NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises: an auto-thermal reformer for producing a heated reformate from a provided fuel mixture through a chemical reaction; a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the auto-thermal reformer for receiving the heated reformate; and a thermoelectric module disposed in thermal communication with a portion of the heat exchanger, and adapted to produce electricity from the heated reformate.    USE - For use in automobiles or homes.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can achieve higher overall system efficiencies in small-scale, highly integrated fuel cell systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of operating a fuel cell system; and    (b) a method of generating heat and electrical energy.    The fuel cell system is operated by operating an auto-thermal reformer to produce a reformate with thermal energy. The reformate is provided to a heat exchanger in fluid communication with the auto-thermal reformer. A portion of the thermal energy of the reformate in the heat exchanger is harnessed. The thermal energy is transformed into electricity. Heat and electrical energy are generated by supplying a fuel mixture to an auto-thermal reactor to generate a reformate. A temperature differential is generated across a thermal-to-electric device to generate electricity for secondary power. Components of the fuel mixture in a heat exchanger are pre-heated. The pre-heating comprises heat from the reformats. The thermal-to-electric device is in thermal communication with the heat exchanger. The reformate is supplied to a fuel cell stack for generating electricity for primary power and secondary heat.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a thermoelectric power generator module.    Thermoelectric module (10)    Thermoelectric elements (12)    Electrical insulators (20, 22)    Heat conduction wall (24, 26)
NOVELTY - Bipolar plate (10) comprises a metal substrate (12), and a metallic corrosion-resistant layer (14) provided within a boundary region (15) of the substrate by impinging metallic powdered particles into the boundary region at high velocities so that the impinged metallic powdered particles splat across and embed in the boundary region to metallurgically interlock with the substrate.    USE - For proton exchange membrane fuel cell used in high-duty vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate is cost-effective and corrosion-resistant. It has improved resistance to mechanical and thermal stresses. It has a robust structure that can withstand increased loads.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of producing a metallic bipolar plate, comprising:    providing metallic particles with high kinetic energy, the metallic particles being metals or metal alloys exhibiting anti-corrosion characteristics;    impinging the highly energized metallic particles against a metal substrate at high velocities, thus splatting, embedding, diffusing, and interlocking the metallic particles with the metal substrate in a boundary region to form a metallic corrosion-resistant layer within the boundary region of the metal substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an illustration of the method for producing the bipolar plates by the high velocity oxygen fuel.    Bipolar plate (10)    Substrate (12)    Metallic corrosion-resistant layer (14)    Boundary region (15)    Heated plate (36)
NOVELTY - A precursor sol obtained by hydrolyzing metal alkoxide, is applied on a porous support (2), followed by drying. Bake-processing is performed to obtain an oxide film (3) having several pores (4). The obtained oxide film is exposed to water vapor of temperature lower than the calcination temperature of the oxide film, at 500-750 degrees C, to form a filter (1) having a fluid separation membrane on porous support.    USE - For fuel cell, foodstuffs manufacturing apparatus and medical apparatus such as alcohol dehydrator, water treatment plant, desalination plant, waste gas processing plant or power station.    ADVANTAGE - The fluid separation filter has excellent corrosion resistance, water resistance and time-dependent reliability. The diameter of pores in the filter is easily controlled in a preset range. Selectivity of specific gas is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal alkoxide is hydrolyzed to form a precursor sol. The obtained precursor sol is applied on at least one surface of a porous support, followed by drying. Bake-processing is performed to obtain an oxide film having several pores, by coupling of cyclic siloxane and cyclic silanol group. The obtained oxide film is exposed to water vapor of temperature lower than the calcination temperature of the oxide film, at 500-750 degrees C, to form a filter having a fluid separation membrane in at least one portion of the porous support. The metal alkoxide contains silicon, or titanium, zirconium, aluminum and/or phosphorus. Calcination is performed at 500-900 degrees C. The water vapor has a partial pressure of 0.1-100 kPa and contains 5 vol.% or more of oxygen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the expanded sectional view of the fluid separation filter.    filter (1)    porous support (2)    oxide film (3)    pores (4)    intermediate layer (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion alloy has a titanium-vanadium-chromium-molybdenum-type alloy as main component. The component ratio of vanadium and molybdenum in the hydrogen occlusion alloy, are 10-17.5 mol% and 1-5 mol%, respectively.    USE - For hydrogen storage system (claimed) used for motor vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicle and apparatus for transport.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion alloy has excellent hydrogen storage capacity per metal unit weight, and is manufactured economically. The alloy provides lightweight hydrogen storage system. The flight range of the fuel cell electric vehicle is lengthened by using the hydrogen storage system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of hydrogen occlusion alloy, which involves performing rapid solidification of the molten metal alloy at a cooling rate of 1000 degrees Celsius/second or more; and    (2) hydrogen storage system, in which the pressure during hydrogen filling is 3 MPa or more, and uses hydrogen occlusion alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the outline of hydrogen storage system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen cylinder (1)    main tank (2)    heat exchanger for main tank (3)    regulator (4)    pressure indicator (5)
NOVELTY - The buffer layer which consists of III-group nitride-type semiconductor compound, is formed on a sapphire substrate, such that m axis of buffer layer is parallel to m axis of substrate. The sapphire substrate and buffer layer are cleaved.    USE - For manufacturing III-group nitride-type semiconductor element (claimed) such as laser element e.g. fixture waveguide stripe type laser, gain waveguide type stripe type laser, electrode stripe type laser, mesa stripe type laser, hetero isolation type laser, embedding hetero type laser, rib guide type laser and channel substrate planar (CSP) type laser, light-emitting diode (LED), light-reception diode, laser diode, solar cell, thyristor, transistor, field effect transistor (FET) and microwave element.    ADVANTAGE - Enables cleaving sapphire substrate and buffer layer, simply and stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) resonance surface formation method of III-group nitride-type semiconductor element; and    (2) III-group nitride-type semiconductor element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory views of crystal orientation of sapphire substrate and buffer layer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The solar cell has an oxidation treatment layer (4) formed on p-type fine-crystal silicon layer (3). The i-type and n-type fine-crystal silicon layers (5, 6) are formed on the oxidation treatment layer.    USE - For electric power generation using solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses formation of amorphous silicon in the initial stage of formation of i-type fine-crystal silicon layer, effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin-film solar cell manufacturing method    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a thin-film solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Glass substrate (1)    p-type fine-crystal silicon layer (3)    Oxidation treatment layer (4)    i-type fine-crystal silicon layer (5)    n-type fine-crystal silicon layer (6)
NOVELTY - A pretreatment classification unit (4) removes microparticles of size less than or equal to 100mum from silicon grains supplied from a collection receptacle (j). The particles of specific dimension and of specific shape are removed by a classification unit (5) and a shape selection unit (6), respectively.    USE - For manufacturing grain-shaped silicon for use in manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents mixing of microparticles in the classified particles, due to removal of microparticles in the pretreatment classification unit. Enables to produce high quality solar cell without any abnormality in the exterior.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The manufacturing apparatus supplies molten silicon solution through a nozzle hole to form silicon grains. The silicon grains of preset quantity are transferred to the pretreatment classification unit from the collection receptacle. The temperature of silicon grains in the pretreatment classification unit is less than 5degreesC of the outer temperature. The silicon grains are treated in an inert atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the manufacturing apparatus for silicon grains.    pretreatment classification unit (4)    classification unit (5)    shape selection unit (6)    collection receptacle (j)    belt conveyor (k)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occlusion material has magnesium content of 50-80 mass%, and is composite material of magnesium and carbon. The composite material comprises magnesium microparticles of 5 nm-0.5 microns of mean particle diameter, and carbon material of 5 nm-20 microns of mean particle diameter.    USE - For hydrogen storage containers used for fuel cells for electric vehicles and power generating devices (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion material has high hydrogen storage capacity and quick rate of hydrogen absorption. The material has high industrial utility, and economically provides fuel cells having stable performance characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The composite material comprises carbon material, and magnesium-nickel type alloy, and ratio of mass content of magnesium and nickel is 9:1 to 30:1. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (a) manufacture of hydrogen occlusion material;    (b) manufacturing apparatus of hydrogen occlusion material;    (c) hydrogen storage container;    (d) fuel cell electric vehicle; and    (e) fuel cell power generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow sheet of manufacture of composite group hydrogen occlusion material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    inner tube (1)    reaction tube (2)    introductory portion (3)    synthetic region (5)    outlet (6)
NOVELTY - A proton conductive solid electrolyte (11) has primary and secondary electrode pairs provided at its both the surfaces. The primary electrode pair has a detection electrode (12) and counter electrode (14). The secondary electrode pair has a counter electrode (13) and reference electrode (15) covered by porous element (16).    USE - For carbon monoxide gas detector (claimed) for fuel cell such as solid polymer type fuel cell, phosphoric acid type fuel cell, fixed type fuel cell for residence, mobile-type fuel cell for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the reference electrode is covered with porous element, the density of carbon monoxide in heating gas is measured accurately. Since all the electrodes are formed on a single solid electrolyte, reduction of size and weight of sensor element is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon monoxide gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional vies of carbon monoxide gas detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    proton conductive solid electrolyte (11)    detection electrode (12)    counter electrodes (13,14)    reference electrode (15)    porous element (16)
NOVELTY - The inner electrodes (29,30) are arranged along the inner surface of oxygen ion conductive solid electrolyte layer. The outer surface of solid electrolyte layer is covered by a gaseous diffusion layer (33) which diffuses hydrogen gas based on Knudsen diffusion. The inner electrodes are maintained at specific potential intermittently during hydrogen gas detection.    USE - For detecting density of hydrogen gas used in fuel cell system and storage battery of electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures stable detection due to effective diffusion of hydrogen gas into the diffusion layer by Knudsen technique and maintenance of suitable diffusion time lag between hydrogen and carbon dioxide gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of hydrogen sensor.    inner electrodes (29,30)    ground electrodes (31,32)    gaseous diffusion layer (33)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte liquid material comprises an anion (1) containing a cyanide group as essential component.    USE - Used for electrochemical devices, such as lithium secondary batteries, electrolytic capacitors, electrical double layer capacitors (all claimed), solar cells, fuel cells and electrochromic display devices.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte liquid material has improved ionic conductivity, durability, and suppresses corrosion of electrodes and electrolyte salt decomposition in high potential.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte liquid material comprises an anion of formula (1) containing a cyanide group as essential component.    X=boron, nitrogen, oxygen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic and/or selenium;    M 1 and M 2=organic connection group;    a=an integer greater than 0; and    b, c and d=an integer greater than or equal to 0.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a lithium secondary battery, an electrolytic capacitor and an electrical double layer capacitor using the above electrolyte liquid material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram and cross-sectional view of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrically conductive film having a thickness of 100-450 nm and a surface resistance value of 3-10 ohm/square, is formed by activation vapor deposition on a substrate using a pressure-gradient type plasma gun.    USE - Used as a substrate with an indium tin oxide (ITO) transparent electrically conductive film used for a pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A substrate with a high quality ITO transparent electrically conductive film is obtained by a simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    transparent substrate (1)    transparent electrode (3)    porous layer (5)    pigment (6)    sealing agent (8)
NOVELTY - An ionic conductive material contains an alkali metal salt and/or an alkaline earth metal salt (A), and an ionic substance (B) having cyano group. The mass ratio of salt (A) and ionic substance (B) is 0.001/99.999-99.999/0.001.    USE - For ion conductor used for electrochemical device such as battery, electrolytic capacitor, electrical double layer capacitor, solar cell, electrochromic display device, fuel cell and lithium secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - The ionic conductive material is electrochemically stable, and has high potential.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows cyclic-voltammetric measurement of ionic conductive material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A carbon or platinum porous membrane (5) arranged on the surface of a flat substrate (6) contains a catalyst to reduce an oxidant, e.g. I3- to I-.    USE - Used as a counter electrode for a solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The counter electrode has improved energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a solar cell.    porous membrane (5)    substrate (6)    counter electrode (CE)    light receiving surface (F1-F3)    spacer (S)
NOVELTY - The proton conductive material comprises polymer compound which has ion exchange group and sulfuric acid supporting metal oxide.    USE - For film and electrode joint structure used in PEM fuel cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has high proton conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) film and electrode joint structure; and    (2) fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the film and electrode joint structure.    Film and electrode joint structure (1)    Electrolyte film (11)    Anode (12)    Gaseous diffusion layer (12a, 13a)    Catalyst layer (12b, 13b)    Cathode (13)
NOVELTY - Matrix composite film is obtained by adding carbon nanotube into cationic lipid aqueous solution, dispersing carbon nanotube in solution, irradiating with ultrasonic wave, obtaining carbon nanotube lipid dispersion liquid, adding DNA to combine with cationic lipid, obtaining matrix composite containing carbon nanotube/lipid/DNA composite, forming conduction network of carbon nanotube, where DNA structure in the composite film is maintained.    USE - (I) is useful as functional films such as photoelectric conversion film, electroconductive film, liquid crystal film, solar cell and as a polymeric material.    ADVANTAGE - (I) has efficient electroconductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Matrix composite film (I) is obtained by adding carbon nanotube (1) of fixed quantity into the cationic lipid (2) aqueous solution having hydrophobic group and hydrophilic group, irradiating with ultrasonic wave, dispersing carbon nanotube in cationic lipid aqueous solution based on hydrophobic interaction, obtaining carbon nanotube lipid dispersion liquid, adding DNA (3), combining cationic lipid at equivalent ratio of 1:1 with respect to phosphoric acid anion of DNA by electrostatic interaction, obtaining and molding the matrix composite containing carbon nanotube/lipid/DNA composite, forming conduction network of carbon nanotube, where the double-stranded structure of the DNA is maintained in water-insoluble and self-supportive matrix composite film containing carbon nanotube/lipid/DNA composite without being destroyed.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing (M1) water-insoluble and self supportive matrix composite film containing carbon nanotube/lipid/DNA composite without destroying the double-stranded structure of the DNA.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of matrix composite film containing carbon nanotube/lipid/DNA composite.    carbon nanotube (1)    cationic lipid (2)    DNA (3)
NOVELTY - Gas generator produces hydrogen gas based on the reaction of water-reactive substances with seawater. The water-reactive substances form a solid block (7) whose density corresponds to the density of the seawater. The reaction is carried out under atmospheric pressure. The solid block consists of a mixture of a mixture of lithium hydride, calcium hydride and a low melting water-reactive metal.    USE - For supplying fuel to a fuel cell of an underwater vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The generator can be safely operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of a gas generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the gas generator.    Housing (1)    Feed and runoff filter (2)    Gas removal connection (4)    Frame (5)    Block (7)
NOVELTY - The seal structure has a rubber coating layer formed at the peripheral portion of a separator (5), by applying rubber solution, by screen stenciling method. The rubber coating layer is then vulcanized and bonded together to the peripheral portion of the separator.    USE - Seal structure of fuel cell    ADVANTAGE - The need for built-in operation of thin rubber packing between the electrode and separator, is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the seal structure.    separator (5)    masks (11)    permeation holes (12)    rubber coating layer (13)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas is produced by providing an aqueous solution containing 0.26-19 M sodium hydroxide in a reaction vessel (62), introducing aluminum (78) in the solution, reacting aluminum with water at a surface of the solution (66) thus generating a region of effervescence and a precipitate (68) sinking to a bottom region of the vessel, and maintaining the region of effervescence separated from the precipitate at the bottom surface.    USE - The invention is used for the production of hydrogen gas for, e.g. hydrogen fuel cell, vehicles such as hydrogen car, and household power systems.    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces hydrogen gas where consumables are limited to aluminum and water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of hydrogen gas comprises providing an aqueous solution in a vessel, the solution containing 0.26-19 M sodium hydroxide (NaOH); introducing aluminum in the solution; reacting aluminum with water at a surface of the solution thus generating a region of effervescence at the surface of the solution and a precipitate sinking from the region of effervescence to a bottom region of the vessel; and maintaining the region of effervescence separated from the precipitate at the bottom region of the vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a partial cross-section of a hydrogen generator.    Reaction vessel (62)    Surface of the solution (66)    Precipitate (68)    Nozzles (74)    Aluminum (78)
NOVELTY - An apparatus comprises a band (28) encircling a perimeter edge of planar polymer component. The band has an elasticity that minimizes deformation of the component caused by pressurized fluids.    USE - In high-pressure electrochemical cells such as electrolysis cells, fuel cells, oxygen pumps or batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The band can be added to the dimension of the component or stack without significantly increasing the overall size of the device and without interfering with the operation of the component. The cell was designed to be geometrically suitable for the fluid flow rates. The cell is of sufficient strength to resist deformation and loss of containment of the pressurized fluids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electrochemical cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of a polymer frame.    frame (10)    flow field (12)    manifold holes (14, 16, 18, 20)    flow channels (22, 24)    brim (26)    band. (28)
NOVELTY - Brazing sheet product comprises: a core metal sheet; a clad layer of aluminum brazing alloy comprising 4-14 wt.% silicon on at least one side of the core sheet; and a coated layer of iron-X alloy on at least one outer surface of the clad layer. X is zinc, manganese or copper. The clad layer and all exterior layers form a metal filler for a brazing operation. The mole ratio of iron:X is 10:(0.3-6).    USE - For use in an assembly of components, e.g. heat exchanger, fuel cell, or electrochemical fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A plated iron-X alloy layer forms a thin stable surface oxide film in air. The metal X assists in reducing the surface tension of the molten filler metal during a brazing operation. It improves also the post-braze corrosion performance of the brazing product. The brazing sheet product has post-braze SWAAT corrosion lifetimes without perforations according to ASTM G-85 exceeding 21 days.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method of manufacturing a brazing sheet product by providing a brazing sheet product; pre-treating the outer surface of the clad alloy; and coating a metal layer onto the outer surface of the pre-treated outer surface of the clad alloy; and    (2) an assembly of components joined by brazing, in which at least one of the components is a brazing sheet product.
NOVELTY - The preparation of a metal-containing nanostructured film includes electrodepositing a metallic composition within the pores of a mesoporous silica film to form a metal-containing silica nanocomposite, annealing the nanocomposite at a temperature of 25-70% of the melting temperature of the metallic composition (in degrees Celsius), and removing silica from the nanocomposite to provide a self-supporting metal-containing nanostructured film.    USE - Used for preparing a metal-containing nanostructured film, e.g. palladium nanowire or nanomesh film, or cadmium selenide nanomesh or nanowire film (claimed), useful in solar cells, chemical sensors, photovoltaic devices, catalytic membranes, and information storage media.    ADVANTAGE - The resulting nanostructured film has good structural integrity and mechanical strength.
NOVELTY - An energy carrier system comprises a gas generator where aluminum metal is reacted with water in the presence of sodium hydroxide as catalyst to form hydrogen, oxygen and clean aluminum derivative. The hydrogen is converted to useful energy and the aluminum derivative is recycled back into aluminum metal.    USE - For carrying energy from one location to another and for production of hydrogen gas that can be used in a fuel cell or internal combustion engine (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides renewable energy carrier system and transportable source of power. Hydrogen gas is produced easily and economically.
NOVELTY - Improving radiation damage resistance of a solar cell comprises introducing an organosilane, alkoxide (in a ratio of 2 vol. parts organosilane to 1 vol. part alkoxide) and a catalyst into a solvent; processing the mixture to provide an aqueous sol-gel solution; concentrating the solution to form a sol-gel coating (20); depositing the sol-gel coating onto a surface of a solar cell (22); and curing the coating on the solar cell surface.    USE - For providing a solar cell having improved radiation damage resistance (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention reduces manufacturing steps and overall weight of the solar cell array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of a solar cell coated with a sol-gel coating.    Sol-gel coating (20)    Exterior surfaces (21)    Solar cell (22)    Radiator surface (23)    Conductor (28)
NOVELTY - A membrane seal (38) comprises a seal element (40) disposed against an edge portion (12) of a membrane (14) between the membrane and bipolar plate surface (30). The seal element is formed as an elastomeric layer.    USE - For sealing bipolar plate to proton-exchange membrane (PEM) in PEM fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive membrane seal economically and reliably seals a proton-exchange membrane against a bipolar plate surface in a fuel cell stack, both initially and during extended operation of the stack. The resulting fuel cell assembly exhibits superior leak resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a fuel cell module comprising a proton-exchange membrane including seal elements, and first and second bipolar plates; and    (b) a fuel cell assembly comprising fuel cell modules.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an elevational cross-sectional view of a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell.    Edge portion of membrane (12)    Membrane (14)    Cathode side (16)    Bipolar plate surface (30)    Membrane seal (38)    Seal element (40)
NOVELTY - A solar panel unit comprises a cover to receive a solar panel, a housing and a mechanical connector to pivotally connect the cover to the housing. The mechanical connector supports pivotal movement of the cover with reference to the housing for movement between closed and open positions. It permits the cover to engage and disengage the housing when the cover is pivoted at a release angle with reference to the housing.    USE - Communication system having a repeater with circuitry.    ADVANTAGE - The hinged connection permits the cover to engage and disengage the housing when the cover is pivoted at a release position with reference to the housing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a communication system having a repeater with circuitry powered by the inventive solar panel unit; and    (b) a method for housing a solar panel comprising securing a solar panel to a cover having a bar extending from one side of the cover and parallel to the one side of the cover, and pivotally securing the cover to a housing having a C-shaped recess.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the housing.    Connector (35a-305c)    Recess (310a-310c)    Mounting protrusion (320)    Cavity (330)    Locking mechanism (350a-350d)
NOVELTY - A bypass flow path (8) bypasses reformed gas from the upstream side to the downstream side of catalyst supports (3a-3c). Valves (5a-5c) adjust the amount of reformed gas circulated in the catalyst supports and the bypass flow path. A carbon monoxide (CO) removal controller (9) controls the valves and determines the amount of reformed gas flowing into the catalyst supports.    USE - Used for performing catalytic reaction in a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic reaction is preformed efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus of the catalytic-reaction apparatus.    catalyst supports (3a-3c)    valves (5a-5c)    bypass flow path (8)    CO removal controller (9)    CO removal apparatus (103)
NOVELTY - A honeycomb-structured catalyst with a methanol-reforming coating is in a reactor (3) along a reformed gas ejection path and a heating gas inlet. The catalyst comprises a laminate with uniform surface area per unit volume. The value of the penetration hole product (D) is 1 mm, and the through-hole length (L) of the catalyst is set so that the ratio (L/D) for each laminate is 3 or more, and for the whole structure is 20-30 or more.    USE - For reforming hydrogen gas from methanol using water vapor, in vehicle-mounted fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method restrains the generation of carbon monoxide as a byproduct. Hence, the reformation efficiency is raised, even while using a miniaturized system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above water vapor based fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel path (1)    Air path (2)    Reactor (3)
NOVELTY - A carbonaceous material contains a coating of an electrolyte film component on its surface.    USE - For dispersion liquid, used manufacture of electrolyte catalyst layer of fuel cell (both claimed), such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell and direct methanol-reforming type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonaceous material provides fuel cell having improved reaction efficiency and battery capability. The carbonaceous material reduces cost of the fuel cell by preventing wastage of the catalyst component, and increasing the quality of ideal triple layer surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) dispersion liquid containing the carbonaceous material; and    (b) electrolyte catalyst layer of fuel cell formed by mixing a catalyst component supported on the carbonaceous material, with a binder component.
