media, where the contact media is made of net, bottle, sponge, activated carbon, nylon, zeolite or calcined clay.
NOVELTY - Provided are natural material for bank protection and a river purification method using the same.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is characterized in that microorganism media(5) are attached on natural materials(1,3) for bank protection so as to increase self purification of polluted river, wherein the natural materials are selected from strip-type rope, coir rope and nylon rope.
NOVELTY - Disinfecting diluted water sample comprising degrading viruses contained in the water sample by exposing the water to both ultraviolet radiation and radicals, where ultraviolet radiation is generated from ultraviolet radiation generator in which a medium-voltage mercury lamp is used as a source of ultraviolet radiation, and the radicals are generated from a photocatalyst when the photocatalyst is irradiated by an ultraviolet radiation, is new.    USE - The method is useful for degrading viruses such as small round structured virus (SRSV) contained in diluted water sample e.g., sewage effluent (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Disinfection of diluted water sample enables degradation of virus contained in the sample into a grade at which the virus particle is not detected even by carrying out PCR (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for disinfecting diluted water sample by degrading virus contained in the sample.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of ultraviolet radiation/photocatalyst apparatus for disinfecting a diluted water sample. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The natural power sources, such as water, petroleum and natural gas, are electrolyzed using electrical energy, to produce hydrogen as a fuel for fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    USE - For production of hydrogen, used in fuel cell for electrically powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system prevents ejection of carbon dioxide leading to pneumoconiosis by the exhaust gas of vehicle and global warming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above electrical power supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An organic substance is put in a sealed container and steamed under high temperature and high pressure for predetermined time, anaerobically fermented by a digester and methane gas is collected.    USE - The process is used for manufacturing methane gas by anaerobic fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently manufactures methane gas by anaerobic fermentation in a short period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of manufacture of methane gas by anaerobic fermentation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Multiple pipes (6) made of porous material are arranged in concentric manner, inside each fermenter (2-4) using the rail so that the pipes are rotated along circumferential direction. The injector (11,13,15) is provided to inject the biomass into the pipe. After fermentation the methane is extracted using the extraction unit (12,14,16).    USE - The system is useful for the fermentation of forest biomass used for producing methane or methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The processed product is easily extracted from each fermenter and supplied to the next fermenter, hence the processing efficiency of the biomass is improved. The fermentation speed is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for multi-stage fermentation method of forest biomass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the multi-stage fermentation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermenter (2-4)    Pipes (6)    Injector (11,13,15)    Extraction unit (12,14,16)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage tank is obtained by carrying out multiple lamination of a thin-film-like hydrogen occlusion material of thickness 1-50 mum. The hydrogen occlusion material contains a binder and a carbon material chosen from activated carbon, carbon nanotube and carbon nano fiber.    USE - Used as storage tank of hydrogen, which is used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage tank has excellent hydrogen occlusion capability, and high packing density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of thin-film-like hydrogen occlusion material. Carbon material chosen from activated carbon, carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber, and suspension, which is obtained by dispersing the binder in a solvent, are coated on a base material. The solvent is distilled and pressurization compression is carried out to form a thin-film on the base material. The thin-film is peeled from the base material, to obtain thin-film-like hydrogen occlusion material.
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel supplied at a linear velocity of 1-1000 mm/s and steam supplied at a linear velocity of 500-30000 mm/s, at a temperature of 100degreesC or more are made to contact. The temperature of the obtained mixture is set to be 120degreesC or more.    USE - For vaporizing liquid fuel e.g. kerosene, naphtha, gasoline, light oil and synthetic oil used as raw material of steam reforming and self-thermal reforming used for manufacturing hydrogen in electric power generation in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pulsation current and retention of heavy portion which is not vaporized can be suppressed, while utilizing the boiling point reduction due to the partial pressure reduction of liquid fuel resulting from mixing with water vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a liquid fuel vaporization equipment.    contact mixing vessel (1)    steam piping (2)    liquid fuel piping (3)    steam supply style (5)    liquid fuel supply flow (6)
NOVELTY - A controller controls the supply of hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon fuel to a combustion chamber, when the ratio of hydrogen gas feed rate and the hydrocarbon fuel feed rate is set. A waste gas supply unit supplies waste gas to the combustion chamber, when the hydrogen gas feed rate exceeds a preset upper limit.    USE - Internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - Since hydrogen gas and hydrocarbon fuel is supplied to the engine based on set ratio of the hydrogen gas feed rate and hydrocarbon fuel feed rate, the load requirement is reduced, and the effectiveness of the engine is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operation method of hydrogen utilization internal combustion engine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of nitrous oxide reduction processing routine.(Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Water (3) is sealed to a pressure container (2) at high temperature pressurization state, in which internal pressure is 1 or more atmospheric pressure, and temperature is 100degreesC or more. Cooling-heat cycle of the water is repeated at low temperature pressure reduction state by reducing to 100degreesC or less, and to less than 1 atmospheric pressure. Water is decomposed and hydrogen is obtained.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen, which is used as energy for fuel cells, internal combustion engine of motor vehicles, and alternate fuel for petroleum.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method of hydrogen is economic, easy and efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    pressure container (2)    water (3)    water supply portion (4)    gas air intake outlet (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel gas regulator calculates and regulates fuel gas flow rate after change in hot gas flow, based on relationship between fuel gas flow rate and hydrogen production amount, which is found corresponding to service condition of two type of hot gas.    USE - For modifying town gas, natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and methanol, to produce hydrogen to be used by fuel cell power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost of the apparatus and improves productivity of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (12a) regulates the opening degree of fuel gas flow rate control valve (2a), based on fuel flow amount corrected according to the density of hot gas. The modifier (9) modifies hot gas containing hydrocarbon, in presence of catalyst. The regulator adjusts fuel flow amount based on amount of hydrogen required by fuel cell. The modified gas is pressurized in a compressor (25) and then supplied to a pressure-swing-absorption apparatus (PSA) (30) where hydrogen is separated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel gas flow rate control valve (2a)    modifier (9)    carbon monoxide transformer (10)    controller (12a)    compressor (25)    PSA (30)
NOVELTY - Hydrated dregs (3) and low content hydrates (4) in reactor (1) conveyed through roller health furnace having infrared radiators (6,7) on top and bottom of reactor (1), are heated strongly to ignite the dregs and stop radiation to allow self burning. After completion of burning it is allowed to cool.    USE - For producing charcoal from biomass, food dregs, and animal excrements.    ADVANTAGE - Enables cheap manufacture of charcoal as raw material, with highest thermal efficiency in short time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the roller health furnace used for carbonization processing.    reactor (1)    dregs of food (3)    low content hydrates (4)    infrared ray radiators (6,7)
NOVELTY - The relationship between pressure loss of compressor suction-air in heat exchanger (41), and temperature difference of compressor suction-air, at front side and rear side of the heat exchanger is set to satisfy a specific formula.    USE - For cooling compressor suction-air in air separator used in liquefied-gas production apparatus e.g. liquefied natural gas (LNG) production apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Requires less power consumption by effectively cooling the liquefied gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat exchanger is provided for cooling the air at the inlet side of air compressor (13B). The relationship between the pressure loss ((Delta) P (Pa)) of compressor suction-air and temperature difference ((Delta) T) of compressor suction-air, at front and rear side of heat exchanger, is set to satisfy the following formula: (DELTA) T at least ((DELTA) P/500). Heat exchanger with low operating temperature is arranged near suction-side path of air compressor. The heat exchanger is equipped with drain separator (47) and flow-path interruption unit to interrupt the fluid by the side of the cooling source, which is introduced into the heat exchanger, or flow of compressor suction-air, based on the measured value of the composition of compressor suction-air, which is measured by a measuring device (48). An intermediate coolant is used for cooling compressor suction-air, between the cooling sources.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of compressor suction air-cooling system used in air separator.    filters (11A,11B)    air compressors (13A,13B,14A,14B)    cooling boxes (17A,17B)    heat exchangers (41)    separator (47)    measuring device (48)
NOVELTY - A plate (1) has trapezoidal shape grooves (9) formed along the flow direction of a liquid fuel such that the bottom portion (5) of the grooves are broader than the top portion (7) of the grooves.    USE - Evaporator for fuel reforming system for use with fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves water retention property and heat transfer property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of an evaporator.    plate (1)    heated surface (3)    bottom portion (5)    top portion (7)    grooves (9)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has carbon monoxide transformation catalyst (13) provided between modification catalyst (11) and hydrogen separation membrane (15).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Deterioration of hydrogen yield is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system which contains the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (3)    modification catalyst (11)    shift catalyst (13)    hydrogen separation membrane (15)    hydrogen route (17)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal device (9) is arranged downstream of a shifter (6) to remove carbon monoxide contained in the heating gas. The heating gas is reformed in a modifier (4). A main heater (13) is arranged to heat the modifier or an evaporator (3). An auxiliary heater (14) is arranged downstream to the shifter to heat the heating gas ejected from the shifter.    USE - For supplying hydrogen fuel to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens start-up time of the hydrogen supply system, by ensuring early heating due to arrangement of the auxiliary heater downstream to the shifter. The warming-up time period is also shortened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide device is equipped with a heat exchange portion (10). The cathode off gas is supplied to the heat exchange portion from the cathode of a fuel cell (50) through the flow paths (34-36). Alternatively the cathode off gas is circulated through a bypass flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporator (3)    modifier (4)    shifter (6)    carbon monoxide removal device (9)    heat exchange portion (10)    main heater (13)    auxiliary heater (14)    flow paths (34-36)    fuel cell (50)
NOVELTY - A preprocessor (1) has two activated carbon-filled containers (5,7) connected in series for processing biogas (3) produced from organic waste and for supplying fuel to a cell power generating device.    USE - Fuel cell electric power generation system for generating electricity using biogas fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved impurity adsorption property of pre-processor using activated carbon. The lifetime of activated carbon is improved and running cost is decreased with improved operation cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electric power generation system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline systematic diagram of fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    preprocessor (1)    fuel cell power generating device (2)    biogas (3)    containers (5,7)    activated carbon for sulfur adsorption (11)    activated carbon for ammonia adsorption (12)    activated carbon for chlorine adsorption (13)
NOVELTY - A reducing gas sensitive layer (4) consisting of an electrode (42) and a sensitive layer (41) is formed at an insulating layer (3) made up of main components such as titanium, tantalum and tantalum oxide. The ratio of thickness of the sensitive layer and the electrode is 1.0-5.0.    USE - For sensing gas such as carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon gas, methane, natural gas, halogenated gas, aldehyde gas, hydrogen sulfide gas.    ADVANTAGE - Optimizes the layer thickness of the sensitive layer and the electrode, efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the gas sensor.    substrate (2)    insulating layer (3)    reducing gas sensitive layer (4)    sensitive layer (41)    electrode (42)
NOVELTY - A heat generating portion (5) consists of a heat generator (51) and a pair of leads (52) supplying electric power to the heat generator. A sensitive portion is formed on the heat generating portion which is formed inside an insulating layer (3). The leads of the heat generator are connected to the leads (6) of the electrode in the sensitive portion.    USE - For detecting gases such as carbon monoxide, liquefied petroleum gas, town gas, natural gas, halogenated group gas, aldehyde group gas, hydrogen gas, halogen group gas, nitrogen oxide gas, ammonia gas and chlorine gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to combine the leads of the heat generator and the leads of the electrode, by connecting the leads. The number of components is reduced, shortening mounting operation of the gas sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the gas sensor.    insulating layer (3)    heat generating portion (5)    leads of electrode (6)    heat generator (51)    leads of heat generator (52)
NOVELTY - A vaporizer (1) and water supply opening (11), are provided to supply fuel and water separately. The vaporizer and the opening are connected to the combustion chambers (2,3) through an exhaust gas path (8) which is connected to heat exchange tubes (10) to exchange heat during combustion of fuel.    USE - Evaporator for motor vehicle using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces starting time of the fuel cell system. Prevents water dripping and reduces amount of carbon monoxide thereby reducing thermal decomposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The exhaust gas path is provided at periphery of walls (4,5,6) parallel to flow of combustion flame in combustion chamber and is connected to side of a partition wall (7) adjoined to a steam mixing chamber (13). A pinhole (7a) connects combustion chamber and the steam mixing chamber to the partition wall.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system which has a modifier (28) and combustor (29) to burn hydrogen gas emitted from a fuel cell (32) which generates electric power. A combustion gas path (22) is provided to pass gas of the combustor; and    (2) control method of the fuel cell system which involves controlling combustion gas to pass through combustion gas path when temperature of the hydrogen gas is suitable for reformation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional views of the fuel cell system with an evaporator.    vaporizer (1)    combustion chambers (2,3)    sidewalls (4,5,6)    partition wall (7)    pinhole (7a)    exhaust gas path (8)    heat exchange tubes (10)    opening (11)
NOVELTY - An arithmetic processing circuit (51) detects the quantity of substance (10) in a processing chamber (12) based on the output signal of a light receiving element (62) opposing a light transmissive portion of the chamber. The circuit calculates the correction factor for filling amount of fresh refuse based on the degradation degree of the previously treated garbage.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse and garbage.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of substance inside the chamber, is detected precisely irrespective of advancement of degradation of the substance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The light is emitted on the substance by a light emitting element (61) outside the chamber. A correction unit changes the received output of the light receiving element, based on the calculated correction factor. A controller (5) adjusts the moisture content of the substance based on detected moisture content. The light emitting element emits light within primary and secondary wavelength range. A pair of light receiving elements (62,63) have sensitivity with respect to corresponding emitted light wavelengths. The correction unit calculates two correction factors. The correction factors are calculated by comparing with corresponding reference values.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the moisture content detector and controller. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substance (10)    Processing chamber (12)    Controller (5)    Moisture content detector (6)    Arithmetic circuit (51)    Light receiving element (62,63)    Light emitting element (61)
NOVELTY - The porous inorganic substance particles have surface and internal holes comprising microparticles of transition metal oxide. The porous inorganic substance particles are used for gasifying organic substance (6) in a reaction system.    USE - For gasification, such as pyrolysis and water vapor gasification (both claimed) of organic substance, such as coal, heavy hydrocarbon, domestic refuse, plastics, biomass of wood, plant and sludge, and industrial waste.    ADVANTAGE - The novel porous inorganic substance particles are recyclable, and prevent metal loss after repeated oxidation and reduction. The tar produced in the gasification process is easily removed, and the medium temperature heat in the system is used for electrical power generation, thus reducing energy consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A method of pyrolysis gasification; and    (2) A water vapor gasification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a pyrolysis gasification system, for use with the above particles.    combustion furnace (1)    solid gas separator (2)    gasifier (3)    high temperature combustion exhaust gas or air (4)    waste gas from combustion furnace (5)    organic substance (6)
NOVELTY - A sieve (31) is provided at the classification section of a rotation retort furnace (1), so that the carbonized material is classified into flammable materials e.g. solid waste, activated carbide and non-flammable material e.g. mixed metals.    USE - For separating combustible waste material such as trash, wood, and waste plastic, and non-combustible trash, such as a metal, pottery, glass waste, and concrete.    ADVANTAGE - Installation cost and running cost are reduced reliably. Waste material is classified reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbonization process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the carbonization sorting apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)    rotation retort furnace (1)    core tube (2)    heat retention portion (3)    heaters (5A-5C)    guide blade (9)    hopper (10)    motor (12)    sprockets (13,16)    chain (14)    sieve (31)    non-flammable extraction chamber (40)
NOVELTY - A thermal decomposition component condensing plant for waste material comprises unit-I (3) for condensing tar with an air system among the smoke components obtained from the pyrolysis of target material (1), and a unit-II (4) which condenses the remainder of a smoke component having a low boiling point.    USE - Used for condensing waste materials such as timber, sawdust, paper, wood-type material, waste material of plastic and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal decomposition component condensing plant is easy to handle. The process can recycle useful smoke component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thermal decomposition component condensation of waste material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of thermal decomposition component condensing plant of the waste material.    target material (1)    unit-I (3)    unit-II (4)    air-cooling tower (7)    storage tank (8)
NOVELTY - The device includes a quench furnace (3) connected with the upper portion of a gasifier (1) through a throat (2). Nozzles (8) are provided in the lower portion of the furnace to spray water.    USE - For cooling waste plastic gasifier which manufactures hydrogen and carbon monoxide gas from waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents ash adhesion and unreacted particle deposition inside the recuperator, since the nozzles sprays water in the lower portion of the quench furnace. Manufactures high quality gas stably and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cooling method of waste plastic gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural view of the waste plastic gasification gas cooling device.    Gasifier (1)    Throat (2)    Quench furnace (3)    Nozzles (8)    Water (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves separating waste-plastic pieces having particle size more than a preset value, from crushed waste-plastic pieces (1) to be fed to a gasifier (5), using metal sieve (2). Crushed pieces having the shape of fluff, and cotton-form crushed pieces are removed using pneumatic classifier (3). The waste-plastic pieces are subsequently conveyed using air, to the gasifier.    USE - For conveying crushed waste-plastic pieces to gasifier used for performing gasification of waste plastic, for manufacturing heating gas comprising carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Enables operating the gasifier stably by ensuring stable supply of crushed waste-plastic pieces to the gasifier, by removing large pieces, fluff-shaped and cotton-form pieces from the crushed pieces, and by stirring the crushed pieces, intermittently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hopper (4) of the gasifier has a stirring blade for stirring waste-plastic pieces, intermittently. The position of the stirring blade, during stoppage of operation of the blade, is set such that the blade does not close the discharge port of the hopper. The gas obtained by gasification of waste plastic, is used as a carrier gas of the waste-plastic pieces.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pneumatic conveyor of waste plastic.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a gasifier.    waste-plastic pieces (1)    sieve (2)    classifier (3)    hopper (4)    gasifier (5)
NOVELTY - Base oil (10) comprising high density hydrocarbon fuel having specific gravity of 0.85 or more, is heated at 60- 200 degrees C. Waste polystyrene (1) is mixed with the heated base oil, and is melted, to produce a liquid polymer fuel (14).    USE - For producing liquid polymer fuel using waste polystyrene.    ADVANTAGE - Enables completely melting the waste polystyrene, by mixing waste polystyrene to the base oil which has been heated to the suitable temperature. Enables maintaining the viscosity of the produced fuel, low, even at low temperature, by suitably setting the mixing ratio of the waste polystyrene. Enables efficiently recovering and recycling waste heat, by heating the base oil using the waste heat obtained from a boiler, gas turbine or a diesel engine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixing ratio of waste polystyrene with respect to the base oil, is 40% or less.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for liquid polymer fuel production apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the liquid polymer fuel production apparatus.    waste polystyrene (1)    stirrer (7)    base oil (10)    heater (13)    liquid polymer fuel (14)
NOVELTY - Obtaining manure comprises mixing wollastonite with pig-feces or urine, human-feces or urine, or droppings of hen, adding concentrated sulfuric acid, solidifying or granulating, adding effective microorganisms and fermenting.    USE - The method is used to obtain manure (claimed), used for nurturing crops such as Taiwan native mandarin orange, dragon fruits and sugarcane.    ADVANTAGE - The manure provides good quality of crops and increases crop yields by improving the soil fertility of soil. The method efficiently and reliably manufactures the manure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method for manufacturing manure; and    (2) a manure manufacturing apparatus (A) which consists of excrements supply apparatus (6) for supplying pig-feces urine or human-feces urine, wollastonite supply apparatus (7,31) for supplying wollastonite, concentrated sulfuric acid supply apparatus (8,32), excrements stirring apparatus (1,1a) for stirring supplied pig-feces urine or human-feces urine with wollastonite, excrement's reactor (2) for mixing concentrated sulfuric acid with excrements, droppings of hen reactor (3) for adding droppings of hen to the above mixture, and fermentation apparatus for adding effective microorganisms to the mixture and fermenting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline top view of manure manufacturing apparatus.    excrements stirring apparatus (1,1a)    excrements reactor (2)    droppings of hen reactor (3)    excrements supply apparatus (6)    wollastonite supply apparatus (7,31)    concentrated sulfuric acid supply apparatus (8,32)    screw conveyor (27)    manure manufacturing apparatus (A)
NOVELTY - Pyrolysis or gasification of the charge in conditions forms a solid residue which can contain carbon and a gaseous phase or crude gas containing incondensable gases and heavy hydrocarbon vapors. The crude gases are then put in contact with a bed of catalytic solid particles in conditions such that a majority of the heavy hydrocarbon vapors are converted into incondensable gases.    USE - Treatment of domestic and/or industrial waste, effluent from a purification station, biomass, agricultural residues and byproducts and ground polluted with hydrocarbons (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Better energy yield at lower temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an installation to carry out the process with means (1,25,22) of thermal degradation by pyrolysis or gasification and means (13,3) of converting the resulting crude gases by a bed of solid catalytic particles (3) and means of recovering the gases produced. The means of thermal degradation has a rear chamber (24) containing the means of conversion or the means of conversion are external and placed downstream of the means of thermal degradation. The means of conversion are arranged in at least two sections placed in parallel, one inside the means of thermal degradation and one outside. The solid catalytic particles in the two sections can be of different natures. The bed of catalytic particles has a thickness such that the resulting pressure drop as the gas passes through it is not greater than 500 mbar. The installation also includes means of producing energy by combustion of the gases produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows one version of the invention.    Rotating furnace (1)    Catalytic particle bed (3)    Hopper (4)    Heat recovery unit (11)    Catalyst inlet (13)    Storage of solid residue (15)    Water injector (21)    Annular space (22)    Rear chamber (24)    Rotating chamber (25)
NOVELTY - The modular rotary composting system for organic waste comprises a 10 cubic meters capacity for composting of e.g. waste water cleaning sludge. It has a heat control and recuperation system, and a mixing and extraction spindle.
NOVELTY - Protein product with a vegetable protein content of at least 60 wt.% (dry basis) includes lactic acid and a milk-like flavor in an amount corresponding to at least 1 ppm diacetyl.    USE - The product is useful as a food additive or probiotic food or for making ice-cream (all claimed). As a food additive, the product can be used in yogurt, beverages, ice cream, desserts, rice products and bakery products.    ADVANTAGE - The product has a taste and smell like dairy products and has good foaming and emulsifying power, preferably being capable of emulsifying 500 ml oil/g protein as a 1% solution and of giving a foam overrun of more than 950% and/or a foam density of 190-250 g/l.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a protein product by fermenting a pretreated plant material having a vegetable protein content of at least 60 wt.% (dry basis) with a lactic-acid-producing microorganism in the presence of nutrient, nitrogen and/or mineral sources. The milk-like flavor is produced by bio.
NOVELTY - Reformer unit is formed as a reformer component unit (32) with an integrated operating medium vaporizer (30).    USE - For a vehicle fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Short start-up times and a dynamic regulation of the reforming process are achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of hydrogen by reforming an operating medium using the above unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the reformer unit.    Fuel (20)    Water (24)    Air (26)    Operating medium (28)    Operating medium vaporizer (30)    Reformer component unit (32)    Operating medium nozzle (38)    Mixing chamber (40)    Catalytic burner-vaporizer component (44)    Air feed element (46)    Fuel injector (48)    Water injector (50)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen storage and metering system has a high pressure storage tank (4) and an associated expansion device (6) for reducing the storage pressure to the pressure required by the combustion engine and/or the fuel cell system (10), provided with a device, e.g. a heat exchanger (12), for warming the hydrogen during its expansion to the ambient temperature.    USE - The system is used for storage and metering if hydrogen used by a combustion engine and/or a fuel cell system, e.g. in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Heating of hydrogen during its expansion provides increased energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM for a method for storage and metering of hydrogen for a combustion engine and/or fuel cell system is also included.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a hydrogen storage and metering system in an automobile.    Automobile (2)    High pressure storage tank (4)    Expansion device (6)    Combustion engine and/or fuel cell system (10)    Heat exchanger (12)
NOVELTY - The hair dryer has a catalytic heating element (5) supplied with liquid fuel and a fan (7) for producing a flow of the heated air (2). The device has a fuel cell (8) that supplies the fan with electric energy and a reservoir (10) for liquid fuel connected via a valve (11) to the fuel cell and heating element for common supply with the liquid fuel.    USE - For producing a hot air flow for drying hair.    ADVANTAGE - Re-charging an accumulator is not necessary, resulting in improved operation of the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an inventive hair dryer    catalytic heating element (5)    fan (7)    flow of heated air (2)    fuel cell (8)    reservoir for liquid fuel (10)    valve (11)
NOVELTY - A flow-through device using photodissociation to crack ammonia into nitrogen and hydrogen using ultraviolet light and a catalyst    USE - The device is useful as a hydrogen generator for powering fuel-cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia has a high hydrogen content from a relatively small volume, high energy density and is nonflammable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ammonia photodissociation device, comprises:    (a) a flow-through fluid channel having a middle, an inner surface, an inlet port for the inflow of gaseous ammonia, and an outlet port for the outflow of gaseous nitrogen and gaseous hydrogen;    (b) a porous membrane for separating (a) into a chamber adjacent the inlet port and a second chamber adjacent the outlet port, that is securely attached to the middle of (a), having pores that provide fluid communication between the two chambers;    (c) a catalyst on (b) that increases the rate of chemical reactions; and    (d) a ultraviolet light source for generating an electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, that is mounted inside (a) to dissociate gaseous ammonia into a mixture of gaseous nitrogen and gaseous hydrogen.
NOVELTY - An isolated glycoside hydrolase-61 (GH-61) (I) having an anti-staling effect in edible products, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for preparing edible products which involves heating a dough composition comprising (I). The method further involves leavening and heating a dough composition comprising (I) (all claimed). (I) is useful for preparing cereal containing feed composition, for hydrolyzing agricultural wastes for producing alcohol fuels, for improving filterability of the wort, for preparing fruit or vegetable juices, for treating lignolosic materials and pulp, or for preparing detergent composition.    ADVANTAGE - (I) exhibits optimum substrate hydrolysis, improved thermal stability and provides firmness, elasticity and/or water mobility for the produced food products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a composition (II) comprising (I);    (2) a polynucleotide (III) comprising nucleotide sequence that encodes (I);    (3) a nucleic acid construct (IV) comprising (III) linked to one or more control sequences that direct the expression of the coding sequence in a suitable host cell by the control sequences;    (4) a recombinant expression vector (V) comprising (IV);    (5) a recombinant host cell (VI) comprising (IV);    (6) producing (I); and    (7) a transgenic plant (VII) comprising (III) capable of expressing (I).
NOVELTY - Removing nitrate-nitrogen from drain water comprising passing the drain water through a denitrifying layer containing sulfur oxidizing bacteria, sulfur and calcium and returning at least part of the treated water to the inlet side of the denitrifying layer or its intermediate layer, is new.    USE - The process is used for removing nitrate-nitrogen from drain water reducing pollution of ground water and rivers.    ADVANTAGE - Process can be used on a large scale, is effective and can be used to remove high concentrations of nitrates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for removing nitrate-nitrogen from drain water comprises passing the drain water through a denitrifying layer containing sulfur oxidizing bacteria, sulfur and calcium and returning at least part of the treated water to the inlet side of the denitrifying layer or its intermediate layer.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for conducting the above process having a circulating pump.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a device for removing nitrate nitrogen from drain water.    Denitrifying layer (4)    Circulating pump (2)
NOVELTY - A power generating section (11) has multiple cells each having a negative electrode and positive electrode opposing an electrolytic film and supplied with liquid fuel and oxidizing agent respectively, connected in series. The sensor (12) for detecting concentration of liquid fuel is provided with the generating section.    USE - Liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates operation of liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell system under optimal conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell system control method;    (2) controller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the liquid fuel direct supply fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    blower (3)    water tank (9)    power generating section (11)    sensor (12)    liquid feed pump (21)
NOVELTY - Production (P1) of hydrogen gas involves contacting a hydrocarbon fuel with iodine to form a mixture followed by heating.    USE - In the manufacture of various products, e.g. metals, hydrotreating and hydrocracking in refineries, commercial catalytic hydrogenation for high volume chemicals, edible fats and oils processing, and in semiconductors and microelectronics industrial processes.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows less or no impurities to be formed, and requires low capital costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system (S1) comprising a hydrogen gas generator, and a fuel cell capable of generating electricity by using hydrogen gas as a fuel.
NOVELTY - The controller performs feed back control of ammeter (250) and logic module (308) operates the air blower (35) to deliver process fluid to the system, according to the current load and operating parameters in storage module (302). The controller bypasses feed back control and raises speed of blower quickly, when large load demand is input by user input module (260).    USE - Used as power sources in vehicles such as car, bus and large vehicles, and also for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to meet large transient loads quickly, by performing the bypass normal feed back control of load on demand by external user input module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of controller of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Blower (35)    Ammeter (250)    User input (260)    Storage module (302)    Linkage module (306)
NOVELTY - The inlet region (24) is provided, which extends along active surface (5) of electrode (3). The flow containing reactant is uniformly distributed over the inlet region by distribution arrangement of the flow ducts.    USE - For driving vehicle, charging batteries, driving peripheral equipment in vehicle and also used as power generation in stationary installations and mobile power generation units such as auxiliary power units (APU).    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency, thus power per unit of electrode area is increased. Increases total available power and reduces total quantity of electrode/electrolyte in order to reduce manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross sectional view of the fuel cell.    electrode (3)    cell space (4)    active surface (5)    inlet region (24)    layer structure (60)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell has liquid electrolyte, fuel, oxidant flow fields, each with reactant and electrolyte manifold openings. Conductive electrodes with catalyst deposited on its surface, are interposed between flow fields, so that catalyst contacts with liquid electrolyte flow field. Sealant (17) encapsulating flow fields and electrodes, seals respective channels of fields and electrodes, to block ports.    USE - Electrochemical cassette in electrochemical application, fuel cell used in space and military applications, flow-through batteries, ion-exchange applications.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the production of fuel cell stack with minimum labor, thereby significantly reducing the cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrochemical stack; and    (2) electrochemical cassette manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the liquid electrolyte flow field with manifold.    oxidant port (12)    fuel port (14)    electrolyte port (16)    sealant (17)    sealant manifolds (18)
NOVELTY - The liquid fuel reservoir (200) has a container (242) with a fuel discharge port (248). A wicking structure (244) is provided within the container to wick the fuel by capillary action towards the port which is provided with one-way valve (251). The wicking structure occupying 50% of the volume of container has vertical posts linked by cross-bars extending along the front and back side of container walls.    USE - For fuel cell used in cell phone, micro-reformer.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the back flow of the fluid from the container as the one-way valve is provided in the ports. Allows liquid communication through the discharge port reliably using capillary action.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for dispensing liquid fuel from container to fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the liquid fuel reservoir.    liquid fuel reservoir (200)    container (242)    wicking structure (244)    discharge port (248)    one-way valve (251)
NOVELTY - A gas flow path passes through the electrodes made of sintered metal fibers or sintered metal powder. The triple junctions are provided on or within a surface of one of the electrodes, that faces the other electrode    USE - For partial removal of nitrogenous oxides, particulates e.g. carbonaceous particulates, hydrocarbon e.g. polyaromatic hydrocarbon, carbon monoxide, sulfur oxides, dioxins, furans and regulated/unregulated combustion products from effluent gas released by diesel engine, internal combustion engine of vehicle (claimed), coal-fired power station, pharmaceutical, food-processing, paint and dye manufacturing, textiles, printing and incineration industries.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the triple junctions which replace dielectric barriers, enhanced plasma formation is achieved and a number of microdischarge streamers are formed. Hence single arc discharge between high and low voltage electrodes is prevented and uniform discharge is achieved. Since the gases pass through the electrodes, the particulates are trapped in the electrodes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) kit comprising non-thermal plasma reactor;    (2) non-thermal plasma reactor usage method; and    (3) vehicle, fuel or hydrogen reformer, power station or ozone generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of reactor.    insulating material (2)    insulating brushes (4)    voltage source (6)
NOVELTY - The closure elements provided in each passage of air mass flow controller valve (10) are moved to different positions by the actuators (80) which are operated based on the signals from the pressure sensors (50) arranged in each passage to regulate the flow of air between the inlet (20) and passages.    USE - Used for fuel cells in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Air flow through each passage is regulated independently by the individual actuator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of distributing metered airflow from an inlet to several first and second passages in a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the air mass flow controller valve perspectively.    inlet (20)    air mass flow controller valve (10)    pressure sensors (50)    exit passage (70)    actuators (80)
NOVELTY - The system (10) has a solid oxide fuel stack (12) including a fuel cell (16) with an electrolyte (18), an anode (20) and a cathode. A gas turbine engine (14) has a compressor supplying oxidant to the cathode (22), and a fuel manifold supplying fuel to the anode. A combustor supplies a portion of unused oxidant to the cathode and burns a portion of an unused fuel in unused oxidant for preheating the oxidant.    USE - Solid oxide fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The combustor directly heats up the unused oxidant supplied by the compressor, thus avoiding the need for a high temperature heat exchanger, enabling a simplification of the solid oxide fuel system, minimizing the number of components, cost and improving in maintainability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a solid oxide fuel cell system.    Solid oxide fuel cell system (10)    Solid oxide fuel cell stack (12)    Gas turbine engine (14)    Fuel cell (16)    Electrolyte (18)    Anode (20)    Cathode (22)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell (1) including an electrolyte film (7) placed between an anode (3) and a cathode (5). A gas supply unit (29) is composed of air inflow path (15) connected to an inlet of the cathode and a pump (11) connected to an outlet of the cathode. The pump provides negative pressure to the cathode so as to introduce gas containing oxidant from an air flow path to the cathode.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The pump provides a negative pressure to the cathode so as to introduce the gas containing oxidant from an air flow path to the cathode, thereby preventing leakage of the inner liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (1)    Anode (3)    Cathode (5)    Electrolyte film (7)    Pump (11)    Air inflow path (15)    Gas supply unit (29)
NOVELTY - Carbon filaments and syngas are produced from a mixture of alkanes, by converting a first portion of the alkanes directly to carbon filaments; and converting a second portion of the alkanes to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide.    USE - For producing carbon filaments and syngas from a mixture of alkanes (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process eliminates the intermediate step of converting alkanes to olefins or carbon monoxide CO), and thus avoids the high operating, equipment and catalyst costs associated with production of olefins or CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a process for filtering methane from natural gas comprising contacting natural gas with a metal catalyst under reaction conditions such that all C2+ hydrocarbons in the natural gas are converted to carbon filaments and hydrogen, with the remaining filtered natural gas consisting of methane; and    (b) an integrated process for the conversion of natural gas to products, comprising converting C2+ hydrocarbons in the natural gas directly to carbon filaments by contact with a metal catalyst; converting methane in the natural gas to syngas comprising hydrogen and carbon monoxide, where the methane is removed from the natural gas either by a prior gas processing step or filtered from the natural gas by the conversion in the first step; and converting the syngas to products via post-processing of the syngas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a process flow diagram where ethane and propane are converted directly to carbon filaments and methane is converted to syngas for use in downstream processes.    Feed stream (10)    Carbon filament reactor (20)    Product stream (22)    By-product stream (24)    Light liquid hydrocarbon stream (32)    Heavy liquid hydrocarbon stream (34)
NOVELTY - Apparatus for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready CO2 has two fluidized bed reactors, two solids transfer lines to circulate solids mixtures between the reactors, two inlet feeds for respectively charging reactors with high temperature steam and syngas and with high temperature steam and O2, and mechanisms to remove pure H2 and CO2 and SO2 from the reactors.    USE - The apparatus is used for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows sulfur compounds present in small amounts in the syngas feed to leave as sulfur dioxide in the sequestration ready carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready carbon dioxide comprises two fluidized bed reactors (10, 12) containing solids containing calcium compounds present as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and/or calcium carbonate, and iron compounds present as iron oxide (FeO), iron oxide (Fe3O4), and/or iron oxide (Fe2O3); two solids transfer lines (14, 16) for circulating the solids mixtures between the fluidized bed reactors; a first inlet feed (22) for charging the first fluidized bed reactor with high temperature steam and syngas; a second inlet feed (24) for charging the second fluidized bed reactor with high temperature steam and oxygen; mechanism for removing pure hydrogen from the first fluidized bed reactor; and mechanism for removing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide from the second fluidized bed reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a syngas separation method and apparatus.    Fluidized bed reactors (10, 12)    Solids transfer lines (14, 16)    First inlet feed (22)    Second inlet feed (24)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel processor (102) coupled to a fuel cell stack (116) and a hydrogen separator (132) via conduits. An exhaust of a fuel cell is coupled to an oxidizer (120) by a third conduit. The processor converts hydrocarbon to reformate and the reaction of fuel cell to generate power to supply to a load. The reformate is supplied to the separator for storing hydrogen in a hydrogen storage vessel (136).    USE - Used for providing power to a load which is formed from residential appliance/electrical device and to power a house.    ADVANTAGE - The system is adapted to accommodate variable loads and where application of the fuel cell is coordinated with a fuel processor and a hydrogen separator.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIMS is also included for method of coordinating operating of fuel cell with fuel processor and hydrogen separation system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an integrated fuel cell system.    Fuel processor (102)    Oxidizer (120)    Conduits (108,114,124,126)    Hydrogen separator (132)    Hydrogen storage vessel (136)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel processing reactor, a hydrogen separator, a fuel cell and an oxidizer. A flow restricting unit (140) is located along a flow path to reduce a pressure of reformate provided to the fuel cell from the reactor. Another flow restricting unit (142) located along another flow path reduces a pressure of reformate provided to the separator from the reactor.    USE - Used for a stationary power plant providing a refueling unit for hydrogen powered vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The reactant supply system of the fuel cell is made less susceptible to supply pressure transients associated with operation of the hydrogen separator, since the back pressure created upstream from one restricting unit acts as a buffer to pressure transients resulting from operation of the hydrogen separator. The design provides improved response to transient increases in reformate demand.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel processing reactor is coupled to the fuel cell via one flow path, and coupled to the separator via another flow path. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of coordinating operation of a combined fuel processor, fuel cell and hydrogen purification system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an integrated fuel cell system.    Integrated fuel cell system (100)    Fuel processor (102)    fuel cell stack (116)    Hydrogen separator (132)    Flow restricting units (140, 142)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly has: fuel cell(s) having anode (20), cathode (30), and electrolyte; fluid flow channel(s) disposed within fuel cell for delivering fluid; and array(s) of flow disrupters (25) in contact with anode, cathode, and electrolyte, and protruding into fluid flow channels to disrupt flow of fluid and enhance heat transfer rate between fluid and cell assembly.    USE - Used to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has improved fluid passages that provide improved heat transfer characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an exemplary arrangement of flow disrupters in single fuel cell.    Anode (20)    Flow disrupters (25)    Cathode (30)    Fuel (34)    Oxidant (38)
NOVELTY - Generation of hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device by hydrolyzing borohydride particles with water in an axial flow reactor (20) to produce reaction products to expose unreacted borohydride particle surfaces for reaction with the water and conveying the mixed materials through the reactor. The mixing and conveying steps are performed using two rotating augers (28, 30).    USE - For generating hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method uses a hydrogen generation system that is compact and requires a minimal amount of power consuming equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Generation of hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device involves conveying lithium borohydride and/or sodium borohydride particles to an axial flow reactor for hydrogen from the power device. Water is injected into the axial flow reactor. The amount of water is chemically balanced to the amount of the borohydride for the hydrolysis of the borohydride. The borohydride particles are hydrolyzed with the water in the reactor at 90 degrees Celsius to produce reaction products comprising hydrogen gas and solid by-products in the reactor to expose unreacted borohydride particle surfaces for reaction with the water. The mixed materials are conveyed through the reactor. The mixing and conveying steps are performed using two rotating augers. The rate of conveying of the borohydride is controlled to retain a hydrogen gas volume in the reactor. The reaction products are removed from the reactor. The hydrogen gas is conveyed to the hydrogen fueled device or to a hydrogen buffer container (70) for the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is schematic view of a hydrogen generation system.    Axial flow reactor (20)    Rotating augers (28, 30)    By-products storage vessel (50)    Buffer container (70)
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing refuse derived fuel (RDF) comprising garbage including grain and vegetables, general waste including paper and plastics, and coal is provided, wherein starch is used to keep the shape of RDF at low price.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises first step of producing a pressed garbage material by pressing garbage including grain and vegetables; second step of producing crushed garbage material by cutting the pressed garbage material; third step of producing pressed general waste material by pressing general waste including paper and plastics; fourth step of producing crushed general waste material by cutting the pressed general waste material; fifth step of mixing the crushed garbage material, crushed general waste material and coal; sixth step of producing first solid fuel molded article by press molding the mixture of the fifth step; seventh step of producing dried first molded article by heating the first molded article of the sixth step; and eighth step of producing final solid fuel by cutting the dried molded article to a size capable of being poured into burner.
NOVELTY - A tapered fuel injection pipe (42) with large diameter portion at bottom, is fitted in the fuel tank (44). A screw (68) arranged in the upper end of the pipe, is rotated along vertical direction. The plant fuel is sent inside the pipe by rotation of the screw.    USE - For generation of inflammable gas such as carbon monoxide and hydrogen using fuel obtained from plants and animals.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel insertion pipe has tapered shape, jamming of pipe due of saw dust is prevented and safe and stable operation is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A interrupter provided to interrupt the pipe, has a cover to cover the upper end opening of the pipe. A sensor detects the pressure, temperature and gas concentration inside the furnace. A controller interrupts the pipe using the interruptor when the detecting signal from the sensor is beyond preset value. Nitrogen gas or carbon dioxide is introduces inside furnace, when the detected signal is beyond preset value. A disk plate is provided at the bottom the fuel tank without interfering with a stirring blade (57). The fuel is sent inside the fuel tank by rotation of the stirring blade.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of the gas generation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Gas generation device (10)    Furnace (12)    Injection pipe (42)    Fuel tank (44)    Stirring tank (57)    Screw (68)
NOVELTY - A gas suction equipment (B) equipped with a frame shaped suction pipe (P1) is arranged at the waste material insertion opening of the compost processing apparatus (A). Several holes inclined at about 30 degrees with respect to surface of the insertion opening, are formed on the suction pipe.    USE - For compost processing of domestic waste, garbage, human waste, animals and plants by using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Since the suction pipe is provided at the insertion opening, release of odor gas from the treatment tank into atmosphere is prevented, when the insertion opening is opened during waste material insertion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front sectional drawing of the compost processing apparatus.    treatment tank (1)    stirring blade (4)    insertion opening (16)    cover (17)    compost processing apparatus (A)    gas suction equipment (B)    suction pipe (P1)    160
NOVELTY - A cutting type stirrer (1) is moved along the front and back direction by rotating a rotary shaft (2) and is moved transversely along a guide rail (8). The guide rail is arranged in the side of an inlet-outlet (40) and rear portion (40) of a manure chamber. The guide rails in the inlet-outlet side is positioned higher than the guide rail in the rear portion.    USE - For stirring and cutting manure obtained from fermentation of waste material of livestock such as cattle, pig, hen and other organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Wide space is ensured inside the manure chamber, by arranging the guide rail in the side of inlet-outlet side and rear portion of the manure chamber. The loading and unloading operations of the manure are not obstructed by the guide rail and thereby operation efficiency is improved. Enables to manufacture good quality manure in short time period even during winter season, due to supply of high temperature air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each cutting blade cuts a manure when ejecting a high pressure gas from a jet nozzle. The gas is heated with a heater before passing through the nozzle. The fermentation gas generated in the manure is sucked and returned to the manure by a fermentation gas suction and return apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the manure stirring apparatus.    stirrer (1)    rotary shaft (2)    guide rail (8)    inlet-outlet of manure chamber (40)    rear portion of manure chamber (41)
NOVELTY - The fermenter has extensible tent roofs (31,32) which cover the upper portion of the fermenter, between insertion opening (4) provided at rear-end portion of fermenter, and truck (12) which moves on fermenter, and extraction opening (5) provided at front-end portion of the fermenter, and the truck, respectively. The roofs are expanded/contracted by movement of truck having roof (20).    USE - For fermenting organic waste such as agricultural waste, waste plants obtained from forests, and excrement of livestock, for producing manure.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need to construct a building for accommodating the fermenter and the transfer and turning-over machine, as the tent roofs cover the fermenter having the sidewall. Hence, reduces the time taken for installation of the apparatus. Enables installing the fermenter at the desired area. Prevents entry of rain water into the fermenter, from the insertion, extraction openings.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Accommodation spaces (51,52) for accommodating respective roofs (31,32) which are in contracted state, are provided at the rear side of the insertion opening, and the front side of the extraction opening, respectively. Transfer and turning-over machine is mounted on the truck which moves from rear to front portion of the fermenter. Roofs are provided above the insertion, extraction openings, to cover the insertion and extraction openings, during rainfall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal sectional view of the fermentation apparatus.    insertion opening (4)    extraction opening (5)    truck (12)    roofs (20,31,32)
NOVELTY - A fermentation floor (4) is arranged between a storage floor (1) and a mixing floor (3) in which a mixing conveyor mixes target process material, addition material (Mc) and processed material (Mb). The mixed material is dropped through an ejector (32) to the receiving area (41) in fermentation floor in which a ploughing conveyor (5) is arranged.    USE - For treating industrial waste, agricultural waste, crumbs, vegetable waste, fish waste, organic substance produced from sewer sludge, livestock droppings such as excrements of cow, horse, pig, bird, and also dehydrated organic refuse, to produce compost used as fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ploughing conveyor is arranged to plough the mixture and gradually moves the mixture towards the ejector (42) formed in the fermentation floor to eject the processed material into the storage floor. The addition material promoting the reproduction of the aerobe and the processed material are stored in the storage floor. Several air blowing openings are formed in the floor surface of the fermentation floor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the compost treatment facility.    storage floor (1)    mixing floor (3)    fermentation floor (4)    ploughing conveyor (5)    ejector (32,42)    receiving area (41)    processed material (Mb)    addition material (Mc)
NOVELTY - A supply unit (50) supplies organic waste into a fermentation container (41) having several ventilating holes (41a) at its peripheral surface, where organic waste is fermented in the container. A blower (45) discharges gas containing oxygen with respect to the organic waste deposited in the container.    USE - For drying compost obtained by processing organic refuse ejected from home, restaurant, and also excrements of livestock such as pig, hen, waste water sludge, for manufacturing manure.    ADVANTAGE - The drying efficiency of the compost is improved. The drying apparatus structure is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An outer cylinder (43) having light transmittance property, is arranged at outer side of the container at preset interval. The container is made of material having high heat absorption factor. A center pipe (44) with exhaust hole (44a) is arranged inside the container. The diameter of the ventilating hole at the inner wall side is set smaller than the diameter of the hole at the outer wall side.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost drying method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the compost drying apparatus.    fermentation container (41)    ventilating holes (41a)    outer cylinder (43)    center pipe (44)    exhaust hole (44a)    blower (45)    supply unit (50)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying mixture of organic waste, livestock excrement, litter and saw dust, into a fermenter equipped with a rotary shaft (12) of a pipe (15) connected to a air blower. The mixture is processed by stirring using the stirring blades (14) with airpipe (16), fixed to the rotary shaft. The manure deposited at the bottom is conveyed by a belt conveyor (17).    USE - For fermentation of organic refuse, livestock excrement, to manufacture manure used in agricultural field.    ADVANTAGE - The odorless manure is easily manufactured. The fermentation process is simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The air supplied through the pipe, is ejected from the air pipe in the stirring blade so as to promote fermentation of the organic waste. An exhaust tube (19) is connected to the casing, to discharge gas produced by fermentation process. A crusher is arranged to crush the saw dust into chips. A separator separates iron metal and non-ferrous metal from the crushed saw dust chip. The organic waste is mixed with the chip by a mixing unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the fermentation system.    rotary shaft (12)    stirring blades (14)    pipe (15)    airpipe (16)    conveyor (17)    exhaust tube (19)
NOVELTY - The degradation enzyme is added to the jellyfish-containing water using a mixing tank (2). The splitting column (3) that degrades and/or removes the waste matter contained in the mixture of elusion water containing jellyfish (13) based on the chemical oxygen demand (COD) level. Deodorizing tower (4) deodorizes the processed gas in the mixing tank.    USE - The process is used for treatment of dead jellyfish contained in waste water ejected from cooling water inhalation system installed in power plants located near sea.    ADVANTAGE - The jellyfish is decomposed reliably, and the odor produced during processing of jellyfish is removed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for jellyfish processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the jellyfish processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Mixing tank (2)    Splitting column (3)    Deodorizing tower (4)    Jellyfish (13)
NOVELTY - An active antiseptic water comprising a nitrite ion and/or 0.08-0.5 mg/l of sulfite ions, and which does not contain chlorine, is new.    USE - The active antiseptic water is used: (a) for drinking, bathing, washing, cooking; (b) used for rearing aquatic animals and fishes e.g. gold fish; (c) used for cleaning brewing products; (d) in preparation of fluid (claimed) containing active antiseptic water such as tea, coffee, black tea, cocoa, oolong tea, liquid seasoning, wine, alcoholic beverages, refined sake, liquor, whisky, shochu liquor, brandy, gin, fruit juice, bean paste, tofu, soya sauce, mirin liquid flavoring and tomato catsup; (e) in preparation of bread and soup for Japanese noodles; and (f) in flower vase, hospital, sterilization, livestock farming, agriculture and forestry.    ADVANTAGE - The active antiseptic water has improved taste. The generation of bacteria is suppressed when the active antiseptic water is used for bathing. The freshness of fruit or vegetable, preservability and harvesting rate can be improved by the usage of the active antiseptic water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an active antiseptic water-containing fluid;    (2) a method of manufacturing active antiseptic water or active antiseptic water-containing fluid;    (3) an apparatus for manufacturing active antiseptic water or active antiseptic water-containing fluid;    (4) a method of removing halogen component in water; and    (5) an apparatus for removing halogen component in water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the active antiseptic water preparing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Treatment tank (1)    Vibrating motor (2)    Spring (3)    Vibration rod (7)    Vibration blade (8)
NOVELTY - The microbe carrier and aerobic microbial cells (d) are adhered to fine gas bubble surface (c) of a fine gas bubble (b) containing oxygen. The gas bubble containing oxygen is mixed with liquid pollutant material (a). The proliferation rate of microbe is increased by providing gas bubble around microbe, and pollutant material is processed with proliferated microbe for short period.    USE - The apparatus is used for adding carrier microbes or/and aerobic microbials cells during decompose treatment of pollutant material like oil.    ADVANTAGE - The pollutant material in liquid is processed effectively in short period using the proliferated microbe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded views explaining the carrier of microbial cells and microbe addition method.    Liquid pollutant material (a)    Fine gas bubble (b)    Fine gas bubble surface (c)    Carrier microbe and aerobic microbial cells (d)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse elimination apparatus for eliminating organic refuse by microbial biodegradation has a fermenter for fermenting organic refuse, a horizontal rotary shaft rotating within the fermenter, several stirring blades fixed to the shaft, a driving unit for driving the rotary shaft and several spherical bodies having diameter of 2-3 cm containing microorganisms stored as a culture medium in the fermenter.    USE - The apparatus is used for eliminating organic refuse from domestic kitchen.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus is cost effective and the organic refuse is eliminated completely without generating odor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for eliminating organic refuse, which involves passing organic refuse to the fermenter containing ceramic spherical body, stirring organic refuse with horizontal rotary shaft and deodorizing the bad smell produced in the fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view of organic refuse elimination apparatus.    Operating door (130)    Stirring motor accommodating portion (150)    Electric cord (153)    Outlet door (170)    Deodorization device (180)
NOVELTY - An outer barrel has a cylindrical screen basket with a rotary shaft attached with vanes whose front ends are inserted into draining slits formed in circumference of basket. The vanes are arranged at preset intervals. The barrel has an drain liquid opening through which waste liquid is ejected.    USE - The apparatus is used for performing fermentation of organic refuse e.g. foodstuff residues, using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition of organic refuse, is performed efficiently within a short period, by removing the fermentation inhibitor from the refuse in barrel. Ejection of waste liquid is performed reliably, by the vanes inserted into the slits and rotated to prevent clogging of slits.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The barrel forms a socket and organic refuse discharge opening. A hot water bath stores hot water to be supplied to the barrel. The inner face of a fermenter is divided into several processing chambers by dividing walls. A transfer path guides organic refuse to the chambers, from one end to the other end. The barrel which removes fermentation inhibitor like, oil component from organic refuse, is held in the disposer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of organic refuse disposer.    Refuse insertion opening (2)    Inspection port (3)    Doors (4, 5)    Extraction opening (6)    Flue (8)
NOVELTY - The pressure inside a methane-fermentation tank (1) for carrying out methane-fermentation processing of the organic waste, is reduced at 32-42 degreesC or 50-60 degreesC, until methane-fermentation liquid is in boiling state.    USE - For processing organic waste such as foodstuff waste material, livestock farming waste material and sewage sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The need for membrane separation unit and fixed bed, is eliminated, hence the cost required for processing the organic waste, is reduced. The methane fermentation is performed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the organic waste processing apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methane-fermentation tank (1)    Vacuum pump (2)    Condenser (3)    Gas-liquid separator (4)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus has drier (28) having ventilators (27, 31) for drying organic refuse (23), biological treatment tank (BTT) (20) for decomposing organic refuse using microorganisms, stirrer (21) provided in the tank and a stirring control unit (35) for controlling stirrer based on movement of organic refuse from drier to BTT, is new.    USE - The process is used for processing organic refuse released from domestic kitchens.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables the user to effectively reduce weight and volume of organic refuse and favorably decompose organic refuse, without producing bad smell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Biological treatment tank (20)    Stirrer (21)    Microbe carrier (22)    Organic refuse (23)    Heater (24)    Ventilator (27, 31)    Drier (28)    Stirring control unit (35)
NOVELTY - An organic substance is fermented and carbonized. The carbonized gas produced by carbonization process is burned, and fermentation odor is removed.    USE - The process is used for removing fermentation odor.    ADVANTAGE - The removal of fermentation odor effectively prevents disagreeable stinking compound expansion in fermentation process, and efficiently removes fermentation odor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fermentation odor treatment method by aerobic fermentation. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A microorganism (I) belonging to Gordonia genus, gram-positive bacillus having biochemical properties positive for catalase, nitrate reduction ability, alkali phosphatase, and beta-galactosidase, and negative for pyrazinamidase, pyrolidonyl allyl amidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, urease, gelatin-liquefaction ability, and esculin, glucose and ribose utilization ability, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for processing cyclic hydrocarbon-containing substance, which involves using (II), where the cyclic hydrocarbon-containing substance is a waste engine oil (claimed). (I) is useful as (II) for waste-oil treatment.    ADVANTAGE - (I) enables processing cyclic hydrocarbon containing substance such as waste engine oil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A microorganism (I) belonging to Gordonia genus is gram-positive bacillus, having biochemical properties positive for catalase, nitrate reduction ability, alkali phosphatase, and beta-galactosidase, and negative for pyrazinamidase, pyrolidonyl allyl amidase, beta-glucuronidase, alpha-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, urease, gelatin-liquefaction ability, and esculin, glucose, ribose, xylose, mannitol, maltose, lactose, sucrose and glucose utilization ability.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) GR-004 strain of Gordonia sp. having the accession number FERM P-18806; and    (2) cyclic hydrocarbon degradation agent (II) containing (I).
NOVELTY - A method for decomposing benzothiazoles involves reacting benzothiazoles with microorganisms having capability to decompose benzothiazoles, or enzymes produced by these microorganisms.    USE - For decomposing benzothiazoles such as benzothiazole type vulcanization accelerators, 2-methylthio benzothiazole and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole (claimed) contained in soil and industrial wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively decomposes benzothiazole on mild conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows benzothiazoles decomposition reaction by HKT554 microbial cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A dehydrogenation device having tubular injector with holes which supply a hydrocarbon fuel to a catalyst provided at inner wall of a cylinder (12), performs dehydrogenation of fuel, using catalyst. A reaction unit (1) has liquid heating medium (7) which heats catalyst from outer side of cylinder. A separation tank separates hydrogen gas from dehydrogenation product obtained from the dehydrogenation device.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas used in fuel cell mounted in vehicles such as electric vehicles, and for use as fuel for vehicle engine.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the size and weight of the apparatus, by using several tubular dehydrogenation devices. Improves the dehydrogenation efficiency per unit volume, and improves the amount of generation of pure hydrogen gas, and improves energy efficiency of the apparatus, by using the waste heat of the hydrogen-fueled engine, for heating the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reaction unit has several tubular dehydrogenation devices (5a1-5an) arranged in preset intervals. The heating medium heats the catalyst of each dehydrogenation device. A cooling-water circulation system controls the temperature of heating medium flowing through heating-medium circulation system of the apparatus, so as to maintain the catalyst at the suitable temperature. The separation tank storing hydrocarbon fuel, and having hydrogen-gas discharge port, has a separation membrane which permits transmission of hydrogen gas and prevents transmission of the dehydrogenation product. A multiple-chamber type storage tank has a dehydrogenation-product storage chamber for storing product from which hydrogen is removed, and fuel storage chamber, which are divided by a movable partition wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged perspective view of the reaction unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction unit (1)    dehydrogenation devices (5a1-5an)    heating medium (7)    cylinder (12)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst is stored in a cylindrical container (11). A high heat conductivity material (25) having heat conductivity more than a modification catalyst layer (17) is arranged along the gas flow path of the modification catalyst layer. The source gas is modified into hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol, when the gas contacts the modification catalyst at a modification temperature of about 700 degrees C.    USE - For generating hydrogen used in e.g. fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain uniform temperature distribution of the modification catalyst layer, by using the high heat conductivity material and thereby the modification efficiency is increased. The flow of gas into the modification catalyst layer is not restrained, by arranging plate or cylindrical shaped high heat conductivity material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high heat conductivity material is formed in the shape of a plate or cylinder and is selected from metal or ceramics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    hydrogen generator (10)    cylindrical container (11)    modification catalyst layer (17)    gas dispersion chamber (22)    high heat conductivity material (25)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen recovery chamber and an outer cylinder enclose the air-permeable inner cylinder (12) having several reaction chambers (38) filled with modification catalyst (13). The inner cylinder is rotated towards hydrogen separation membrane (28) of outer cylinder so that hydrogen generated by reforming source gas using catalyst is transferred from reaction chamber to hydrogen collection chamber.    USE - Generating hydrogen that is supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The need for pump and compressor to supply source gas or to increase the pressure of source gas is eliminated, hence the overall size of the hydrogen generator is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    inner container (12)    modification catalyst (13)    gas inlet (15)    hydrogen separation membrane (28)    reaction chamber (38)
NOVELTY - The silver zeolite adsorption agent is filled at the upstream side of the de-sulfurizing container and activated-carbon-adsorption agent is filled at the lower side of the de-sulfurizing container.    USE - For removing sulfur compound such as sulfides, thiophenes and mercaptans contained in heating gas such as town gas, liquid petroleum gas (LPG) and natural gas used as raw material for manufacture of hydrogen used as fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to completely remove the sulfur compound from the heating gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for removal method of sulfur compound in heating gas.
