TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The composition of anode material is preferably of formula: Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybO2-zFz, Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybCoapproximatelycO2-zFz, Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybAlapproximatelydO2-zFz, Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybTiapproximatelydO2-zFz, Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybCoapproximatelycAlapproximatelydO2-zFz or Li1+xNiapproximatelyaMnapproximatelybCoapproximatelycTiapproximatelydO2-zFz, where x,alpha,beta and z are same as defined above, gamma is 0.01-0.333 and delta is 0.01-0.2. The positive active material contains 0.05-10 wt.% of surface coating material. The surface coating material contains aluminum, bismuth, gallium, germanium, indium, magnesium, lead, silicon, tin, titanium, thallium, zinc and/or zirconium. The surface coating material preferably contains aluminum isopropoxide, zinc methoxide or indium isopropoxide, and is dissolved in ethanol. Preferred Method: The anode material is formed by solid-state reaction process, aqueous solution based process or sol-gel process. Lithium hydroxide, lithium fluoride, nickel hydroxide, cobalt hydroxide and M'-hydroxide or M'-nitrate (M' = magnesium, zinc, aluminum or gallium) are dissolved in distilled water whose pH is adjusted with nitric acid, and a solution (I) is formed. An aqueous solution of manganese acetate is added to the solution (I), and a solution (II) is formed. The solution (II) is refluxed in a flask attached with a condenser at 80 degrees Celsius for 12-24 hours. The refluxed solution is evaporated in a rotary vacuum evaporator, and a gel precursor is formed. The organic contents are eliminated from the gel precursor at 400 degrees Celsius for 2 hours, and a powder is formed. The powder is calcined at 900-1000 degrees Celsius for 10-24 hours in air or oxygen-containing atmosphere to prepare anode material by aqueous solution based process. Lithium acetate, lithium fluoride, nickel acetate, manganese acetate, cobalt acetate, and M'-acetate or M'-nitrate (M' = same as defined above) are dissolved in distilled water, and the solution is added to glycolic/tartaric acid solution that is used as a chelating agent. The pH of the solution is adjusted to around 7 using ammonium hydroxide, and a gel precursor is formed, where dissolving, adding and adjusting are performed under continuous stirring and heating. The gel precursor is decomposed at 450 degrees Celsius for 5 hours, and decomposed powder is obtained. The decomposed powder is then fired at 900-1000 degrees Celsius for 10-24 hours in an air or oxygen-containing atmosphere to prepare anode material by sol-gel method. Lithium hydroxide (or lithium carbonate), lithium fluoride, (nickel, manganese, cobalt)-hydroxide (or (nickel, manganese, cobalt)-carbonate), and M'-hydroxide (or M'-oxide)(M' = magnesium, zinc, aluminum, gallium, boron, zirconium or titanium) are mixed. The mixed material is calcined at 450-550 degrees Celsius for 12-30 hours in air, and again calcined at 900-1000 degrees Celsius for 10-24 hours in air or oxygen-containing atmosphere to prepare anode material by solid-state reaction method. The surface-coated compound of positive active material is heated at 100-500 degrees Celsius for 1-24 hours.