NOVELTY - A water injection tube (7) supplies water into a reaction chamber (3), for chemical reaction of water with a metal (101) such as sodium in a reaction container (2) in the chamber. The hydrogen and oxygen are extracted from the reaction chamber through a hydrogen extraction tube (5) and an oxygen extraction pipe (6), respectively. The reaction container is connected to a heat exchanger tube (8).    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables production of hydrogen by chemical reaction of water with metal, without generation of toxic substances. Enables efficient recovery of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Alternately, the reaction chamber is covered by a cooling gas chamber connected with a cooling gas duct. An injection tube connects an inactive gas holder and the reaction chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic views of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    reaction container (2)    reaction chamber (3)    hydrogen extraction tube (5)    oxygen extraction pipe (6)    water injection tube (7)    heat exchanger tube (8)    metal (101)
NOVELTY - The reformer has burner (18) arranged in concentric with spark plug (25). Air path (I) (39), fuel route (41) and air path (II) (43) are provided at outer side of burner. Path (I), which passes air between partition walls (38), fuel route, which pours fuel between partition walls (40), and path (II), which passes air between partition walls (42), are arranged in concentric with wall (38), wall (40) and wall (42), respectively.    USE - In fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer enables continuous monitoring of combustion gas flame during operation, by providing a flame detector at the burner. Uniform combustion of fuel is performed by providing required amount of fuel and air, and even distribution of temperature. Blow off is prevented reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reformer has a reformation pipe filled with catalyst, and a burner (18), which ignites mixture of air and fuel with a spark plug (25). The burner is arranged in concentric with the spark plug, which is provided at the center of burner. An air path (I) (39), fuel route (41) and air path (II) (43) are provided at the outer side of burner. Path (I), which passes air between partition walls (I) (38), is arranged in concentric with wall (38). The fuel route, which pours fuel between partition walls (II) (40) is arranged in concentric with wall (40). Path (II), which passes air between partition walls (III) (42) is arranged concentric with wall (42).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the burner used in reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    burner (18)    spark plug (25)    partition wall (I) (38)    air path (I) (39)    partition wall (II) (40)    fuel route (41)    partition wall (III) (42)    air path (II) (43)
NOVELTY - A grinder grinds organic refuse generated from residence and office. A conveyor conveys the ground refuse mixed with wastewater excluded from human waste, towards a biological treatment unit which uses anaerobic microbes during processing. A power generator generates electric power using a fuel cell based on the combustible gas obtained from the biological treatment unit.    USE - For processing of organic refuse and wastewater collected from residences such as block of flats and offices.    ADVANTAGE - Stable, efficient operation and size reduced structure of the organic refuse processing system is obtained. The collected organic waste is converted into electricity efficiently. Since aerobic treatment is performed in treatment unit, special microorganism is made unnecessary. The wastewater is converted into wash water for toilet efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compost generator generates compost based on the solid substance obtained from the biological treatment unit. Electricity from the power generator is supplied to residence and office from which organic refuse is collected and/or biological treatment unit. A purification unit purifies the liquid from the biological unit, so as to be used as wash water for residents and offices.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the organic refuse processing system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Kerosene oil is made to contact a desulfurizing agent containing nickel (Ni) accommodated in a container, to desulfurized at a temperature (T) of 100-300degreesC and a pressure (P) greater than 8 x 10 power -9 x T power 4.5 KPa-Gauge.    USE - Used for desulfurizing kerosene oil used in fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process stably and efficiently desulfurizes kerosene oil using a desulfurizing agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) the operation of a fuel cell system;    (2) a kerosene lamp desulfurizing apparatus; and    (3) a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic block diagram of the desulfurization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon type fuel is supplied into the cylindrical component (12) through the supply hole. A dehydrogenation unit performs dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon type fuel by the carbon nanotube catalyst arranged inside the cylindrical component. A separator separates hydrogen produced by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell in electric vehicle, hydrogen fueled engine mounted motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - High purity hydrogen is easily manufactured. The waste heat of the hydrogen use apparatus is effectively utilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon nanotube catalyst contains carbon nanotube with catalyst metal. The dehydrogenation of the fuel is performed at the inner and outer sides of the carbon nanotube. Several dehydrogenation units are arranged in a reaction unit provided with the heating medium to heat the nanotube catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction unit (1)    heating medium (7)    discharge pipe (9)    cylindrical component (12)    pipe (27)
NOVELTY - The volatile liquid fuel like, kerosene and gasoline, and water, are heated by exhaust gas of burner (7) which heats modifier (3), in primary heating process, to produce air-fuel mixture. The mixture is heated to a temperature more than 300degreesC, for preventing condensation of high boiling point component in the mixture, in modifier. Then the mixture is modified by supplying it into catalytic reaction layer (3a).    USE - For modifying liquid fuel like, kerosene and gasoline, and use it in fuel cell power generating apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - Enables production of highly efficient modified fuel, by this method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for liquid fuel modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of fuel cell power generating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    desulfurizer (1)    carburetor (2)    modifier (3)    catalytic reaction layer (3a)    fuel cell (6)    burner (7)
NOVELTY - The air fuel mixture generated from a suction mixer (6) is burnt in combustion chamber (2a) of a water vapor generator (2) to generate water vapor. The source gas mixed with water vapor is supplied from a suction mixer (4) to a reforming unit (1) to produce hydrogen-rich reformed gas by steam reforming of source gas using the heat produced during oxidation. A heater (11a) is provided to heat oxygen containing gas supplied to the reformation unit.    USE - For auto-oxidation and reformation of water vapor to source gas such as natural gas and town gas, and aliphatic alcohols such as methanol, dimethyl ether and ether, and hydrocarbons e.g. methane used in vehicle mounted fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to recycle waste gas of the fuel cell. Improves efficiency of system, ensures easy maintenance and reduces reduction of water vapor reaction rate in reaction chamber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of auto-oxidation heating type steam reforming system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic outline of the auto-oxidation heating type steam reforming system.    reforming unit (1)    water vapor generator (2)    combustion chamber (2a)    suction mixers (4,6)    heater (11a)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte film (10) that permeates sodium ion, is inserted between anode (11) and cathode (12). Aqueous solution of sodium carbonate is supplied to anolyte phase, while water is supplied to catholyte phase. The sodium ion concentration of sodium hydroxide aqueous solution supplied to anode, is adjusted to predetermined concentration by an adjustment tank (4).    USE - For decomposing and recovering carbon dioxide gas from waste gas ejected from diesel engine, sewage gas, bio gas generated from livestock excrements, waste gas ejected from foodstuff factory, sludge digestion gas ejected from fuel cell and gas turbine.    ADVANTAGE - Enables removing carbon dioxide stably and efficiently at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Direct current (DC) voltage is applied to the electrodes, to remove carbon dioxide from gas to be treated. The flow path of sodium carbonate aqueous solution is provided at anode side frame (31), while flow path of gas to be treated is provided at the cathode side frame (32). The gas to be treated, is supplied to the cathode after being treated with droplet of water or sodium hydroxide aqueous solution in a scrubber (15). The aqueous solution of carbonate ejected from cathode side, is used as pH regulator in the nitrification process of water treatment. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas treatment system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the gas treatment system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    regeneration tank (3)    adjustment tank (4)    electrolyte film (10)    anode (11)    cathode (12)    scrubber (15)    anode side frame (31)    cathode side frame (32)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply unit (6) supplies hydrogen gas into a regeneration unit (5). The naphthalene stored in the vehicle, is supplied to the regeneration unit and regenerated into fuel by hydrogenated reaction with the hydrogen gas. The regenerated fuel is supplied to the vehicle.    USE - For regenerating fuel supplied to fuel cell mounted in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The naphthalene stored in the vehicle is easily and reliably regenerated using simple apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen production method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel regeneration apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (2)    regeneration unit (5)    hydrogen gas supply unit (6)    regeneration tank (30)    catalyst (35)
NOVELTY - A metal ion-exchange zeolite is obtained by performing metal ion exchange using a solution containing a metal amine complex ion, and supporting the metal to zeolite.    USE - For adsorption agent used for removing sulfur compound from hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl ether fuel (both claimed), and for removing nitrogen oxide from waste gas, and as catalyst (claimed) for manufacturing ethylene oxide, ethylene and formaldehyde, and for adsorbing sulfur compound and hydrocarbon from automobile exhaust, for selective adsorption of nitrogen from air, and for manufacturing hydrogen used in fuel cell system (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adsorption agent obtained using the metal ion-exchange zeolite efficiently removes sulfur compound from hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl ether fuel even at room temperature. Hydrogen is manufactured effectively using the adsorption agent. Aggregation of metal on zeolite is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of metal ion-exchange zeolite, which uses an alkali metal or aluminum at an atomic ratio of 0.5 or less, during metal ion exchange;    (2) adsorption agent, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (3) catalyst, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (4) adsorption agent for sulfur compound removal, which contains the metal ion-exchange zeolite;    (5) manufacture of hydrogen, which involves desulfurizing sulfur compound obtained from the hydrocarbon fuel or dimethyl-ether fuel, and contacting processed fuel with partial-oxidation modification catalyst, auto thermal modification catalyst or water vapor modification catalyst; and    (6) fuel cell system, which uses hydrogen manufactured by the above method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline flow chart of the fuel cell system.    vaporizer (1)    fuel cell system (2)    hydrogen manufacturing system (20)    fuel tank (21)    modifier (31)
NOVELTY - A modifier (10) generates hydrogen rich heating gas from original fuel containing hydrogen. Pressurized air from an air pump (23) is supplied to several places of the modifier, through several branched pipes (26a-26d). Flow regulating valves and non-return valves (28a-28d) (27a-27d), are provided in each branched pipe respectively, to adjust the air supply rate and to prevent back flow of air.    USE - For modifying original fuel containing hydrogen into hydrogen rich heating gas which is supplied to fuel cell. For electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the valves and the pump, the control precision of the pressurized air is improved. The power consumption of the pump is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A surge tank (24) is provided in the main pipe having the branched pipes. The modifier contains combustion zone, evaporation zone, modification zone, carbon monoxide purification zone. Pressurized air is supplied to the modification zone and the purification zone.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel cell system having the fuel cell into which reformed gas is supplied from fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    modifier (10)    motor (22)    air pump (23)    surge tank (24)    branch pipes (26a-26d)    non-return valves (27a-27d)    flow regulating valves (28a-28d)
NOVELTY - A controller (41) controls electric power generation of fuel cell (3) based on power requirement of vehicle movement controller (37) and fuel cell temperature. When the vehicle is in idle condition, the controller stops power generation in fuel cell. If the fuel cell temperature is below predetermined value in vehicle idle condition, the power generation is continued for heat retention in fuel cell.    USE - For controlling operation of fuel cell incorporated in vehicle like car.    ADVANTAGE - Since specific heat is maintained in fuel cell even in idle condition of vehicle, the condensation of moisture in fuel cell is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell operation control apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vehicle (1)    fuel cell (3)    temperature sensor (33)    vehicle movement controller (37)    controller (41)
NOVELTY - An organic-inorganic hybrid type proton conduction material contains silicon-containing compound (1) as precursor, three-dimensional cross-linked material and proton source obtained by sol-gel reaction of the precursor    USE - For fuel cell (claimed). Also used for electrochemical sensor and display device.    ADVANTAGE - The organic inorganic hybrid type proton conduction material has favorable softness, high ionic conductivity at room temperature and reduced methanol crossover. The material when used for direct methanol fuel cell provides high output than conventional proton conduction film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic-inorganic hybrid type proton conduction material contains silicon-containing compound of general formula (1) as precursor, three-dimensional cross-linked material and proton source obtained by sol-gel reaction of the precursor.    R1 = optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic ring group;    X = halogen or OR2;    R2 = H, alkyl, aryl or silyl;    L = bivalent connection group;    m = 0-2;    n = 2-10; and    A = connection group of formula (2), connection group of formula (3) or connection group formed by combination of groups of formula (2 and 3).    n1,n2 = 1-20;    R3,R4 = H, optionally substituted alkyl, aryl or single bond; and    R5-R8 = optionally substituted alkyl or aryl.    When n1 is 2 or more, R3 and R4 optionally connect mutually to form a ring and when n2 is 2 or more, R5 and R6 optionally connect mutually to form a ring.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell using the organic-inorganic hybrid-type proton conduction material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of catalyst electrode composite film using the organic inorganic hybrid type proton conduction material.    catalyst electrode composite film (10)    proton conduction film (11)    cathode electrode (12)    cathode pole porous electroconductive sheet (12a)    anode electrode (13)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrode (2) is formed on resin substrate (1) surface(s). Transparent electrode surface is treated using ethanol solution of alkali-hydroxide metal. Water-dispersion titanium oxide paste is applied on transparent electrode surface, and heated at low temperature to form titanium oxide porous membrane (3). Pigment (7) is adsorbed into titanium oxide porous membrane, to obtain pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    USE - For manufacture of pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture of pigment sensitizing type solar cell is economical and eco-friendly, and solar cell is manufactured with excellent flexibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent electrode formed by laminating a transparent high refractive index film and a metal film, is formed on a resin substrate surface(s). The surface of transparent electrode is treated using an ethanol solution of alkali-hydroxide metal. A water-dispersion titanium oxide paste is applied on the transparent electrode surface, and heated at low temperature, to form a titanium oxide porous membrane. A pigment is adsorbed into the titanium oxide porous membrane, to obtain a pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline cross-sectional view of pigment sensitizing type solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    resin substrate (1)    transparent electrode (2)    titanium-oxide porous membrane (3)    electrolyte layer (4)    counter electrode (5)    pigment (7)
NOVELTY - The near-infrared-ray absorbing resin composition contains near-infrared-ray absorbing pigment having maximum absorption wavelength in 780-1200 nm, and fluorine group polymer.    USE - For forming near-infrared-ray absorbing layer in plasma display used for large-sized flat TV and thin display, for windows of buildings, electric train, motor vehicle, arcade, greenhouse, solar cell panel, sun glasses, spectacles and goggles.    ADVANTAGE - The near-infrared-ray absorbing resin composition provides near-infrared-ray absorbing film and heat absorbing film, having favorable moisture-proof property and flexibility. The durability of film formed using the resin composition, is improved by suppressing the deterioration of near-infrared-ray absorbing pigment.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a cell arranged in a mixed fuel gas comprising of hydrogen or another fuel gas and oxygen. The cell is a pn junction type semiconductor having electrodes of a p-type semiconductor (14) with carriers of hole and an n-type semiconductor (12) with carriers of electrons connected to ends of electrical takeout wires. The p-type and n-type semiconductor is formed porous to an extent enabling fuel gas to pass.    USE - Used in a vehicle and residence.    ADVANTAGE - The chamber cell is placed in a mixed fuel gas of a fuel gas and oxygen mixed together, even if ionization of oxygen and the reaction between the oxygen ions and fuel gas proceed simultaneously at the same surface of the cell, electricity can be taken out and the loss due to conduction of the oxygen ions produced can be kept minimum. The structure of the fuel cell is simplified since it is a single chamber fuel cell and power can be generated at room temperature or low temperature, thus it can be used for low temperature fuel cell. The single chamber fuel cell has the cell placed in a mixed fuel gas, it is possible to place the entire cell in the same atmosphere, thereby improving the durability of the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a horizontal sectional view of a pn junction type semiconductor used for a fuel cell.    n-type semiconductor (12)    n-type semiconductor particles (12x)    p-type semiconductor (14)    p-type semiconductor particles (14x)    pn mixed layer (16)
NOVELTY - The production of a substrate structure comprises smoothing a metallic carrier material by laser polishing.    USE - Used for thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate structure can be easily produced.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation chamber (02) comprises an aluminum-melting device.    USE - The invention is used for a vehicle, and transport carrier having a detachable battery system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows massive production of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the key features.    Fuel supply tank (01)    Hydrogen generation chamber (02)    Trough (021)    Metal sprinkler (03)    Rotating disc (04)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor light-emitting element has a quantum well structural light-emitting layer (420), provided on group III nitride semiconductor substrate (401). The layer (420) has a well layer and a barrier layer, which are uniformly doped with group 6B element, as an impurity.    USE - As semiconductor light emitting element such as semiconductor laser, light emitting diode, solar cell, photosensor, modulator, for semiconductor optical devices and for electronic devices such as field effect transistor (FET).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor light-emitting element has excellent light emission characteristics, luminous efficiency and crystallinity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of semiconductor light-emitting element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional drawing of III-V group nitride semiconductor light-emitting element.    Substrate (401)    GaN buffer layer (402)    n-type GaN contact layer (403)    n-type GaN light-guide layer (405)    Quantum well structural light-emitting layer (420)
NOVELTY - A tellurium/indium material (3), a tellurium material (4), a cadmium/tellurium material (5) and an indium/tin oxide material (6) are vapor-deposited sequentially on a copper material (2) deposited on the surface of a thin electric insulating substrate (1).    USE - Solar thermoelectric cell is used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electric power generation efficiency, while reducing internal loss.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a solar thermoelectric cell.    Insulating substrate (1)    Copper material (2)    Tellurium/indium material (3)    Tellurium material (4)    Cadmium/tellurium material (5)    Indium/tin oxide material (6)
NOVELTY - The alloy material contains gold as a main component, and 3-40 wt.% of silver.    USE - In manufacture of semiconductor chip (claimed), and for electronic devices, electronic components, electro-optics components, concrete targets, such as wiring and electrode, shading films, metal plates, light-reception units for remote controls, units for PC-GP, dynamic random access memories (DRAMs), flash memories, CPUs, MPUs, large scale integration (LSIs), thin film transistors, semiconductor lasers, solar cells, LCD panels of flat type, reflection type or transmissive type, light emitting elements, charged couple devices, thyristors, photodiodes, photo-transistors, power transistors, sputtering target materials, vapor deposition materials, and wire materials for bonding.    ADVANTAGE - The alloy material has a uniform crystal phase into which gold and silver are uniformly melted. A shift of electrical property and increase of contact resistance are suppressed. The alloy material provides highly reliable semiconductor chips. The diffusion of substrate silicon during formation of film is decreased sharply, and a stable film composition is maintained. The alloy material has improved weather resistance and metal strength. The alloy material can be formed as a metal film by sputtering method, vapor deposition method, plating, or bonding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) semiconductor chip; and    (2) manufacture of semiconductor chip.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of the relationship between sulfided quantity with respect to the composition ratio of silver of gold-silver alloy material, and contact resistance. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An effluent abatement/energy generation system for receiving process effluent gas stream (1) comprising target component selected from hydrogen, ammonia and volatile oxidizable organic compounds includes purification unit for removing component other than the target components, energy generation unit for generating thermal and/or electrical energy from the target components or its derivative, and optionally catalytic dissociator.    USE - For abating a process effluent gas stream and for generating thermal and electrical energy (claimed) from industrial effluent streams e.g. from semiconductor manufacturing facilities.    ADVANTAGE - The system is cost-effective and self-sufficient for simultaneous effluent abatement and energy generation, while a part of the energy generated by such system is used to support the operation of such system, which makes the operation less dependent on fossil fuels, and the excess energy produced can be returned to the manufacturing facility or sold to the grid. The discharge from the system is safe and can be directly discharged without further treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The purification unit comprises filtering device, condensation device, chemical scrubber and desiccating device. The energy generation unit comprises a fuel cell or combustion assembly having microturbine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of an effluent abatement/energy generation system for receiving a process effluent gas stream from an upstream gallium nitride manufacturing facility.    process effluent gas stream (1)    gas streams; (2, 3, 5, 6)    filter (12)    condensation unit (14)    dry chemical scrubber (16)    hydrogen fuel cell assembly. (34)
NOVELTY - A catalyst ink comprises 25-95 wt.% water, 1-50 wt.% solid catalyst(s), 1-50 wt.% polymer electrolyte(s) in acid (H+) form, and 1-50 wt.% polar aprotic organic solvent(s).    USE - For the fabrication of membrane electrode assemblies used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention exhibits favorable rheology during application and does not spontaneously ignite when dried to completion in air at an elevated temperature.
NOVELTY - Chemical reactor comprises a pair of substrates (1-3) joined to each other, a micro flow path provided between the pair of substrates, and an injection section which injects and supplies a material to cause a chemical reaction into the flow path.    USE - The reactor, i.e. micro reactor, is used for carrying out chemical reactions. It is used in a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive chemical reactor is capable of stably providing an oxygen source. The compact injection section is provided between both the substrates in the vicinity of the flow path, so that the material can be efficiently diffused in the flow path by use of this injection section, and thus the chemical reaction can be rapidly and safely promoted, allowing the flow path structure to be small and eliminating a conventionally needed path of air supplied for oxidizing carbon monoxide, and enabling the reactor to be small.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a transmitted plan view of the compact chemical reactor.    Substrates (1-3)    Openings (8, 9)    Groove (11)    Thin film heater (14)
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive spacer (42) for disposition in a fuel cell (10') apparatus between and in electrical contact with an electrode and plate, is formed from a woven metal mesh into a three-dimensional pattern of peaks and valleys for making the electrical contacts.    USE - Used for disposition in a fuel cell apparatus between and in electrical contact with electrode and plate.    ADVANTAGE - Because the metal mesh is both compliant and resilient, the compressed spacer continuously urges itself into mechanical and electrical contact with its electrode and interconnect plate over all temperatures and pressures to which the fuel cell assembly may be subjected during use. The mesh compliance also absorbs variation of gas flow space due to part tolerances.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic elevational cross-sectional view of an improved solid oxide fuel cell assembly of the invention.    Fuel cell (10')    Interconnect assembly (38)    Spacer (42)    Fuel cell module (74)
NOVELTY - A yarn comprises a pitch precursor material, which is stretch broken from a first filament count and drawn to a second filament count, with the second filament count being less than the first filament count.    USE - For manufacture of a graphite fabric useful in composites (claimed) and in fuel cell gas diffusion layer substrates.    ADVANTAGE - The graphite fabric are relatively inexpensive, and has superior thermal and electrical conductivity. The textile products offer electrical and thermal performance approximately six times greater than the standard PAN based fabrics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of making a graphite fabric, comprising providing a pitch precursor yarn of a first filament count; stretch breaking and drawing the yarn into a second filament count; forming the yarn into a fabric or felt; and heat treating the fabric or felt to convert the fibers into graphitic fibers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a representative stretch breaking apparatus.    Rotatable bobbin (12)    Tow (14)    Stretch breaking machine (16)    Integral hot air treater (18)    Windup (20)
NOVELTY - A controller which controls the drive of a main device which is stored in a case (1), is housed inside another case (2). A connecting piping (5) guides a portion of exhaust gas from the device storage case to the controller storage case, under control of a flow control valve (6).    USE - Package type apparatus such as fuel cell power generator, oxygen or hydrogen generation apparatus used in low temperature environment.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controller to be maintained at appropriate temperature, even if it is installed in a low temperature environment, thereby enabling stable drive of apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view of thermal radiation gas recycling system of package type apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    device storage case (1)    controller storage case (2)    ventilating fan (3,4)    connecting piping (5)    flow control valve (6)
NOVELTY - The shut-off valve (6) is provided between original fuel and water vapor supply systems (4,5) and modifier (2b) and the shut-off valve (7) is provided between modifier and fuel cell (3), in order to seal a pipeline connecting modifier and a combustor (11). A pressure regulating unit (14) adjusts the pressure fluctuation of sealing space in pipeline according to atmospheric pressure, when the shut-off valves are closed.    USE - For electric power generation using fuel cell like phosphoric acid fuel cell and polymer electrolyte fuel cell for domestic applications.    ADVANTAGE - Air suction from outside is effectively prevented, hence the negative pressure generation in fuel power generation device is prevented. The fuel cell power generating device can be shut down easily within a short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of fuel cell power generating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of fuel treating equipment of fuel cell power generating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (2b)    fuel cell (3)    original fuel and water vapor supply systems (4,5)    shut-off valves (6,7)    combustor (11)    pressure regulating unit (14)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage container (8) has hydrogen storage material (9) capable of performing hydrogen occlusion irreversibly, at atmospheric pressure and near room temperature. A heat generator which receives waste heat from an adjacent fuel-cell electric-power generation system, supplies heat to the hydrogen storage material, so as to discharge occluded hydrogen.    USE - For portable electric power generation unit used to supply power to portable information terminals and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since the equilibrium hydrogen pressure near room temperature, is below atmospheric pressure, enables storing a large quantity of hydrogen at atmospheric pressure and near room temperature. Eliminates the need for cooling the hydrogen storage container, and making the container pressure-resistant. Eliminates the need to increase the pressure of hydrogen, during filling of hydrogen into the container. Improves the freedom of choice of the material and structure of the container used for storing hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for portable electric power generation unit, which has a fuel cell to receive the hydrogen discharged from the hydrogen storage container. Hydrogen is produced by photosynthetic reaction, or anaerobic fermentation of organic waste liquid, using microorganisms.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of bio-hydrogen generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    photosynthesis reactor (1)    anaerobic reactor (2)    organic waste-liquid feed pipe (3)    hydrogen storage container (8)    hydrogen storage material (9)
NOVELTY - A membrane separator (17) separates water vapor from the reformed gas obtained by water vapor modification reaction of the hydrocarbon and water in a steam reformer (6). The off gas separated from the water vapor, is supplied to the steam reformer for combustion of reformer. The separated water vapor is added to the raw material.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Water vapor in reformed gas is efficiently removed, hence hydrogen manufacturing efficiency is improved. Thermal efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen in the reformed gas is separated by permeating through the hydrogen permeation film. A cooing device is arranged at upstream side of the membrane separator, to remove moisture content in the gas. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst layer (4)    steam reformer (6)    hydrogen separator (16)    membrane separator (17)    boiler (18)
NOVELTY - The high water repellent property exhibiting particles (27) are distributed unevenly on surface of a cathode catalyst layer (22). The catalyst layer also includes oxygen reduction composition comprising catalyst bearing carbon and polyelectrolyte.    USE - Fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents accumulation of water particles on surface of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows top, side and sectional views of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cathode catalyst layer (22)    Metal catalyst (24)    Carbon (25)    Water repellent property exhibiting particle (27)    Electrode process portion (28)
NOVELTY - A reaction tank (10) is equipped with a heating element (58) to heat a dehydrogenation catalyst (56). The supply pipes (14) supply decalin to dehydrogenation catalyst surface of a reactor (12). A separation tank (30) separates hydrogen gas produced by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell in motor vehicle such as electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is generated from hydrocarbon type fuel quickly and efficiently. The energy efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    reactor (12)    supply pipes (14)    fuel tank (20)    separation tank (30)    dehydrogenation catalyst (56)    heating element (58)
NOVELTY - A selective oxidation catalyst (23) selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas (g) obtained by reforming a hydrocarbon fuel (h) with a modification catalyst (22). A combustion catalyst (26) is arranged in the vicinity of the catalyst (23) to burn combustion fuel (n).    USE - For processing hydrocarbon fuel to obtain reformed gas containing hydrogen used in fuel cell electric-power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The transformation catalyst or selective oxidation catalyst is heated with the combustion heat in the combustion catalyst. The starting time of the fuel treating equipment is shortened by being able to rise the temperature of the modification catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel processing method; and    (2) fuel cell electric-power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell electric-power generating system.    modification catalyst (22)    selective oxidation catalyst (23)    burner (25)    combustion catalyst (26)    reformed gas (g)    hydrocarbon fuel (h)    fuel (n)
NOVELTY - An injector (26) is provided to inject hydrocarbon type fuel to each reaction chamber (34a-34k). A dehydrogenation device has a discharge port (38) to eject hydrogen gas generated by dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon type fuel in the reaction chambers provided with the catalyst (36)    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell of motor vehicles such as electric vehicle and hydrogen fueled vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and weight of the hydrogen gas generator and increases dehydrogenation efficiency per unit volume. Improves generation amount of high purity hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the dehydrogenation device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    injector (26)    reaction chambers (34a-34k)    catalyst (36)    discharge port (38)
NOVELTY - A mixing unit (C) mixes the steam of fuel and water containing hydrocarbon and air, where steam and air are heated in the respective heating units (A,B). A modification unit (D) converts the vaporized fuel in the mixed fluid into reformed gas. The heating units heat the steam and air using the reformed gas as the heat source.    USE - Producing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen production efficiency is improved. Ignition of the fuel vapor is suppressed, as air is mixed with steam after heating separately. The modification capability of the fuel reformer is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (1)    heating units (A,B)    mixing unit (C)    modification unit (D)
NOVELTY - The conversion apparatus has multi-stage shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33) for converting water and carbon monoxide into hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The heat exchangers (31a,31b) are arranged at the upstream side of the shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33), respectively.    USE - For converting carbon-monoxide into hydrogen gas used in solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell stack used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Performs temperature control shift-reaction catalyst correctly and hence durability of catalyst is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a carbon monoxide conversion apparatus.    heat exchangers (31a,31b)    shift-reaction catalyst layers (32,33)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic film material comprises inorganic material particles coated with photocatalyst particles.    USE - For photovoltaic film of solar cells (claimed), especially pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel material is inexpensive. An organic substance is not used for the film material, and hence problems, such as lifetime reduction and color change of sensitizing dye, are avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photocatalyst particles comprise titanium dioxide.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A solar cell;    (2) Manufacture of the above photovoltaic film material; and    (3) Manufacture of photovoltaic film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    solar cell (A,B)    electroconductive glass plate (10,20)    photovoltaic film (30,35)    electrolyte liquid layer (40)
NOVELTY - The film surface is dehydrogenated using hydrogen peroxide dissolved in basic aqueous solution and basic organic solvent.    USE - Optoelectric transducer used in solar cell for domestic purposes.    ADVANTAGE - A cheap solar cell having higher photoelectric conversion efficiency is produced in less time using the semiconductor thin film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer; and    (2) solar cell.
NOVELTY - A modification unit (1) performs modification reaction of raw material and water, to generate hydrogen gas. A carbon monoxide removal unit removes carbon monoxide from hydrogen gas and ventilates the hydrogen gas to water in storage container (4). The water in storage container is supplied to modification unit using a water supply port (3).    USE - For fuel cell electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Catalyst powder is collected effectively, thus preventing powder scattering to hydrogen gas supply place. Hence property reduction by contamination and flow-path obstruction are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen gas retention space is provided at the lower portion of the storage container and the hydrogen gas is blown to the container from retention space through a hole comprised from porous sintered compact. A temperature controller (10a) is provided in the container, so that detection temperature of temperature detector (5) in the container serves as predetermined standard value. Water in the storage container is ejected at time before stop of the hydrogen generator.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electric-power generation system which generates electric power using hydrogen gas supplied from hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification unit (1)    raw material supply port (2)    water supply port (3)    water storage container (4)    temperature detector (5)    waste water port (7)    temperature controller (10a)
NOVELTY - An elongate substrate (131) comprising a predetermined solar cell formation region (131a) and a support sheet(132) comprising an adhesive resin material are conveyed to a fixed position, along mutually orthogonal directions. The substrate on which support sheet is stacked, is pressure heated and the predetermined solar cell formation region adhered with the resin sheet is cut out from the substrate.    USE - Thin-film solar cell module used as electric power supply element installed in roof or window of building.    ADVANTAGE - Simplified manufacturing process of solar cell module is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the solar cell module manufacturing apparatus.    elongate substrate (131)    solar cell formation region (131a)    support sheet (132)    thermobonding film (133)    heating flat blade (145)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) layer (3) provided on cell layer (2) and an electrode extraction portion (10). The electrodes (7,8) provided between cell layer and EVA layer extend from the bus bars of cell layer to electrode extraction portion. Another EVA layer (12) arranged between the electrodes and cell layer is provided in the electrode extraction portion.    USE - Thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the waterproof property of the thin film solar cell using simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section and top views of the thin film solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Cell layer (2)    EVA layers (3,12)    Electrodes (7,8)    Insulating film (9)    Electrode extraction portion (10)
NOVELTY - The composition comprises ethylene-alpha-olefin group copolymerized rubber (A) and cross-linked material (B) of functional group content (co)polymer (B-1) and 0.05-5 mass parts of metallic compound (B-2). The amount of (A) and (B-1) is 50-99 mass parts and 1-50 mass parts respectively, with respect to 100 mass parts of (A) and (B-1).    USE - For molded products (claimed) used for components such as seals, hoses (radiator hose, air hose and hose covers), vibration-proof rubber for engine mount, muffler hanger, diaphragm, roll, packing material, weather strip, O-ring, oil seal, belt, lining, dust boot and civil engineering building materials, fuel cell, electronic component, aircraft, motor vehicle and as modifier for various thermoplastic resin or rubber.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides molded products with favorable heat resistance, sufficient durability and vibration-proof property. The composition has excellent damping characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) rubber molded product; and    (2) manufacture of rubber composition.