NOVELTY - A sensing element (50) with a cavity (51a) is mounted in a case, so that thermal capacity of the detector unit is reduced, and the cavity is sealed with respect to a test chamber.    USE - As silicon made micro sensor, for detecting density of combustible gas, and leakage of gas. Also for detecting leakage of hydrogen in fuel cell unit in motor vehicles, for detecting flow rate of air, combustible gas like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon group gas, e.g. pressure sensor, flow rate sensor, contact combustion-type combustible-gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The novel sensor prevents reduction in detection property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above sensor element assembly.    element case (41)    terminal for elements (45)    packing (48)    sensing element (50)    cavity (51a)    detector unit (53)    signal line (57)    partition unit (58a)    filler (58b)
NOVELTY - A sensitive layer has an upper layer (412) consisting of a material chosen from the group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, osmium, iridium and platinum, and lower layer (411) consisting of pillar-shaped tin oxide crystal.    USE - Gas sensor element for detection of oxidizing gas and reducing gas such as carbon monoxide gas, hydrocarbon gas, liquefied petroleum gas, town gas, natural gas, methane, halogenated hydrocarbon gas, alcohol group gas, aldehyde group gas, hydrogen, hydrogen sulfide gas, nitrogen oxide gas, ammonia gas, chlorine gas and fluorine gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables detection of oxidizing gas and reducing gas with high sensitivity and high selectivity, by providing an upper layer consisting of platinum or palladium, and controls the temperature of the sensitive layer correctly and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the reducing gas sensitive layer.    lower layer (411)    upper layer (412)    tin oxide containing portion (4111)
NOVELTY - A detection block (28) has a sensing element (26) and a temperature-compensation element (27) connected as a bridge circuit. A circuit block (25) connecting the sensing and temperature compensation elements, detects the gas concentration, based on electrical-resistance variation of sensing element, so that the blocks do not overlap along thickness direction of gas sensor main casing (11a).    USE - Contact combustion-type gas sensor e.g. hydrogen sensor, carbon monoxide gas sensor, methane gas sensor for fuel-cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the detecting block and circuit block do not overlap along thickness direction of gas sensor main casing, increase in thickness dimension of gas sensor is suppressed, hence wiring structure during connection is simplified and number of connecting terminals is reduced. Thereby, time, effort and cost of manufacturing the sensor are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the contact combustion-type gas sensor.    gas sensor (11)    gas sensor main casing (11a)    circuit block (25)    sensing element (26)    temperature-compensation element (27)    detection block (28)
NOVELTY - A composition for decomposition of decomposition-resistant organic substances such as dioxin, contains product obtained from the culture of white-rot fungi excluding the microorganisms.    USE - For decomposing decomposition-resistant organic substances such as dioxin on the contaminant such as incinerated ash.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has high dioxin decomposability and effectively decomposes dioxin in a short period of time. The method is cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for decomposition method of decomposition-resistant organic substances such as dioxin, which involves reacting the composition containing product obtained from culture of white-rot fungi excluding the microorganisms, with contaminant contaminated by decomposition-resistant organic substances.
NOVELTY - Producing (M1) lactic acid comprising hydrolyzing paper manufacture sludge using enzyme and converting the glucose produced in the hydrolyzing step to lactic acid by fermentation, is new.    USE - (M1) is useful for producing lactic acid (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) is economical and enables mass production of lactic acid within short time.
NOVELTY - Multiple reactive gas manifolds connected to either an external gas supply path or external gas exhaust passage, are formed with the through holes (201-203). A separator is equipped with gas passage ways (204,205) that are connecting the through holes of the manifolds.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Energy efficiency is improved by providing output of wide range. The gas flow is maintained in specific direction with respect to gravity thus suppressing flooding and increase of pressure loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the separator used in fuel cell.    through holes (201-203)    gas passageways (204,205)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a fuel feed pump (31), water pump (32) and an air pump (33). A motor (34) driving the pumps (31-33), has its output shaft detachedly connected to rotary shaft (31a-33a) of each pump with the clutches (35-37).    USE - Reformation raw material supply apparatus used in fuel cell system, for supplying fuel, air, water to fuel cell and fuel product.    ADVANTAGE - An inexpensive apparatus is provided, by using a motor for driving three pumps.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the reformation raw material supply apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel feed pump (31)    water pump (32)    air pump (33)    motor (34)    clutches (35-37)
NOVELTY - An organic gas processing element has electrode (1) on both surfaces of honey-comb structured material (5) and an inorganic insulating material (3) between the electrode and honey-comb structured material. The honey-comb structured material supports an organic gas adsorption agent.    USE - In organic gas processing apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic gas processing element enables the organic gas processing apparatus to perform efficient decomposition-treatment of gas even in dilute state in air, with reduced consumption of energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic gas processing apparatus, which has the organic gas processing element and electric power unit for generating plasma between the electrodes of the gas processing element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows enlarged front view of the organic gas processing element.    electrode (1)    electrode plate (2)    inorganic insulating material (3)    wiring (4)    honey-comb structured material (5)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a fan motor (80) that has a control substrate (84) with a mounting portion (84a) on which a driving circuit that excites the coil (83a) of a stator (83) is mounted, where the contact pin (83d) of the mounting portion and stator is coated with a silicone film of predetermined thickness.    USE - Organic refuse processing apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the damp-proof effect by coating the contact pin with silicone film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fan motor has an air blower (82) with blades on the periphery of a rotor (82b). The stator is arranged at the radial direction of the rotor to rotate the air blower by excitation of the coil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the fan motor.    fan motor (80)    air blower (82)    rotor (82b)    stator (83)    coil (83a)    contact pin (83d)    control substrate (84)    mounting portion (84a)
NOVELTY - A methane fermentation processing apparatus, consists of a methane fermentation tank (34) filled with methane bacteria (43), immobilized in a support which is knitted into a synthetic resin wire.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic waste such as surplus sludge, organic refuse, food processing dregs and activated sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The number of anaerobic microorganism immobilized per unit area of the support is sharply increased using the knitted synthetic resin and hydrophilizing the support. Therefore, the processing capacity of the microorganism is improved sharply and methane fermentation is performed stably. The whole processing apparatus can be made compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of methane fermentation tank filled with immobilized microorganism. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane fermentation tank (34)    pump (36)    gas cylinder (37)    immobilized microorganism (43)    support (41)    stirrer (61)
NOVELTY - A system (6) for feeding hydrogen for a fuel cell (19), incorporating an anode (20) and a cathode (21) of the type comprising: (a) a first chamber containing a catalyser connected to a inlet conduit for a hydrocarbon based fuel and an outlet conduit for hydrogen; (b) a second chamber containing a catalyser connected to an inlet conduit for air and an outlet conduit for combustion gas. The catalyser is a selective cracking catalyser and a heat exchanger is mounted between the two chambers.    USE - The system incorporating a selective cracking catalyser is used for feeding gas to fuel cell, of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) type, for the production of electrical energy, notably for the electric motors of electrically propelled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen feed system uses a technique for the chemical transformation of petrol that is simpler and less cumbersome than conventional systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of electric energy from a fuel cell fed by hydrogen using this feed system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the first stage of a two stage system for the production of electrical energy in accordance with the invention.    Hydrocarbon fuel inlet conduit; (1)    Hydrogen feed system; (6)    Heat exchanger; (7)    Catalyser; (10)    Fuel cell; (19)    Evaporator; (15)    Anode; (20)    Cathode; (21)    Turbine; (38)    Electric motor. (41)
NOVELTY - An exhaust pipe (7) is provided to an exhaust manifold unit (5) for discharging gas in a fuel cell container (12) via exhaust outlet (14) and set air pressure in the exhaust manifold unit into atmospheric pressure. A compressed air pipe (8) is attached onto a cell housing unit (4) and creates air pressure equal to or smaller than fuel gas pressure but equal to or larger than atmospheric pressure.    USE - For fuel cells of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces exhaust flow amount of compressed air. Prevents dirt and water from being adhered onto the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell container is divided into the exhaust manifold unit and cell housing unit by a separate plate (9).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of a container structure for fuel cell.    Cell housing unit (4)    Exhaust manifold unit (5)    Exhaust pipe (7)    compressed air pipe (8)    Separate plate (9)    Fuel cell container (12)    Exhaust outlet (14)
NOVELTY - A multi-stage composting system that holds the material (5) within a hermetically sealed box (2) in a compost module (1), is new.    USE - The system is for a multi-stage composting of gardening waste, bio-waste or other organic waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The waste is reduced to compost by multiple use of the available machinery, with reduced processing times and a more efficient conversion of the waste into compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The multi-stage composting system holds the material (5) within a hermetically sealed box (2) in a compost module (1). After a given dwell time, the material is transferred to another module. The material is inserted into the module from one side by a screw conveyor (7) across the box width, and extracted by a conveyor (14) from the other side for recirculation back to the start. The delivery screw is hermetically sealed within a pipe, fitted with ejection openings (9) into the box interior. The modules work together in series or in parallel, in a tunnel block.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view of a composting module.    Module (1)    Hermetically sealed box (2)    Waste material for composting (5)    Delivery screw conveyor (7)    Ejection openings (9)    Extraction conveyor (14)
NOVELTY - A treatment apparatus (1) for treatment of a material, e.g. iron ore, under pyrolytical conditions, comprises a housing (2) having an extrusion screw (3) for processing the material.    USE - The apparatus is for treatment of material under pyrolytical conditions. The material coal is processed into the product char. The material iron ore is processed into the product steel in the presence of a reducing agent. The material tar and/or oil is processed into the products petrol, diesel fuel and/or other chemicals. The material biomass, tires or waste is processed into the products oil and gas. (All claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus results in an efficient and fast production of the processed product, and well controllable residence time and temperature profile.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for treatment of a material under pyrolytical conditions in three phases, comprising a heating phase of the material, a reaction phase in which the material may become at least partially plastic and a third phase in which one or more processed products are formed. The processed products are formed from the material in a housing while the material and the products in the housing are transported forcibly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an apparatus for treatment of a material under pyrolytic conditions.    Treatment apparatus (1)    Housing (2)    Extrusion screw (3)    Outlets (5, 7, 8)    Inlet (6)    Storage bin (10)
NOVELTY - Biological work-up of gases containing hydrocarbons (40-95 volume %) and carbon dioxide (2-60 volume %) involves (1) at least partially photosynthetically fixing the CO2 with microorganisms in a reactor; (2) anaerobically degrading the resulting biomass to a biogas; (3) at least partially photosynthetically fixing the CO2 in the biogas with microorganisms in a reactor; and (4) anaerobically degrading the resulting biomass to a biogas.    USE - The gas to be worked up can be one with a high methane content, e.g. natural-, bio-, sewer- or dump-gas or gas from a purification plant and the process can be used to operate a block heating and generating plant (7).    ADVANTAGE - The process not only gives economical purification of the combustion gas but also has improved efficiency with respect to the amount of carbon dioxide eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) apparatus for the process comprising a fermenter (1), a secondary fermenter (2) and a photobio-reactor (4) with a gas-liquid separator (5); and    (2) operation of a block heating and generating plant comprising purifying a gas containing hydrocarbons (40-95 volume %) and carbon dioxide (2-60 volume %) using the above work-up process and then combusting the biogases obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic representation of an apparatus for effecting the biological gas production.    fermenter (1)    secondary fermenter (2)    elastic cover (3)    photobio-reactor (4)    gas- liquid separator (5)    elastic hood (6)    block heating and generating plant (7)    heatable mantle (8)
NOVELTY - Production of electrical and thermal energy from solid and liquid biogenic residual materials in a power station comprises operating a biogas installation and a pyrolysis reactor and feeding the biogas produced in the biogas installation with the purified pyrolysis gas to the power station.    USE - For producing electrical and thermal energy from solid and liquid biogenic residual materials in a power station.    ADVANTAGE - High quality gas is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of electrical and thermal energy from solid and liquid biogenic residual materials in a power station comprises operating a biogas installation and a pyrolysis reactor, separating the liquid biogenic residual material into a thin phase and a solids phase, feeding the thin phase into the biogas installation, feeding the separated liquid phase of the residual material into the reactor, feeding the solid residual material into the reactor, feeding the pyrolysis gas into the biogas installation, and feeding the biogas produced in the biogas installation with the purified pyrolysis gas to the power station.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of the process. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - For the biological cleaning of sewage, the sewage is fed into a reactor containing a biomass together with a gas as air, oxygen-enriched air or oxygen.    USE - The reactor is for biological cleaning of municipal and industrial sewage, to eliminate organic compounds with an aerobic action.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor incurs a low capital investment, and operates with a low energy consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sewage and gas are fed into the reactor through two concentric pipes, as a twin jet assembly (2), where the end of the inner pipe to carry the gas is over the end of the outer pipe to deliver the sewage. The outflow opening (3) of the outer pipe, and the jet assembly, is at a gap (A) from the base (4) of the reactor (1) which is larger than half the height (H) of the sewage level within the reactor. The sewage is delivered by a pump (12), and the gas is blown through by a fan (13).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the reactor assembly.    Reactor (1)    Twin-pipe jet assembly (2)    Twin-jet outflow opening (3)    Reactor base (4)    Sewage pump (12)    Gas fan (13)    Gap between the jet outflow and the reactor base (A)    Sewage level within the reactor (H)
NOVELTY - To remove organic compounds from sewage, and other waste water flows (A), a combination of processes is used to give chemical, biological and catalyst reactions. The reactions take place within a common reaction zone (1).    USE - The technique is for cleaning sewage and waste water flows, to remove organic compounds.    ADVANTAGE - In addition to the chemical and biological reactions, the catalyst reaction is provided without expensive catalysts which have to be regenerated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - To remove organic compounds from sewage, and other waste water flows (A), a combination of processes is used to give chemical, biological and catalyst reactions. The reactions take place within a common reaction zone (1). The catalyst reaction is through at least one electrode in a pair composed of a cathode (2) and an anode (4), immersed in the flow, charged with an electrical potential (P) below the dissociation voltage level. The flow for treatment is recirculated through the reaction zone with an added air feed (L).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the sewage cleaning assembly.    Reaction zone (1)    Cathode (2)    Anode (4)    Sewage flow (A)    Added air feed (L)    Electrical potential (P)
NOVELTY - Device for detecting radiation signals comprises a first detector (5a), a second detector (5b), a first filter (11a) and a second filter (11b). The detectors are formed on a first chip (1) and the filters on a second chip (2). The chips are connected together in a hermetically sealed manner, especially using wafer bonding.    USE - Used in the cabin of a vehicle, in the laboratory, in the food industry, in air conditioners, in buildings, in medicine, in the home and in environmental technology. Gases which may be detected include carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, water vapor and methane.    ADVANTAGE - The seal between the filters and detectors is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for measuring the concentration of a material in the radiation path of a radiation source, containing the detecting device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the device.    first chip (1)    second chip (2)    first substrate (4)    first detector (5a)    second detector (5b)    absorber layer (9)    first filter (11a)    second filter (11b)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses organic waste water treating technology combining microbe colony to degrade organic matter and membrane reactor, and is suitable for the purification and recovery of various organic waste water, including city domestic sewage, industry organic waste water, agricultural sewage, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The present invention can reduce COD of sewage and lower ammonia nitrogen content to reach the standard of medium water for washing vehicle, flushing toilet, irrigating, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - One or several kinds of separated and cultured efficient degrading microbial strain are added into biological membrane reactor to degrade various organic matters quickly for recovering waste water. The microbes are separated from environment sample, sewage or sludge, and can degradecellulose, protein, fat, carbohydrate, detergent, ammonia nitrogen and other pollutants.
NOVELTY - Anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes using a mixture of acidogenic and methanogenic bacteria to produce methane, for electricity generation, and residual sludge, odorless and free from pathogens, useful as fertilizer. A side-stream of hot water from the process is used to maintain the optimum temperature for fish farming. The mixed bacterial culture reduces the amount of carbon dioxide produced from 35%, when using methanogenic bacteria only, to 11.7 %.    USE - Production of methane for electricity generation and sludge for use as fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The effluent from livestock rearing is separated into liquid and solid fractions, and the latter is treated e.g. by electroflocculation, electrolysis or methanization, to make it suitable for use as a fuel. The processed solids can be mixed with other organic or mineral materials, such as timber waste or sludge from purification plants.    USE - For separation of solids from livestock rearing effluent, for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The novel fuel, with or without organic or mineral additives, can be used for a wide variety of purposes.
NOVELTY - A power generation apparatus comprises a fuel cell; and a reforming module (21a) adapted to reform hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and other components, and to separate the hydrogen from the other components. The apparatus is arranged so that the hydrogen is fed from the reforming module to the anode of the fuel cell.    USE - For generating power and producing hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides for the highly efficient and clean generation of power and hydrogen to allow for a transition to a sustainable low pollution use of fossil fuel energy without release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of operating a fuel cell, comprising recycling hydrogen from the anode outflow back to anode inlet (3), such that the fuel cell has a minimum cell operating voltage of 0.8 volts and the molar ratio of hydrogen to water in the anode outflow is greater than 0.5;    (b) a method of generating electrical power and producing hydrogen using the inventive apparatus; and    (c) a method of operating a power generation apparatus comprising condensing water from the anode exhaust stream; and recycling all or portion of the hydrogen in the resultant stream back to the anode of the fuel cell, and/or tapping off all or the remainder of the hydrogen for use elsewhere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematically a power generation system.    Anode inlet (3)    Reforming module (21a)    Desorption module (21b)    Condenser unit (22)    Cathode portion (24)    Anode compartment (25)
NOVELTY - A catalyst structure for Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, has a first porous structure with a first pore surface area and a first pore size of at least 0.1 mum; a porous interfacial layer with a second pore surface area and a second pore size less than the first pore size; and a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst from cobalt, ruthenium, iron, rhenium and/or osmium placed upon the second surface area. The interfacial layer is placed upon the first surface area.    USE - For Fischer-Tropsch synthesis, and for a Fischer-Tropsch reactor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention can achieve the same or higher conversion at shorter residence time, and/or at higher hydrogen/carbon monoxide (H2/CO). It reduces the pressure of the Fischer-Tropsch reaction resulted in increased yield, less selectivity toward methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of Fischer-Tropsch reaction, comprising passing a feed stream having a mixture of hydrogen gas with carbon monoxide gas through the catalyst structure and heating the catalyst structure to at least 200 degrees C at an operating pressure, thus obtaining a product stream of at least 25% conversion of carbon monoxide and at most 25% selectivity toward methane; and    (b) a method of making a Fischer-Tropsch catalyst structure, comprising depositing the porous interfacial layer upon the first pore surface area of the first porous structure; and placing the Fischer-Tropsch catalyst upon the second pore surface area.    The feed stream has a residence time of less than 5 seconds within the catalyst structure.
NOVELTY - An autothermal catalytic steam reformer comprises reforming channel (2) coated with reforming catalyst (4), combustion channel (3) coated with combustion catalyst (5) close to (2) to permit heat transfer and a fuel introducer to introduce fuel into (3) disposed at intervals along a length of (2).    USE - In the preparation of hydrogen to operate fuel cell during the production of electric power and in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides compactness as it provides combustion on one side of a strip and steam reforming on the other, stack of multiple layers further enhances the ability of the reactor to work in a compact space. The compactness is further enhanced by providing the reforming and water-gas shift reactions in the same channel and by cooling the air. The cooling channel reduces the temperature of the water-gas shift reaction so as to maximize the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of hydrogen in a compact space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a steam reformer.    Reactor (1)    Reforming channel (2)    Combustion channel (3)    Reforming catalyst (4)    Combustion catalyst (5)    Hydrocarbon fuel. (6)
NOVELTY - An impurity removal and isolation system comprises a first stage scrubber having an operating pressure. The first stage scrubber further comprises a treatment area having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. The treatment area is formed to provide counter-current contact of sea water with the hydrocarbon gas stream within the treatment area.    USE - For removing and isolating an impurity in a hydrocarbon gas stream by using the second stage pressure differential to flash the impurities and gas sequestered from a second stage gas stream, and flowing the second stage gas stream through the second stage scrubber (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention is effective in operation, energy efficient, safer, less costly to build and operate, and more environmentally sustainable than prior art systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An impurity removal and isolation system comprises a first stage scrubber (3) having an operating pressure. The first stage scrubber further comprises a treatment area having a pressure higher than atmospheric pressure. The treatment area has an inlet for receiving the hydrocarbon gas stream (5) and is formed to provide counter-current contact of sea water (6, 20, 31) with the hydrocarbon gas stream within the treatment area to sequestrate the impurity in the sea water to provide first stage sequestered sea water (7, 19, 38, 47), and a purified hydrocarbon gas stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of a multi-stage sour gas sweetening system.    Sour gas (1)    First stage scrubber (3)    Stream (5)    Sea water (6, 20, 31)    Sequestered sea water (7, 19, 38, 47)    Control valve (9, 28, 40)    Second, third, and fourth stage scrubbers (11, 21, 42)    Gas (14, 33, 43)    Energy recovery turbine (29)
NOVELTY - The cell has a flexible bond between a ridged bipolar separate plate (61) and a membrane electrode assembly with a fuel cell module. The bond seals the edge portions of the assembly to prevent the release of reactants. A manifold (51A) delivers and removes reactants and their products to and from the cell. Another bond affixes the manifold to the plate to provide a seal between them to prevent release of reactants.    USE - Used for producing electrical power in automotive power system, portable power generator in home or in light commercial power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The separator plate manages the reactants, maintains separation of the fuel and oxygen and also provides structural support for the assembly. The plate enables decoupling of the electrical contacts and for the sealing from the fuel cell stack assembly, thus reducing mechanical difficulties in manufacture and assembly, conducting current more efficiently and eliminating serial sealing problems. The fuel cell exhibits simple assembly since the inter separator plate gaskets are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) an array of independently acting compliant electrical contacts within a fuel cell electrode    (b) a method of generating electrical power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a reverse side of the modular bipolar separator plate and membrane electrode assembly and two manifolds.    Manifolds (51A, 51B)    Bipolar separator plate (61)    Compliant electrical contacts (69)
NOVELTY - The system has a sensor circuit (86) secured to a fuel cell so that a power source to selectively deliver a preset sensing current to the cell for a preset sensing duration. A controller selectively admits hydrogen containing reducing fluid into anode flow field whenever the circuit senses that a shut down monitoring voltage of the fuel cell is about same as or exceeds a sensor voltage limit of a fuel cell power plant.    USE - Used for determining a gas composition within a fuel cell of a shut down fuel cell power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The system allows efficient monitoring of an amount of oxygen within the fuel cell flow fields during shut down in order to minimize oxidative corrosion and fuel cell performance degradation. The gas composition determination can be monitored without any need for use of complex and costly sensors within the fuel cell flow fields by utilizing the cathode and anode electrodes of the fuel cell as effective sensors for the sensor circuit. The system minimizes any oxidative delay and performance degradation of the power plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sensor circuit has a power source (88), a voltage measuring device (90), and a sensor circuit switch (92). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of determining a gas composition of a fuel cell of a shut down fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of a system for determining a gas composition within a fuel cell of a shut down fuel cell power plant.    Fuel cell gas composition determining system (10)    Fuel cell (12)    Anode and cathode electrodes (14, 16)    Anode flow field (28)    Sensor circuit (86)    Power source (88)    Voltage-measuring device (90)    Sensor circuit switch (92)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen management system has container (200) with metal particles in contact with electrolyte (220); recombination catalyst (224) separate from electrolyte in vapor communication with container, the catalyst catalyzing reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water; and oxygen source connected to container that provides oxygen to its interior, in which hydrogen gas in container contacts the catalyst and combine with oxygen to form water.    USE - Used for electrochemical cells (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for managing hydrogen in fuel container for electrochemical cell system (199) comprising reacting hydrogen gas with oxygen gas to form water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of fuel cell system with container having recombination catalyst and oxygen source.    Electrochemical cell system (199)    Container (200)    Vent (210)    Electrolyte (220)    Recombination catalyst (224)
NOVELTY - A methanol-based hydrogen reforming method includes a steam generator, a methanol injector, a spark plasma heater, a methanol catalytic steam reactor, a hydrogen separation unit, a thermal management unit, a 3-power stage controller, a CO oxidation unit, and a battery unit. The bubble micro-particles formed by means of the mixing of methanol and steam is directly injected into the spark plasma heater and heated, and then synthesized into a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide through the catalytic steam reactor. Then hydrogen is separated from the mixture of gases through the hydrogen separation unit. Hydrogen gas can be used for energy supply and a variety of energy production units such as fuel cells, engines, dynamos, and etc.
NOVELTY - Contact bodies populated with bacteria are made to follow a downward spiral or zig-zag-shaped path towards the bottom of a container and then allowed to float upwards again.    USE - For purifying and filtering methane gas produced by fermentation of biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The contact bodies are less likely to form clumps and block up the process apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for producing methane gas from biomass comprises filling two or more separate regions with contact bodies which are populated with bacteria and float in the liquid gas, so that solids present in the liquid are trapped and water can be drained off unhindered. The contact bodies are recirculated by making them flow downwards with the substrate to the bottom of a container along a spiral or zig-zag-shaped path and then allowing them to float upwards again via different height compartments interconnected in the vertical direction. The compartments are formed by spaces in the spiral blades or slats.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figures 1 and 2 show a vertical section of a reactor containing a spiral path around a central liquid column and a cross- section of a reactor containing a zig-zag path with parallel horizontal slats to one side of a liquid column.    Substrate inlet (a)    Vessel volume (b)    Vertical liquid columns (c, d)    Branch point (e)    Gas outlet (f)
NOVELTY - The temperature of the gas is reduced by introducing it into a relatively low temperature cavity or reactor, or by introducing a relatively low temperature liquid or vapor into the gas, so that excess moisture in the gas forms condensation which is separated from the gas by a membrane, along with the compounds dissolved in the water.    USE - For removing sulfur compounds from biogas generated by fermentation, purifying gases produced by high temperature gasification of organic materials such as coal, wood, sewage sludge or manure, or for removing carbon dioxide from biogas or combustion gases (claimed), especially for removing hydrogen sulfide, as well as cyanides.    ADVANTAGE - The gas purification apparatus is relatively compact.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the gas purification apparatus.    Gas pressure increasing device (2)    Mixer chamber (2)    Membrane cooler (4)    Venturi mixer (5)    Condensation collection tank (7)    Membrane cooling circuit (8)    Heat exchanger (9)    Gas collection tank (12)    Filter (18)    Post-cooling device (28)
NOVELTY - Provided is a fermented fertilizer, which is obtained from the by-products generated in extracting Chinese medicine, at a low cost with a high safety, prevents the attack of a plant pathogen in a high-cost orchid. and does not generate rotting odors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermented fertilizer from Chinese medicine by-products is prepared by the method comprising the steps of: fermenting 70% or more of Chinese medicine by-products with Aspergillus oryzae or other easily accessible effective microorganisms in the presence of molasses, adding a mineral solution and a zeolite powder for about 72 hours; and then drying sufficiently to prevent the refermentation. In a variant, the fermented fertilizer is formed into a pellet(10) without drying.
NOVELTY - A sludge (S) composting apparatus has fermenter (4) for fermenting sludge, sealed building (1) for preventing ejection of water vapor generated from the fermenter to the environment, and dew-formation interruption prevention unit (5) provided at upper portion of the fermenter for preventing interruption of dew formation due to vapor generated from the fermenter.    USE - For composting sludge such as sewage sludge and wastewater sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The sludge composting apparatus effectively prevents formation and mixing of dew with the fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of sludge composting apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    building (1)    side wall (2)    roof of building (3)    fermenter (4)    dew-formation interruption prevention unit (5)    sludge (S)
NOVELTY - A processing apparatus, has a container (12) for storing microbial bed of porous particles for the proliferation of microorganism with decomposes organic substance, a moving blade (21) which turns around a rotary shaft (22), and a stirrer (2) for stirring the microbial bed. The organic substance is put into the container mixed with microbial bed and decomposed.    USE - The apparatus is used for decomposing organic substances such as organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substance is easily and completely decomposed into gas and steam using the apparatus. Therefore, there is no need to eject the water from the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows side face sectional drawing of organic substance processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Case (1)    Stirrer (2)    Suction apparatus (3)    Heater (4)    Lid (11)    Container (12)    Moving blade (21)    Rotary shaft (22)    Support material (23)
NOVELTY - Forming a treatment substance by mixing a fermentation microbe and a water-content adjustment material with an organic waste, is new. The treatment substance is fermented and dried by stirring the treatment substance and supplying hot air simultaneously. The supply of hot air to the treatment substance is repeated for advancing fermentation and drying operations.    USE - The method and apparatus are used for processing organic waste to produce fertilizer and fodder.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation of the organic waste is activated by stirring and supplying hot air and therefore the organic waste is treated efficiently and uniformly in short time period. The water content of the treatment substance is removed efficiently, preventing ejection of unpleasant odor during treatment of the organic waste. Enables stable and efficient manufacturing of the fertilizer and fodder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus which has stirring unit to stir organic waste supplied into a fermenter (5). The water-content adjustment material is supplied through an insertion opening (3) for mixing with the organic waste. The fermenter is rotated by a gearwheel, a chain (22) and a motor. The hot air in the fermenter is ventilated using a hot-air circuit (10). A deodorizing device (12) is arranged to deodorize the exhaust air. The processed substances are collected through an extraction opening (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of the organic-waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Insertion opening (3)    Fermenter (5)    Extraction opening (6)    Hot-air circuit (10)    Deodorizing device (12)    Chain (22)
NOVELTY - Greening of dioxin contaminated soil (1) involves spraying material (2) containing dioxin decomposition manure (4) on dioxin contaminated soil and developing plant growth substrate (3), is new.    USE - The method is used for planting trees in soil contaminated by dioxin.    ADVANTAGE - The greening of dioxin contaminated soil is carried out easily and economically. The method effectively prevents the corrosion, erosion by rain water and sloping of the contaminated soil. Since the manure contains raw material obtained from plants, the load on the environment such as eco-system and vegetation is prevented. Trees are planted reliably on the surface of the contaminated soil by spraying the material containing plant seed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the greening method of the dioxin contaminated soil. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Contaminated soil (1)    Spray material (2)    Plant growth substrate (3)    Dioxin decomposition manure (4)    Fertile soil material (5)
NOVELTY - An archaebacterium (IRCS 99138A) (FERM P-19031) (I), which belongs to a novel genus, where (I) can be grown at a temperature of 70 degrees C or more and salt concentration of 0.2 wt.% or less, is new.    USE - (II) is useful for producing an enzyme reaction product which involves making (II) react with a substrate, where the enzyme reaction is performed in one side of a molecular weight fraction membrane which does not allow the enzyme to pass through but allows the product to pass through it, thus leaving the enzyme at one side of the membrane and obtaining the product in the other side of the membrane. (III) is useful for screening an archaebacterium similar to (I) which involves selecting a sample which has (III) and strain reactive with (III) (claimed). (I) or (II) is useful in decomposing abandon protein, plastic, etc., thus helps in effective usage of waste or unused resources.    ADVANTAGE - (I) is hyperthermophilic. (M1) easily screens hyperthermophilic bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hyperthermophilic enzyme (II) originating in (I);    (2) screening (M1) for hyperthermophilic microbe, involves cultivating a source of microbes at 70 degrees C or more and at a salt concentration of 0.2 wt.% or less, and selecting the hyperthermophilic microbe; and    (3) an antibody (III) that specifically binds to (I).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic strain analysis by comparing 16SrRNA gene with gene sequence database.
NOVELTY - Methane-fermentation apparatus comprises that a cavitation treatment tank (37) injects a soluble compound ejected from a solubilized tank (4) into a liquid at high pressure, for forming a cavity during conveyance of the treatment substance on a conveyance line (42) to a methane-fermentation tank (43), where the tank (43) ferments methane from the soluble compound.    USE - For fermentation of organic waste such as garbage, sludge and biomass to produce methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to reduce discharge amount of solubilized residue and methane-fermentation sludge and therefore reduces amount of final incineration quantity and increases methane formation amount. The processing speed of the compact methane fermentation apparatus is increased, by using fixed-bed support.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The methane fermentation tank is equipped with a fixed-bed support (44) adhered with microbes. A solid-liquid separator is arranged between the solubilized tank and the cavitation treatment tank, for separating solid and liquid portion in the soluble component. The solubilized liquid (7) is supplied into the cavitation treatment tank and the solid content is treated in a grinding unit. A portion of the cavitation treated substance is returned to the solubilized tank through a return conveyance line.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the methane fermentation apparatus.    solubilized tank (4)    solubilized liquid (7)    cavitation treatment tank (37)    conveyance line (42)    methane fermentation tank (43)    fixed-bed support (44)
NOVELTY - The water absorption materials (16) are arranged on the surface of the separators (12,13) opposing the membrane electrode (11).    USE - Fuel cell system used in vehicle, vessel, portable electric power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to control the moisture content inside the membrane electrode even after shut down of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non- English language text).    cell (1)    membrane electrode (11)    separators (12,13)    routes (14,15)    water absorption material (16)    electrolyte film (111)    catalyst layers (112,113)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen station system comprises hydrogen supply system (A), hydrogen stand system (B), storage system (C) of aromatic compound and system (D) which conveys hydrogen to system (B) from system (A). The system (A) removes hydrogen using the dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply component comprising mixture of decalin and 1-methyl decalin. The system (C) stores aromatic compound generated by (A).    USE - For supplying hydrogen as power source to remote places or constant ground facilities, such as works, convenience stores, hospitals and houses, and for hydrogen fueled cars.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen station system economically and stably provides hydrogen, and suppresses the pollution of the environment leading to global warning, forest death and respiratory diseases. The system is eco-friendly carbon dioxide production is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen station system contains a hydrogen supply system (A), hydrogen stand system (B), storage system (C) of aromatic compound, and system (D) which conveys hydrogen to system (B) from system (A). The system (A) removes hydrogen using the dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply component comprising mixture of decalin and 1-methyl decalin. The system (B) supplies removed hydrogen to user, and system (C) stores the separated and recovered aromatic compound comprising mixture of naphthalene and 1-methyl naphthalene generated by system (A).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the structure of hydrogen station system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply component contains trans-cis-1-methyl decalin, trans-trans-1-methyl decalin, cis-cis-1-methyl decalin and/or cis-trans-1-methyl decalin, given by preset formula. The hydrogen supply component is converted into an aromatic compound which functions has a hydrogen storage component, by dehydrogenation.    USE - For hydrogen supply medium (claimed) for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage component provides hydrogen storage supply medium which in turn provides fuel cell system having reduced toxicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply component contains trans-cis-1-methyl decalin of formula (1), trans-trans-1-methyl decalin of formula (2), cis-cis-1-methyl decalin of formula (3) and/or cis-trans-1-methyl decalin of formula (4). The hydrogen supply component is converted into an aromatic compound which functions has a hydrogen storage component, by dehydrogenation.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen storage supply medium (1) which uses the hydrogen supply component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of hydrogen storage supply medium. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage supply medium (1)    raw material storage unit (2)    raw material supply unit (3)    reactor (4)    catalyst (41)    heater (43)
NOVELTY - Water vapor is supplied to reformation catalyst (11) and CO transformation catalyst (12) and combustible gas is purged. Air is supplied to the oxidation catalyst (13) from air supply unit (16) and combustible gas within oxidation catalyst is purged.    USE - For stopping hydrogen generator which reforms original fuel of hydrocarbon group and outputs hydrogen rich reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - Combustible gas can be purged efficiently into the hydrogen generator and hydrogen rich reformed gas is obtained efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air charging line (16) is connected to the flow path of reformation catalyst (11), carbon monoxide (CO) transformation catalyst (12) and CO oxidation catalyst (13). Water vapor is supplied to reformation catalyst and CO transformation catalyst and combustible gas is purged. Air is supplied to the oxidation catalyst from air charging line and combustible gas within oxidation catalyst is purged. The CO transformation catalyst consists of metal oxide supported with noble metals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows stopping method of hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (10)    reformation catalyst (11)    CO transformation catalyst (12)    CO oxidation catalyst (13)    air charging line (16)
NOVELTY - A catalyst layer (3) is laminated on a coolant layer (4). A pair of flow paths (8,9) are arranged in the coolant layer, contacting the catalyst layer for circulating the coolant. The amount of coolant circulating through the flow paths is controlled by an distribution regulator (6) based on the operating condition.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide from hydrogen rich gas supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to control transmission of heat from the catalyst layer to the coolant layer, by regulating flow of coolant through the flow paths. Prevents overcooling of the catalyst layer during starting of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus and thereby shortens starting of the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst layer (3)    coolant layer (4)    distribution regulator (6)    flow paths (8,9)    thermostat (13)
NOVELTY - The water vapor modified catalyst is formed by using a support containing ruthenium, and metal(s) of IB group and/or metal of IIB group of periodic table.    USE - For water vapor modification method and fuel cell system (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The water vapor modified catalyst has excellent sulfur poisoning resistance, and enables to produce hydrogen having high industrial utility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water vapor modification method; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the results when sulfur is passed to the active metal, and the time depended deterioration of reaction using catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The water vapor modifying catalyst is obtained by supporting ruthenium and group VIII metal(s) other than ruthenium, on a support.    USE - For modifying water vapor of sulfur-containing hydrocarbon compound, which is used for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cell system (all claimed) such as solid oxide type fuel cell, phosphoric acid form fuel cell and solid polymeric type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The water vapor modifying catalyst has excellent sulfur poisoning resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water vapor modification method;    (2) manufacture of hydrogen; and    (3) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows time dependent deterioration of sulfur content using water vapor modifying catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The catalyst is formed by making powder comprising 2 or more types of elements containing copper and/or zinc, to support noble metals.    USE - For dimethyl ether modification and for producing hydrogen-containing gas used as fuel for solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has improved dimethyl ether modification property and enables to efficiently manufacture synthesis gas containing hydrogen with reduced impurities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The noble metals are chosen from platinum, rubidium, palladium, rhodium and/or iridium.
NOVELTY - The heating gas mixed with water vapor is guided to methanation reactor (6) which produces hot methane rich gas. The methane rich gas is supplied to anode of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) through internal modifier (9) and exhaust gas is supplied to catalyst oxidation device (10), for oxidizing unreacted fuel. The exit gas of oxidation device is supplied to cathode of fuel cell, for generating electric power.    USE - For generating electrical power by using pyrolysis gasified gas of garbage as fuel for internal reformation type molten carbonate fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - Since it is necessary to use fuel cell cathode exhaust gas for preheating of heating gas, the cathode exhaust gas temperature is higher, hence the efficiency of electric power generation is higher.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methanation reactor (6)    internal modifier (9)    catalyst oxidation device (10)    molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC)
NOVELTY - A modification pipe (13) is arranged in a flow path (12) formed between the flue (11) and an inner cylinder (9a) of a vacuum-insulation container (9). A guidance tube (21) is arranged in the flue, forming a gap between the flue and the guidance tube. The gap is formed such that the combustion gas (28) generated within a combustor (10), is guided to the upper end side of the flow path.    USE - For use in fuel cells used in domestic fuel-cell cogeneration system and fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the combustion gas is guided to the upper end of the flow path, the radiation heat transfer is performed efficiently from the flue to the modification pipe. The surface area of the modification pipe is reduced, reducing the size of the pipe. Since the pipe is not exposed to high temperature, the stainless steel is utilized for making the pipe and therefore cost of the reformer is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modification pipe (13) is arranged in a flow path (12) formed between the flue (11) and an inner cylinder (9a) of a vacuum-insulation container (9). A guidance tube (21) is arranged in the flue, forming a gap between the flue and the guidance tube. The gap is formed such that the combustion gas (28) generated within a combustor (10), is guided to the upper end side of the flow path. A spiral board (22) is arranged in the flow path so that the flow of combustion gas is reversed in the upper end of the flue. The gas flows downwardly crossing the modification pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vacuum-insulation container (9)    inner cylinder (9a)    combustor (10)    flue (11)    modification pipe (13)    guidance tube (21)    spiral board (22)    combustion gas (28)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a carrier, and palladium and nickel supported on carrier comprising silica, titania, graphitized carbon fiber or carbon nanofiber.    USE - For hydrogen manufacture (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high durability, while decomposing hydrocarbon, such as methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of catalyst, which involves using silica, titania, graphitized carbon fiber or carbon nanofiber as carrier, immersing carrier to the solution of nickel compound and palladium compound, and drying immersed carrier; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen, which involves decomposing a hydrocarbon in the presence of catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows variation of methane conversion ratio of palladium-nickel/silica catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a metal chosen from VIII group and IB group, on a solid superstrong-acid support.    USE - For water vapor modification method used in manufacture of hydrogen used as fuel of fuel cell system (all claimed), and steam reforming.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables manufacture of mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, inexpensively using cheap low activity metal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water vapor modification method, which involves manufacturing mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from raw material mixture containing hydrocarbon compound and water vapor, using the catalyst;    (2) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus used for producing hydrogen using mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by carbon monoxide selective-removal process; and    (3) fuel cell system equipped with fuel cell, which uses hydrogen manufactured by using hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    fuel tank (3)    desulfurizer (5)    carbon monoxide selection oxidation-reaction device (11)    solid polymeric-type fuel cell (17)
NOVELTY - Processing organic waste containing biodegradable resin molding comprising adding and pretreating the microorganisms which produce a biodegradable resin-portion solution enzyme, and carrying out anaerobic biodegradation, is new.    USE - The method is useful for processing organic waste containing biodegradable resin molding e.g. as paper diapers, sanitary products, disposable chopsticks, water-draining nets, cups, trays, food containers, lunch boxes, clothes, cushioning materials, films, fishing lines, fishing nets, and seedling pots.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method is very efficient.
NOVELTY - An oil absorbent contains an oil absorption bag (1), where an oil absorber (1b) is filled in a bag (1a), and a lipophilic foamed resin board (2) with numerous pores (2a) is coated on the hydrophobic bag.    USE - For removing oils e.g. fuel oil and light oil, floating on water surfaces such as seas, lakes, marshes, rivers and water purifying plants.    ADVANTAGE - The oil absorbent is strong and has excellent oil absorbing property and improved buoyancy. The absorbent is disposed easily, without generating dioxin. Hence, eco-friendly in nature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective view and sectional view of oil absorbent.    oil absorption bag (1)    bag (1a)    oil absorber (1b)    foamed resin board (2)    pores (2a)
NOVELTY - The method involves judging the advance situation of switching by observing the pressure differential of fluid inlet portion and fluid exit portion of a filling tank (A) (1) under use and a standby filling tank (B) (2). The filling tank contains a filler for chemical reaction, adsorption or absorption, in which a fluid is circulated.    USE - For filling tank.    ADVANTAGE - The switching method is performed efficiently, simply and economically. Installation cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline flowchart of the switching method of filling tank.    Filling tank (A) (1)    Filling tank (B) (2)    Pressure indicators (3-6)    Fluid (7)
NOVELTY - The method involves inserting catalyst mat coil (5) consisting of sequentially wound holding mat (2) and holding layer (4) on peripheral surface of a honeycomb ceramic catalyst (1), into a metal case (3) after compressing the mat on the surface of the catalyst. The mat is adhered at a pressure of more than 0.5Kg/ohm cm2 with respect to the peripheral surface of the catalyst.    USE - For assembling catalyst modifier used as catalytic converter in exhaust gas purification system of vehicle engine, and also used as hydrogen modifier for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst modifier is easily assembled by inserting the catalyst mat coil into the metal case, without generating gap between the mat and the catalyst. The assembly property of the catalyst modifier is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The holding mat containing only inorganic fiber, is needle punched in the alumina fiber mat. The holding layer is a resin film, nonwoven fabric, net, cheese cloth.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the assembling structure of the catalyst modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst (1)    holding mat (2)    metal case (3)    holding layer (4)    catalyst mat coil (5)
NOVELTY - The cell has an electrolyte electrode assembly (12) sandwiched between two separators (14, 16). A serpentine oxygen-containing gas flow field (36) is formed on a surface of one of the separators. A seal unit (50) is provided around the flow field and a filling seal (54) is provided in a clearance (52) between the seal unit and a cathode (30) at a position, where the leakage of an oxygen-containing gas occurs.    USE - Used for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has a simple structure that prevents the leakage of the reactant gas e.g. oxygen-containing gas of the predetermined flow passage and improves the efficiency in cooling the electrode surface. The desired power generation performance is improved effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view depicting main components of a fuel cell.    Electrolyte electrode assembly (12)    Separators (14,16)    Cathode (30)    Oxygen containing gas flow field (36)    Seal unit (50)    Clearance (52)    Filling seal (54)
NOVELTY - This invention discloses a fuel supply device for a fuel battery system, fuel battery stack a fuel supply device, an air supply device and electric energy output device. The said fuel supply device includes a fuel tank filling liquid fuel to high density liquid, powder or colloid, a fuel dilution water tank arranged at a side of the fuel tank and supplying fuel to the fuel pole of the battery stack and mixed with the liquid fuel, a buffer tank connected with the fuel tank and water tank and mixing the high density liquid fuel and water to proper density, a fuel circulation tube connecting the buffer tank to the fuel pole, and a fuel pump pumping fuel to the fuel pole set in the middle of the circulation tube.
NOVELTY - The fermentation method of urban domestic refuse is characterized by that the composite liquid bacterial preparation or composite solid bacterial preparation containing photosynthetic bacteria, acetobacter, microzyme and lactic acid bacteria and refuse are mixed, then undergone the processes of anaerobic fermentation and aerobic souring treatment to shorten fermentation time, prevent the production of malodorous pollutant and reduce the breeding of flies and mosquitoes.
NOVELTY - Production of biological organic fertilizer from chicken manure, is new.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of biological organic fertilizer from using chicken manure comprises:    (a) treating chicken manure for 15-20 minutes at 121-132 degreesC and under a pressure of 12-14 kg/sq.cm;    (b) cooling chicken manure to 50-60 degreesC then making fermentation for 10-20 days in fermentation chamber; and    (c) drying, granulating and packaging according to conventional method.    In the production method of the described deodorized biological organic fertilizer the high-temp. high-pressure decomposed chicken manure can be directly puffed and sprayed out from pressure container, then naturally cooled to 50-60 degreesC and fermented.
NOVELTY - A compostor comprises a stainless steel cylindrical vessel (1) with a ceiling (3), insulated side wall (2) and base (7), which has a vertical rotatable shaft (22) containing fixed and/or moving blades or cutting edges (23 - 28) for reducing the size of waste material, a loading hatch (9), a discharge hatch (8), and an air compressor (12) for maintaining aerobic conditions within the vessel.    USE - For food waste treatment; for decomposing putrescible food and organic wastes (e.g. food, meat, and other high strength wastes, sawdust and wood shavings and pre-shredded paper and cardboard packaging wastes) into a composted waste material product for garden and agricultural use.    ADVANTAGE - Process conditions are controlled via intervention by an operator and via electronic control mechanism, monitor operating conditions including temperature and loading rate, to manage air injection, mechanical agitation and size reduction such that composting proceeds efficiently and at an optimal rate. The apparatus allows the provision of a simple, cost-effective self-contained and automated waste handling and processing system which may be used on site (e.g. accommodation enterprises, fruit and vegetable shops and markets, retirement villages and multi-unit dwellings, supermarkets, restaurants/cafes/cafeterias, government workplaces and hospitals).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The material introduced in the vessel moves from the upper region gravitationally and via agitation through a zone of size reduction to the lower region of the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal section view of organic waste treatment apparatus.    cylindrical vessel (1)    insulated side wall (2)    ceiling (3)    base (7)    discharge hatch (8)    loading hatch (9)    air compressor (12)    bin (19)    mixer bar (21)    vertical rotating shaft (22)    fixed and moving blades (23 - 28)    rotatable mixing bar (29)    drive motor. (30)
NOVELTY - Waste management apparatus comprises a chamber (1) having an top lid (3) closed by a resilient seal to provide an airtight closure, where a series of conduits are placed across the bottom of the chamber with several holes passing through walls (2) of the conduits.    USE - For composting waste materials (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides reduction in unpleasant odor and thus the reduction in the number of pathogens in the waste material undergoing treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Waste management apparatus comprises a chamber (1) having an top lid (3) closed by a resilient seal to provide an airtight closure. A series of conduits are placed across the bottom of the chamber with several holes passing through walls (2) of the conduits. The holes are collectively fed to a single exiting the conduits, which feeds into a pump and through a filter back into a supply conduits the top lid, where aqueous liquids formed during treatment are held at a level lower than that of the supply conduits.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic arrangement of a chamber containing composting material.    chamber (1)    wall (2)    top lid (3)    slump (4)    floor (6)    extraction conduit (12)    return conduit. (16)
NOVELTY - A new composition comprising an isolated bacterial strain that oxidizes ammonia to nitrite and that comprises a nucleotide sequence having 1467, 1494 or 1491 bp.    USE - The composition is useful for alleviating or preventing the accumulation of ammonia in aqueous environment (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an isolated nucleic acid having at least 96% identity with the sequence comprising 1467, 1494 or 1491 bp;    (2) an oligonucleotide probe comprising the nucleotide sequence having 18 bp;    (3) a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) primer comprising a sequence having 20 or 21 bp or having at least 96% identity with it;    (4) alleviating or preventing the accumulation of ammonia in a medium;    (5) a bioremediation process that alleviates or prevents the accumulation of ammonia in a medium;    (6) detecting and determining the quantity of bacteria that oxidize ammonia to nitrite in a medium; and    (7) a DNA chip comprising a solid substrate and a probe including the nucleotide sequence comprising 18 bp configured upon the solid substrate.
NOVELTY - A plant comprising an absorber (105) receives feed gas (10) comprising at least 5 mol% of carbon dioxide at a pressure of 400 psig. The absorber removes acid gas from feed gas by employing physical solvent, and is operated at isothermal or decreasing top-to-bottom thermal gradient.    USE - For removing acid gases from high carbon dioxide content feed gas.    ADVANTAGE - The plant comprising the absorber has high acid gas removal efficiency and reduces overall energy consumption and capital cost. The isothermal or decrease in temperature profile of the absorber temperature improves column hydrodynamic performance and absorption efficiency. The process is a non-corrosive process due to operation at low temperature and lack of water in physical solvent. The solvent circulation rate is less sensitive to increase in the carbon dioxide partial pressure as the carbon dioxide content increases with increase in carbon dioxide concentration in the feed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the plant comprising an absorber used for removing acid gas from feed gas.    Feed gas (10)    Semi-rich solvent (13)    Rich solvent (21)    Absorber (105)    Cooler (108)
NOVELTY - Method of recovering hydrogen comprises heating organic waste in non-oxidation atmosphere at 500-600 degrees C, mixing heat decomposed gas at 900-1000 degrees C with steam thereby recovering hydrogen through refining of modified gas.    USE - For recovering hydrogen from waste e.g. wastage wood, sludge, mown grass, paper making sludge.    ADVANTAGE - The method does not generated CO2.
NOVELTY - Air moving equipment comprises an inlet and an outlet, an air flow path connecting the inlet to the outlet, a contamination source, and a seal-leak detection system (50) positioned within the air flow path downstream of the contamination source and upstream of the outlet.    USE - The air moving equipment is used as a compressor, e.g. a twin screw compressor (21), a Lysholm compressor, or a rotary compressor (claimed). It is useful for providing necessary oxygen or air flow to power-producing equipment or other equipment that functions as a result of the air flow, e.g. engines, motors, and low temperature catalytic reactions e.g. fuel cells. It can also be used for other equipment where the cleanliness of the gas stream is important, e.g. a paint sprayer or tools.    ADVANTAGE - The invention inhibits or eliminates contamination of the air stream by the air moving equipment itself and provides for timely shutdown of the fuel cell system in the event of excess contamination of the air stream.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system comprising air moving equipment, and a fuel cell having an oxidant inlet for receiving air from the air moving equipment outlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic partial view of a seal-leak detection arrangement usable with air handling equipment.    Twin screw compressor (21)    Lubricant (42)    Sensor (45a, 45b)    Seal-leak detection system (50)
NOVELTY - The stack has many fuel cells separated into segments (34,36) having a separator segment (44) disposed between an upstream and downstream segment. The separator segment has a separator channel (46) and is in fluid communication with a common outlet reactant gas passage of the upstream and downstream segments. Each of the passages is disposed in a unidirectional gravity flow direction.    USE - Used as power source in electrical vehicular power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The passages disposed in the unidirectional gravity flow direction enables the fuel stack to be operated at varying stoichiometries between individual segments and provides a higher operating efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method to operate a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional elevation view of a single flow stream through an exemplary two segment fuel cell stack.    Fuel cells (34,36)    Segment inlet header (38)    Segment exit header (42)    Separator segment (44)    Separator channel (46)
NOVELTY - An alkali metal borate is reacted with carbon dioxide and a lower alcohol, in the presence of a porous particulate water-absorbing material to observe water as it forms, and trialkyl borate, alkyl metal bicarbonate and water, are produced.    USE - For production of trialkyl borates for regenerating borohydride material used as fuel in hydrogen generator and in transportation industry.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery of boron values from mixture of alkali metal borate and alkali metal hydroxide, is improved. The porous water absorbing material is added to the reaction mixture to absorb water as its forms resulting in improvement of yield of trialkyl borate. The borohydride is recovered and is cost-effective and environmentally acceptable. Formation of boric acid is minimized, hence the danger of runaway hyperthermia is prevented. The trialkyl borate, preferably trimethyl borate is subsequently converted to borohydride compound which is used as fuel in the transportation industry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An alkali metal borate is reacted with carbon dioxide and a lower alcohol, in the presence of a porous particulate water-absorbing material to observe water as it forms, and trialkyl borate, alkyl metal bicarbonate and water, are produced. The trialkyl borate is of formula: B(OR)3, where R is straight or branched 1-6C alkyl.
NOVELTY - Electric heating plant includes additional metallic electric-heating winding with electric current leads in ceramic insulation envelope. The winding is inside agitator in reactor, and is surrounded by metallic tubular casing with metallic electric current supply tubes and mounting rod. In water-supply tube of reactor metallic Archimedean screw is inserted. Flexible rubber water-supply tube in metallic sheath and metallic draining tank with metallic sealing cover are joined to water pump. Float controlling level of supplied water is inside draining tank. Metallic water-supply tube with cock is branched from the tank and surrounds the reactor from upwards and from downwards. Plant also includes intermediate heat exchanging space and ceramic heat insulation of water envelopes made of metallic sheets with metallic water-supply tube having cock and water-outlet tube embracing hatch of reactor by water jacket of metallic tube. Both tubes are connected respectively to water envelopes and to water jacket by metallic connection water-supply tubes.    USE - For ecologically safe thermochemical processing of secondary wood and vegetable resources, such as sawdust or peat in plants, for producing carbide oil and high-calorie gas.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables the possibility for effective use of heat separated during thermochemical reaction for producing carbide oil and high-calorie gas from sawdust or peat, usage of waste heat of plant for heating, and improved control of quantity of water supplied to reactor.
NOVELTY - A manure tank (2) is connected to lower chamber (33) storing thermal storage material, through holes provided at bottom wall of tank. A device which sucks air and ejects air from lower chamber, with respect to manure held in the tank, has a heating unit or deodorization unit (36), so that heated air is supplied into the tank, from lower chamber, and deodorized exhaust gas is discharged from tank, respectively.    USE - The apparatus is useful for manufacturing manure from agricultural waste, waste obtained from livestock farms, and organic waste, in farmhouse.    ADVANTAGE - Enables circulating air into the manure, from the upper and lower sides of the tank, by use of the device which performs air suction/ejection. Enables controlling the temperature in the manure tank, by supplying warm air from the lower chamber which stores the heat produced due to fermentation of manure, to the tank. Enables supplying hot air to the tank, by passing air through the heating unit. Enables deodorizing exhaust air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating unit and deodorization unit is provided in the pipeline connecting the lower chamber to an upper chamber (34) arranged at the upper side of the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of manure manufacturing apparatus.    Manure tank (2)    Manure (3)    Lower and upper chambers (33,34)    Heating unit or deodorization unit (36)
NOVELTY - Evaluating hen-droppings manure comprising evaluating the amount of available-form nitrogen in hen-droppings manure, measuring the amount of uric-acid nitrogen in the hen-droppings manure, and converting the measured value of uric-acid nitrogen into amount of available-form nitrogen using correlation-type method for calculation, is new.    USE - The manure is useful as fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The hen-droppings manure has excellent fertilizing effect and high nitrogen content. The method enables to manufacture the manure from hen-droppings, stably. The amount of available nitrogen is measured by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hen-droppings manure, which involves taking out fresh hen-dropping from the hen house, compositing the droppings, storing the composited droppings manure and suppressing the decomposition of uric acid nitrogen in each process of above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graph of relationship between the amount of available-form nitrogen and the amount of uric acid nitrogen. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Manure compact, having volume density of 0.3-1, obtained by applying adhesive agent such as naturally occurring polymers and/or synthetic macromolecule as main component to fragment containing lingo cellulose material fermented by soil fixing microbes at normal temperature, as main component, compressing or hot-compressing, and shaping, is new.    USE - The compact is useful in slope-face greening of land, road slope, rooftop greening of city building, under glass farming, pot and as plant protection material, for cultivation of vegetables and other plants.    ADVANTAGE - The bark, which is disposed by incineration, waste material generated in lumber works or construction work, agricultural and horticultural waste material and lingo cellulose material, are effectively utilized for preparing the manure compact. The manure sheet produced weed preventing effect and fertilizer effect simultaneously. The germination rate of vegetables was practically equal, since the nutrient component, which promoted growth of vegetables is released gradually from the manure. The sheet is light-weighted and adapted to corrugations of ground. The sheet is easy to construct, not drained by wind or rain, and not blown away. Waste materials are effectively utilized and environmental resource preservation is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the manure compost.