NOVELTY - An ion-exchanger polymer powder containing a fluoropolymer having a sulfonic acid group, and a dispersion medium, are placed in a container with a rotor or agitator and a bead-shape medium. The polymer is dispersed uniformly in the dispersion medium by performing high-speed stirring using the rotor or agitator, to obtain an ion-exchanger polymer dispersion liquid.    USE - Used for manufacturing an ion-exchanger polymer dispersion liquid.    ADVANTAGE - An homogeneous ion-exchanger polymer dispersion liquid is obtained efficiently and rapidly at low temperature.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises an anode comprising a material having a catalytic activity, which comprises substantially a metal oxide, a proton-conducting electrolyte, and a cathode.    USE - For use in internal reforming of combustible gases, e.g. methanol and higher alcohols such as ethanol, propanol, and/or isopropanol; and as a sensor for fuels (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has long-term stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a reforming process that is carried out in the inventive fuel cell; and    (b) use of an anode material for the manufacture or coating of permeation membranes.
NOVELTY - Production of a fibrous body comprises digesting a natural material such as wood to form fibrous particles, adding 5-50 wt.% purified carbon black or ground graphite and pressing to form a fibrous body.    USE - Used in the production of a ceramic material for use as a photovoltaic element.    ADVANTAGE - A ceramic final product having a required high carbon content is achieved.
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a comb-shaped polysiloxane, the solid polymer electrolyte prepared with the comb-shaped polysiloxane and its preparation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The present invention discloses a comb-shaped polysiloxane, the solid polymer electrolyte prepared with the comb-shaped polysiloxane and its preparation. The comb-shaped polysiloxane has grafted low-molecular weight polyoxyethylene side chain on its main chain and quaternary ammonium salt side chain with iodine ion in the end, with the quaternary ammonium salt side chains accounting for 10-100 mol% of total side chains. The solid polymer electrolyte consists of the comb-shaped polysiloxane 1 weight portion, polar small molecular weight plasticizer 0.5-8 weight portions and supporting polymer carrier 0.075-2.5 weight portions. The solid polymer electrolyte has ionic conductivity up to 0.001 S/cm at room temperature and conductive iodine ion only, and may be used in dye sensitized solar cell.
NOVELTY - Dosing device (1) comprises a heating element (4) made from a wire mesh and/or a tubular hollow body by which heat can be delivered to a fuel.    USE - For dosing liquid fuels into a reformer of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Sputtering and distribution of the fuel and the fuel-gas mixture is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the dosing device.    dosing device (1)    dosing unit (2)    fixing element (3)    adapter (6)    dosing pipe (8)    air feed (9)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion element has a photoelectric conversion layer (3) comprising a polymer in which an organic compound (A) is dispersed. The organic compound (A) has both electron donating molecular structure and electron accepting molecular structure.    USE - Apparatus and system used for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The phase separation of the photoelectric conversion layer is suppressed so the light utilizing efficiency of photoelectric conversion element is improved. The photoelectric conversion element is manufactured easily with reduced environmental pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photoelectric conversion layer optionally contains organic compound (B) having electron donating molecular structure and organic compound (C) having electron accepting molecular structure dispersed in the polymer. The polymer is electroconductive polymer compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of photoelectric conversion element. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Glass substrate (1)    Transparent electroconductive layer (2)    Photoelectric conversion layer (3)    Electroconductive layer (4)
NOVELTY - A spherical evaporator (23) is arranged in inflow portion of reformed gas in selection oxidation catalyst layer (19) of the carbon monoxide removal device (17). The catalyst layer oxidizes carbon monoxide in the reformed gas to which oxygen or oxygen containing gas is added. An opening provided at one end of the evaporator, discharges water vapor in the catalyst layer.    USE - Carbon monoxide removable apparatus for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the arrangement of the evaporator, the temperature of the catalyst layer is adjusted to optimum range. Since water does not adhere to the catalyst, deterioration of the catalyst layer by evaporation of the water is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The other end of the evaporator is connected to a water feed pipe. A controller adjusts water quantity supplied to the evaporator based on the physical quantity correlated with temperature of the catalyst layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus having modifier which generates reformed gas which contains hydrogen from hydrocarbon-type fuel and the carbon removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the carbon monoxide removal device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbon monoxide removal device (17)    selection oxidation catalyst layer (19)    evaporator (23)    air supply unit (21)    water supply unit (25)
NOVELTY - A modifying reactor (2) and a heat exchanger (2), are retained in the same casing (10). The modified gas (34) ejected from the reactor, is made to flow directly into the internal flow path (11) of the heat exchanger.    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich modified gas, in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and weight of the modifier, by virtue of its structure. Enables easy mass production of modifier whose maintenance operation is simplified. Eliminates need for heat insulation layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heat exchanger exchanges heat between oxygen-containing gas (33) and modified gas. The reactor and heat exchanger, are integrated by attaching their blocks together.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of internal heating-type water vapor modifier.    water vapor modifier (1)    modifying reactor (2)    heat exchanger (3)    casing (10)    internal flow path (11)    oxygen-containing gas (33)    modified gas (34)
NOVELTY - The outer and inner reaction chambers separated by a heat conducting partition plate (2), have heat-resistant honey-comb structure (30) or heat-resistant fin or heat-conducting fin, formed with gas passageway (31).    USE - For producing hydrogen-rich modified gas.    ADVANTAGE - Improves heat conduction efficiency between the chambers. Reduces size of the modifier and improves its efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat is transmitted to outer chamber from inner chamber. The gas passageway is inclined towards the partition plate side. The inner heat transfer portion (23) has a hollow portion without gas passageway, at center. The filler is packed at periphery of the fin. Far-infrared radiation coating material layer is formed on both surfaces of the partition plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of water vapor modifier.    outer wall (1a)    partition plate (2)    outer and inner heat transfer portions (10,23)    honey-comb structure (30)    gas passageway (31)
NOVELTY - An evaporator (3) supplies vapor of methanol or ethanol to lower freezing point of water, to a cathode of a fuel cell (1), while starting the fuel cell at 0 degrees C.    USE - For generating power electric power used in fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell start-up time is shortened and freezing of water is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    evaporator (3)    catalyst combustor (4)    air supply flow path (21)    alcohol supply flow path (24)
NOVELTY - A fuel treating equipment reforms the source gas into hydrogen enriched heating gas. The heating gas and the oxygen in the air are made to react electrochemically in a fuel-cell stack, to generate electricity. A pH controller (122) adjusts the pH of the waste water generated during the electrochemical reaction, before releasing the water to outside without recycling.    USE - E.g. domestic small fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The acidic waste water is neutralized before discharging, inexpensively and efficiently. Hence the system is made environment-friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the pH controller.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    pure water tank (42)    pH controllers (122,134)    air releasing unit (126)    exit piping (128,138)    tap water piping (132)
NOVELTY - A total voltmeter (30) measures total voltage of the fuel cell stack (10), while a separate voltmeter (40) measures group voltage of fuel cells that are divided into groups. An arithmetic unit (50) compares total voltage and average voltage of the groups, based on which the voltage drop pattern is determined to relieve carbon monoxide poisoning or fuel flooding in the cells.    USE - Fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Detects voltage drop pattern efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operation method of fuel cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell stack (10)    total voltmeter (30)    separate voltmeter (40)    arithmetic unit (50)    voltage drop pattern determination unit (52)
NOVELTY - The dehydrogenation catalyst (11) contains platinum (11a), alkali metal(s) and rare earth element(s).    USE - For dehydrogenation of hydrocarbon group fuel containing decalin and/or tetralin for vehicles such as electric vehicle, hydrogen fueled engine vehicle, and hydrogen gas generation apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The dehydrogenation catalyst has high activity with respect to hydrocarbon group fuel, and has high hydrogen gas generation rate. The dehydrogenation catalyst is safe and eco-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The alkali metal is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and/or cesium. The rare earth element is cerium, lanthanum, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium and/or gadolinium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the dehydrogenation catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    dehydrogenation catalyst (11)    platinum (11a)    component (11b)    support (11c)
NOVELTY - An active layer (4) between an anode (4) and a cathode (5) contains an electron donating organic compound and indium-phosphorus (InP) particles as an electron acceptor. The ionization potential of the electron donating organic compound is less than the ionization potential of the InP particles by an amount of 0.1-1.0 eV.    USE - Used for an organic solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - An organic solar cell with improved photoelectric transfer characteristic is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the organic solar cell.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (1)    anode (2)    hole carrying layer (3)    active layer (4)    cathode (5)
NOVELTY - The container (1) has hydrogen occlusion alloy (8) which discharges hydrogen, during filling of high-pressure gas into the container, so that temperature of the container is controlled.    USE - Container for storing high-pressure gas such as hydrogen gas, used in fuel cell system (claimed) for producing electric power for use in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Restrains the raise of temperature inside the container, effectively. Shortens the time for filling of high-pressure gas into the container.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical heat-absorption pipe (7) which accommodates hydrogen occlusion alloy is arranged at the center of the container, and is integrated with a cap (5) provided at one end of the container. A valve is arranged at the center of the container, and is integrated with the cap. Opening and closing of the valve, enables discharging high-pressure gas from the container, and filling high-pressure gas into the container, respectively. A sub tank is arranged for storing hydrogen released from cylindrical pipe, during filling of high-pressure gas, and is connected to the cylindrical pipe through a flow path in which a solenoid valve is arranged. The hydrogen from the sub tank is returned to the cylindrical pipe through a flow path in which a pump for controlling gas flow rate is arranged, during discharge of high-pressure gas from the container.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the high-pressure gas storage container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (1)    Cap (5)    Heat absorption unit (6)    Cylindrical pipe (7)    Hydrogen occlusion alloy (8)
NOVELTY - The temperature of the substrate (11) is controlled uniformly when the substrate is immersed in the silicon containing melt solution (64) stored in the melting pot (63) having heater (65) arranged at its periphery, for the formation of thin plate on the substrate.    USE - For manufacturing thin plate used for manufacture of solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A high quality thin plate is obtained efficiently, by controlling the temperature of the substrate uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the thin plate manufacturing apparatus.    substrate (11)    support shaft (61)    thin plate (62)    melting pot (63)    melt solution (64)    heater (65)
NOVELTY - A grain-shaped silicon (106) is subjected to heat annealing for 10-180 minutes at 950-1300 degrees C. A silicon compound film is formed by heating the annealed silicon in a controlled atmosphere comprising a reactive gas of oxygen and nitrogen. The silicon inside the film is melted, coagulated, crystallized and cooled, to obtain a grain-shaped silicon crystal. The silicon compound film contains the reactive gases in the surface.    USE - For manufacturing grain-shaped silicon crystal for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method manufactures a high quality grain-shaped silicon crystal having excellent crystallinity, release voltage characteristics, efficiency and reliability. The manufactured silicon crystal is free from crystal defects and inexpensive. The method stably manufactures the silicon crystal with sufficient mass production property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar cell produced using the grain-shaped silicon crystal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    grain-shaped silicon (106)    metal substrate (107)    joining layer (108)    insulating layer (109)    silicon film (110)
NOVELTY - The polycrystalline silicon thin film comprises a polycrystal having mean particle diameter of 100 Angstrom or more on a sedimented surface of 1000 Angstrom thickness.    USE - As semiconductor layer, e.g. for thin film transistor, solar cell and liquid crystal display element.    ADVANTAGE - The novel polycrystalline silicon thin film has high moldability, excellent electrical property and liquid crystal orientation property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Manufacture of the above polysilicon thin film;    (2) A method of growing the above polysilicon thin film; and    (3) A polysilicon thin film formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above polysilicon thin film.
NOVELTY - Multiple auxiliary electrodes (7) of electrical resistance lower than the anode (2) are arranged at predetermined intervals in the anode. The anode is made of electroconductive material mixed with conductive polymer.    USE - Organic solar cell for organic electroluminescent (EL) display.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids reduction of power generation efficiency while enabling efficient supply of generated power to external circuit. Achieves cost reduction by using anode made of inexpensive material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the organic solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Anode (2)    Photoelectric conversion area (3)    Electron donating organic material (4)    Electron accepting material (5)    Cathode (6)    Auxiliary electrode (7)
NOVELTY - A mask material (2) containing diethylene glycol or 40-70 vol.% of ethylene glycol as a solvent with respect to the entire solvent of the mask material, is applied on one surface of a semiconductor substrate (1) by inkjet application method. A dopant liquid (3) is then applied on the surface opposing one surface of the substrate, to obtain a solar cell.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell used for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method provides solar cells having high photoelectric conversion efficiency and reduced reverse-direction electric current amount, with favorable yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of a coating device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Semiconductor substrate (1)    Mask material (2)    Dopant liquid (3)    Coating device (10)    Substrate chuck (11)
NOVELTY - The substrate comprises a pair of insulating layers (12a,12b) formed by sol gel process and sputtering/liquid phase deposition process, respectively. The porosity of insulating layer (12a) is larger than the porosity of insulating layer (12b).    USE - Solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The flexibility of the substrate is improved providing light weight solar cell with improved reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) substrate manufacturing method; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the electroconductive substrate.    Electroconductive substrate (10)    Substrate (11)    Multilayer film (12)    Insulating layers (12a,12b)
NOVELTY - The package has a semiconductor-type gas sensor with individually selective sensitivity for detection of methane gas and hydrogen gas. Based on the electrical output of the sensor, the leakage of the gases is detected.    USE - In fuel cell of motor vehicle, for supplying power.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage of gases in the fuel cell power generating package can be detected easily by a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor-type gas sensor, driven by pulse supplied from a pulse electric system, is equipped with tin oxide sintered compact containing lanthanum and zirconium with tin oxide sintered compact containing alkaline earth element. The sensor performs detection of gas during the pulse electrical charging time. The sensor detects hydrogen gas in the thermal initial stage transient response region, and detects methane gas in the regular output area after the thermal initial stage transient response.
NOVELTY - A n-type nitride semiconductor layer (3) and a p-type nitride semiconductor layer (4) are arranged in an order above a substrate (2). The lower most layers (5c,6c) of positive and negative electrodes (5,6) contact the p-type nitride layer respectively. The upper layers (5a,6a) of the positive and negative electrodes contact the metal bumps (8,9) respectively formed on the positive and negative electrodes.    USE - Light receiving element, light emitting diode, laser diode, optical sensor and solar cell used in signaling lamp and display.    ADVANTAGE - The optical element is excellent in productivity with high light emission property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of nitride optical element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of nitride semiconductor optical element.    Optical element (1)    Substrate (2)    n-type Nitride semiconductor layer (3)    p-type Nitride semiconductor layer (4)    Positive electrode (5)    Upper layers (5a,6a)    Lower layers (5c,6c)    Negative electrode (6)    Metal bumps (8,9)
NOVELTY - An intermediate contact layer (90) comprising gas layer (92) for heat insulation and transparent resin layer (92) is sandwiched between a pair of optoelectric transducers (20, 70). The transducers respectively contain first conductivity silicon layer (21, 71), crystalline silicon layer (22, 72) and reverse conductivity silicon layer (23, 73).    USE - Thin-film photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents efficiency reduction by heat insulation between the transducers. Prevents photodegradation, by preventing use of amorphous silicon. Eases manufacture, by avoiding high degree manufacture technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of a thin-film photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Optoelectric transducers (20, 70)    First conductivity silicon layer (21, 71)    Crystalline silicon layer (22, 72)    Reverse conductivity silicon layer (23, 73)    Intermediate contact layer (90)    Gas layer (91)    Transparent resin layer (92)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor comprises nitrogen-containing compound of preset formula.    USE - For optoelectric transducer of solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell comprising the semiconductor has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor comprises nitrogen-containing compound of formula: Q=N-A, where A is 5- or 6-membered aromatic carbocyclic ring or heterocyclic ring, Q is atom which provides absorbing power in visible region or near infrared region to nitrogen-containing compound, and has carboxyl group(s).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) optoelectric transducer which has a semiconductor provided on an electroconductive support (1); and    (2) solar cell which has optoelectric transducer, charge transfer layer (3) and counter electrode (4).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fragmentary sectional view of optoelectric transducer.    Electroconductive support (1)    Photosensitive layer (2)    Charge transfer layer (3)    Counter electrode (4)
NOVELTY - The thermoelectric conversion material consists of a layered cobalt multiple oxide, and fluoride. The multiple oxide contains cobalt oxide layer of pseudo cadmium indium structure as a sub-lattice. The amount of fluorine with respect to number of moles of oxygen ion of the stoichiometry of the layered cobalt multiple oxide, is 0.1-10 mol%.    USE - Used as positive type thermoelectric conversion material for thermoelectric material used for accurate temperature controls, such as electric device from thermoelectricity, solar power generating device, electric device from sea-water temperature difference thermoelectricity, electric device from fossil fuel thermoelectricity, regeneration electric-power-generating device of factory exhaust heat and motor vehicle exhaust heat.    ADVANTAGE - The thermoelectric conversion material has excellent thermoelectric property, storage property and high sintered compact density. The manufacturing method of thermoelectric conversion material has excellent productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of thermoelectric conversion material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a relationship between sodium fluoride (NaF) additional amount and relative density of sintered compact. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A current collection layer (5) comprising magnesium oxide, aluminum and glass, is formed on the reverse surface of a substrate (1). A reverse side electrode, comprising output extraction portions (6) with metal of good solder wettability is formed on the reverse surface of the substrate.    USE - As solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The novel element facilitates prevention reduction in the yield of the solar battery element, by decreasing the formation of micro corrugations in the surface of the electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery element manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above solar battery element.    substrate (1)    diffused layer (2)    anti-reflective coating (3)    electrode (4)    current collection unit (5)
NOVELTY - The carbon electrode (8) contains a preset amount of carbon black-like particles, particles of columnar electroconductive carbon material and/or anatase-type titanium oxide particles, satisfying preset relations. Height and diameter at the bottom of the particles of columnar electroconductive carbon material is 1-20 micron, and 50-500 nm, respectively.    USE - For pigment sensitizing-type solar cell (claimed), used for portable apparatus and hybrid vehicle-mounted auxiliary power unit, air battery, and manganese dry battery.    ADVANTAGE - The novel carbon electrode has excellent durability and high conductivity and provides a pigment sensitizing-type solar cell with improved durability and energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon electrode contains carbon black-like particles, particles of columnar electroconductive carbon material and/or anatase-type titanium oxide particles. Height and diameter at the bottom of the particles of columnar electroconductive carbon material is 1-20 micron, and 50-500 nm, respectively. The carbon electrode is a porous electrode. Amount (W1) of carbon black-like particles, amount (W2) of particles of columnar electroconductive carbon material and amount (W3) of titanium oxide particles satisfies the relations:    W1/W2 is 0.05-0.4, and    W3/(W1+W2) is 0.05-0.4.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) An electrode; and    (2) A pigment sensitizing-type solar cell (40).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    transparent electrode (1)    semiconductor electrode (2)    transparent electrically conductive film (3)    carbon electrode (8)    pigment sensitizing-type solar cell (40)
NOVELTY - The pigment sensitization solar cell has electrolyte (E) containing zinc iodide in between the semiconductor electrode (2) and counter electrode (CE).    USE - Pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has high photoelectric conversion efficiency over long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    Transparent electrode (1)    Semiconductor electrode (2)    Photoelectrode (10)    Solar cell (20)    Counter electrode (CE)    Electrolyte (E)
NOVELTY - A detachable reaction container (20) accommodated in a housing, stores a metal which generates hydrogen according to chemical reaction with water and is connected to a water storage tank (10) through water inlet pipe (12) and hydrogen and unreacted water return pipe (14). Heaters (30,32) are provided to heat the reaction container. A discharge pipe (16) discharges hydrogen and water from the tank.    USE - For generation and supply of hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is generated without byproducing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide. The fuel cell is supplied with water and hydrogen of required amount simultaneously.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    Water storage tank (10)    Inlet pipe (12)    Return pipe (14)    Discharge pipe (16)    Heaters (30,32)    Reaction container (20)
NOVELTY - A solution contains a water soluble polymer, and titanium hydroxide dissolved in an aqueous solution of an organic strong base. Titanium hydroxide is obtained by hydrolyzing halide of titanium.    USE - For manufacturing titanium oxide film (claimed) on substrates such as glass and ceramic, and used for manufacturing photocatalyst and pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of titanium oxide film having desired thickness and stability, is easily enabled without using organic solvent. The manufacture of homogenous titanium oxide film is inexpensive. The generation of crack and void in the surface of titanium oxide film, are suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of titanium oxide film, which involves applying solution on processing material and forming coating film, and bake-processing film at 400-800degreesC.
NOVELTY - The etching chamber is covered by a plate at which openings are formed, and the vacuum suction of the surface of a silicon substrate in the chamber is performed by introducing an etching gas. The plate is cleaned before performing vacuum suction in the dry etching method. The substrate image is analyzed to locate defects.    USE - For etching silicon substrate used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids non-uniform etching of the substrate, thereby improving stability and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for etching apparatus.
NOVELTY - The transducer includes a pigment layer (D) formed on substrate (2), on which electron and hole carrying layers (4, 5) are formed. The electron carrying layer comprises substance such as metal oxide which suppresses the reverse electronic transition of the electron excited from the pigment layer.    USE - Optoelectric transducer is used for single crystal silicon type solar cell used for satellite, industrial and domestic applications.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of optoelectric transducer of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (2)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    External circuit (100)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - A pigment layer (D) contacts the porous electron carrying layer (4) that is arranged between the electrodes (3, 6). The nanotube-like crystal titania is mixed in the electron carrying layer, for suppressing the reverse electronic transition of the electrons excited by the pigment.    USE - Optoelectric transducer such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the optoelectric transducer is improved. The optoelectric transducer is manufactured easily and simply at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of optoelectric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of an optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (2)    Electrodes (3, 6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - The non-aqueous electrolyte comprises electrolyte liquid having diphenyl. The electrolyte is used in electrical double layer capacitor or electrochemical capacitor, which comprises a metal oxide and a conductive polymer as an electrode material. The electrical double layer capacitor comprises electrical double layer formed on surface of polarizing electrode material.    USE - For electrical double layer capacitor and electrochemical capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - Even when the capacitor is charged and discharged repeatedly, decomposition gassing of the electrolyte liquid containing diphenyl is suppressed. The charging and discharging characteristics of the electrical double layer capacitor and the electrochemical capacitor comprising the electrolyte liquid are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing variation of discharge capacity of the capacitor with respect to time period. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Solar cell has electrodes (5,6) coated with lead-free soldering (7) which contains phosphorus.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Wettability of lead-free soldering is improved. Peeling of interconnector is suppressed and a module of high reliability, is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lead-free soldering is tin-bismuth-silver group solder. The electrode is silver electrode formed by bake-processing silver paste containing glass powder having mean particle diameter of 11 microns or less. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) manufacture of solar cell;    (b) interconnector for solar cell;    (c) string; and    (d) module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of solar cell.    P-type silicon substrate (1)    N-type diffused layer (2)    anti-reflective coating (3)    reverse side aluminum electrode (4)    silver electrodes (5,6)    lead free soldering layer (7)
NOVELTY - The module has the insulating layer (12) provided between each cover of photovoltaic cell (9), and the sealing agent (13) applied between the front cover (10) of the photovoltaic cell, and the substrate (1) made of stainless steel or aluminum alloy, and between the substrate and back cover (11).    USE - For use in electric-power generation field.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents entry of water into peripheral edge of the solar cell module, at low cost, without the need for special water-proofing for the end face of photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell module.    substrate (1)    photovoltaic cell (9)    front cover (10)    back cover (11)    insulating layer (12)    sealing agent (13)
NOVELTY - Silver electrode paste consists of silver powder, resin, organic solvent, and glass frit of residue classified by a sieve with an aperture diameter of 24-100 microns.    USE - For silver electrode of photovoltaic cell (claimed), and for electrode of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The silver electrode paste has excellent solder wettability and bonding strength. The silver electrode paste provides photovoltaic cell with high reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows relationship of mean particle diameter of glass frit with solder wettability and bonding strength of silver electrode paste. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The coolant consists of polyglycerol and/or polyvinyl alcohol as a rustproof additive and a base which contains water.    USE - Fuel cells mounted in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The coolant has low electroconductivity, rustproof, high heat transferability and non-freezing property. The coolant has excellent aluminum corrosion resistance, low foamability and excellent freeze thaw stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method of sealing using coolant;    (2) cooling system of fuel cell; and    (3) manufacture of coolant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing process of the coolant. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)
NOVELTY - A battery layer (2) with transparent electrode, light transducer and reverse-side electrode, is formed as a film on the surface of transparent substrate (1). Multiple insulation grooves (S1-S4) are formed in battery layer, by removing battery layer selectively along thickness direction.    USE - Thin film solar cell used in solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Satisfies the insulation performance along the peripheral portion of battery layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the thin film solar cell edge. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    transparent substrate (1)    battery layer (2)    insulation grooves (S1-S4)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has an anode (11) for oxidizing fuel, cathode (12) for reducing oxygen and an electrolyte layer (13) interposed between anode and cathode. A water repellent layer (14) is provided between anode and cathode.    USE - For electronic devices such as mobile telephone and notebook personal computer.    ADVANTAGE - Crossover of methanol is effectively suppressed by providing the water repellent layer between anode and cathode. Potential reduction of cathode is suppressed and the output of fuel is improved. The amount of volatilization of methanol is decreased and discharge capacitance of the fuel cell is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell main portion (10)    anode (11)    cathode (12)    electrolyte layer (13)    water repellent layer (14)
NOVELTY - A muffler shell (120) covers an exhaust tube (110) which is arranged for passing exhaust gas from a fuel cell (10). A sound absorbing material (121) is made of non-metallic material and is arranged between the muffler shells.    USE - Fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement of non-metallic sound absorbing material suppresses condensation of water vapor so loss of silencing effect by condensed water is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method for muffler for fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the muffler for fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Heater control unit (20)    Exhaust tube (110)    Muffler shell (120)    Sound absorbing material (121)
NOVELTY - The opening (14) of a spatula portion (12) which is moved at predetermined velocity along the coated surface, is controlled by a needle (15) when the temperature and discharge flow amount of fused resin stored in a cylinder (1), are controlled.    USE - For coating of fused resin such as ultraviolet curing resins, heat curing resins e.g. polyimide, epoxy, thermoplastic resin of polyamidoimide solvent dissolution. Common thermoplastic resin of high viscosities e.g. polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), cycloolefin polymer (COP) resin for optical waveguide manufacture for optical communications. Also for manufacturing a prism sheet, an organic electroluminescent display substrate, a flexible monolithic substrate and substrate for lightweight solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Avoids wasteful consumption and tanning of the fused resin, and eliminates optical distortion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fused resin coating device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fused resin coating device.    cylinder (1)    piston (2)    heater (6)    spatula portion (12)    opening (14)
NOVELTY - The transducer consists of a pair of main and sub-chambers (9,11) and an electrolyte is filled in the chambers through a hole (17). A pair of sealing portions (13b,15b) seal the hole which has a cavity (17a).    USE - For use in gratzel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage resistance of the transducer is reduced. The electrolyte and the sealing portion are prevented from contacting each other.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the optoelectric transducer.    main chamber (9)    sub chamber (11)    sealing portions (13b,15b)    hole (17)    cavity (17a)
NOVELTY - Device for recovering oxygen from water comprises a proton exchange membrane (4) and flat electrodes (2, 6) formed on both sides of the membrane to form an anode on one side and a cathode on the other side. A water chamber (24) for water is provided on the anode side, has an outlet for the oxygen obtained and is sealed on its sides not covered by the membrane up to pipe connections (10, 27). The membrane is arranged as a cylinder shape around the water chamber.    USE - Used as a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The device has a simple structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the device.    tubular body (1)    flat electrodes (2, 6)    proton exchange membrane (4)    pipe connections (10, 27)    water chamber (24)    central region (25)    end regions (26)
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a heat exchanger on or in a housing element (5) holding a burner (2). The heat exchanger is connected to a hollow cylindrical reformer (1).    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Cooling of the housing in the region of the burner is optimized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above device.    Reformer (1)    Burner (2)    Housing element (5)    Housing (6)    Pipeline (7)
NOVELTY - A mixed oxide catalyst especially for selective oxidation of carbon monoxide in hydrogen-rich or oxygen-containing gas mixtures in the presence of water and carbon dioxide contains copper (ca. 15-30 atom %), manganese (ca. 55-77 atom %) and cerium (ca. 7.5-10 atom %).    USE - The catalyst is used in (a) oxidation of carbon monoxide in a hydrogen-rich gas mixture, especially for fuel cells, oxygen being added in a stoichiometric amount with respect to the carbon monoxide (CO) and reaction being in a hydrogen-enriched gas containing by volume CO (0.2-1%), carbon dioxide (CO2) (10-20%), water (15-30%), hydrogen or hydrogen + nitrogen (balance) diluted with oxygen or air at O2/CO ratio 1.0-1.5 at 100-200 (especially 155-190)degreesC and at space velocity 1000-15000 (especially 5000-7500) hour-1; or (b) CO oxidation in an oxygen-containing mixture in presence of water and CO2, especially in treatment of automobile exhausts (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalysts show good removal of carbon monoxide over a wide temperature range (140-200)degreesC, achieving levels below 50 (especially below 10) ppm CO in hydrogen-rich gas mixtures and being resistant to side reactions in oxygen-containing gases.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparation of the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph compares carbon monoxide removal activities for Cu/Ce-, Cu/Mn- and Cu/Ce/Mn catalysts.