NOVELTY - A dehydration unit is arranged in a loading platform (12) of a dehydration truck (11) for dehydrating organic sludge to produce dehydrated cake. A conveyor (17a) protrudes to the exterior of the truck for conveying dehydrated cake to a hopper (47). The dehydrated cake is supplied into a biodegradation unit in a compost vehicle (40). The rotatable hopper is arranged movably in the rear side of the vehicle (40).    USE - The system is useful for the treatment of sludge to produce compost.    ADVANTAGE - Enables hygienic delivery of the dehydrated cake to the compost vehicle, using the conveyor and the hopper. Enables efficient composting of the sludge in required place. The dislocation of the hopper and the conveyor is prevented, due to movable arrangement of the hopper and the conveyor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the movable dehydration vehicle in stop position.    Dehydration truck (11)    Loading platform (12)    Conveyor (17a)    Compost vehicle (40)    Hopper (47)
NOVELTY - A membrane separator for activated sludge treatment comprises flat film modules (7) provided along with hollow-fiber-membrane modules (6) to prevent their mutual contact during aeration.    USE - For activated sludge processing.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to use hollow-fiber-membrane modules with large surface area per unit volume. Prevents twisting of hollow-fiber-membranes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the membrane separation activated sludge processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the membrane separator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    membrane separator (1)    catchment pipe (4)    hollow-fiber-membrane module (6)    flat-film module (7)
NOVELTY - Processing foodstuff waste materials, comprises that they are supplied to a hydrothermal reactor (6) through a higher pressure pump, an odor absorber (11) for removing odor of foodstuff waste materials is also supplied to the hydrothermal reactor and the waste material is oxidized-decomposed by super-critical or sub-critical state of water in the presence of water and an oxidizing agent.    USE - For biological processing of foodstuff waste materials (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively and completely decomposes toxic substances, harmful organic substances and pathogenic microbes in foodstuff in waste material. The method is simple.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for foodstuff waste material processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of organic acid containing drainage liquid processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    food plant (1)    compressor (5)    hydrothermal reactor (6)    cooler (7)    gas-liquid separator (8)    odor absorber (11)
NOVELTY - A gas (G2) is supplied through a nozzle (21), to a combustion room (15) provided in a reaction chamber (12) of a gasifier. The combustible component and the char present in the gas, are burned and the resulting gas flows into the reaction chamber from the combustion room.    USE - For operating gasifier which uses coal and waste materials as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The ejection of the molten slag is monitored reliably and the temperature of the slag is maintained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gasifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction chamber (12)    slag pore (14)    combustion room (15)    monitoring apparatus (18)    nozzle (21)    gas (G2)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation membrane (11) is provided at gas flow-direction downstream side of modification catalyst portion (9). The flow direction of heating gas in portion (9) and hydrogen route (13) are made parallel. The volume of modification catalyst portion is decreased sequentially from inlet (9a) to exit (9b) and the volume of hydrogen route is increased gradually from inlet (13a) to exit (13b).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the frequency of contact of hydrogen in reformed gas and hydrogen separation membrane, thus improves hydrogen yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a disassembled isometric view of the internal component of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion catalyst portion (7)    modification catalyst portion (9)    inlet (9a)    exit (9b)    hydrogen separation membrane (11)    hydrogen route (13)    inlet (13a)    exit (13b)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide oxidation reaction device (41) is provided, to which hydrogen rich gas permeated through hydrogen separation membranes (29,37) of the membrane reactor (23) and shift reaction device (33) is fed through hydrogen route (43).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency of fuel reformer. Usage amount of hydrogen permselective material of hydrogen separation membrane is decreased and cost is lowered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the fuel cell system equipped with fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    membrane reactor (23)    hydrogen separation membranes (29,37)    shift reaction device (33)    carbon monoxide oxidation reaction device (41)
NOVELTY - Soil contaminated by oil components is purified using Novosphingobium bacteria.    USE - For purifying soil contaminated by oil components, such as carboniferous system oil component containing coal tar and coke and petroleum oil containing crude oil and gasoline (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables effective purification of soil contaminated with oil components. The soil purification is performed efficiently under normal temperature and pressure. The method provides an eco-friendly environment. The Novosphingobium genus bacteria has excellent oil component decomposing property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the result of oil component removing ability of soil slurry containing the bacteria. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Condition for promoting purification function of microorganisms used for bioremediation is set. Predetermined pressure suitable for microorganisms is applied to fluid (2), which contains microorganisms or predetermined injection object, and an environment to increase efficiency of bioremediation is set.    USE - For increasing efficiency of bioremediation in the purification of contaminated industrial liquid waste, excavated contaminated soil and/or pumped-up contaminated ground water.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to increase efficiency of bioremediation by utilizing the natural decomposing ability of microorganisms such as bacteria and provides harmless and pollution free environment. The method is highly safe to perform.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for highly safe bioaugmentation method, which involves maintaining conditions, which loose reproduction potency with the metabolic activity of microorganisms for bioaugmentation, applying predetermined pressure suitable for microorganisms to the fluid containing microorganisms, setting an environment and injecting.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the contaminated stratum, on which the method is implemented. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    contaminated stratum (1)    fluid (2)    pressurizing well (3)    collecting well (4)    injection tip (5)    contaminant (6)    methane utilizing bacteria (21)    contaminated ground water (22)    depressed underground water level (22b)    injected hole (30)    rod (31)    extraction hole (40)
NOVELTY - The flammables (P) are fluidized in a pressurization fluidized bed furnace (2) by supplying gas for combustion. The flow amount of gas for combustion is set constant regardless of the variation in calorific capacity of the combustion chamber. The pressure of a drive gas (G) supplied to a gas turbine (14), is maintained constant, before pyrolysis of the flammables.    USE - For recovering energy from combustion of flammables in heat treatment furnace e.g. pressurization fluidized bed furnace for waste materials such as waste liquid, sewage sludge, household and office trash.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain high turbine efficiency, irrespective of the variation in the calorific capacity of the flammables. Enables efficient energy recovery from the flammables.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the energy-recovery installation which has gas turbine driven by the drive gas generated in the pressurization fluid bed furnace.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the recovery installation.    fluidized bed furnace (2)    gas turbine (14)    compressor (17)    drive gas (G)    flammables (P)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen permeable amorphous film material (2) is integrated in the junction portion of metal frame (3), to form the film unit (1). The metal frame (3) contains metal chosen from nickel, copper, aluminum or their alloys.    USE - Hydrogen permeable film unit for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The metal frame for reinforcement is joined and integrated without impairing the strength of amorphous metal film material. The hydrogen permeable film unit has high strength and sealing property even under high pressure differences.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen permeable film unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of the hydrogen permeable film unit.    hydrogen permeable film unit (1)    amorphous metal film material (2)    metal frame (3)
NOVELTY - The monolithic-type fuel-modified catalyst is formed by laminating a sheet of cloth consisting of fiber made from ceramic and/or metal, and/or non-woven fabric, holding modified-catalyst component. The catalyst has macropore which penetrate heating gas. The average number of holes per inch of through-hole per 1 inch length is 20-120. The catalyst reforms hydrocarbon group fuel and produces hydrogen rich gas.    USE - For producing hydrogen rich gas from fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The monolithic-type fuel-modified catalyst has high fuel conversion ratio, selectivity and space-velocity. The catalyst restrains production of by-products, such as carbon monoxide. The modified catalyst system used in fuel cell electric vehicle produces weight of vehicle component and size of power generating unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of monolithic-type fuel modified catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modified catalyst system at the time of mounting monolithic-type catalyst on the electric vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Degradation of azo dye and phthalocyanine type dye involves contacting a target object containing azo dye and phthalocyanine type dye with an enzyme produced from basidiomycetes belonging to Agaricus, Armillariella-mellea, Lentinus-lepideus and Pleurotus.    USE - For degrading azo dye and phthalocyanine type dye in wastewater produced from sludge, activated carbon process, condensation method, processed waste material, foodstuffs, dyed cloth, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method prevents secondary pollution problem by sludge disposal and eliminates coloring by dye. The method is efficient in degrading azo dye and phthalocyanine dye.
NOVELTY - A combustion catalyst layer (5a) is filled into a cylindrical space (5), such that an air permeable hollow cylinder (3) is formed along its outer circumference, and an air permeable hollow cylinder (4) with smaller diameter is provided between thermoelectric element discs (2). A fuel gas inlet hole (7) is formed by drilling inside the hollow cylinder (4) provided at center of the space.    USE - Portable generator used as electric power unit for mobile telephone, note book computer.    ADVANTAGE - Since heating gas is supplied from small cylinder and oxygen is supplied by diffusion from air, size of generator is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of portable generator.    portable generator (1)    thermoelectric element discs (2)    air permeable hollow cylinders (3,4)    cylindrical space (5)    combustion catalyst layer (5a)    fuel gas inlet hole (7)
NOVELTY - A die material chosen from quaternary ammonium salts and sulfuric-ester alkali metal salt, is added during the hydrothermal synthesis of ceria-zirconia complex oxide using cerium metallic salt and zirconium metallic salt as raw materials, to obtain a cubic structure mesoporous ceria-zirconia complex oxide.    USE - For manufacturing cubic structure mesoporous ceria-zirconia complex oxide for exhaust-gas purification catalyst (claimed) used in internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method provides cubic structure mesoporous ceria-zirconia complex oxide having high specific surface area and metal dispersion degree.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A die material chosen from quaternary ammonium salts and sulfuric-ester alkali metal salt, is added during the hydrothermal synthesis of ceria-zirconia complex oxide using cerium metallic salt and zirconium metallic salt as raw materials, to obtain a cubic structure mesoporous ceria-zirconia complex oxide. The die material is a quaternary ammonium salt of formula R1R2R3R4N+X- or R6R7R8R9N+X-. The sulfuric-ester alkali metal salt is of formula R5OSO3-M+.    R1, R6 = 6-20C alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, or alkoxy alkyl;    R2-R4, R8, R9 = 1-8C alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, or alkoxy alkyl;    R5 = 1-20C alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, alkoxy alkyl, polyoxyalkylene, or polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether;    R7 = 2-8C alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, alkylaryl, arylalkyl, or alkoxy alkyl;    X- = negative ion; and    M+ = alkali-metal ion.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for exhaust-gas purification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph of the pore distribution of cubic structure mesoporous ceria-zirconia complex oxide. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - General waste classified by a sorter (a) is burnt in a combustion furnace and the waste heat is utilized for an electric power generator (d) and vegetable cultivation. The waste plastic from industrial waste is classified by a sorter (w) and ground by a grinder (e). The ground waste is preheated with waste oil in a dissolution tank and processed to produce gasoline (10) and kerosene (11).    USE - Used for centralized processing of general waste, industrial waste and medical waste.    ADVANTAGE - Classification and processing of the waste are performed reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electric power is generated using waste gas, waste oil and produced oil. The waste heat is used for plant cultivation. The organic waste in the general waste and industrial waste is processed to obtain compost (14), fodder (15) and a reagent (16). Heavy metals in industrial waste comprising e.g. medical waste is processed by a melting furnace (s) to produce chemical goods, charcoal and metals. The deodorant and ion water are produced using a fermenter and ion tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the centralized waste material processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion garbage (4)    waste plastic (5)    waste oil (9)    gasoline (10)    kerosene (11)    compost (14)    fodder (15)    reagent (16)    sorter (a,w)    electric power generating apparatus (d,j)    grinder (e)    oil formation apparatus (f)    fermenter (u)    ion tank (v)
NOVELTY - The method involves reacting water molecule permeated through a container (11) made of transparent material having water vapor permeable property, with hydride (8) stored in the container, so as to generate hydrogen. The pressure of water at contact area of the water and the container, is adjusted to control permeation of water molecule.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used for small sized fuel cell used in mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The permeation amount of the water molecule is easily controlled, hence hydrogen generation is efficiently controlled. The hydrogen generation process is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reaction between the water molecule and the hydride, is controlled by controlling the permeation amount of water molecule.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    hydrogen generator (1)    housing (2)    hydride (8)    container (11)    water (W)
NOVELTY - A waste material processing/treating equipment having treatment tank (2) containing proliferated fermenting microbes/microbial bed (4), stirrer (7) provided in the treatment tank and number of heat sources/warm air furnace for changing the temperature of treatment tank, is new.    USE - For processing/treating waste material consisting of polymeric material.    ADVANTAGE - The equipment enables easy and rapid decomposition of waste material consisting of polymeric material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional drawing of waste processing/treating equipment. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Treatment tank (2)    Microbial bed (4)    Stirrer (7)    Stirring shaft (8)    Port portion (30, 31, 32).
NOVELTY - A styrene resin foam, is obtained by extrusion foaming of the styrene resin after adding 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon as foaming agent.    USE - For use as heat insulating material for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The resin foam has excellent flame retardant and thermal insulation properties. The foam is favorably compactable with environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of styrene resin foam.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell and/or reformer component comprises gas impermeable and permeable part(s) of magnesium oxide-magnesium aluminum oxide.    USE - The invention is used in solid oxide fuel cells and/or reformers.    ADVANTAGE - The invention prevents risk of fuel and oxidant mixing in an uncontrolled and dangerous manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming a gas impermeable fuel cell and/or reformer component comprising converting MgO and aluminum oxide into MgO-MgAl2O4.
NOVELTY - A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) has an input fuel of ammonia, where ammonia is broken down to produce hydrogen, which is used in the electrolyte to generate electrical power output.    USE - For a car (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Ammonia may be directly input into the SOFC without any pretreatment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic drawing of a fuel cell structure, showing the catalyst in the electrolyte tube.
NOVELTY - Electrical voltage is applied between ends of a channel containing a liquid and carboxylic acid molecules (I,II) having carbon atom alpha to carboxylic acid group are supplied to channel. Electrical voltage makes carboxylic acid molecules to react, carboxylic acid groups are lost, and product molecule is formed in which alpha carbons are bonded. The reaction takes place in liquid in the channel and spaced from electrodes.    USE - For reacting carboxylic acids during the chemical synthesis of large number of products.    ADVANTAGE - The method can be performed in micro reactors having several channels which are interconnected in any desired configuration. The carboxylic acid reactions can be combined with other reactions in the same micro reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Electrical voltage is applied between opposite ends of a channel containing a liquid using electrodes and carboxylic acid molecules (I,II) having carbon atom alpha to carboxylic acid group are supplied to the channel. The electrical voltage makes the carboxylic acid molecules to react with the loss of carboxylic acid groups. A product molecule is formed in which alpha carbons are bonded. The reaction takes place in the liquid in the channel and spaced from the electrodes. Carboxylic acids are thus reacted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic plan view of assembled micro reactor.    micro reactor (11)    reservoirs (A-C)
NOVELTY - Electronically conducting reforming catalyst contains particles of a water-adsorbing electronically conducting substrate material and particles of a catalyst material arranged on the substrate material.    USE - For a fuel cell, preferably a molten carbonate fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst can be easily produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Process for the production of an electronically conducting reforming catalyst comprising producing a slip or paste made from the substrate material supporting the catalyst material, molding into a layer and sintering; and    (2) Fuel cell containing the reforming catalyst.
NOVELTY - Composting system for household bio-waste comprises boxes with lids (21a - 21e) which are connected to corresponding doors (20a - 20e) to form modules. These have rollers (36), allowing them to slide sideways on rails to provide access to the interior of the boxes.    USE - Composting system for household bio-waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the composting system.    Doors (20a - 20e)    Lids (21a - 21e)    Rollers (36)
NOVELTY - Antibacterial composition (A), comprises 5-acyl substituted salicylamide derivative (I).    USE - (I) is useful to reduce or inhibit bacterial growth (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (A) is environmentally safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Antibacterial composition comprises 5-acyl substituted salicylamide derivative of formula (I).    m = 0-3 (preferably 0);    t = 0-1 (preferably 0);    a, b, g = 0-1 (preferably 0)    R1 = H, 1-16C alkyl, 2-16C alkenyl, 2-16C alkynyl, 3-16C cycloalkyl, 3-16C cycloalkenyl, 7-16C alkaryl, 7-16C aralkyl or 6-16C aryl, 5-20C heteroaryl units having N, O or S, a suitable charge balancing counterion (Mn+)1/n, R1 for the radical may be CN or NO2 when b=0;    X, X' = O, S or NR2;    R2 = H, 1-16C alkyl, 2-16C alkenyl, 2-16C alkynyl, 3-16C cycloalkyl, 3-16C cycloalkenyl, 7-16C alkaryl, 7-16C aralkyl, 6-16C aryl and 5-20C heteroaryl units having N, O or S;    T = CO, CS, SO or SO2;    G = H, a suitable charge balancing counterion (Mn+)1/n, or a cleaveable group Si((O)pR3)3, (p is 0 or 1, C(O)q((O)pR3)r, where p is 0 or 1 and when q is 1, r is 1, and when q is 0, r is 3) (preferably H); and    R3 = optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, alkaryl, aralkyl or aryl.    Provided that when, for any radical, b is 0, a and g are 0.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a liquid detergent comprising (I); and    (2) (I) are useful to reduce or inhibit bacterial growth comprises the step of contacting a substrate comprising a textile with the detergent.
NOVELTY - The generator (100) has channels for feeding gaseous reactants, for discharging products, and feeding and discharging a cooling fluid. A set of modules (101) each delimited by a couple of conductive terminal plates (102) that enclose reaction cells (103) connected to each other in series and assembled according to a filter-press configuration. Each module represents a mechanically autonomous generating unit.    USE - Used for converting chemical energy into electrical energy in a fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - The modules of the generator allow to plan the assembling with due advance and with continuity in the space of the year without waiting for orders from customers. The modules can be prepared independently of the receipt of an order from a customer, and can be assembled together to obtain the generator only when required.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a membrane electromechanical generator.    Membrane electrochemical generator (100)    Modules (101)    Conductive terminal plates (102)    Reaction cells (103)    Metal cage (104)
NOVELTY - A sludge is digested by providing enzyme mixture(s) capable of digesting natural polymeric materials; adding the enzyme mixture to an aqueous sludge suspension; and optionally adding specie(s) of fermenting bacteria to the suspension to ferment the resulting suspension.    USE - For digestion of sludge in water purification (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method provides an efficient way of reducing the sludge quantities from wastewater treatment plants. The treated municipal sewage sludge contains considerable levels of solids, being fast and slow hydrolysable, that can be further degraded to reduce the waste volume, and thus reduce disposal costs and produce additional energy (methane).
NOVELTY - The reformer has a device that transports fuel from a high pressure line to a reaction chamber and a chamber(s) into which a fuel line with an initial pressure section opens to deliver fuel at the main fuel line pressure and an output line with a final pressure section. A dosing device with piston between the sections has a non-return output valve with a defined minimum opening pressure greater than the maximum initial pressure in the fuel line.    USE - For a fuel cell system, for use in a motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Improved to enable a direct connection to a high pressure fuel line system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device has a fuel feed device that transports fuel from a high pressure line to a reaction chamber and has at least one chamber (20,22) into which a fuel line with an initial pressure section (26) opens to deliver fuel at the main fuel line pressure and out of which a line with a final pressure section (28) exits. A dosing device (10) with piston (18) arranged between the sections has a non-return output valve (32) with a defined minimum opening pressure greater than the maximum initial pressure in the fuel line. AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (a) a fuel feed device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a dosing device    chamber (20,22)    initial pressure section (26)    final pressure section (28)    dosing device (10)    piston (18)    non-return output valve (32)
NOVELTY - An adsorbent for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuel, which comprises cerium oxide and, optionally, at least one oxide selected from aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and magnesium oxide, is new.    USE - The adsorbent is for use for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuels and for producing hydrogen for use for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent can efficiently remove various sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuels even at room temperature with a low concentrations of sulfur compounds. The process efficiently produce hydrogen which is suitable for fuel cells.
NOVELTY - Methane-containing natural gas is treated by converting methane to methanol at or near a site of natural gas production; transporting methanol to a refinery remote from site of production; and converting methanol to gasoline boiling range fuel product, and petrochemical(s) from ethylene, propylene, butenes, or xylenes. The refinery produces ethylene and propylene, and comprises an alkylation unit.    USE - For treating methane-containing natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The invention reduces the required capital for a major gas to liquid project as much as 50%. It allows co-production of large amounts of petrochemicals using only incrementally increased capital.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Methane-containing natural gas is treated by converting methane to methanol at or near a site (10) of natural gas production; transporting methanol to a refinery (70) remote from site of production; and converting methanol to gasoline boiling range fuel product, and petrochemical(s) from ethylene, propylene, butenes, or xylenes. The refinery produces ethylene and propylene, and comprises an alkylation unit (60).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts the conversion of natural gas to higher value products.    Production site (10)    Methanol conversion site (20)    Refinery complex (40)    Alkylation unit (60)    Refinery (70)
NOVELTY - A methanation catalyst layer whose length is 10-70% of the substrate length is partially deposited on carbon monoxide oxidation catalyst layer from the outlet end.    USE - Articles for removal of carbon monoxide from hydrogen gas stream.    ADVANTAGE - Needs only one provision for injection of oxygen. Carbon monoxide generated by reverse water gas shift reaction is consumed through methanation reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIMS is also included for the following:    (1) carbon monoxide removal process;    (2) apparatus for supplying hydrogen stream to fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of foam type substrate.    catalyst layer (11B)    cell (16B)    wall (18B)    foam (19)
NOVELTY - An additive for improving tree bark compost into disease-suppressive culture medium is disclosed including a acid-alkali modulation which could change the acid-alkali value of the medium, a substance providing the necessary elements of crop growth, a source of microorganism nutrition, and a natural discard matter which could be decomposed. Mixing all these ingredients into the medium for using. The medium has the effect for protracting or suppressing crop diseases.
NOVELTY - The anaerobic decomposition of an organic material can generate hydrogen. The combustion of hydrogen will not generate a green house effect gas. Therefore, hydrogen can be used as an important future energy. Clostridium is an important bacterium for generation of hydrogen in waste water sludge and mainly exists in a spore state.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anaerobic decomposition of an organic material can generate hydrogen. The combustion of hydrogen will not generate a green house effect gas. Therefore, hydrogen can be used as an important future energy. Clostridium is an important bacterium for generation of hydrogen in waste water sludge and mainly exists in a spore state. Heating can inhibit the propagation of methane formation bacteria in waste water sludge and promote the propagation of hydrogen-generation bacteria. Therefore, heating can promptly obtain hydrogen-generation bacteria having a better activity. Furthermore, the anaerobic decomposition of hydrogen-generation bacteria can be used to produce hydrogen from an organic waste water sludge.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of bio-diesel engine fuel using chicken oil is provided to obtain clear chicken oil having high purity so that the obtained chicken oil is used as diesel engine fuel by collecting chicken oil from slaughtered chicken byproducts and passing the collected chicken oil through three steps of refining processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises first step of refining chicken oil collected from slaughtered chicken byproducts by glass tube specific gravity precipitation; second step of refining the first refined chicken oil using cloth (cotton cloth) bag; and third step of diluting the resulting chicken oil by mixing the chicken oil with kerosene (petroleum) in a ratio of 10:1 after completely removing fine powder and glycerine from the second refined chicken oil using filter paper, wherein the first refining step is performed by putting chicken oil containing moisture and chicken byproduct residue into a transparent glass tube and leaving the chicken oil alone for 24 hrs or more so that chicken oil is separated from the moisture and residue by specific gravity, the second refining step is performed to remove fine powder contained in the first refined chicken oil by filtering the first refined chicken oil using the cloth (cotton cloth) bag and receiving the chicken oil filtered by the cloth bag in a container positioned under the cloth bag so that about 50% of glycerine is removed from the chicken oil, and the third refining step is performed to completely remove glycerine remained in the second refined chicken oil by filtering the second refined chicken oil using filter paper spread out on plastic box positioned above a container for receiving chicken oil refined to a high purity and mixing the chicken oil and kerosene (petroleum)(18) after putting 10 liters of resulting chicken oil and 1 liter of kerosene (petroleum) into a weighing cylinder(19) so that bio-diesel engine fuel(17) is obtained.
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of solid coal using wood is provided to obtain substitution effect of fuel and recycle waste wood by manufacturing a certain shaped solid coal using waste wood so that the solid coal is used as a fuel for stoves, and the solid coal using wood manufactured by the method is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of collecting waste wood disused in house or industrial sites; sorting the collected waste wood so that nails and miscellaneous materials are removed from the collected waste wood; crushing the sorted waste wood to wood chip having a size corresponding to a size level of sawdust using crusher; mixing 95 wt.% of the crushed waste wood chip with 5 wt.% of mixing agent; and molding wood solid coal by putting adhesive mixed wood powder into molding frame of press and pressing the adhesive mixed wood powder at a press pressure of 1 to 2 tons/cm2. In a wood solid coal(10) formed in a circular or polygonal shape, the solid coal using wood is characterized in that the wood solid coal(10) comprises a body(11) on the outer circumferential surface of which a plurality of semi-grooves(12) are formed; concave grooves(13,13') formed on upper and lower surfaces of the body(11) to prevent sealing of the wood solid coal(10) when stacking the wood solidified coal(10); a through hole(14) formed in the central part of the body(11); and a plurality of combustion holes(15) formed on the outer circumferential surface of the through hole(14).
NOVELTY - Organic refuse processing apparatus comprises a flange (21) sealed at the open end of the treatment tank (10) by a sealant, so that during rotation of the tank, the flange is fixed in a non-rotation state, where the organic refuse supplied into the tank through a supply opening at flange side, is decomposed by the microorganisms.    USE - For processing organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The organic refuse is easily injected into the treatment tank. The ejection of microbial bed and organic refuse is prevented, by sealing between the flange and tank open end. The decomposition of organic refuse is efficiently performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A discharge port ejects the liquid produced during decomposition of the refuse, from the tank. A storage tank (42) temporarily stores the liquid ejected from the tank. The storage tank surpasses the tank and flange, by projecting from the flange.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    treatment tank (10)    casing (12)    flange (21)    storage tank (42)
NOVELTY - Organic substance fermentation apparatus, comprises that the bottom (15) of a drum (2), consists of an outer wall (36) and inner wall (37) drilled with holes (39), where the inner end of an air supply path (51), is connected to a center shaft (20) and its outer end is connected to an air flow path (38) between the walls.    USE - For treating organic substance e.g. livestock dung and organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Promotes fermentation process by supplying air from the bottom of drum, using a simple and compact apparatus and air switching unit. Improves rigidity of the walls by joining the inner wall to front end of the center shaft. The posture of the drum is changed simply. Reduces running cost of the apparatus, by enabling anaerobic and aerobic fermentation processes, based on requirement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The drum rockably and rotatably supported by a frame (3), retains organic substance. The inner wall is joined to the front end of center shaft. The air flow path is divided by several partition walls (45) extending radially from center shaft. An exhaust tube (52) which sucks air from the drum is connected to the drum opening. An air switching unit (53) connects the tube to air supply apparatus (50), during anaerobic fermentation of organic substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the drum.    drum (2)    drum frame (3)    bottom of drum (15)    center shaft (20)    outer wall (36)    inner wall (37)    air flow path (38)    holes (39)    partition walls (45)    air supply apparatus (50)    air supply path (51)    exhaust tube (52)    air switching unit (53)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fertilizer involves providing methane-fermentation sludge into methane-fermentation installation (1) as liquid-fertilizer raw material, separating liquid from sludge, dehydrating to obtain dehydration filtrate, contacting filtrate with support (8) containing nitrifying bacteria and increasing the oxygen concentration in liquid-fertilizer raw material to promote nitrification for preparing liquid-fertilizer.    USE - For manufacturing fertilizer from methane-fermentation sludge of organic waste, livestock excrements, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively utilizes methane-fermentation sludge of organic waste as raw material and raises the growth property of cultivated plants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for manufacturing fertilizer using methane-fermentation sludge as raw material, involves providing methane-fermentation sludge generated at methane-fermentation process into methane-fermentation installation as a liquid-fertilizer raw material, separating liquid from sludge by membrane-separation installation (3), dehydrating by dehydration installation (4) to obtain dehydration filtrate, contacting filtrate with support containing nitrifying bacteria in water channel, and increasing the oxygen concentration in a liquid-fertilizer raw material to promote nitrification for preparing liquid-fertilizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow chart of the manufacturing method of fertilizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane-fermentation installation (1)    component adjustment tank (2)    membrane-separation installation (3)    dehydration installation (4)    support (8)
NOVELTY - The connection path between raw water inlet and raw water outlet and the path between raw water inlet and purified water inlet, are selectively open/closed by a switching mechanism.    USE - For tap water, in buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reproduction of bacteria, due to the provision of the switching mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water purifying system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of water purifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    switching mechanism (1)    raw water inlet and outlet (13a,13b)    purified water inlet (13c)
NOVELTY - Organic waste material is shredded using shredding equipment (1) and is made into a slurry. The slurry is subjected to souring process. Methane fermentation process of souring liquid obtained from souring process, is performed, to produce methane gas. 20-85 vol.% of digestive liquor obtained from fermentation process, is returned to souring process.    USE - For processing organic waste obtained from kitchen of foodstuff manufacturing plant, foodstuff distribution industry, and food service industry, to produce methane gas.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need to use industrial water for diluting the souring liquid, as the digestive liquor is returned to the souring process. Enables efficiently recycling organic waste, to methane gas, while preventing failure of growth of microbes, by increase in nitrogen content and phosphorus content in fermentation tank, due to use of industrial water. Enables maintaining high concentration of anaerobic bacteria in the fermentation tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of organic-waste processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    shredding equipment (1)    souring tank (2)    fermentation tank (3)    digestive-liquor tank (4)    sludge dehydrator (5)
NOVELTY - Excretion disposal tank has culture medium which cultivates microbes in wood chips, sawdust, etc., for decomposing excrements, upper opening for supplying the excrements, stirring arms having radially arranged to extend the perpendicular drive shaft is attached to the cylindrical inner wall of the tank, and circulating conveyor for supplying the culture medium after excrement processing to periphery of the tank.    USE - For manufacturing dry organic odorless fertilizer by disposing excrements, such as human wastes, livestock excrements, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The excrements disposal tank effectively disposes the excrements by anaerobic bacteria and produces dry organic odorless fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The excretion disposal tank (1) has a culture medium (12) which cultivates microbes in wood chips, sawdust, etc., for decomposing excrements, an upper opening (6) for supplying the excrements, stirring arms (14) having radially arranged to extend the perpendicular drive shaft (22) is attached to the cylindrical inner wall of the tank, and a circulating conveyor (10) for supplying the culture medium after excrement processing to the bottom part of the tank to upper part and then to the periphery of the tank. The stirring arm stirs the culture medium with the excrements by rotating the circumference of the perpendicular driving shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-sectional side view of excretion disposal tank.    excretion disposal tank (1)    vacuum car (2)    feed pipe (4)    supply hose (4a)    top plate (5)    excretion insertion opening (6)    circulation conveyor (10)    stirring arm (14)    drive device (15)
NOVELTY - Fertilizer is produced from a foodstuffs waste material ejected from an ejection group. The required fertilizer information for nurturing agricultural products is sent to a recycle headquarters using a network. The fertilizer is supplied to a lacking local agency from a surplus local agency, based on the required information stored in a database for every area.    USE - For recycling of foodstuffs waste material to produce soil activator, fodder and fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to estimate the lack and surplus amount of the fertilizer in the local agency through the network, thereby ensuring easy dealing of the excess-and-deficiency situation of the fertilizer. The nurturing cost of the agricultural products is reduced, due to efficient utilization of the resources.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Foodstuffs waste material are treated in a treatment tank by using micro-organisms to produce fertilizer. The required fertilizer information is sent to the recycle headquarters from the farmhouse and local agencies. The agricultural products are circulated to a utilization store and consuming public through a local agency based on the required agricultural-products information. The utilization store is selected from the group consisting of department store, vegetable store, supermarket, restaurant, hotel, foodstuffs works, direct management shop, mail-order house and Internet store. The recycled products are distributed for loan, debt payment or claim payment, through Internet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of recycling procedure of the foodstuffs waste material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An injection feeder (130) allows air flow conveyance of biomass (1) into a gasifier (50) by using carrier gas (2) which contains water vapor as main component. The acceptance direction and sending-out direction of carrier gas in injection feeder are in a straight line. The acceptance direction of granular material is at 15-75 degrees, with respect to acceptance direction of carrier gas.    USE - For supplying granular-material, such as biomass, to gasifier or combustion furnace during manufacture of liquid fuel, such as methanol. Also applicable to coal and waste plastics.    ADVANTAGE - The novel device enables supply of granular material to furnace efficiently and stably, without using an inert gas. Thus, the reaction efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gasifier is supplied with gasifying agent containing water vapor and oxygen, which reacted with biomass to obtain biomass gas. The carrier gas is combustion gas ejected at the time of using the gasifying agent and biomass gas in liquid fuel manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above granular-material supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    biomass (1)    biomass gas (2)    gasifier (50)    granular-material supply apparatus (100)    hopper (110)    cut-off screw feeder (120)    injection feeder (130)
NOVELTY - A processing container (10) containing a microbe cultivation base material, has an opening/closing lid (2). A transmission gearwheel (25) and a stirring gearwheel (15) are fixed at the edge of the stirring shaft (11) of the processing container which is removably accommodated in an exterior case (1). The gearwheel (25) transmits power from electric motor (21) to the exterior case.    USE - For processing organic refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to replace the microbe cultivation base material easily within short period of time. Since an extraction opening of microbe cultivation base material is not provided in the processing container, the manufacturing process is simplified and manufacturing cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring blades are rotatably provided by bearings on both side surfaces of the stirring shaft. One end of the stirring shaft protrudes to the outer side of the processing container. The stirring gearwheel is covered by a cover (16) which has a notch in its bottom end. A guide rib is provided at the side faces of the processing container, which is engaged with guide element of the exterior case. The processing container has bottom leg so that it is mountable on a floor surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    exterior case (1)    opening/closing lid (2)    elastic structure (2a)    processing container (10)    stirring shaft (11)    stirring gearwheel (15)    cover (16)    electric motor (21)    intermediate gears (22,23)    counter shaft (24)    transmission gearwheel (25)
NOVELTY - The mix ratio (15) of main stream hot gas passing through the dehumidifier system (10) and bypass flow hot gas passing through the bypass path (18), is adjusted. A control valve (20) performs variable control of the hot gas (13) supplied to fuel cell to the dew point value.    USE - For supplying hot gas to fuel cell of fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains the property of dehumidification tower.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell electric power generation system; and    (2) hot-gas supply method of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel system of fuel cell systematically. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    dehumidifier system (10)    hot gas (13)    mix ratio (15)    bypass path (18)    control valve (20)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst in a cylindrical container has a primary and secondary modification catalysts. The secondary modification catalyst is a heat absorption-type catalyst which performs modification of gas produced by modifying source gas having hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol, in primary catalyst.    USE - Generating hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain the CO conversion catalyst at preset temperature, by reducing the temperature of gas using secondary modification catalyst. The need for forced cooling device is eliminated, by which the weight and size of the hydrogen generator are reduced. The hydrogen generator is mounted easily into the fuel cell. The primary and secondary catalysts enable efficient production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The container accommodates the modification catalyst for modifying source gas into a gas mixture containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO) conversion catalyst for converting gas mixture and carbon monoxide removal catalyst for reducing CO concentration, in order. The primary modification catalyst performs partial oxidation reaction or combined modification reaction.
NOVELTY - Decomposition of high chlorination aromatic organochlorine compound (AOC) comprises that integrated material (I) obtained by reacting soil and solution (I) having a high chlorination AOC and multiple types of organic acid, is reacted with a solution (II) having a AOC compound and one type of organic acid, to obtain integrated material (II).    USE - For decomposing highly chlorinated aromatic organochlorine compound such as polychlorobiphenyl and hexachloro benzene.    ADVANTAGE - The decomposition of highly chlorinated aromatic organochlorine compound is performed effectively and economically. The decomposition microbe which decomposes highly chlorinated aromatic organochlorine compound, is isolated efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An integrated material (I) obtained by reacting soil in reduction state and solution (I), is reacted with a solution (II), to obtain integrated material (II). The solution (I) contains high chlorination aromatic organochlorine compound (AOC) as an only terminal electron acceptor, and multiple types of organic acid as an electron donor. The solution (II) contains AOC compound as only terminal electron acceptor, and one type of organic acid as an electron donor. The integrated material (II) is reacted in a system having AOC compound, at 30-50degreesC in anaerobic condition, to decompose high chlorination aromatic organochlorine compound.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) aggregation of decomposition microbe; and    (2) isolation of decomposition microbe.
NOVELTY - The apparatus consists of multiple stage fuel-cell region (1) that performs electrochemical reaction of air and fuel, independently supplied through air supply and fuel supply units. The apparatus also includes a fuel ejection system that collects the fuel ejected from each fuel-cell region.    USE - Fuel-cell power generation equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The driving of fuel cell power generation equipment is cut by varying the load at the downstream side of the power generation unit, without the influence of the exhaust fuel from the up-stream side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) turbine power generation equipment;    (2) gas engine power generation equipment; and    (3) composite power generation equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the composite power generation equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel-cell region (1)    compressor (2)    combustor (3)    turbine (4)    fuel-cell electric-power generation unit (7)
NOVELTY - The manifold structure has a number of inner tubes (30) attached to separators (40) provided at either sides of a fuel cell stack (20). The inner tubes are connected to each of fuel-supply route (25), fuel ejection route (26), oxidizing agent ejection route (28) and oxidizing agent supply route (27) formed at end plates (22A,22B).    USE - Manifold structure for fuel cell (claimed) such as polymer electrolyte type..    ADVANTAGE - Enables to effectively eject products generated from fuel electrode and oxidizing agent electrode of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (10)    fuel cell stack (20)    fuel supply route (25)    fuel emission route (26)    oxidizing agent supply route (27)    oxidizing agent emission route (28)    inner tube (30)    separator (40)    unit fuel cell (50)
NOVELTY - The system controls purge valve (23) in order to remove the moisture content of hydrogen off-gas in hydrogen off-gas circulation flow path (20) connecting dehumidifier (21) and a hydrogen pump (22), when air is transferred to dehumidifier.    USE - Fuel cell system for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the fuel consumption as the moisture content of hydrogen off-gas is removed without discharging fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text). (    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen gas supply flow path (10)    hydrogen off-gas circulation flow path (20)    dehumidifier (21)    purge valve (23)
NOVELTY - A pair of control valves (12,13) adjust pressure of air and hydrogen ejected to an exterior from the electrode and the hydrogen pole respectively of the fuel cell main housing (2). A pair of purge alteration units (25,26) that change purge air flow amount or electrode purge time and purge hydrogen flow amount or hydrogen pole purge time respectively according to operational status of fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell system for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The power for operating an air supply apparatus and a hydrogen gas supply apparatus is economized by the purge alteration units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air supply apparatus (1)    fuel cell main housing (2)    hydrogen supply apparatus (3)    humidifier (4)    circulating water (5)    load (6)    controller (11)    control valves (12,13)    temperature sensors (16-19)    purge alteration units (25,26)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen tank (3) and a compressor (9) supply hydrogen and air to a fuel cell (1), respectively. A control unit (17) controls the flow amount of air which is made to correlate with the opening of hydrogen flow control valve (5).    USE - Fuel cell system for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The feed rate control of air with respect to feed rate of hydrogen is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the structure of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen tank (3)    flow control valve (5)    compressor (9)    cooler (11)    motor (13)    inverter (15)    control unit (17)    condenser (19)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with catalysts (A and B), to remove the sulfur content. The catalyst (A) contains 0.1-50 mass% of rare earth elements or its compound supported on Y-type zeolite. The catalyst (B) comprises 20 mass% or more of metal or its compound. The metal is nickel, zinc or copper.    USE - For desulfurizing hydrocarbon, for producing hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon is desulfurized effectively under low pressure conditions, without reducing the catalyst activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system..    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    fuel tank (3)    fuel feed pump (4)    desulfurizer (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with any one of catalysts (A-C) and sulfur is removed from the hydrocarbon. Catalyst (A) supports compounds of rare earth element or rare earth elements to Y-type zeolite. Catalyst (B) contains specific metal(s) on a support containing zeolite and/or clay compound. Catalyst (C) contains specific metal(s) or its oxide.    USE - For desulfurization of hydrocarbon containing sulfur, used for fuel cell system (claimed) e.g. solid polymeric fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables efficient removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon. The fuel cell is efficiently operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with any one of catalysts (A-C) and sulfur is removed from the hydrocarbon containing sulfur. Catalyst (A) supports 0.1-50 mass% of compounds of rare earth element or rare earth elements to Y-type zeolite. Catalyst (B) supports 0.01-10 mass% of platinum, palladium and/or rhenium, on support containing 30 mass% or more of zeolite and/or clay compound. Catalyst (C) contains 20 mass% or more of zinc, nickel and copper or its oxides.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    fuel tank (3)    fuel feed pump (4)    desulfurizer (5)
NOVELTY - An operation controller (50) controls supply amount of fuel and air to fuel cell (10) according to increase in demand. The electric power regulator (13) changes output electric power corresponding to the demand, after completion of alteration of supply amount.    USE - Fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prolongs lifetime of fuel cell, since deterioration of the catalyst by oxidation is prevented by preventing excessive generation of power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (10)    electric power regulator (13)    desulfurizer (23)    heat recovery heat exchanger (33)    controller (50)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell apparatus comprises a reactor (2) having a catalyst containing nickel or compounds of nickel to decompose hydrocarbon such as butane into hydrogen and carbon.    USE - Fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Supplies pure hydrogen cheaply and simply by decomposing the hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon. Improves the thermal efficiency of the fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of fuel cell apparatus.    hydrogen supply apparatus (1)    reactor (2)    heat supply device (3)    fuel cell apparatus (5)    fuel cell main portion (7)    hydrogen feed pipe (12)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas flow path (348) and a water flow path (308) are made to contact through a porous film (312) made of polyolefin-type resin film. The porous film transmits water, based on the differential pressure of hydrogen gas and water along respective flow path. The pressure adjustment of hydrogen gas or water is performed so that their differential pressure reaches preset value.    USE - Used for a humidification apparatus for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of humidification of hydrogen gas can be appropriately controlled. The size of the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structural diagram of the hydrogen gas humidification layer.    water flow path (308)    water transmissive layer (310)    micro porous film (312)    hydrophilic layer (314)    hydrogen gas flow path (348)
NOVELTY - A polymer flocculent comprising water-soluble vinyl polymer (A) having glass transition temperature of 45-130degreesC, and water-soluble vinyl polymer (B) having glass transition temperature of 45degreesC or less and intrinsic viscosity of 10-35 dl/g, is new. The flocculent contains 1 wt.% or less of insoluble content.    USE - The flocculant is useful for dehydrating sludge e.g. organic sludge and industrial water produced in microorganism processing of sewage, human waste, foodstuffs manufacturing plant and fiber manufacturing plant.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer flocculent has high dehydration effect, and excellent aggregation effect. The polymer flocculent has high adsorptivity to suspended particle in water, effective floc formation property and prevents the generation of powder blocking.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer flocculent comprising water-soluble vinyl polymer (A) having glass transition temperature of 45-130degreesC, and water-soluble vinyl polymer (B) having glass transition temperature of 45degreesC or less and intrinsic viscosity of 10-35 dl/g, is new. The flocculent contains 1 wt.% or less of insoluble content. The water-soluble vinyl polymer (A) is obtained by polymerizing cationic methacrylate monomer.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of polymer flocculent; and    (2) sludge.
NOVELTY - The polyvinyl alcohol in wastewater is decomposed by microbes belonging to Caseobacter genus.    USE - For decomposing polyvinyl alcohol in wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to decompose polyvinyl alcohol in wastewater more efficiently.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (10) has two end plates (12,22) enclosing anode (16) and cathode (20), with a polymer membrane (18) between. The anode is supplied with fuel through a hole (28) in the end plate (12), with the fuel passing through a porous layer (14). The cathode has fuel supply and drainage passages, and has on its inner face a network of grooves (C1,C2,C3) to distribute fuel over the cathode.    USE - Fuel cell used to power vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improved efficiency of fuel cell through improved fluid flows through anode and cathode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of the layers forming the fuel cell.    Fuel cell (10)    End plates (12,22)    Anode (16)    Cathode (20)    Polymer membrane (18)    Porous layer (14)    Grooves in inner surface of cathode (C1,C2,C3)
NOVELTY - Process for lowering the carbon monoxide content in a hydrogen-rich gas free from oxygen and containing water vapor, by circulation of the gas in contact with a catalyst comprising cobaltic oxide. The reaction is effected without addition of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas.    USE - The process is useful in providing a hydrogen supply to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A preferential oxidation of CO is achieved by the use of an efficient and cheap catalyst. The process does not require introduction of an O2-containing gas thus avoiding any consumption of H2 by oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT claim is also included for the installation for effecting the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an installation for the gas treatment    water gas shift reactor (A)    CO elimination unit by preferential oxidation (B)    fuel cell (C)    recirculation line, if CO level (10 ppm) is not attained (L3)    recirculation valves (V1, V2)
NOVELTY - Fuel battery has a cell (16) of oxygen ion conducting solid electrolyte layer (10) having surfaces on which respective cathode layer (12) and anode layer (14) are formed. The cell is supplied with methane gas or other fuel gas and oxygen or oxygen-containing gas, and caused oxidation-reduction reaction between the gases to generate electromotive power. The anode layer is made of sintered body having nickel oxide with lithium in solid solution.    USE - As fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel battery is maintained in electroconductivity and in fuel electrode functions even if the oxygen partial pressure at the fuel electrode side becomes higher and the electrode metal is oxidized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a vertical sectional view of a fuel battery.    Solid electrolyte layer (10)    Cathode layer (12)    Anode layer (14)    Cell (16)    Container (20)
NOVELTY - The chemical gas sensor has a frame (10) of monocrystalline silicon, which defines a center window (12). A dielectric layer (14) is placed on the frame, to form a membrane (16) at the window. A conductive layer (18) is laid on the membrane, as a hot body, to be covered by an electrical insulation layer (28). An element (42) of a metal oxide is laid on the center of the insulation layer, with two electrodes (40) to measure its electrical resistance.    USE - The chemical gas sensor is for the detection of noxious gases in the ambient atmosphere, e.g. carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, ozone, hydrocarbons, and the like. It is used to monitor domestic and industrial environments, and also the air passed into the interiors of vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The small metal oxide particles reduce the consumption of electricity with an effective gas detection.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic section through the chemical gas sensor.    frame (10)    window (12)    dielectric layer (14)    membrane (16)    conductive layer (18)    insulation layer (28)    electrodes (40)    metal oxide element (42)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-generating apparatus comprises chemical container, tubular member having an inlet and an outlet, and a catalyst disposed within the tubular member.    USE - Generating hydrogen for use in fuel cell, e.g. proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus allows the circulating of hydrogen-bearing solution without requiring the addition of external energy to the bubble pump. The hydrogen bubbles float through the catalyst ring, thus the catalyst ring remains clean and effective for a longer period of time than previous catalyst electrode elements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method of producing hydrogen comprising passing a hydrogen-bearing solution through a tubular member at least partially housed within a solution container, where the tubular member contains catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an overview diagram of a fuel cell apparatus.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-generating apparatus comprises a chemical reaction chamber, a chemical solution reservoir, unpowered pressure-producing member for moving a chemical solution from the chemical solution reservoir to the chemical reaction chamber, and a distributed catalyst bed disposed about the chemical reaction chamber.    USE - Generating hydrogen for use in fuel cell, e.g. proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus may be operated in any orientation because the pressure-producing members provide a pressure differential between the fresh solution bag and the reaction chamber in any orientation. It may use a single control valve, which can reduce the occurrence of failures present in prior hydrogen generating systems that require pumps and multiple control valves.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of generating hydrogen comprising applying a biasing force to a flexible bag containing a fuel solution to move the solution from the bag to a reaction chamber surrounded by a distributed catalyst bed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an overview diagram of a fuel cell apparatus in the invention.
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a reformer (1) for converting a hydrocarbon gas and water into hydrogen and further reformer products. The reformer has a heat source (2) formed as burner and connected to waste gas flues (4, 7). A heat exchanger (5) is arranged in both waste gas flues. At least one of flues can be closed when the heat requirement is reached.    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The burner requires only a small amount of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    Reformer (1)    Heat source (2)    Waste gas flues (4, 7)    Heat exchanger (5)    Heat exchangers (14)
NOVELTY - Separation of butenes and butanes by extractive distillation with a polar extractant comprises extractive distillation of a butene and butane containing stream with a polar extractant to yield a butane containing head fraction and a sump fraction comprising butene and the polar extractant and distillation of the sump fraction into a low b. pt. fraction containing butene and a high b. pt. fraction containing the polar extractant with recycle.    USE - The process is useful for the separation of butenes and butanes.    ADVANTAGE - The process has reduced energy requirements.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A process for the separation of butenes and butanes by extractive distillation with a polar extractant comprises:    (a) extractive distillation of a butene and butane containing stream with a polar extractant to yield a butane containing head fraction and a sump fraction comprising butene and the polar extractant and;    (b) distillative separation of the sump fraction from (A) into a low b. pt. fraction containing butene and a high b. pt. fraction containing the polar extractant whereby the high b. pt. fraction is recycled to step (A).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of the process.    butane/butene mixture (1)    extraction stage (2)    butane (3)    butene and polar extractant (4)    distillation column (5)    high b. pt. fraction containing extractant (6)    low b. pt. fraction containing butene (7)    compressor (10)
NOVELTY - System for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from educts consisting of water, an oxygen-containing medium, especially air, and hydrocarbon-containing starting materials, especially gasoline or diesel, comprises a reformer, a high temperature shift stage, a low temperature shift stage and a gas purification unit.    USE - For operating fuel cells in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Thorough mixing of the educt streams is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - System for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from educts consisting of water, an oxygen-containing medium, especially air, and hydrocarbon-containing starting materials, especially gasoline or diesel, comprises a reformer (3), a high temperature shift stage (4), a low temperature shift stage and a gas purification unit (6). Waste heat from one of the high temperature shift stages heat further educts and optionally water. One of the already heated educts flows through a heat exchanger (14) before it enters the reformer. The heat exchanger is arranged between the reformer and one of the high temperature shift stages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell arrangement.    reformer (3)    high temperature stage (4)    low temperature stage (5)    heat exchanger (5')    gas purification unit (6)    heat exchanger (14)
NOVELTY - The integrated fuel cell consists of at least two fuel cell stacks and one current collecting plate. Inside the current collecting plate, there are main hydrogen inlet pipe, main cooling water inlet pipe, main air inlet pipe, main hydrogen outlet pipe, main cooling water outlet pipe, and main air outlet pipe, and corresponding branch inlet and outlet pipes connected to corresponding fluid passages inside the fuel cell. The fluid passages inside the current collecting plate are in different areas and different layers without cross flow. Compared with available technology, the present invention has the advantages of compact structure, less resistance, less pressure loss and easy installation.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell power generation system has reformer comprising a catalyst part where hydrocarbons are partially oxidized and a solid electrolyte fuel cell to which the hydrogen-containing partial oxidation gas is supplied, an oxygen electrode to which oxygen-containing gas is supplied, and an electrolyte.    USE - Used as a fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - A reduction of the initiation time of the solid electrolyte fuel cell is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell power generation system comprises:    (a) a reformer into which oxygen-containing gas and raw material gas are passed, which has a catalyst part where hydrocarbons in the raw material gas are partially oxidized; and    (b) a solid electrolyte fuel cell, downstream of the reformer, which has a fuel electrode to which a partial oxidation gas containing hydrogen produced by passing raw material gas and oxygen-containing gas into the reformer, is supplied, an oxygen electrode to which oxygen-containing gas is supplied, and an electrolyte between the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode, so an electrode reaction is performed of the partial oxidation gas and the oxygen-containing gas at the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a fuel cell power generation system.    Power generation system (1)    Desulfurizer (3)    Inlet (3a)    Outlet (3b)    Burner (4)    First inlet (4a)    Second inlet (4b)    Outlet (4c)    Pre-reformer (5)    Inlet (5a)    Outlet (5b)    Heat exchanger (6)    Fuel cell (7)    Combustion device (9)    Heat exchanger (11)    Flow line (13)    Flow line (14)    Flow line (15)    Flow line (16)    Flow line (17)    Flow line (18)    Flow line (19)    Flow line (20)    Electromagnetic valve (21)    Electromagnetic valve (22)    Blower (23)    Blower (24)    Blower (25)    Air electrode (31)    Electrolyte (33)    Fuel electrode (35)    Air chamber (37)    Inlet (37a)    Fuel chamber (39)    Inlet (39a)    Recycle port (39b)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide (CO) on one side of membrane (8) in the presence of water is converted to carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) on the other side of membrane by passing hydrogen gas (H2) through membrane to the other side of membrane. The hydrogen is combusted on the other side with oxygen feed to other side. The feed to the other side of the membrane comprises anode (4) off-gas from fuel cell.    USE - For converting CO on one side of membrane to CO2 and H2O on the other side of membrane.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides relatively concentrated stream of carbon dioxide gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) (2) and device for reacting CO and H2 system comprising hydrogen-permeable membrane bounded on the sides with first and second chambers (6, 7). The first chamber is provided with feed mechanism for CO and H2, and discharge mechanism for CO2 and H2O. The second chamber is constructed as a combustion chamber and provided with oxygen feed mechanism and water discharge mechanism. The anode outlet of SOFC is connected to the first chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a combination of SOFC and shift membrane burner.    SOFC (2)    Anode (4)    Cathode (5)    First and second chambers (6, 7)    Membrane (8)
NOVELTY - Treating wastewater containing suspended solids comprising adding bauxite refinery residue known as red mud or red mud that has been at least partially reacted with calcium and/or magnesium ions to have a reaction pH of less than 10.5 when mixed five times its weight of water to enhance the settling rate of the solids, the bulk density of the solids and/or the filterability of the solids, is new.    USE - The method is useful for decreasing the odor of a material having an odor due to the presence of sulfur-containing substance(s) and for decreasing the propensity of a material to develop an odor due to sulfur-containing substances, wherein the material is sewage, sludge or compost (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Because the treating substance is insoluble in water and easily dispersed throughout the body of the water, the presence of the treating substance modifies biosolids that may be present in the water to improve filterability and removal of precipitated insoluble inorganic phosphorus compounds and to eliminate time-dependent release of phosphorus from biosolids, odor in effluent and separated biosolids and post treatment odor generation in separated biosolids and effluent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) reducing the concentration of dissolved phosphorus-containing species in water containing dissolved phosphorus-containing species by dispersing red mud as treating substance; adding metal ion(s) to the water to at least partially precipitate a phosphorus-containing compound of the metal(s); and removing solids present in the water to produce a treated water; and    (2) a composting process in which a compostable material is mixed with a material containing microorganisms and the microorganisms convert the compostable material to compost, wherein the mixture of compostable material and the material containing microorganisms further containing the treating substance.