NOVELTY - Based on traditional technique, aqueous solution containing rare earth ion and precipitant aqueous solution are added. Then, heat treatment is carried out. Platinum and rare earth in electrocatalyst made from the invention plays concerted catalysis effect in electrocatalysis oxidizing reaction of methanol, improving dynamics of electrocatalysis and oxidizing reaction.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Comparing with traditional Pt/C catalyzer, exchange current density of anode reaction of methanol fuel cell is increased 48-70. The method possesses advantages of easy implementation, without need of special equipment, good stability and repeatability.
NOVELTY - Production (M1) of hydrogen from a carbon source involves producing hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide from the carbon source; combusting the hydrocarbons and carbon monoxide in a reaction chamber with steam and oxygen to form an effluent containing hydrogen; and separating the hydrogen from the effluent.    USE - For the production of hydrogen from a carbon source e.g. oil shale (claimed), useful in fuel cells such as electrochemical cells.    ADVANTAGE - The process is simple and inexpensive; employs a recurring combustion/reaction cycle for a longer period of time by minimizing the presence of nonessential gases; recovers unused heat instead of permitting the heat to escape into atmospheres; and reuses and regenerates the reactants such as carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for regenerating (M2) carbon monoxide involving: combusting oxygen and a first source of carbon monoxide to form a hot carbon dioxide by-product; contacting the hot carbon dioxide by-product with a carbon source within a combustion chamber to regenerate a carbon monoxide by-product; and combusting the carbon monoxide by-product with hydrocarbons, oxygen and steam to produce hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A mobile power supply system comprises hydrogen storage module, fuel cell power module coupled to the hydrogen storage module, electrolyzer module coupled to hydrogen the storage module, and control module coupled to the hydrogen storage, fuel cell power, and electrolyzer modules. The fuel cell power module includes fuel cell(s) having anode and cathode. The electrolyzer module has electrolyzer cell having anode and cathode.    USE - For use in vehicles (claimed), e.g. car, bus, truck, boat, or recreational vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The invention controls the current draw of the electrolyzer cell(s), maintains the constant differential pressure between the anode and cathode of electrolyzer cell(s), and isolates the pressure fluctuations of the drying unit from the cathode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mobile power supply system comprises hydrogen storage module, fuel cell power module coupled to the hydrogen storage module, electrolyzer module coupled to hydrogen the storage module, and control module coupled to the hydrogen storage, fuel cell power, and electrolyzer modules. The fuel cell power module includes fuel cell(s) having anode and cathode. The electrolyzer module has electrolyzer cell having anode and cathode. The system is operable in hydrogen generation mode where hydrogen gas is generated using electrolyzer cell(s) for storage in the hydrogen storage module, and electricity generation mode where hydrogen gas is retrieved from the hydrogen storage module and used by fuel cell unit(s) to produce electric energy.
NOVELTY - A photoelectrochemical (PEC) cell, comprises photovoltaic electrode(s) that generates voltage under radiation, at least one solid membrane electrode assembly (MEA) that includes solid polymer electrolyte(s) (11) and first and second electrodes (10, 12), mechanism(s) that collect gases from oxidation and reduction reactions, and electrical connection(s) between the photovoltaic electrode and the solid MEA.    USE - The PEC cell is used for PEC system, light illuminating device, particle or radiation detector device, and device for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The PEC cell produces hydrogen from water under radiation, does not require external bias due to sufficient voltage, and can be made at low cost. It has high conversion efficiency, efficient electrolysis, and high durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a PEC system comprising PEC cell and collecting mechanism(s) to collect gases generated by the PEC cell;    (b) a method of making a PEC cell, comprising forming a photovoltaic (PV) structure, placing a reflective metal layer adjacent the PV structure, forming a membrane electrode assembly, forming electrically conducting end plates (8, 14) on each side of the membrane electrode assembly, and forming electrical connection(s) between a radiation side of the PV structure and the membrane electrode assembly; and    (c) light illuminating device, particle or radiation detector device, and device for generating hydrogen and oxygen gases, all comprising the PEC cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective schematic view of a portion of the PEC cell.    Semiconductor junctions (5)    End plates (8, 14)    Electrodes (10, 12)    Electrolytes (11)
NOVELTY - A composition comprises a pillared carbon material doped with a metal.    USE - In a hydrogen storage system (claimed) for reversible hydrogen storage application in e.g. automobile, train, boat, or in fuel cell used in e.g. laptop or other computer, cell phone or hair dryers.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has a molecular hydrogen storage capacity of at least 3 (preferably 6.5) wt.% at 25degreesC and a pressure of 10 bar. The composition provides higher reversible storage and better control over loading and extraction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a making of a carbon-based hydrogen storage composition involving:    (a) providing a solvated alkali metal containing organic ligands;    (b) combining a carbon material with the solvated alkali metal containing organic ligands to form a carbon material co-intercalated with alkali metal cations containing organic ligands;    (c) carrying out a reaction between the organic ligands and the carbon material to form a pillared carbon material; and    (d) doping the pillared carbon material with a metal.
NOVELTY - A catalyst (C1) comprises precious metal particles (P1) dispersed on a support material (S1). (P1) Comprises rhodium or ruthenium. (S1) Comprises ceria and zirconia (10 -60 wt.%) dispersed on the surface of a silica-alumina material (M1).    USE - For reforming fuel using steam and optionally air (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides a reforming catalyst with improved sulfur tolerance; a high performance and durability; and carbon deposition is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a catalyzed component (C2) comprising (C1) deposited on a substrate (S2).
NOVELTY - A fuel cell cassette comprises composite membrane electrode assembly (MEA) with molded peripheral gasket having groove(s) or channel(s) to distribute sealant. The MEA, oxidant flow field, fuel flow field and separator plate are assembled and encapsulated about periphery by sealant. Sealed channels selectively block reactant manifold openings not intended to deliver material to particular flow field.    USE - In a fuel cell stack useful in electrochemical applications.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack prepared from the fuel cell cassette is less complex, more reliable and less costly to manufacture. The fuel cell cassette readily achieves standardized specification. The sealing channels formed in gasket of composite MEA allows simplification of non-porous separator plate. The manifold openings within each layer selectively remain closed or open, thus reducing or eliminating undesired flow. The fuel cell stacks is fabricated with minimum labor thus reducing the cost and allowing process automation. The manifold openings are sealed by adhesion of the sealant to the fuel cell components thus reducing the compression on the final stack and improving the reliability of the seals and electrical contact. The end plates can be molded into the fuel cell cassette thus producing an entire stack in one step. The fuel directly uses a roll-to-roll MEA and maximizes working area of the MEA incorporated into the stack. The peripheral gasket prevents interaction of the MEA with reactant present in the manifold of the cassette thus preventing or reducing cross-cell potential. The fuel cell cassette does not require compression between end plates thus improving reliability of the fuel cell stack and decreasing the weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell stack comprising at least one fuel cell cassette and at least one end plate.
NOVELTY - An alcohol-air fuel cell comprises anode chamber with liquid catalytically active anode, air chamber with catalytically active gas-diffusion cathode (preferably non-platinum catalyst, tolerant in respect to alcohol), and electrolyte chamber with liquid electrolyte (preferably aqueous alkaline solution) and membrane electrolyte, which is positioned between the cathode and the anode.    USE - For the production of generators on the base of the alcohol-air fuel cells (AAFCs).    ADVANTAGE - The AAFCs has high efficacy and is inexpensive. The use of alkaline electrolyte makes it possible to use a more concentrated alcohol-water mixture which enhances the electrical characteristics of the AAFC, makes the selection of structural materials easier and makes it possible to use catalysts of base metals, which reduces the cost of the AAFC. The use of non-platinum catalyst, tolerant in respect to alcohol, makes it possible to prevent contamination of the cathode catalyst with diffusing alcohol and associated with reduction of the electrical characteristics of AAFC. The use membrane electrolyte limits the diffusion of the alcohol from the anode to the cathode and prevents a reduction of the characteristics of the AAFC because it self-discharge.
NOVELTY - A solar cell structure (100) includes a silicon substrate (102), buffer layer (104) formed on the substrate, a template (114) formed on buffer layer, monocrystalline p-type semiconductor layer (106) formed overlying the template and monocrystalline n-type semiconductor layer (108) adjacent the p-type layer. The structure further includes an amorphous silicon oxide layer (112) between first semiconductor layer and buffer layer.    USE - Solar cell formation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The amorphous interface layer dissipates strain and permits the growth of high quality monocrystalline oxide accommodating buffer layer. It is simpler to integrate devices including monocrystalline layers with other components that work better or easily and/or inexpensively formed. This allows the device to be shrunk, the manufacturing costs to decrease, and yield and reliability to increase. The lattice structure of crystalline oxide exhibits a 45degrees rotation with respect to the silicon substrate lattice structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the device structure.    Solar cell structure (100)    Monocrystalline substrate (102)    Buffer layer (104)    Monocrystalline p-type semiconductor layer (106)    Monocrystalline n-type semiconductor (108)    Amorphous layer (112)    Template. (114)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen-containing fuel gases comprises catalytically reforming hydrocarbons in two stages, and cleaning the gas. The reforming step comprises autothermal reforming followed by steam reforming at temperatures below 650 degrees C.    USE - For mobile and stationary fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Heat exchangers are not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for the production of hydrogen-containing fuel gases.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generating apparatus comprises a reaction tank (10) holding a metal which can generate hydrogen by an oxidation reaction with water, and a heating means (2) holding a metal which produces heat by the exothermic oxidation reaction with air or oxygen. The exhaust heat of heating tank is supplied to the fins of heat exchanger in the reaction tank to heat the air. The amount of air/oxygen into the reaction tank is regulated based on the temperature of the heating tank.    USE - For fuel cell used in electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves thermal efficiency of heating tank by heating the air or oxygen before introduction into the reaction tank. Ensures stable generation of hydrogen without the by-production carbon monoxide or carbon dioxide or the need for a large amount of electrical energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heating tank is arranged round the reaction tank. The heat exhausted from the heating tank is guided through heat exchanger to heat the air or oxygen introduced into the reaction tank. A controller regulates the air pump based on the detected temperature of heating tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic model of hydrogen generator.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    heating tank (20)
NOVELTY - Cooling composition for fuel cells contains a basic material comprising at least one of secondary alcohols and their derivatives or tertiary alcohols and their derivatives, or an aqueous solution of these.    USE - Cooling composition for fuel cells (claimed), used especially in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has low conductivity and excellent non-freezing properties, and maintains the low conductivity for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A nitride semiconductor element comprises a conductive layer (5, 12, 13), a first terminal, a nitride semiconductor with a light-emitting layer, and a second terminal, from a supporting substrate (11) successively. The first terminal and a first insulating protect layer are interposed between the conductive layer and a first conductive type nitride semiconductor layer.    USE - For light-emitting device, e.g. light emitting diode, laser diode, photoreceptor such as solar cell, photosensor, electronic device such as transistor, or power device.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly provides a high efficient nitride semiconductor element having an opposed terminal structure, whose terminals facing each other, without increasing its voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing a nitride semiconductor element comprising:    (a) growing the nitride semiconductor having a second conductive type nitride semiconductor layer, the light-emitting layer, and a first conductive type nitride semiconductor layer, on a different material substrate, subsequently;    (b) attaching the supporting substrate to the first conductive type nitride semiconductor layer side of the nitride semiconductor with interposing between them the first terminal; and    (c) eliminating the different material substrate to expose the second conductive type nitride semiconductor layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a process.    Well layer (3)    Barrier layer (4)    Conductive layer (5, 12, 13)    Substrate (11)
NOVELTY - A unitary fuel cell assembly comprises two flow field plates (82, 84), a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) between the flow field plates, the MEA comprising two fluid transport layers (FTLs) (86, 88) and a membrane (90, 91), a hard stop arrangement (92) provided between the flow field plates, and a thermoplastic material provided within a gap defined between the FTLs and the hard stop arrangement.    USE - Used for a fuel cell power system.    ADVANTAGE - Facilitates efficient assembling and disassembling of fuel cell stacks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A unitary fuel cell assembly comprises a first flow field plate; a second flow field plate; a MEA provided between the flow field plates, the MEA comprising two FTLs and a membrane provided between anode and cathode catalytic layers; a hard stop arrangement provided between the flow field plates; and a thermoplastic material provided between a portion of the FTLs and within a gap defined between the FTLs and the hard stop arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the unitized cell assembly.    Flow field plates (82, 84)    FTLs (86, 88)    Membrane (90, 91)    Hard stop arrangement (92)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage medium comprises a fabric (24) including a yarn having carbon fibers and/or carbon nanotubes.    USE - For high density storage of hydrogen for fuel cell applications.    ADVANTAGE - The medium is capable of holding high densities of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a hydrogen storage device, comprising a collapsible container; and a storage medium contained in the container, and including a yarn having elastomeric fibers and carbon fibers and/or carbon nanotubes;    (2) a hydride battery comprising a cathode; an anode for storing and discharging hydrogen, and including a fabric including a hydrogen absorbing material; and an electrolyte electrochemically linking the anode and the cathode; and    (3) manufacture of a hydrogen storage medium comprising obtaining carbon fibers and/or carbon nanotubes; obtaining elastomeric fibers; and spinning the materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a first partial cutaway perspective view of a hydrogen storage device.    Fabric (24)    Gas coupling nipple (114)    Coupling (116)    Shaft (118)    Washer (120)    Nut (122)
NOVELTY - A fuel composition comprises a primary fuel including a surface-active compound; an auxiliary fuel including a hydrogen-containing compound with a reduction potential such that a thermodynamic reversible potential of an electrochemical cell including the compound at an anode (20) and an oxygen cathode (14) is at least 1.56 V; and an electrolyte (16) with a pH above 7.    USE - Used in electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel composition produces high power and is stable in contact with the catalytic anode when the electrochemical circuit is broken.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of the fuel cell.    Cathode (14)    Electrolyte (16)    Electrolyte chamber (18)    Anode (20)    Fuel chamber (22)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack for an electric automobile is provided, to improve the assembling property and to prevent the loss of electric power by preventing the generated current from flowing along the cooling water.    USE - For an electric automobile.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the loss of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell stack comprises a plurality of subassemblies (10) comprising a pair of bipolar plates (11), a pair of gasket members (15) adhered to the inside of the bipolar plates, and an ion exchange member (17) adhered to the inside of the gasket members; a cooling jacket (20) inserted between the subassemblies; and a cooling channel (30) which is placed in the outer side of the subassemblies and supplies the cooling water (31) to the cooling jacket. Preferably the gasket is made of an ABS resin; and the cooling jacket is made of a metallic material.
NOVELTY - A container has combustion pipe (6), modification pipe (3), heat insulator (8), carbon monoxide transformer (9), primary spacer (13), carbon removal device (11) and the secondary spacer (14) held in concentric manner and in order.    USE - For generation of hydrogen rich gas by steam reforming of hydrocarbon type gas such as town gas, so as to supply to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the container has several components, arranged in concentric manner, the hydrogen generator size is reduced and thermal efficiency is made high. Temperature of each component is controlled, since surplus heat in each component is collected and effectively used. Installation of an heat exchanger external to the modifier is made unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification pipe has the catalyst for modification of the town gas by reacting with water to obtain hydrogen rich gas. A fuel and water supply units are connected to the modification pipe. The thickness of the heat insulator is set so that the surface temperature of the heat insulator is controlled to 200-300 degrees C. A selection oxidation catalyst layer (10) is provided in the carbon monoxide removal device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    modification catalyst (2)    modification pipe (3)    combustion tube (6)    heat insulator (8)    carbon monoxide transformer (9)    selection oxidation catalyst (10)    carbon monoxide removal device (11)    container (12)    spacers (13,14)
NOVELTY - The temperature of a metal hydride and pressure in a reactive container are measured during supply of metal hydride to a pressure vessel. The measured values are plotted to obtain a supply region (A). The temperature and the pressure are maintained corresponding to the region (A), when supplying water to the reaction container. The container is cooled, when judging generation of excess water vapor.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable supply of hydrogen, suppressing generation of excess water vapor in the reaction container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of relationship between the metal-hydride temperature and pressure in reaction container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The optical absorption layer (13) formed on lower electrode layer (12), consists of chalcopyrite structural semiconductor compound including Ib, IIIb and VIb group elements such that the concentration of sodium and gallium towards upper electrode layer is greater than the concentration towards lower electrode layer.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides solar cell with power conversion efficiency, reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the solar cell.    Solar cell (10)    Substrate (11)    Lower electrode layer (12)    Optical absorption layer (13)    Upper electrode layer (16)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric conversion layer is interposed between an amorphous silicon layer and an electroconductive thin film on a substrate. The amorphous silicon layer has an average thickness of 1-10 nm and one part of the surface which touches the photoelectric converting layer is a silicon oxide having a surface area of 30-50% of the thin film.    USE - Photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides photoelectric conversion apparatus with reduced cost and with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.
NOVELTY - The laser beam is incident on a processing target object, to form fine-crystal grains in the amorphous region (8) between strip-shaped regions (7a,7b). A laser beam with lower energy density is incident on the object, to melt fine crystal grain formed on silicon film of the amorphous region, and to allow growth of crystal towards the amorphous region using crystal grain formed in the strip-shaped region.    USE - For manufacturing polycrystal film, such as used in low temperature-form polycrystal thin film transistor (TFT) LCD, solar cell panel, paper-type LCD and electroluminescent (EL) display.    ADVANTAGE - The polycrystal film is manufactured efficiently by using a laser beam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the distribution of laser beam in the above polycrystal film manufacturing process.    strip-shaped regions (7,7a,7b)    amorphous region (8)
NOVELTY - Secondary heat catalyst structure (705b) is arranged in filming space during filming mode, and is arranged at position different from filming space during gas cleaning mode. Cleaning gas such as hydrogen or gas containing fluorine or chlorine, is introduced through gas introduction route (704). A cleaning mechanism performs etching removal of attachment deposited on filming chamber interior.    USE - For thin film processing system (claimed) used in thin film silicon type solar cell manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Effective gas cleansing is achieved using simple structure. Thus simplification and large time shortening of PECVD apparatus maintenance operation are achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the cat-PECVD apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    secondary heat catalyst structure (705b)    gas introduction route (704)    plasma space (707)    substrate (712)    substrate heater (713)    vacuum pump (714)
NOVELTY - The system has a shutter (25) provided for switching flow path of bypass piping (24) and air charging line (14). Another shutter (28) for interrupting the exhaust gas is provided in the exhaustion side of the fuel cell stack (1). When the fuel cell stack is shut down, the shutter (25) is connected with the piping (24) for distributing the high polymer absorbent into the stack through air inlet.    USE - Used as drive sources for electric vehicle, motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses the external draining of the water content of the absorbent by distributing the absorbent into the piping through the air inlet of the fuel cell stack so drying of the fuel cell is suppressed to prevent the impossibility of the electric power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the piping structure of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stack (1)    Air charging line (14)    Bypass piping (24)    Shutters (25,28)
NOVELTY - The substrate has a laminate of a heat-resistant resin film (1) and a heat-resistant reinforcing material (2).    USE - For solar cell (claimed) such as thin film silicon type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell substrate has high strength, excellent flexibility, heat resistance, dimensional stability and reduced moisture absorption. The generation of curvature due to internal stress of silicon film layer is suppressed, during manufacture of solar cell. The substrate produces solar cell with high productivity and excellent energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solar cell; and    (2) manufacture of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic drawing of substrate of solar cell.    heat-resistant resin film (1)    heat-resistant reinforcing material (2)
NOVELTY - The aqueous liquid contacting rubber components contains rubber vulcanisate. Volume resistivity of the rubber vulcanisate, which is in contact with the aqueous liquid is more than 1010 ohmcm. The rubber vulcanisate is immersed in aqueous liquid of 10-fold quantity at 80degreesC for 168 hours, specific conductivity of the vulcanisate, measured at 25degreesC and 80degreesC is 3 muS/cm or less and 50 muS/cm or less, respectively.    USE - As coolant transport hose for fuel cell electric vehicles (claimed) and for diaphragm and packing.    ADVANTAGE - The aqueous contacting liquid component has favorable resistance to flow of electric current and efficiently prevents generation of fault of a system using the component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The rubber vulcanisate is a vulcanisate obtained by subjecting rubber blend material of ethylene (alpha)-olefin type copolymer raw material rubber and carbon black to secondary vulcanization.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional view of the coolant transport hose (aqueous liquid contacting rubber component) for fuel cell electric vehicles.    hose for coolant transport (11)    inner pipe layer (12)    outer pipe layer (13)    reinforcement layer (14)
NOVELTY - The transducer consists of an electrolyte layer (13) which is sealed between a semiconductor layer (7) and a counter electrode (9), by a sealing agent (15). The sealing agent is formed of a compound whose solubility parameter is 9.5 or less. A resin layer (17) made of fluorine, is provided on the outer surface of the transducer.    USE - For use in gratzel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage of the electrolyte and the permeation of water from outside is suppressed and the stability of the transducer is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for optoelectric transducer manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the optoelectric transducer.    electrode (5)    semiconductor layer (7)    counter electrode (9)    electrolyte layer (13)    sealing agent (15)    resin film (17)
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte is obtained by using a silane coupling agent having at least an organic substituent, and a compound having phosphoric acid group as raw material components.    USE - For solid electrolyte type fuel cells (claimed) used for secondary batteries, display devices and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte has high ionic conductivity in a low humidity environment. The electrolyte has favorable flexibility, heat resistance, proton conductivity and heat stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solid electrolyte type fuel cell having an electrolyte film which is formed using the solid electrolyte.
NOVELTY - Device for reforming fuel to produce hydrogen comprises a storage section (20) for pre-mixed fuel and containing a mixture state stabilizing unit, a reformer (26) containing a reforming catalyst for improving the reforming reaction, and a feed section (50) for pre-mixed fuel for supplying the reformer with the pre-mixed fuel which is stored in the storage section.    USE - Used in a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The ratio of the feed amount of the reformed fuel and water is stabilized. The device has a simple arrangement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system containing the above fuel reforming device and a fuel cell (36) for producing an electromotive force by the electrochemical reaction using hydrogen produced in the fuel reforming device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    storage section (20)    reformer (26)    hydrogen separation section (32)    fuel cell (36)    feed section (50)
NOVELTY - In a process for operating multi-stage carbon monoxide catalytic converter, the inlet temperature (TE) and the surfaces over which the gas flows are chosen such that in each stage the net reaction speed (VN) varies within a defined temperature range (T).    USE - Process to operate a carbon monoxide catalytic converter forming part of a mobile gas generator for a bank of fuel cells with hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The process facilitates a reduction in the quantity of catalytic material employed and the overall size of the catalytic converter.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The range is defined by the maximum possible net reaction speed (VN/max) in the product side direction with reference to the respective CO concentration (yco) and catalyst. The reformate gas flow is subjected to intermediate cooling between stages. The temperature range ((T) as defined by the values (T1max(yco), T1min (yco)) and varies by +/- (5-20%) preferably +/- (7-10%) of temperature value (T1(yco)) at the maximum possible net reaction speed (CN/max) in the product side direction, with respect to the carbon monoxide concentration (yco) and catalyst in use. The reformate gas flow is derived from a mixture of hydrocarbon compounds (CnHm) and in which heat surrendered by the gas generator is recovered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a graph of temperature in degrees Celsius against carbon monoxide concentration.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas generating system (10) includes a membrane electrode with an anode (109), cathode (111) and an ionically conductive membrane (110) between them; electrical connections (214); and a non-circulating fuel transport system for transferring a water/fuel mixture (101) by capillary action to the anode to generate hydrogen gas.    USE - Hydrogen gas generating system for producing hydrogen and combined with fuel cells for converting the hydrogen to electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The system has greater efficiency and long term performance. Use of non-circulating fuel transport system optimizes surface coverage of reactants and releases gaseous products, thus reducing the need for costly and bulky ancillary equipment, and forms a compact, portable generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an integrated electrochemical reformer and fuel cell system.    hydrogen gas generating system (10)    water/fuel mixture (101)    anode (109)    ionically conductive membrane (110)    cathode (111)    electrical connections. (214)
NOVELTY - An electronic device comprises an oxide layer (14). The oxide layer comprises an oxide comprising an element from group IIa, an element from group IIb and an element from group IIIb.    USE - Used as solar cell (10) (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electronic device has excellent characteristics and high-energy conversion ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing an electronic device comprising forming the oxide layer by sputtering using a target comprising an oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of a solar cell.    Solar cell (10)    Substrate (11)    First and second electrode layers (12, 15)    Semiconductor layer (13)    Oxide layer (14)
NOVELTY - A porous silicon layer (502) is formed between a nonporous single-crystal silicon substrate (501) and a nonporous single-crystal silicon layer (503). An attraction mount (105) is bonded or attracted onto the layer (503). The layer (503) is separated from the substrate at the porous silicon layer by heating the substrate by induction heating.    USE - For manufacturing semiconductor film for use as solar cell or silicon-on-insulator (SOI) substrate.    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacturing the semiconductor film more simply and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) method of manufacturing solar cell; and    (2) method of manufacturing silicon-on-insulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a process of manufacturing a solar cell.    Attraction mount (105)    Heating coil (107)    Nonporous single-crystal silicon substrate (501)    Porous silicon layer (502)    Nonporous single-crystal silicon layer (503)
NOVELTY - The system includes a device selected from engine, fuel cell and combinations. A reformer in fluid communication with the device, has a housing with a support. The support comprises reforming catalyst and hexaaluminate comprising crystal stabilizer disposed in hexaaluminate crystal structure.    USE - Engine/fuel cell system with reformer in vehicles, for reducing vehicle emission.    ADVANTAGE - The stabilized hexaaluminate maintains sufficient catalyst activity to reduce vehicle emission during vehicle start operation. Since the hexaaluminate incorporates the ion in the crystalline structure, the ions are not free to migrate or induce migration of the precious metals, therefore the life of the catalyst is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) reformer;    (2) fuel reforming method;    (3) vehicle operating method; and engine/ fuel cell system operating method.
NOVELTY - A modifier has a reactor and an evaporator which evaporates water to generate steam. The steam and raw material are made to react to generate hydrogen, which is then supplied to a fuel cell. Heating for generation of hydrogen is performed using a predetermined fuel supplied externally. Heating of the water to generate steam is provided by modifier using the off-gas discharged from said fuel cell.    USE - For producing hydrogen used in fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Improves hydrogen generation efficiency by modifier since input energy is increased. Decreases carbon monoxide concentration in reformed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier has a reactor and an evaporator which evaporates water to generate steam. The steam and raw material containing a compound which consists of at least carbon and hydrogen are made to react to generate hydrogen, which is then supplied to a fuel cell. Heating for generation of hydrogen is performed using at least a predetermined fuel supplied from the outside. Heating of the water to generate steam is provided by a modifier using at least the off-gas discharged from said fuel cell.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell modification method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reactor (1)    Modification catalyst (2)    Evaporator (5)    Burner (8)    Pipe (13)    Combustion gas flow path (14,15)    Combustion catalyst (17)
NOVELTY - A backup burner (16) arranged parallel to a process gas burner (4), is operated when the temperature of hot water in hot water storage tank (5) is below a predetermined temperature. The backup burner is stopped, when the temperature of hot water in the hot water storage tank reaches a predetermined temperature.    USE - Used in co-generation system connecting storage tank to fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains hot water temperature in hot water storage tank at predetermined temperature. Improves degree of freedom of the installation features of the hot water storage tank.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the hot-water-storage apparatus which has a reformer (2) that reforms the original fuel into reformed gas of hydrogen main unit. The reformed gas and oxidizing agent are supplied to the fuel cell (3) to generate electric power. The hot water storage tank is connected to the fuel cell system (1) provided with process gas burner. The process gas burner burns the reformed gas generated by the modifier. The process gas burner and the backup burner are arranged in parallel and a backup water heater (17) is connected to the co-generation system (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hot water storage apparatus in the co-generation system schematically. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformer (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Process gas burner (4)    Hot water storage tank (5)    Co-generation system (6)    Backup burner (16)    Backup water heater (17)
NOVELTY - The roller bearing for fuel cells is provided in fluid pumping machine. Grease with a lubricating base oil having a vapor pressure of 1.3 x 10-1 Pa at 25 degrees C is sealed in the bearing.    USE - For pumping machine, impeller-type pumping machine, scroll-type pumping machine, swash-type pumping machine and screw-type pumping machine, to transfer fluid through fuel tank, fuel evaporator, modifier, carbon monoxide removal apparatus or fuel cell stack in fuel cell of motor vehicle, ship or spacecraft.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces dust collection in the roller bearing in the pumping machine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the roller bearing.    Inner ring (301)    Outer ring (302)    Holders (303)    Balls (304)    Seals (305)
NOVELTY - The rod shaped hydride (2) of circular cross section is pulverized along axial direction from its end face, where the side surface of the hydride is coated with resin layer (7).    USE - For production of hydrogen used in fuel cell used for motor vehicle, mobile telephone, radio device, electric power unit for disaster prevention.    ADVANTAGE - The handling property of the hydride is improved by coating resin layer, hence hydrogen is easily and effectively manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus which includes pulverization portion (4) contacting the end face of the hydride positioned within a reaction container (3). A cylindrical guide guides the hydride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydride and hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydride (2)    reaction container (3)    pulverization portion (4)    resin layer (7)    pulverized hydride (13)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply element (31) containing hydrogen derivative of an aromatic compound, contacts a metal supported catalyst (10) and is stored in a storage unit (2). The catalyst is heated in a reactor (3). The liquid component (34) separated from the product (32) of the reactor is circulated as hydrogen supply element into the reactor based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound.    USE - Generating hydrogen for use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents time dependent change of the hydrogen generation amount, by circulating liquid component based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative in the aromatic compound. Enables stabilization of the hydrogen-generation quantity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply element (31) containing hydrogen derivative of an aromatic compound, contacts a metal supported catalyst (10) and is stored in a storage unit (2). The catalyst is heated in a reactor (3). The liquid component (34) separated from the product (32) of the reactor is circulated as hydrogen supply element into the reactor based on the concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound. A gas-liquid separator (4) separates vapor and liquid from the product of the reactor. The concentration of the hydrogen derivative of the aromatic compound is detected. A feedback unit fluctuates rate of feed of hydrogen supply element based on the detected value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    storage unit (2)    reactor (3)    gas-liquid separator (4)    metal supported catalyst (10)    hydrogen supply element (31)    product (32)    liquid component (34)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply element (31) contains hydrogen derivative of an aromatic compound and contacts a metal supported catalyst (10). The supply element is stored in a storage unit (2). A reactor (3) has a heating unit to heat metal supported catalyst. The vapor and liquid are separated from product (32) of the reactor by a gas-liquid separator (4). The heat is exchanged between the supply element and the product.    USE - For generating hydrogen for use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient utilization of the heat of the product and therefore energy efficiency of the hydrogen generator is excellent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    storage unit (2)    reactor (3)    gas-liquid separator (4)    metal supported catalyst (10)    hydrogen supply element (31)    product (32)
NOVELTY - A main cooling flow path (9) circulates cooling water between compressor (7) and radiator (8), and a sub cooling path (11) circulates cooling water between compressor and pressure reduction valve (4). A controller (22) controls the flow path switching valves (10a, 10b) so as to circulate cooling water through sub cooling path, when need for warming-up of pressure reduction valve (4) is judged.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle (claimed) such as natural gas vehicle (NGV).    ADVANTAGE - Maintains the quality of components without reducing the temperature of the pressure reduction unit. Fuel-consumption deterioration by unnecessary warming-up is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell unit (1)    Pressure reduction valve (4)    Compressor (7)    Radiator (8)    Main cooling flow path (9)    Flow path switching valves (10a, 10b)    Sub cooling path (11)    Controller (22)
NOVELTY - An organic solvent with composite type metal nanoparticle is discharged to a base material from a discharge tube. Relative movement of tube and base material is controlled. The base material is heated and bake processed so as to decompose and transpire the organic substance. Metallization and sintering of metal particles are performed simultaneously to form a predefined pattern on base material.    USE - The method is used for forming printing pattern used in screen-printer (claimed). It is also used for mounting semiconductor chip onto circuit board, power transmission line formation, and for arranging current collection track at solar cell surface.    ADVANTAGE - Printing of pattern is enabled easily and the desired pattern is obtained as required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for printer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart explaining the process of printing pattern. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An earthenware tile (1) has a recess for receiving a silicon substrate comprising solar power generation cells (2). The silicon substrate is detachedly held in the recess by engaging the coupling pieces (3a,3b) of earthenware tile with the edges (21,22) of the silicon substrate. A ventilation space (14) is formed between the rear side of silicon substrate and the inner face of earthenware tile.    USE - As solar power generation tile installed in roof of buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The novel tile has simplified assembly and maintenance, thus reducing cost. It ensures safety and increases electric power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar power generation tile construction method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above solar power generation tile.    earthenware tile (1)    solar generation power cells (2)    coupling pieces (3a,3b)    edges of silicon substrate (21,22)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying water vapor to reaction gas obtained by burning liquid or gaseous hydrocarbon fuel in combustion air of quantity smaller than the theoretical quantity of air in pre-mixed combustor (1), so that shift reaction and removal process of carbon monoxide are performed.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen containing gas used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen containing gas is easily and reliably manufactured using the hydrocarbon fuel. The manufacturing apparatus is compact. The maintenance property of the apparatus is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen containing gas manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen containing gas manufacturing apparatus.    pre-mixed combustor (1)    burner head (5)    carbon monoxide shift unit (14)    carbon monoxide removal unit (16)
NOVELTY - Main transport unit supplies hydrogen supply composition produced by hydrogenation unit by adding hydrogen to hydrogen accepting material obtained by refining crude oil, to hydrogen generator which produces hydrogen by dehydrogenating supply composition. Sub transport unit conveys supply composition from which hydrogen has been separated, to hydrogenation unit or petroleum refining unit, from hydrogen generator.    USE - For storing and supplying hydrogen to fuel cell, hydrogen fueled engine, hydrogen burner, and electric power generation unit using hydrogen as fuel, which is used to supply electric power to electronic devices, transport system, apartments, office buildings, hotels, hospitals, passenger car, bus.    ADVANTAGE - Since the supply composition from which hydrogen has been separated, is returned to the hydrogenation unit or refinery, hydrogen is produced economically. Enables using the same transportation means as that for petroleum products, for transporting the supply composition and the accepting material. The system is safe, efficient, and is easy to handle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Container (12) with air permeable wall (42), is divided into reaction chambers (68) by dividing wall (67), and catalyst (13) is provided into reaction chambers. Inlet provided in chamber (18) surrounding permeable wall, to blow source gas with hydrocarbon/aliphatic-alcohol into chambers (68). Hydrogen in gas reformed using catalyst, is isolated through separation membrane (43) and collected at chamber (18).    USE - Hydrogen generator for use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Need for a source gas supply pump is eliminated, thereby reducing size and cost of the generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    Hydrogen generator (10)    Cylindrical container (12)    Hydrogen collection chamber (18)    Air permeable wall (42)    Hydrogen separation membrane (43)    Dividing wall (67)    Reaction chamber (68)
NOVELTY - An inorganic material containing titanium oxide supported by oxides other than titanium oxide is obtained by hydrolyzing titanium alkoxide in an organic solvent containing titanium alkoxide and oxides other than titanium oxide.    USE - For honeycomb monolith used for carbon monoxide shift catalyst for fuel modification type hydrogen generation system (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inorganic material has high dispersibility of titanium oxide. The shift catalyst has excellent activity and heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) honeycomb monolith;    (2) carbon monoxide shift catalyst comprising the inorganic material as a support;    (3) fuel modification type hydrogen generation system; and    (4) manufacture of inorganic material.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen-occluding component contains nano-class diamond having mean particle diameter of 100 nm or less.    USE - For hydrogen storage (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen-occluding component efficiently occludes and discharges hydrogen, and inexpensively stores hydrogen with enhanced capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen storage method. The composite of nano-class diamond and binder contained in hydrogen occluding component, is heat-dried in vacuum. Hydrogen gas is introduced to hydrogen occluding component, adsorbed and occluded by heating and cooling under normal pressure or high pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graph illustrating the hydrogen storage capacity of cluster diamond and graphite cluster diamond. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The laminated structure formed by sequential lamination of transparent electrode (2), a light transducer (3) and a reverse side electrode (4) on a transparent substrate (1), is processed with a chemical such as nitric acid solution or hydrochloric acid solution which is capable of dissolving only the reverse side electrode in the laminated structure.    USE - For manufacturing thin film solar cell (claimed) mounted in roof, wall of building.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents short circuit of the edge of the thin film solar cell, without using expensive apparatus, thereby reducing processing cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a profile of the cross-section of the thin film solar cell substrate.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent electrode (2)    Light transducer (3)    Reverse side electrode (4)    Short circuit portion (5)
NOVELTY - Solar cell (1) comprises a semiconductor substrate (1a) having a surface electrode (1b) and pn-junction on a light-receiving surface side, and a reverse-side electrode (1d). The reverse-side electrode has a molten silica-type sintered compact layer (2).    USE - For solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method produces high quality solar cell with excellent mechanical strength, stability, thermal shock resistance, corrosion resistance and reliability, inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reverse-side electrode is silver paste bake-processed electrode. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) solar cell module; and    (b) manufacture of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and sectional view of the light-receiving surface, and top view of the reverse surface.    solar cell (1)    semiconductor substrate (1a)    surface electrode (1b)    reverse-side electrode (1d)    molten silica-type sintered compact layer (2)
NOVELTY - The flow path switching elements (5-8) circulate the low temperature coolant from sub coolant tank (3) to selection oxidation-reaction device (1) during shutdown. A controller (9) starts pumping of air from air supply source (4) to device (1), when temperature of the device (1) after shutdown is lower than selection oxidation-reaction temperature range.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of condensed water and deterioration of a catalyst are prevented effectively. Thus corrosion of the selection oxidation-reaction device by condensed water, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Selection oxidation-reaction device (1)    Main coolant tank (2)    Sub coolant tank (3)    Air supply source (4)    Flow path switching elements (5-8)    Controller (9)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen occlusion medium contains a carbon-containing material accommodated in a pressure-resistant container. The carbon-containing material is obtained by carbonizing a synthetic-resin vegetable and/or animal fiber.    USE - For fuel cells and in internal combustion engines.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occlusion medium is economical, and has excellent hydrogen occlusion capability. The hydrogen occlusion medium provides fuel cells in which conversion to clean energy is promoted. Economization of resources is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen occlusion medium, which involves carbonizing a synthetic-resin vegetable and/or animal fiber, to obtain a carbon-containing material, and packing the carbon-containing material in a pressure-resistant container.
NOVELTY - Self-modification type methanol fuel cell for mobile device in which the number of electrolytic cells is set greater than the number of fuel cells by increasing the unit electrode area of the electrolytic unit to be more than the unit electrode area of the fuel cell.    USE - Small sized mobile device and in vehicles such as golf cart, electric fork lift truck.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of fuel is controlled and the leakage of fuel is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the methanol fuel cell.    Air supply (1)    Methanol fuel supply (2)    Hydrogen fuel cell (3)    Electrolytic unit (4)    Fuel retainer (5)
NOVELTY - A particle dispersed-type resin sheet has an epoxy resin layer (1) containing an epoxy resin and an inorganic oxide. The epoxy resin has a bisphenol-S type structure, and the inorganic oxide has average particle diameter of 1 nm-100 microns.    USE - Used for substrate of solar cells and image display devices (claimed) such as electro luminescence (EL) display device e.g. organic EL display device, and liquid crystal cell such as liquid crystal display device.    ADVANTAGE - The particle dispersed-type resin sheet is lightweight and has excellent light transmittance, gas barrier property, impact strength, heat resisting property, chemical resistance, dimensional stability and low moisture permeable. The resin sheet enables easy electrode formation and color filter formation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) image display device substrate;    (2) solar cell substrate, both consisting of the particle dispersed-type resin sheet; and    (3) image display device, which uses the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of particle dispersed-type resin sheet.    epoxy resin layer (1)    gas barrier layer (2)    hard-coat layer (3)
NOVELTY - A polymer composition comprises a polymer having glass transition temperature of 120-400 degrees C in polymer simple substance, and an organic modified layered silicate with decomposition start temperature of 190-350 degrees C.    USE - For film, gas barrier film and substrate for image display device (all claimed), electronic circuits, electrode, dividing wall, solar cell, electronic paper, semiconductor device, plasma display panel, field emission display device, organic electroluminescence device and vacuum fluorescent display.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer composition provides film with excellent heat-resisting property, gas barrier property, durability and minute property. The film forms display device with favorable light emission property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) film containing the polymer composition;    (2) gas barrier film having organic-inorganic hybrid layer obtained by sol-gel method on the film;    (3) substrate comprising the film or gas barrier film; and    (4) image display device having the film or gas barrier film.
NOVELTY - An ion-conducting membrane for electrochemical applications is based on aromatic polyimide or copolyimide polymers.    USE - The membrane is useful for electrochemical applications, preferably in fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has improved performance at 100-150 degreesC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ion-conducting membrane for electrochemical applications is based on aromatic polyimide or copolyimide polymers comprising units of formula (1).    B = formula (2),(3), pyridyl or pyrimidinyl;    R = H, phenyl, a phosphonic acid group or at least one phosphonic acid group containing chain;    A = naphthalene group of formula (4)-(6) forming 6 atom rings with the neighboring imide groups;    X = CO, O, C(CF3)2 or SO2.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly (10) comprises a pressurized container (14), a fuel cell (12) in the container, and a thermal shield (16). The thermal shield is located between the container and the fuel cell and spaced from the container to form a flow path for a cooling fluid.    USE - Used as power generation equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell assembly has a thermal management system that can maintain more uniform thermal gradients of the container, reduce the temperature of the container itself, and enhance the desired thermal efficiency of the fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a diagrammatical perspective view of a tubular fuel cell assembly incorporating a thermal shield.    Fuel cell assembly (10)    Fuel cell (12)    Pressurized container (14)    Thermal shield (16)    Anodes (20)    Electrolyte (22)    Cathode (24)    Interconnect (26)    Oxidant inlet (30)
NOVELTY - The system has a unitary fuel cell assembly (80) with a membrane electrode assembly provided between flow field plates (82, 84). A retention arrangement is provided on the unitary fuel cell assembly and a cooling structure. The retention arrangement facilitates mating engagement between the unitary fuel cell assembly and cooling structure in a predetermined orientation.    USE - Used in an automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell assembly and the cooling structure facilitate efficient assembling and disassembling of fuel cell stacks equipped with cooling structures. The system reduces the complexity and time expenditure associated with stack disassembling and reassembling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a unitized cell assembly employing a built-in hard stop arrangement.    Unitary fuel cell assembly (80)    Flow field plates (82, 84)    Silicon seal (94)
NOVELTY - An electronic device comprises organic optoelectronic devices and current limiting device(s). One of the organic optoelectronic devices has top and bottom electrodes. A first current limiting device is coupled to the top electrode and/or a second current limiting device is coupled to the bottom electrode. One of the electrodes of organic optoelectronic device, the first current limiting device or the second current limiting device is patterned.    USE - Passive matrix display, alphanumeric display, passive matrix detector array, non-passive matrix detector array, light source or solar cell array (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The effect of defective element on electronic device is minimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a protected organic optoelectronic device comprising a substrate, a bottom electrode on the substrate, organic layer(s) on the bottom electrode and a top electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electronic device.
NOVELTY - The plate (30) has sheets (102,104) including fluid flow channels (106,108, 110,112) to distribute fluid flow across one side/both sides of plate. A coating is formed on plate, comprising graphite, carbon black and resin binder provided in proportion such that coating exhibits contact resistance less than 20 mOhm cm2 at compression pressure exceeding 200 psi. The coating comprises 1.7% - 10% by weight of carbon black.    USE - For manufacturing products (claimed) such as fuel cell (claimed), battery terminal, electrical connection terminal and electrostatic components used in vehicle (claimed) e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - The products having high corrosion resistance and good thermal and electrical conductivities is obtained, by providing a coating layer comprising graphite having low bulk density and high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) coating;    (2) fuel cell;    (3) fuel cell stack;    (4) vehicle;    (5) method of preparing coating;    (6) method of coating fluid distribution plate;    (7) method of manufacturing electrically conductive fluid distribution plate; and    (8) product    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of electrically conductive fluid distribution plate.    plate (30)    sheets (102,104)    fluid flow channels (106,108,110,112)    passivation layer (125)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen powered fuel cell (12) is mounted on the vehicle. A fuel processor supplies pure hydrogen to the fuel cell. The electric power, water and heat are supplied through the respective paths to the desired areas of the vehicle.    USE - Vehicle such as marine vehicle, boat, truck, recreation vehicle, sports utility vehicle (SUV) equipped with fuel cell power system.    ADVANTAGE - Reliable generation of the hydrogen for powering fuel cell is ensured, by using the fuel processor. Enables effective utilization of the heat of the exhaust gas to operate absorption type refrigeration systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for enclosure comprising fuel cell power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (12)    Separator (31)    Reservoir (34)    Filter (37)    Storage tank (44)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas generator comprises a planar substrate having an upper surface; a water and fuel storage cavity recessed into the upper surface of the substrate, capillary flow channel, cover lid sealingly attached to the upper surface, outlet means for removing hydrogen gas produced during operation; packed bed of micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride disposed within fuel storage cavity and water contained within the water storage cavity.    USE - As compact hydrogen gas generator for providing a compact solid source of hydrogen (claimed) as a fuel for fuel cell; as a purge gas in chromatographs and for combustor.    ADVANTAGE - The device comprises solid sodium borohydride in a highly efficient manner that prevents caking and scaling from reducing the hydrogen production yield without using a fuel pump. The device is directly integrated with micro fuel cell designs to create a very compact micro power system and also scalable to larger system needing larger amounts of hydrogen for higher power applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compact hydrogen gas generator comprises a substantially planar substrate having an upper surface; a water and fuel storage cavity recessed into the upper surface of the substrate; a capillary flow channel for transporting water from the water storage cavity to the fuel storage cavity by capillary action; a cover lid, sealingly attached to the upper surface of the substrate for sealing the two cavities and flow channel; outlet means for removing hydrogen gas produced during operation; a packed bed of micro-disperse particles of sodium borohydride disposed within the fuel storage cavity; and water contained within the water storage cavity.
NOVELTY - Pressure container (70) has an outer wall system, an adapter (18) positioned in the wall system and a fill vessel (72) in the container chamber. The outer wall has an inner gas tight liner (14) and an outer structural wall (12). The adapter allows fill gas to fill the chamber under pressure. The fill vessel has a fill chamber and a gap (78) between the wall system and the fill vessel wall.    USE - For storing hydrogen gas on a vehicle for a fuel cell engine.    ADVANTAGE - The container includes an inner vessel, which prevents the heated gas from damaging the internal liner of the container while the container is being filled with compressed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fill vessel has an opening through its wall to allow the fill gas to flow through the adapter into the gap so that gas in the containers chamber is forced in the fill chamber.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for filling the pressure container with compressed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross sectional view of type-4 pressure container.    type-4 compressed gas container (70)    hydrogen gas (26)    outer structural wall (12)    liner (14)    adapter (18)    fill vessel (72)    gap (78)
NOVELTY - Patterned microelectronics layer is formed by providing substrate (40) having conductor stud (14), forming first lower (50) and second upper (52) sub-layers, forming inter-level metal dielectric (IMD) layer (54), forming photoresist mask layer pattern of interconnection line trench pattern and transferring pattern, and etching first lower sub-layer from trench pattern for interconnection lines.    USE - For forming a patterned microelectronics layer, e.g. conductor layer (12), semiconductor layer, or dielectric layer, for fabrication of microelectronics devices, e.g. integrated circuit, charge coupled device, solar cell, light-emitting diode, ceramic substrate, or flat panel display (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method forms a multi-layer conductor interconnection layer having improved electrical properties and attenuated damage during processing. A low-resistance, high strength bond is formed between the via hole contact conductor plug and the inlaid conductor wiring layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a damascene multi-layer conductor interconnection layer formed within a semiconductor substrate.    Patterned conductor layer (12)    Conductor stud (14)    Substrate (40)    First lower sub-layer (50)    Second upper sub-layer (52)    IMD layer (54)
NOVELTY - A weight sensor (40) detects the weight of the fuel cell (30). An estimation unit estimates moisture content state of the fuel cell, based on the comparison result of the standard weight and detected weight of fuel cell.    USE - For estimating moisture content state of fuel cell mounted on vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content in the electrolyte film of the fuel cell is estimated more correctly. The efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system equipped with moisture content state estimation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (20)    pump (24)    fuel cell (30)    weight sensor (40)    control unit (70)
NOVELTY - An oxide film (3) of 0.1 micron or more thickness is formed between the silicon particles (5) and an insulator (4) over the surface of an aluminum or aluminum alloy substrate (1). The insulator is a thermally-stable polymer material, inorganic filler or organic-inorganic composite material containing silicon.    USE - As solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel solar cell is inexpensive, and has high conversion efficiency and low insulation resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above solar cell.    substrate (1)    oxide film (3)    insulator (4)    silicon particle (5)    semiconductor layer (6)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel storage tank has an opening (17) equipped with a valve (12a). The valve is opened by pressing the valve from outside.    USE - Liquid fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables carrying out liquid fuel supply reliably without spilling. Enables liquid fuel battery to generated electric power supply for long time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for liquid fuel supply method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the main portion of liquid fuel battery and sectional drawing of external tank.    cover board (2)    external tank (3)    liquid fuel (4)    vapor-liquid separation hole (6a)    electrolyte layer (10)    valve (12a)    stopper (14a)    opening (17)
NOVELTY - A particle dispersion type resin sheet has epoxy-resin layer(s) (1) containing bisphenol S type-epoxy resin and light-diffusion agent, each having different refractive index.    USE - As substrate for solar cell and image display device (all claimed) such as liquid crystal display device and electroluminescent display device.    ADVANTAGE - The particle dispersion type resin sheet has high strength and excellent light diffusion function, which prevents glare resulting from back light incorporating illumination light. The sheet maintains favorable balance of heat resistance and strength, and has high light transmittance. Productive efficiency of a display device is improved by using the sheet as substrate. The sheet is thin and lightweight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) substrate for image display device and solar cell, which consists of the particle dispersion type resin sheet; and    (2) image display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of particle dispersion type resin sheet.    epoxy resin layer (1)    gas barrier layer (2)    hard coat layer (3)
NOVELTY - Element is heat processed at 120-300 degrees C under partial oxygen pressure of about 133Pa or less.    USE - Silicon photovoltaic element used by solar cell, solar sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Amount of activation of doping element of p layers of fine crystal and n layers of fine crystal are increased. The electrical property of p and n layers are improved. Improves boundary surface property, since plane defect is decreased. Prevents reduction of semiconductor property, since silicon film is not oxidized during heat processing. Obtains favorable photoelectric transfer characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for silicon photovoltaic element manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the silicon photovoltaic element. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    transparent substrate (1)    metal oxide transparent electrode layer (2)    crystalline p-type semiconductor layer (3)    fine crystal type photoelectric conversion layer (4)    crystalline n-type semiconductor layer (5)    reverse side electrode layer (6)
NOVELTY - The liquid-fuel battery contains electrode-electrolyte integrating material (4) consisting of anode (4a) and cathode with an electrolyte layer (4b) in between, a liquid-fuel storage portion (5) and a cover board (1). Materials (4) are arranged at a planer shape between storage portion (5) and board (1). Collectors (3,6) are arranged between the inner face of storage portion (5) and board (1).    USE - As electric power unit for cordless apparatus such as personal computer and mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The small-sized liquid-fuel battery generates electric power stably and prevents leakage of liquid fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid-fuel battery has an electrode-electrolyte integrating material formed by arranging an electrolyte layer between an anode which reduces oxygen and a cathode which oxidizes fuel. The battery has a liquid-fuel storage portion which stores liquid fuel, and a cover board which are formed from an electrical insulator. Electrode-electrolyte integrating materials are arranged at a planer shape between the liquid-fuel storage portion and cover board. A collector is arranged in the shape of thin film between the inner face of the liquid-fuel storage portion and cover board. Each electrode-electrolyte integration material is electrically connected to the collector in series.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of liquid-fuel battery.    cover board (1)    collectors (3,6)    electrode-electrolyte integrating material (4)    anode (4a)    electrolyte layer (4b)    liquid-fuel storage portion (5)
NOVELTY - A composition comprises (A) an organic compound having at least two carbon-carbon double bonds having reactivity with a silicon hydride group, (B) a compound having two silicon hydride groups in one molecule, (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, (D) a compound having one or more epoxy group(s) and (E) a compound having one or more carboxyl group(s).    USE - Used for electronic component materials (claimed) and as an organic electroluminescence periphery material, an optical communication-optical circuit periphery material (for optoelectronic integrated circuits, optical switches or optical connectors), a light recording periphery material (video disks, CD/CD-ROMs or CD-R/RWs), a display device periphery material (for liquid crystals or lightguides), semiconductor periphery materials (for diodes, transistors, semiconductor lasers or photosensors), a circuit board periphery material (for motherboards and interposers of BGA-CSP-MCMs), a liquid crystal, and various battery periphery materials (as a substrate material for solar cells, lithium ion batteries or fuel cells), is contained.    ADVANTAGE - The composition has high adhesion and provides materials of high practicability. Ion migration is prevented and hence corrosion of electrode of a package does not occur.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an electronic component material;    (2) a mold comprising the above electronic component material;    (3) an adhesive agent; and    (4) an electronic device.