NOVELTY - Method for decreasing the reducing sugars content of light steepwater (L1) involves incubating (L1) drawn from a corn steeping process having an sulfur dioxide content of 20 - 220 (preferably 50 - 210, especially 70 - 140) ppm at a temperature of 33 - 48 degreesC for at least 5 hours, is new.    USE - For decreasing the reducing sugars content of light steepwater (claimed) as a fermentation medium component to produce a wide variety of products in the fermentation industry.    ADVANTAGE - The obtained (L1) has less than about 6 (preferably less than about 4, especially less than about 2)% or no reducing sugar content. The SO2 content in the drawn off (L1) provides an environment for the lactic acid bacteria to fully convert reducing sugars into lactic acid but does not permit yeast to produce ethyl alcohol and carbon dioxide.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a cell stack that is formed by stacking a set of unit cells. A fuel cell distribution manifold is disposed centrally of the unit cell. An oxygen passage plate (18) and the stack have a set of opened grooves on a surface that is opposed to the oxygen electrode. The grooves are opened outside at both ends to permit an air to be supplied to the oxygen passage plate from outside through the grooves.    USE - Used for supplying sufficient amount of oxygen into cells in an electric source and electric generator for outdoor, pleasure trip, household, and business machines.    ADVANTAGE - The cell produces an excellent effect that is possible to increase oxygen supplied to the electrode through the pores in the plate itself and to expedite a power generating reaction of oxygen with a fuel at the center of the plate, thus improving the power generating performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of an oxygen passage plate used in an airbreathing fuel cell.    Oxygen passage plate (18)    Tie bolt (26)    Fuel distribution manifold (32)    Grooves (182)    Central hole (184)
NOVELTY - A reformer (3) comprises a micro reactor in which a flow path is formed for a fluid to flow inside; and a container (2) which accommodates the micro reactor and keeps an atmosphere on a periphery of the micro reactor at pressure lower than external pressure.    USE - For power generation system (1) having fuel cell (claimed) used in small-sized electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, notebook-sized personal computers, digital cameras, personal digital assistants or electronic diaries.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer can effectively heat a reaction container to promote a reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a reformer comprising depressurizing an atmosphere in a chamber where a micro reactor in which a flow path is formed for a fluid to flow inside, and a container for accommodating the micro reactor are installed. The micro reactor is accommodated in the container in a state where the atmosphere in the container is at the same pressure as the atmosphere in the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic sectional view of a power generation system.    Power generation system (1)    Container (2)    Reformer (3)
NOVELTY - A plasma-based fuel reformer has a first electrode (2), a second electrode (4), an insulator to prevent the formation of a plasma arc between the first and second electrodes, a mechanism for providing a fuel/air mixture to the reaction chamber, and a mechanism for diverting air flow into the chamber to create a vortex-like flow of air in the chamber.    USE - Used as plasma-based fuel reformer for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer provides a simple unit for converting hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen-rich gas stream. It does not require a compressor or a sophisticated power supply for stabilization of arc discharge. It has longer a electrode life and with a capability of lower power operation when lower flow rates of hydrogen-rich gas are required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The plasma-based fuel reformer has a first electrode having inner and outer walls and a longitudinal axis, the inner wall defining the reaction chamber (6); a second electrode axially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first electrode and positioned in the reaction chamber such that when an electrical voltage is applied to both electrodes a plasma arc forms between them in the chamber; an insulator to prevent the formation of a plasma arc between the first and second electrodes except in the chamber; a mechanism for providing a fuel/air mixture to the chamber; and a mechanism for diverting air flow into the chamber to create a vortex-like flow of air in the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of an illustrative plasma-based fuel reformer.    First electrode (2)    Second electrode (4)    Reaction chamber (6)    Discharge (8)    Exhaust manifold (14)    Air inlet port (20)
NOVELTY - Fertilizer application comprises dehydrating the membrane-separation liquid obtained by membrane separation of methane-fermentation sludge to obtain liquid fertilizer, and supplying liquid fertilizer to support body for cultivation (7) containing nitrifying bacteria which change the ammonia in the fertilizer into nitrate nitrogen.    USE - For cultivating plants.    ADVANTAGE - The fertilizer application method promotes nitrification of nitrifying bacteria and increases plant cultivation capability of support body.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for support body for cultivation, which consists of solid medium in liquid fertilizer and nitrifying bacteria.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flowchart of the fertilizer application method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane-fermentation installation (1)    component adjustment tank (2)    membrane separation installation (3)    dehydration installation (4)    support body for cultivation (7)
NOVELTY - A front shift-reaction device (5) which contacts a flat reformer (1) through its flat face, for receiving reformed gas and a rear shift-reaction device (7) in downstream side of the device (5), are held vertically.    USE - For electric power generating system using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost of the fuel processing system as it has compact structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mutually opposite reformer and a combustor (2) held at specific distance from modifier, and joined with the heat transfer wall of the modifier, are packed with modification and combustion catalysts, respectively. The combustor has a porous heat-resistant dividing wall (2a). The upright primary and secondary stage carbon monoxide removal devices (8,9), are connected sequentially with downstream side of the rear shift-reaction device.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric power generating system using fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of electric power generating system using fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (1)    combustor (2)    porous dividing wall (2a)    front shift-reaction device (5)    rear shift-reaction device (7)    primary and secondary stage carbon monoxide removal devices (8, 9)
NOVELTY - An arithmetic unit (11) calculates mass flow rate of carbon content contained in the source gas, based on a mass flow meter which measures flow rate of the source gas. The flow amount of the water vapor to a servo system is regulated based on the calculated mass flow rate of the carbon content.    USE - For controlling operation of hydrogen manufacturing plant to manufacture hydrogen used in fuel cells for electric-power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to optimize steam/carbon ratio in steam-reforming process in a modifier (10), by regulating flow amount of the water vapor based on the mass flow rate of carbon content in the source gas. Improves energy efficiency of the hydrogen manufacturing plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thermal flow sensor (4) detects the amount of heat change produced corresponding to the mass flow rate of the source gas. The flow rate of the water vapor is regulated based on the mass flow rate of the carbon content in the source gas. The source gas reacts with the water vapor in the hydrogen manufacturing plant to manufacture hydrogen. The hydrogen is supplied to a fuel-cell power generating device (12) to generate electric power.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus; and    (2) hydrogen manufacturing method which involves regulating flow amount of the water vapor based on measured flow rate of carbon content in the source gas. The source gas is selected from the group consisting of isomer of saturated hydrocarbon, substitution product or unsaturated hydrocarbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel-cell electric-power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    source-gas supply line (1)    thermal flow sensor (4)    modifier (10)    arithmetic unit (11)    fuel-cell power generating device (12)
NOVELTY - Styrene resin foam is obtained by extrusion foaming of mixture of molten styrene foam and foaming agent. The styrene resin foam contains preset amount of specific components. It contains air bubbles (A) having diameter of 0.25 mm or less, and air bubbles having diameter of 0.3-1 mm. Air bubbles (A) occupy 10-90% of area, with respect to foam cross-section.    USE - Heat insulating material for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The styrene resin foam has excellent flame retardance and thermal insulation and is eco-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Styrene resin foam is obtained by carrying out extrusion foaming of mixture of molten styrene foam and foaming agent. The styrene resin foam contains 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon(s) (C1) (in weight parts) (2-6), compound (C2) (1-7) chosen from dimethyl ether, methyl chloride and/or ethyl chloride, flame retardant (C3) (0.1-5), halogenated flame retardant (0.1-6), and halogen-containing phosphoric acid ester type flame retardant(s) (0.1-6), with respect to styrene resins (100). The styrene resin foam contains air bubbles (A) having diameter of 0.25 mm or less, and air bubbles having diameter of 0.3-1 mm. The air bubbles (A) occupy 10-90% of area, with respect to foam cross-section. The air bubbles are dispersed in the shape of sea-island via an air film.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of styrene resin foam.
NOVELTY - The oxygen containing mixed gas, supplied to a furnace from the feed pipes (18) connected to a two stage gasifier, is subjected to high temperature gasification process to generate hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The flow rate of the mixed gas is set 3-10 times higher than the flow rate of the combustible gas introduced to the gasifier through the inlet (10).    USE - For processing combustible waste material such as municipal solid waste, waste plastic, shredder dust, sludge, waste tire, waste oil, biomass using two stage gasifier.    ADVANTAGE - Heat damage to inner wall of the gasifier is prevented, as the gas supplied from feed pipes are mixed uniformly by tip of mixed gas feed pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of two stage gasifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion chamber (7)    inlet of combustion gas (10)    mixed gas inlet (12)    mixed gas feed pipes (18)
NOVELTY - A composting adjuvant consists of an aldehyde group containing biodegradable cross-linked polymer material.    USE - For solidifying compost raw material such as animal excrements, organic refuses (claimed) such as foodstuffs residue and drink residual liquor, and waste vegetables.    ADVANTAGE - The composting adjuvant enables the biodegradable treatment of the compost raw material in a short period of time. The composting adjuvant has favorable biodegradability and highly water-absorbing effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gelatinization or solidifying method of compost raw material, which involves absorbing moisture content contained in the compost raw material using composting adjuvant to lose a fluidity of the raw material.
NOVELTY - Composting adjuvant comprises biodegradable modified polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked material.    USE - Used for composting, gelatinizing or solidifying compost raw material such as animal excrements and/or organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The composting adjuvant is biodegradable, has high water absorbing property, enables effective gelatinization and solidification of compost raw material, and promotes composting. The treatment facility required for biodegradation of the compost adjuvant is reduced and biodegradation is facilitated in a short time. The compost adjuvant can be efficiently conveyed to composting waste materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gelatinization or solidification of compost raw material by absorbing the moisture content in compost raw material using the composting adjuvant and reducing the fluidity of compost raw material.
NOVELTY - The support comprises a compact containing an aluminum compound having a hydroxyl group, and a zeolite. The support is provided as a component for a hydrogen purification catalyst which decreases carbon monoxide content in a gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water vapor.    USE - For hydrogen purification catalyst (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The support suppresses generation of methane from gas containing carbon monoxide. The hydrogen purification catalyst which comprising the support purifies hydrogen, and decreases carbon monoxide content significantly. The hydrogen obtained lowers poisoning of the platinum electrode catalyst of a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the support; and    (2) hydrogen purification catalyst comprising the support.
NOVELTY - Domestic waste materials are recycled by removing and baling paper and plastic material for recycling in respective production plant; delivering residual material on counter-rotating spaced-apart shafts each carrying hammer-like projecting flails; screening and agitating the shredded residual material; baling the larger removed material for subsequent use as a fuel; and sending the other material for composting.    USE - The process is for recycling domestic waste materials, e.g. paper, plastics, or other materials (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process recycles the domestic waste to separate, not just larger recyclable material, but also to produce a product suitable for composting.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Recycling of domestic waste materials involves separating waste in an initial station into large paper, large plastics, and residual material; separately removing and baling the paper and the plastic material for recycling in respective production plant; delivering the residual material between a pair of counter-rotating spaced-apart shafts (55, 56) each carrying hammer-like projecting flails (57), dimensioned so that a flail on one shaft rotates in the space between two flails on the other shaft; screening and agitating the shredded residual material to remove the cohesive material above a predetermined size; baling the larger removed material for subsequent use as a fuel; and sending the other material for composting. The action of the flails causes the separation of the softer material from a more cohesive material while shredding the larger more cohesive material coarsely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a plan view of the equipment used in the treatment station.    Counter-rotating spaced-apart shafts (55, 56)    Flails (57)
NOVELTY - Reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants comprises decoupling sludge reduction from the biological channel of the treatment plant by using separate means dedicated to sludge reduction and phosphorus precipitation.    USE - For reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge reduction is decoupled from wastewater treatment, so that the sludge reduction unit can be smaller than the wastewater treatment units and can have an independent air supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the above process, comprising a low-, medium- or heavy-duty biological treatment unit in the form of an activated sludge reactor, mixed culture reactor, fixed biomass reactor or membrane bioreactor, a sludge separator, and sludge reduction means receiving sludge from the biological treatment unit.
NOVELTY - Reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants of the fixed biomass type comprises a thermophilic enzymatic degradation step in which bacterial cells are lysed to produce organic matter for providing the substrate for the bacteria in an activated sludge treatment step.    USE - For reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge production can be reduced by 20-100%, as required. Sludge reduction is decoupled from wastewater treatment, so that the sludge reduction unit can be 5-50 times smaller than the wastewater treatment units and can have an independent air supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the above process, comprising a thermophilic enzymatic degradation reactor (3) and a low-, medium- or heavy-duty biological treatment reactor (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The top drawing shows a conventional wastewater treatment plant comprising an anaerobic zone (R), an anoxic zone (X), an aerobic zone (A), a clarifier (C) and an aerobic thermophilic degradation reactor (B) in a recycle loop between zones A and R. The bottom drawing shows a plant for carrying out the process as above. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Wastewater treatment unit (2)    Thermophilic enzymatic degradation reactor (3)    Excess sludge (7)    Activated sludge reactor (8)    Separator-thickener. (9)
NOVELTY - Reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants of the fixed biomass type comprises a thermophilic enzymatic degradation or ozone partial oxidation step in which bacterial cells are lysed to produce organic matter for providing the substrate for the bacteria in an activated sludge treatment step.    USE - For reducing sludge production in municipal or industrial wastewater treatment plants.    ADVANTAGE - Sludge production can be reduced by 20-100%, as required. Sludge reduction is decoupled from wastewater treatment, so that the sludge reduction unit can be 5-50 times smaller than the wastewater treatment units and can have an independent air supply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for apparatus for carrying out the above process, comprising a thermophilic enzymatic degradation reactor (3) and a low-, medium- or heavy-duty biological treatment reactor (8).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plant for carrying out the process as above. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Wastewater treatment unit (2)    Thermophilic enzymatic degradation reactor (3)    Excess sludge (7)    Activated sludge reactor (8)    Separator-thickener. (9)
NOVELTY - Obtaining biodegradable polymers from waste and enriched activated sludge under non-stationary conditions comprising operating sequencing batch reactor (SBR) at organic load of not less than 20 g-chemical oxygen demand (COD)/l/d and feed of not less than 20 gCOD/l, is new.    USE - The method is useful for obtaining biodegradable polymers from waste and enriched activated sludge under non-stationary conditions.    ADVANTAGE - By operating with greater organic loads, the second and third stages can be unified into a single stage of polymer production, with notable simplifications to the management of the process in its complexity and with simultaneous simplification of the relative plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Obtaining biodegradable polymers are obtained from waste and enriched activated sludge under non-stationary conditions, comprises stage (I), conducted in an acidogenic anaerobic fermenter fed with waste; and stage (II), conducted in an aerobic reactor fed with effluent from stage (I) and operating by the SBR method, i.e. such as to comprise a continuous but non-stationary operation, formed of repeated identical cycles, each subdivided into differentiated phases comprising feed, reaction and discharge in absence of sedimentation. In the stage (II), the SBR is operated at organic load of not less than 20 gCOD/l/d and feed of not less than 20 gCOD/l.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic of the two-stage process of the invention.
NOVELTY - The reference and measurement intensities of infrared radiation transmitted through the measurement cell into which sample of exhaust gas flows, are measured and compared to deduce concentration value of one or more constituents of the exhaust flow. The control parameters of the combustor (10) such as IC engine is varied in response to each concentration value to optimize the concentration of each constituent.    USE - For controlling concentration of constituents of exhaust flow from combustor such as internal combustion engine and to control level of fueling and level of emission in engine exhaust.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling level of emissions in engine exhaust and level of fueling in internal combustion easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the control apparatus of internal combustion engine.    combustor (10)    infrared radiation sensor (12)    control unit (14)    processor (19)    control signals (26,30)
NOVELTY - A chemical reactor (32) produces a gas from a continuous flow of aqueous solution of sodium borohydride. A pump (36) controls the flow of the aqueous solution through the chemical reactor, to control production rate of the hydrogen gas.    USE - For generating hydrogen gas used to power fuel cell for power generation, to power motors, lights and electrical appliances, used in internal combustion engine for powering vehicles, and variety of electronic applications.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the efficiency of the gas generation system, by recirculating the sodium borohydride solution effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen gas generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen gas generation system.    gas generation system (30)    chemical reactor (32)    pump (36)
NOVELTY - A scooter frame (11) comprises a rear cover (11a), a center cover (11d) connected to the rear cover by a footstep section, and a front cover (11c) mounted to the front side of scooter frame. Hydrogen storage canisters are arranged in weight-balanced manner about the center line of the scooter frame so that center of gravity of scooter is located at location for smooth and stable operation.    USE - For electric scooter used for transportation.    ADVANTAGE - Performance of electric scooter is enhanced. Driving safety and smooth movement of scooter are also enhanced. Ensures safe and efficient storage of hydrogen used in fuel cell batteries used as fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The front cover forms interior space with the center cover. A fuel cell stack for powering the electric motor of the electric scooter (1) is arranged in inclined manner inside the rear cover. A hydrogen canister holder is arranged inside the interior space between the front cover and the center cover, and above the front wheel (15a) of the scooter. The hydrogen canister holder comprises receptacles arranged in weight-balanced manner on opposite sides of centerline of scooter frame. Each receptacle has a base member on which a connector is formed. Each hydrogen storage canister containing hydrogen is retained in each receptacle and connected to the connector of the receptacle of the hydrogen canister folder to discharge hydrogen through the connector to the fuel cell stack by piping. A blower is arranged inside the footstep section for causing an air flow to supply oxygen to the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is the perspective view of the electric scooter.    Electric scooter (1)    Scooter frame (11)    Rear cover (11a)    Front cover (11c)    Center cover (11d)    Transmission system (14)    Front wheel (15a)    Rear wheel (15b)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses city domestic garbage treating apparatus and method. The apparatus includes fermenting tank with cover plate and partitioning board possessing holes for dropping water, showering system, gas controlling system. The garbage treating process includes sorting, fermenting, cooling, refining to make solid fuel and other technological steps.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention discloses city domestic garbage treating apparatus and method. The apparatus includes fermenting tank with cover plate and partitioning board possessing holes for dropping water, showering system, gas controlling system. The garbage treating process includes sorting, fermenting, cooling, refining to make solid fuel and other technological steps. During the fermentation, the produced heat can sterilize and dry garbage to make treated garbage possess water content lower than 15 %, and the dried garbage may be used in extracting solid fuel for power plant and cement plant to use. The unique gas controlling system can be used to regulate the temperature and oxygen in the fermenting tank automatically and its waste gas and waste water treating system makes the production process no waste water exhaust and less waste gas exhaust.
NOVELTY - The present invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer producing technology. Organic fertilizer is produced with fruit slag, assistant, complex enzyme and water and the material may contain some nitrogen fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention belongs to the field of organic fertilizer producing technology. Organic fertilizer is produced with fruit slag, assistant, complex enzyme and water and the material may contain some nitrogen fertilizer. The production process includes producing composite enzyme preparation containing cellulase, hemicellulase and pectase with selected aerobic bacteria strain; mixing fruit slag, assistant, complex enzyme and water in certain proportion; and fermentation inside a sealed fermenting bin via temperature raising stage, high temperature stage, temperature lowering stage and fertilizer maintaining stage to produce the organic fertilizer. During the production, lime is used to neutralize acid fruit slag and increase calcium in the fertilizer, and artificial semi-earth compost fermentation technique is utilized to lower production cost.
NOVELTY - The city domestic garbage treating process includes storing fermentation, waste gas and waste water treatment, sorting, stoving, incineration, fume treatment, eliminating slag and other steps. Wastegas produced in the fermentation is used as combustion assisting gas in the incinerating furnace and waste water is conveyed to sewage disposal plant to prevent secondary pollution caused by waste gas and waste water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The city domestic garbage treating process includes storing fermentation, waste gas and waste water treatment, sorting, stoving, incineration, fume treatment, eliminating slag and other steps. Wastegas produced in the fermentation is used as combustion assisting gas in the incinerating furnace and waste water is conveyed to sewage disposal plant to prevent secondary pollution caused by waste gas and waste water. The sorting and the stoving of fermented garbage before incineration can avoid blocking in hearth, raise heat value, promote combustion and inhibit the production of dioxin. The said process can reduce garbage amount by 95 % and low ignition loss rate of the residue and has low garbage treating cost, and the slag may be used in producing pavement tile and for other uses.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the efficient clean utilization of marsh gas and is especially one new kind of catalyst for reforming methane-CO2 to produce synthetic gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention is one green process to utilize marsh gas with methane and CO2 as main components to produce synthetic gas via reformation. The present invention is significant for sustained supply of power source and environment protection.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to environment protecting technology, and is specially method of preparing hydrogen with garbage and sewage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process includes the purifying step to spray generated gas with lime solution inside a gas purifier to eliminate harmful matter in generated gas; heating step of heating the purified gas to 600-800 degreesC in a heat exchanger; and hydrogen producing step inside a catalytic hydrogen separating reactor with catalyst and hydrogen penetrating film under 600-800 degreesC. The generated gas may be thermally cracked gas of cracking garbage or fermented gas of fermenting sewage anaerobically. The present invention can produce hydrogen while purifying environment.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply unit comprises reformer that reforms source gas to generate hydrogen gas, first storage device for storing and supplying the hydrogen gas to first fuel cell used as stationary electric power supply, and second storage device for storing and supplying hydrogen gas to second fuel cell used as mobile electric power supply. The second storage device comprises a compressor for pressuring the hydrogen gas.    USE - The unit is used for supplying hydrogen gas both to fuel cell used as stationary electric power supply and to fuel cell used as mobile electric power supply. It is particularly used to fuel cell supplying electric power to household electric appliances and to fuel cell and to fuel cell installed in automobile including electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The unit can efficiently supply hydrogen gas to fuel cells used as stationary or mobile electric power supply.
NOVELTY - A solid waste, preferably garbage, is treated to convert into a micro-organic fertilizer and recoverable by-products, by spraying a microorganic composition and mixing with primary additives, anaerobically decomposing at an elevated temperature, separating, grinding and mixing with secondary additives and compost.    USE - For the treatment of solid waste, preferably garbage, to convert into a micro-organic fertilizer and recoverable by-products used in farms.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive garbage treatment method produces no offensive smells and toxic gases, and particularly no leakage from the decomposition of garbage. It does not need to classify garbage before treatment, then the non-degradable matters are removed easily. It is simple, having common equipment that can be manufactured with ease.
NOVELTY - Waste water comprising an organic nutrient, is treated by feeding the waste water to microorganisms-comprising sludge granules, introducing an oxygen-comprising gas to the sludge granules in a fluidized condition, and settling the sludge granules.    USE - For the treatment of waste water.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method occupies less space in comparison with the known method.
NOVELTY - A composting apparatus comprises a vertical arrangement of segregated processing zones (150, 160). The apparatus also includes a housing (110) including at least one wall (120), at least one agitating roller (220) selectively separating (150) and (160), a waste inlet (140) above (150) and a waste outlet (300) below the lowest of (160). (150) is placed in (110) and (160) is placed below (150).    USE - For decomposing organic waste materials.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus facilitates full control of the environmental conditions for optimal rapid decomposition of biodegradable organic waste and ensures reliable and consistent output of high quality compost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of composting material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a partial cross sectional front-left perspective view of the vertical composting apparatus.    housing (110)    wall (120)    waste inlet (140)    upper processing zone (150)    lower processing zone (160)    agitating roller (220)    waste outlet. (300)
NOVELTY - A candle comprises a wick and a triacylglycerol-based material containing triacylglycerol stock which has a m.pt. of 40-45 degrees C and a fatty acid profile including not more than 25 wt.% fatty acids having less than 18C.    USE - The candle is used for illumination.    ADVANTAGE - The triacylglycerol-based material has physical characteristics e.g. melting point, hardness and/or malleability, that permit the material to be readily formed into candles having a pleasing appearance and/or feel to the touch, as well as having desirable olfactory properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a food container comprising a fiber-based food container and a vegetable-based wax where the vegetable-based wax comprises hydrogenated vegetable oil where the level of hydrogenation is 60-100%; and    (b) a cosmetic paste comprising 100 wt.% hydrogenated vegetable oil where the level of hydrogenation is 60-100%.
NOVELTY - A combustible fuel includes a compressed unit of crushed maize cob.    USE - The combustible fuel is used to generate heat for combined heating and power, or for power and cooking.    ADVANTAGE - The combustible fuel unit can be provided in any color, e.g. providing aesthetically more appealing colors than the normal black briquette currently available.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing a combustible fuel unit by crushing maize cob(s), dry mixing the crushed cob(s) with a binder to produce a combustible fuel mixture, and compressing the combustible fuel mixture to form a combustible fuel unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a labeled block diagram of the method for manufacturing the combustible fuel unit.
NOVELTY - Recovery of propylene in a vapor purge from a propylene oxide process in which propylene is absorbed from the vapor purge in a liquid absorbent involves absorbing the propylene in propane liquid.    USE - Used for the recovery of propylene in a vapor purge from a propylene oxide process.    ADVANTAGE - The process achieves an economical operation because the number of distillation columns required to effect the recovery and recycle of propylene is reduced from four for conventional practice to just two for the invention. The absorbent propane is indigenous to the reaction system since it comprises a usual component of the propylene feed to the system and is usually made as a by-product, thus the absorptive separation of the invention does not require the introduction into the system of material which is not already found in it.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the invention in schematic form.    Propylene oxide vent purge gas line (21)    Methane line (22)    Absorber (25)    Vapor stream line (27)    Liquid bottoms stream line (28)    Stripper (29)
NOVELTY - An automatic air supply and drainage system for a compost fermenting chamber, which inhibits air leakage of a blower to supply a sufficient amount of air to the fermenting chamber and is operated with ease.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The automatic air supply and drainage system is disposed in a ventilation type compost fermenting device comprising a drainage path at the bottom of the fermenting chamber and having a blower, an air supplying duct and ventilating duct which are communicated one another. The system is characterized by comprising a fermenting chamber with a roof; a forced blower (10) for supplying air to the air supplying duct formed on the bottom of the fermenting chamber and an electronic valve(20) mounted at the end of the ventilating duct; and a central controller for opening and closing the ventilating duct before the operation of the blower (10) for supplying air to the air supplying duct or after a predetermined time.
NOVELTY - A device for aging an organic waste having a large-scaled aging chamber is provided to treat food garbages in a short time in order to obtain compost with improved productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The device for making compost by fermenting food garbages comprises an air injecting means for supplying air to a fermentation tank, a rotating blade for mixing the injected garbages with yeast and a driving means for the rotating blade. The device is characterized by comprising the supporting parts at both sides formed of one or more raws of H-beam supports(10) spaced by a constant distance on the bottom(100); a first aging chamber(20), which is equipped with a side wall part disposed on the support(10) and formed of a slate(30) having an air inlet, and has gates in front and in rear of the chamber(20); a stirrer(50) for moving a bucket conveyor comprising a longitudinal guide rail(51) disposed in a truss(12) attached to the support(10); and an air supplying pipe having multiple air emitting holes and a dirty water collecting trench disposed under the first aging chamber(20).
NOVELTY - Recovering (M) object microorganisms (OM) e.g., chlorine resistant pathogenic microorganism from under water sample, involves isolating and concentrating OM using hollow fiber membrane (M), exfoliating OM from (M) using smaller amounts of backwashing solution than the sample, isolating and concentrating OM from backwashing solution obtained from above step, using membrane filter (F) and exfoliating OM from (F) using backwashing solution.    USE - (M) is useful for recovering chlorine resistant pathogenic microorganisms from underwater sample (claimed). (M) is useful for recovering chlorine resistant pathogenic microorganisms e.g., Cryptosporidium from underwater sample.    ADVANTAGE - (M) exhibits high efficiency in recovering chlorine resistant pathogenic microorganisms from underwater sample.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus (I) for recovering microorganisms, comprising hollow fiber membrane unit (11), unit for backwashing object microorganisms, membrane filter unit (14) and unit for exfoliating the object microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an apparatus for recovering microorganisms. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hollow-fiber-membrane isolation unit (11)    suction pump (12)    membrane-filter unit (14)    valve for introduction of sample (V1)    valve for ejection of sample (V2)    valve for pouring backwashing solution (V3)
NOVELTY - The biogas that is pressurized more than the pressure suitable for micro gas turbine (56) is condensed and moisture is separated, to obtain the dry gas. The dry gas is supplied and burned in the micro gas turbine after the reduction of suitable pressure.    USE - Used for biomass of waste materials such as sewage sludge, excrements from livestock, waste liquid, vegetables, waste food, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Maintenance of prospective natural environment can be aimed at and clean energy is obtained as the waste materials are effectively used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The dry gas is obtained by cooling with a refrigerator in the pressure tank (11). The purge process is carried out by supplying the pressurized biogas alternately with respect to two sets of adsorption element. The adsorption element is comprised of honeycomb adsorption material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the effective-usage system of biogas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pressure tank (11)    pressure control valve (12)    electric power generating apparatus (54)    gas turbine (56)    generator (57)
NOVELTY - A ventilation gas flowing waterproof sheet (12) having air permeability, covers an organic substance (11) piled up on a waterproof sheet (6) which covers installation surface (2). An air supply device (7) supplies air in the organic substance accumulating space divided with the waterproof sheet and the ventilation gas flowing waterproof sheet.    USE - For manufacturing manure by carrying out the fermentation decomposition and composting of organic substances such as mowed grass, pruned branches, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic substance can be maintained in a suitable state for aerobic fermentation and the composting by fermentation processing can be efficiently performed. The leachates from the organic substance can be gathered in the catch pit covered with the waterproof sheet and collected at a catchment junction box by being made to flow along the catch pit. The environmental pollution caused by the leakage of leachates can be prevented reliably and the leachates can be effectively used as a liquid fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catch pit (4) and a catchment junction box connected with one end of the catch pit, are formed by digging the installation space. The catchment junction box is covered using a cover (9).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view showing the composition of the manure processing equipment.    insulation surface (2)    catch pit (4)    waterproof sheet (6)    air supply device (7)    cover (9)    organic substance (11)    ventilation gas flowing waterproof sheet (12)
NOVELTY - The sideline products are cut to a preset size and mixed with an effective microorganism (EM). The mixture is placed on a water permeable sheet (16) and the EM is made to decompose the sideline products. At least one among the manure remaining on the water permeable sheet and the liquid fertilizer stored in a receptacle (14) formed underneath the water permeable sheet, is collected.    USE - For recycling the sideline products such as leaves and stalks which are discarded while producing agricultural products.    ADVANTAGE - The sideline products can be recycled effectively by using the decomposition ability of microorganism and a contribution to environmental conservation can be achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for sideline products recycle equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principal part expanded sectional view of sideline products recycle equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    recycle equipment (1)    cutting machine (2)    EM tank (5)    liquid fertilizer receptacle (14)    water permeable sheet (16)
NOVELTY - A method for deodorizing manure of livestock excrements involves mixing Lysozyme, Thiobacillus, Streptomyces and Aspergillus with zeolite stone (in parts) (100-150), vinegar (8-12) and water (3-5), adsorbing culture solution extract on zeolite stone, mixing zeolite with livestock feed after 7 days, mixing livestock feces and urine with saw dust or chaff and fermenting the mixture.    USE - For deodorizing ammonia and hydrogen sulfide smell from livestock excrements.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively eliminates bad smell produced from feces excretion unit, does not produce fly or maggot and enables supply of good quality manure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A method for deodorizing manure of livestock excrements involves mixing Lysozyme, Flavobacter, Thiobacillus, Microbispora, Streptomyces and Aspergillus with zeolite stone (in parts) (100-150), vinegar (8-12) and water (3-5), adsorbing culture solution extract on zeolite stone, mixing zeolite with livestock feed after 7 days, mixing livestock feces and urine with saw dust or chaff and fermenting the mixture.
NOVELTY - A stirring blade assembly for use in an organic refuse disposer, is new. The assembly has several projections formed in the front end of each stirring blade (35), or alternatively, rods, fish-hook like rods or corrugated boards are attached to the front end of each stirring blade.    USE - For stirring organic refuse from hospital, supermarket and hotel as part of an organic refuse disposer.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to disintegrate the organic refuse reliably, ensuring decomposition of the organic refuse by microorganisms in short time period. Uniform decomposition is ensured, without any solidification of the powdered stirred materials such as bean curd lees.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the attachment state of the stirring blade to the spindle.    drive shaft (29)    spindle (33)    stirring blade (35)
NOVELTY - An organic refuse disposer, has cylindrical drum (1) provided with opening and numerous stirring rods (5) and blades (4), a rotary shaft (6) at the one end of the drum in axial direction, a retarder (8) for imparts power to the rotary shaft, a driving unit (7) such as motor for retarder, and rotation support (9) for supporting periphery of the drum.    USE - For biological decomposing of organic refuses.    ADVANTAGE - The drum is provided with stirring rods and blades, therefore the disposer has simple structure. The electric torque for rotating the drum is minimized and the running cost is decreased. The disposer effectively and economically decomposes organic refuse using microbes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of organic refuse disposer.    drum (1)    organic refuse insertion opening (2)    lid (3)    blade (4)    stirring rod (5)    rotary shaft (6)    driving unit such as motor (7)    retarder (8)    rotation support (9)    support stand (10)
NOVELTY - An organic waste processing apparatus used for manufacturing fodder, is new.    USE - For processing organic waste such as organic refuse for manufacturing fodder or manure.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables efficient stirring of the organic waste, due to repeated extrusion and upward movement of the organic waste by the rotation of the rotary extrusion and spiral blades. The provision of the guidance piece increases the amount of conveyance of the waste material, improving stirring efficiency and increasing decompose-treatment speed of the organic waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic waste processing apparatus for manufacturing fodder, is new. A rotary extrusion blade (20) is arranged in the bottom portion of a treatment tank (1), for extrusion of the organic waste (W) to the side surfaces (3) of the tank. A spiral blade (30) extends along the side surface of the tank for upward movement of the waste. The blades are rotated by a drive unit (40) such that the waste descends to the bottom portion of the tank from the top of the blade (30). The front end of the rotary extrusion blade is connected to the bottom end of the spiral blade. The drive unit rotates a rotary shaft (10) of the rotary extrusion blade and spiral blade with respect to the treatment tank. A guidance piece (21) is arranged in the connection portion of the extrusion and spiral blades, to guide waste material to the side surface of the treatment tank. The cross-sectional shape of the bottom surface of the tank is set in an inverted V shape or circular arc shape. The top edge of the side surface of the tank is formed such that the diameter of the top edge decreases gradually.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the organic-waste processing apparatus.    treatment tank (1)    side surface (3)    rotary shaft (10)    rotary extrusion blade (20)    guidance piece (21)    spiral blade (30)    drive unit (40)    organic waste (W)
NOVELTY - A foodstuff treatment apparatus for producing liquid fertilizer by microbial fermentation, is new.    USE - For decompose treatment of waste foodstuff using microorganism, to produce liquid fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the stirring blade surface are inclined with respect to shaft axis and due to the position of the main and auxiliary stirring blades, penetration of air inside the microbial bed is made easier. Thus microorganisms are activated and decomposition of foodstuff is performed rapidly. The sprayer prevents leakage of smell from the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A foodstuff treatment apparatus for producing liquid fertilizer by microbial fermentation, is new. Several microbial bed units are arranged in a decomposition tank (10) having a temperature controller. A rotary shaft (14) held in axial center of the tank, has several main stirring shafts (18) of preset interval along peripheral surface. The blade surface are set at an inclination with respect to axis of the rotary shaft. A drive unit drives the rotary shaft. Several short auxiliary stirring blades (20) with inclined surface at preset interval are provided on the shaft. The main and auxiliary stirring blades assumes a spiral locus on the shaft. The blades provides stirring effect in axial and reverse direction of the shaft. A spray unit sprays water or deodorizer through an insertion opening (13) of the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the foodstuff decompose-treatment apparatus.    decomposition treatment tank (10)    insertion opening (13)    rotary shaft (14)    main and auxiliary stirring blades (18,19)
NOVELTY - A separation tank (42) which isolates foodstuff from its package, has a package discharge port at extension line of axis of a rotary shaft (44) held in the tank and attached with several rectangular blades (46,47,48). The tank also consists of several foodstuff discharge ports. The shaft extending along horizontal axis of the tank, is rotated by a drive unit.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing packed perishable foodstuff waste, to produce liquid fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - Separation of foodstuffs and package, is performed automatically and decomposition of the foodstuffs is efficiently performed by allowing easy penetration of air into the foodstuffs. Prevents leakage of bad smell to atmosphere, by supplying deodorizer into the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The foodstuff package insertion opening is opened/closed by a lid. A sprayer supplies water or deodorizer into the tank from the discharge port near the insertion opening. The discharge ports are connected to a drain tube.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for foodstuff decomposing apparatus which has a processing tank which retains microorganisms, temperature controller and a rotary shaft with several long main blades and short auxiliary stirring blades arranged at preset intervals. The shaft is rotatable in forward and reverse directions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially sectioned front view of foodstuff decomposing apparatus.    Separation tank (42)    Rotary shaft (44)    Blades (46,47,48)    Lid (54)
NOVELTY - The primary and secondary containers (12,22) sealed with intermediate coolant having a liquefying point lower than liquefied natural gas (LNG), have corresponding fluid routes (13,23) supplied with carbon dioxide and LNG, respectively. The liquid and gas pipelines (15,25) supply liquid from secondary to primary container and gas from primary to secondary container, respectively.    USE - For liquefying carbon dioxide ejected from petroleum refining installation and use in foodstuff processing facility and refrigerator.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents solidification of carbon dioxide within the container and performs efficient cooling operation, by selecting suitable intermediate coolant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) control method of heat exchanger which involves regulating temperature of intermediate coolant, by adjusting inflow of LNG based on pressure of intermediate coolant; and    (2) liquefying method of carbon dioxide which involves introducing compressed carbon dioxide into drier, deodorizing device and primary container, sequentially. The gas is cooled by cooling-heat of the LNG.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of heat exchanger.    Heat exchanger (10)    Primary and secondary containers (12,22)    Fluid routes (13,23)    Liquid pipe line (15)    Gas pipeline (25)
NOVELTY - A water supply path (24) supplies water from a fuel cell (2), to a heating or cooling portion (12) which heats or cools a hydrogen storage unit (11) supplied with hydrogen from a hydrogen supply unit (1). The heating or cooling portion has a wet absorption and dehumidification agent or hydrolyzable agent which absorbs water.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Performs storage and discharge of hydrogen, using a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen storage unit is heated and cooled when the wet absorption and dehumidification agent absorbs and desorbs water, respectively. The heating or cooling portion has catalyst and hydrolyzable agent having metal hydrogen complex for generating hydrogen by hydrolysis reaction. When the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen storage unit, detected by respective sensors, are below preset values, water supply operation is started. A controller regulates the water supply amount based on the output of the sensors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen supply unit (1)    fuel cell (2)    hydrogen storage container (10)    hydrogen storage unit (11)    heating or cooling portion (12)    water supply path (24)
NOVELTY - Liquid methanol (G) is supplied to tubeside of reactor (26) performing modification and methanation of methanol. Portion of methanol vaporization reaction heat is removed from reactor. Water vapor (B) and methanol vapor (G') mixture is passed via shellside of heat exchanger packed with nickel-type catalyst to obtain the methane rich gas (F) from methanol.    USE - For manufacturing methane rich gas from methanol (claimed) used in field of energy converter utilizing reformed gas or methane rich gas as fuel or raw material and chemical processing plant.    ADVANTAGE - Methane rich gas is produced at reduced installation cost by simultaneously performing modification and methanation of methanol in same reactor. The apparatus manufactures stable methane rich gas with suppressed influence on environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nickel-type catalyst is packed in shellside of vertical shell and tube heat exchanger. Liquid methanol is supplied and raised from bottom portion of tubeside of the reactor, in which vaporization and modification of methanol is performed simultaneously. A portion of reaction heat (generated during vaporization of methanol) is removed from reactor. A mixed vapor of water vapor and methanol vapor is made to flow through the catalyst packed portion for methanation and to obtain the methane rich gas from methanol.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the apparatus for manufacture of methane rich gas from methanol.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of a system producing methane rich gas from methanol.    Reactor (26)    Water vapor (B)    Methane rich gas (F)    Liquid methanol (G)    Methanol vapor (G')
NOVELTY - The anaerobic digestive fermentation gas is refined and desulfurized to remove sulfur compound. The desulfurized gas is compressed, and the cold water produced is ejected. The gas is contacted with adsorption agent which adsorbs and desorbs water vapor. Further, gas is supplied into dehumidification process to remove water vapor remaining at predetermined level, and the gas is purified.    USE - For purifying anaerobic digestive fermentation gas as fuel for electric power generation (claimed) such as micro gas turbine, from sewage sludge, livestock farming excrements and garbage refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to purify anaerobic digestive fermentation gas containing sulfur compound impurities and recover 100% methane gas, and prevents corroding of metal pipes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The anaerobic digestive fermentation gas containing methane, carbon dioxide, sulfur compound and water vapor, is refined and desulfurized to remove sulfur compound. The desulfurized gas is compressed, and the cold water produced is ejected. The gas is introduced into an adsorption tower filled with adsorption agent which performs adsorption and desorption of water vapor by pressure-swing adsorption method. Further, gas is supplied into dehumidification process to remove water vapor remaining at a predetermined level, and the gas is purified. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) anaerobic digestive fermentation gas purification system; and    (2) electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the anaerobic digestive fermentation gas purification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    desulfurizing tower (1)    source gas inlet (1a)    refined gas outlet (1b)    humidification unit (3)    recycle line (4)    adsorption towers (30, 31)
NOVELTY - An organometallic complex has specific two-dimensional lattice structure (I) as a repeating unit. The lattice structure consists of a metal atom and a ligand having porphyrin structure coordinated to the metal atom.    USE - For gas occlusion substance (claimed) and as catalyst material for gaseous-phase oxidation.    ADVANTAGE - The organometallic complex has gas occlusion ability and high industrial value. The manufacturing method is economic and easy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organometallic complex has two-dimensional lattice structure of formula (I) as a repeating unit. The lattice structure consists of a metal atom and a ligand having porphyrin structure coordinated to the metal atom.    Y = metal atom; and    X = ligand having porphyrin structure.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of organometallic complex; and    (2) gas occlusion substance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas occlusion curve of the organometallic complex. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A nozzle (4) discharges liquid fuel at the rate of 5 cm/second or more, inside a bottom-sealed casing (1) of a burner. A heater (2) heats and vaporizes the fuel. A mixing chamber mixes fuel vapors with air supplied from inlet (6), and forms air-fuel mixture. A burner disc (7) which closes the upper opening of the mixing chamber, burns the air-fuel mixture, and forms a flame at the upper surface.    USE - For producing heat for utilization by reformer of fuel cell used for electricity generation, which reforms raw material comprising liquid fuel and water, to produce hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel is discharged at a preset rate, fuel is discharged stably and continuously into the casing. Hence prevents that the fuel concentration in the air-fuel mixture becomes non-uniform, in low combustion state and in high combustion state. Hence enables stable combustion. Enables forming the flame at the whole surface of the burner, in low/high combustion states.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical flame-holding tube is vertically installed in the casing, at the periphery of the burner disc, above the disc, so as to conduct the heat of the flame, to the casing. The disc is made of cloth or nonwoven fabric comprising metal fibers. The amount of combustion of the fuel per unit area of the burner disc, is 100-2500 KW/m2. A funnel-shaped diffusion tube installed vertically below the disc, diffuses the air-fuel mixture produced in the mixing chamber, to the entire lower surface of the disc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a burner.    casing (1)    heater (2)    nozzle (4)    inlet (6)    burner disc (7)
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide-containing waste gas emitted from fuel cell (10) is heated at 1000-1200degreesC, and a shift reaction is carried to convert carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide is cooled, and oxidation-reduction is carried to produce carbon.    USE - The method is useful for separating and fixing carbon dioxide from waste gas ejected from fuel cell, methane gas obtained by anaerobic fermentation, town gas, liquefied petroleum gas and organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the fixation of carbon dioxide and remove high purity carbon containing impurity from carbon dioxide-containing waste gas ejected from fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbon dioxide immobilization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbon dioxide immobilization apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Temperature-rise device (11)    Shift reaction device (12)    Cooler (13)    Carbon precipitate-separator (14)    Waste gas processing and exhaust heat collection installation (15)
NOVELTY - A snow melting agent comprises decomposed liquid of a foodstuffs waste material.    USE - As snow melting agent.    ADVANTAGE - The agent has excellent safety, sustainability, preservability, snow melting and ice-melting effect. The agent is non-corrosive with respect to metals and concretes. The unpleasant smell of the foodstuffs waste material is effectively masked by the agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) preparation of decomposed product of foodstuffs waste material, which involves adding 0.5-5 mass parts of water to crushed material of foodstuffs, inoculating Thermophilus microorganisms at 40-95degreesC under aerobic condition, decomposing and concentrating the obtained decomposed liquid; and    (2) decomposing foodstuffs waste material, which involves adding 0.5-5 mass parts of water to crushed material of foodstuffs, inoculating Thermophilus actinomyces at 45-65degreesC under aerobic condition and then decomposing.
NOVELTY - A rotary shaft (13) operated by a motor (14), is held horizontally in the fermentation treatment tank (2) having curved bottom. A stirring paddle (16) and several fixable blades (20) which crushes organic waste, is attached to the shaft and arranged at required inside region of the tank.    USE - The treatment tank is useful for the fermentation treatment of organic refuse e.g. paper-diaper cover, paper-diaper storage container.    ADVANTAGE - By the arrangement of the several blades in engagement with stirring paddle, fermentation is carried out smoothly at specific portion of the treatment tank. The tank provides a simple structure, increases crushing time and shortens fermentation time. Maintenance of the treatment tank is made easy. The tank enables the operator to operate safely and hygienically, due to the structure of the tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The stirring paddle attached with the blades are fixed to the curved bottom of the tank. The fixed blades makes angle of 45degrees with the axial center of the rotary shaft. The stirring paddle has two vertical blades (15a,15b) with gap inbetween and the free ends of the vertical blades reaches the side surfaces of the tank. The rotary tank is operated in both direction alternatively.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the fermentation processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially broken perspective view of the fermentation treatment tank.    Organic refuse processing apparatus (1)    Treatment tank (2)    Rotary shaft (13)    Motor (14)    Vertical blades (15a,15b)    Stirring paddle (16)    Fixable blade (20)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon composition comprises ethane, propane, isobutane, normal butane, isopentane, and normal pentane.    USE - The hydrocarbon composition is useful as a washing agent for computer, mother board, hard disc, etc., and as a refrigerant packed in air conditioner, refrigerator.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon composition is excellent in safety. Since the composition balance does not collapse even when part of the composition leaks out of system, only that part of the composition that had leaked out of the system has to be replenished. Thus the composition has excellent economical efficiency. The composition does not destroy the ozone layer and thus helps in environmental conservation. The composition has excellent compatibility with refrigerating machine or lubricant. The composition also has high cooling efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) refrigerant consisting of hydrocarbon composition; and    (2) washing agent consisting of hydrocarbon composition.
NOVELTY - A pair of hydraulic units (20,21) are arranged to pressurize hydrogen gas generated in a solid polymer-type water electrolyzer (1). The oxygen is generated in an anode and the hydrogen is generated in a cathode of the electrolyzer using a solid polymer film.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to hydrogen station for fuel cells, for use during manufacturing of semiconductor, ammonia and methanol, using solid polymeric electrolysis film.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to manufacture super-high pressure hydrogen gas, by increasing the pressure of the hydrogen gas using the hydraulic units.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen supply apparatus.    water electrolyzer (1)    hydrogen line (6)    buffer tanks (17,18)    hydraulic units (20,21)    super-high-pressure hydrogen tank (26)
NOVELTY - Methane fermentation of organic waste, is performed using cylindrical or plate shaped immovable microorganism (40) retained by a non-woven fabric made carrier. Hydrophilic treatment of the carrier having methane containing microbe as main constituent, is performed using ozone gas. The mechanically stirred organic waste is treated using gas produced during methane fermentation process.    USE - Methane fermentation method of organic waste e.g. residue obtained by processing food in restaurant, home and food processing industry and surplus sludge ejected from activated sludge treatment process.    ADVANTAGE - Increases capacity of the methane fermentation apparatus, as it uses immovable microorganism. Organic waste with high solid substance concentration, is stably treated using a compact apparatus which reduces the amount of residue obtained by methane fermentation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fixed bed type methane fermentation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective views of cylindrical shaped microorganism packed treatment tank and plate shaped microorganism packed tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane fermentation tank (34)    gas storage device (35)    gas cylinder (37)    fixed filter bed (40)    microorganism (43)
NOVELTY - A recirculation device (9) recirculates gas discharged from a combustor (3), through a recirculation passage (4) and a reformer (1), and a supply device (17) supplies fuel and water/air to the reformer. A controller (15) controls supply device to stop fuel and water/air supplied to the reformer, and recirculation device to recirculate the discharged gas, in stop mode of the fuel cell system.    USE - Fuel cell system e.g. for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction in catalytic performance of the reformer after the fuel cell system is shut down without needing a device for supplying hydrogen or nitrogen to purge the reformer since the recirculated gas has moisture removed to prevent liquid water from adhering to the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for control method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    reformer (1)    combustor (3)    recirculation passage (4)    recirculation device (9)    discharge valve (10)    circulation control valve (11)    supply device (17)    passages (41,42)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen supply station (9), and a mobile hydrogen production system.    USE - The invention is used for, e.g. fuel cell powered automobile, and for distributed fuel cell equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not require large installation space, and does not require high technology in maintenance and operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen supply station and a hydrogen production vehicle.    Hydrogen production unit (2)    Membrane reformer (3)    Hydrogen compressor (4)    Hydrogen tank (5)    Carbon dioxide solvent tank (6)    Material tank (7)    Hydrogen supply station (9)    Boiler (20)
NOVELTY - Process for operating a device for producing hydrogen involves adding water to a heat exchanger (2) via a regulating valve (4) connected to a regulating unit (5). The regulating unit operates the valve depending on the reformer product temperature determined by a temperature sensor (6) between the heat exchanger and a catalyst stage (3) and under the influence of the S/C ratio.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The novel process uses a simple regulating mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for operating a device for producing hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the above device for producing hydrogen.    heat exchanger (2)    catalyst stage (3)    regulating valve (4)    regulating unit (5)    temperature sensor (6)
NOVELTY - Catalyst comprises a multilayered catalyst composition (2) applied onto a support body (1) and consisting of a lower catalyst layer (3) directly lying on the support body and an upper catalyst layer (4) lying on the lower catalyst layer. The lower catalyst layer catalyzes preferably partial oxidation and the upper catalyst layer preferably steam reforming.    USE - Used in the autothermal steam reforming of hydrocarbons in reformers for fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst and process are suitable for use in the on-board production of hydrogen for mobile fuel cell systems and also for use in compact reformers for stationary fuel cell systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) process for autothermal catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons; and    (2) reformer containing the above catalyst for catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen for fuel cell systems.    Preferred Features: The lower catalyst layer contains 0.1-5 wt.% platinum and the upper catalyst layer contains 0.1-5 wt.% rhodium, referred to their total weight.    The catalyst layers contain precious metals, rare earth metals, and base metals of the subgroups as further catalytically active components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a possible construction of the catalyst.    support body (1)    catalyst composition (2)    lower catalyst layer (3)    upper catalyst layer (4)
NOVELTY - Preparation of catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, comprises forming an impregnated support material; drying the impregnated support material; and forming the catalyst by dispersing a precious metal or a mixture of precious metals on the impregnated support material.    USE - For preparing a catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, useful for operating a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process increases both the conversion rate and selectivity of a catalyst for preferential oxidation purposes to annihilate the carbon monoxide content in the feed for a fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, comprises forming an impregnated support material by impregnating a metal oxide or a mixture of metal oxides with a soluble earth metal compound or with a soluble mixture of rare earth metal compounds; drying the impregnated support material; and forming the catalyst by dispersing a precious metal or a mixture of precious metals on the impregnated support material.
NOVELTY - Removing a sulfur-deficient fuel fraction from fuel on board a vehicle comprises using thermal distillation.    USE - Used in a gas generating unit of a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Sulfur components in the fuel can be effectively removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a device for carrying out the process;    (2) a ship or airplane containing the device; and    (3) a stationary current supply unit containing the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.    fuel cell system (1)    gas generating unit (2)    fuel tank (4)    conveying pump (5)    heat exchanger (7)
NOVELTY - A method for producing synthetic hydrocarbons (I) by oligomerization of 8-30C 1-olefins with boron trifluoride and protic activator(s) (A1) involves reaction in presence of (a) complex-forming aprotic organic compounds (A2) with O and/or N atom(s) and/or (b) 1-6C chlorohydrocarbons with 1, 2 or 3 Cl atoms, with a mol ratio of (BF3):(A1 + A2) = (0.8:1)-(4:1).    USE - Synthetic hydrocarbons obtained by this method are used, e.g. as base oils in partly or completely synthetic engine oils.    ADVANTAGE - Enables the production of synthetic hydrocarbons by oligomerization of 1-olefins with a low consumption of boron trifluoride catalyst. The method is also suitable for the production of hydrocarbons of viscosity class 4-5 mm2/sec (PAO4 to PAO5) without distillation of the product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for synthetic hydrocarbons (I) obtained by this method.
NOVELTY - The composition of alcohol base liquid fuel includes 50 portions of 99.9% methyl alcohol and 10 portions of 95% butyl alcohol as main burning agent, 10 portions of 98% ethyl alcohol as dispersing agent, 10 portions of industrial glycerine as solidifying agent, 1.5 portions of potassium permanganate as oxygenation agent, 0.8 portion of isobutyl alcohol as cosolvent, 0.5 portion of nonane, 0.5 portion of cyclohexane, 1 portion of n-octane, 1 portion of ethane as boiling point and flashing point regulating agent, 1.2 portions of triethanolamine as anticorrosive and carbon deposition resisting agent, 2.5 portions of rose essence and 1 portion of lavender oil as small-regulating agent and 10 portions of combustion promoter. Said invention also provides its preparation method.
NOVELTY - A deodorant used in preparing compost from organic solid waste comprising chitosan (0.2-1.2 %), acetic acid (1-6 %), perfume (0.01-0.03 %) and water (93-98 %), which is proportionally diluted, to form a spray that can quickly adsorb and eliminate odor, is new.
NOVELTY - Waste plastic is processed by grinding waste plastic, mixing ground material and oil, and utilizing mixture of liquid fuel.    USE - For use as fuel in power generation equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective usage of waste plastic, has high thermal efficiency and produces less toxic substance during processing of waste plastic. The waste plastic fuel is easy to handle and transport.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) waste plastic processing apparatus (10);    (2) power generation equipment utilizing the treated substance of waste plastic as fuel; and    (3) liquid fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of processing apparatus of waste plastic. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    waste plastic processing apparatus (10)    grinder (20)    mixer (21)
NOVELTY - Metabolic degradation of Ochratoxin A into non-toxic compound involves applying yeast from Trichosporon mucoides, Areobasidium pullulans, Rhodotorula glutinis or Pichia guilliermondii.    USE - For metabolic degradation of Ochratoxin A into a non-toxic compound, e.g. Ochratoxin alpha (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invented method prevents, destructs, inhibits or controls the presence of Ochratoxin A in food.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph indicating the degradation of Ochratoxin A.
NOVELTY - The conversion of sludges and carbonaceous materials comprises heating material to be converted in the heating zone of a reactor in the absence of oxygen for volatilization of oil producing vapors, thus producing a vapor product and a solid residue or char; contacting the vapor product and char in a reaction zone at a determined weight hour space velocity to promote vapor-phase catalytic reactions; and removing and separating gaseous products and char from the reactor.    USE - Used for the conversion of sludges and carbonaceous materials (claimed) to produce an oil product.    ADVANTAGE - The process allows adequate mixing of a solid product and thus provides an acceptable WHSV when compared with the process and apparatus of the prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for the conversion of sludges and carbonaceous materials, comprising a reactor having a heating zone and a reaction zone and a conveyor for conveying the material through both zones of the reactor in turn, the heating zone having a material inlet and the reaction zone having a material outlet and a gaseous product outlet, where there is further provided a weir for retaining the material within the reactor such that a desired weight hour space velocity (WHSV) for the material is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram describing a process for the conversion of sludges and carbonaceous materials.
NOVELTY - A vertical container (1) has a charging opening (2) in upper portion for organic waste and a discharging opening (3) in lower portion for heat-treated substance. The heat transmission boards (4) are provided in the container in a multi-stepped manner. A moving unit moves the substance from charging opening to discharging opening in the container.    USE - The apparatus is useful for producing matured composite substance.    ADVANTAGE - The composite substance can be continuously produced by heating and drying the substrate to be treated in the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for composite substrate producing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view explaining the composite substance producing process.    Vertical container (1)    Charging opening (2)    Discharging opening (3)    Heat transmission boards (4)    Raw material (A)    Discharge gas (B)    Product (c)
NOVELTY - Removal of solid carbon dioxide from cryogenic equipment includes introducing ethane-containing stream to cryogenic equipment to convert solid carbon dioxide to liquid form, forming a mixture of liquid ethane and liquid carbon dioxide; and removing the mixture from the cryogenic equipment.    USE - For removing solid carbon dioxide from cryogenic equipment used in LNG production.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method effectively cleans the cryogenic equipment.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas generation comprises decomposing a metal hydride in a mixed system of a metal hydride, water, and another liquid whose pH is less than the aqueous solution of the metal hydride.    USE - Used to produce hydrogen for use in energy conversion systems for use as a power source in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of hydrogen generation evening the absence of a catalyst, is enhanced, and reliability on repeated and long term use is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal hydride is Az(1-x)Bzx(BHy) (I).    A and B = different atoms selected from Group 1A, Group 2A and 2B;    y = between 3 and 6;    x = 0-1;    z = between 0-3.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A hydrogen manufacture device having a first part which stores an aqueous solution of the metal hydride, a second storage part which stores the liquid whose pH is smaller than the metal hydride aqueous solution, and a reaction part which produces hydrogen gas by mixing the solution and the liquid;    (2) An energy conversion system composed by the hydrogen manufacture device and an energy conversion system where the hydrogen produced is converted to electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a hydrogen gas generation device. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Hydrogen manufacture device (1)    First storage part (2)    Second storage part (3)    Reaction section (4)    Alkali aqueous solution (5)    Acidic aqueous solution (5')    Outer container (6)    Material (7)    Material (7')    Regulator (8)    Pressure sensor (9)    Control section (10)    Safety valve (11)    Safety valve (11')    Waste liquid storage section (12)    Non-return valve (13)    Fuel cell (14)
NOVELTY - A variant cellobiohydrolase (CBH) I cellulase from Hypocrea jecorina, is new.    USE - The variant CBH I is useful as a detergent or feed additive for treating wood pulp or converting biomass to sugar (claimed). The enzyme is also discloses as being potentially useful in the production of biofuels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A variant cellobiohydrolase (CBH) I cellulase from Hypocrea jecorina comprises a substitution or deletion at a position corresponding to one or more of residues S8, Q17, G22, T41, N49, S57, N64, A68, A77, N89, S92, N1Q3, A112, S113, E193, S196, M213, L225, T226, P227, T246, D249, R251, Y252, T255, D257, D259, S278, S279, K286, L288, E295, T296, S297, A299, N301, E325, T332, F338, S342, F352, T356, Y371, T380, Y381, V393, R394, S398, V403, S411, G430, G440, T445, T462, T484, Q487, and P491 in CBH I.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a nucleic acid encoding the CBH I variant;    (2) a vector comprising the nucleic acid;    (3) a host cell transformed with the vector;    (4) producing the CBH I variant by culturing the host cell in a suitable culture medium under conditions to produce CBH I variant, and obtaining the CBH I variant produced;    (5) a detergent composition comprising a surfactant and the CBH I variant;    (6) a feed additive comprising the CBH I variant;    (7) treating wood pulp by contacting the wood pulp with a CBH I variant; and    (8) converting biomass to sugars by contacting the biomass with a CBH I variant.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly (10) comprises housing (80) defining bypass flow channel(s) (110); and fuel cell stack(s) disposed within the housing and defining direct flow channel(s). The fuel cell stack comprises at least one fuel cell, and the direct flow channel is configured to be in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet (100) of housing. A control system is configured to control oxidant flow from inlet to direct and bypass flow channels.    USE - For power generation and for thermal management of fuel cells, such as solid oxide fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell assembly provides controlled and adjustable cooling means, which can follow the thermal response of the stack to changing power output demand.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell assembly comprises a housing having an inlet and an outlet and defining at least one bypass flow channel. The bypass flow channel is configured to be in fluid communication with the inlet. The inlet and outlet are configured to provide fluid communication to and from the housing, respectively. At least one fuel cell stack (220) is disposed within the housing and defines at least one direct flow channel (230). The fuel cell stack comprises at least one fuel cell (50), and the direct flow channel is configured to be in fluid communication with the inlet and outlet. A control system is configured to control oxidant flow from the inlet to the direct and bypass flow channels. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for controlling thermal environment of fuel cell stack, comprising apportioning an oxidant flow between the direct and bypass flow channels.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell assembly.    Fuel cell assembly (10)    Fuel cell (50)    Housing (80)    Outlet (100)    Bypass flow channel (110)    Fuel cell stack (220)    Direct flow channel (230)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell power plant includes a shift catalyst of an active metal and a fuel processing system (FPS) having a guard bed for protecting active metal shift catalyst of a reactor. The guard bed is positioned upstream of the active metal catalyst of the reactor and has a guard material for adsorbing sulfur from a fuel stream.    USE - For producing electricity from hydrocarbon fuel source.    ADVANTAGE - The improved FPS of the plant provides effectively and economically removes or reduces low, objectionable levels of sulfur from the hydrocarbon fuel process stream for a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell power plant comprises a fuel cell stack assembly (CSA) having an anode, and an FPS for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock fuel to a hydrogen-rich fuel stream for the anode. The FPS has shift reactor(s) with a shift catalyst for converting carbon monoxide in the fuel stream to carbon dioxide and increasing the yield of hydrogen. The shift catalyst comprises an active metal. The FPS has a guard bed for protecting the active metal shift catalyst and a guard material for adsorbing sulfur from the fuel stream.