NOVELTY - Fabrication of, over a potentially large surface, high quality thin films of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2 to serve as the absorber of a solar cell consists of a short distance chemical transport, in a closed reactor containing a neutral atmosphere, between a source (2) and a substrate (3) arranged opposite each other and separated by a strut with a thickness of about a millimeter.    USE - The method is used for the application of thin films of Cu(In,Ga)(Se,S)2, or possibly other materials, of good crystalline quality and potentially with a large surface area, to be used as the absorbers of photovoltaic solar cells or other similar applications.    ADVANTAGE - The method is for the low cost fabrication of thin films with a potentially large surface area and of high crystalline quality. It can be applied without any problems at an industrial scale. The geometry of the reactor allows simple adjustment of the operating characteristics to the morphology of the thin film desired and the required application. Larger surfaces can be treated by simply increasing the size of the reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the equipment used to fabricate a thin film.    Reactor (1)    Source (2)    Substrate (3)    Heating system (4)    Reactive (5)    Inlet and outlet taps for neutral gas (6, 7)    Primary vacuum pump (8)    Vacuum pump tap (9)    Manometer (10)    Heat balancing system (11, 12)
NOVELTY - Slits (5,6) are formed at the sides of a manifold (4) and a coating liquid discharge port (6), respectively. A replaceable element (3) for forming a wall at the manifold-side slit (5), is displaced to change the gap of the manifold-side slit.    USE - Extrusion-type nozzle used in coating apparatus (claimed) for applying liquid on magnetic recording tape, adhesive tape, photographic printing paper, offset printing sheet, electrical cell electrode, fuel cell catalyst layer, dielectric layer in the front side of plasma display panel (PDP).    ADVANTAGE - Applies liquid coating uniformly by changing the shape of the outlet.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for coating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional side view of the extrusion-type nozzle.    main block (1)    replaceable element (3)    manifold (4)    slit (5,6)    discharge port (8)    extrusion-type nozzle (100)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell receives hydrogen gas from a supply delivered via a chemical reforming unit (3). The chemical reforming unit (3) especially has a control system that regulates and varies the reactor volume (4) in response to the demand for power.    USE - Reforming reactor for supply of hydrogen gas to automotive fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell operates at higher efficiency than prior art when delivering a smaller fraction than full power, while maintaining good dynamic operating characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalytic reforming unit (3) receives a fuel (1) in the form of benzene, diesel fuel, natural gas, methane, methanol, liquid petroleum gas or a synthetic fuel containing hydrogen. Te control unit is a variable-size screen that alters the cross-sectional flow area within the reactor. In an alternative embodiment the screen (8) is tube, jet or injector which varies the reactor's effective length.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a suitable catalytic reforming reactor with screens in three sizes.    Fuel flow (1)    Cross-sectional area (2)    Reforming unit (3)    Fixed bed reactor (4)    Screen closed (5a)    Pre-mix chamber (6)    Screen open (5b)    Screen half open (5c)    Small cross-section (7a)    Medium cross section (7b)    Maximum cross section (7c)
NOVELTY - Distributing air in a carbon monoxide cleanup system in a fuel reformer comprises supplying air to a manifold; supplying air from the manifold to each air inlet point in a carbon monoxide cleanup system; proportioning the air supplied among the air inlet points by providing a fixed dimension flow path from the manifold to each point; and varying the air supply to the manifold to correspond to a calculated level of carbon monoxide.    USE - Distributing air in a carbon monoxide cleanup system in a fuel reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The system greatly simplifies control by distributing the air or oxygen among the inlets in a fixed ratio using a fixed dimension flow path, and selecting the total oxygen input to the system based on the operating state of the system and its operating map.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for distributing air for carbon monoxide clean-up comprising:    (a) a manifold;    (b) a fixed dimension flow path that connects the manifold to at least two air inlet points in a two-stage preferential oxidation reactor (PrOx);    (c) a pump which provides air to the manifold;    (d) a pump map that determines an amount of air required for carbon monoxide cleanup for a given flow of fuel into the reformer, where the pump map takes into account the increase in reformate flow and the increase of carbon monoxide concentration, and where the pump map is determined empirically; and    (e) a reformer reactor connected to the PrOx for making a reformate comprising carbon monoxide.
NOVELTY - Catalyst for converting carbon monoxide and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide comprises a metal oxide carrier comprising a copper oxide, an aluminum oxide, and a metal oxide including zinc oxide, chromium oxide, or magnesium oxide. The catalyst further comprises, supported on the metal oxide carrier, 0.1-10% platinum and 0-5% rhenium based on the weight of the metal oxide carrier.    USE - The catalyst is used for converting carbon monoxide and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide (claimed), i.e. the water-gas shift reaction.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive catalyst has a high carbon monoxide conversion ratio and a low production cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for converting carbon monoxide and water to hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which comprises contacting a hydrogen-rich gas feed containing carbon monoxide and steam with the catalyst at 200-500degreesC.
NOVELTY - Organic photovoltaic device comprises a conjugated donor block, and a conjugated acceptor block joined to the conjugated donor block by a non-conjugated bridge chain.    USE - The organic photovoltaic device is used for converting solar energy into electric energy.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive organic photovoltaic device allows for renewable and clean energy generation. It reduces or eliminates losses found in previous systems. It is lightweight, flexible in shape, and cost effective.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for forming an organic photovoltaic device, which comprises synthesizing photovoltaic block copolymer samples, dissolving the photovoltaic block copolymer samples in a solvent, filtering the copolymer-solvent mixture, forming a film of the copolymer-solvent mixture on a prepared surface, and removing the solvent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a photovoltaic cell using the invented block copolymer.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell for generating an electric power by supplying one electrode with a fuel and the other electrode with an oxidant, comprises: a catalyst layer formed on surface(s) of the one electrode or other electrode; and a molecule comprising an ion-conducting functional group serving as an electrolyte.    USE - For generating an electric power by supplying one electrode with a fuel and the other electrode with an oxidant.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell uses a thin film electrolyte (53) that does not elute into water or alcohol, thus achieving an increased area of a three-phase zone in the catalyst layer to obtain a long lifetime and high voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell for generating an electric power by supplying one electrode with a fuel and the other electrode with an oxidant, comprises: a catalyst layer formed on surface(s) of the one electrode or other electrode; and a molecule comprising an ion-conducting functional group serving as an electrolyte. The catalyst layer is a layer comprising catalyst particles alone, a layer comprising a mixture of the catalyst particles and other particles, or a layer of a porous film carrying at least the catalyst particles. The molecule is chemically bonded to a surface of the catalyst particles, the other particles or the porous film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view showing a catalyst layer.    Platinum or platinum ruthenium alloy (51)    Carbon (52)    Thin film electrolyte (53)
NOVELTY - A discrete amorphous silicon diode has a first by-pass diode terminal and second by-pass diode terminal. A first electrical interconnection (68) in electrical communication between the first active semiconductor structure side (60) and the first by-pass diode terminal (64) is formed. Another diode interconnection (71) between the second active semiconductor structure side (62) and the second by-pass diode terminal (66) is formed.    USE - Solar cell structure comprising solar cells using discrete amorphous silicon by-pass diode.    ADVANTAGE - Solar cell structure comprising solar cells using discrete amorphous silicon by-pass diode protected against reverse bias damage is obtained by this configuration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a solar cell structure.    electrical interconnections (68, 71)    by-pass diode terminals (64, 66)    active semiconductor structure sides (60,62)
NOVELTY - A composite film is formed by providing a flexible plastic substrate; depositing a multi-layered conductive metallic film having two layers of an alloy comprising indium cerium oxide and indium tin oxide surrounding a layer of an alloy of silver, palladium, and copper continuously on the flexible plastic substrate by a thin-film deposition technique; and collecting the composite film in continuous rolls.    USE - For forming a composite film for flat panel displays, solar panels, and emissive backlight constructions.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides film with optical transparency and improved stability even in a harsh condition of wet etching. It provides an improved construction of flat panel displays that avoids oxidation and corrosion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a composite film made by the inventive method; and    (b) a multilayered electrode/substrate structure, e.g. organic light emitting diode (OLED) or polymer light emitting diode (PLED) comprising the composite film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram showing the results in two and three dimensions of a determination of surface morphology and roughness for two ITO/AgPdCu/ITO films.
NOVELTY - The bottom solar cell (114) has a buffer layer arranged over a germanium substrate. The middle solar cell (112) having a heterojunction structure and including an emitter layer and a base layer is arranged over the bottom solar cell. The top solar cell (110) including an emitter layer and a base layer is arranged over the middle solar cell.    USE - Used in commercial and consumer-oriented application e.g. satellite, space and mobile communication application.    ADVANTAGE - The heterojunction structured solar cell improves the performance of the solar device. Improves the surface passivation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) triple junction solar device; and    (2) triple junction solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph illustrates the relationship between solar spectrum and electrical power output of the multi-junction solar device.    Top solar cell (110)    Middle solar cell (112)    Bottom solar cell (114)
NOVELTY - The seal consists of a C or U-shaped frame with shape similar to the outer shape of the solar cell module. The portion of the module is enclosed along the edges completely by the upper and lower sealing regions (11,12).    USE - For sealing of edge faces of solar cell modules like see-through type module in solar cell assembly installed on roofs of residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE - Enables achieving complete edge sealing by ensuring the total grip on the edges of the module and hence yellowing of outer surface is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an oblique view of edge face seal used with solar cell module.    seal (1)    upper region (11)    lower region (12)    back region (13)    groove (14)
NOVELTY - The solar collector (100) has an array of substrates (102) each having photovoltaic cell (PVC) (104) formed on one surface (106). The surfaces of the substrates are oriented at an angle relative to each other, and to the direction of propagation of light received on the surface of one substrate, such that the light received by that substrate is reflected onto the surface of other substrate.    USE - Solar collector.    ADVANTAGE - The solar collector that is inexpensive to fabricate, highly efficient in utilization of available solar radiation, and having operational life is realized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar collector.    solar collector (100)    substrate (102)    PVC (104)    PVC formed surface (106)    enclosure (108)    array (110)
NOVELTY - The heating gas and the reformed gas in the reformer are swept away by performing water vapor purge of the reformer during the shut down of the fuel cell. During the execution of the water vapor purge, the water vapor remaining in the reformer is ejected outside.    USE - For stopping fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The inner side of the reformer is purged without providing separate apparatus for supplying water vapor, thus a the fuel cell system is stopped using a simple and cost-effective structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An evaporation unit supplies the water vapor generated from the supplied water to a reformation unit which is heated using a burner. A carbon-monoxide shift unit and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation unit sequentially reduces the carbon-monoxide from the reformed gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system comprising a carbon-monoxide selective oxidation unit which supplies the carbon-monoxide to a fuel cell along with air. An interruption unit having a pressure resistance beyond a preset value, interrupts the lead through paths to the reformer of fuel, water vapor and air    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart explaining the subroutine of program for stopping operation of fuel cell system.(Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Infrared source (100) and infrared sensor (120) are arranged on both sides of a fluid circulating pipe (1) corresponding to the observation windows (110,130) on the pipe. Flow regulating stands (10a) are arranged at the inner side (10) of a pipe at upstream side of windows, to restrict direct fluid flow towards the windows.    USE - For detecting moisture in gas and gas-liquid mixture to control water vapor in fuel cells of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables detecting the moisture content exactly and continuously, even in case of multiphase gas-liquid mixtures, by improving response factor and avoiding adhesion of fluid on observation windows. Reduces size, by utilizing the small infrared source and sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross sectional view and cross sectional view of moisture content detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    pipe (1)    inner side of pipe (10)    flow regulating stands (10a)    infrared source (100)    infrared sensor (120)    observation windows (110,130)
NOVELTY - The converter comprises a protective circuit (A), a converter circuit (B) and an inverter circuit (C). The converter circuit comprises a FET (Tg) formed of wideband semiconductor such as gallium nitride.    USE - Direct current-alternating current (DC-AC) converter for solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves solar power generation efficiency, while reducing the size and cost of the converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a circuit block diagram of the direct current-alternating current converter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Protective circuit (A)    Converter circuit (B)    Inverter circuit (C)    Solar cell (S)    FET (Tg)
NOVELTY - The method involves supplying a high-frequency electric power and gas to a micro plasma source (6) arranged at the vicinity of a thin plate (1) conveyed by the guide rollers (4,5). The micro plasma generated by micro plasma source, reacts on a molybdenum film formed on thin plate, to etch fine linear portions of film along the feeding direction of plate and to form scribed-lines (9) on the film.    USE - For forming scribed-lines on molybdenum film used as electroconductive film in reverse electrode of electronic device (claimed) such as thin solar cell panel, thin display device and sheet-like circuit board.    ADVANTAGE - Scribed-lines are accurately formed on the molybdenum film by etching the fine linear portions of the film in a desired manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) scribed-line forming apparatus; and    (b) electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the scribed-line forming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    thin plate (1)    guide rollers (4,5)    micro plasma source (6)    gas supply unit (7)    high-frequency electric power supply (8)    scribed-lines (9)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic element includes crystalline p-type semiconductor layer (3) containing silicon, boron, carbon and has optical forbidden band width more than 1.8 eV. The release voltage of the element is more than 0.50V.    USE - Silicon photovoltaic element is used for solar cell and sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transfer characteristic is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon photovoltaic element manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of silicon photovoltaic element. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (1)    Transparent electrode layer (2)    Crystalline p-type semiconductor layer (3)    Crystalline photoelectric converting layer (4)    Crystalline n-type semiconductor layer (5)
NOVELTY - The paste is a passing material containing glass frit classified silver powder, glass frit, a resin and an organic solvent. The passing material is a material passing through the sieve with an aperture diameter of 24-100 microns.    USE - For electrodes of photovoltaic cell and silver electrodes (both claimed) of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The paste has excellent bonding strength and improved reliability. The paste provides electrodes providing high voltage to photovoltaic cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The paste further contains contact-resistance reduction agent. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relationship between mean particle diameter of glass frit, adhesion reliability of the paste and high output value of photovoltaic cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The structure consisting of semiconductor substrate (1) and diffused layer (2) which reverses conductivity type on surface of semiconductor substrate, is processed and immersed in aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid. The surface of diffused layer of the structure is removed to produce solar cell.    USE - For producing solar cell used for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell with high electric power generating efficiency is produced inexpensively. The area in which impurities are highly concentrated, is effectively removed, and the properties of solar cell are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor substrate consists of silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows flow diagram of solar cell production.    semiconductor substrate (1)    diffused layer (2)    insulating film (3)    surface electrode (4)    back electrode (5)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric converting layer (7) which is formed on a transparent electrically conductive film (2), has p layers (3, 4) and i layer (5) each having crystalline silicon as main component and boron. The i layer has substantially semiconductor property. An electroconductive thin film (8) is formed on the converting layer.    USE - Optoelectric transducer is used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the p layers and i layer of photoelectric converting layer have crystalline silicon as main component, the band gap is enlarged and release voltage of the optoelectric transducer is raised. The short circuit current of transducer and reduction of form factor are prevented. Hence photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for optoelectric transducer manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Transparent electrically conductive film (2)    p layers (3, 4)    i layer (5)    Photoelectric converting layer (7)    Electroconductive thin film (8)
NOVELTY - The low frequency and high frequency electric fields obtained by applying different voltages to respective electrodes, are applied to discharge space (32) of electrodes in superimposed manner, to excite gas supplied to discharge space. The intensities (V1,V2) of low/high frequency electric field are set to satisfy preset condition, w.r.t. electric field intensity during discharge start mode.    USE - For forming electrically conductive film on base material of liquid crystal element, organic electroluminescent element, plasma display panel, electronic paper, field-emission-type display, solar cell and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures to form high quality electrically conductive film, in cost effective manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The power density of high frequency electric field is below 50W per cm2 or 20 W per cm2. The power density of low frequency electric field ranges between 1-50 W per cm2. The amount of discharge gas containing 50-100 volume% nitrogen gas/mixture of nitrogen and oxygen gases, or less than 50 volume% noble gas, is 90-99.9 volume%. The gas contains organometallic compound, halogenated metal and metal hydride.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for base material on which the electrically conductive film is formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of plasma discharge apparatus.    Discharge space (32)    Electrode (35)    Electric power units (41,42)    Filters (43,44)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (20) has a transparent fuel chamber (24) filled with fuel (40) and coloring agent such as bromothymol blue (BTB) solution or litmus solution. The color of the fuel is changed according to the quantity of carbon dioxide (CO2) generated by the catalytic reaction of fuel. The color of absorption element in a recovery unit, is changed according to the recovered quantity of fuel by-products.    USE - Fuel cell e.g. methanol direct type fuel cell (DMFC), used in electronic device (claimed) such as portable terminal (claimed), camera (claimed) and mobile telephone with camera.    ADVANTAGE - The usage amount of fuel in fuel cell is determined easily from the color change in the fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electronic device;    (2) portable terminal; and    (3) camera.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell (20)    cathode (21)    anode (22)    fuel chamber (24)    fuel (40)
NOVELTY - Chemical reactivity of an atom in surface vicinity of a metal material is increased by producing dynamic destruction which accompanies friction at metal material and friction in under water. Corrosion of the metal material with water is then accelerated, water molecule is decomposed, and hydrogen gas is obtained.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogen gas used as fuel of portable fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method is simple, safe and economical. The method produces hydrogen gas without generation of by-products, and is useful for large-scale production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a conceptual diagram of hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen gas manufacturing apparatus (10)    reaction container (12)    pure water supplier (14)    grinding board (16)    electric motor (18)
NOVELTY - The solar battery element (16) is formed on a resin film (12) over a glass plate (11). Another glass plate (15) is arranged on a another resin film (14) formed above solar battery element.    USE - For manufacturing glass laminate sealed with solar battery element such as photovoltaic cell and optoelectric transducer, for vehicle and building.    ADVANTAGE - Since the resin film relieves the local stress applied to the solar battery element, the cracks generated in the solar battery element are suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for glass laminate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a glass laminate.    Glass plates (11, 15)    Resin films (12, 14)    Solar battery element (16)
NOVELTY - Polymer composition consists of an organic polymer containing a vinyl group, and a silane group containing compound. The organic polymer is not an ethylene-alpha-olefin-nonconjugated polyene copolymer.    USE - For manufacturing fuel cell seal components for fuel cells (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymer composition provides the fuel cell seal components having excellent productivity, compression-proof permanent deformation property, gas barrier property with respect to hydrogen, oxygen and water vapor, heat resistance and acid-proof with respect to sulfonic acids and sulfuric acid, and cooling water-proof property, and high velocity forming property. The fuel cell seal components are produced at high speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) fuel cell seal component;    (b) manufacture of fuel cell seal component; and    (c) fuel cell.
NOVELTY - The particle dispersed-type resin sheet has an epoxy-resin layer (1) containing an unevenly distributed light-diffusion agent and an epoxy resin having bisphenol S type structure. The light diffusion agent has a refractive index different from that of the epoxy resin, and has a concentration distribution in thickness direction of the resin layer.    USE - For substrates used for solar cells, image display devices (all claimed), such as liquid crystal display, electroluminescent display devices.    ADVANTAGE - The particle dispersed-type resin sheet has improved strength, heat resistance, light transmittance and prevents the glare resulting from the backlight. The resin sheet is thin and light weight. The display devices obtained using the particle dispersed-type resin sheet has improved efficiency, productivity and strength. The liquid crystal cell substrate does not break easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) image display device substrate;    (2) image display device; and    (3) solar cell substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional model of the particle dispersed-type resin sheet.    epoxy resin layer (1)
NOVELTY - A sealant is made of liquid rubber or resin and is impregnated into the gap of a sealing portion of a porous carbon sheet formed with a cavity.    USE - For use in lamination type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The need for mounting an O-ring and for applying liquid sealant during assembly is eliminated, due to integration of the sealant. Enables reliable sealing of the porous carbon sheet and thinning of the sealing portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method for gasket.
NOVELTY - Tetrahydroborate is produced using borates as chemical raw material by reacting a mixture containing borate and alkali earth metal by heating in hydrogen atmosphere under pressure below a reaction equilibrium pressure in which hydride of the alkali earth metal exists in stable.    USE - Used in the production of tetrahydroborates used as reducing or hydrogenating agent, and also for hydrogen generating agent or fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention produces tetrahydroborates at low production cost with high yield under mild reaction conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a diagram showing equilibrium pressure lines when magnesium reacts with hydrogen to produce magnesium hydride.
NOVELTY - Bipolar plate has plate elements (2a) having a hollow chamber (3) and identical channel structures (4a, 4b). The plate elements have a first recess (5') open to the hollow chamber and a second recess (5'') closed to the hollow chamber. The first recess is aligned with the second recess to form a coolant passage opening through the bipolar plate.    USE - For fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The bipolar plate can be economically produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) Plate elements used in the production of the bipolar plate; and    (b) Process for the production of a bipolar plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of the bipolar plate.    plate elements (2a)    hollow chamber (3)    channel structures (4a, 4b)    recesses (5', 5'')    passages for operating medium (6, 7)
NOVELTY - A catalyst system for rapid startup of an autothermal reformer comprises a first upstream portion (14) having at least a majority of a first catalyst having a first lightoff temperature, and a second downstream portion (16) having at least a majority of a second catalyst having a second, higher lightoff temperature, where the difference between the first and second lightoff temperatures is at least25degreesC.    USE - For rapid startup of an autothermal reformer for producing hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The assembly provides for rapid startup of autothermal reformer. The overall increase in total catalyst needed in the reactor will be less than 50, preferably less than 10%, when compared to a catalyst consisting only of the efficient, high lightoff species. The reformer thus reaches normal operating conditions significantly faster than in conventional autothermal reformer reactors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of providing rapid startup in an autothermal reforming reaction, comprising providing a first catalyst portion for conducting an autothermal reforming reaction, the first catalyst portion having a first lightoff temperature; providing a second catalyst portion for conducting an autothermal reforming reaction in fluid communication with the first catalyst portion, the second catalyst portion having a second lightoff temperature that is at least25degreesC higher than the first lightoff temperature; heating at least part of the first catalyst portion to the first lightoff temperature; and flowing a mixture comprising at least air (24) and fuel (20) over the heated first catalyst portion to create heat by reaction of the air and fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic illustration of autothermal reformer employing the catalyst system.    Housing (12)    First upstream portion (14)    Second downstream portion (16)    Fuel (20)    Steam (22)    Air (24)
NOVELTY - An electroconductive current collector plate (10) for use in microfuel cell applications comprises graphite fibers and/or graphite powder and a polymer resin. The polymer is a thermoset, a thermoplastic polymer or preferably a liquid crystalline polymer.    USE - Used in micro fuel cell applications, particularly liquid feed direct methanol micro fuel cell applications.    ADVANTAGE - The plate is simple, effective and non-corrosive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a collector plate with a perforated flat structure.    Plate (10)    Front (12)    Holes (14)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell stack comprises fuel cell modules (20), compression plates (10) and mechanical linkages. Each fuel cell module comprises membrane electrode assembly (30) comprising no hard stop layer. The linkages connect the compression plates. It may be engaged to maintain a predetermined gap distance between the pair of compression plates.    USE - Converting chemical reaction into electrical current.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack includes fuel cell module, where a controlled amount of compressive strain is applied and a compression may be released to allow removal of module without releasing compression on any other fuel cell module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of removing a fuel from the fuel cell stack comprising selecting a fuel cell module to be removed, releasing the compression on the fuel cell module without altering the compression on any other fuel cell module in the fuel cell stack and removing the fuel cell module from the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an orthogonal projection of fuel cell stack in the invention.    Compression plates (10)    Fuel cell modules (20)    Membrane electrode assembly (30)    Distribution plates (40)    Air cooling channels (110)
NOVELTY - Gasketed fuel cell membrane electrode assembly comprises a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly and a gasket comprising a closed-cell foam rubber.    USE - The gasketed fuel cell membrane electrode assembly is used as the central element of proton exchange membrane fuel cells, e.g. hydrogen fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane electrode assembly has no hard stop layer.
NOVELTY - A capacitor is fabricated by providing substrate (10); forming first capacitor plate layer on substrate; forming capacitor dielectric layer on first capacitor plate layer; and forming second capacitor plate layer on capacitor dielectric layer.    USE - The method is used in the fabrication of capacitor for integrated circuit microelectronic fabrication, ceramic substrate microelectronic fabrication, solar cell optoelectronic microelectronic fabrication, sensor image array optoelectronic microelectronic fabrication, or display image array optoelectronic microelectronic fabrication (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is readily commercially implemented and provides capacitor structure with enhanced performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fabrication of capacitor involves providing substrate; forming first capacitor plate layer on substrate; forming capacitor dielectric layer on first capacitor plate layer; and forming second capacitor plate layer on capacitor dielectric layer. The capacitor dielectric layer comprises first capacitor dielectric sub-layer formed of aluminum oxide dielectric material formed employing an atomic layer deposition method, and a second capacitor dielectric sub-layer formed of material other than the aluminum oxide dielectric material. The first capacitor dielectric sub-layer is treated by plasma.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic cross-sectional diagram illustrating result of progressive stage of the capacitor forming method.    Substrate (10)    Isolation regions (12a, 12b)    Gate dielectric layer (14)    Gate electrode (16)    Source/drain regions (18a, 18b)    Spacer layers (20a, 20b)
NOVELTY - A carbon black material for supporting a platinum catalyst becomes a carrier after receiving an inductive rapid temperature rise graphitization treatment. Then, a platinum catalyst is adsorbed on the treated carbon black to obtain a platinum catalyst.    USE - For use in the design and production of a membrane electrode set and a proton exchange membrane fuel cell set.    ADVANTAGE - The novel catalyst has uniform distribution, fine particle size, and high electrical conductivity. Thus, high performance platinum particles of 2-5 nm can be used as a catalyst for a proton exchange membrane fuel cell. Compared to the commercially available catalysts, the novel catalyst has improved performance. At 18.2 wt% Pt/C, when made into a membrane electrode set for test, the power at a load of 0.6V is 1.18 W/mgPt; while a commercial catalyst with 18.2 wt% Pt/C, when tested at the same condition, provides a power 0.89 W/mgPt.