NOVELTY - Provided is a bio filter system for controlling odor and VOCs, the system being capable of adjusting temperature and humidity of media and supplying nutrient to media so as for microorganism to be multiplied under optimum condition, and being capable of preventing pores of media from being clogged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The system comprises a polluted air inlet (10), a fan (20) connected to the air inlet (10) for sucking the polluted air in, a temperature control unit (30) for controlling temperature of the polluted air, a humidity control unit (40) being comprised of a water tank (41), a first circulation pipe (42) for circulating the water, and a sprayer (43) for spraying the circulated water, for controlling humidity of the polluted air, a storage unit (50) being comprised of a nutrient tank (51) for storing nutrient needed for growing microorganism, and a buffer solution tank (52) for storing acidic and alkali chemicals needed for removing biomass, and a filter reaction tower (60) being comprised of a plurality of media (61,62) to which microorganism to eliminate odor and VOCs is fixed, a second circulation pump (63) for circulating nutrient and acidic and alkali chemicals, and a distributor (64) for distributing the nutrient and acidic and alkali chemicals onto the media (61,62).
NOVELTY - A classifier (14) is provided to classify granulated entrapment fixation carrier (26) according to its size.    USE - The apparatus is useful for manufacturing entrapment fixation carrier used in waste water treatment.    ADVANTAGE - Entrapment fixation carrier of uniform size, is manufactured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the entrapment fixation carrier manufacturing apparatus.    Granulator (12)    Classifier (14)    Extruder (16)    Carrier (26)    Sieves (42,52,62)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse is supplied sequentially into stirring tank, grinding and classification apparatus and processing apparatus where decomposition of refuse, is performed using microorganisms, during stoppage and running condition of treatment vehicle. The unprocessed substance is made to undergo anaerobic fermentation with wooden chips and then supplied to farmland where it is stirred to contact soil microbes.    USE - The method is useful for processing organic refuse ejected from supermarket, restaurant, home, hotel and foodstuff processing facility.    ADVANTAGE - Processing of organic refuse, is performed inexpensively and is disposed on farm land using the treatment vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic refuse and packed organic refuse, are collected from various fields and supplied into the vehicle mounted stirring tank. The refuse is ground with wooden chips in the grinding and classification apparatus. The residual substance with wooden chips, are removed during exchange of new wooden chips. The package separated from the organic refuse, is decomposed in an incinerator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view explaining the processing method of organic refuse. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Turbulent flow is produced in a process liquid with liquid component having specific biological oxygen demand, and to which biological sludge, oxygen, ozone, or hydrogen peroxide, has been added, and the process liquid is stirred, so that oxygen mixing amount with respect to the liquid, becomes 20% or more.    USE - The method is useful for performing bulk reduction of sludge obtained by performing biological treatment of organic waste waters such as sewage and waste water obtained from manufacturing process.    ADVANTAGE - Performs bulk reduction of sludge, efficiently, and reduces energy consumption rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bulk reduction apparatus for sludge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a sludge disposal unit.    Sludge disposal unit (1)    Container (11)    Support (13)    Porous board (15)    Reactor (20)
NOVELTY - Alcohol or organic acid manufacturing comprises that a waste building material is pretreated by steaming before hydrolyzing the waste materials in a saccharification process where saccharide is generated, so as to generate alcohol or organic acid by fermentation of saccharide.    USE - For manufacturing alcohol such as ethanol or organic acid using waste building materials.    ADVANTAGE - By performing pretreatment of waste building materials with steam, saccharides of sufficient yield is obtained. Ethanol and organic acid are manufactured efficiently by fermentation of the saccharide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Promotion of hydrolysis reaction is performed by removing elements chosen from adhesive agent, coating material, preservative, dye stuff and bleaching agent from waste materials. Promotion of hydrolysis reaction is performed to increase moisture in the waste materials. In the steaming process, steaming is performed using warm water or ethanol aqueous solution. The temperature and pH of the warm water or ethanol aqueous solution are 80-160degreesC and 5-10 respectively. The steam is exposed to more than atmospheric pressure. The moisture content of the waste materials is adjusted to 50-80%. The fermentation product in fermentation process is ethanol or lactic acid.
NOVELTY - A Stirling engine is driven to condense sunlight and to obtain heat energy. The heat energy decomposes water by driving a generator to produce electricity. Subsequently, hydrogen is produced using the acquired electricity.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogen used for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is manufactured efficiently using solar energy. Pure hydrogen, free from impurities such as carbon monoxide, is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell utilizing the hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen membrane separator (16) is provided with perforated pipes (16a) arranged adjacently and compactly so that the flow of reformed gas around it serves as turbulent flow. The separator separates the hydrogen from the reformed gas.    USE - Manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Provides easy packing and extracting of catalyst used for hydrogen manufacturing. Raises the gas flow rate of hydrogen separation unit while preventing damage of the expensive hydrogen separation unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (12)    blower (13a)    transformer (14)    hydrogen separator (16)    pipe (16a)
NOVELTY - The catalytic reduction removal catalyst contains silica containing iridium or rhodium metal (in wt.%) (0.05-30), and at least one type of metal (0.05-5) chosen from groups Ia, IIa and IIb. The catalyst uses a reducer in an oxidizing atmosphere containing sulfur dioxide and 1% or more of oxygen.    USE - For reducing and removing nitrogen oxide in waste gas emitted from diesel engines, lean burn gasoline engines, combustors, and internal combustion engines of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic reduction removal catalyst efficiently reduces and removes nitrogen oxide in waste gas. The catalyst has a high industrial value.
NOVELTY - A liquid holding element distributed along the outer surface of a hollow cylinder is supplied with hydrocarbon gas of original fuel which flows in contact with the aperture of liquid holding element between hollow cylinder and outer cylinder (3).    USE - Used as a reformation steam generator of fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - Stable generation of reformed gas with uniform composition is obtained as pulsation due to partial obstruction of non-evaporated water is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid holding element comprises a strip-shaped metal plate which is wound with foam metal (4).The combustion exhaust gas emitted from the burner of a modifier is the heating medium that flows along the inner face of the hollow cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reformation steam generator.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Inner cylinder (1)    Outer cylinder (2)    Intermediate tube (3)    Foam metal (4)    Original supply port (9)
NOVELTY - A reaction container (20) provided with metal, receives water from a water storage tank (10). The metal in the container reacts with the water to produce hydrogen. A return pipe (22) between the container and tank, supplies hydrogen and unreacted water from container to tank. A discharge pipe (14) in the tank, ejects the water and hydrogen.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is efficiently produced without producing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heater (21) and a vaporizer are arranged to heat the reaction container and evaporate the water supplied to the container, respectively. The oxidized metal in the container is restored by supplying restoration gas to the container from a supply pipe (23). A heat exchanger exchanges heat between the supply pipe and the return pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    tank (10)    discharge pipe (14)    temperature control unit (15)    reaction container (20)    heater (21)    return pipe (22)    supply pipe (23)
NOVELTY - Several injectors (37) are arranged in a lower portion of an inner tank (5), to spray water in a cooling space (6) which is formed between the inner and outer tanks (5,7) for cooling the magnesium (Mg)-type occlusion alloy. The boiling point of water is lower than that of the hydrogen occlusion alloy.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen occlusion alloy is cooled efficiently and the hydrogen-filling factor is improved, by circulating water. Enables to shorten hydrogen injection time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inner tank of the hydrogen storage tank (1) has magnesium (Mg)-type alloy that generates heat by occluding hydrogen. The water is injected for cooling the magnesium (Mg)-type occlusion alloy, when the inner tank temperature reaches the hydrogen-occlusion material temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen storage tank (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage tank (1)    inner tank (5)    space (6)    outer tank (7)    injectors (37)
NOVELTY - The pyrolysis gas (21) containing combustible gas is generated by thermally decomposing a combustible waste material (11). Water vapor (30a) and heat required for modification are supplied directly with combustion gas (27) from the burner (24), to modify the tar and soot contained in the pyrolysis gas to carbon monoxide and hydrogen.    USE - For modification of pyrolysis gas generated by thermal decomposition of combustible waste material e.g. sawdust, waste wire and waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The method completely modifies the tar and soot in the pyrolysis gas, economically and uses decreased amount of fuel in the burner. The method is performed using a simple apparatus. The method provides easy replenishment of water vapor required for modification, and controls the combustion temperature to an optimal level. The modified gas has high quality and large utility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of modification installation of pyrolysis gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification apparatus (10)    combustible waste material (11)    pyrolysis gas (21)    burner (24)    combustion gas (27)    water vapor (30a)    modified gas (32)
NOVELTY - The ratio for mixed supply for extrusion molding of the used paper and waste plastic is carried out, corresponding to heat energy released from the used paper and waste plastic crushing pieces.    USE - For manufacturing refuse paper and plastic fuel (RPF) used for kiln for cement baking processing, blast furnace, boiler and drying machine.    ADVANTAGE - Releases heat energy uniformly and effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for refuse paper and plastic fuel (RPF) manufacturing equipment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the RPF manufacturing equipment.    feed conveyor (1)    crusher (2)    material detectors (3A,3B)    control panel (5)
NOVELTY - A styrene resin foam is obtained by extrusion foaming of styrene resin containing 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon(s) as foaming agent and tetrabromocyclooctane and/or dibromoethylcyclohexane as flame retardant.    USE - As heat-insulating material.    ADVANTAGE - The styrene resin foam has excellent flame retardant, thermal insulation property and stability. The foam manufactured easily, is eco-friendly in nature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of styrene resin foam.
NOVELTY - Degradable composite flame retardant sheet has resin coating layer on surface(s) of the base fabric containing a textile comprising polymeric-material fiber having biodegradability and/or photolysis property. The resin coating layer contains the polymeric material as main component and flame retardant organic type substance(s) comprising phosphorus and/or nitrogen and does not contain a halogen atom.    USE - As flame-resistant industrial material sheet which performs image e.g. photograph, illustration and character printing with the inkjet printer, mesh sheet, tarpaulin, canvas and leather.    ADVANTAGE - The waste material of the degradable composite flame retardant sheet is used as the fertilizer raw material for plant cultivation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for usage of waste material of degradable composite flame retardant sheet.
NOVELTY - A converter for solid waste and biomass into fuel gas has a reactor (1) with a diffuser (14) and air and waste inputs. A compensated depressurizer for the gasification circuit, and output air and gas coolers and a water-gas interchanger, supplement a meter (20) of the carbon dioxide in the gas and a safety torch (42).    USE - Used in the petroleum chemistry.
NOVELTY - A fermentation process produces biogas fuel from a thick highly viscous medium held in a cylindrical reactor (14) having a discharge gutter in the upper part of the reactor (14).    USE - Large-scale process and reactor assembly for the production of biogas fuel e.g. methane.    ADVANTAGE - The process maximizes effective mixing of the organic ingredients and removal of substances which hinder the fermentation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reactor chamber has a perforated inclined mixer plate (10) alternately rising and descending through the medium. On reaching the top of the reactor, gravity drives solid non-fermenting and floating substances resting on the plate towards a discharge gutter (15), causing their removal. The reactor has a number of approximate quarter-circle plates (10) linked by cables and pulleys. The plates are located in different sectors of the reactor. The discharge gutter has a cruciform platform. Also claimed is a commensurate biogas generator reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the assembly.    Mixer (10)    mixer (11)    fermentation reactor (14)    discharge cutter (15)    pulley wheel (19)    drum (20)    flap (22)    aperture (23)    cable (24)    organic medium (25)
NOVELTY - The device has a structure for distributing a combustion gas over its electrode surface adjacent to a cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (7). The surface of the structure facing the electrode (7A) is formed by a perforated film (1). The longitudinal axis (2a,2a') of at least one of the perforation holes (2,2') or through openings is inclined relative to the surface of the film.    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - Guarantees a good supply of material to the electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional representation of a cassette forming a solid oxide fuel cell    cathode-electrolyte-anode unit (7)    electrode (7A)    perforated film (1)    longitudinal axis (2a,2a')    perforation holes (2,2')
NOVELTY - The system contains a gas generator (6) with a reformer (7) fed with natural gas, propane, butane, petrol diesel oil or kerosene (8). It has a catalytic burner (15) and a starting burner (16) acting as a heater. The reformer is kept at a standby temperature of 400degreesC and is raised to 600degreesC for active use.    USE - Power generation plant using fuel reformer and stack of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel reformer can utilize wide variety of gaseous and liquid fuels and is designed for quick starting and maximum efficiency of hydrogen production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel and air are fed to a burner (13) to heat the reformer when starting the system. Gas from the reformer is fed via two high temperature shift stages (10,11) and control valves (9) to a membrane separator (12). The hydrogen passes through the membrane, and the carbon monoxide is returned to the catalytic burner to heat the reformer. The whole gas generator system is surrounded by heat insulation (20). Air (4) is fed to the cathode side (3) and hydrogen is fed (5) to the anode side (2) of the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the system.    Anode side of stack of fuel cells (2)    Cathode side of stack of fuel cells (3)    Air inlet to fuel cells (4)    Hydrogen feed to fuel cells (5)    Gas generator (6)    Reformer (7)    Raw fuel inlet (8)    Control valves (9)    High temperature shift stages (10,11)    Membrane separator (12)    Burner (13)    Catalytic burner (15)    Starting burner (16)    Heat insulation (20)
NOVELTY - A reactor for endothermic reactions of gaseous or gas-solid mixtures has heating block(s) filling the reactor cross-section which are electrically insulated from the reactor wall and optionally from one another, each block being provided with power connections and consisting of open-cell foam which heats up when a voltage is applied and transfers heat to the mixture.    USE - For the dehydrogenation of propane or ethylbenzene, the production of hydrocyanic acid by thermal cleavage of formamide, or the production of aniline and melamine, for thermal catalytic purification of waste gas, for continuous off-gas purification in phthalic anhydride production (preferably using a heat exchanger to recover heat from the off-gas, preferably for the production of steam which is used to generate electricity for heating up the reactor blocks), as a filter element for oil-fired plant with thermal cleaning, or as a reformer for the production of hydrogen, especially a fuel cell for use in cars (claimed). Also claimed is the use of at least partly open-cell ceramic foam (preferably with a total porosity of 55-99%, most preferably 75-90%) which heats up when a voltage is applied, for the production of heating blocks for the claimed reactor.    ADVANTAGE - A simple method for transferring heat direct to reaction centers, with a short heat conduction path and a large heat-transfer surface due to the large specific surface area of the foam. The cell structure of the foam ensures uniform, readily-controllable heat input to the fluid reaction mixture, with a high mass transfer surface and therefore good mass transfer with minimal loss of pressure. The high surface temperature of the foam minimizes the formation of deposits and it is also possible to burn off any deposits by briefly raising the temperature above that required for the endothermic reaction.
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring the gas drawn into the compressor's induction channel or the gas transport channel (8) before the gas inlet opening of the compressor (3) with a sensor (7) at a distance before the gas inlet opening of the compressor at a point at which the uneven gas flow caused by compressor operation is practically negligible in its effect on the operation of the compressor and hence of the fuel cell (2).    USE - For determining the mass of gas drawn into a fuel cell system by a compressor e.g. in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables measurement of the gas so that influences that can adversely affect fault-free operation of the fuel injection system have practically no effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - AN INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the following:    (a) an arrangement for determining the mass of gas drawn into a fuel cell system by a compressor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of an arrangement with a fuel cell system for generating electrical energy (Drawing includes non-English text)    fuel cell system (1)    fuel cell (2)    compressor (3)    channel (4)    electrical outputs (5)    fuel cell system control unit (6)    air mass sensor (7)    gas transport channel (8)    gas filter system (9)
NOVELTY - The microbial emulsion breaker is composed of (wt%) 10-25% of microbe, 25-50% of chemical demulsifier, 0.1-5% of inorganic salt and 25-50% of water. The utilization of said invented product can greatly reduce oil and water interfacial tension, and has the advantages of quick dewatering speed, lower dewatering temp. and low oil content in discharged sewage.
NOVELTY - High-energy cutting propane gas has an added additive accounting for 0.5-1 wt.%. The additive comprises potassium nitrate, 2-ethyl hexanol, 2-octanone, ethyl isobutatriene nitrate, p-isopropyl toluene and petroleum ether.    ADVANTAGE - The gas has a low cost, no pollution, very low backfire probability, wide environment applicability, high safety and high reliability. It has higher heat value than acetylene and stable flame and good cutting performance to steel plates of different thickness. It has a comprehensive effect which is improved over acetylene and is of lower cost than propylene.
NOVELTY - Water and carbon dioxide are removed from feed gas stream by contacting the feed gas stream with a composite adsorbent comprising silica and metal oxide to form a purified gas stream, and regenerating the adsorbent at 0-200 degrees C. The adsorbent contains at least 50 wt.% silica, has a specific area of at least 600 m2/g, and a total pore volume of at least 0.3 cm3/g.    USE - The process is for removing water and carbon dioxide from feed gas stream, e.g. air, synthesis gas, or natural gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent used can outperform pure alumina in the process where both water and carbon dioxide removal is required. It has 3 times the carbon dioxide capacity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the apparatus for carrying out the above process.    Compressor system (10)    inlet (12)    Inlet manifold (14)    Valve (16, 18)    Vessel (20, 22)    Vent (30)    Silencer (32)    Adsorbent bed (23, 34')    Upper portion (36, 36')    Outlet (38)    Outlet manifold (40)
NOVELTY - An odorization agent consists of one or more types of predetermined substances, and is added to hydrogen of the fuel cell.    USE - For hydrogen fuel of fuel cell especially solid polymeric type fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The odorization agent provides improved leakage security, is harmless and does not exert bad influence with respect to hydrogen of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An odorization agent is added to the hydrogen of fuel cell. The odorization agent consists of one or more types of substances chosen from 1-pentene, cis-2-pentene, trans-2-pentene, 2-methyl 1-butene, 3-methyl 1-butene, 2-methyl 2-butene, allene, methyl allene, ethylallene, 1,3-pentadiene, 2-methyl 1,3-butadiene, 2,3-dimethyl 1,3-butadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 1,6-heptadiene, 1,3,5-hexatriene, 1-butyne, 2-butyne, styrene, vinylacetylene, heptene, octene, nonene, decene, propylene, 1-butene, isobutene, trans-2-butene, cis-2-butene, 1,5-hexadiene 3-in, diisobutylene, 1-hexene, isoprene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,2-butadiene, cyclopentene, cyclopentadiene (dicyclopentane diene), 1,3-cyclohexadiene, 1,3-cycloheptadiene, 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, 4-vinyl cyclohexene-1, 1-vinyl cyclohexene-1, 5-ethylidene- 2-norbornene, 5-vinyl-2-norbornene, bicyclo pentadiene, cyclohexene, 1-methyl pyrrole, pyrazine, 2-methyl pyrazine, 2-methyl-3-isobutyl pyrazine, 2,3-dimethyl pyrazine, 2,5-dimethyl pyrazine, 2,6-dimethyl pyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethyl pyrazine, 2-ethyl pyrazine, 2-propyl pyrazine, 2-vinyl pyrazine, 2-allyl pyrazine, 2-picoline, alpha.p-dimethyl-styrene, cumene, 2,5-diethyl pyrazine, limonene, mesitylene, 2-methylnaphthalene, 3-methyl indole (skatole), myrcene and alpha-pinene.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure of polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC).    polymeric electrolyte film (1)    electrodes (2,3)    collector (4,5)    oxygen or air feed pipe (6)
NOVELTY - A natural gas-liquid plant has a separator to separate cooled low-pressure feed gas into a liquid portion pressure-reduced in a first pressure-reduction device to provide refrigeration for a first cooler, and a vapor portion cooled in a second cooler and pressure-reduced in a second pressure-reduction device before entering an absorber as lean absorber reflux. The absorber produces overhead product that provides refrigeration for second cooler.    USE - For producing ethane and/or propane.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive natural gas-liquid plant shows an ethane recovery of at least 85 mole% and a propane recovery of at least 99 mole%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A natural gas-liquid (NGL) plant comprises a separator (103) for separating cooled low-pressure feed gas (4) into liquid portion (8) and vapor portion (7). The liquid portion is reduced in pressure in a first pressure-reduction device to provide refrigeration for a first cooler that cools the low-pressure feed gas. Part of the vapor portion is cooled in a second cooler and reduced in pressure in a second pressure-reduction device before entering an absorber (108) as lean absorber reflux. The absorber produces an absorber overhead product that provides refrigeration for the second cooler and an absorber bottoms product that is fed into a demethanizer (110) as lean reflux.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the inventive NGL plant.    Cooled low-pressure feed gas (4)    Vapor portion (7)    Liquid portion (8)    Separator (103)    Hydraulic turbine (104)    Absorber (108)    Demethanizer (110)
NOVELTY - The inlet (30) and outlet (32) of a fuel delivery conduit, are connected to the fluid flow channels formed in the fluid flow field plates of anode and cathode of the fuel cell (10). A reaction chamber (35) is provided for performing a controlled combustion of the fuel and the oxidant species within the fuel delivery conduct.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidants particularly the oxygen remaining in the fuel supply stream of the fuel cell, is removed controllably and the fuel and/or oxidant gas stream is preconditioned to accelerate the hydration of the membrane electrode assembly towards optimum operating condition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) operating method of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the oxygen removal system.    fuel cell (10)    inlet (30)    outlet (32)    reaction chamber (35)    pump (37)    two-way valve (38)
NOVELTY - An autothermal reformer (10), for reforming a hydrocarbon fuel, comprises a housing (500, 510, 520) defining a reforming chamber, a fuel inlet (20), a steam inlet (40), and air inlets (24). All inlets are in fluid communication with the reforming chamber. One of the air inlets provides a volume of air to the reforming chamber during a start-up mode, and a second of the air inlets provides a volume of air to the reforming chamber during a normal operation mode.    USE - For reforming a hydrocarbon fuel (claimed), useful in a fuel cell system for mobile applications, e.g. electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system ensures a reduction in the mixing time and distribution volume needed, resulting in lower residence times at lower flows. The reduction in residence time at lower flows results in a wider operational range or turndown.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of reforming a hydrocarbon fuel in an autothermal reformer, including a thermal reforming zone and a catalytic reforming zone, which involves combusting an oxidizing gas from a first inlet and a hydrocarbon fuel from a second inlet in the thermal reforming zone, to heat the catalytic reforming zone to a light-off temperature; and mixing an oxidizing gas(es) introduced through a third inlet, and water and a hydrocarbon fuel from a fourth inlet after the catalyst reforming zone reaches the light-off temperature, and passing the mixture through the heated catalyst reforming zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of a multi-port autothermal reformer, as above.    Autothermal reformer (10)    Fuel inlet (20)    Air inlets (24)    Annular volume (26, 42)    Porous material (28, 44)    Swirler (30, 38)    Run air inlet (36)    Steam inlet (40)    Housing (500, 510, 520)
NOVELTY - The regulator has a gas supply input coupled to a mechanical primary stage (102) with a spring valve, and a primary stage output. The stage output is coupled to an electronic secondary stage (104) with a micromachined pressure regulator and another primary stage output. Mechanical and electronic regulator valves are utilized for mechanical primary stage and electronic secondary stage.    USE - Used for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The regulator reduces high-pressure fuel source to the precise low pressure required for the fuel cell without consuming more power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system coupled to a gas supply and an electrical load.    Mechanical primary stage (102)    Electronic secondary stage (104)    Fuel cell (202)    Gas supply (206)    Electrical load (208)
NOVELTY - An energy supply station comprises chemical converters positioned to receive fuel and for processing the fuel to form an output medium including carbon dioxide, a separation stage for separating a chemical component from the output medium, a collection element in fluid circuit with the separation stage for collecting the carbon dioxide, and a vehicle interface.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and electricity for subsequent delivery to a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The supply station is clean, and has high performance and low emission.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for co-producing hydrogen and electricity in a station from a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising co-producing hydrogen and electricity with chemical converters by processing the fuel to form an output medium having carbon dioxide, separating a chemical component from the output medium, and storing the hydrogen before being dispensed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram illustrating the process flow of the reactants and exhaust in a low emission energy supply station.
NOVELTY - The cartridge (15) has a liquid fuel storage section to store a liquid fuel for a fuel cell. The fuel cell generates electricity upon the receipt of the liquid fuel and creates liquid to be discharged, where the generated electricity runs a printer. The discharged liquid is stored in a discharged liquid storage section. The storage sections are separated by a flexible partition film.    USE - Cartridge used in a printer.    ADVANTAGE - The cartridge with a liquid fuel storage section and a discharged liquid storage section helps to perform the water processing and residual control in an easier manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a printer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cartridge storing inks and liquid fuels.    Ink cartridge (10)    Sensors (11c-15c)    Supplying slot (15a)    Receiving slot (15b)    F-cartridge (15)
NOVELTY - A surface-modified adsorbent is made by providing an adsorbent and a non-volatile organic compound to a vessel; adjusting temperature and/or pressure to provide supercritical conditions for a supercritical fluid; and introducing the supercritical fluid into the vessel, dissolving the non-volatile organic compound.    USE - For making a surface-modified adsorbent for use in smoking articles and cigarette filters (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method produces adsorbents that are effective and inexpensive, and remove selected components, e.g. acrolein, hydrogen cyanide, and acrylonitrile, from mainstream tobacco smoke, while maintaining other components, e.g. those that contribute to flavor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The supercritical fluid with the dissolved compound impregnates the adsorbent to form a surface-modified adsorbent.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a surface-modified adsorbent produced by the inventive process;    (b) a smoking article, a cigarette filter, and a cut filler composition comprising the surface-modified adsorbent;    (c) a method of making a cigarette filter, comprising incorporating the surface-modified adsorbent into a cigarette filter;    (d) a method of making a cigarette (2) by providing a cut filler to a cigarette making machine to form a tobacco rod (4), placing a paper wrapper (11) around the tobacco rod, providing a cigarette filter (8), and attaching the filter to the tobacco rod to form the cigarette; and    (e) a method of smoking the smoking article by lighting the cigarette to form a smoke and drawing the smoke through the cigarette.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partially exploded perspective view of a cigarette incorporating the surface-modified adsorbent.    Cigarette (2)    Tobacco rod (4)    Filter portion (6)    Cigarette filter (8)    Paper wrapper (11)
NOVELTY - Provided are a method and a device for drying food garbage, livestock excretion and a drainage waste, which prevents the air and seawater pollutions, produces high-quality compost, and reduces the energy consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises crushing and mixing the wastes by a screw(13,16) to produce a compost and a feed, wherein the method is characterized by comprising the steps of: introducing 40% of a food garbage, 30% of a livestock excretion and 30% of a drainage waste, crushing and mixing the materials; introducing 5-10% of an aqueous hardener to the mixture and mixing together; conveying and introducing the mixture by a belt conveyor(15) into a heater(16); and further crushing and mixing the mixture while the mixture is heated at 240-290 deg.C. The device(10) comprises a mixer(11) for crushing and mixing the wastes, a belt conveyor(15) and a heater(16), wherein the device is characterized by comprising: a thermo-catalytic chamber(20) formed on the body of the heater(16); a thermo-catalytic tank(21) connected to the thermo-catalytic chamber(20) and having a pump; a heating coil(22) formed on the outer circumference of the thermo-catalytic chamber(20); a gas tank(23) connected to a combustor(25) communicated with the inside of the heater(16) at one side thereof and disposed on one side of the heater(16) at the other side thereof.
NOVELTY - The methane-fermentation gas is desulfurized and supplied to lower portion of absorption tower (4). Then, absorption water is supplied from top of the absorption tower, and is made to contact with methane-fermentation gas such that gas components (e.g. carbon dioxide) are absorbed by the water. Finally, pure methane gas is removed from upper portion of tower. Thus, purification of methane-fermentation gas is carried out.    USE - The process is used for purifying methane-fermentation gas generated during methane fermentation of organic refuse, biomass and high concentration wastewater, and used as fuel for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The methane-fermentation gas is purified effectively and economically, with reduced usage-amount of absorption water. The diameter of the absorption tower used for purification of methane-fermentation gas is reduced. The pure methane gas obtained during purification of methane-fermentation gas, is effectively used as fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The methane-fermentation gas is desulfurized and supplied to the lower portion of absorption tower which is maintained under atmospheric pressure of 1 or more. Then, absorption water is supplied from top of the absorption tower, and is made to contact with the methane-fermentation gas such that gas components (e.g. carbon dioxide) in methane-fermentation gas are absorbed by the absorption water. Finally, pure methane gas is removed from upper portion of absorption tower. Thus, purification of methane-fermentation gas is carried out.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart for purification of methane-fermentation gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Desulfurization tower (1)    Gas holder (2)    Compressor (3)    Absorption tower (4)    Stripper (6)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizing agent contains nickel and/or copper supported on a carrier. The desulfurizing agent contains (in mass%) nickel oxide (60-70) and copper oxide (10-20) by oxide conversion, and 60% or more of supported nickel is metal nickel. The total amount of nickel and copper oxides is 76-87 mass% by oxide conversion. The desulfurizing agent contains 0.15 mmol/g or more of hydrogen absorption amount.    USE - For hydrocarbon used for manufacture of hydrogen (claimed) used in fuel cell used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizing agent has durability, and efficiently reduces the concentration of sulfur content contained in hydrocarbon. Hydrogen is efficiently manufactured using desulfurizing agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Method comprises subjecting reformed gas of carbon monoxide, to low and high temperature shift reaction processes using base metal catalyst and noble catalyst, respectively. The base metal type catalyst contains copper and zinc. The noble metal type catalyst contains metals selected from group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold.    USE - For performing water-gas-shift reaction of reformed gas used for    ADVANTAGE - The durability of the catalyst is improved, by distributing the heat produced by water gas shift reaction between the high and low temperature reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves subjecting reformed gas containing carbon monoxide, to low and high temperature shift reaction processes using base metal type catalyst and noble type catalyst, respectively. The base metal type catalyst contains copper and zinc as main component. The noble metal type catalyst contains metals selected from group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold. The base metal type catalyst is the catalyst which contains copper, zinc oxide and alumina, or the catalyst which contains copper and zinc metal ion. The Carbon monoxide concentration in the exit gas of low temperature shift reaction process, is reduced to 1.2 times of the geometrical mean value of the carbon monoxide concentration in the raw reformed gas.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    high temperature shift reaction device (9)    low temperature shift reaction device (10)    fuel cell (17)
NOVELTY - A membrane separator (12) modifies fuel and separates hydrogen containing gas from it. A carbon monoxide (CO) removal apparatus (14) removes CO gas from hydrogen containing gas. A dryer (16) removes water vapor from hydrogen containing gas, using dehumidification agent.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Produces hydrogen with high purity, using compact and cheap apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator (12) has a modifier (12a) with fuel modification catalyst and membrane separation container (12b). The apparatus (14) has a CO selective-oxidation apparatus (14a) with corresponding catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (10)    membrane separator (12)    modifier (12a)    membrane separation container (12b)    CO removal apparatus (14)    CO selective-oxidation apparatus (14a)    dryer (16)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus has a pair of gas introduction flow path (2,3) for introducing reformed gas mixed with carbon monoxide into a casing (4) at different angles.    USE - For fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables increasing the pressure of carbon monoxide removal reaction field easily, by introducing reformed gas at different angles. Thus the reaction rate is enlarged using simple structure, hence carbon monoxide removal according to driving load can be implemented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformed gas route (1)    Gas introduction flow paths (2,3)    Gasing (4)    Ejection gas channel (5)    Flow amount adjustment valve (6)    Computer unit (7)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying reducing gas produced by thermal decomposition of organic substance, is supplied towards the anode side (15) of an electrolytic bath (13). The oxygen ion reacts with the reducing gas, to produce concentration gradient of the oxygen ion so that electrolytic voltage required for decomposition is reduced.    USE - For manufacturing high purity hydrogen used for polyelectrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high purity hydrogen is easily produced using low power consumption. The structure of the manufacturing apparatus is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid oxide electrolyte type diaphragm (14) divides the electrolytic bath into the anode side and cathode side. The organic substance is the biomass of waste wood, organic refuse.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for high purity hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of the high purity hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    thermal decomposition furnace (1)    electrolytic bath (13)    diaphragm (14)    anode side (15)    cathode side (16)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a complex oxide of chromium and zirconium.    USE - Used for the oxidation of hydrocarbon in combustion exhaust gas which contains methane and oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation removal of hydrocarbon in waste gas is carried out economically. The catalyst has high methanoic acid formation property and high resistance w.r.t inhibition by sulfur oxide. Time dependent reduction in the catalyst property is restrained. The catalyst has high activity and maintains high hydrocarbon rejection rate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for oxidation removal of hydrocarbon from combustion exhaust gas, by contacting the exhaust gas with the above catalyst containing a complex oxide of chromium and zirconium, at 400-600degreesC.
NOVELTY - A combustor burns the hydrogen and air supplied from a high capacity fuel cell through low capacity fuel cell. A controller guides the combustion gas from the combustor to the low capacity fuel cell for generating electric power during starting condition.    USE - For generating electric power in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The startability of the low capacity fuel cell at low temperature, is improved by supplying combustion gas to low capacity fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell power generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Low capacity fuel cell (10a)    High capacity fuel cell (10b)    Combustor (20)    Heat exchanger (21)    Air compressor (40)
NOVELTY - A solid polymer-type water electrolyzer (20) electrolysis water uses a polymeric electrolyte film. A hydrogen gas-liquid separator (23) and an oxygen gas-liquid separator (25) are equipped to separate hydrogen and oxygen generated in the electrolyzer. A cooling medium is supplied through a supply port (18) to regulate temperature of exhaust heat generated during electrolysis reaction.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to hydrogen station for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Regulates temperature of the exhaust heat produced during electrolysis reaction, by supplying cooling medium. The failure of the electrolyte film due to increase in the temperature is prevented. Prevents leakage of gas from the water electrolyzer, even during fluctuation of internal pressure of the electrolyzer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid polymer-type water electrolyzer is arranged in a pressure vessel (21) and generates oxygen and hydrogen in an anode and a cathode respectively. A pressure control valve (44) is arranged in the center of a communicating tube (43) so as to regulate pressure inside the vessel. The communicating tube connects oxygen gas-liquid separator and gap in the upper portion of the vessel. The hydrogen gas separated by the gas-liquid separator (23) is utilized as a cooling medium.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of hydrogen supply apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Supply port (18)    Water electrolyzer (20)    Pressure vessel (21)    Hydrogen gas-liquid separator (23)    Oxygen gas-liquid separator (25)    Communicating tube (43)    Pressure control valve (44)
NOVELTY - A valve (3) which connects or interrupts supply of steam to a reactor (1) from a waste heat boiler (5) that feeds steam to a turbine (4) intermittently opens, when the pressure of steam from the boiler exceeds a preset limit. A reactive grain or carbon fed to the reactor from a feeder (2), is compressed by the shock wave generated by steam and made to react with the steam.    USE - For generating hydrogen from hydrogen-containing-gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture of reactive grain or carbon and steam is heated to a high temperature, while utilizing a portion of fluctuating water vapor pressure from the boiler effectively for compressing the reactive grain or carbon. The manufacture of hydrogen is performed efficiently, by the effective usage of surplus water vapor from the waste heat boiler.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for furnace system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the hydrogen generating plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (1)    reactive grain or carbon feeder (2)    shut-off valve (3)    turbine (4)    waste heat boiler (5)
NOVELTY - A processing chamber (1) decomposes an organic substance (D) such as organic refuse with a carrier of microorganisms. An optical sensor (70) is positioned outside the processing chamber and detects the moisture content of the goods stored in the processing chamber.    USE - For decomposition treatment of organic substances such as organic refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content of the goods stored in the processing chamber is detected without being influenced by the salt content or the temperature in the processing chamber, by positioning the sensor outside the chamber. The reduction in the infrared transmittance is prevented, by forming the processing chamber by non-color changing material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A processing chamber (1) decomposes an organic substance (D) such as organic refuse with a carrier of microorganisms. An optical sensor (70) is positioned outside the processing chamber and detects the moisture content of the goods stored in the processing chamber. The processing chamber is made of material having non-color changing property. The infrared transmittance of the material is at least30 %. The thickness of the processing chamber facing the optical sensor surface (71) is formed thin than the other surfaces.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the organic-substance processing equipment. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Processing chamber (1)    Optical moisture content sensor (70)    Sensor surface (71)    Stored goods (D).
NOVELTY - The method involves laminating separation layer (28), intermediate layer (24) and a support sheet (26) sequentially on a transparent layer (22), after performing activation process to the joining surfaces of all the layers.    USE - For manufacturing separation membrane laminated sheet used for components in hydrogen separation device for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces formation of alloy layer in the joint surface of the separation membrane laminated sheet, by performing activation process to the surfaces before laminating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method components using separation membrane laminated sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the separation membrane laminated sheet.    separation membrane (10)    transparent layer (22)    intermediate layer (24)    transparent layer (24)    support sheet (26)    separation layer (28)
NOVELTY - A styrene resin foam, is obtained by extrusion foaming of the styrene resin. The resin contains 3-5C saturated hydrocarbon as foaming agent and halogenated aromatic allyl ether and halogenated aliphatic compound or its derivative except halogenated cycloaliphatic compound as a flame retardant.    USE - For use as heat insulating material for construction.    ADVANTAGE - The resin foam has excellent flame retardant and thermal insulation properties. The foam is favorably compatible with environment    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of styrene resin foam.
NOVELTY - The gas sensor (1) protecting filter (4) has an adsorption film containing a mixture of water-soluble cationic polymer and salt-forming anionic compound.    USE - For protecting gas sensor elements (claimed) from atmospheric contaminants and also for detecting and assaying gas concentration in atmosphere.    ADVANTAGE - The filter effectively prevents collapse of adsorption film and response-speed fluctuation of sensor. The adsorption film in the filter has excellent air-permeability and is manufactured easily and economically. The filter enables stable and highly accurate functioning of sensor element for prolonged period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a gas sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of structure of sensor provided with filter.    sensor element (1)    case (2)    window (3)    filter (4)    sensor membrane (5)    lead wire (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves mixing wash water with thermolysis material produced by thermal decomposition of resin containing waste, at 150-200 degrees C and atmospheric pressure of 7-20, so that the inorganic chlorine in the thermolysis material is precipitated into water phase. The water phase and the oil phase are separated.    USE - For removing chlorine from thermolysis material of resin containing waste.    ADVANTAGE - The chlorine from thermolysis material of resin containing waste, is effectively removed. The wash water is easily heated using the heat of the cracked distillate obtained by thermal decomposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for chlorine removal apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the chlorine removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    feed pipe (11)    heat exchanger (12)    pump (13)    chlorine removal unit (16)
NOVELTY - The ion-exchange filter is obtained by performing hydrophilic surface treatment of a base material filter and drying. The base material filter is made from polyolefin or polyfluorolefin.    USE - For eliminating impurities in gas supplied to anode and cathode and for reducing impurities in a solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The ion-exchange filter is durable.
NOVELTY - A rotational-drive unit (23) centers the fermentation tank (1) on the axle line (A) on the mounting stand (22). A stirring blade (5) is centered on an axle line parallel to axle line (A) inside fermentation tank.    USE - The apparatus is useful for fermentation of organic waste e.g. sewer sludge, organic refuse, and foodstuffs residue.    ADVANTAGE - Improves durability of apparatus and ensures fermentation of organic waste highly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermentation tank lifts with a material opening (11), air supply opening (12), and an exhaust port (13). The material opening is formed at the surrounding surface which surrounds the axle line of fermentation tank in the horizontal direction. A rotation mounting stand (22) of a rotating apparatus (4) centers on the axle line and rotatably supports the fermentation tank. The rotational drive unit (23) centers the tank on axle line on the stand. A stirring blade is centered on the axle line parallel to axle line (A) inside the tank. The air supply opening and exhaust port are formed at the same direction as the axle line of tank. The rotary joints (15,17) are provided to connect the air supply opening and exhaust port to the external pipe.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic substance waste-material fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial side view of the rotary fermentation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fermentation tank (1)    Rotating apparatus (4)    Stirring blade (5)    Material opening (11)    Air supply opening (12)    Exhaust port (13)    Rotary joints (15,17)    Mounting stand (22)    Rotational drive unit (23)
NOVELTY - Producing a mowed-grass manure mixture useful for weeding, comprising fermentation of mowed-grass discarded food and timber, is new.    USE - The mowed-grass manure mixture or it's extract may be mixed with soil and common manure and applied to fields to suppress the growth of weeds.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing (I) a mowed-grass manure mixture, comprising:    (a) a primary fermentation process which composts the mowed-grass, discarded foodstuffs and timber by biodegradation with a fermentative microorganism; and    (b) obtaining mowed-grass manure by further fermentative ageripencure (sic) of the manure obtained from (a).    The microorganism, is derived from activated sludge, and is preferably a Bacillus subtilis. The mowed-grass manure mixture is treated so that it's pH is 6.0 - 9.5, EC density concentration is 0.5 dSm-1/cm to 4 dSm-1/cm, and C/N ratio is 10 to 30. The B. subtilis and mowed grass manure mixture have a weeding activity.
NOVELTY - The simplified composting of waste, with biofiltration comprises stacking under a sheet of recyclable material in a manually and i.t. controlled system. Also claimed is apparatus implementing the process. CLAIMED APPARATUS - The apparatus has a seal, fans, piping, biofilters, analysers, probes, a drainage channel and a control system.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - A spiral member (16) has a single cell layer with a solid electrolyte layer (18a) sandwiched by a cathode layer (18b) and an anode layer (18c). The cathode and anode layers forming the facing surfaces of the upper and lower strata of the cell layer are adjoined each other in the diameter direction of the spiral member and arranged through an electrical insulator (20) with a gas passage.    USE - For fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables simple increase of air or fuel gas in contact area of anode and cathode layers without increasing size of spiral member, hence preventing increase of cell layer and reducing size of fuel battery using fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the partial sectional view of spiral member of fuel cell.    Spiral member (16)    Solid electrolyte layer (18a)    Cathode layer (18b)    Anode layer (18c)    Electrical insulator (20)
NOVELTY - Animal-feed additive comprises fermentation liquor containing one or more cysteine compounds from L-cysteine, L-cystine, thiazolidines, and/or their salts, and 2-100% of the further non-cellular ingredients of the fermentation liquor.    USE - An additive in liquid or solid form for animal-feed.    ADVANTAGE - The additive is stable to digestion by animal stomachs. The non-cellular ingredients improve the nutritional effectiveness of the additive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of feed additive comprising separating the biomass completely (100%) from fermentation liquors containing cysteine compounds from L-cysteine, L-cystine and thiazolidines, and/or their salts, and optionally concentrating the mixture so obtained by removal of water.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a microbial harmful bacterial preparation for treating livestock and poultry excrements. Said bacterial preparation is composed of mycocandida 5%, bacillus thuringiensis 15%, thermophilic actinomycetes 30%, excrement fibre monad 15%, bacillus 10% and photosynthetic bacterium 25%. Said invention also provides its preparation process, and said invented bacterial preparation can make the nitrogen compound in livestock and poultry excrements be decomposed of converted so as to implement harmless treatment of livestock and poultry excrements.
NOVELTY - The high-concentration human excrement and urine treatment and utilization method includes the following measures: making collected high-concentration human excrement and urine undergo the process of anaerobic fermentation at above 40 deg.C to produce methane gas to implement energy utilization, adding CaO into thick liquor obtained by anaerobic fermentation, through precipitation and separation, to obtain phosphorus-enriched organic fertilizer, feeding the supernatant fluid into purge tower under the alkaline condition, feeding NH3 into gas phase, using H2SO4 clean gas in washing tower to obtain high concentration (NH4)2SO4 solution, and using residual waste water to make standard-reached discharge or flush toilet, irrigate plant or wash car, and using the filter cake as solid fertilizer.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a normal paraffin isomerization catalyst and its application.    USE - The catalyst can be used for isomerization of C4-C12 normal paraffins, specially for isomerization of n-butane. The catalyst has good reaction property, stability, activity and selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst contains heteropolyacid or heteropolyacid salt whose weight ratio is 0.5-90%, and the described heteropolyacid or heteropolyacid salt is the heteropolyacid or heteropolyacid salt or its mixture whose center atom is P or Si and coordination atom is at least one element of W, Mo and V.
NOVELTY - The system engineering for ecologically culturing live pig and earthworm and making comprehensive utilization mainly includes the following measures: rearing life pig in pig house in plastic transparent greenhouse, using grains as main feed, adding earthworm powder as auxiliary feed, feeding the pigs excrement and urine into underground methane-generating tank, making anerobic fermentation to extract methane gas, filling it into cylinder; feeding earthworm at another side of the greenhouse, using residues in the methane tank as feed for earthworm, making liquid methane and earthworm excrement into high quality organic composite fertilizer, using earthworm to extract superoxide dismutase and making residual material into earthworm powder as high-quality feed.
NOVELTY - The multifunctional pollution-free organic fertilizer is produced with aquatic plant from sea, river and lake, towel gourd vine, rape stalk, etc as material and through processing with purple glossy ganoderma, didymous mushroom, hedgehog fungus, etc to form fungi mycelium; and thrice aerobic and anaerobic fermentations with acetobacteria, lactobacillus and saccharomycetes. With comprehensive nutrients, fast and lasting fertilizer effect, capacity of raising crop, the multifunctional pollution-free organic fertilizer is suitable for various kinds of soil and various kinds of crops.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to environment science and technology, and is especially biotechnological process of treating excrement from city. The technological process includes treating excrement in fermenting pond, producing feed medium with excrement and soil, setting feed medium in culture plate, setting fermented organic matter to the surface of the culture plate, separating mature earthworm, young earthworm, earthworm egg from the earthworm dung, feeding mature earthworm to processing area for making high-protein feed and producing medicine, producing organic fertilizer with earthworm dung, and backing young earthworm and earthworm egg to culture plate. The present invention is one high-utility green engineering.
NOVELTY - The microbial water purifying agent consists of bacillus 55 %, swamp rhodopeudomonad 25 % and nitrifying bacterium 20 %. The preparation process of the microbial water purifying agent includes preparing bacillus via liquid fermentation at 35 deg.c for 24 hr and solid fermentation for 48 hr, preparing swamp rhodopeudomonad via liquid fermentation at 28 deg.c for 7-10 days and solid adsorption at 28-30 deg.c for 24 hr, preparing nitrifying bacterium via liquid fermentation at 35 deg.c for 24 hr and solid fermentation for 40 hr, stoving the fermented bacteria seeds, crushing to 40-60 mesh, mixing, and packing. The microbial water purifying agent may be used to purify water for breeding aquatics and treat effluent from large hoggery to prevent pollution.
NOVELTY - A process and equipment for preparing methane from straw-stalk type solid waste features that the efficient lignin-degradating bacteria are used for pretreating said solid waste to make lignin, cellulose, and semi-cellulose become the easily degradable substance, and conventional anaerobic biologic treating is then used. Its advantages are short transformation time and high transformation rate.
NOVELTY - A solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system (20) comprises a solid oxide fuel cell having a layer of ceramic ion conducting electrolyte between a conducting cathode and a conducting anode, and a capillary humidifier for passively humidifying the fuel stream with exhaust from the fuel cell.    USE - Used for humidifying a hydrocarbon inlet stream.    ADVANTAGE - The system efficiently and cost effectively provides humidification for fuel cells running on hydrocarbons.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid oxide fuel cell system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell having a layer of ceramic ion conducting electrolyte between a conducting cathode and a conducting anode, and a capillary humidifier for passively humidifying the fuel stream with exhaust from the fuel cell. The fuel cell has fuel flow path (35, 39) for supplying a fuel stream to the anode, and an oxidant flow path for supplying oxidant stream to the cathode. The capillary humidifier comprises a capillary member between first flow path upstream from the fuel flow path and second flow path downstream from the fuel flow path.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating an SOFC system with hydrocarbon fuel comprising humidifying a hydrocarbon fuel stream provided to a fuel reforming portion of the SOFC system through passively transferring water from exhaust gas of the fuel cell to the hydrocarbon fuel stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a general schematic diagram of a solid oxide fuel system.    SOFC system (20)    Outlet stream (25, 31)    Flow path (35, 39)
NOVELTY - The electrolyte electrode assemblies (56) are arranged between separators (58). The discharge passages (46) are formed around a fuel gas supply hole (44) extending through the separators for discharging fuel gas and oxygen-containing gas. A fuel gas distribution passage (67a) extends between the discharge passages along the surface of separators for connecting the fuel gas supply hole and fuel gas channel (67).    USE - Fuel cell e.g. solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) for stationary and mobile applications, used in vehicle and also used in gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel gas supply hole extends through the central region of separators, the fuel gas is uniformly supplied to each of the electrolyte electrode assembly. Thereby, maintaining desirable power generation performance. Since the number of components are reduced, the size of the fuel cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel gas supply hole (44)    discharge passages (46)    electrolyte electrode assemblies (56)    separators (58)    fuel gas channel (67)    fuel gas distribution passage (67a)
NOVELTY - A foamable styrenic resin particle containing 3 - 5.5 wt% of an easily volatile foaming agent and 1000 ppm or less of styrenic monomers, which is coated with 0.2 - 0.5 pts wt, based on 100 pts wt of the resin particles, of zinc stearate resin particle of having a content of sodium salt of a fatty acid of 0.1 wt% or less, are new,    USE - The foamable styrenic resin particles are for use for forming food containers for instant noodles, curry, stew, mayonnaise, margarine, hamburger, fried chicken, coffee and doughnuts.    ADVANTAGE - Food containers made from the foamable styrenic resin particles have excellent strength and excellent printability, and can prevent components of the content from permeating only through the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The easily volatile foaming agent contains 15 - 60 wt% (preferably 30 - 60 wt%) of iso-pentane.
NOVELTY - A waste treatment system (S) comprising an electric generating device (P), a methane fermentation bath (F) and an electrolytic bath (E), is new. (P) Generates electric power using a valuable substance recovered from organic waste as fuel. (F) Is for anaerobic fermentation of the organic waste. The digested liquid from (F) is introduced into (E) containing an electrode pair fed with the electric power from (P).    USE - The waste treatment system is used in the treatment of organic wastes and its digested liquid (e.g. sewage, garbage or sludge).    ADVANTAGE - The system permits treatment of organic wastes at low cost. It is possible to remove ammonia, organic nitrogen and nitrogen oxide within the digested liquid as nitrogen gas in (E) by oxidation-reduction. In (E), the vicinity of a cathode can be made alkaline (pH 10 - 14) by electrolysis. Thus it is possible to remove phosphorus components within the digested liquid by crystallizing the same as phosphate. The phosphorus components can be combined with calcium ions, magnesium ions or iron ions within the digested liquid in an electrochemical manner to obtain solid state compounds separable from the digested liquid. Thus it is possible to remove the phosphorus components without using a chemical reagent or the like. The electric power recovered from the waste can be utilized within the same system. Thus the electric power obtained can be used efficiently, with power loss during transmission or the like being restricted to the least possible level.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly (10) comprises fuel (34) cell(s) having anode (22), cathode (18), and electrolyte (20); interconnect (24) in intimate contact with anode, cathode, or electrolyte; fluid flow channel(s) disposed in fuel cell(s); and fiber(s) (40) disposed in fluid flow channel(s) to disrupt fluid flow during travel of fluid flow in fluid flow channel(s).    USE - For use as fuel cell assembly, e.g. solid oxide fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides improved cooling requirements of fuel cell with improved heat transfer characteristics, thus improve cooling ability. It enables the maintenance of predetermined thermal gradients and temperature levels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fluid flow channel for fuel cell assembly comprising housing having defining flow path(s) for fluid flow, and fiber(s) disposed in housing directly or indirectly attached to side portions or connecting portion. The housing includes pair of opposing side portions, and connecting portion joining the pair of opposing side portions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a planar fuel cell stack.    Fuel cell assembly (10)    Cathode (18)    Electrolyte (20)    Anode (22)    Interconnect (24)    Oxidant flow channel (28)    Oxidant (32)    Fuel (34)    Fiber (40)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack (117) receives a gaseous fuel from a fuel tank and a dried gaseous oxidizer from an oxidizer tank. A heat exchanger preheats the gaseous fuel and gaseous oxidizer before they are reacted in the fuel cell stack.    USE - For high-altitude, lightweight, long-duration, solar-powered aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - Attains weight reduction and system simplification, thus ensuring superior performance, reliability and cost efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a closed-loop power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic representation of solar aircraft power system.    Solar aircraft power system (101)    Energy storage system (103)    Electrolyzer stack (115)    Fuel cell stack (117)    DC-DC converter (119)
NOVELTY - The system has an electrochemical transfer cell (502) to send hydrogen in a hydrogen flow circuit to hydrogen storage vessel (530) when an electrical potential is placed on a fuel cell in hydrogen separator mode. The transfer cell sends hydrogen from the storage vessel to the circuit when an electrical load is placed on the fuel cell in a hydrogen expander mode.    USE - Used for providing power to house, different appliance/electrical device of house or to a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system allows the electrochemical transfer cell to transfer the hydrogen from/to storage vessel to/from circuit in two different operating modes, thereby providing an exact amount of hydrogen transfer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system with an electrochemical transfer cell.    Electrochemical transfer cell (502)    Natural gas (506)    Fuel cell stack (510)    Hydrogen compressor (528)    Storage vessel (530)
NOVELTY - Catalytic production of hydrogen feed includes preparing hydrogen feed, and exposing hydrogen feed to a catalyst which promotes water-gas-shift reaction in liquid phase.    USE - Producing hydrogen feed useful in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen feed has reduced carbon monoxide content (50 ppm to less than 20 ppm).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of a hydrogen-rich gas from a gas stream containing carbon monoxide, water, hydrogen and methyl hydroxide, by oxidizing carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the presence of a liquid-phase homogenous catalytic system.
NOVELTY - A blowing agent blend comprises 99 mole% or less isopentane, and co-blowing agent(s). The co-blowing agent is a physical co-blowing agent having boiling point of less than 28 degrees C, and/or a chemical co-blowing agent.    USE - Manufacturing low density polyethylene foam structures (claimed) such as rods, sheet and plank. The polyolefin foam is used as protective or flexible packaging for computers, glassware, televisions and furniture, and in life jackets, floor underlayments, toys and recreational components.    ADVANTAGE - The blowing agent blend produces stable foam with minimized or no corrugation. The polyolefin foam structure has a substantially closed-cell and dimensionally-stable structure, and is light in weight. The foam protects the articles from gouging, surface-scratching and marring.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) polyolefin foam structure;    (2) process for making a polyolefin foam structure; and    (3) process for making a low density polyethylene foam structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic flow diagram of the manufacture of foamed polyolefin sheet.    two-extruder tandem system (10)    copper (11)    primary extruder (13)    adapter section (17)    secondary extruder (19)
NOVELTY - A methane-fermentation system comprises a primary dehydrator (5) that separates the primary soluble compound produced by solubilizing organic waste in a corresponding solubilizing tank (3), into primary liquid and residue (7).    USE - For garbage, waste solid components, sludge, bio-mass and plants.    ADVANTAGE - The discharge amount of solubilized residue and fermented sludge, is reduced by performing methane-fermentation efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A methane-fermentation system comprises a primary dehydrator (5) that separates the primary soluble compound produced by solubilizing organic waste in a corresponding solubilizing tank (3), into primary liquid and residue (7). The residue is added with alkaline and treated to obtain secondary soluble compound from which the secondary liquid is separated. A methane-fermentation tank (10) mixes the primary and secondary liquids and treats them.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane-fermentation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of methane-fermentation system.    solubilizing tank (3)    primary dehydrator (5)    residue (7)    methane-fermentation tank (10)    precipitate tank (14)
NOVELTY - Processing of organic waste (11) containing cellulose comprises mixing with surplus sludge (14) of drainage treatment and grinding.    USE - For processing cellulose-containing organic waste such as used tea leave, coffee extraction lees, mowed grass, rice straw, coppiced timber, sludge precipitated from sewage.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient processing of cellulose-containing organic waste with reduced generation of waste material and in reduced time is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Processing of organic waste (11) containing cellulose comprises mixing with surplus sludge (14) of drainage treatment and grinding. Alternately, the organic waste is ground and mixed with the surplus sludge. The mixed ground material (12) is subjected to methane-fermentation processing, in the processing of the cellulose-containing organic waste.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus of the cellulose- containing organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the processing of the cellulose-containing organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    biological drainage-treatment installation (1)    grinder (2)    organic waste (11)    ground material (12)    surplus sludge (14)
NOVELTY - A methane-fermentation (MF) processing apparatus has solubilizing tank (4) which solubilizes organic waste (1) and produces a soluble compound, solid-liquid separator (7) which separates solubilized liquid and solubilized residue, medium-temperature MF tank (14), and high-temperature MF tank (37). Tanks (14,37) carry out anaerobic fermentation of solubilized liquid and residue at 33-40 degrees C and 50-58 degrees C, respectively.    USE - For methane-fermentation processing (claimed) in processing organic wastes, such as human waste, sewage, sedimentation-basin sludge, surplus activated sludge, industrial waste, animal industrial waste, garbage, and waste from hotels, restaurants and stores.    ADVANTAGE - The methane-fermentation processing apparatus efficiently recovers biogas containing methane. The generation amount of residue and sludge is reduced. The high-temperature fermenter has high stability. The methane-fermentation processing apparatus enables efficient recovery of energy for waste treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for methane-fermentation processing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of methane-fermentation system.    organic waste (1)    solubilization tank (4)    solid-liquid separator (7)    medium-temperature methane-fermentation tank (14)    high-temperature methane-fermentation tank (37)
NOVELTY - A separation tank (7) performing precipitate separation of the sludge from the biologically treated water and supplies the surplus sludge to a sludge decomposition tank (10). The membrane separation of the liquid in the decomposition tank is performed by an immersion flat film (12), while the aeration air is supplied to the decomposition tank through a diffusion tube (11).    USE - For processing organic waste water such as sewage and pulp waste-water.    ADVANTAGE - The surplus sludge in the decomposition tank is fully decomposed. The effluent of favorable water quality is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste water processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows block diagram of organic waste water processing facility. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Precipitate separation tank (7)    Sludge decomposition tank (10)    Diffusion tube (11)    Immersion flat film (12)    Membrane-separation water ejection line (13).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation catalyst (22) and a nitrous oxide (NOx) catalyst (23) are arranged in the upstream and downstream of the exhaust route. A hydrocarbon is supplied from nozzles (30u,30d) of upstream and downstream sides to temporarily switch the air fuel ratio of exhaust gas entering each catalyst richly to decrease the NOx and sulfur oxide (SOx) storage respectively of the hydrogen generation and NOx catalysts.    USE - Controlling emission of harmful substance such as nitrous oxide (NOx) and sulfur oxide (SOx) with the exhaust gas emitted from internal combustion (IC) engine.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of sulfur stored in the NOx catalyst is decreased promptly with a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for exhaust gas purification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the exhaust gas emission control system of IC engine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generation catalyst (22)    NOx catalyst (23)    hydrocarbon supply nozzle (30u,30d)
NOVELTY - An intermediate cylinder (11) is formed between the modification catalyst range (24) and transformation catalyst range (25). A carbon mono-oxide (CO) transformation catalyst layer (4) adjoins the modification-catalyst layer (3). The cooling devices (12,13) of CO transformation catalyst layer (4), are arranged at the outer surface of an outer cylinder (15).    USE - Fuel modifier e.g. for town gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME) and kerosene, for fuel-cell electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables improving durability and heat-resisting property of the fuel modifier, efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel-cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst layers (3)    transformation catalyst layers (4)    intermediate cylinder (11)    cooling devices (12,13)    outer cylinder (15)    modification catalyst range (24)    transformation catalyst range (25)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-containing organic compound is dehydrogenated in the presence of dehydrogenating catalyst, to produce hydrogen gas.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell plant, hydrogen fuel engine plant, hydrogen burning gas turbine installation and secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method is eco-friendly, and enables to produce hydrogen gas efficiently at low temperature with reduced energy consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of manufacture of hydrogen gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen-containing organic compound supply line (1, 3)    hydrogen-containing organic compound feed pump (2)    hydrogen-containing organic compound heater (4)    dehydrogenating device (5)
NOVELTY - A monolith-type fuel modification catalyst has a porous catalyst layer containing rhodium formed on an aggregate surface of a metal foam-like support containing nickel and having a porosity of 90-97%. The average number of holes per 1 inch length of the support is 20-120.    USE - Used for producing hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuel (claimed) such as gasoline, kerosene oil, natural gas, naphtha and light oil.    ADVANTAGE - The monolith-type fuel modification catalyst has high modification efficiency even at low temperature, with reduced generation amount of by-product. The fuel modification is carried out with high fuel conversion ratio and selectivity, using a reduced amount of catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of hydrogen-rich gas by circulating a gas containing hydrocarbon group fuel to the through-holes of a monolith-type fuel modification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the macropore structure of a monolith-type fuel modification catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Methane utilization involves culturing methane utilizing microbe in an environment containing 6000 ppm or less of methane.    USE - For recovering low concentration of methane in environment, livestock barn, compost and animal excrement. The methane gas is used as main component in natural gas and biogas.    ADVANTAGE - Even low concentration of global warming methane is effectively removed from the waste material and consumed in the process, and microbial cells suitable for livestock feed or microbial cells biomass is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows proliferation of methane utilizing microbe in the presence of air. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A sulfur concentration of 30 ppm or less in kerosene is oxidized with an oxidizing agent and the sulfur concentration is decreased to 0.1 ppm or less by performing an adsorption treatment, solvent extraction or distillation. A modification catalyst is allowed to contact the desulfurized kerosene to manufacture hydrogen.    USE - Used for manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen for fuel cell is manufactured efficiently for long period of time. The life time of the modification catalyst is lengthened.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor-type detecting unit is provided to detect the gas component with high molecule weight separated by a gas segregation unit (10). A town gas detector determines the town gas based on the output signal of accessory constituent gas.    USE - Used for detecting the leakage of town gas flowing through an embedded gas pipe.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable detection of town gas is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Town gas comprising methane (CH4) as main component, ethane (C2H6) as accessory constituent gas, propane (C3H8) and butane (C4H16) as combustible gas is circulated. A flow delay is produced in gas segregation unit based on the molecular weight of combustible gas so as to separate the gas component. The semiconductor type gas detecting unit is provided to detect the separated gas component with larger molecular weight. The output signal corresponding to accessory constituent gas is multiplied by predetermined co-efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the town gas leakage detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas segregation unit (10)    gas detecting unit (20)    determination portion (30)
NOVELTY - A pipeline (13) which supplies kerosene oil along the bottom direction and a pipeline (14) which removes desulfurized raw material along an upward direction, are provided at the upper portion of the desulfurizer (1). The terminal end of the pipeline (13) extends below the bottom (121) of the desulfurizer agent (12) held inside the desulfurizer.    USE - Used for the desulfurization of raw material such as kerosene oil at the time of manufacture of hydrogen for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the extended pipeline below the desulfurizing agent, the contact time of the raw material and the desulfurizing agent is lengthened. Therefore size reduction of the desulfurizer is achieved and the durability of the desulfurizing agent is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A jacket for heating and heat retention is provided surrounding the desulfurizer. The desulfurizing pressure is made more than vapor pressure of the kerosene oil. Desulfurizing pressure is maintained in the range between 0.1-1.0 MPa, while the desulfurizing temperature is maintained between 150-300degreesC. The desulfurizing agent is nickel type. A connector (16) is provided for connecting and separating the pipelines from the desulfurizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the desulfurizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Desulfurizer (1)    Desulfurizing agent (12)    Bottom portion of desulfurizing agent (121)    Pipelines (13,14)    Connector (16)
NOVELTY - Inflow of raw material used for manufacture of hydrogen, from a desulfurizing unit (12) in which a portion or entire raw material is desulfurized, in liquid phase, to a reformer (14), is prevented, during starting and stopping of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    USE - For performing desulfurization of raw material such as kerosene, before supply of kerosene to reformer of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (claimed) which produces hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents supply of kerosene vapors to the reformer, during starting and stopping of the apparatus. Hence prevents deterioration of the reforming catalyst, and thereby reduces the downtime of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The raw material is returned from the desulfurizing unit, to a raw-material tank, during starting and stopping of the apparatus. The raw material which is kerosene, is desulfurized at the temperature of 150-3000 degrees C, and at a pressure of 0.1-1.0 MPa.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, which has a desulfurizing unit to perform desulfurizing of raw material comprising kerosene, in liquid phase, and to supply desulfurized kerosene, to a reformer. A bypass line is provided to return the raw material from the desulfurizing unit, to the raw-material tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    raw-material tank (11)    desulfurizing unit (12)    reformer (14)    water tank (15)
NOVELTY - A reactor (1) has a convergence pipe to hold the mixture of reactive particle e.g. coke breeze and water vapor. A feeder (17) supplies the reactive particles to the convergence pipe. An intermittent injection pump (5) generates a shock wave in the convergence pipe, by supplying water vapor at high pressure, while a vacuum pump (13) reduces pressure inside the pipe.    USE - For preparing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Since forceful shock is generated by supplying water vapor at high pressure to the convergence pipe simultaneously while reducing pressure in it, hydrogen is efficiently generated using simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen preparation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (1)    intermittent injection pump (5)    control valves (8,9)    vacuum pump (13)    feeder (17)
NOVELTY - A heating tube (2) installed in a waste-gas flow path (3), heats water supplied by an intermittent injection pump (8) using high temperature of the waste gas, and supplies water vapor to a convergence pipe (9). The shock wave generated by the water vapor, reacts with mixture of reactive particle e.g. coke breeze and water vapor in the pipe, to produce hydrogen.    USE - For preparation of hydrogen for industrial use.    ADVANTAGE - Since the water is heated using the temperature of the waste gas, there is no need to provide a separate apparatus for heating the water, and therefore the structure of the hydrogen preparation apparatus is made simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen preparation apparatus.    reactor (1)    heating tube (2)    waste-gas flow path (3)    intermittent injection pump (8)    convergence pipe (9)
NOVELTY - A shock wave generating unit generates shock waves by supplying high pressure gas intermittently from one end of a cone-shaped convergence pipe (4). The converging tube portion (4C) at the upstream side has same diameter as that of pipe while a tubular flare portion (4B) extending from converging tube portion, has gradually decreasing cross-section and length 0.5-5 times of its internal diameter.    USE - For preparing hydrogen containing gas.    ADVANTAGE - Since the flare portion having specific length which is in proportion with its diameter is used, the shock wave is fully flattened. Therefore, temperature rise effect by impact compression is improved without non-uniformity in impact compression by shock wave.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen preparation apparatus.    Cylinder (2)    Piston (3)    Convergence pipe (4)    Tubular flare portion (4B)    Converging tube portion (4C)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon group fuel and predetermined oxidizing agent are supplied into a reformer and modification reaction is performed. The carbon precipitated in the reformer during modification reaction is intermittently removed from the reformer. Hydrogen rich gas is produced in the reformer.    USE - For operating reformer used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The operating temperature of reformer is decreased and catalytically active reduction of precipitated carbon is suppressed. The intervals between the removal of precipitated carbon does not need to be fixed and average activity of the catalyst is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a reformer used for producing hydrogen rich gas from hydrocarbon group fuel.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion material contains a mixture of hydrogen occlusion alloy and carbon material holding at least one of VIII group transition metal.    USE - As hydrogen occlusion material.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion material has excellent hydrogen occlusion capability and hydrogen storage capacity at normal temperature.
NOVELTY - An outer pipe (9) provided at circumference of an oxygen permeable pipe (2), connects the exhaust port (8) of synthetic gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and source gas supply port (7). A dividing wall separates the gas distribution range (6) and air circulation range (3), such that an annular portion (10) in the gas distribution range is formed (2) and the outer pipe.    USE - For manufacturing carbon monoxide and synthetic gas containing hydrogen such as natural gas, etc..    ADVANTAGE - The reaction of oxygen and source gas is limited by forming annular portion, and the raise of reaction efficiency is increased by changing dimension of the annular portions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the film reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Film reactor (1)    Oxygen permeable pipe (2)    Air circulation range (3)    Gas distribution range (6)    Source gas supply port (7)    Synthetic gas exhaust port (8)    Outer pipe (9)    Annular portion (10)
NOVELTY - A gas supply unit (15) supplies fuel to a fuel cell (14) which drives a motor drive unit (12) through an inverter (13). A double layer capacitor (16) supplies power to the gas supply unit. The fuel cell supplements its electric power to the capacitor as required, and the capacitor discharge power is used as supplement power, when requirement of the drive unit exceeds the fuel cell output.    USE - In electric vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - By using the electric double layer capacitor which can be discharged and charged over a large, high current supply can be performed to the drive unit or the gas supply unit from the capacitor. Power losses are reduced, as direct current-direct current converter is not used.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the motor drive system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Motor drive unit (12)    Inverter (13)    Fuel cell (14)    Gas supply unit (15)    Double layer capacitor (16)
NOVELTY - Several heat transfer units (25-28) held in zig-zag manner, are arranged in a space (23) formed between hot modification catalyst (17) and carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst (18)provided in a cylindrical container (11). Portion of potential heat of the mixed gas flowing in the space, is absorbed by the heat transfer units which transfers absorbed heat to the wall of the container.    USE - For generation of hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - When mixed gas loses one portion of the heat transfer units, the temperature of the carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst is maintained at suitable value. The size and weight of the hydrogen generator, is reduced. The arrangement of the heat transfer units increases effective heating surface and temperature change. Provides simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst, carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst and carbon mono oxide removal catalyst (19) are arranged in order in the cylindrical container. The source gas which consists of hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol is reformed into mixed gas containing hydrogen, carbon mono oxide and carbon dioxide by the modification catalyst. Heat insulation layer (16) is interposed between the peripheral surfaces of the modification catalyst and the inner surface of the container. The heat transfer units are arranged such that the mixed gas has undulation flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (10)    cylindrical container (11)    heat insulation layer (16)    modification catalyst (17)    carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst (18)    carbon mono oxide removal catalyst (19)    space (23)    heat transfer units (25-28)
NOVELTY - The fuel modifier (10) has a heat insulating layer (20) provided at its outer wall, so as to prevent dew formation on a carbon monoxide (CO) transformation catalyst layer (12).    USE - For solid-polymer fuel cell (PEFC) system.    ADVANTAGE - The deterioration of the CO transformation catalyst layer is prevented, as a result the hydrogen gas is manufactured stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel modifier operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel modifier (10)    fuel modification catalyst layer (11)    CO transformation catalyst layer (12)    evaporator (15)    insulating layer (20)
NOVELTY - A fuel tank in the cartridge (17) has a fuel supply tube (18) for supplying fuel to a anode (11) of the fuel cell. The fuel pressurizing units (19-21) in the fuel tank pressurize the fuel in the fuel tank before the fuel is supplied to the anode.    USE - Fuel cell (claimed) e.g. direct methanol-type fuel cell and polyelectrolyte-type fuel cell used as electric power unit of portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel supply and electric power generation are performed at required levels by pressurizing the fuel supplied to the anode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows vertical section of the cartridge of fuel cell.    Anode (11)    Cartridge (17)    Fuel supply tube (18)    Ventilation hole (19)    Permanent magnet (20)    Electromagnetic coil (21)
NOVELTY - The boiler has a pipe (16) to supply a combustible gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, from a gasifier (19) to a combustion unit (34). The combustion unit has a superheater tube and a fuel-conservation device provided at the upper and lower portions, respectively.    USE - For processing organic waste e.g. plastic in coal-fired power plant, cement field, construction field, agriculture field, forestry field and fishery field.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient processing of the organic wastes, is achieved by supplying the combustible gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen gas to the combustion unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) organic-waste gasifier; and    (2) coal-ash processing plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the coal-ash processing system.    organic waste (5)    gasifier (9)    pipe (16)    coal-ash boiler (21)    combustion unit (34)
NOVELTY - The low gas permeable hose has inner layer (1) and outer layer (6). A gas-barrier property metal-mesh layer (3) is provided to the inside of the outer layer.    USE - For fluid supply, refrigerant transportation of hydrogen gas for fuel cells, and air conditioning system of motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hose has excellent low gas permeability, flexibility and bending property. The hose is eco-friendly, and reduces the gas transmission amount supply and has high utility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows partial cross-sectional perspective diagram of low gas permeable hose.    inner layer (1)    inside elastic layer (2)    gas barrier property metal mesh layer (3)    outside elastic layer (4)    reinforced layer (5)    outer layer (6)
NOVELTY - A sensing element (11) has a thermistor having B constant of 1000-3500 K in a porous case (10a) and a reference element has a thermistor having B constant of 1000-3500 K in the thermistor in a non-porous case. The difference between resistance value of the sensing element and the reference element, due to the presence of hydrogen is detected. Hydrogen concentration is calculated, based on the difference.    USE - For detecting leakage of hydrogen used as fuel in fuel cell used for motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen concentration is detected accurately and rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the hydrogen sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Porous case (10a)    Sensing element (11)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell module (2) is made up of a number of cells (32) with a fluid distribution system that ensures fluid supply to each cell and fluid removal from each cell. The distribution system is connected to fluid delivery units (22). The module is fitted with valves that co-operate with valves (241 - 244) in the delivery unit.    USE - Fuel cell module for incorporation in an energy generation unit.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified maintenance of energy generation unit using easily replaceable fuel cell modules.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a three-dimensional schematic.    Fuel cell module (2)    Individual cells (32)    Fluid delivery units (22)    Valves (241 - 244)
NOVELTY - Converting biological residues to gas, a supplementary fuel is introduced within the combustion zone (4).    USE - The method is useful for converting biological residues to hydrogen-enriched gas.    ADVANTAGE - The product gas is more suited for use as a fuel than prior art lean gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In a process to convert biological residues to hydrogen-enriched gas, the gasification reactor is sub-divided into a gas removal zone, a combustion zone and a reduction zone. The pyrolysis gas produced in the gas removal zone is burned in the combustion zone. A supplementary fuel is introduced to the combustion zone, increasing the temperature of departing gases. Energy is transferred to the fuel gas in the combustion zone by a plasma chamber incorporated within the combustion zone. The gasification process is regulated by control of the incoming supplementary fuel, or the energy introduced via the plasma chamber. The supplementary fuel is e.g. vegetable oil, used mineral oil, oil which has been used in food processing, natural gas, biogas, coal dust or coke.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagram of the process reactor.    Gasification shaft (1)    Gas removal zone (2)    Gasification and reduction zone (3)    Link passage, reduction zone (4)    Gas lock (5)    Ventilator (6)    Air (7)    Gas (8)    Ash removal (9)    Additional fuel (10)    Plasma burner chamber (11)    Burner (12)    Bio-residue fuel (13)
NOVELTY - Connecting system for feeding media, e.g. methanol/water mixtures, to a low temperature fuel cell comprises a corrosion-resistant pipe (3a) with a press-fitting (3b) on one end. A nut (2a) fits over this to fasten it in place.    USE - Feeding media, e.g. air, hydrogen, cooling water or methanol/water mixtures to a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell fitted with the connecting system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a perspective view and a cross-section of the connecting system.    Nut (2a)    Corrosion-resistant pipe (3a)    Press-fitting (3b)
NOVELTY - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a phenolic compound (I) and optionally an antioxidant.    USE - For odorizing fuel gases, especially natural gas, to facilitate detection of gas escapes.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture provides a good alternative to known sulfur-free odorants, e.g. alkylpyrazines (compare DE19837066).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a phenolic compound of formula (I) and optionally an antioxidant:    R1 = H, Me or Et;    R2-R4 = H, 1-4C alkoxy, 1-4C acyl, 1-5C alkyl or 2-5C alkenyl;    alternatively, R1+R4 forms a 5- to 7-membered ring containing at least one C atom and up to two N atoms, optionally substituted with 1-4C alkoxy or 1-4C alkyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel gas with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% containing a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a compound (I) and optionally an antioxidant.
NOVELTY - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of two to six C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate esters and optionally an antioxidant.    USE - For odorizing fuel gases, especially natural gas, to facilitate detection of gas escapes.    ADVANTAGE - Mixtures of alkyl (meth)acrylates have a synergistically enhanced odorizing effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel gas with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% containing such a mixture.
NOVELTY - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of at least two C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate esters, at least one compound selected from 2-pentyne, 2-hexyne, 3-hexyne, 2-heptyne, 3-heptyne and formic, acetic, propionic, n-butyric, isobutyric, n-valeric and isovaleric acid and optionally an antioxidant.    USE - For odorizing fuel gases, especially natural gas, to facilitate detection of gas escapes.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture provides a good alternative to known sulfur-free odorants, e.g. alkylpyrazines (compare DE19837066).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel gas with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% containing such a mixture.
NOVELTY - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a liquid nitrogen compound and optionally an antioxidant.    USE - For odorizing fuel gases, especially natural gas, to facilitate detection of gas escapes.    ADVANTAGE - The mixture provides a good alternative to known sulfur-free odorants, e.g. alkylpyrazines (compare DE19837066). It evaporates and burns without leaving a residue and does not undergo phase separation, e.g. crystallization, in gas conduits.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Odorizing fuel gases with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% comprises adding a mixture of a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a liquid nitrogen compound of formula (I) or (II) and optionally an antioxidant:    A = H, Me or a free pair of electrons;    B = H or Me;    E = CR4R5 or CR4;    X = CR6 or N;    D = CR9R10 or NH;    G = CR11R12 or NH;    y, m = 0 or 1;    m+y = 1 or 2;    R1-R12 = H, aminomethyl, 1-4C acyl, 1-4C alkoxy or 1-4C alkyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel gas with a methane content of at least 60 wt.% containing a C1-C6 alkyl (meth)acrylate and a liquid nitrogen compound as above and optionally an antioxidant.
NOVELTY - Control device for a reactor (1) comprises a sensor (4) for acquiring a parameter representative of the effectiveness of the reactor and for delivering a measuring signal corresponding to the parameter, a control unit (3) connected to the sensor for deriving a control signal (e) from the measuring signal (a), and an actuator (2) for influencing a process parameter of the reactor based on the control signal.    USE - For a fuel cell or reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The feed of fuel, oxidant or water can be optimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Control device for a reactor (1) comprises a sensor (4) for acquiring a parameter representative of the effectiveness of the reactor and for delivering a measuring signal corresponding to the parameter, a control unit (3) connected to the sensor for deriving a control signal (e) from the measuring signal (a), and an actuator (2) for influencing a process parameter of the reactor based on the control signal. The control unit produces a signal with an equal part depending on the acquired parameter and a component oscillating with a first frequency to establish the equal part based on a ratio between the oscillating component of the control signal and a component of the measuring signal oscillating with a first frequency.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for controlling a reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a reactor system with the control device.    reactor (1)    actuator (2)    control unit (3)    lock-in amplifier (6, 10)    measuring signal (a)    control signal (e)
NOVELTY - An integrated process for treatment and valorization of organic waste (C1) involves: (a) microorganism treatment of (C1) to produce a gas; (b) separating (C1) into liquid and solid fraction; and (c) using liquid fraction as fertilizer.    USE - For the treatment and valorization of (C1) such as animal manure (e.g. swine manure), involving the solid fraction for production of the gas and liquid fraction as a fertilizer. The gas is used as energy source for electricity or heat generation (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the use of liquid fraction as a fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A gas unit storage (micro) cell, comprises a pressure vessel; micro-tubes for gas conducting; micro-channels for the reversible storage of the gas and having a hydraulic diameter of 100-600 (preferably 200-500) micron; and reversible heaters and coolers for the chemical and/or physical storage of gas. The storage cell has an internal volume of 2-5 (preferably lower than 3) cm3.    USE - The storage cell is for storing hydrogen, methane, propane, butane, ethane, hythane, and/or natural gas. It is useful for gas unit container used in solid gas storage system, and for exchangeable cartridge. The gas unit container is used as on board portable fuel cell and/or as power generation plant. It is also used as fuel tank that works with a safe sorption, and thermically managed. The solid gas storage system is used for zero emission vehicles. (All claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The gas unit storage (micro) cell is highly efficient and can raise public awareness of ecological issues.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a gas unit container comprising a gas unit cell, where the free volume inside the pressure vessel is partially filled with at least one means susceptible to reversibly stock a gas (preferably hydrogen), where the free volume is filled with at least one metal hydride;    (b) a solid gas storage system comprising gas unit container being connected together and the sum of the diameters being less than 1 m; and    (c) an exchangeable cartridge (blue, white, green or yellow) for the storage of natural gas, hydrogen and/or hythane in the case of urban pollution, containing at least one storage unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows different views of the highly efficient gas unit storage cell.
NOVELTY - A chemical conversion apparatus comprises an electrocatalytic reformer made of an electrically conductive material and having a catalytically coated surface. The reformer can be electrically heated to promote endothermic reactions catalyzed by the catalytically coated surface when in use.    USE - Used for the chemical conversion of hydrocarbon with water to produce a hydrogen-rich synthesized gas for fuel cells by providing the hydrocarbon as one of a liquid, vapor and gas; supplying water to the liquid and/or vapor; supplying the hydrocarbon and the water to an apparatus; and passing electric current through a reformer to heat the component and to provide heat for endothermic reaction of the hydrocarbon and the water (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus exhibits high conversion, thus resulting a decreased formation of carbon monoxide as well as soot formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an electrocatalytic reformer.    Pipes (10, 12)    Chamber (14)    Contact plug (16)    Outlet (18)    Reformer elements (20)
NOVELTY - Method of modifying biomass comprises treating cellulose biomass having a O/C atom ratio of 0.5 or higher in the presence of water at a pressure high than the saturated pressure of water stream so that the O/C atom ratio is 38 or less, the solid and liquid contents of the treated product is then separated.    USE - For modification of biomass to provide slurry fuels.    ADVANTAGE - The product can be prepared using wood, tree barks, bamboos etc and gasification improves effective concentration of H2 and CO.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) preparation of biomass water slurry,    (2) the slurry containing 50 wt.% or more modified biomass pulverised to particle diameter of 30 mum or less,    (3) gasification method of modified bio mass by gasification of modified biomass using 25-40 % of oxygen required for complete burning and gasification agents at 800-1300 degreesC under 0.1-10 MPa.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell generation apparatus has hydrogen generation section which produces hydrogen by reform reaction of raw material, and fuel cell which has fuel electrode and air electrode and performs electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas supplied to fuel electrode and oxygen gas supplied to air electrode.    USE - Used for generating electricity using hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity is generated with high efficiency on a small scale.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell generation apparatus has a hydrogen generation section which produces hydrogen by the reform reaction of a raw material, and a fuel cell which has a fuel electrode and an air electrode and performs electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel electrode and oxygen gas supplied to the air electrode. The apparatus has a water collection part which collects water from water vapor from the fuel and/or air electrode, a water storage part which has a tank which stores collected water and a water supply part which supplies stored water to a hydrogen generation part. The tank is structured so that water can be exhausted to the outside to prevent degradation of the water stored in the tank and structured so that judgement is made whether or not the water in storage should be discharged outside.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the structure of a fuel cell generation apparatus. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Hydrogen generation section (1)    Reform part (1a)    CO conversion part (1b)    CO removal part (1c)    Supply section (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Blower (4)    Water recovery section (5)    Water storage section (6)    Tank (6a)    Control device (7)    Memory (7a)    Valve (9)    Water supply part (10)    Pump (10a)    Water purification part (11)    Filter (11a)    Display part (30)
NOVELTY - A bioreactor (36) comprises a cylindrical pressure vessel having an inlet end (52) and an exit end (54); internally rotating main shaft (200) having spaced apart ends; and paddles attached to and extending radially from the shaft. The paddles extending radially outward from the shaft form a helical spiral pattern when viewed from either of the spaced apart ends.    USE - For hydrolyzing municipal solid waste.    ADVANTAGE - The invented bioreactor ensures complete processing of material. It is self-cleaning and prevents clogging.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a partially cutaway side view of the bioreactor.    Bioreactor (36)    Material injection assembly (40)    Inlet end (52)    Exit end (54)    Shaft (200)
NOVELTY - A wet sewage sludge or other feedstock comprising wet organic materials is processed to produce useful products and to destroy pathogens in the feedstock, by partially dewatering the feedstock, and processing the feedstock to produce fuel and char.    USE - Used for processing wet sewage sludge or other feedstock comprising wet organic materials to produce useful products and to destroy pathogens in the feedstock.    ADVANTAGE - The process processes sewerage sludge and other organic based feedstocks in an energy efficient manner that minimizes or eliminates unwanted byproducts, including pathogens, and generates useful environmentally safe products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a block diagram of a system that uses supplemental fuel to start the system for processing dewatered sewage sludge to produce synthetic gas, bio-oil and char.
NOVELTY - An organic exhaust gas (200) is treated by generating an organic exhaust gas containing a harmful substance; providing a treating liquid (260, 261); contacting the organic exhaust gas with the treating liquid to dissolve the harmful substance into the treating liquid; and contacting bacteria with the treating gas containing the harmful substance so that the harmful substance is biochemically degraded.    USE - The method is useful for the treatment of organic exhaust gases from semiconductor plants.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can treat an organic exhaust gas at a lower cost with less environmental load compared with conventional ones.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for treating an organic exhaust gas comprises a gas-liquid contact unit bringing an organic exhaust gas containing a harmful substance into contact with a treating liquid to dissolve the harmful substance into the treating liquid; and an organic substance degradation unit connected to the gas-liquid contact unit. The organic substance degradation unit can biochemically degrade the harmful substance. The exhaust gas-contacted treating liquid is transferred from the gas-liquid contact unit to the organic substance degradation unit. The organic substance degradation unit provides with bacteria, which are arranged to bring into contact with the organic exhaust gas-contacted treating liquid, so that the biochemical degradation is carried out by bringing the exhaust gas-contacted treating liquid into contact with the bacteria.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a structural block diagram of the system for treating an organic exhaust gas of the invention.    Organic exhaust gas (200)    Active carbon (213)    Treating liquid (260, 261)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen composition comprises hydrogen gas, and an odorant having a vapor pressure greater than 0.5 psi and a smell detectable at less than 1 ppm by a human nose, and being in vapor phase at detectable concentration at a pressure of 6000 psi.    USE - For use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has an odorant that is compatible with hydrogen without interfering with the components and energy conversion efficiency. The odorant has a unique odor and non-toxic to human beings and the environment. It has a strong smell, and a unique and unpleasant smell, detectable at less than 1 ppm.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method for detecting a hydrogen gas leak from a container, comprising providing a container containing a hydrogen composition, and detecting a leak from the container when the smell of an odorant present in the hydrogen composition is sensed; and    (2) a method of making a hydrogen composition, comprising providing hydrogen gas, and mixing an odorant with the hydrogen gas to the hydrogen composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model examining a hydrogen leak in a confined space.    Source scenario (1, 2)    Observation points (A-F)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen and hydrocarbons are produced and recovered from carbon-bearing feedstocks by reacting the feedstocks with oxygen (or air) and water or steam in a partial oxidation reactor; recovering hydrogen and carbon dioxide from gases exiting the reactor; reacting carbon monoxide exiting the reactor with steam in a Kolbel-Engelhardt reactor to produce hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide; and recovering the hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide.    USE - Producing and recovering hydrogen and hydrocarbons from carbon-bearing feedstock, e.g. coal, petroleum coke, residual oil from an oil refinery or natural gas (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process produces higher hydrocarbons and carbon dioxide. The bifunctional catalyst provides water gas shift and Fischer-Tropsch functions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is labeled diagram of the process.
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen gas comprises reacting an organic compound with a first metal hydroxide in a first reaction, producing hydrogen gas and a first metal carbonate; and reacting the first metal carbonate with a second metal hydroxide in a second reaction, producing a second metal carbonate.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas, and recovering a carbonate ion by-product.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids the production of environmentally harmful gases and/or regeneration of the base reactant.
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel supply port (74) in a fuel storing section (68) and connected to a solution supply port (52) of a fuel electrode of a fuel cell (12). A discharged-solution recovery port (76) on the discharged-solution storing section (70) is connected to a solution discharge port of an air electrode of the fuel cell. A sheet (66) separates the fuel section and discharged-solution recovery section from each other.    USE - Used for a portable device e.g. analog camera, notebook personal computer and portable telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The discharged-solution recovery port provided on the discharged-solution storing section is connected to solution discharge port of air electrode of fuel cell, thereby preventing the by-product e.g. water from leaking out and preventing a fuel from wastefully consumed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel pack and a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (12)    Solution supply port (52)    Sheet (66)    Fuel storing section (68)    Discharged-solution storing section (70)    Fuel supply port (74)    Discharged-solution recovery port (76)
NOVELTY - A gasoline reforming catalyst for fuel cell automobiles is provided, which has high catalyst activity, high hydrogen selectivity and low carbon monoxide selectivity and has improved durability against carbon deposition or sulfur poisoning. A preparation method of the catalyst is provided.    USE - Gasoline reforming catalyst is used for fuel cell automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalyst activity, high hydrogen selectivity and low carbon monoxide selectivity and has improved durability against carbon deposition or sulfur poisoning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The gasoline reforming catalyst for fuel cell automobiles is characterized in that the catalyst is manufactured by supporting 5 to 15 wt.% of Mg as a base catalyst constituent and two or more transition metals selected from transition metal group consisting of 2 to 15 wt.% of Ni, 0.1 to 15 wt.% of Co, 2 to 15 wt.% of Fe, 2 to 15 wt.% of Mo, 0.1 to 1.0 wt.% of Cr, 0 to 0.005 wt.% of Ti and 0 to 0.005 wt.% of Zr as active catalyst constituents onto a porous support of gamma-alumina or silica-alumina. The content of the porous support is 21 to 42 wt.% based on the metal weight.
NOVELTY - Provided is an apparatus for automatic and continuous measuring and checking up of temperature, moisture and oxygen concentration effecting on fermentation of organic wastes unlike conventional one time and hand-operated apparatus, and for automatic controlling of air-blower and mixer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus for automatic and continuous measuring and checking up the factors effecting on fermentation of organic wastes comprises the parts of: a rail (2) set on the upper side of the wall of a fermenting tank (1); a fermenter (3) on the rail; an escalator type mixer (4); a measuring module (6) containing a support frame (5) on the fermenter, a first and a second operating motor, and a sensor module composed of a moisture content sensor, a temperature sensor and an oxygen sensor; a data collector (7) converting data to signals; a wireless transmitter (8) and a controller (20).
NOVELTY - Provided are a bio-bead or bio-thread that comprises a polymerizing material and microorganisms immobilized to the polymerizing material, and a biological wastewater treatment system using the bio-bead for eliminating organic material, nitrogen and phosphorus in domestic and industrial wastewater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method comprises the steps of dissolving polymerizing material into acetone, mixing dehydrated mixed culture microorganism such as sewage or industrial wastewater sludge with the polymerizing material acetone solution, adding ceramic powder and activated carbon powder to the solution, depositing the solution onto a thread and drying the thread with the solution, where the polymerizing material is cellulose acetate, poly vinyl alcohol, and poly ethylene glycol.
NOVELTY - The biomass is gasified at 450-750 degreesC and subjected to dust collection process. The produced gas containing coal tar fractions is burnt at preset temperature and pressure, and high temperature combustion gas is generated.    USE - For combustion of wood-type biomass, e.g. farm products, timber and plant, used as fuel for generating electrical power.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of cold gas is improved. The sensible heat reduction of generated gas containing coal tar fraction is eliminated. The electrical power generation efficiency is improved, by exchanging the heat of fluidization gas of fluid bed furnace with gas turbine waste gas. The electrical power generation system is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) An electrical power generation method;    (2) A combustion system; and    (3) An electrical power generation system (100).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above electrical power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gasifier (4)    dust collector (5)    combustor (6)    gas turbine (7)    generator (8)    electrical power generation system (100)
NOVELTY - Deodorized Brassicaceae plant pigment is manufactured by acid-protease processing Brassicaceae plant raw material.    USE - For use in foodstuffs, drinks, pharmaceuticals, quasi-drug and cosmetics.    ADVANTAGE - The unpleasant odor or smell peculiar to Brassicaceae plant pigment is decreased significantly, thereby generation of stinking odor or smell during long-term preservation or by influence of light or heat in time-dependent manner, is suppressed significantly. The pigment does not impair the flavor of products e.g. foodstuffs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pigment formulation containing deodorized Brassicaceae plant pigment.
NOVELTY - A waste material gasification system has an indirect heating unit (5) for performing indirect heating of waste material and producing pyrolysis residue of gas and solid shape, and a direct heating unit (2) for heating the pyrolysis residue to produce gas. The direct heating unit is provided in the later flow path of the indirect heating unit.    USE - Used for producing energy from waste material such as organic waste, e.g. municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, industrial waste water and biomass.    ADVANTAGE - The load of the indirect heating unit is decreased and the volume of the indirect heating unit is reduced, and hence low calorie content of gas in the furnace is suppressed. The gasification system produces energy of high calorie.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A waste material gasification system has an indirect heating unit (kiln furnace) (5) for performing indirect heating of waste material and producing pyrolysis residue of gas and solid shape, and a direct heating unit (fluidized-bed gasification furnace) (2) for heating the pyrolysis residue to produce gas. The direct heating unit is provided in the later flow path of indirect heating unit. A waste material is heated, and gas is produced in the gasification system. The system produces energy based on the generated gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gasification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    drying device (1)    direct heating unit (2)    sand layer (2a)    indirect heating unit (5)    reformer (6)
NOVELTY - A condenser (9) supplies water vapor to a drying device (1) through a flowpath (218), to dry waste material filled inside the inner cylinder (1a) of the drying device.    USE - Used as a waste material gasification system for generating energy using from gasification gas produced by heating organic wastes such as municipal solid waste, sewage sludge, industrial waste, biomass, timber, construction waste material, waste tires, waste plastic and car shredder dust.    ADVANTAGE - The system reduces costs by avoiding separate a water supply to produce water vapor. The waste materials can be efficiently dried.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the waste material gasification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    drying machine (1)    inner cylinder of drying machine (1a)    ash melting furnace (4)    condenser (9)    flowpath (218)
NOVELTY - A solid fertilizer (1) comprising a deodorizing waste liquid (3) and an organic substance obtained by composting manure organic substance (2), where the deodorizing waste liquid is obtained by collecting the malodorous gas produced by mixing an acidic solution while composting organic substance and the deodorizing waste liquid is adsorbed to the organic substance and solidified, is new.    USE - The method is used to produce a fertilizer comprising a deodorizing waste liquid and an organic substance (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solid fertilizer has improved dispersion property and is handleable. The method is cost effective and enables effective production solid fertilizer with uniform particle size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing solid fertilizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the manufacturing apparatus of solid fertilizer (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solid fertilizer (1)    Manure organic substance (2)    Deodorizing waste liquid (3)    Mixing vessel (15)    Lump (32)
NOVELTY - Organic refuse in crushed state, is sequentially introduced to base side of fermenter (10). Organic refuse is stirred, and heating air ejected from downward side of fermenter base is exhausted under suction from upper surface of fermenter. Fermented material of light specific gravity, due to vertical movement, floats gradually and overflows from upper extraction opening of fermenter.    USE - For processing of organic refuse used for manufacture of manure.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method of organic refuse is continuous and enables to obtain perfect fermented material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for organic refuse processing apparatus. The organic refuse processing apparatus has a fermenter (10) and a heating air supply. The apparatus has exhausting unit of suction type installed in upper surface of fermenter, extraction opening (66) of fermentation completed material provided at upper side of fermenter, organic refuse injecting hopper (22) provided at exterior of fermenter, organic refuse cutter provided in organic refuse injecting hopper, introducing unit of cut organic refuse at the base vicinity of fermenter, and stirring unit, which stirs heating air and organic refuse. The heating air supply has heating air jet nozzle. The jet nozzle, which is penetrated into the base of fermenter, is installed in base vicinity in interior space of fermenter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the rough longitudinal cross sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    fermenter (10)    support shaft (12)    organic refuse hopper (22)    midair arm (44)    joining unit (50)    stirring fins (60,62,64)    extraction opening of fermented material (66)
NOVELTY - An organic waste processing apparatus comprises an oxygen-enriched-membrane module (2) that transfers oxygen gas in a closed-type fermenter (1) to an exterior side, according to partial pressure difference of oxygen gas in outer air, and oxygen gas in fermenter.    USE - For processing organic waste ejected from house, restaurant, supermarket, fish market, vegetable and fruit market and poultry area.    ADVANTAGE - Realizes space saving effect and energy saving effect. Prevents the generation of bad smell and achieves reduction in processing cost, and improvement in sanitation effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of organic waste processing apparatus.    fermenter (1)    oxygen-enriched-membrane module (2)    oxygen-enriched-membrane (5)    agitator (8)    sensor (9)
NOVELTY - A bio-deodorizing method comprises that a dust removal chamber (1) and bio-deodorizing chamber (2) are arranged in parallel, a soluble odor component and dust are removed in the dust removal chamber, and the treated gas is passed through a filter medium (21), to remove the sparingly soluble and undissolved odor component by disintegration of the micro-organism.    USE - For decomposing and removing odor component generated in sewage work.    ADVANTAGE - The soluble, sparingly soluble and undissolved odor component in the gas are removed effectively by simple process within short time at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for bio-deodorizing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the bio-deodorizing apparatus.    dust removal chamber (1)    bio-deodorizing chamber (2)    water sprinkling pipe (8,20)    filter medium (21)
NOVELTY - Organic waste processing apparatus has connection blades (33) that span between the leading edges of the stirring blades (32A-32F) which are rotatably supported on the shaft (31), within the treatment tank (20). The stirring mechanism exhibits isogonism at the circumferential direction of the treatment tank.    USE - For processing organic wastes such as organic refuse, by using organic waste processing agent which contains microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Decomposition ability by the microorganisms is evoked efficiently by improving the stirring property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the organic waste processing apparatus.    treatment tank (20)    shaft (31)    stirring blades (32A-32F)    connection blades (33)
NOVELTY - Waste-water treatment equipment comprises an ultra filtering membrane separator (30) that isolates waste water stored in a waste-water storage tank (20) to purified water and concentrated water, and a fluidized-bed-type bioreactor (40) processes the concentrated water isolated by the membrane separator.    USE - For processing waste water containing soluble oil consisting of a decomposition-resistant chemical oxygen demand (COD) component.    ADVANTAGE - Even if the waste-water contains soluble oil consisting of decomposition-resistant chemical oxygen demand (COD) component, the waste-water is processed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for waste-water treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the waste-water treatment equipment.    waste-water storage tank (20)    membrane separator (30)    circulation tank for membrane separator (32)    backwashing tank (33)    fluidized-bed-type bioreactor (40)    biological-treatment tank (41)    circulation tank for fluidized-bed-type bioreactor (42)    oxygen supply unit (43)    purified water retention tank (60)
NOVELTY - Urine is processed by separating solid content and water in urine, and fermenting-deodorizing human waste-solid content with rapid high temperature fermentation microbe.    USE - For producing human waste treated substance for use as manure-aging promoting additive, feed additive for poultry farming, fish breeding and fodder for pig farming.    ADVANTAGE - The method does not require incineration system, eliminates dioxin problems and does not require new expensive high temperature processing apparatus, hence inexpensive to perform. The produced human waste treated substance is non-poisonous. The method enables to develop complete recycling ecosystem for treatment of human waste.
NOVELTY - A preheater in the form of coil like pipe (3a), is arranged at the water storage section (1a) of an ammonia stripper (1).    USE - The apparatus is useful for removing ammonia in waste water obtained during methane fermentation of livestock waste, human waste, or organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - The maintenance property of the removal apparatus is improved. The installation cost and space are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the ammonia removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Ammonia stripper (1)    Water storage section (1a)    Coil like pipe (3a)    Treatment unit (4)    Water pump (5)
NOVELTY - Jellyfish (1) are fermented with enzymes (3) to decompose protein, fat and carbohydrate contents. The decomposed product is aggregated with a flocculant (2).    USE - The method is useful for processing jellyfishes useful as raw material in fertilizer.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively processes jellyfishes and prevents unpleasant smell during processing and also prevents increase in solubility chemical oxygen demand.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for jellyfish processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of jellyfish processing method.    Jellyfish (1)    Flocculant (2)    Enzyme (3)    Storage tank (4)    Separation tank (5)    Supernatant water (6)    Water-treatment tank (7)
NOVELTY - A yeast of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae Kakegawa strain, is new. The yeast is added to the garbage, unused organic substance waste material and agriculture-forestry and fishing waste material for fermentation to give a life stock feed, culture feed or pet food.    USE - The yeast is useful for fermenting organic waste material such as garbage, unused organic substance ejected from foodstuff production process, expired goods, waste material from restaurants, agriculture and forestry, fishing etc., to form livestock feed, culture feed and pet feed.    ADVANTAGE - The taste of livestock feed, culture feed and pet feed is improved. The feed obtained effectively improves the digestion and absorption property of livestock, exhibits health enhancement and growth of livestock. The feed prevents infection, ascites and sudden death syndrome in the livestock, fish and pet. The meat quality is improved efficiently. The feed can be preserved over a long period of time. The feed can be manufactured at low cost by recycling organic substance waste material. The feed obtained effectively suppress the fecal odor, shortens the raising period of livestock and softens the meat quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic fermentation fodder formation method which involves adding the fermentation yeast to the organic substance waste material ejected from the garbage, foodstuff production process, expired goods, restaurant, agriculture and forestry waste material.
NOVELTY - Dephosphorylating microbes are cultured using a culture solution containing starch.    USE - For culturing dephosphorylating microbes such as Micrococcus.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables effective and rapid culturing of dephosphorylating microbes.
NOVELTY - A microorganism (I) capable of decomposing a female-sex-hormone substance, belonging to Rhodococcus or Sphingomonas genus, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for degrading female-sex-hormone substance in contaminated soil or drainage, where (I) is cultured on the surface of a solid support (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) efficiently decomposes female-sex-hormone substance such as 17 beta-estradiol present in a contaminated soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for decomposing female-sex-hormone substance, comprising an unit to support (I), where the microorganisms are made to contact with the contaminated soil or drainage.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph which shows the decomposition effect of Rhodococcus equi, R.zopfii and Sphingomonas sp. on 17 beta-estradiol. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Blended powder of titanium (T) hydride and magnesium (M) is put in container, and air is removed from container. Hydrogen gas (HG) is supplied into container at more than normal pressure (NP). Powder is then mechanically alloyed in ball mill, moved to container, and HG is removed. Air is gently introduced into container, and antioxidation is performed at NP to form M-T type hydrogen occlusion alloy.    USE - For manufacturing magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy (claimed) used for storing hydrogen, which is used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy having low operating temperature. The occlusion alloy easily supplies large amounts of hydrogen to hydrogen-oxygen type fuel cell. The alloy has structural mixture, which uniformly dispersed magnesium powder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Titanium is pulverized and hydrogenated simultaneously to form titanium hydride (TiH2) powder. TiH2 powder is then blended with magnesium (Mg) powder. The resulting powder is put into a container, which is capable of sealing the powder, and air is removed from the container by carrying out vacuum suction. Hydrogen gas is then supplied into the container at a pressure higher than normal pressure. The obtained powder is then mechanically alloyed in a ball mill having metal balls, in hydrogen gas atmosphere by applying rotation or vibration. The alloyed powder is then transferred to the container, and vacuum suction is applied to remove hydrogen gas from the container. Air is gradually introduced into the container, and anti-oxidation is performed at normal pressure. Magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy is obtained.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows PCT curve of magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy at 230 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A reaction container (30) accommodates a heater (20) and a catalyst layer (34) which receives hydrocarbon from raw material tank (10). The catalyst layer comprises hydrocarbon decomposition catalyst which carries out decomposition of hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon. The container has hydrogen outlet (46) as well as space (32) for holding the carbon produced by the catalytic reaction.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is manufactured easily without production of carbon monooxide. Reduces size of the apparatus. The serial process of carbon monooxide removal is made unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon decomposition catalyst has support selected from titania, zirconia, silica, alumina, magnesia, graphitized carbon fiber mixed nickel, cobalt and iron group. The hydrocarbon is butane or propane. The heater is a burner. The fuel for a burner is hydrocarbon supplied from the raw material tank. An external air feed pipe (26) introduces air into the burner and air inlet tube (28) introduces air to the reaction container. The filters (38) for carbon removal is installed in the hydrogen outlet. The reaction container is covered with a heat insulator (16). The burner is installed in a central space (42) of the reaction container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of the hydrogen manufacture apparatus.    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    heat insulator (16)    burner (20)    air feed pipe (26)    air inlet tube (28)    reaction container (30)    catalyst layer (34)    filters (36,38)    space (42)    hydrogen outlet (46)
NOVELTY - A method for manufacturing compost (8), involves adding ammonia removal agent (3) containing zeolite, magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate or zinc-phosphate ammonium which are heated at 200 degreesC or less, to compost raw material (1) or compost fermentation process, and removing and immobilizing the ammonia produced at the time of fermentation by ammonia removal agent.    USE - For manufacturing compost from organic waste such as organic refuse, foodstuffs waste material, sewage sludge, human waste and industrial wastewater.    ADVANTAGE - The method and apparatus efficiently provides compost and have excellent ammonia removal effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compost manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow sheet of fermenter of compost manufacturing equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    compost raw material (1)    fermentation apparatus (2)    ammonia removal agent (3)    ammonia removal agent pouring apparatus (4)    compost (8)
NOVELTY - A heater (22) heats a catalyst (18) which contains hydrocarbon supplied from a storage tank (10), to carry out dehydrogenation. A separation tank (20) separates the decalin from naphthalene and ejects the hydrogen gas generated in the dehydrogenation process.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell mounted on vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Pure hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen use apparatus, thereby improving its efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (10)    catalyst (18)    separation tank (20)    heater (22)    hydrogen separation unit (32)
NOVELTY - The organic waste material is mechanically crushed, and the crushed waste material is solubilized. The obtained solubilized liquid is subjected to anaerobic digestion process, and methane gas is recovered. The digestive liquor obtained in the digestion process is subjected to solid-liquid separation process. Thus, organic waste is processed.    USE - For processing organic waste, ejected from kitchen and foodstuff industries.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method efficiently performs methane fermentation in short period of time, by anaerobic microorganism. Thus, the methane gas is effectively recovered from the organic waste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the apparatus for processing organic waste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    mechanical shredding equipment (1)    enzyme-reaction tank (2)    anaerobic digester (3)    precipitation tank (4)    compost apparatus (5)
NOVELTY - The discharge outlet (2) is provided at the bottom portion of the methane fermentation tank (1). The discharge pipe (4) is pivotally coupled to the outlet (2) by swivel coupling (3). The open end (8) of the discharge pipe is supported by a float. A manual operation winch (6) is provided for winding the rope (7) which is attached to the float.    USE - For methane fermentation tank.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy adjustment of digestive liquid level in tank with simple mechanism at low cost, and controls discharge to suit requirement, as manual operation winch is provided to pull down float supporting open end discharge pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic sectional view of the digestive liquor discharge mechanism in methane fermentation tank.    methane fermentation tank (1)    discharge outlet (2)    swivel coupling (3)    discharge pipe (4)    float (5)    winch (6)    rope (7)    open end of discharge pipe (8)
NOVELTY - The thin-film gas sensor comprises a heater (H), a resistance bulb (T) made of an alloy of titanium, tantalum, or chromium, and a gas-sensing film (S1), which are formed on the same surface of an insulating film arranged on a diaphragm provided on a substrate (B).    USE - For use in gas-leakage alarm unit which provides warning about leakage of gas such as carbon monoxide, methane, C3H8 (propane), and ethanol.    ADVANTAGE - Since the bulb, heater and the gas-sensing film are arranged on the same surface of an insulating film, eliminates the need for interposing separate insulating films between the bulb, heater, and the gas-sensing film. Improves the attachment property of the sensor to the substrate, by use of the bulb made of specific alloys. The time-dependent stability of the bulb, is improved, even is the sensor is operated at high temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of a thin-film gas sensor.    board (B)    heater (H)    silicon film (L1)    gas-sensing film (S1)    bulb (T)
NOVELTY - Nitrogen is obtained from liquid air. Water vapor is made to act on iron which electrolyzed and became red-hot, to obtain hydrogen. Hydrogen and nitrogen are reacted, to produce ammonia. Cooling pressurization of ammonia gas is carried out, and liquid ammonia is obtained. The liquid ammonia and water are loaded and reacted in a motor vehicle, to produce hydrogen.    USE - For fixing reclaiming hydrogen used as fuel for vehicle and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is obtained easily and economically by combining chemical substance which is abundant naturally. The chemical substance is easy to handle, and decomposition of the substance is performed easily. Thus, the method enables reuse of hydrogen effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for decomposition of nitrogen dioxide or dinitrogen tetraoxide.
NOVELTY - A small hydrogen storage tank (1) has a content-volume portion (5) in which hydrogen occlusion alloy (8) is held. The storage tank consists of plastic material, and the ratio of volume content (V in cm3) and outer-surface area (A in cm2), is 1 or less.    USE - For fuel cells as electric power unit of portable electronic device such as mobile telephone, digital camera, portable music apparatus and personal digital assistant.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage tank enables weight reduction of portable electronic device. The hydrogen storage tank is safe and has excellent hydrogen absorption-and-release property and durability, and is obtained at reduced cost using simple process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of small hydrogen storage tank, which involves integrating units for tanks comprising thermoplastic material by laser welding or ultrasonic welding, and setting as tank with ratio of volume content and surface area of 1 or less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section top view of small hydrogen storage tank.    small hydrogen storage tank (1)    content-volume portion (5)    outer-surface portion (6)    hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (8)
NOVELTY - The assembly for recycling useful material from liquid waste has an activation stage, a fermenting station and a pyrolysis unit. The activation stage breaks down carbons, together with cleaning using a vegetation treatment and denitrification of the waste. The fermenting stage has one or more lines with mesophilic and/or thermophilic fermenters. The pyrolysis unit degasses the dried digested sludge.    USE - The assembly is for recycling useful matter from liquid waste e.g. liquids which can be fermented but are no longer fit for consumption, production waste, grease separator contents, liquid industrial sludge, or liquids which cannot be fermented i.e. oil/water mixtures.    ADVANTAGE - The operation of the assembly strikes an energy balance which can even be positive, and can treat and process a variety of liquid wastes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the liquid waste recycling assembly (the drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - In a process to make cement by the pyrolysis and gasification of substances containing organic components, the organic components are introduced to a vertical kiln pyrolysis crack reactor (23) together with a hot ground solid admixture (17).    USE - Used to convert domestic refuse to cement.    ADVANTAGE - The process achieves a higher conversion ratio tan prior art.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic substances comprises wholly or in part of household refuse or similar. The pyrolysis crack reactor has no moving mixer blades. The refuse is exposed to high-temperature steam (26). The hot ground admixture is introduced in fluidized form via a siphon (16). The pyrolysis gas product is surrendered to a calcinator firing unit. Also claimed is a commensurate assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the main parts of a pyrolysis cement works.    Hot ground admixture (17)    down-pipe (18)    overflow (20)    steam (21)    down-pipe (22)    pyrolysis reactor (23)    organic refuse (24)    pyrolysis raw gas (25)    steam (26)    coke residue (27)
NOVELTY - The operating medium cooling system (12) has an adjustable operating medium distribution element (30), for separating the operating medium flow to be cooled (20,28) into at least 2 partial flows (32,36). The distribution element is coupled to an operating medium cooling unit (34) for one of the partial flows, with subsequent mixing of the partial flows to provide the cooled operating medium flow (50).    USE - The cooling system is used for the operating medium flow in a fuel cell reformer system for an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Adjustment of operating medium distribution element allows precise cooling of operating medium to constant temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell reformer system.    Fuel cell reformer system (10)    Cooling system (12)    Operating medium flow to be cooled (20,28)    Distribution element (30)    Partial flows (32,36)    Cooling unit (34)    Cooled operating medium flow (50)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell having a channel structure for necessary fluid flow comprises an element (4) for changing the flow cross section in at least one channel (2) for the automatic control of fluid flow (5). Preferably the element is a bimetallic strip.    USE - As an electrochemical cell, especially a proton exchange membrane fuel cell or an electrolysis cell (claimed)    ADVANTAGE - Moisture, temperature and/or reactant distribution is improved giving an increased cell efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - A side sectional view of a channel is shown    support plate (1)    channel (2)    channel floor (3)    bimetallic strip (4)    fluid flow (5)
NOVELTY - A silaging aid comprising lactic acid-produced bacteria and an inhibitor against Clostridium, is new.    USE - In the silaging of green fodder.    ADVANTAGE - There is a rapid decrease in pH from the start of fermentation and the activity of Clostridinium bacteria is prevented or at least greatly reduced. In spite of a retardation of lactic acid fermentation in the starting phase there is a strong inhibition of Clostridinium activity. Yeast propagation can also be prevented when other additives are present along with the bacteria/inhibitor combination.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for treatment of green fodder to be ensilaged, the treatment involving addition of lactic acid-produced bacteria and an inhibitor against Clostridium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graphs show the change in pH and contents of lactic acid, butyric acid and Clostridinium spores during fermentation as a function of the dry content of the nitrate- and additive-free starting material.