NOVELTY - Water-gas collection equipment (3) with a water permeable film is arranged at upstream side of a water-gas humidifier (2), for humidifying gas supplied to polymer electrolyte fuel cell, during exhaust gas ejection from the fuel cell. The water-gas humidifier (2) humidifies gas supplied to the fuel cell, by the moisture content of cooling water e.g. antifreeze of the fuel cell.    USE - For humidifying gas supplied to solid polymer film of fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of exhaust gas ejected from the fuel cell is reduced and the solid polymer film of the fuel cell stack is humidified, without installing any heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a humidification apparatus for fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Water-gas humidifier (2)    Water-gas collection equipment (3)    Filter (4)    Compressor (5)    Radiator (10)
NOVELTY - Upper and bottom portions of methanol-water tank (3) have methanol aqueous solution inlet and outlet (21, 22), and carbon-dioxide exhaust port (26B) respectively. Connection line (23) supplying reaction water from gas liquid separator (7) to the tank, has a liquid level controller (24) to maintain the level of methanol aqueous solution in the tank at preset level even when solution level inclines.    USE - For charging of secondary battery in two-wheeled vehicle e.g. power-assisted bicycle, two-wheeled motor vehicle, bicycle with motor, electric vehicle, hybrid vehicle, and small yacht.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell continues to generate power stably even when the vehicle inclines to left or right.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the direct reformation-type fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Methanol-water tank (3)    Liquid separator (7)    Methanol aqueous solution inlet (21)    Methanol aqueous solution outlet (22)    Connection line (23)    Liquid level controller (24)    Carbon-dioxide exhaust port (26B)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell satisfies relations including Re1 more than Re4, Re2 more than Re3 and Re4 more than Re3, where Re1 and Re2 represent oxide equivalent amount of rare earth element in support and fuel electrode layers (13a) of fuel electrode (13e), Re3 is oxide equivalent amount of rare earth element of electrolyte fuel electrode layer formed at solid electrolyte (13b) and Re4 is oxide equivalent amount of rare earth element of solid electrolyte.    USE - Fuel cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - By suitably adjusting the oxide equivalent amount of rare earth element of each layer to the surface side of support layer, the property deterioration of the fuel electrode by the element diffusion from the support layer and the solid electrolyte is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (13)    Support layer (13a)    Solid electrolyte (13b)    Oxygen lateral electrode (13c)    Fuel electrode (13e)
NOVELTY - Water recovery mechanism (6) collects a portion of water molecule generated in air electrode (9). A mixing vessel (4) mixes methanol aqueous solution supplied from storage tank (1) with the collected water molecule. A fuel supply structure (2) supplies methanol aqueous solution from mixing vessel to the fuel electrode (7).    USE - Used for supplying electric power to portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the volume of methanol aqueous solution stored in fuel tank, since dilution of methanol aqueous solution is unnecessary    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for direct methanol type fuel supply method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structural block diagram of direct methanol type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Storage tank (1)    Fuel supply structure (2)    Mixing vessel (4)    Water recovery mechanism (6)    Air electrode (9)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation membrane has a support (101), catalyst portion (102) arranged in at least one surface of support, and a separation membrane (103) formed on at least one surface in which catalyst portion is arranged. The catalyst portion contains carbon monoxide modified catalyst. The separation membrane selectively passes through hydrogen.    USE - For selectively separating hydrogen gas from gas containing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Generation of pinhole in the separation membrane is prevented, and hence hydrogen separation membrane with reduced number of pinhole is obtained. The separation membrane penetrates into carbon monoxide (CO) and prevents mixing of CO in the flow path for hydrogen gas (resulting in poisoning of fuel cell) effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, which uses the hydrogen separation membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross section model of hydrogen separation membrane.    support (101)    catalyst portion (102)    separation membrane (103)    pinhole (104)
NOVELTY - The system has a modifier (2) that generates high concentration hydrogen gas by processing water supplied from a water supply apparatus (4) and hydrocarbon group gas supplied from a gas supply apparatus (6). A controller (25) starts driving of the gas supply apparatus, when temperature of the modifier reaches preset temperature and required water quantity is maintained.    USE - Fuel cell-type electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable generation of high concentration hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (10) makes oxygen to react with the high concentration hydrogen gas from the modifier, to generate electric power.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for starting method of fuel cell-type electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell-type electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modifier (2)    Water supply apparatus (4)    Gas supply apparatus (6)    Fuel cell (10)    Controller (25)
NOVELTY - A distributor (8) which injects a fuel in circumferential direction, and a combustion chamber (20), are surrounded by an air ejection port (9) which ejects air towards the central direction of apparatus, from the periphery. The distributor is inserted into the combustion chamber through an opening (23) formed at a portion of the inner wall of the air ejection port.    USE - For use in hydrogen generator of fuel cell used for electric power generation, which generates hydrogen from hydrocarbon raw material.    ADVANTAGE - The distributor can be mounted at the air ejection port easily. Maintenance of the apparatus is made easy by fixing the distributor in detachable state. Hence, the life of the combustion equipment is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The small gap formed between the inner peripheral wall of the opening of the air ejection port, and the outer peripheral wall of the distributor is sealed. The distributor is fixed by mounting to the fixing wall of an air chamber provided at upstream side of the air ejection port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the combustion apparatus.    catalyst layer (3)    distributor (8)    air ejection port (9)    combustion chamber (20)    opening (23)
NOVELTY - A heating unit (3) heats a hydrogen-molecule compound in a hydrogen storage tank (1). The hydrogen gas generated during heating of the compound, is released through a discharge port (1b).    USE - For use as hydrogen-fuel supply source for fuel cell in motor vehicle and in electric-power generation systems.    ADVANTAGE - Enables easy storage and discharge of hydrogen from the hydrogen storage tank. Enables to reduce energy cost for hydrogen desorption, by using exhaust heat of the hydrocarbon fuel reformer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A stirring unit (4) and a cooling unit (5) stirs and cools hydrogen-molecule compound in the hydrogen storage tank, respectively. The hydrogen-molecule compound is a hydrogen-molecule clathrate compound which is formed by contact reaction between a polymolecule type host compound and the hydrogen molecule.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen desorption apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage tank (1)    discharge port (1b)    heating unit (3)    cooling unit (4)    stirring unit (5)
NOVELTY - An alkali layer (9) is formed on a reverse side electrode layer (2') on a substrate (1). A precursor film (4) is formed on the alkali layer. During heat processing, the alkali metal diffuses into the optical absorption layer so controlling the diffusion amount in the reverse side electrode layer.    USE - Manufacturing thin film solar cell using compound semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - Energy conversion efficiency is improved by controlling diffusion amount of alkali metal in reverse side electrode layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows various stages in the formation of the reverse side electrode, alkali layer and precursor layer on a substrate during manufacture of a thin film solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Reverse side electrode layer (2')    Precursor film (4)    Alkali layer (9)
NOVELTY - Temperature of the solvent in a crucible and the impurity concentration of an epitaxial layer (2) grown on an metal-grade silicon substrate (1) immersed in the solvent, are maintained at constant values.    USE - For manufacture of photoelectric conversion device such as single crystal solar cell and photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - Manufactures the solar cell of high photoelectric conversion efficiency at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the manufacture process of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    metal-grade silicon substrate (1)    epitaxial layer (2)    grain boundary (3)    n+ layer (7)    anti-reflective coating (8)
NOVELTY - The substrate comprises a silicon film (11) formed by liquid phase growing method on a silicon substrate (10). The silicon substrate comprises 15 micro-g or less of iron with respect to 1 g of silicon. The silicon substrate is obtained by casting metal grade silicon raw material to form ingot followed by cutting.    USE - For solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell substrate free of impurities is manufactured inexpensively. The solar cell substrate is free of pin-holes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the solar cell substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the typical sectional drawing of the solar cell manufactured using the solar cell substrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    silicon substrate (10)    silicon film (11)    antireflective coating (12)    current collection electrode (13)    reverse side electrode (14)+
NOVELTY - Polycrystalline-silicon layer (102) covers the surface and end face (105) of a base (101) having aperture (104) on the reverse side. A facet surface (103) is formed by carrying out the liquid-phase growth of the polycrystalline silicon layer on the surface of the base having specific resistance of 0.1-10 ohm.cm.    USE - For solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is manufactured at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross sectional view of the polycrystalline silicon substrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    base (101)    polycrystalline silicon layer (102)    facet surface (103)    aperture (104)    base end face (105)
NOVELTY - A solar cell panel generates electrical power for driving a liquid crystal panel. The light which is transmitted through the solar cell is used for irradiating the liquid crystal panel.    USE - For light control in liquid crystal panel.    ADVANTAGE - The electrical power required to drive the liquid crystal panel is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above light control apparatus.    light control apparatus (11)    window frame (13)    solar cell panel (15)    photovoltaic cell (32)
NOVELTY - The saturated dissolution of silicon in a solution is performed and the obtained solution is cooled to preset temperature lower than the saturated dissolution temperature. A substrate is immersed in cooled solution until a film having thickness of 70% or more of the maximum film thickness is formed on the substrate, and a silicon film is formed.    USE - For forming silicon film used for producing solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method forms silicon film without an extreme thin portion by stipulating immersion time of the substrate in the solution. The solar cell formed using the silicon film has high electric current without shunt.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the change in solution temperature during the liquid-phase growth of the silicon film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A coating agent (13) is applied on predetermined region of substrate (1) by ink jet process to form mask (14) so as to form corrugated structure (15) on the substrate by etching process.    USE - Manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacture of a solar cell having high operating efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of solar cell during manufacture.    Substrate (1)    Light receiving surface electrode (6)    Nozzle (12)    Coating agent (13)    Mask (14)    Corrugated structure (15)
NOVELTY - A thermometry unit (70) measures heater temperature based on electrical resistance of heater (20). The changes of electrical resistance according to the measured heater temperature, is detected based on which heater temperature is specified from which offset voltage is excluded.    USE - For controlling temperature of electric power system (claimed) using a fuel cell e.g. power supply unit for electric motor vehicle and also electronic devices such as a mobile telephone, notebook computer, digital camera, or personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of heater is accurately measured, thus thermal efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) temperature control method; and    (2) electric power system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the electric power system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel supply controller (10)    electric heater (20)    electric power supply controller (50)    heater controller (60)    thermometry unit (70)
NOVELTY - A precursor layer of porous layer (PS) is formed on the electrode (2), after application of insulating liquid on electrode. An electroconductive carbon liquid is then applied on the precursor layer. A precursor layer of a counter electrode (CE) is formed and immersed in a liquid containing titanium compound. The laminated element is removed from the liquid, and processed at a temperature range of 400-600degreesc.    USE - For manufacturing pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides the battery with outstanding energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    transparent electrode (1)    semiconductor electrode (2)    photoelectrode (10)    counter electrode (CE)    porous layer (PS)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor electrode (1) is obtained by supporting the organic dye compound as photosensitizer, and onium salt on semiconductor layer (1c). The onium salt has atom group which has negative charge.    USE - For opto-electric transducer used for solar cells such as opto-electric chemical solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor electrode efficiently improves the photoelectric conversion of opto-electric transducer. The electrode economically provides solar power generation apparatus, and prevents temperature rise in solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) opto-electric transducer which is obtained by performing photosensitization to the electrolyte layer containing ionic liquid using semiconductor electrode; and    (2) solar cell using opto-electric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of an opto-electric transducer.    semiconductor electrode (1)    substrate (1a,2a)    electric conversion layer (1b,2b)    semiconductor layer (1c)    counter electrode (2)
NOVELTY - Non-aqueous electrolyte consists of lithium salt and normal temperature fused salt. The mix ratio of lithium salt and fused salt, is selected such that mixture of lithium salt and fused salt does not have melting point in differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) analysis but have only glass transition point. The DSC analysis is carried out at -150 degrees Celsius to 100 degrees Celsius.    USE - For electrochemical device (claimed) such as non-aqueous electrolyte battery, fuel cell, solar cell, and electrical-double-layer capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - The non-aqueous electrolyte is non-volatile and has high flame retardance property. Therefore, the non-aqueous electrolyte is safe to use. The mobility of carrier ion is carried out favorably in the non-aqueous electrolyte. The electrochemical device having excellent electrical property, is provided using the non-aqueous electrolyte. The battery excellent in charging and discharging property, is provided using the non-aqueous electrolyte.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electrochemical device using the non-aqueous electrolyte.
NOVELTY - An oxide semiconductor electrode (12) consists of an electroconductive substrate (13) and an oxide semiconductor layer (14). A solution containing a metal alkoxide and a solid electrolyte melt substance is applied on the surface of the electroconductive substrate, to form the oxide semiconductor layer by sol gel process.    USE - For manufacturing oxide semiconductor electrode used for pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The oxide semiconductor electrode improves the efficiency of pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the structure of oxide semiconductor electrode.    oxide semiconductor electrode (12)    electroconductive substrate (13)    oxide semiconductor layer (14)    substrate (15)    electrically conductive film (16)
NOVELTY - A carbon electrode (8) has a pore, which contains a carbon black-like particle, a graphite-like particle and an electroconductive oxide particle. The electroconductive oxide particle has electrical resistivity lower than an anatase-type titanium oxide particle.    USE - For pigment sensitizing type solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The carbon electrode enables electronic transition reaction of the electrode surface accurately. The carbon electrode provides pigment sensitizing type solar cell having excellent energy conversion efficiency. The carbon electrode is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell (40). The solar cell has a photoelectrode (10), which has a semiconductor electrode (2) having light receiving surface, a transparent electrode, which is arranged adjacent to the top of the light receiving surface, and a counter electrode (CE3), which is a carbon electrode. The semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode are arranged oppositely, via an electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional drawing of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    semiconductor electrode (2)    carbon electrode (8)    photoelectrode (10)    pigment sensitizing type solar cell (40)    counter electrode (CE3)
NOVELTY - An ion conductor material contains an ionic substance containing an cyano organic anion of specified formula, and having water content of 200 ppm or less.    USE - For electrochemical devices such as secondary battery, electrical double layer capacitors, domestic electric power storage apparatus, electrical vehicles, hybrid electrical vehicles, fuel cells, solar cell-electrochromic display devices and two wheelers.    ADVANTAGE - The ion conductor material has outstanding basic capability and ionic conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ion conductor material contains an ionic substance containing an anion of formula (NC)a(M1)bX-(Q)e((M2)c(CN)d) (1) and having water content of 200 ppm or less.    X = boron, carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic and/or selenium;    M1 and M2 = organic connection groups;    Q = organic group;    a = more than 0; and    b-e = 0 or more.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section model of a lithium secondary battery.
NOVELTY - An alloy containing at least two or more types of metal is used. One metal of alloy is removed substantially, and another remaining metal is oxidized to form metal-metal oxide composite electrode.    USE - For pigment sensitizing optoelectric transducer used for photoelectric cell (both claimed) such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacture of metal-metal oxide composite electrode having high mechanical strength is enabled. The composite electrode produces optoelectric transducer with high mechanical strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) pigment sensitizing optoelectric transducer; and    (2) photoelectric cell.
NOVELTY - The grade of elution of impurity ion in the coolant is measured, and it is determined whether the measured value is within predetermined tolerance. Specific treatment is performed, when the measured value is judged to be beyond predetermined tolerance.    USE - For operating fuel cell system, e.g. using phosphoric acid, molten carbonate, solid oxide or solid polymer fuel cell, to power motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The piping, heat exchanger etc., used as flow path of coolant are not damaged due to corrosion, thus increasing their durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (2)    impurity ion measurement unit (4)    cooling water tank (31)    ion exchanger (32)    heat exchanger (33)    piping (34)    corrosion sensor (41)
NOVELTY - A calculation unit (8) calculates index data (18) showing relationship between electric generating capacity of solar-power-generation apparatus and income-and-expenditure money by comparing layout data (16), cost data (17) and module data (15). A display unit (10) displays the index.    USE - For designing layout of solar cell module used in solar-power-generation apparatus installed in public building and residence.    ADVANTAGE - Enables selecting solar-power generation apparatus which satisfies the user's hope. The designer can easily design the apparatus based on the user's hope.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) layout design method of solar cell module;    (2) solar cell module layout design program; and    (3) recorded medium storing solar cell module layout design program .    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the layout design apparatus of solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    index calculation unit (8)    layout data selection unit (9)    index display unit (10)    requirement specification data (11)    roof data (12)    solar radiation amount data (13)    module data (15)    layout data (16)    cost data (17)    index data (18)
NOVELTY - Each roller bearing (33a,33b) is filled with a grease containing 0.1-10 mass% of an electroconductive substance or a grease not containing sulfonate. The electroconductive substance is carbon black or carbon nanotube. A urea compound is used as thickening agent. A rust protective agent is naphthenate or succinic acid salt.    USE - For pumping machine, such as impeller-type pumping machine, scroll-type pumping machine, swash plate-type pumping machine and screw-type pumping machine, used in fuel cell system, e.g. solid polymer electrolyte-type fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - By sealing grease of specific composition, the generation of peeling of a coating film is prevented. The durability of the roller bearing is enhanced, thus improving durability of the fuel cell system and hence stabilizing electrical power generation for long time period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The amount of the thickening agent with respect to the total quantity of the grease composition is 5-40%. The amount of the protective agent is 0.1-10 mass% of total quantity of the grease composition. The amount of organometallic salt is 0.1-10 mass% of the total quantity of the grease composition.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system using the above assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a impeller-type pumping machine using the above bearing.    rotary shaft (31)    impeller (32)    roller bearings (33a,33b)    housing (35)    back plate (36)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation unit (111) separates hydrogen containing gas into hydrogen gas and off gas, where the separated off gas is used as the heating gas in the gas engine (119).    USE - For processing hydrogen containing gas such as coke oven gas used for producing hydrogen used in fuel cell such as solid polymer type fuel cell, solid oxide type fuel cell and methanol direct type fuel cell used for electric power generation, and also for supplying warm water in kitchen, bathroom.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is easily separated, and the electric power generation efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The benzene, toluene and xylene in the hydrogen containing gas supplied to the hydrogen separation unit, are removed using a removal unit (103). A generator using natural power resources to generate electric power, is provided with the gas engine. An absorption refrigerator (129) is arranged to produce sherbet ice using the exhaust heat of the gas engine.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen containing gas processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen containing gas processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Removal unit (103)    Hydrogen separation unit (111)    hydrogen conveyance line (113)    Gas engine (119)    Absorption refrigerator (129)
NOVELTY - A metallic cylindrical drum (C1) which accommodates binder free buffer, has processed neck portions (12,13) at both edges. A honey- comb structure is held in the drum through the binder free binder. The spinning and twisting of the neck portions are performed with respect to the center axis of the drum.    USE - Honey comb structure incorporated fluid processing apparatus such as catalytic converter used in exhaust system of motor vehicle and as modifier for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since the cylindrical drum had processed necked portions at both edges, the buffer and the honey comb structure are held reliably in the cylindrical drum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the honey comb structure incorporated fluid processing apparatus manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front elevation of the fluid processing apparatus.    cylindrical drum (11)    neck portions (12,13)    taper portions (12b,13b)    neck units (12c,13c)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide is formed on an electrode by performing electrolytic oxidation of alloy containing metal selected from group containing zinc, aluminum, and zirconium. The metal oxide with higher energy level for conduction band, such as tin oxide and indium oxide is adsorbed to the oxide surface side of metal electrode.    USE - For manufacture of metal oxide composite electrode e.g. electrode for photoelectric cell, optoelectric transducer for copier.    ADVANTAGE - Enables obtaining transducer with high mechanical strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer; and    (2) photoelectric cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fragmentary sectional view of the optoelectric transducer.    conductive layer (10)    photosensitive layer (20)    electric charge carrying layer (30)    transparent counter-electrode conductive layer (40a)    transparent substrate (50a)
NOVELTY - The filler dispersed type resin sheet consists of an epoxy resin layer A (3) containing filler laminated on both surfaces with epoxy resin layer B (2,4) not containing filler. The epoxy resin layer A contains epoxy resin which has bisphenol S type structure as essential component.    USE - As substrate for image display device and solar cells (all claimed). The display device includes electroluminescence display and liquid crystal display.    ADVANTAGE - A lightweight filler dispersed type resin sheet having high strength, surface smoothness and curvature- and curl-proof property is provided. Productive efficiency of display device is improved, since there is no split of the substrate during conveyance of the device. The filler dispersed type resin sheet has small thickness and less weight compared to glass type substrate. The substrate is excellent in light transmittance, strength and has small coefficient of linear expansion. The sheet has gas barrier property, high impact strength, low moisture permeability, heat resistance and chemical resistance. Electrode formation and color filter formation on surface of the substrate is made easy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The epoxy resin layer A further contains cycloaliphatic epoxy resin and 10-70 vol% of filler. A hard coat layer (1) consisting of urethane type resin is laminated to the filler dispersed type resin sheet.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) substrate for image display device;    (2) image display device; and    (3) substrate for solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section model of the filler dispersed type resin sheet. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hard coat layer (1)    epoxy resin layer B (2,4)    epoxy resin layer A (3)
NOVELTY - A solar-cell cover has a surface layer portion containing a photocatalyst and a binder component. The photocatalyst has higher concentration towards the surface from internal side.    USE - For solar cell such as photodiode.    ADVANTAGE - The solar-cell cover has excellent antifouling property, durability and maintains property of the solar cell. The surface level portion of the cover has hydrophilicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photocatalyst-coated composition, which contains the photocatalyst and the binder, and forms the surface layer portion of solar-cell cover.
NOVELTY - Solid compositions comprising, wholly or partly, a mixed oxide containing zirconium, a rare earth and a metal other than zirconium and a rare earth, and the mixed oxyhydride derived from it.    USE - The compositions(I) can be used as catalysts in hydrogenation, dehydrogenation and/or isomerisation reactions. They also have the property of storage of large quantities of hydrogen and thus find applications as anode materials for electrochemical systems, particularly fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The ternary oxides based on zirconium as described have improved storage capacity for hydrogen, as hydride ions, compared to systems of storage based on metallic hydride alloys.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The solid composition conforms to the formula (I) :- TZraMbOx : - in which T is a rare earth of rare earth mixture ; a = 0.1 - 1 ; M is a metallic element. or mixture. differing from Zr and rare earths ; b = 0.01 - 5 ; and x = 2 - 11.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the preparation of the composition and oxyhydrides derived from the compositions.
NOVELTY - Use of an iron-chromium-aluminum alloy for components in Diesel engines and two-stroke engines. The alloy contains (in wt.%) 2.5-5.0 Al, 10-25 Cr, 0.05-0.8 Si, more than 0.01-0.1 Y, more than 0.01-0.1 Hf, more than 0.01-0.2 Zr and more than 0.01-0.2 Ce, La or Nd.    USE - For components in Diesel engines and two-stroke engines, for components in exhaust gas purification systems of fuel cells and for an injection wire for surface coatings of components used in Diesel engines or two-stroke engines (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The alloy has high oxidation resistance.
NOVELTY - A metal-organic framework comprises bifunctional metallic bridging groups and organic nodes having three or more points of connection, and cavities for containing storage gas molecules.    USE - For gas or fuel storage cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive metal-organic framework avoids the problems of high pressure, high density, and surface incompatibilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method for storing a gas comprising contacting the metal organic framework with the gas under conditions suitable for the gas to enter the cavities of the framework and be stored; and    (b) a method for preparing a metal-organic framework comprising reacting metallic bridging groups and organic nodes having three or more possible points of connection in a suitable solvent to provide the metal-organic framework.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the storage and release of a gas (e.g. hydrogen) through dissociation and re-association of the atoms of the molecule.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen operated power system comprises a pump (32) in the supply system, which is driven by a sensorless motor (34). The sensorless motor detects at least a rotational position of the motor. The supply system, supplies a gaseous fuel from a fuel supply tank (24) to a fuel cell (22).    USE - For generating power in a hydrogen operated power system e.g. hydrogen engine.    ADVANTAGE - The power system prevents the system operation interference due to sensor deterioration. The hydrogen operated power system determines for an abnormality in the supply and circulation system quickly at system startup.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram showing the configuration of fuel cell system.    fuel cell system (20)    fuel cell (22)    fuel supply tank (24)    pump (32)    sensorless motor. (34)
NOVELTY - Reforming fuels into hydrogen involves passing a fuel comprising at least about 1 (at least 35) ppm by wt. of sulfur over a platinum catalyst. The catalyst is disposed on a monolith.    USE - For reforming of fuels e.g. California Phase II gasoline used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method reforms the fuel to hydrogen at a hydrogen productivity rate that decreases by less than 1 (preferably less than 0.5)%/hour of operation. The method reforms gasoline to hydrogen at more than 70 or 80% production efficiency. The monolith has higher open surface area/unit volume, lower diffusion distance, reduced pressure drop, better heat transfer, lower cost, improved mechanical strength and toughness and better thermal shock resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a system comprising a catalyst in fluid communication with a fuel cell membrane; and    (2) production of a catalyst.
NOVELTY - An ion conducting oxide layer having thickness of 350 nm and less comprises dislocation with density of 1010 cm/cm3. The dislocations are continuously extending between a top surface and a bottom surface of the layer. The layer has high ionic conductivity at 200degreesC.    USE - As electrolyte membrane of a fuel cell and gas sensor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - It provides high power density/efficiency fuel cells and high-sensitive gas sensors due to high ionic conductivity. The low temperature operation solves the problem caused by difference of thermal expansion coefficient between electrode and electrolyte material, and also enables free device design by enlarged availability of materials including metals and polymers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fabrication of ion conducting oxide layer; and    (2) a fuel cell comprising an oxide electrolyte membrane.
NOVELTY - Coating liquid for semiconductor film formation comprises 100 weight parts of a powder of a metal oxide semiconductor of average particle diameter 10-500nm and 30-2000 weight parts alkylene glycol, polyalkylene glycol or their alkyl ethers as a dispersant.    USE - Used as a coating liquid for semiconductor film formation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid can maintain appropriate viscosity at the time of forming a semiconductor film. The semiconductor film has excellent uniformity, adherence, porosity etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) The manufacture of a semiconductor film by forming a thin film using the coating liquid and firing;    (2) A solar cell using the semiconductor film as a photoelectric conversion layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a solar cell.    Semiconductor electrode (1)    Platinum electrode (2)    Electrolyte layer (3)    Conductor film (4)    Transparent substrate (5)    Conductive substrate (6)
NOVELTY - The resin sheets (12,10) are arranged between transparent panel (2) and solar cells (4), and back panel (3) and solar cells, respectively. The seal resin components having thickness greater than the solar cells are sandwiched between the resin sheets, such that air between transparent panel and back panel is discharged, and the resin is heated so as to melt and seal the battery module.    USE - For manufacturing solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents damage of the solar cells, by sealing the cells using resin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the solar battery module.    transparent panel (2)    back panel (3)    solar cells (4)    conductor (8)    resin sheets (10,12)
NOVELTY - An end plate (102, 104) for an electrochemical cell, comprises a metal plate having a manifold region with a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid through it; and a corrosion resistant coating applied to at least a portion of the manifold region including the connection port that prevents leakage and destruction of the electrochemical cell.    USE - For an electrochemical cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The end plate has a corrosion resistant coating that prevents leakage and destruction of the electrochemical cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of producing an end plate for an electrochemical cell, comprising providing a metal plate having a manifold region with a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid through it; and applying a corrosion resistant coating to at least a portion of the manifold region including the connection port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded view of a fuel cell stack.    End plate (102, 104)    Anode flow plate (120)    Membrane electrode assembly (124)    Cathode flow field plate (130)
NOVELTY - Platinum based metal catalyst nano-particles contain platinum, and an ad-metal or an ad-metal oxide from ruthenium, rhenium, iridium, osmium, tin, antimony, gold, tungsten oxides, or molybdenum oxides. They have a controlled particle size in the nano-size range of 0.8-10 nm and selected atomic percentage ratios.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides a rapid, economic and simple synthesis route for platinum based e.g. platinum-ruthenium nano-particle catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Platinum based metal catalyst nano-particles of structural formula PtX contain platinum; and an ad-metal or an ad-metal oxide from ruthenium, rhenium, iridium, osmium, tin, antimony, gold, tungsten oxides, or molybdenum oxide. They have a controlled particle size in the nano-size range of 0.8-10 nm and selected atomic Pt:X percentage ratios.    X = the ad-metal or the ad-metal oxide as above.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process of making the platinum based metal catalyst nano-particles, comprising providing metal precursors including platinum (Pt) and X ions; adding the metal precursors to a pH adjusted to basic, solution of ethylene glycol which is used simultaneously as solvent, reducing agent and catalyst particle stabilizer, to form a colloidal solution; and reacting at elevated temperature to provide a reduction reaction of the metal precursors to the metal and formation of the Pt based catalyst nano-particles.
NOVELTY - Preparation of non-pyrophoric catalyst involves coextruding a mixture of copper and alumina precursors, drying the coextrudate and calcining the dried coextrudate at a temperature of at least 600 degrees C. The catalyst contains a copper component (2 - 20 wt.%) with at least 50 wt.% of the copper component in the form of a copper oxide, aluminum oxide-spinel.    USE - For preparation of non-pyrophoric copper-alumina catalyst, to produce hydrogen by reaction of carbon monoxide and water, and in generating hydrogen for gas streams supplied to fuel cells and in fuel processors.    ADVANTAGE - The novel catalyst is durable, resistant to low temperature and high steam environments that often occur as a result of variable power demands, such as in vehicular or residual settings, less prone to deactivation due to exposure, and effectively promotes water-gas shift reaction. The non-pyrophoric nature of the catalyst improves the overall convenience of handling. The resistance of the catalyst to conditions that more rapidly degrade the activity of conventional copper-based water-gas shift catalysts improves the operational lifetime of the catalyst and decreases the frequency of catalyst replacement. The improvements in the non-pyrophoric properties and durability of the catalyst are not achieved at the expense of poor water-gas shift catalytic activity and the catalyst is therefore desirable for replacement of conventional copper-based catalyst in low temperature water-gas shift stage of fuel cell processor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) A method of activating the above catalyst using a dry gas stream of hydrogen and/or carbon monoxide; and    (2) A method of regenerating deactivated catalyst with a reducing gas stream.
NOVELTY - A solar cell (1) comprises a high transition temperature (Tc) superconductor (2) and a semiconductor (3) to form a Schottky barrier.    USE - For absorbing light and producing electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is of low cost and potentially has much higher solar energy conversion efficiency than conventional solar cells due to the strong and very wide absorption range of light frequencies. The light detector has much higher detection sensitivity than conventional light detector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a light detector comprising a high Tc superconductor and a semiconductor to form a Schottky barrier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Solar cell (1)    Superconductor (2)    Semiconductor (3)    Metal ohmic contact (4)    Load (5)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is generated by reacting alkali metal borohydride with hydrated alkali metal borate. The borate has sufficient water for complete hydrolysis of borohydride to molecular hydrogen. The alkali metal is lithium or sodium.    USE - Generating hydrogen used to power a hydrogen-consuming device, e.g. engine or fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system is cost effective, efficient, and highly desirable for easy use and maintenance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a composition for generating hydrogen gas comprising lithium and/or sodium borohydride particles, and hydrated lithium and/or sodium borate particles.