NOVELTY - A carbon-manufacturing device comprises a conveyor (A) for conveying an organic matter container (W). Operation, thermolysis and cooling units (B, C, D) are arranged sequentially in the container conveyance path (R). An exhaust-gas treatment unit (F) is connected to a thermolysis gas liquefaction unit (E), which is connected to the thermolysis unit.    USE - Used for manufacturing carbon from industrial waste such as organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The device enables the manufacture of high quality carbon and thereby increases the thermal efficiency, reduces the bad odor and black smoke discharged to the atmosphere, and thereby prevents environmental pollution, and enables economical use of carbon in industry, as the labor is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of the carbon-manufacturing device.    conveyor (A)    operation unit (B)    thermolysis unit (C)    cooling unit (D)    thermolysis liquefaction unit (E)    exhaust gas treatment unit (F)    organic matter container (W)
NOVELTY - A terminal plate for an electrochemical cell, comprises a metal plate having a manifold region with an aperture to permit the passage of a fluid; and corrosion resistant coating applied to at least a portion of the manifold region including the aperture.    USE - For electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack comprising the terminal plate has no evidence of any aluminum substrate corrosion at any location on the terminal plate. There is no contamination of the flow channels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of producing a terminal plate for an electrochemical cell, comprising applying a corrosion resistant coating to at least a portion of the manifold region of metal plate including the aperture; and    (2) a method of producing a fuel cell stack, comprising providing a terminal plate, endplate having a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid, and fitting to be attached to the connection port; surface treating the fitting to form a passive coating; and attaching the fitting to the connection port.
NOVELTY - Drill cuttings are decontaminated by passing steam through the drill cuttings.    USE - For decontaminating drill cuttings, and for obtaining a bioremediated material (claimed), used as an inoculum in a waste material decontamination process.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method has the effect of smelting and dispersing parts of many, if not all, fractions of oil contaminants in the drill cuttings. Additionally, steam treatment can enhance the physiological status of some of the indigenous microorganisms in the drill cuttings. The use of the steam overcomes the wetting problem, and is more successful at permeating through the drill cuttings.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an apparatus for decontamination of drill cuttings (2), comprising a perforated conveyor; and steam generator(s) for passing steam through the perforated conveyor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the above process for decontaminating drill cuttings.    Drill cuttings (2)    Conveyor (4, 20)    Low-temperature steam generator (9)    Vacuum pump (13)    Steam recovery system (15)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of a filter for hydrogen production comprises: a through-hole closing process on a conductive, copper plating process, a film-forming process in which a palladium alloy is plated on the conductive substrate, and a selective etching process.    USE - The filter is used in a reformer for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The filter enables the production of high purity hydrogen gas by a stable process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacture of a filter for hydrogen production comprises:    (1) a through-hole closing process by providing a metal plate on one surface of a conductive substrate having many through-holes via a magnet;    (2) a copper plating process which fills the through holes by forming a copper plating layer on the conductive substrate and the metal plate exposed in the through holes, from the conductive substrate surface side on which the metal plate is not provided;    (3) a film-forming process which forms a Pd alloy film by plating on the conductive substrate after removing the metal plate; and    (4) a process for removing the copper plating layer by selective etching.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a thin film supporting substrate which has a metal substrate, columnar projecting parts formed on one surface of the metal plate and through holes which penetrate the metal substrate at a non-formation site of the columnar projections where the area of the columnar projection non-formation sites is 20-90% of the non-formation surface side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 5 shows the thin film support substrate.    Thin film supporting substrate (51)    Metal plate (52)    Non-formation site of projections (52a)    Columnar projection part (53)    Through holes (54)
NOVELTY - Desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbons comprises using a metal desulfurizing agent under specified conditions involving operation temperature, operation pressure, and 50% distillation temperature.    USE - Used for the manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells by reforming desulfurized liquid hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The sulfur content of kerosene can be efficiently lowered without the addition of hydrogen. The lifetime of the desulfurizing agent is prolonged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The desulfurization conditions satisfy Tcpe/T50 = 1.06 x Pcpe0.44 - 1.78 x Pcpe0.22 (I).    Tcpe = operation temperature (degreesC);    Pcpe = operation pressure (MPa);    T50 = distillation temperature after 50% distillation calculated by the test method for distillation at atmospheric pressure given by JISK 2254.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells by reforming desulfurized liquid hydrocarbons.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (10) has a fluid flow field (42) connectable to fluid holes for causing fluid to flow along a surface of an electrode. A switching mechanism selects a fluid hole used as a fluid supply port for supplying the fluid to the fluid flow field to a fluid discharge port for discharging the fluid from the fluid flow field to change the flow direction of the fluid in the fluid flow field continuously.    USE - Used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The fluids flow in the fluid flow fields along the electrode surfaces, and the flow directions of the fluids are changed continuously. The fuel cell uniformly performs the power generation over the entire electrode surfaces, and the entire electrode surfaces are uniformly utilized, thus the durability of the electrolyte electrode assembly is effectively improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view representing the main components of the fuel cell.    Fuel cell (10)    Membrane electrode assembly (24)    Separators (26, 28)    Cathode (40)    Flow field (42)
NOVELTY - The cell (10) has fluid holes positioned outside electrodes and extending through separators (26, 28) for passing a fluid, which has one of the oxygen-containing gas, a fuel gas, and a coolant, through the separators. A fluid flow field (42) is selectively connected to the holes which are used as a fluid supply and discharge ports, respectively, for causing the fluid to flow circularly along a surface of the electrode.    USE - Used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The fluid hole prevents the fluid from staying centrally on the surfaces of the electrodes to keep the electrode surfaces in a uniform state, thereby enabling a high stable output of electrical energy. The structure of the fluid flow field is simplified, hence easily making it possible to reduce the size of the overall fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of main components of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (10)    Electrolyte electrode assembly (24)    Separators (26, 28)    Cathode (40)    Fluid flow field (42)
NOVELTY - The assembly (10) has reactant gas flow fields (46) extending through fuel cells, respectively for supplying a reactant gas to the fuel cells. The reactant gas flow fields are connected in series partially, and have a fuel gas and an oxygen-containing gas. Coolant flow fields (48) are formed on opposite sides of the cell assembly, respectively for supplying a coolant straight in one direction.    USE - Used in a vehicle for supplying electric energy to the vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The coolant flows through the coolant flow fields in one direction smoothly, thereby improving the cooling efficiency, and the temperature difference does not occur in or between the cell assemblies. The power generation performance in the fuel cells is not degraded, and the desired power generation performance of the overall cell assembly is reliably maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell assembly.    Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell assembly (10)    Separator (28, 30)    Electrode assembly (18, 20)    Oxygen-containing gas flow field (46)    Coolant flow field (48)
NOVELTY - The system has a fuel cell (12) with two reactant inlets and outlets, and coolant inlet and outlet. Reactant supply subsystems supply reactant incoming streams to the respective reactant inlets. A reactant recirculation subsystem (40,60) recirculates a portion of a reactant exhaust stream from one of the reactant outlet to a regenerative dryer subsystem (80) to transfer heat and moisture to the reactant incoming streams.    USE - Used for a vehicular application.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel system is able to provide highly efficient and sufficient humidity over a wide variety of flow rates for both the oxidant and fuel systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of controlling the reactants and water in a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic flow diagram of a fuel cell gas and water management.    Fuel cell (12)    Fuel supply line (20)    Oxidant supply line (30)    Reactant recirculation subsystem (40,60)    Regenerative dryer subsystem (80)
NOVELTY - The method involves sensing a parameter (pressure, temperature) indication of an enthalpy of a steam. Another parameter (current, voltage) indication of power demand on a cell stack assembly is sensed. Flow of hydrocarbon fuel feedstock is regulated to a processing system (14) as a function of enthalpy and power demand, and the enthalpy of steam is regulated to meet variations in power demand within steam pressure limits.    USE - Used for maintaining balanced steam supply in a fuel processing system.    ADVANTAGE - The method manages thermal energy in a low temperature fuel cell power plant to provide the responsiveness needed in the fuel reformation process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell power plant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic representation of fuel cell power plant.    Fuel cell power plant (10)    Fuel cell stack assembly (12)    Fuel processing system (14)    Auto thermal reformer (32)    Burner (36)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage unit comprises a hydrogen storage vessel (1) partially filled with hydrogen storage alloy, a primary loop (4) to transfer heat to and from the hydrogen storage alloy, a secondary loop (8) thermally coupled to the primary loop, and an electrical heater thermally connected with the primary loop to receive electrical current from a power source internal or external to the vehicle.    USE - For use in hydrogen powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The primary and secondary loops minimize the time needed for refueling the vehicle and supply heat to the hydrogen storage vessel to aid in the release of hydrogen from hydrogen storage alloy during operation of vehicle and start-up.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of the inventive hydrogen storage unit.    Hydrogen storage vessel (1)    Primary loop inlet (3)    Primary loop (4)    Primary loop outlet (5)    Valve (6)    Directionally coupled turbine (7)    Secondary loop (8)    Heat exchanger (9)
NOVELTY - A refrigerant comprises a hydrofluorocarbon component comprising a mixture of R134a, R227ea and optionally R125; and not more than 6.5% of a hydrocarbon component, where the amount of R227ea and R125 if present, is at least 35% of the hydrofluorocarbon component.    USE - Refrigerant for centrifugal compressor and used for emulsifying lubricated oil in a refrigerant (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - HFC-227ea is a good fire suppressant, thus the quantity of the flammable component can be maximized while still retaining non-flammability in the blend. It has a molecular weight higher than that of CFC-12 and can be mixed with components that have lower molecular weights CFC-12 to produce a blend with a molecular weight similar to that of CFC-12. Butane promotes the solubility of mineral oil in the blend. Blends containing HFC-227ea and a hydrocarbon emulsify the lubricating oil in the blend. The emulsion is effective in ensuring oil return to the compressor and/or reservoir. HFC-134a improves energy efficiency. HFC-227ea and butane form azeotropic and near-azeotropic compositions so that the risk of fractionation into flammable mixtures is minimized.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generating material and water are weighed and supplied to high-pressure container (1) through a supply port (6). The hydrogen generating material and water are reacted after the supply port is closed, so that target high hydrogen pressure is attained in high-pressure container during reaction.    USE - For producing high-pressure hydrogen used as vehicle for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high-pressure hydrogen is produced by economical and simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for system for producing high-pressure hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection between the high-pressure container and fuel cell.    High pressure container (1)    Supply port (6)    Connecting portion (7)    Discharge portion (8)    Fuel cell (13)
NOVELTY - The system has a sight glass (16) located within a fuel reservoir (14). The reservoir has indicia (19) to provide an indication of an amount of liquid hydrocarbon fuel present in the reservoir. The indicia have a capacitive unit, a resistive unit, a transparent portion of the reservoir, a float and an acoustic transmitter coupled with an acoustic receiver.    USE - Used for electronic device e.g. cellular telephone, two-way radio, laptop computer and personal data assistant.    ADVANTAGE - The sight glass and the indicia facilitate a user to visually interpret the amount of liquid hydrocarbon fuel present in the fuel reservoir.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of an electronic device powered by a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (10)    Electronic device (12)    Fuel reservoir (14)    Sight glass (16)    Indicia (19)
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition comprises a first constituent of difluoromethane (HFC-32); a second constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a); a third constituent of 1,1-difluoroethane (HFC-152a); and a fourth constituent consisting of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea), isobutane, 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane, or butane.    USE - Used as replacement of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22).    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not have any risk to damage the ozone layer, thus there is no concern to be restricted in its use.
NOVELTY - A refrigerant composition comprises a first constituent of difluoromethane (HFC-32); a second constituent of 1,1,1-trifluoroethane (HFC-143a); a third constituent of 1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane (HFC-227ea); and a fourth constituent consisting of isobutane (R-600a), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoropropane and butane.    USE - The invention is used as replacement of chlorodifluoromethane (HCFC-22). It is applied for a refrigeration system.    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not have any risk to damage the ozone layer, thus there is no concern to be restricted in its use.
NOVELTY - Removing carbon dioxide from a mass of natural gas comprises cooling a portion of the mass to form a slurry comprising liquid natural gas and solid carbon dioxide; flowing the slurry into a hydrocyclone; forming a thickened slush including solid carbon dioxide and a portion of liquid natural gas; flowing the thickened slush through an underflow of the hydrocyclone; and flowing a remaining portion of liquid natural gas through an overflow.    USE - For removing carbon dioxide from a mass of natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides for low cost, efficient and effective way of producing liquefied natural gas from a source of relatively dirty or unpurified natural gas without the need for pre-purification.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for removing carbon dioxide from a mass of natural gas comprising a compressor configured to produce a compressed stream of natural gas from at least a portion of the mass of natural gas; heat exchanger(s) positioned and configured for receiving and cooling the compressed stream; an expansion valve positioned and configured for receiving and expanding the cooled compressed stream and forming a slurry which comprises liquid natural gas and solid carbon dioxide; and a hydrocyclone positioned and configured to receive the slurry and separate the slurry into a first portion of liquid natural gas and a thickened slush comprising the solid carbon dioxide and a second portion of the liquid natural gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a liquefaction plant.    Pipeline (104)    Pressure regulators (106)    Feed gas (108)    Flow meter (110, 120)    Plant outlet (114)    Vessel (116)    Vessel outlet (118)    Vessel inlet (122)    Valve/meter set (124, 138)    Piping (126)    Second plant inlet (128)    Downstream section (130)    Vent piping (134)    Interface points (136A, 136B)
NOVELTY - The aqueous composition comprises Yarrowia lipolytica and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms, in addition to a nonionic surfactant.    USE - For the maintenance of sewage pipe or drain systems and septic tanks (claimed). Examples of septic tanks include toilets in caravans, aircraft, trains, buses, boats or holiday homes. The composition helps break down all organic material (e.g. human waste products and toilet paper) into a substantially anaerobic liquid    ADVANTAGE - Organic material is broken down into a substantially anaerobic liquid free from environmentally harmful substances, allowing the material to be disposed of naturally or used as fertilizer. No mechanical parts are required for this maintenance work.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aqueous composition comprises Yarrowia lipolytica and Bacillus subtilis microorganisms, in addition to a nonionic surfactant. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Sewage pipe system and septic maintenance method in which the above composition is added to the system or a tank; and    (2) Isolated bacteria Bacillus subtilis deposited as NCIMB 41118
NOVELTY - Preparation of magnesia-supported methane transformation catalysts involves solubilization of a lithium, samarium or praseodymium compound in an alcoholic solution containing a magnesium alkoxide. The solution, gelling through the effect of temperature, is dried, calcined and then heat treated in oxygen at 500-750 degreesC. The lithium, samarium and praseodymium are partly incorporated in the magnesia, giving controlled acidity and porosity, and the methane transformation yields ethane and ethylene.    USE - For transformation of methane.
NOVELTY - Provided are compact, flexible and economical nitrogen removal process for municipal and industrial wastewater by using thermal hydrolysate of a thermal hydrolysis process as carbon source, wherein the process is advantageous in high carbon source generation rate, sludge dehydration rate, and sterilization effect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The process comprises a primary sedimentation tank(12) for firstly settling down sludge of wastewater, a nitrogen treatment tank(14) being comprised of a plurality of tanks with mixers and media therein for eliminating nitrogen in effluent of the first sedimentation tank(12), a settling tank(16) for secondly settling down sludge in effluent of the nitrogen treatment tank, a thickening tank(18) for thickening sludge from the first sedimentation tank(12) and the settling tanks(16), a thermal hydrolysis tank(20) for treating the thickened sludge at 150-180deg. C under 5-10 bar for 10-30 minutes, a dehydration tank(22) for dehydrating the thermal hydrolysate, a digestion tank(26) for storing the thermal hydrolysate and fermenting the dehydrated sludge, and an aerobic deammonification tank(32) for treating highly concentrated nitrogen by aerobic deammonification process using filtrate of the dehydration tank(22) and media.
NOVELTY - A method for producing hydrogen from such wet organic waste as food processing dregs, organic sludge and agricultural waste by anaerobic fermentation of Clostridium butyricum is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is characterized in that organic waste is first fermented anaerobically at temperature of 35 to 37 deg.C at pH 6 to 7 in the presence of Clostridium butyricum, so that hydrogen and a culture liquid containing a large quantity of organic acid are produced. Then, organic acid is continuously treated through photofermentation process using Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides to produce hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A method for producing hydrogen from such wet organic waste as food processing dregs, organic sludge and agricultural waste by anaerobic fermentation of Clostridium butyricum is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method is characterized in that anaerobic fermentation process of organic waste is performed at temperature of 35 to 37 deg.C at pH 6 to 7 in the presence of Clostridium butyricum, wherein the Clostridium butyricum is cultured in PYG medium (modified).
NOVELTY - Container storing fuel-electrode hydrogen off-gas at the time of full load operation, generates electric power at the time of partial load operation by using hydrogen as a fuel.    USE - Self-heat retention solid-oxide type fuel cell (SOFC) system for electric heater.    ADVANTAGE - Provides heat independently at the time of full load operation as well as at the time of partial load operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solid-oxide type fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The pressure of air supplied to a cathode (7) is changed based on the load and drive condition, so the pressure of air supplied during high load drive is more than the pressure of air supplied during a partial load drive. The cathode gas flow rate is reduced during the partial load drive.    USE - Molten carbonate form fuel-cell (MCFC) electric-power-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - By changing flow rate and pressure ratio of air supply, the battery is cooled efficiently, thereby increasing the life of the battery and electric power generation efficiency of the system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric-power-generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the molten carbonate form fuel-cell electric-power-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    cathode (7)    cathode gas recycle piping (8)    cooler (18)    drive actigen (20)    air supply unit (23)
NOVELTY - A supply unit (41) supplies methanol aqueous solution stored in a fuel cartridge (30) to a direct-methanol fuel-battery. A recognition unit (90) recognizes mounting of the cartridge to a cartridge mounting unit, when mechanical and electrical connections between a discharge nozzle and an accession unit, and a connecting terminal and a terminal portion, are respectively detected.    USE - For use as electric power unit for portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the mounting state of the fuel cartridge is recognized effectively, the electric power is generated efficiently and useless power consumption is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct methanol fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cartridge (30)    methanol aqueous-solution container (32)    memory (33)    pumps (41,42)    recognition unit (90)
NOVELTY - The residual amount of aqueous methanol solution in the fuel cartridge (30) and the operating-state of direct methanol fuel battery (DMFC) are notified to an electronic device (200) through a communication device (80).    USE - Fuel cell device with direct methanol fuel battery (DMFC) for electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to indicate the actual power generation time in battery to stabilize fuel cell battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a direct methanol fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell device (10)    DFMC controller (20)    fuel cartridge (30)    solution feed pump (41)    air supply pump (42)    secondary battery (60)    communication unit (80)    DFMC electromotive device (100)    electronic device (200)
NOVELTY - A pair of pumps (41,42) supply methanol aqueous solution and oxygen to a direct-methanol-fuel battery. A controller (20) controls supply capacity of each pump according to the detected temperature of the fuel battery.    USE - For use as electric power unit of portable electronic device e.g. microcomputer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the supply capacity of the pump is controlled effectively, operation efficiency is improved and excess electric power generation is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct-methanol-fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel-cell device (10)    controller (20)    fuel cartridge (30)    pumps (41,42)    secondary battery (60)
NOVELTY - An antimicrobial humus is produced by grinding Quercus acutissima and Japanese oak leaves, fermenting the obtained ground raw material, followed by providing antimicrobial property by mixing granular bakuhan-health-stone and drying at high temperature.    USE - For producing antimicrobial humus useful in promoting plant growth.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce humus with excellent antimicrobial effect. The humus effectively suppresses generation of alga, fungi and other pathogenic microbes, hence promotes growth of plants in healthy condition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of antimicrobial humus production. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Manufacture of fertilizer from droppings of hen comprising using device equipped with rectangular pipe-like fermentation tank (1), sliding shaft (10), rotary unit (11) provided at equal spacing with respect to sliding axial direction and numerous stirring blades in which radiation direction is projected with respect to the rotary unit, is new.    USE - The method is useful for producing fertilizer from droppings of hen.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce fertilizer by decomposing droppings of hen effectively in short period. The fertilizer produced by the method effectively promotes plant growth and suppresses reproduction of putrefying bacteria.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fertilizer, which is produced from droppings of hen by the above method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of fermentation tank.    Fermentation tank (1)    Stirring tank (1a,1b)    Axial supports (8,9)    Sliding shaft (10)    Rotary unit (11)
NOVELTY - The slurry storage tank (1) for treatment facility to ferment slurry (2) of livestock excretion and urine, has a main structure (5) with a sheet (4) in the form of a bag, an injection hole (6) for pouring slurry into the bag and a discharge port (7) for ejecting slurry from the bag.    USE - The tank is useful for performing fermentation processing of slurry of livestock excretion and urine.    ADVANTAGE - The storage tank containing the bag is cost effective for treating slurry. The slurry of livestock excretion and urine is effectively fermented to from fertilizer. The storage tank can be installed at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic structure of storage tank for treating slurry.    Slurry storage tank (1)    Slurry (2)    Treatment facility (3)    Sheet (4)    Main structure (5)    Injection hole (6)    Discharge port (7)
NOVELTY - A filtration chamber (8) comprising a fibrous bundle which performs solid-liquid separation of water, is new. The fibrous bundle is backwashed by bio-gas obtained from anaerobic treatment tank (1).    USE - The equipment is useful as waste water treatment equipment.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents reduction of processing efficiency of waste water. Reduces running cost sharply, since bio-gas is utilized for backwashing the fibrous bundle of the filtration chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram explaining waste water treatment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Anaerobic treatment tank (1)    Gas return valve (5)    Filtration chamber (8)    Processing waste water drain valve (16)    Blower (17)
NOVELTY - The deodorizer (60) has a jet pipe (61) which circulates air from downward to upward direction, having a catalyst unit (62) which decomposes and removes odor component from heated gas. The catalyst unit has dripping prevention plate (65) which prevents dripping of liquefied product formed on downstream side of catalyst due to catalytic reaction, penetrating into gas flowing route of the catalyst unit.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse collected from kitchen using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - Due to dripping prevention unit, the liquefied product does not penetrate into the gas flow routes of the catalyst unit, therefore clogging of the gas flow routes is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst unit is arranged such that a predetermined space (63) is formed between inner wall of jet pipe and the catalyst unit. A packing (64) connects the inner wall of the jet pipe and the catalyst unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the whole deodorizer.    Deodorizer (60)    Jet pipe (61)    Catalyst unit (62)    Space (63)    Packing (64)    Dripping prevention plate (65)
NOVELTY - A supply unit (2) supplies organic refuse into a polygon drum, through an opening provided in the drum. The chips containing microorganisms, is stored within the drum which is rotated by a drive unit (5). A raking unit (6) is arranged within the drum, to rake the mixture adhering the inner wall of the drum.    USE - The apparatus is useful for processing organic refuse ejected from kitchen, dining room in home.    ADVANTAGE - The chips and the organic refuse are perfectly stirred. The structure of the processing apparatus is simplified. The organic refuse processing is continuously and stably performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A warm air supply unit (8) supplies warm air into the drum. The gas produced within the drum is ejected by a discharge unit (24). The odor in the gas is removed by a deodorizer (10). The water vapor in the drum is removed by a dehumidifier (9).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic refuse processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic refuse processing apparatus.    Supply unit (2)    Drive unit (5)    Raking unit (6)    Warm air supply unit (8)    Dehumidifier (9)    Deodorizer (10)    Discharge unit (24)
NOVELTY - A solid-liquid separator (10) separates water from organic refuse conveyed by conveyor, with a centrifugal force.    USE - For processing organic refuse ejected from restaurant and apartment.    ADVANTAGE - The separation property of solid content and water content is improved, and processing capability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the organic refuse processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid-liquid separator (10)    box (12)    treatment tank (14)    dehydration tank (16)    drive unit (18)    rotary shaft (18A)
NOVELTY - Waste water (1) containing nitric acid and/or nitrate, is degassed so that dissolved oxygen in the waste water is reduced. Then the degassed waste water undergoes denitrifying process using microorganisms at anaerobic conditions.    USE - For removal of nitrogen compound from waste water.    ADVANTAGE - Since degassing is performed before denitrifying process, the consumption of source of organic carbons such as expensive methanol is reduced. Therefore high denitrifying processing with stability is performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the nitrogen compound removal apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the nitrogen compound removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    waste water (1)    exhaust gas (2)    methanol (3)    treated water (10)    degassing tank (21)
NOVELTY - Two types of photosynthetic bacteria such as Rhodopseudomonas, and cyanobacteria e.g., Synechococcus that are resistant to alkali, are new.    USE - The bacteria are useful for processing organic substances such as livestock excrements and foodstuff waste.    ADVANTAGE - The alkali-resistant bacteria can be efficiently used in the organic waste processing methods.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the photosynthesis of the bacteria and the front culture method of Cyanobacteria.
NOVELTY - A bench (2) formed by assembling pipes, is installed on a ground. A cultivation tank (3) consisting of net (13) at preset interval, is attached on the bench. The organic culture soil (4) humidified by Bacillus subtilis, is stored in the tank. The temperature of the culture medium in the tank, is controlled by the pipings (16).    USE - For cultivating plants of fruits, vegetables, flowers.    ADVANTAGE - The plant cultivation is easily performed at low cost, by using culture soil humidified by Bacillus subtilis. The soil disease insect is suppressed. The plant growth is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The organic culture is formed by mixing Bacillus subtilis containing Bacillus subtilis microbe, Bacillus thuringiensis microbe in Kanuma soil, peat moss, humus, free sand soil, amber soil, and coconut husk. The electrolyzed water is supplied into the tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the plant cultivation apparatus.    bench (2)    cultivation tank (3)    culture soil (4)    net (13)    pipings (16)
NOVELTY - A greening base containing microorganism enriched raw material, compost and top soil enables propagation of microbes and greening of land.    USE - For greening bare lands formed by excavation and banking construction.    ADVANTAGE - The greening method effectively protects bare fields and assists in restoring natural ecology. The method is simple and enables rapid propagation of microbes in soil and growth of buried seeds. The greening base has excellent weather resistance.
NOVELTY - Floor surface greening method, involves installing a panel (1), which is fixed with lava (3) using adhesive to the structure of floor surface and performing direct vegetation of moss or sedum on the lava.    USE - For greening floor surfaces such as veranda, roof.    ADVANTAGE - The sedum and moss can be grown on the panel, effectively and maintenance is done easily by the water retension of lava. The stalk of the sedum does not grow longer. The panel can be easily exchanged with fresh panel. The fertilizer application amount and water-sprinkling amount can be controlled effectively by growing ivies. Moss can be grown naturally. A large portion of roof is covered with a panel, thereby preventing the temperature raise of the building by the latent heat of vaporization of the moisture content.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of floor-surface greening of the roof.    panel (1)    lava (3)    ivy (4)    culture medium (5)    deck (10)
NOVELTY - Microorganisms holding support comprising a porous material obtained by dry-distillating the pulp sludge, is new.    USE - The support is useful for organic-refuse processing apparatus and as object for grease traps, which performs biodegradation and for decomposing oil components in soil.    ADVANTAGE - The microorganisms holding support is inexpensive and waste materials are effectively utilized. The putrefying bacteria do not adhere since dried product of pulp sludge is an incineration product.
NOVELTY - A dioxin decomposing agent (3) comprising a granular compound obtained by cultivating white-rot fungi having dioxin decomposability in microbial bed base material, followed by breaking the cultivated microbial bed, is new. The base material comprises sterilized/pasteurized bark compost and/or wood, base substance, additives and nutrients. The white-rot fungi consume the base substance and spread hypha in the microbial bed.    USE - The decomposing agent is useful in purifying soil contaminated with dioxins (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The agent enables effective and efficient purification of soil contaminated with dioxins. The purification of various soils in periphery of farmlands, work sites, parks and disposal centers is performed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for purification of soil (2) contaminated with dioxins, which involves producing the granular compound with an average diameter of 3-15 mm, ploughing in soil, activating microbes in the ploughed decomposing agent and decomposing dioxins in the soil.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is sectional drawing showing the dispersion state of dioxins in soil.    Soil (2)    Dioxin decomposing agent (3)    Superficial portion (4)    Intermediate portion (5)    Deep portion (6)
NOVELTY - A water vapor flow amount calculator (240) calculates present flow amount of water vapor to a reformation unit (40), based on detection signal from a water vapor flow amount sensor (242). The air and original fuel target flow amount determination units (250,260) determine target flow amount of air and fuel to the reformation unit, based on the calculation result.    USE - Fuel reformer used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to supply mixture of air, original fuel and water vapor, at preset ratio, to the reformation unit, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water pump (122) is controlled based on target flow amount of water vapor calculated in accordance with requirement amount of hydrogen gas. The air pump (130) and original fuel pump (112) are controlled based on the their respective target values.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pumps (112,122,130)    Reformation unit (40)    Sensor (242)    Determination units (250,260)
NOVELTY - The cross valve (V11) is set to two circulation modes by connecting insert hole and upper exit hole (beta) and closing lower exit hole (alpha) in one mode, and by connecting insert and lower exit holes and closing upper exit hole during emergency shut-down. The ejection fuel and air cutoff values (V12,V13) interposed in ejection fuel and air lines (L3,L4) are closed during emergency shutdown.    USE - Fuel cell/gas turbine composite power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures safe emergency shutdown of the electrolyte of fuel cell, without damages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The block diagram shows the fuel cell/gas turbine composite power generating plant. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Compressor (21)    Combustor (22)    Turbine (23)    Generator (24)    Cross value (V11)    Ejection fuel cut-off value (V12)    Ejection air cut-off value (V13)    Ejection fuel line (L3)    Ejection air line (L4)    Bypass line (L11)
NOVELTY - A sweat-smell deodorizer containing matsutake mushroom extract as main ingredient, is new.    USE - For deodorizing sweat smell.    ADVANTAGE - The deodorizer having excellent deodorizing effect for prolonged period, is highly safe.
NOVELTY - A controller sets up the storage capacity of a biogas holder such that complete storage of biogas generated in methane-fermentation tank by methane-fermentation of organic waste, is enabled when an electric power generator is in standby state. The biogas processing capacity of the electric-power generator in a predetermined power-generation time zone, is set-up based on the biogas storage amount.    USE - For use in waste disposal and treatment facility where organic wastes such as human waste, purification-tank sludge, organic refuse, and other industrial wastes are processed, for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The electric power generation efficiency is improved and effective usage of organic waste is ensured. The expenses associated with electric power generation is reduced to a great extent by setting up the processing capacity of the electric power generator, based on the storage amount of biogas in biogas holder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composite fuel gas engine that is driven using biogas, fossil fuels, and oil, is used as a drive unit of the electric power generator. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric power expense reduction method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph illustrating the relationship between electric-power usage amount and power output rate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A styrene resin foam contains styrene resin (in wt.pts) (100), specific saturated hydrocarbon(s) (2-6) and compound(s) (1-7) chosen from dimethyl ether, methyl chloride and ethyl chloride as foaming agent, halogenated flame retardant(s) (0.1-6) and halogen-containing phosphoric acid ester type flame retardant(s) (0.1-6). The styrene resin foam has foam density of 20-50 kg/m3 and average air bubble diameter of 0.1-2 mm.    USE - For heat insulating material used for building constructions.    ADVANTAGE - The styrene resin foam is highly stable, and has lightweight, excellent flame retardance, heat insulating property and environmental suitability. The foam suppresses volatilization of hydrocarbon from the foam and inhibits combustion of foaming agent by the presence of phosphoric acid ester type compound.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A styrene resin foam contains styrene resin (in weight parts) (100), saturated hydrocarbon(s) (2-6) containing 3-5 carbon atoms and compound(s) (1-7) chosen from dimethyl ether, methyl chloride and ethyl chloride as foaming agent, halogenated flame retardant(s) (0.1-6) and halogen-containing phosphoric acid ester type flame retardant(s) (0.1-6). The styrene resin foam has foam density of 20-50 kg/m3 and average air bubble diameter of 0.1-2 mm. The styrene resin is heated, melted and added with foaming agent. The prepared mixture is subjected to extrusion foaming for obtaining styrene resin foam.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of styrene resin foam.
NOVELTY - An auxiliary cooler (6) and a gas fired furnace (17) are provided in downstream side of a decomposition furnace (1) so that the non-condensable gas among the dry-distillation gas which is cooled using a main cooler (5), is liquefied.    USE - For thermal decomposition of waste polymeric material e.g. waste tire and waste coating materials.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures uniform heating of container and improves the dry distillation-type thermal decomposition efficiency. Enables effective usage of non-condensable gas for hot water supply by two-stage cooling process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermal decomposition furnace (1) with a container (2) for heating the waste tire, has a main cooler (5) for liquefying the hot dry-distillation gas exhausted from furnace, an auxiliary cooler (6) for liquefying the non- condensable gas among the cooled dry-distillation gas and a gas fired furnace (17) for liquefying the non-condensable gas from cooler (6). The cooler (5) cools the hot dry distillation gas in two steps and on specific conditions based on specific gravity of distillation gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of dry-distillation-type thermal decomposition system.    thermal decomposition furnace (1)    container (2)    main cooler (5)    auxiliary cooler (6)    gas fired furnace (17)
NOVELTY - A waste plastic (W1) not containing chloroethylene is liquefied by a liquefier (2), producing liquefying oil (L). A waste plastic (W2) containing chloroethylene is ground to produce an auxiliary waste plastic (W3). The liquefying oil is mixed with auxiliary waste plastic to form a slurry. The slurry is compressed with a compression pump (14) and is gasified in a gasifier (5).    USE - For gasification of waste plastic.    ADVANTAGE - Enables gasification of waste plastic containing chloroethylene. Since the slurry is supplied to the gasifier, the restraining of liquefication of the waste plastic by chlorine is prevented. The yielding of oil is increased by liquefying waste plastic not containing chloroethylene.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gasification installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gasification installation.    liquefier (2)    fine grinding apparatus (3)    slurring apparatus (4)    gasifier (5)    compression pump (14)    waste plastic not containing chloroethylene (W1)    waste plastic containing chloroethylene (W2)    auxiliary waste plastic (W3)    liquefying oil (L)
NOVELTY - The pressure of supplied liquefied fuel gas is increased by heating the vaporizer (4) and a portion of gas is supplied to a reformer (2) and combustor (3), when the internal pressure of vaporizer is decreased to set pressure. The heating of vaporizer is stopped, when internal pressure reaches set lower limit, to stop gas supply to combustor after switching the connection of vaporizer with combustor.    USE - For liquefied fuel gas reforming system.    ADVANTAGE - The high and low pressure reformed gas is stably and continuously discharged using simple configuration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the liquefied fuel gas reformation system.    gas supply source (1)    reformer (2)    combustor (3)    vaporizer (4)    line (10)
NOVELTY - A water tank (15) stores moisture separated from carbon dioxide from a manned space vehicle. Water is electrolyzed into hydrogen and oxygen, and these are supplied to a fuel cell and living space respectively. A Sabatier reactor (18) produces methane and water vapor using the remaining hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The water vapor is used for methane preparation and electrolysis, and methane is split to hydrogen.    USE - Used for purifying the environment of manned space vehicles and space craft.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables pure hydrogen and oxygen to be obtained during the purification of carbon dioxide, and enables the hydrogen to be supplied as a fuel for a fuel cell in the space vehicle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolytic cell (11) which electrolysis water has a compartment (3) for recovering water from a water tank, fluorine resin-based ion exchange membranes (4a, 4b), a compartment (7) for ejecting hydrogen, a compartment (10) for ejecting oxygen, an anode (8) plated with platinum and a sponge-like cathode (6). The ion exchange membrane is coated with iridium or rhodium, iridium-rhodium alloy or porous titanium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the environmental purification circular-type electrolysis apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    compartments (3, 7, 10)    ion exchange membranes (4a, 4b)    cathode (6)    anode (8)    electrolytic cell (11)    water tank (15)    dehumidifiers (16, 17)    Sabatier reactors (18, 19)    adsorption tower (22)
NOVELTY - The combined anaerobic fermentation of urban sludge and solid waste comprises mixing of the sludge and the waste in proportions corresponding to their production per inhabitant equivalent of the urban zone. Acid fermentation in a closed tank to pH 3.5-5.0 for 2-4 days at ambient temperature is followed by closed-tank alkaline fermentation at pH 6.8-7.8 for 8-13 days at 28-35 degrees C.    USE - In applied chemistry.
NOVELTY - Clathrate complex (I) that releases hydrogen when calcined comprises one molecule of sodium borohydride per structural unit of a sodalite-type aluminosilicate matrix.    USE - (I) is useful as a hydrogen reservoir for hydrogenation reactions, controlled combustion processes and fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) releases hydrogen according to the following chemical equation when heated at 300-500degreesC in air: The aluminosilicate matrix completely protects the sodium borohydride from hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture and oxidation by atmospheric oxygen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Clathrate complex of formula (I) that releases hydrogen when calcined comprises one molecule of sodium borohydride per structural unit of a sodalite-type aluminosilicate matrix:
NOVELTY - The present invention utilizes three different equipment to respectively implement methane generation, storage and application, and combines them into an integrated installation so as to reduce cost, raise methane production yield and raise utilization rate of raw material.
NOVELTY - The natural in situ treatment of e.g. animal waste products comprises forming of a mound made as successive layers of fodder and animal and human waste products. The system heats the concentrate and evaporates the liquid, yielding solid compost suitable for use as agricultural fertiliser.    USE - In agricultural chemistry.
NOVELTY - Biogas is produced by drying organic matter to a dry solids content of at least50 wt.% total solid and subsequently pelletizing it. The pelletized organic matter is mixed with a liquid to form a slurry, which is contacted with biogas-producing bacteria for digestion under anaerobic conditions in a reactor. The slurry is digested while the biogas is produced.    USE - For producing biogas by anaerobic digestion of organic material.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method produces biogas at lower cost and convenient manner. It utilizes pure water, which allows the mixing to be carried out in an open premixing tank, and thus making the tank cheap to manufacture and simple to monitor. It allows high degree of digestion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for producing biogas comprising gas-tight reactor having inlet for organic matter, and outlets for produced biogas and formed digested sludge. The device comprises a premixing tank for mixing organic matter dried to a dry solids content, and feed pipe for feeding the slurry to the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates a device for producing biogas.    Agitator (110, 120)    Mill (114)    Premixing tank (118)    Supply pipe (122)
NOVELTY - An incubator comprises a culture medium container having culture medium sealed in it and a waste culture medium container capable of storing fluid in a main culture container which are connected to the main culture medium container, in the sealed state to the outside through connection pipes capable of limiting the flow of the fluid between them.    USE - The incubators are applicable in culture devices for isolation of e.g. cells from body fluids like cerebrospinal fluid from patients for diagnosis and other studies.    ADVANTAGE - With this simple incubator, contamination from dirt and bacteria from outside can be reduced in each treatment process to help the cells to grow in a healthy state and improve efficiency without mixing of different types of cells cultured closely at the same time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for culture devices consisted of: a case having recessed parts for storing the containers in the incubator; and a pressing means for contracting the containers in such recessed parts by applying an external force to it.
NOVELTY - An aerosol dentifrice formulation comprises water, abrasive particles and propellant comprising 2-8 wt.% of non-hydrocarbon propellant and 2-6 wt.% of hydrocarbon propellant.    USE - Dentifrice formulation for producing stable foams.    ADVANTAGE - The aerosol dentifrice formulation is dispensed to toothbrush as stable and controllable foam, without generating post-drooling effect on and around the actuator. The formulation imparts pleasant and aesthetic appearance to the user.
NOVELTY - The vehicle has a hydrogen processing unit (30) connected to fuel cell stacks (12) that produces electric energy to the vehicle. The unit (30) includes a heat exchanger (32), a hydrogen filter (34), a hydrogen pressure regulator (36), and a hydrogen compressor (38) to facilitate attachment of different types of storage media (50,52). The media is selected from a group with compressed gas, liquid and solid hydride.    USE - Used for transportation.    ADVANTAGE - The heat exchanger, hydrogen filter, pressure regulator and compressor unit of hydrogen processing unit enable different types of hydrogen storage media to be interchanged on the vehicle. The lifetime of the vehicle is increased by the presence of hydrogen processing unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of a fuel cell system incorporating a hydrogen processing unit which is selectively connectable to a variety of different hydrogen storage media.    Fuel cell stacks (12)    Hydrogen processing unit (30)    Heat exchanger (32)    Hydrogen filter (34)    Hydrogen pressure regulator (36)    Hydrogen compressor (38)    Storage media (50, 52)
NOVELTY - The system (220) has a hydrogen storing material comprising a solid material within a cassette (210A). The material comprises of a material that may be heated to recover hydrogen. The cassette contains an opening sealed with one or more valves and a heating system provides heat to the material. A common carrier marked as delivering has the cassette containing hydrogen.    USE - Used for recovering hydrogen from cassette for use in a fuel cell and a hydrogen powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery system recovers hydrogen, eliminates the cost and danger associated for storing and distributing the hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for recovering hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a hydrogen storage and recovery system.    Hydrogen storage and recovery system (200)    Cassette (210A, 210B)    Hydrogen recovery system (220)
NOVELTY - A fuel processor comprises a separation assembly, a desulfurization assembly, a combustion assembly, and a reforming assembly.    USE - The assembly is used for processing fuel for reforming distillate hydrocarbon fuels containing sulfur (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The assembly provides a high overall process thermal efficiency and compact overall dimensions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel processor operating at higher than 1 atm and above 300 degreesC for reforming distillate hydrocarbon fuels containing sulfur to obtain high quality hydrogen product, comprises:    (i) a separation assembly for converting and separating a sulfur-containing distillate fuel feed into an aliphatics-rich and sulfur-depleted gas stream and an aromatics-rich and sulfur-rich liquid stream;    (ii) a desulfurization assembly for receiving the aliphatics-rich and sulfur-depleted gas stream exiting the separation assembly and for removing hydrogen sulfide to output desulfurized gas;    (iii) a combustion assembly for receiving the aromatics-rich and sulfur-rich liquid stream exiting the separation assembly and for combusting the liquid stream with air to yield process heat; and    (iv) an a reforming assembly in which process heat from the combustion assembly is used to generate steam and convert the desulfurized gas exiting the desulfurization assembly to a hydrogen-rich stream.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a process flow diagram of the fuel processor.
NOVELTY - The temperature of a thermally initiated hydrogen fuel source is raised by applying radio frequency (RF) energy using RF generation system (42).    USE - For generating hydrogen for fuel cell such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), to provide DC voltage to power motor, light and other electrical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - The release of hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, is controlled by controlling RF energy application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) chemical mixture combining method;    (2) chemical reactor apparatus;    (3) fuel cell cartridge; and    (4) fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the chemical mixture heating system.    hydrogen gas generating system (40)    RF generation system (42)    chemical mixture pod (44)    gas manifold (46)
NOVELTY - Deposits in a fuel vaporizer are controlled by introducing a liquid hydrocarbon containing a nitrogen-containing detergent additive into a fuel vaporizer.    USE - For controlling deposits in a fuel vaporizer of a fuel reformer used to prepare a liquid hydrocarbon for use as a fuel in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively controls the formation of deposits in a fuel vaporizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon having a boiling range of 77-437degreesF, a total sulfur content of less than 3 ppm, an octane rating of less than 85 (R+M)/2.
NOVELTY - The unit cell (20) is arranged at the outer surface of an electrolyte layer (23) which surrounds a fuel electrode (21). The liquid fuel supply unit (30) having permeation structure, is connected to a liquid fuel storage layer which supplies fuel to each unit cell.    USE - For supplying electricity to portable electronic device such as mobile telephone and notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the fuel cell reaction efficiency, by virtue of fuel cell structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional and perspective views of the fuel unit cell.    fuel cell storage tank (10)    unit cell (20)    fuel electrode (21)    electrolyte layer (23)    liquid fuel supply unit (30)
NOVELTY - Processing of methane-fermentation residue obtained after methane-fermentation of organic waste, comprises that ammonia, where a coagulant is added and dehydrated in the residue after ammonia-removal, and the sludge is separated.    USE - For processing methane-fermentation residue obtained after methane-fermentation of organic waste, such as surplus sludge of organic refuse, food-processing dregs, and activated sludge treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method decreases the amount of coagulant used, and the processing cost. The processing method enables easy compost of dewatered sludge. The efficiency of ammonia stripping is enhanced. The residue does not accumulate and obstruct in the processing apparatus, which enables continuous and prolonged operation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for processing apparatus of methane-fermentation residue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline block diagram of the processing apparatus of methane-fermentation residue. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methane-fermentation tank (10)    ammonia stripper (20)    inlet (21)    outlet (22)    air inlet (23)
NOVELTY - Fuel storage unit (5) supplies the methanol aqueous solution to a cell stack (10). A temperature control unit (6) provided between the fuel storage unit and the cell stack, increases the temperature of the methanol aqueous solution being supplied to the cell stack, during starting.    USE - For electric power unit of portable electronic device and computer used in cold regions.    ADVANTAGE - Performs smooth starting of the device, by increasing the solution temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of direct methanol type fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct methanol type fuel cell system.    fuel storage unit (5)    temperature raising unit (6)    bypass flow path (7)    cell stack (10)
NOVELTY - Recovery of biogas involves performing explosive break process of plants and plants type waste material, followed by performing methane fermentation.    USE - For recovering biogas sample methane.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to produce biogas stably and efficiently from plants and plants type raw material. The method effectively suppresses generation of carbon dioxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram of explosive break apparatus.    Explosive break apparatus (1)    Pressurized container (2)    Hopper (3)    Exhaust valve (5)    Silencer (6)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell supplies an oxidizing agent to an oxidizing agent electrode, and generates electric power. A liquid fuel supplied to fuel electrode, and portion(s) of gas emitted from inactive gas or an inactive fuel electrode with respect to a fuel electrode are circulated to the fuel channel (2) of the fuel-electrode side.    USE - As fuel cell, such as direct methanol fuel battery, for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell equalizes the fuel supply to a fuel electrode, by reducing distribution of the fuel flow rate in the fuel channel. A highly efficient electric power generation is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the state in which a fuel is circulated to a fuel channel.    Plate (1)    Fuel channel (2)    Supply hole (7a)    Gas previous substrate (9)    Suction-fluid base material (10)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst layer (35) modifies the raw material into reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide (CO). The CO transformation layers (36,37) converts the carbon dioxide into CO. A burner heats the catalyst and transformation layers, where temperature of the transformation layer is controlled based on detected temperature of the transformation layer.    USE - For fuel cell type electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The CO poisoning of the fuel cell is suppressed. The performance of the electric power generation system is stabilized. The temperature of the CO transformation layer is uniformly controlled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A return path (21) is provided to eject the non-used gas from the fuel cell, to the burner. A control element is provided in the raw material supply path, to control supply amount of the raw material for combustion into the burner.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel processing method;    (2) fuel cell type electric power generation system which includes supplying heating gas and oxygen into the fuel cell to generate electric power; and electric power generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel treating equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    raw material supply unit (11)    return path (21)    modification catalyst (35)    CO transformation layers (36,37)
NOVELTY - A container (150) holds a sludge sample which generates methane gas and carbon dioxide. A pressure sensor (113) detects the pressure of the generated gases of the container. A calculator calculates the property value related to the methane activity of the sample based on the detected pressure and corrects calculation by converting detected pressure into partial pressure.    USE - For measuring methane activity of the sludge sample.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids necessity to absorb carbon dioxide in case of measurement of methane activity, thus the danger at the time of operation is reduced and workability is improved. By correcting calculated value, the measurement error due to generation of carbon dioxide gas is decreased. Provides compact small sized structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cover (116) seals the upper portion of the container having space (170). The measuring device is not equipped with a device to absorb carbon dioxide generated from the sample. The pressure sensor, the calculator, the display unit (111) which displays calculated methane activity value and a battery (115), are provided in the cover. The container is made of transparent material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of the methane activity measurement device.    measuring device (100)    display unit (111)    pressure sensor (113)    temperature sensor (114)    battery (115)    cover (116)    container (150)    sample and reaction solution mixture (160)    space (170)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen storage discharge apparatus has hydrogen desorption electrode (30), hydrogen storage electrode (10), nickel hydroxide electrode (20), separator (40) and alkali electrolyte liquid (45). The apparatus stores hydrogen using electrode (10) as cathode and electrode (20) as anode by charging. The apparatus discharges hydrogen from electrode (30) using electrode (10) as anode and electrode (30) as cathode.    USE - Storage and discharge of hydrogen for vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage discharge apparatus has excellent hydrogen storage capacity and improved energy utilization efficiency since heat energy produced during hydrogen storage is converted into electrical energy by thermo element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of hydrogen storage discharge apparatus.    Terminals (1-3)    Hydrogen storage electrode (10)    Nickel hydroxide electrode (20)    Hydrogen desorption electrode (30)    Separator (40)    Alkali electrolyte liquid (45)
NOVELTY - The circulation gas supply lines (35,38) supply the fuel gas and mixed fuel gas to the combustion tube through respective burner port and mixed gas burner port. A flame holding portion which becomes red-hot due to flame produced in combustion tube, is provided at the front-end side of line (35). A drain discharge pipe (43) of combustion tube, is connected to the drain discharge port.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the generation of obstruction at the burner ports and ensures to perform the combustion process in an efficient manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of burner.    Burner (1)    Circulation gas supply lines (35,38)    Drain discharge pipe (43)    Combustion gas exhaust port (88)
NOVELTY - A supplying unit (4) supplies raw material and hydrogen into container (1). A catalyst (2) heated by heater (3), contacts raw material and hydrogen to perform dehydrogenation of organic hydride in raw material and hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbon in hydrogen for generating and absorbing hydrogen respectively. A separator (6) separates hydrogen from reaction product.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is generated efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of catalyst and amount of supplying raw material and hydrogen into the container are controlled. The raw material flows through a gap between inner wall surfaces of the cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (1)    Catalyst (2)    Heater (3)    Supplying unit (4)    Reaction product outlet path (5)    Hydrogen separation apparatus (6)
NOVELTY - A refrigerating machine oil composition comprises fraction (A) (in wt.%) (5-30), and fraction (B) (5-35). The fractions (A,B) have boiling point of 300degreesC or less and 500degreesC or more, respectively. Composition has %Cp value of 35% or more, pour point of -20degreesC and dynamic viscosity of 7-150 mm2/s at 40degreesC. Composition has nitrogen content of 10 ppm or less, and 20% distillation temperature of 250degreesC or more.    USE - For refrigerator using 3-4C hydrocarbon as refrigerant (claimed), such as propane, n-butane, i-butane, cyclopropane and cyclobutane.    ADVANTAGE - The refrigerating machine oil composition has excellent stability and lubricity. Generation of sludge by compressor discharge valve, and abrasion of sliding portion, are suppressed. The refrigerator using the machine oil composition, is durable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A refrigerating machine oil composition comprises a fraction (A) (in wt.%) (5-30), and a fraction (B) (5-35). The fractions (A,B) have a boiling point of 300degreesC or less and 500degreesC or more, respectively, by gas chromatography method distillation test method. The composition has a %Cp value of 35% or more, according to n-d-M ring analysis, pour point of -20degreesC, and dynamic viscosity of 7-150 mm2/s, at 40degreesC. The composition has a nitrogen content of 10 ppm or less, and 20% distillation temperature of 250degreesC or more.
NOVELTY - The combustion exhaust gas (15) of a hydrocarbon fuel is sent to modifier (20) connected to water vapor generators (31,41) which generate water vapor from heat of received exhaust gas. The generated water vapors are mixed and reformed gas is produced. The reformed gas is cooled, pressurized and sent to hydrogen separator (60) for separating hydrogen and gas turbine for electric power generation.    USE - For generating electric power and hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas and petroleum type fuel, for motor vehicle and business applications.    ADVANTAGE - Enables generating electric power and hydrogen from combustion exhaust gas of hydrocarbon fuel efficiently and easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermal efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas in electric power generation process, is 3.5 or less. The heat-recovery volume ratio of fuel reformation process is larger than the heat-recovery volume ratio of raw material. The amount of separated hydrogen to be stored is controlled, according to fluctuation of hydrogen demand.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electric power and hydrogen generation plant; and    (2) exhaust-gas recovery-type modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the electric power and hydrogen generation plant.    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Air (3)    Combustion exhaust gas (15)    Electric power generator (10)    Modifier (20)    Water vapor generators (30,50)    Hydrogen separator (60)
NOVELTY - A fuel reforming unit (5) is expanded thermally toward a fuel evaporator (3), so as to contact the evaporator, due to the heat generated when the reforming unit produces a hydrogen-rich heating gas. The reforming unit does not contact the evaporator, at the starting of the reformer, when the evaporator is heated by a heater (4).    USE - For mixing oxidizing agent such as air and water to hydrocarbon fuel like methanol or gasoline, and reforming hydrocarbon fuel to generate hydrogen-rich heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer can be started with necessary minimum energy, as the evaporator is heated up by the heat conducted from the reforming unit, during operation of the reformer, thus eliminating the need for heating the evaporator by the heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reforming-unit holder consisting of shape-memory alloy which expands/contracts with the heat conducted from the fuel reforming unit, moves the reforming unit towards the evaporator, based on the temperature of the fuel reforming unit, which is detected using a temperature sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel reformer.    Fuel injection valve (1)    Air supply device (2)    Fuel evaporator (3)    Fuel modifier (5)    Holder (5a)
NOVELTY - Fermenting organic waste comprising dry-type methane-fermentation method comprising supplying organic waste to dry-type methane-fermentation tank (3), fermenting organic waste, drawing sludge obtained from fermentation process, dehydrating sludge, and returning one part of the dewatered sludge to dry-type methane-fermentation tank, is new.    USE - The method is used for fermenting organic waste (claimed) such as foodstuff industrial waste and garbage generated from stock raising industry, food industry, paper industry, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily decomposes organic waste without using decomposition resistant solid substances such as wood chips, and reduces the amount of fermentation residues.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for dry-type methane-fermentation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the systematic diagram of dry-type methane-fermentation apparatus (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Kneading machine (1)    Injection pump (2)    Dry-type methane-fermentation tank (3)    Dehydrator (4)    Fermentation raw material storage tank (5)
NOVELTY - Number of microbes in methane fermentation tank (MFT) is measured by performing head end/initial process involving pretreatment of a part of digestive liquor from MFT, mixing process involving mixing of a reagent which produces a fluorescent material with esterase and finally measuring number of microbes depending on the intensity of fluorescence of the fluorescent material.    USE - The method is used for measuring microbes in methane fermentation useful in processing organic waste, such as surplus sludge, organic refuse, food-processing dreg and activated sludge treatment.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables quick and accurate measurement of microbes in methane fermentation tank and hence controls/maintains fermentation conditions of organic refuse in an optimal state. The method enables performance of stable fermentation of prolonged period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for methane fermentation processing method, which involves decomposing organic waste using anaerobe, measuring number of microbes in MFT for every predetermined time and controlling the fermentation conditions in MFT based on the measured value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram showing measurement of microbes in the methane fermentation tank. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A reaction vessel (10) has a reaction layer (15) comprising an oxygen permeating layer (4) which permeates oxygen selectively from air, a porous layer (3) with large pores through which oxygen is selectively passed through a catalyst layer (2). The catalyst layer selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas passed through reformed-gas route (1), using received oxygen.    USE - Carbon monoxide removal apparatus for fuel cell system used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since the porous layer controls the amount of oxygen passing through the catalyst layer, the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas is controlled effectively, hence removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas, thereby avoiding poisoning of fuel electrode of the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (9) set up the differential pressure of air and reformed gas, based on the load of a fuel cell system detected by a load sensor (13). When a temperature sensor (12) detects that the temperature of the catalyst layer raises, the differential pressure of air is reduced. The flow path of air and reformed gas are separated, so that the reformed gas flows through internal circumference side of the catalyst layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformed-gas route (1)    catalyst layer (2)    porous layer (3)    oxygen permeating layer (4)    air path (5)    outer cylinder (6)    air manifolds (7a,7b)    air pressure regulating valve (8)    controller (9)    reaction unit (10)    catalyst temperature sensor (12)    load sensor (13)    reaction board (15)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst has ruthenium, platinum and/or rhodium supported on a base material. The base material has an alumina film formed on its surface by anodizing aluminum.    USE - In heat exchange-type reactor (claimed) and plate fin-type reactor for removing carbon monoxide in reformed gas such as hydrocarbon and alcohol.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst has high adhesion with respect to metal and catalyst layer and effectively removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas. The plate-fin heat exchange-type reactor is provided with optimal catalyst having excellent moldability. The generation of methane is prevented by adding ruthenium, copper, zinc and indium. The reactor prevents reaction in vitro temperature distribution by maintaining favorable temperature suitable for carbon monoxide selective oxidation reaction or methanation reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst; and    (2) heat exchange-type reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline top view of catalyzation fin of the reactor showing the reformed gas route. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformed gas route (10)    catalyzation fin (16)    reformed gas inlet (20)    fin for rectification (22)    reformed gas unit (24)
NOVELTY - A thin-film heater (40) is provided to a specified range over a reaction flow path (20) for temperature control of the reaction flow path. A heater wiring (50) is provided in the heater for specified length. An insulating protective coat (60) having specified flatness with respect to the height of the wiring layer or the heater, is provided over the heater.    USE - For production of hydrogen and carbondioxide from gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and oxygen, for feeding to fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Achieves high reliability, by suppressing the variation in the film thickness of the wiring. Forms a flat protective coat favorably and provides effective manufacturing conditions corresponding to the micro reactor for forming the protective coat. Reduces the size of fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) manufacturing method of the chemical reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the chemical reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    main substrate (10)    reaction flow path (20)    thin-film heater (40)    heater wiring (50)    protective coat (60)
NOVELTY - A partition plate (23) divides an air feed pipe (13) at position corresponding to air exhaust nozzle (15), so as to form upstream side and downstream side division routes (25,27). The air is mutually passed in reverse direction in each of the division routes. Air is ejected respectively from upstream side and downstream side ejection holes (15a,15b), for mixing with hydrogen rich reactive gas flowing through the route (11).    USE - For reformer used for supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of ejection of air from air feed pipe, is equalized along the axial direction of the pipe, irrespective of air flow amount to the air feed pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas mixing apparatus manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas mixing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactive gas route (11)    air feed pipe (13)    air exhaust nozzle (15)    ejection holes (15a,15b)    partition plate (23)    division routes (25,27)
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains a palladium colloid supported on a porous oxide support.    USE - For purification of saturated hydrocarbon such as methane in the waste gas of motor vehicle .    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst shows high saturated hydrocarbon purification activity at high temperature and high durability. Methane which is hard to purify is efficiently purified in low temperature region using the catalyst. The catalyst has high surface area and therefore has high initial stage purification activity, and is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the catalyst.
NOVELTY - Fibers produced by thermal treatment of waste materials are treated by, drying the fibers such that the moisture content of the fiber is 4-15 wt.% of the fiber; substantially removing debris (such as grit and/or plastics material) from the treated fiber; and optionally reducing the size of the refined treated fiber to length less than 35 mm, preferably less than 25 mm.    USE - Useful for treating fibers produced by the thermal treatment of waste materials. The resulting refined cellulose material is useful in the manufacture of gasification/pyrolysis fuel, solid fuel (such as agglomerated solid fuel), and/or replacement wood products (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method treats fibers produced from the thermal treatment of waste material so as to produce a raw material suitable for the manufacture of fuels and/or wood replacement items, or for solid fuel manufacture or compacted form suitable for wood replacement item production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of producing a refined cellulose material, comprising providing a fiber material obtained from the thermal treatment of waste materials; drying the fiber material as above; and substantially removing undesirable debris as above from the product to obtain the refined cellulose material; and    (b) use of refined cellulose material in the manufacture of gasification/pyrolysis fuel, solid fuel (such as agglomerated solid fuel), and/or replacement wood products.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is prepared by reacting coal powders with water in the presence of calcium oxide without an oxidizing agent, rendering the coal powders and calcium oxide into impalpable powders, feeding steam and the mixed impalpable powders to a main reactor, and implementing thermochemical decomposition of water by causing the mixed impalpable powders to undergo grain growth while adjusting a steam partial pressure.    USE - The method is used for the preparation of hydrogen through thermochemical decomposition of water.    ADVANTAGE - The method does not require addition of an oxidizing agent, and allows deliberate removal of air contained in a specimen or raw material, upon charging raw material into the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of hydrogen through thermochemical decomposition of water comprises reacting coal powders with water in the presence of calcium oxide at 600-800degreesC without an oxidizing agent, thus reducing water to form hydrogen; rendering the coal powders and calcium oxide into impalpable powders to form mixed impalpable powders; feeding steam generated from a steam generator and the mixed impalpable powders to a fluidized bed of a main reactor; and implementing thermochemical decomposition of water in the main reactor by causing the mixed impalpable powders of the coal powders and calcium oxide to undergo grain growth in the fluidized bed while adjusting a steam partial pressure in the main reactor to be suited for a condition enabling calcium oxide to form calcium hydroxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic illustration of a high-pressure reactor system for continuous supply of particulates.
NOVELTY - Reformer (1) is operated in a first operational stage by the sub-stoichiometric reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen, air and/or water to produce hydrogen, and in a second operational stage by the stoichiometric reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen, air and/or water to produce inert gas or gas mixture.    USE - For a reformer-fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has high operational safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Process for switching off a reformer-fuel cell system; and    (2) Process for starting a reformer-fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reformer-fuel cell system.    reformer (1)    fuel cell arrangement (3)    switching valves (4, 6)    bypass feeder (5)    burner (8)
NOVELTY - Reformer comprises a control unit, and an additional component. The control unit is structured so that it acquires a value of a measuring parameter corresponding to the downtime value of the additional component and sets the component in motion when this value reaches a predetermined maximum value.    USE - For a fuel cell system in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Defects or interruptions with respect to a long downtime are avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Process for operating a reformer for a fuel cell system in a vehicle; and    (2) Vehicle containing the reformer.
NOVELTY - The assembly (10) to form a compost has a rotating body (18), with a static and fixed entry (12) for the material (14) to be composted. The material is moved through to the rear by the rotation of the body and the contained homogenizing screw (16).    USE - The system is a rapid and continuous composting assembly for use in agriculture, dwellings, institutions, restaurants, commercial and municipal kitchens, and the like.    ADVANTAGE - The material is treated by a combination of mixing and acceleration, to simulate animal digestion, without the need for a cleaning unit at the outlet in a rapid and continuous process. The compost is delivered as pellets, or a product for aging.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The assembly (10) to form a compost has a rotating body (18), with a static and fixed entry (12) for the material (14) to be composted. The material is moved through to the rear by the rotation of the body and the contained homogenizing screw (16). When the material arrives at the far end (22) of the body, it is ejected by plates (24) at the end of the screw, as a product ready for aging. The composting cycle is for three days at 65degreesC or three weeks at 55degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing show a schematic section through the composting assembly. (The drawing includes non-English language text).    composting assembly (10)    fixed entry (12)    material for composting (14)    homogenizing screw (16)    rotating body (18)    far end of the body (22)    ejection plates (24)
NOVELTY - A set of fuels obtained by the thermal conversion of waste sludge comprises e.g. oil of 10000 kcal/kg calorific capacity with carbon 80-90, hydrogen 5-10, nitrogen 2-9, and aromatics 10-45% respectively. Carbon of 8000 kcal/kg calorific capacity is also obtained, with 0.2-4% sulfur content.    USE - In petroleum chemistry.
NOVELTY - The method involves producing a reformate (R) by performing a preferential oxidation reaction in a reactor (PROx). A passageway (P) is provided between the reactor and a stack. The reformate is sent from the reactor into the passageway. Water (W) is injected into the reformate by an injector device. The injected and precipitated water are collected in a trap by a collector.    USE - Used for cooling hydrogen-rich reformate before entering a fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The method contributes no pressure drop to the reformate flow path and allows the reformate to be cooled to a required temperature. The method does not require any additional equipment for recovery of added water in addition to the precipitated water. The method can be implemented effectively and easily while avoiding complexity of typical heat exchangers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a system for cooling reformate before entrance into a fuel cell stack    (b) a power system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a reformate cooler.    Injector (I)    Passageway (P)    Preferential oxidation reactor (PROx)    Reformate (R)    Water (W)
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes an O2-removal catalyst and a COS conversion catalyst provided downstream of the O2-removal catalyst.    USE - For use in the gasification of coal and heavy crude oil for use as a fuel in gas turbines or steam turbines for electric power generation, in fuel cells for power generation using hydrocarbon gas, or in thermal power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Protects peripheral apparatus by relieving exothermic stress and protects the COS conversion catalyst from O2. Increased power generating efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The O2-removal catalyst is at a higher temperature than the COS conversion catalyst. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a COS processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flow through a wet-type gas purification apparatus.
NOVELTY - The plate element (10) accommodates a stack of fuel cells. It has a frame (11) with many inward-extending interdigitating fingers (13) defining a meandering channel. The frame has chambers (15-18) at the ends and ribs (12) on the outside. The fuel cell stack may be connected up in a monopolar or bipolar arrangement.    USE - Framework for bipolar or monopolar stack of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified construction of stack of fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a frame an plate element in accordance with the invention.    Plate element (10)    Frame (11)    Ribs on outside of frame (12)    Inward- extending interdigitating fingers (13)    Chambers (15-18)
NOVELTY - Antimicrobial composition comprises a densified fluid and an antimicrobial agent.    USE - The antimicrobial composition is applied on various objects in need of antimicrobial treatment. It can be used as a substitute for the sanitizing spray. The object includes a food product (e.g. a meat surface, a fruit surface, a vegetable surface, or a seed surface), food processing surface, air stream, waters, health care surface, instrument, agricultural object, agricultural surface, veterinary object, and/or veterinary surface (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The antimicrobial agent can be generated in the presence of a densified fluid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method for applying an antimicrobial agent to an object, which comprises venting at the object at the object a vessel containing a densified fluid and antimicrobial agent; and    (b) a method for making an antimicrobial composition, which comprises reacting an oxidizable substrate with an oxidizing agent in the presence of a densified fluid to form an antimicrobial composition, and containing the antimicrobial composition in a vessel.
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises an ordered intermetallic compound containing platinum or palladium, e.g. bismuth platinum, platinum tin, palladium germanium, or bismuth palladium.    USE - The inventive catalyst is used in catalytic system, e.g. fuel cell or fuel reformer (claimed). It can be used for water purification, toxic waste destruction, controlled explosive destruction, and conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide for pollution mitigation.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive catalyst is highly efficient. It can be tailored to produce desired electronic and/or geometric effects that optimize catalytic behavior for specific reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell, e.g. hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first electrode containing ordered intermetallic compound, a second electrode, and a separator (16). The fuel cell is capable of oxidizing hydrogen fuel comprising greater than 0.01 mole% carbon monoxide when operating for 30 minutes at at most80degrees with a maximum output power of at least20% (preferably at least90%) the maximum output power when oxidizing hydrogen fuel comprising less than 0.0001 mole% carbon monoxide. The fuel cell is connectable to a source of fuel, e.g. small organic molecule fuel (formic acid, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, 2-butyne-l,4-diol, 2-butene-l,4-diol, acetic acid, or oxalic acid); or hydrogen containing at least0.01 mole% (preferably 3-10 mole%) carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a fuel cell.    Anode (12)    Cathode (14)    Separator (16)    Conducting plate (18)    Ordered intermetallic particles (20)
NOVELTY - Producing hydrogen, comprising obtaining a metabolic source for producing hydrogen using a microalga having a photosynthesis ability and a step for producing hydrogen by a bacterium having a photosynthesis ability with the usage of the above metabolic source, is new.    USE - This method and apparatus are for use for producing hydrogen which is for use for fuel cells as a clean energy source.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen as an alternative energy source other than petroleum and coal, contributes to keep the environment clean.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing hydrogen, comprising obtaining a metabolic source for producing hydrogen using a microalga having a photosynthesis ability and a step for producing hydrogen by a bacterium having a photosynthesis ability with the usage of the above metabolic source. The microalga and/or the bacteria are fixed on a support insoluble in a liquid and then pre-cultured in the liquid so as to elevate the cell density.
NOVELTY - In continuous separation of a 4 carbon (C4) cut by extractive distillation with selective solvent (I) in an extractive distillation column, the column has a longitudinal partition between first and second zones (A, B) and a common zone (C) below these. The products from these zones are (A) a top stream of butanes (C4H10), (B) a top stream of butenes (C4H8).    USE - The process is used for separating a 4 carbon cut into a butane fraction, a butene fraction and a fraction containing dienes and acetylenes and working up these fractions, optionally with isomerization (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process makes it possible to separate butanes and butenes as separate top streams from a 4 carbon cut in a single extractive distillation column. The energy consumption is lower than usual for extractive distillation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - In continuous separation of a 4 carbon (C4) cut by extractive distillation with selective solvent (I) in an extractive distillation column, the column has a longitudinal partition between first and second zones (A, B) and a common zone (C) below these. The products from these zones are (A) a top stream of butanes (C4H10), (B) a top stream of butenes (C4H8). The product from zone (C) is a stream of hydrocarbons (C4H6) which are more soluble than butanes and butenes in (I).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for extractive distillation column with partition forming zones (A, B, C).
NOVELTY - Catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in a nitrogen oxides-containing gas, comprises using methane in the presence of a catalyst which comprises a palladium-containing zeolite based on rings having 12 oxygen atoms. The zeolite also contains scandium, yttrium and/or a lanthanide.    USE - Catalytic reduction of nitrogen oxides in nitrogen oxides-containing gases (claimed) e.g. engine exhaust.    ADVANTAGE - The method is efficient and uses catalyst with high stability and high activity for the catalytic reduction of NOx.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of a catalyst comprising a palladium-containing zeolite based on rings having 12 oxygen atoms and where the zeolite also comprises scandium, yttrium or and/or a lanthanide. The zeolite is loaded with scandium, yttrium and/or lanthanide and optionally other metals, after having been loaded with palladium by ion exchange.
NOVELTY - Treating whey (I) and culturing and cultivating mushroom mycelia (II) comprising culturing Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Phellinus linteus and Agaricus bisporus in protein-free medium in a reactor at 28.3 degreesC and pH 4.2, is new.    USE - The methods (I) and (II) may be used for aerobically treating cheese-processing wastewater using mushroom mycelia.    ADVANTAGE - The whey can be biologically treated at a disposal rate comparable (90% or higher) to conventional methods. As environmentally unfriendly sludge is not discharged, post-treatment operations in connection with the disposal of sludge can be simplified. Therefore, the method can lower environmental costs and further enables the economical cultivation of mushroom mycelia. Furthermore, the method has an advantage in terms of resource recycling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) treating whey (I), comprising:    (a) separating proteins from a whey stock solution;    (b) placing the protein-free solution as a medium in a reactor at 25 - 32 degreesC and pH 3.8 - 4.6; and    (c) aerobically culturing mushroom mycelia in the reactor;    (2) culturing and cultivating mushroom mycelia (II), comprising:    (a) separating proteins from a whey stock solution;    (b) placing the protein-free solution as a medium in a reactor at 25 - 32 degreesC and pH 3.8 - 4.6; and    (c) aerobically culturing mushroom mycelia in the reactor.    Preferred Method: In (I) (II) the reactor is maintained at 28.3 degreesC and pH 4.2. The mushroom is Ganoderma lucidum, Lentinus edodes, Pleurotus ostreatus, Phellinus linteus and Agaricus bisporus.
NOVELTY - Feed hydrocarbon(s) is contacted with ethylene in the presence of a catalyst composition under conversion conditions to provide product hydrocarbon isomer of isoparaffin having 4-9C per molecule. The feed hydrocarbon is paraffins and/or isoparaffins having 3-7C per molecule. The catalyst composition comprises hydrogen halide, sulfone, and metal halide components.    USE - For contacting feed hydrocarbons with ethylene (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process utilizes a moderate conversion conditions without the need for separate steps or separate conversions using zeolite materials, e.g. ZSM-5.
NOVELTY - A composition comprises a monoalkyl quat having at least 14C alkyl; a dialkyl quat which is a mixture of 16C, 16C dialkyl quat and 18C, 18C dialkyl quat; a propellant and optionally a silicone.    USE - For foaming and hair conditioning (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition is esthetically acceptable to consumers, improves the wet combing and dry combing properties of hair, and also leaves the dry hair with satisfactory cosmetic and physical properties, including dry combing and feel, less hair coating, manageability, body, condition of the ends and set. The composition provide superior conditioning benefits, and styling attributes based on cationic compound which enhances wet and dry hair properties compared to prior art formulations; and provide a consumer acceptable creamy foam using relatively low levels of monoalkyl and dialkyl quat, and silicone compounds.
NOVELTY - Production of malt involves addition to wetting water the preparation prepared from biomass of micromycetes Mortierella gamsii by manufacturing process. Then germination of grains and drying are carried out.    USE - Brewing.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified technology, expanded assortment of immunostimulating agents. 5 ex
NOVELTY - Production of malt involves addition to wetting water the preparation prepared from biomass of micromycetes Mortierella pulchella by manufacturing process. The germination of grains and drying are carried out.    USE - Brewing.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified technology, expanded assortment of immunostimulating agents. 5 ex
NOVELTY - Preparation of malt involves addition to wetting water the preparation prepared from biomass of micromycetes Mortierella gemmifera by manufacturing process. Then germination of grains and drying are carried out.    USE - Brewing.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified technology, expanded assortment of immunostimulating agents. 5 ex
NOVELTY - Wet gas holder of varying capacity makes it possible to use fermented and heated mass as water seal. Biogas is cleaned by passing it through fermented mass in gas holder reservoir by fine jets, saturating it by carbon dioxide, thus enhancing fertilizing properties of manure, dung and plant wastes fermented in methane tank. Branch pipe supplying biogas is detachable and sectional in construction and is adjustable in height giving access for repair and maintenance jobs without dismantling gas holder bell and without draining liquid from reservoir.    USE - Agricultural equipment; cattle-breeding and poultry complexes; production of biogas from manure, dung and wastes of plant growing complexes.    ADVANTAGE - Enhanced efficiency. 4 cl, 1 dwg
NOVELTY - A stirring machine (1) has gas jet nozzle (11) which sprays high pressure gas on front end or periphery of the stirring blade (3) attached to a rotary vertical shaft (2), for mixing livestock excrement. A gas suction and return machine sucks the gas produced during fermentation of excrement and returns it to the excrement, after pressurizing it. An actuating mechanism moves the stirring machine within the excrement.    USE - For producing manure from livestock excrement e.g. cattle feces, pig feces, hen droppings, and also organic refuse.    ADVANTAGE - Promotes fermentation of manure effectively and shortens the fermentation time. Improves the quality of manure. Performs fermentation from the top to bottom smoothly. Performs mixing of the excrement reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the livestock excrement stirring machine.    livestock excrement stirring machine (1)    rotary vertical shaft (2)    stirring blade (3)    cutting blade (4)    horizontal rail (8)    gas jet nozzle (11)    gas supply machine (12)
NOVELTY - The method involves controlling pH of organic waste during filling, fermentation process or cultivation process of the organic waste in a treatment tank, based on the detected volume change of polyelectrolyte gel mixed with organic waste. The polyelectrolyte gel expands/contracts according to the change of pH.    USE - For controlling pH of organic waste such as food residue in fermentation decompose treatment process, and also for saccharified fermentation processing of carbohydrate used for manufacturing ethanol, lactic acid, Natto and drug.    ADVANTAGE - The pH during solid fermentation and solid culture of the organic waste, is measured accurately. The decomposition ratio of the organic waste is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The polyelectrolyte gel is the amphoteric gel containing functional group of anion and cation into a polymeric chain. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for organic waste processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic waste processing apparatus.    treatment tank (1)    stirrer (2)    pH regulator (5)    pH control unit (6)    polyelectrolyte gel (9)
NOVELTY - Rancid state of organic refuse processing apparatus is reset by adding bacteriocin of Lactobacillus to rancid state-organic refuse, extinguishing or reducing activity of rancid microorganisms, deactivating bacteriocin of added Lactobacillus, increasing pH of rancid state-organic-refuse, adding decomposition microbe to rancid state-organic refuse and increasing pH.    USE - For decomposing rancid state-organic refuse using microorganisms.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to efficiently return organic refuse from rancid state.
NOVELTY - A main exhaust unit (11) is provided to supply and exhaust air in organic refuse processing container (3). A catalyst type deodorizer (14) arranged within a casing (2) housed in a main housing (1), deodorizes the odor component during exhaust process. An auxiliary exhaust unit (23) and a deodorizer (24) are arranged within the main housing.    USE - For heat drying and processing of organic waste ejected from kitchens in houses.    ADVANTAGE - The odor component in the exhaust air is efficiently deodorized, hence the processing machine is easily installed within the indoor. The structure of the processing machine is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A main exhaust unit (11) is provided to supply and exhaust air in organic refuse processing container (3). A catalyst type deodorizer (14) arranged within a casing (2) housed in a main housing (1), deodorizes the odor component during exhaust process. An auxiliary exhaust unit (23) and a deodorizer (24) are arranged within the main housing. The operation time of auxiliary exhaust unit during shutdown state of processing machine, is set longer than the operation time of the processing machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the drier in-built organic refuse processing machine. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    main housing (1)    casing (2)    organic refuse processing container (3)    main exhaust unit (11)    catalyst type deodorizer (14)    auxiliary exhaust unit (23)    deodorizer (24)
NOVELTY - An inner cylinder (4) is arranged inside a steel outer cylinder (3). The spiral blades (5,6) are arranged in the outer and inner sides of the inner cylinder, respectively and are rotated by a motor (2). The organic refuse is supplied through the processing routes (12,13) which are formed in the outer and inner sides of the inner cylinder.    USE - For treatment of organic refuse from farm, home.    ADVANTAGE - Since the motor is arranged at the top edge of the outer cylinder, the maintenance in the bottom end of the outer cylinder is performed easily. Enables installation of the processing apparatus in narrow place. The supply amount of the microorganism is reduced, by returning one portion of the microorganism through the return hole. The strength of the processing apparatus is increased, due to the formation of the steel made outer cylinder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An insertion opening (15) of the organic refuse is formed in the upper portion of a casing (17). An extraction opening (29) is formed in the top edge of the outer cylinder. The organic refuse supplied through the insertion opening is send to a downstream side of the inner cylinder, by rotation of the motor. The processing routes are connected to a transfer portion (14) formed in the end of the inner cylinder. The cutting blades are arranged such that the pitch in the lower portion of the spiral blade is formed smaller than the pitch in the upper portion of the blades. The microorganism is returned through a return hole formed in the upstream side of the outer cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a right side sectional view of the organic-refuse processing apparatus.    motor (2)    outer cylinder (3)    inner cylinder (4)    spiral blades (5,6)    processing routes (12,13)    transfer portion (14)    insertion opening (15)    casing (17)    extraction opening (29)
NOVELTY - A membrane module (22) equipped with a pervaporation film (22c) selectively isolates the pure water from an antifreeze, in pressure-reduction atmosphere. A humidifier (13) mixes the pure water with the supply gas of fuel cell stack (14).    USE - Fuel cell system mounted in starter device of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The freezing problems of fuel cell system at very low temperature are suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    humidifier (13)    fuel cell stack (14)    feed pump (18)    pervaporation membrane module (22)    pervaporation film (22c)
NOVELTY - A gas cylinder (2) supplies fuel gas such as liquefied petroleum gas or dimethyl ether to the solid polymer fuel cell (5). A pressure regulator (3) that lowers pressure of fuel gas supplied from the gas cylinder to a specified pressure, is provided between the fuel cell and the gas cylinder. The pressure regulated fuel gas is provided to the reformer (4).    USE - For supplying electric power for domestic and business use including domestic gas operated devices, gas air-conditioner, water heater.    ADVANTAGE - By providing regulator to adjust pressure of fuel gas supplied from gas cylinder to specific pressure, effective fuel cell system with improved net thermal efficiency is realized without need of pressure blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    gas cylinder (2)    pressure regulator (3)    reformer (4)    fuel cell (5)
NOVELTY - The boil off gas (BOG) (4) generated within the liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank (1) of the ship is reformed and is supplied to a fuel cell (6) for electric power generation.    USE - For processing boil off gas generated within liquefying gas holder of liquefied natural gas (LNG) transport ships.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to use the BOG efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for boil off gas processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the BOG processing method of LNG ship. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    LNG tank (1)    modifier (3)    BOG (4)    hydrogen (5)    fuel cell (6)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (4) generates electric power using reformed gas produced in fuel reformer (1). A purge gas is supplied from low-temperature side of reformed-gas flow path of fuel-cell system, to high-temperature side of flow path, to remove reformed gas remaining in the system, after shutdown of electric power generation process. Purge gas comprises an inert gas which does not react with reformed gas.    USE - For generating electricity for use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the durability of the fuel cell system, by purging the reformed gas remaining in the system. Prevents the thermal deterioration and deterioration by carbon monoxide, of the components of the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Purge gas is passed from the portion of reformed-gas flow path having low carbon monoxide concentration, to the portion of the flow path having high carbon monoxide concentration. A purge-gas supply unit supplies purge gas in the flow path, in the reverse direction to the direction of flow of reformed gas during power-generation mode, after shutdown operation. A combustor (5) produces an inactive combustion gas by burning a mixture of fuel and air, or unused reformed gas, which is used as the purge gas. A heat exchanger (6) exchanges heat with the combustion gas, so that air heated by the heat exchanger, is supplied to the reformer, during power-generation mode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (1)    cooling unit (3)    fuel cell (4)    combustor (5)    heat exchanger (6)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell includes a fuel recovery tank (26) which condenses and recovers the unmodified fuel of the heating gas emitted from fuel modifier (11), before entering carbon monoxide (CO) transformer. The recovery tank is placed in the fuel gas line (24) between fuel modifier and CO transformer (12).    USE - Solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack for power generation in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the entry of unmodified fuel into the CO transformer and CO removal device, thereby the hydrogen concentration and CO concentration are maintained constant, and the reliability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell power generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (10)    modifier (11)    CO transformer (12)    CO removal device (13)    fuel recovery tank (26)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal device (3) supplies oxidation gas to remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas. A gas supply valve of an oxidation gas supply unit is arranged upstream to carbon monoxide removal device and is controlled to regulate supply of the oxidation gas.    USE - For use in fuel cell to reform fuels such as liquefied natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to decrease the amount of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas, by oxidizing the carbon monoxide with the oxidation gas. The need for expensive carbon monoxide sensor is prevented, reducing the cost of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (1) adds water to fuel for modifying fuel to hydrogen rich gas containing carbon monoxide (CO). A shift-reaction device (2) converts CO in reformed gas into carbon dioxide. A sensor (21) arranged in the exit of the device (2), detects temperature of reformed gas. The supply amount of oxidation gas is adjusted based on relationship between output of sensor and carbon-monoxide concentration in the gas. A carbon monoxide removal device (3) supplies oxidation gas to remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas. A gas supply valve of an oxidation gas supply unit is arranged upstream to carbon monoxide removal device and is controlled to regulate supply of the oxidation gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell using the fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    shift-reaction device (2)    carbon monoxide removal device (3)    control unit (4)    temperature sensor (21)
NOVELTY - A combustor (10) which generates high temperature gas (G), has an evaporation board (14) and spaced hot plates (16,16'). A combustion chamber (15) with combustion flame (f) is formed between hot plate (16) and the board into which air mixed liquid fuel is sprayed through nozzle (12). The combustion flame performs radiation heating of the board and the hot plate, to obtain combustion gas (G').    USE - Partial oxidation modifier in fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The stable combustion of the fuel is carried out at air fuel ratio of about 1 or more even when using liquid fuel, such as methanol. The reformed gas which contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide is generated easily and provides simple and size reduced structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Combustion flame has flat surface. The evaporation board is sintered board having fiber or ceramic fiber with heat resistant metal particle. The hot plate (16) is perforated panel or mesh of heat resistant metal or ceramics. An evaporation unit (18) which evaporates liquid fuel by high temperature gas is provided at rear end of the combustor. A modification unit (2) packed with a modification catalyst for modifying mixed raw material with hydrogen gas, is provided at rear end of evaporation unit (18). The temperature of the mixed raw material in the evaporation chamber is controlled so that the inner gas temperature of the modifier does not exceed the heat resistance temperature of the catalyst. The combustor, evaporation unit and modification unit are arranged sequentially.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the partial oxidation modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    partial oxidation modifier (2)    combustor (10)    fuel injection nozzle (12)    evaporation board (14)    combustion chamber (15)    hot plate (16)    evaporation unit (18)    modification unit (20)    combustion flame (F)    high temperature gas (G,G')
NOVELTY - The aromatic compound selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and 1-methylnaphthalene, is added as solubilizer of dehydrogenated product, into the reaction product before supplying the reaction product into a vapor-liquid separator (5), when decalin is used as hydrogen emitter.    USE - For fuel cell system used in residence.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective and continuous operation of the fuel cell system whose response to load fluctuation of domestic electric power, is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decalin stored in a tank (21), is supplied into a reactor (4) having catalyst (41) supported by metal. The catalyst is heated using a heater (43), to produce hydrogen gas by reacting with decalin. The vapor-liquid separator isolates hydrogen gas and dehydrogenated product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tank (21)    aromatic compound storage unit (22)    reactor (4)    catalyst (41)    heater (43)    vapor-liquid separator (5)
NOVELTY - An orifice (30) is formed at the center of a casing (10), through which air is supplied into a path (27) formed in the casing, where reformed gas is circulated inside the casing. Several air supply holes (26) are formed in the path, at equal interval. A shielding board (50) and a distributor with an opening are arranged in the casing, so as to change the circulation direction of the mixed gas containing reformed gas and air.    USE - For mixing reformed gas and air used for producing heating gas used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the mixing vessel is reduced. The mixing efficiency of the vessel is improved. The capability of removing carbon monoxide is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixed gas is the reactive gas used in fuel reformer to reform fuel, and produce heating gas used in fuel cell. A carbon monoxide removal unit is arranged to remove carbon monoxide in reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the mixing vessel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    casing (10)    air supply holes (26)    supply path (27)    orifice (30)    shielding board (50)
NOVELTY - The fuel has a distillation end point of 220degreesC or less, and contains 40 vol.% or less of hydrocarbon and 1 vol.% or less of benzene. The hydrocarbon has a sulfur content of 50 mass ppm or less. The benzene generation index (X) of the fuel is 4 or less and is given by preset relation.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Generation amount of byproducts is restrained. The fuel is manufactured with high energy efficiency. Generation of hydrogen is performed stably for long period of time. Deterioration of modification catalyst is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel has a distillation end point of 220degreesC or less, and contains 40 vol.% or less of hydrocarbon and 1 vol.% or less of benzene. The hydrocarbon has a sulfur content of 50 mass ppm or less. The benzene generation index (X) of the fuel is 4 or less and is given by the relation: X = 1/8xA+1/20xB+1/15xC, where A is the amount of toluene (in vol.%), B is the amount of aromatics other than benzene and toluene (in vol.%) and C is the amount of naphthene (in vol.%). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of hydrogen manufacture using a steam-reforming type hydrogen manufacture system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A supply unit (22, 22') to supply hydrocarbon group fuel into a reaction tank (15) in which dehydrogenation of fuel with the heated catalyst (20) is performed. A cooling unit (17) arranged at downstream side of the reactor, liquefies the unreacted hydrocarbon group fuel collected by a recovery unit (23). A separation tank (11) separates the hydrogen gas and dehydrogenated product.    USE - For producing hydrogen used for fuel cell in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon group fuel is quickly performed at high efficiency. The hydrogen gas of high purity is easily produced. The structure of the apparatus is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    separation tank (11)    reaction tank (15)    cooling unit (17)    catalyst (20)    supply unit (22,22')    recovery unit (23)
NOVELTY - The catalyst particles (12) in a reaction tank (10), are scattered in inert gas atmosphere by hydrocarbon-type fuel sprayed into the tank. A movable separation membrane (44) separates hydrogen gas produced by dehydrogenation of the fuel in the reaction tank and the dehydrogenated product.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas to be supplied to fuel cell mounted on vehicle e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The highly pure hydrogen gas is produced quickly and efficiently using a lightweight and compact production apparatus and hence the efficiency of fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tank has a stirrer (16) to stir catalyst particles. The inert gas is heated by a heater. A gas separator separates the hydrogen gas and inert gas. A storage tank divided into multiple chambers by movable dividing walls, stores the dehydrogenated product below the separation membrane, and fuel. The storage tank has a discharge port to eject hydrogen gas. A regeneration tank (60) heats the dehydrogenated product and regenerates the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    catalyst particles (12)    stirrer (16)    storage tank (30)    separation membrane (44)    heater (48)    regeneration tank (60)
NOVELTY - A mixing unit mixes a hydrocarbon fuel such as decalin (12), and an inert gas such as nitrogen, to produce decalin-containing inert gas. A reaction unit performs dehydrogenation of the decalin-containing inert gas using a monolithic catalyst heated by a heater. A separation membrane (14) separates the hydrogen gas formed by dehydrogenation reaction, from the product (12') formed by dehydrogenation.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas for supply to fuel cell mounted in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables performing dehydrogenation of decalin quickly and efficiently, by entraining decalin in the inert gas. Enables supplying very pure hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, as the separation membrane separates hydrogen gas from the dehydrogenation product. The apparatus is lightweight and small, as a single tank stores both decalin and the dehydrogenation product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A supply unit supplies inert gas into decalin stored in a storage tank (11) of the mixing unit. A liquefier liquefies the formed dehydrogenation product.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage and separation tank, which has a decalin storage portion equipped with an inert-gas supply port, and a discharge port for discharging decalin-containing inert gas. A dehydrogenation-product storage portion of the tank, stores a mixture of decalin-containing inert gas, and the product formed by dehydrogenation of decalin. The separation membrane separates hydrogen gas from the mixture, and returns remaining inert gas to the supply port of the decalin storage portion, and supplies hydrogen gas to a hydrogen-gas utilization apparatus. A wall (13) divides the decalin storage portion and the dehydrogenated-product storage portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen-gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (11)    Decalin (12)    Dehydrogenation product (12')    Wall (13)    Separation membrane (14)
NOVELTY - A water evaporator (1) has through-holes (20,26) and flow-paths (22,24) that are formed in low and high temperature header plates (10,14) and flow-path plates (22,24), respectively. The modification and combustion catalysts (21,23) are provided to respective header and intermediate plates (10,12) for processing input source gas (33) and heating gas (37) to emit reformed gas (38) to a combustor (5).    USE - For modifying source gases such as town gas to generate reformed gas in polymer electrolyte fuel cell (PEFC) used in electric power distribution device.    ADVANTAGE - Improves heat exchange efficiency using simple and inexpensive structure, without increasing the pressure loss of the fluid, by forming through-holes and flow-paths in header and flow-path plates of the modifier system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the modifier system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    water evaporator (1)    modifier (2)    carbon monoxide (CO) shift reactor (3)    recuperator (4)    CO combustor (5)    header plates (10,14)    flow-path plates (11,13)    intermediate plates (12,15)    through-holes (20,26)    flow-paths (22,24)    modification and combustion catalysts (21,23)    source gas (33)    waste gas (34)    heating gas (37)    reformed gas (38)
NOVELTY - A sealant (38) made from an expanded graphite is adhered to the outer surface of a pipe (10). The sealant is pinched by the connection elements (34,36,40) from both sides, along the axial direction of the pipe. A tapered contact surface (39) of a sealant (38) abuts with the connection element to close the pipe. An inclined contact surface (44) is formed with dents, corresponding to the contact surface.    USE - For use with fluid apparatus such as modifier for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of the gas of a hydrogen generation portion through gap between a housing and a hydrogen isolation module, by the sealant adhered to the outer surface of the pipe. Ensures high sealing performance even in high temperature operations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connection element is made of metal or alloy such that the thermal coefficient of the connection material is 10x10power-6, in the room temperature of about 500 degreesC. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) sealant which is adhered in the outer wall surface of the pipe. The sealant consists of a cylindrical portion and an inclined portion, The length of the cylindrical portion is greater than or equal to the inclined portion; and    (2) modifier which has a hydrogen generator to generate hydrogen from a gas source. A hydrogen column is mounted in the limit portion of the generator and a gas channel and is equipped with a hydrogen separation membrane to transmit hydrogen from hydrogen generator to the gas channel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the joint structure.    pipe (10)    connection elements (34,36,40)    sealant (38)    tapered contact surface (39)    inclined contact surface (44)
NOVELTY - Chemical-vapor-deposition by ionizing reagent gas containing at least one type of constituent element chosen from hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, ionizing organometallic (MO) compound gas by mixing ionized reagent gas MO compound gas, separating MO ion based on mass using magnetic field/electric field, forming target film on substrate (8) by irradiating substrate with high concentration of MO ion.    USE - (M1) is useful for chemical vapor deposition for preparing thin film (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (M1) is efficient in chemical vapor deposition for preparing thin film with less impurities and with a favorable crystallinity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Chemical-vapor-deposition (M1) involves ionizing reagent gas containing at least one type of constituent element chosen from hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and oxygen, ionizing organometallic (MO) compound gas by mixing ionized reagent gas with source gas, preferably MO compound gas, separating MO ion based on mass using magnetic field or an electric field, forming target film on a substrate by irradiating a substrate with high concentration of MO ion. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for chemical-vapor-deposition apparatus comprising unit to ionize reagent gas, unit ionize organometallic compound gas, unit to separate MO ion with mass selection by magnetic field, electric field, or a time of flight, unit to perform acceleration, deceleration or both and to irradiate a substrate with organometallic ion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagrammatic representation of apparatus performing chemical-vapor-deposition. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reagent gas ionized chamber (1)    organometallic ionization chamber (2)    mass separator (5)    ion acceleration deceleration device (6)    film formation chamber (7)    substrate (8)
NOVELTY - The liquid having carbon containing compound as main constituent and superheated steam, are supplied using corresponding nozzles (12,13), into a reaction container (11) and heated by radiant tube type heater, to produce water gas. Chlorine gas involved in the reaction is decomposed in chlorine compound absorption container (22).    USE - For producing water gas used in iron mill.    ADVANTAGE - Increases thermal efficiency of the reaction. Since heater is exposed outside the container, the water gas forming reaction is induced by directly heating liquid fuel and superheated stream. Eliminates stagnation of liquid fuel and steam by using tubular reaction container. Uses fuel and steam efficiently and enables maintenance check easily with a simple design of the water gas forming apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid and superheated steam inside the container, are mixed within the container. The radiant tube type heater is provided inside or outside the container. The combustible gas with chlorine compound generated from the reaction is ejected through a gas outlet (15) and removed by using chlorine compound absorption container (22).    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for water gas forming method which involves decomposing liquid such as used oil containing carbon compound and superheated steam by heating liquid and steam and forming water gas continuously. The chlorine compound in combustible gas is removed by using chlorine compound absorption container having alkali chemical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of the water gas forming apparatus.    reaction container (11)    nozzles (12,13)    gas outlet (15)    gas recovery pipe (20)    valve (21)    chlorine compound absorption container (22)
NOVELTY - The membranous reactor (1) is provided with the hydrogen separation membranes (3,4) which are away from the range of compound inlet (11). The reactor separates the hydrogen in the heating gas produced during water vapor modification reaction, while passing the heating gas through the separation membranes.    USE - For reforming hydrogen gas used for solid polymeric fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrogen separation membranes are away from the compound inlet, the supply of hydrogen gas by the dividing wall is prevented and the purified hydrogen gas is efficiently supplied to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactor is alternatively divided into two and are provided at the upstream side and downstream side. The reactors have respective hydrogen separation chambers which are connected to a storage tank (15). The upstream side hydrogen separation chamber, is only connected to the reformation chamber (2). The upstream side reactor produces heating gas containing hydrogen from carbon hydrogen compound and the downstream side reactor produces heating gas containing hydrogen from the breed gas. The breed gas is supplied to carbon monoxide (CO) removal apparatus through a pressure control valve provided between the reactors. A catalyst in the upstream side reactor has low temperature activity than the catalyst in downstream side reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of the hydrogen gas reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation reactor (1)    Reformation chamber (2)    Hydrogen separation membranes (3,4)    Compound inlet (11)    Storage tank (15)
NOVELTY - Gas containing methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, that is generated by digestion of organic waste, is contacted with calcium-hydroxide powder, and the carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are fixed to the calcium-hydroxide powder. Gas with increased methane content, is recovered. Separation-and-recovery of methane from digestion gas of organic waste is thus carried out.    USE - For separation-and-recovery of methane from digestion gas of organic waste such as sewage sludge, livestock excrements and foodstuffs-manufacturing plant such as beer manufacturing plant, used as fuel, with the recovered methane used for manufacture of fuel cell and electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The separation-and-recovery method of methane is carried out using a single simple apparatus, with high efficiency. Methane of high purity is obtained. The separation-and-recovery method has large industrial value, and enables recycling of products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system implementing separation-and-recovery method of methane from digestion gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Digester (11)    Decarboxylation-hydrogen-sulfide removal apparatus (12)    Gas holder (13)    Dehydrator (14)    Kneading machine (15)    Firing furnace (16)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of succinic anhydride involves performing hydrogenation reaction of maleic acid anhydride raw material, in presence of a catalyst. Hydrogenation reaction is performed using raw material hydrogen reacted with maleic acid anhydride, in reactor (10) partially purged with gas, such that hydrogen raw material has methane content of 1-10 vol%. Methane concentration in gaseous phase in reactor is 30 vol% or less.    USE - For manufacture of succinic anhydride used as synthetic raw material, such as diester of succinic acid, succinic acid, succinimide and polyester.    ADVANTAGE - Succinic anhydride with high purity, is produced efficiently and economically by effective conversion of maleic acid anhydride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing apparatus of succinic anhydride. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (10)    reaction solution acceptable bath (20)    filter (30)    reaction bath (40)    catalyst preparation tank (50)
NOVELTY - Gas comprising mixture of hydrogen, aromatic hydrocarbons, and unrequited organic hydride, which is formed during dehydrogenation of organic hydride, in the presence of dehydrogenation catalyst, is made to contact a solvent. Hydrogen gas is separated from aromatic hydrocarbons and unreacted hydride, by making the solvent to absorb aromatic hydrocarbons and unreacted hydride.    USE - For separating hydrogen from mixture of gases produced in hydrogen generator which uses organic hydride as raw material, for using hydrogen as fuel of solid polymer type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficiently separating hydrogen, using the organic solvent which is the same as that of the raw material, without condensing the gas, and thereby reducing energy loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solvent comprises a portion of the organic hydride which undergoes dehydrogenation.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen separation and collection apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the hydrogen separation apparatus.    solvent (10)    solvent container (11)    gas supply pipe (20)    gas bubbles (21)    hydrogen discharge pipe (30)
NOVELTY - The waste plastic (24) such as urethane resin of maximum particle size 10-50 mm and 0.1 or more relative bulk density, is supplied to cement kiln at the rate of 20 m/s or more after compaction, for performing pulverization, such that maximum particle size and density of waste plastic is made into 3 mm or less and 0.1 or more respectively.    USE - For preparing cement clinker from waste plastic obtained from recycling process of waste materials such as domestic electrical appliances e.g. refrigerator, air-conditioner.    ADVANTAGE - Enables burning of waste plastic in cement kiln stably, thereby high quality cement clinker is obtained, at reduced storage cost, grinding cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cement clinker preparation apparatus which includes fan (30) provided at pneumatic piping connecting waste plastic storage tank (20) and fuel nozzle (40). The waste plastic is supplied to the cement kiln from the tank through the piping. A pulverizer is provided at the piping, near the nozzle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the suction type cement-clinker preparation apparatus and the structure of the ejector.    Tank (20)    Feeder (22)    Waste plastic (24)    Pneumatic piping (26)    Fan (30)    Ejector (32)    Fuel nozzle (40)
NOVELTY - The organic refuse in the mixing vessel is initially fermented by stirring it in an atmosphere at temperature in the range of 60-70 degreesC. The fermented refuse is further dried by stirring, at temperature range of 85-95 degreesC.    USE - For processing organic refuse such as compost from fodder for livestock generated in e.g. home, market.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation and drying of the organic refuse are efficiently performed in a short time, without requirement of additional drying apparatus. Hence installation cost of the organic refuse processing apparatus is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) organic refuse processing apparatus; and    (2) organic refuse processing apparatus mounting car.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph explaining the relationship of time and temperature during the garbage disposal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A waste wood material is mixed with a chlorine-containing synthetic resin, and heated to 250-350degreesC. The synthetic resin is thermally decomposed, to obtain a combustible treated substance from which chlorine is removed.    USE - For removing chlorine from chlorine-containing synthetic resin.    ADVANTAGE - Fusion of synthetic resin to the furnace wall, is prevented. Dechlorination process is performed efficiently with high dechlorination rate. Waste wood material is utilized effectively as raw material or fuel. Transportation of the resin material is made easy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the dechlorination method of chlorine-containing synthetic resin. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    dechlorination process (10)    crushing apparatus (11)    thermal decomposition furnace (12)    cooling device (13)    pulverization apparatus (14)
NOVELTY - A cation exchange resin layer (43) is formed in one portion of the gas passageways (41,42) of the separators (21,31), that are provided for supplying heating gas and oxidizing agent gas to anode and cathode respectively.    USE - For portable power supply of electric vehicle, domestic co-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the corrosion of the separator, hence diffusion of metal ion to an electrolyte film is prevented and thus the workability of the fuel cell is maintained for a long time period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an expanded sectional view of the separator.    Separators (21,31)    Gas passageways (41,42)    Cation exchange resin layer (43)
NOVELTY - An intermediate portion (11f) of a path in an inner cylinder (11) is formed with a large spherical inner face and an outer cylinder (12) is formed with a cone-shaped inner face. The small and large diameter edges (12a, 12b) of the cylinder (12) are arranged in the exit (11b) and the inlet (11a) of the cylinder (11), respectively. A burner (13) heats the inside of the inner cylinder to carbonize the process object.    USE - Used for carbonizing an object.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus enables dry processing of an object effectively and efficiently and carbonizes the process object in a short time period. The need for a cooling unit is eliminated, reducing the size of the carbonization apparatus and achieving a cost reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the rotary carbonization apparatus.    inner cylinder (11)    inlet (11a)    exit (11b)    intermediate portion of path (11f)    outer cylinder (12)    small and large diameter edges (12a, 12b)    burner (13)
NOVELTY - A laboratory process determines the quantity and quality of biogas e.g. methane arising from organic break-down in a batch process. The variable-volume foul gas laboratory fermentation assembly especially is not separated from the gas chamber. The substrate samples analyzed contain less than 5 g dry matter.    USE - Used in a laboratory fermentation process to determine the quantity and quality of biogas e.g. methane arising from organic break-down in a batch process.    ADVANTAGE - Effective analysis is achieved using smaller samples than prior art. Less laboratory apparatus is required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fermentation assembly is a glass or plastic cylinder incorporating a gas-tight compression piston and plunger. The cylinder has an outlet tube with a shut-off valve linked to the analytical instrument. The moving parts have gas seals. The cylinder is temperature controlled as necessary using ambient air or a bath. The sample substance is analyzed either in its natural state or with an inoculated additive. The sample is freeze-dried or dried in air at up to 70 degreesC prior to analysis.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a suitable measuring cylinder.    Cylinder (1)    Stopper (2)    Substrate (3)    Gas tube to analysis (4)    Gas tube shut-off valve (5)    Gas quantity measuring scale (6)    Gas chamber (7)
NOVELTY - A biologic fertilizer for activating microbes, loosening soil, decomposing the residual chemical fertilizer, agricultural chemicals and heavy metals, and increasing the yield of agricultural crops isprepared through culturing yeast, mixing it with rice husk, brown sugar and shale powder, adding the mixture to city sludge, stirring, stacking for fermenting for 5-7 days while re-stacking once per day and adding calcium perphosphate, adding N and K fertilizers, stirring and granulating, and packaging for storing.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a kind of comprehensively utilizing environment protecting toilet. Excrement from the toilet, animal dejection and corrupt animal and plant are transferred to large marsh gas tank to ferment and sterilize to form excellent organic fertilizer for farm land. The inner and outer walls may be used to advertise.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to one excrement mud treating method including separating into solid excrement mud and water, high temperature fast fermentation of solid excrement mud with fast fermenting bacteria, and deodorizing and sterilizing. The present invention makes it possible to eliminate dioxin in fermentation apparatus at low cost. The treated excrement mud may be used as compost material, feed or feed additive. The separated water is nutritive and may be used in plant culture. The present invention is one comprehensive excrement mud utilizing system.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to the preparation of green organic fertilizer. The present invention features that domestic garbage with organic matters is sorted to eliminate impurity, crushed decomposed and fermented to form earthworm feed; earthworm is thrown into the fermented and watered garbage for 3-4 days to treat the garbage and change garbage into dung; and the earthworm dung is pelletized and stoved to obtain the fertilizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention relates to the preparation of green organic fertilizer. The present invention features that domestic garbage with organic matters is sorted to eliminate impurity, crushed decomposed and fermented to form earthworm feed; earthworm is thrown into the fermented and watered garbage for 3-4 days to treat the garbage and change garbage into dung; and the earthworm dung is pelletized and stoved to obtain the fertilizer. The present invention makes it possible to treat a great amount of domestic garbage into green organic fertilizer.
NOVELTY - A thermally-integrated low temperature water-gas shift reactor comprises a waste-heat recovery steam generator (10) for recovery of exothermic reaction heat to generate steam (11) that is used in the conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock into hydrogen-rich gases; an outer region; a catalyst bed (19); and an outer region in heat transfer communication with the steam generator to maintain the catalyst bed temperature.    USE - For converting carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and water, and useful for production of hydrogen for fuel cells (100).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides improved catalytic activity and thermodynamic conversion. It allows the recovery of useful waste heat to generate steam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of apparatus for testing a thermally-integrated low temperature water-gas shift apparatus.    Reactant mixture (1)    Steam generator (10)    Steam (11)    Catalyst bed (19)    Fuel cell (100)
NOVELTY - The continuous reactor is for ultra-rapid pyrolysis of bio-mass, is vertically mounted allowing the descending flow of material, and incorporates heating by radiation, using high temperature resistive components, positioned preferably inside the reactor. The bio-mass is heated under conditions of reduced pressure (to 10 kPa) to the temperature of thermo-chemical conversion.    USE - For the ultra-rapid pyrolysis of bio-mass.    ADVANTAGE - The vertical arrangement of the reactor dispenses with the use of internal mechanisms or moving parts with regard to the utilization of gases for fluidization of the bed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - As the process uses a high rate of heating (200 to 1000 degrees Celsius), the immediate removal of volatile substances is necessary as soon as they are generated. For this purpose, multiple outlets are arranged along the reactor.
NOVELTY - Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, especially natural gas, with the simultaneous recovery of a C3/C4-rich fraction comprises carrying out the liquefaction while exchanging heat with a flow of coolant and/or a mixed flow of coolant, passing to a separating column (T1) in which higher hydrocarbons are separated out from the flow of natural gas, and subjecting to further cooling and liquefaction.    USE - Liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, especially a natural gas stream.    ADVANTAGE - A high yield is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for liquefying a hydrocarbon-rich stream, especially a natural gas stream, with the simultaneous recovery of a C3/C4-rich fraction comprises carrying out the liquefaction while exchanging heat with a flow of coolant and/or a mixed flow of coolant, passing to a separating column (T1) in which higher hydrocarbons are separated out from the flow of natural gas, and subjecting to further cooling and liquefaction. A C2+-rich fraction obtained during the subsequent cooling is fed in the form of a reflux liquid to the separating column. A C4/C5-rich fraction (20) is indirectly and/or directly fed in the form of an additional reflux liquid to the separating column, in which the feed point of the C4/C5-rich fraction is located at the top of the column or is identical to the feed point of the C2+-rich fraction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.    C4/C5-rich fraction (20)    mass transfer zone (M)    separating column (T1)    depropanizer (T2)    depropanizer side column (T3)
NOVELTY - Reduction of an amount of constituent in tobacco, comprises providing a vessel containing the tobacco comprising the constituent; contacting the tobacco with subcritical fluid consisting of carbon dioxide or a hydrocarbon; and removing the subcritical carbon dioxide from the vessel to reduce the amount of the constituent in the tobacco.    USE - For reducing an amount of a constituent, e.g. polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) or secondary alkaloid (claimed), in tobacco.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, scaleable, environmentally sound, and commercially viable for reduction of unwanted constituents in plant matter, e.g. tobacco, without altering the attributes of the product.
NOVELTY - Production of a liquid compost material comprises adding water to a water holding tank containing a starter compost material; adding nutrients to the tank to stimulate microbial growth in the tank; aerating the liquid, compost material and nutrients to stimulate bacterial breakdown and to form the liquid compost material; and removing a predetermined quantity of liquid compost material as a product following a predetermined time period.    USE - For producing liquid compost material for use as a soil amendment or soil treatment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process can be easily automated and controlled by a microprocessor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a liquid compost material producing apparatus comprising a first liquid and starter compost holding tank; a water addition apparatus; a nutrient addition apparatus; an aerator; a timer for indicating the elapse of a predetermined time period wherein bacterial breakdown of the starter compost and added nutrients is complete and the liquid compost material has been produced; and a liquid compost removal apparatus for removing a quantity of the liquid compost material following the predetermined time period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the liquid compost aerator of the invention.    Container (101)    Clamp (102)    Motor (103)    Collar (104)    Casing (110)    Circumferential opening (111)    Bottom opening (112)    Mesh (115)
NOVELTY - The cell stack has a manifold assembly device that allows for distribution of a fuel source e.g. hydrogen, to an anode side of a proton exchange membrane (50)(PEM). An entrance orifice for the fuel source is larger than an exit orifice. A pressure sensitive seal or a flexible, contoured seal is positioned around perimeter borders of an anode face of the PEM and a bipolar separator plate (BSM) (60) to form a seal (100).    USE - Used for generating power.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack provides a good long term performance of the cell, and is less expensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a offset isometric view of interlocking contoured seals that are useful as the seals of the fuel cell.    Proton exchange membrane (50)    Active area (58)    Interlocking seal (100)    Centre groove (101)    Hooks or barbs (112A, 112 B)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a hydrogen delivery and recovery sub-system for supplying hydrogen to an inlet of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and recovering unused hydrogen for an outlet of the cell sack. A hermetically sealed regenerative pump (100) pumps hydrogen through the delivery, sub-system and the stack. The hydrogen is supplied to the delivery and the sub-system utilizes a source of hydrogen.    USE - Used for replenishing hydrogen in a hydrogen fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The regenerative pump is small in size, consumes less power and increases durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an anode sub-system of a hydrogen-based fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a regenerative pump.    Regenerative pump (100)    Inner case (110)    Outer case (120)    Impeller (130)    Electric motor (140)    Body (150)
NOVELTY - An agent for treating waste water containing dimethylsulfoxide, comprises a solution of a porous material (32) at 6500-7500 mg/L, where an average size of pore openings of the porous material is 60-550 mum.    USE - The invention is used for treating waste water containing dimethylsulfoxide. It is used in a waste water treatment system. (all claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The quality of the treated water and the operation of the waste water treatment system may be stabilized, and dimethylsulfoxide can be biologically decomposed. Thus, dimethylsulfoxide concentration may be managed to levels below environmental management standards.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a waste water treatment system, comprising a waste water tank (20) for collecting waste water containing dimethylsulfoxide; an aeration tank (30) connected tot he waste water tank via a connection pipe (60) and containing a solution of a porous material; a sedimentation tank (40) connected to the aeration tank via a connection pipe, for biologically decomposing the dimethylsulfoxide and settling produced sludge; and a treated water tank (50) for returning a portion of treated waste water to the waste water tank, and collecting the remaining treated water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a waste water treatment system, for treating a waste water containing dimethylsulfoxide.    Waste water tank (20)    Aeration tank (30)    Porous material (32)    Sedimentation tank (40)    Treated water tank (50)    Connection pipe (60)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon liquid and oxidant comprising oxygen are supplied into cold-flame vaporizer (14a) and a portion of hydrocarbon liquid is partially oxidized to produce heat, which vaporizes remaining volume of fuel. The oxygen to carbon molar ratio within the cold flame vaporizer is controlled and the obtained outlet stream comprising vaporized hydrocarbon is reformed to produce reformate stream.    USE - For use in fuel cell system (claimed) used as power source for mobile and vehicular applications.    ADVANTAGE - The overall system size is reduced. The temperature control of resultant mixture enabled optimized reformation within the auto thermal reformer (14b). Controlling O/C, S/C and pressure parameters within the single unit enables control of transient reformation process for reducing risk of catalyst damage and unwanted reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operating of fuel cell system (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of fuel cell system comprising fuel processing sub system having cold-flame vaporizer and auto thermal reformer.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel tank (12)    Fuel processing subsystem (14)    Cold-flame vaporizer (14a)    Auto thermal reformer (14b)    Saturated source (16)
NOVELTY - A direct oxidation fuel cell having improved performance uses a neat fuel for producing direct electrochemical oxidation.    USE - As alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell (all claimed), and used for hand-held electronics such as cellular phones.    ADVANTAGE - The direct oxidation fuel cell eliminates the need of carrying large amount of water. The fuel cell has improved power density, and effectively reduces alcohol crossover. The fuel cell system sustains high current density, due to the usage of 2-propanol as neat fuel. The cellular phones produced using direct oxidation fuel cell has power source lasting for long time, and fuel cell is capable of refreshing itself.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solid membrane fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph depicting the performance of direct oxidation fuel cell at 60degreesC.
NOVELTY - An oxygen sensor (26) monitors the oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in the permeate gas separated from the hydrogen-rich gas. An electrolyzer (28) adds the oxygen in a metered fashion to the anode circuit (8), based on the monitored data.    USE - For performing safe, emergency shut-down of fuel cell system used in motor vehicle, during abnormal condition.    ADVANTAGE - Performs safe emergency shut-down with limited-time continued operation of the fuel cell, without irreversible damage of the fuel cell due smallest membrane leakage of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) motor vehicle fuel cell system; and    (2) method of operating fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    reformate gas (6)    anode circuit (8)    fuel cell (10)    compressor (16)    accumulator (18)    oxygen sensor (26)    electrolyzer (28)
NOVELTY - A film-forming concentrate solution comprises an aqueous solution of 50-90 wt.% glycol, 4-8 wt.% deionized water, 0.05-3 wt.% nonionic surfactant, 0.002-2 wt.% sodium benzoate and 0-1.5 wt.% mineral oil.    USE - Protecting the interior components and water lines of a pressure washer from freezing and mineral deposit buildup.    ADVANTAGE - The composition inhibits the formation of mineral deposits on the exposed internal parts of a pressure washer, protects a pressure washer from damage from freezing and mineral buildup, can be applied internally to other apparatus than pressure washers such as paint sprayers, and is simple and inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an isometric view of the gas pressurized aerosol container.    Valve (14)    Opening (16)    Tube (18)    Nozzle (20)    Threads (24)
NOVELTY - A refuse derived fuel (RDF) for use in furnace for cement calcination is prepared by separating/removing wet garbage from municipal waste; shredding sorted waste into the size less than 50 mm; separating/removing incombustible waste from the shredded waste; drying the shredded waste to the extent that moisture content of the shredded waste is less than 25 %; and baling the shredded waste    USE - As fuel for use in furnace for cement calcination.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables recycle of waste resources and prevents dioxin emission caused by incineration of municipal waste.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a refuse derived fuel formed as above.