NOVELTY - An electroconductive spongy foam-metal structure is bonded to electroconductive separator and fuel cell electrode, for supplying heating gas and oxidizing gas.    USE - Fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The heating gas and oxidizing gas are supplied uniformly through electroconductive foam-metal to an electrode without reducing the electric function. Electric power generation efficiency is improved.
NOVELTY - A transmissive layer (24), an intermediate layer (28) and a support layer (26) are sequentially formed, and the portion of support layer is etched to form an aperture on the support layer.    USE - For manufacturing aperture laminate structure used in hydrogen separation component for modifier used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to manufacture aperture laminate structure without any influence of forming any pin hole on the transmissive layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen separation component manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view illustrating the manufacturing process of the aperture laminate structure.    Transmissive layer (24)    Support layer (26)    Intermediate layer (28)    Aperture laminate structure (31)
NOVELTY - A non-polar inner resin case (3) is inserted into non-polar peripheral resin case (2) so that the engaging surfaces (200,300) of respective cases oppose each other through O-ring (5). The fitting hole (21) and fitting nail (31) provided in respective engaging surfaces are detachably fitted. A region having fitting hole, nail and O-ring is covered by a case (2) and a cylinder (6) with higher rigidity higher than the cases.    USE - Ion exchange resin unit used for cooling circuit of fuel cell system in motor vehicle engine and for use in water purifier.    ADVANTAGE - Sealing property of the unit is increased along with bond strength of the case. Ion exchange unit with light weight is realized.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the ion exchange resin unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Peripheral case (2)    Inner case (3)    O-ring (5)    Fitting hole (21)    Nail (31)    Engaging surfaces (200,300)
NOVELTY - A glassy-carbon base plate with smooth, corrugated or curved surface, has several column shaped portions arranged at an interval of 150-400 nm. The mean diameter and average length of the column-shaped portions, are 150-400 nm and 300-2000 nm, respectively.    USE - Fine patterned surface structure of glassy-carbon base plate e.g. display panel, lens, glasses and components of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A base plate with fine pattern, is formed using a simple method    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) manufacturing method of glassy-carbon base plate with fine patterned surface structure, involves obtaining column-shaped portions of specific size, by dry etching processing of the base plate using plasma produced by reactive gas consisting of oxygen, argon, nitrogen and fluoride of carbon, carbon-hydrogen and sulfur; and    (b) transfer method of fine pattern on plate surface which involves transferring fine pattern on glass, metal or polymeric resin plate.
NOVELTY - Light-receiving-surface lateral electrode (17) is formed on an antireflective coating (14) and is directly connected to a N-type diffused layer (13). The electrode is formed by covering the circumference of copper wire with the electroconductive material like silver.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The lateral electrode with high aspect ratio is formed, hence photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top and sectional views of the solar cell.    solar cell (11)    N-type diffused layer (13)    antireflective coating (14)    lateral electrode (17)
NOVELTY - A coating liquid (13) is applied to a predetermined area of a semiconductor-substrate surface to form a mask (14). The substrate surface is etched using the mask by inkjet method.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell having high efficiency is achieved at increased manufacturing yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell during manufacture.    semiconductor substrate (1)    inkjet nozzle (12)    coating liquid (13)    mask (14)    fine corrugated structure (15)
NOVELTY - A firing furnace (1) includes a bell jar (9) made of quartz glass that accommodates a pot (8) containing grain-shaped silicon (7). A nitridation film or oxynitride film is formed on the surface of the bell jar and pot.    USE - For manufacturing grain-shaped silicon crystal, for use in solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Contamination of bell jar or pot by heavy metal is prevented, and hence the efficiency and reliability of the apparatus are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a grain-shaped silicon crystal manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above grain-shaped silicon crystal manufacturing apparatus.    firing furnace (1)    heat generator (2)    grain-shaped silicon (7)    pot (8)    bell jar (9)
NOVELTY - The ratio of distance (A) between inner wall of a reaction chamber and a high frequency electrode (d1) and distance (D) between the high frequency electrode and a ground electrode (d2), is set to be equal to or less than 1. The pressure in the chamber is set to 130-400Pa. Voltage with frequency of 13-60MHz is applied to the high frequency electrode.    USE - For manufacturing thin-film solar cell attached to roof of house and industry.    ADVANTAGE - Restrains the influence of the ion damage and improves the property of the solar cell. Improves the productivity of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of the film formation chamber.    high frequency electrode (d1)    ground electrode (d2)    electroconductive region (d3)
NOVELTY - A new onium salt (I) contains monovalent perfluoro hydrocarbon group, halogen atom, and organic onium ion, phosphonium ion or sulfonium ion having aromatic heterocyclic ring.    USE - In non-aqueous electrolyte for electrochemical device (both claimed) such as primary or secondary lithium cell, pigment sensitizing type solar cell, electrical double layer capacitor and display device.    ADVANTAGE - The onium salt has excellent electrochemical oxidation resistance, electrochemical stability and electrical conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The novel onium salt has formula (I).    (Rf1)aX4-aB- Z+ (I)    Rf1 = monovalent perfluoro hydrocarbon group;    X = halogen atom;    a = 1-3; and    Z+ = organic onium ion, phosphonium ion or sulfonium ion having aromatic heterocyclic ring.    When a is two or more, Rf1 may differ.
NOVELTY - The catalyst has 20-70 weight% of copper oxide, 10-60 weight% of zinc oxide, 1-50 weight% of zirconium oxide and aluminum oxide and 1-25 weight% of manganese oxide as essential component.    USE - For carbon monoxide (CO) shift reactions or water gas shift reactions to manufacture carbon dioxide and hydrogen used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Implements the carbon monoxide (CO) shift reaction, under low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) carbon monoxide shift reaction method; and    (2) carbon dioxide manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A support having supported a reduction promoter, is contacted with an alcohol aqueous solution having dissolved a specific platinum amine group complex and a ruthenium salt. The platinum ion and ruthenium ion in the alcohol aqueous solution are restored on the support. The support is heat-processed, to obtain platinum-ruthenium alloy supported catalyst.    USE - For manufacturing platinum-ruthenium alloy supported catalyst for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The platinum-ruthenium alloy supported catalyst having uniformly dispersed the fine alloy particle of platinum and ruthenium, is manufactured easily by the method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A support having supported a reduction promoter, is contacted with an alcohol aqueous solution having dissolved a specific platinum amine group complex and a ruthenium salt. The platinum ion and ruthenium ion in the alcohol aqueous solution are restored on the support. The support is heat-processed, to obtain platinum-ruthenium alloy supported catalyst. The platinum amine group complex is of formula: (Pt(NH3)x(NO2)yL)Az.    L = alkoxy, alkanoyl or alkanoyloxy group;    A = H, NO2 or NO3;    x = 0, 1 or 2;    y = 1, 2 or 3, the sum total of x and y is 3-5 and changes by electric charge of center metal (platinum); and    z = (y-1)-(y-3) and z changes by electric charge of center metal (platinum).
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether steam reforming catalyst is obtained by mixing 50 wt.% of a zeolite containing silicon and aluminum, into a precursor mixture containing copper and zinc. The zeolite is a MFI type zeolite. The molar ratio of silicon to aluminum in the MFI type zeolite is 100 or less. containing a gallium and silica,    USE - For steam reforming of dimethyl ether used in manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas (claimed), which is used in petroleum refining, desulfurization, metallurgy glass manufacture, and manufacture of semiconductors and organic compounds, and as hydrogenator in ammonia synthesis and raw material for fuel cells used as power source of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity and selectivity. The catalyst enables manufacture of mixed gas of high hydrogen concentration easily and economically using a small apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer has an anode (10) having an inorganic porous p-type semiconductor layer (4) which supports a pigment (7), and a cathode (20), which are separated by a solid electric-charge carrying layer (30) containing organic solid electron transporting material (40) containing at least one type of heterocyclic compound.    USE - Transducer with semiconductor electrode sensitized with pigment, for use in photoelectric cell of solar cell system used for electric-power generation, and photo sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of short circuit in the transducer, and provides the transducer having excellent light-energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) photoelectric cell using optoelectric transducer; and    (2) photo sensor using optoelectric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the transducer.    semiconductor layer (4)    pigment (7)    anode (10)    cathode (20)    charge carrying layer (30)    electron transporting material (40)
NOVELTY - A dopant liquid (2) containing a solvent of ethanol, diethylene glycol or isopropyl alcohol, and diethylene glycol, is applied on a board (1) by an inkjet method to produce a solar cell. The amount of diethylene glycol is 35-75 volume% w.r.t the solvent.    USE - Used for manufacturing a solar cell used for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The process produces a solar cell having good photoelectric conversion efficiency, efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of an inkjet-type coating device.    board (1)    dopant liquid (2)    application area (9)    board zipper (10)    inkjet head (11)
NOVELTY - A fuel supply pipe (46) connects the fuel exit side of a fuel system (41) and a fuel supply-side of a fuel modifier (42). The fuel in a hydrogen-rich gas is modified in the fuel modifier. A fuel treating equipment (A) for treating fuel from the fuel system to ionize sulfur compound and hydrocarbon compound using magnetic force.    USE - For use in electric-power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables ionization of the hydrocarbon and sulfur compound by using the magnetic field, due to electrical potential difference generation between the outer and the inner tubes and improves fuel modification.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A permanent magnet made of anisotropic magnetic element, is fixed to the inner face of a holding case. The fuel treating equipment has a pair of magnetic processing units connected to form a magnetic-induction closed circuit. A connecting pipe is made of non-magnetic material and is inserted into a joint of the holding case. The connecting pipe has outer and inner tubes made of non ferrous metal. The outer and inner tubes are connected to positive and negative terminals. A right-angled magnetic field is formed relative to the flow of fuel between the magnetic poles of anisotropic magnetic element so that magnetic field is applied to the fuel.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric-power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (40)    Fuel system (41)    Fuel modifier (42)    Fuel supply pipe (46)    Fuel treating equipment (A)
NOVELTY - The negative electrode terminal boards (3) are formed corresponding to the shape of the heat insulating material on heater outer surface or heater outer surface. The laminated bipolar electrodes comprising polymer electrolyte (7) interposed between lithium-transition-metal complex oxide made positive and negative electrodes (5,9) and the collectors (13) are arranged alternately between the negative electrode terminal boards.    USE - For use in electric vehicle, hybrid electric vehicle and fuel-cell vehicle in auto industry.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the battery output, as the electrolytic ionic conductivity increases. Prevents the wrinkles or crack formation on the heater, as the shape of the negative electrode terminal boards corresponds to heater shape.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the battery.    negative electrode terminal boards (3)    negative electrode (5)    polymer electrolyte (7)    positive electrode (9)    insulating layer (11)    collectors (13)
NOVELTY - The modified gas has carbon monoxide (CO) selectively oxidized to produce carbon dioxide and hydrogen, in presence of catalyst and oxygen. Electric energy is produced by supplying hydrogen and oxygen-containing gas to fuel cell. Water vapor supplied to the modification reaction performed by burning exhaust gas of cell, is heated by reaction heat of CO oxidation process and exhaust of modification process.    USE - For fuel cell of electric vehicle and also for fuel cell used in home and industry.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces size and fuel requirement of modification system and increases energy efficiency of the system, by using heat energy effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of modification system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification device (1)    hydrogen oxide removal device (2)    fuel cell stack (3)    hot water supply unit (4)    heat recovery device (5)
NOVELTY - A gas mixture containing water vapor and fuel is passed horizontally through a primary heat exchange portion (41) and preheated by modified gas. Then the gas mixture is passed vertically through a secondary heat exchange portion (42) in a direction opposite to that of modified gas flow direction, and heated. The heated gas mixture and reformed gas are supplied into modifier (30) and fuel cell, respectively.    USE - For reforming fuel, e.g. town gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) or kerosene, and supply it to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents application of thermal stress on the heat exchanger by preventing falling of water droplet in downward direction in heat exchanger, and hence durability of heat exchanger is improved. Temperature management of modified gas is performed reliably by passing it through the heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (30)    heat exchanger (40)    primary heat exchange portion (41)    secondary heat exchange portion (42)    evaporator (70)
NOVELTY - The grains (11, 12) of uniform size are added to pore making material such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) forming the base material. Electrode base material (10) contains air holes (13, 14) which is bake-processed.    USE - Electrode base material for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Base material with good gaseous state and large intensity is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrode base material manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of fuel cell.    Electrode base material for fuel cells (10)    Grains (11, 12)    Air holes (13, 14)    Electrolyte layer (20)    Cathode electrode (30)
NOVELTY - A protective coating layer covers a nitride semiconductor-layer surface except the exposed portion of an electrode surface. The coating layer comprises a primary inorganic insulating film (101), a metal layer (102) and a secondary insulating film (103) which are sequentially formed.    USE - Flip-chip type light emitting or light receiving element optical-semiconductor element e.g. flip-chip type LED for indicator, solar cell and printer head of light printer.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the light emission brightness using protective coating layer and the achieves optical semiconductor element with less short circuits and high reliability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the flip-chip type light emitting or receiving optical-semiconductor element.    optical-semiconductor element (100)    primary inorganic insulating film layer (101)    metal layer (102)    secondary inorganic insulating film layer (103)    transparent insulated substrate (104)
NOVELTY - A solution of monomer having radical-polymerizable reaction group(s), is impregnated into a polymer fine porous film, and excess adhering solution is removed. The porous film is irradiated with an ionizing radiation at 0 degrees C or less, and the monomer is graft-polymerized at the outer surface and pore inner surface of the polymer fine porous film. Thus, a surface-reformed polymer fine porous film is obtained.    USE - For manufacturing surface-reformed polymer fine porous film used in ion-exchange membranes, hydrophilic fine porous films, adsorption films, chelate films of various ions, films used in biotechnology, and films used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method easily provides surface-reformed polymer fine porous films having improved functionality. The entire outer surface and pore inner surface of the film is reformed completely.
NOVELTY - The terminal has base layer(s) (204) containing nickel, copper and/or silver, ruthenium layer (202) and platinum layer (203), sequentially formed on whole surface or portion of an electroconductive substrate (201). The ruthenium layer contains ruthenium alloy or ruthenium and the platinum layer contains platinum alloy or platinum.    USE - For e.g. connector terminal, relay terminal, slide-switch terminal and soldering terminal used in connector, relay, slide switch, resistor, capacitor, coil and substrate, used in semiconductor product, electric product, electronic item, solar cell and motor vehicle (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The terminal has excellent corrosion resistance, heat resistance, insertion-extraction property and high hardness. The relay terminal has excellent contact resistance and dissolubility-proof property, and provides components having high reliability. The platinum layer prevents abrasion resistance, peeling or elution and prevents generation of pin-hole.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electroconductive substrate is metal layer or an insulating substrate.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) components having the terminal; and    (2) products having the terminal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a outline sectional drawing of a terminal.    Electroconductive substrate (201)    Ruthenium layer (202)    Platinum layer (203)    Base layer (204)
NOVELTY - Basic module for a miniature fuel cell comprises a substrate (1) incorporating a relief and a stack of at least three layers on the relief, arranged one on the other to constitute an anode (11), an electrolyte (12) and a cathode (13) of the module. The substrate is a solid piece that is porous and permeable to gas, at least in the parts in contact with the anode.    USE - The basic module is applied for fuel cells with small dimensions and of medium power. In particular, it is used for microsystems making up the fuel cells for portable energy micro-sources. It can be applied to fuel cells with ion exchange membranes such as PEMFC (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells) operating with hydrogen/oxygen or with DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cells) operating with methanol/oxygen.    ADVANTAGE - Fabrication of the basic module is relatively simple and is easily reproduced. In particular, the substrate relief is readily produced by an electro-erosion process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The relief of the substrate may be made up of cones, tubes, spheres, parallelepipeds, cylinders or holes.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for the fabrication of this basic module for a miniature fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-section of a base module according to the invention.    Substrate (1)    Gas impermeable zone of substrate (2)    Gas permeable zone of substrate (3)    Upper surface of substrate (4)    Relief volumes (10)    Anode (11)    Electrolyte (12)    Cathode (13)
NOVELTY - A source of electrical energy incorporates a fuel cell (1) and at least one circulation channel (5a) including an inlet, connected to a source of reactive fluid, and an outlet to feed the fuel cell with reactive fluid and to evacuate the water produced in the fuel cell. It incorporates a reservoir (10) arranged at the outlet from the circulation channel and an inlet valve (11) arranged between the source of reactive fluid and the inlet to the circulation channel    USE - The invention is applied to low temperature fuel cells and more particularly to those of the PEMFC type but it can be applied to other type of fuel cell using pure reagents as the fuel or combustion agent. It is applicable for Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cells (PAFC) or Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides an energy source incorporating a fuel cell that is compact, robust and capable of evacuating the water from the fuel cell, without the external rejection of material from the electrical energy source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for controlling this energy source in which:    (a) the reservoir is filled with reactive fluid and the inlet valve is closed during a first predetermined time period;    (b) the inlet valve is opened during a second predetermined time period, to evacuate the water accumulated during the first time period, the second time period being significantly shorter then the first.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings illustrate schematically an energy source conforming to the invention, the inlet valve being respectively in the closed and opened positions.    Fuel cell (1)    Circulation channel (5a)    Energy source (9)    Reservoir (10)    Inlet valve (11)    Flow of reactive gas in first time period from reservoir (F1)    Flow of reactive gas in second time period to evacuate water and fill reservoir with reactive gas (F2)
NOVELTY - Process for operating post-combustion device comprises: acquiring combustion speed in combustion chamber (8) and/or in foam ceramic (4); recycling part of combustion gases to heat exchange channel which is thermally coupled to combustion chamber and/or the foam ceramic; and regulating amount of the recycled combustion gases by changing amount of the recycled combustion gases.    USE - For a chemical reformer for recovering hydrogen in the production of heat from fuel gases and/or residual gases from a reforming and/or fuel cell process.    ADVANTAGE - Additional sputtering devices are not required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a post combustion device used in the above process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the post combustion device in the region of the combustion chamber.    Nozzle (2)    Air feed (3)    Foam ceramic (4)    Combustion chamber (8)    Heat-conducting strips (23)
NOVELTY - Electric molybdenum contact layer contains embedded nitrogen as an additional component.    USE - For a thin layer solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The contact layer has high corrosion resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Thin layer solar cell comprising a substrate (2), a rear contact layer (1) made from an electric molybdenum contact layer on the substrate, and an absorber layer (8) formed on the rear contact layer; and    (2) Process for the production of the electric molybdenum contact layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the thin layer solar cell.    rear contact layer (1)    substrate (2)    absorber layer (8)    front contact layer (9)
NOVELTY - The end plate (1), for fuel cell systems, has a carrier (2) of an electrically conductive material, an electrode surface (3) for surface contact with an electrode (4) of the fuel cell, and an electrical line (5) to lead the output voltage from the end plate. The surface towards the electrode is coated at least partially with a material of a higher conductivity than the carrier material, linked to the output line. The carrier coating is applied by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD). The carrier is of graphite, conductive particles bonded in a polymer or a conductive polymer.    USE - The end plate is for use with fuel cell systems.    ADVANTAGE - The end plate is easily and inexpensively produced, without loss of power in use.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    end plate (1)    carrier material (2)    electrode surface (3)    electrode (4)    electrical output line (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises electrolyte membranes (1) laminated on each other interposed between electrodes (2) by the application of a clamping pressure. The electrolyte membrane comprises beads (11) for counteracting the clamping pressure.    USE - For use in portable power supply, power supply for electric car, or household co-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The creep resistance of the entire electrolyte membrane can be enhanced while maintaining the desired hydrogen ionic conductivity. The mixing of reactive gases on the anode side and the cathode side or minute short-circuiting of the two electrodes due to plastic deformation of electrolyte membrane can be prevented, making it possible to provide a polymer electrolyte membrane type fuel cell, which can make stable operation over an extended period. The performance deterioration or destruction of fuel cell caused by creep or stress relaxation in electrolyte can be inhibited.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of a fuel cell, comprising incorporating beads in the electrolyte membrane for counteracting clamping pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic longitudinal sectional view illustrating the configuration of MEA for solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cell.    Electrolyte membranes (1)    Electrodes (2)    Separators (3)    Compression (5)    Beads (11)
NOVELTY - A multi-phase ion conducting membrane comprises an insulating phase of amorphous diamond-like carbon nanocomposite phase incorporated into ion conducting phase to form a continuous and connected phase through the membrane.    USE - In fuel cells, primary and rechargeable batteries and other electrochemical devices such as electrochromic windows and displays and electrochemical sensors. These membranes can also be incorporated into microelectromechanical system based fuel cells and microbatteries.    ADVANTAGE - The membranes provide high ionic conductivity that is compatible with silicon microchip processing for the production of miniaturized batteries and fuel cells based on micro systems. The concentration of ion conducting material is sufficiently high to provide a continuous phase through the film, thereby providing a connected path for ion conductivity.
NOVELTY - The solid electrolyte membrane (E) comprises sheet silicate mineral which produces molecular sieve effect for target organic fuel (A) through density control and control of aqueous solution components, and supports a wide range of catalysts directly.    USE - Solid electrolyte membrane for use in electrochemical cell, direct ethanol fuel cell (DEFC), hydrogen fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables producing inexpensive fuel cell of high energy efficiency which enables use of fuel without the need to employ a reformer, permits increasing of operating temperature and attains improvement with respect to crossover phenomenon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for sheet silicate mineral.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel (A)    solid electrolyte membrane (E)    fuel electrode (F)    air electrode (G)    electrochemical cell (H)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (100) comprises three ejectors (5,7,9) with difference in specification connected in parallel between hydrogen storage unit (3) and fuel cell (1); and shut-off mechanisms (13,15,19,21,25,27) connected at ejectors. The ejectors allow excess hydrogen, discharged from fuel cell to pass through flow passage (37,39,41) to be recirculated to the fuel cell.    USE - To comply with increase in a hydrogen inlet port rate by recirculating hydrogen supply to the fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The system does not contain switch over mechanism and back-flow protection mechanism, which avoids the complexity in structure regardless of pressure, temperature, flow rate and stoichiometric ratio associated with hydrogen electrode of the fuel cell. The shut off mechanism selectively shuts off hydrogen communication through at least one of the three ejectors.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an ejector unit for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structural view of fuel cell system.    fuel cell (1)    hydrogen storage unit (3)    three ejectors (5,7,9)    shut off mechanism (13,15,19,21,25,27)    flow passage. (37,39,41)
NOVELTY - Silicon junctions comprises a doped layer and another layer deposited on it in a single chamber with an interface between them containing traces of oxygen or nitrogen to avoid contamination of deposited layer by doping agent. The interface is formed by dosing the reaction chamber with vapor or a gas e.g. water, methanol, another alcohol, ammonia, hydrazine or volatile organic amines.    USE - In solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the doping agent contamination even s while working with a single reactor. There is neither wasted pumping time nor loss of time due to transfer of the substrate out of the reactor for a cleaning step nor loss of time for reheating of the substrate which cooled down during the transfer. Moreover apart from simpler and faster processes the single chamber approach bears the potential of considerably simplified deposition system as compare to multi-chamber systems. It has to be noted that such methods allow to produce a complete solar cell in only 30 minutes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of producing the silicon junctions.
NOVELTY - A chemical reactor comprises a first reaction section having a first flow path and causing a first reaction in the flow path, a heating section for heating the first reaction section, and a second reaction section having a second flow path and causing a second reaction in the flow path by heat of the heating section transmitted via the first reaction section.    USE - For use in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The chemical reactor is simple, small and compact. The flow paths of the reactor allow different chemical reactions to take place so that chemical reactions are efficiently done continuously in the reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell system comprising a chemical reactor having at least two substrates laminated on each other, a first reaction section which has a first flow path between the substrates, a heating section, and a second reaction section which has a second flow path between the substrates. A second reaction in the second flow path is at a temperature lower than the temperature at which the first reaction is caused using the heating section. A fuel cell generates electricity with the use of a fuel reformed by the chemical reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a transmitted plan view of a part corresponding to a first substrate.    Substrate (12)    Vaporization reaction section (41)    Carbon monoxide elimination section (43)    Grooves (57-59)
NOVELTY - Colorant sensitizing solar battery comprises substrate of first support and first conductive layer, porous photo-electro transformation layer, carrier transport layer, second conductive layer and second support, wherein the porous photo-electro transformation layer has a facing surface having a length different from that of the surface in contact with the substrate.    USE - For solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The battery has high transformation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery module used for the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the product.    Support (1)    First conductive layer (2)    Porous photo-electro transformation layer (3)    Carrier transport layer (4)    Second conductive layer (5)
NOVELTY - Reactant supply cartridge comprises: first reactant reservoir; second reactant reservoir; and effluent reservoir. First and second reactant reservoirs occupy first and second volumes when filled with first and second reactants respectively. Effluent reservoir occupies, when filled with effluent produced by fuel cell system, portion of first and/or second volumes.    USE - For use with closed liquid feed fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The cartridge provides fuel cell systems with improved fuel and oxidant flow regimes. It enables better utilization of fuel cell system's supply or reactants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a closed liquid feed fuel cell system (312) comprising: housing structure that retains electrode pair assemblies, where each electrode pair assembly comprises anode with cathode, and detachable cartridge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a simplified process flow diagram of a closed liquid feed fuel cell system.    Closed liquid feed fuel cell system (312)
NOVELTY - The electronic energy generator that transfers metal to hydrogen gas which is converted to electronic energy has a removable cartridge (63) and multilevel chambers (67,68,69). The removable cartridge comprises aluminum, zinc, sodium and potassium.    USE - Electronic energy generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables transfer of metal to energy inexpensively, continuously and reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) removable cartridge;    (2) multilevel chambers;    (3) valves;    (4) outlet devices; and    (5) real time control method of generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the energy generator.    Cartridge (63)    Valve (65)    Chambers (67,68,69)
NOVELTY - A fuel feed unit comprises a pressure impulse injection device (5) and a fuel heater (6) for preheating the fuel before injection. An air-fuel vapor mixture formation area comprises a swirl chamber into which a nozzle (10) connected to the injection device, and discharges fuel vapor. An air feed path having an air heater (7) supplies air into the chamber.    USE - For forming mixture of air and vapor of fuel, such as petrol or diesel, for supply to reformer of fuel cell system, or for heater, such as auxiliary heater for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The novel unit forms a very homogeneous mixture, without the occurrence of carbonization, due to the combination of pressure impulse injection device, fuel heater and swirl chamber, Further, it is small and economical to build, and can be well modulated over a wide load range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above mixture formation unit, for the reformer of a fuel cell system.    mixture formation unit (1)    injection device (5)    fuel heater (6)    air heater (7)    nozzle (10)
NOVELTY - A silicon melt (12) disposed in a crucible (11) is separated, into several distinct melt sub-regions, by multiple meniscus shapers (19). Multiple pairs of equi-distant strings (15), emerging from melt sub-regions, which controls the width of a ribbon (17), are arranged at each end pair of the meniscus shapers. The strings are extended from the melt surface to form multiple discrete and flat silicon ribbons.    USE - For forming multiple silicon ribbons in single crucible used in silicon solar cell manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Efficient and inexpensive silicon solar cell is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) method for minimizing interference between adjacent ribbons; and    (b) multiple silicon ribbon formation apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of single-ribbon formation system.    crucible (11)    melt (12)    string (15)    silicon ribbon (17)    meniscus shapers (19)
NOVELTY - A proton conductive membrane comprises a layered clay mineral powder which is a cation exchanger or an anion exchanger, and a first crosslinking structure including a sulfate group.    USE - The invention is used for a proton-exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention has excellent gas-barrier property, and excellent proton conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A proton conductive membrane comprises a layered clay mineral powder which is a cation exchanger or an anion exchanger; and a first crosslinking structure including an OSO2O group which crosslinks particles of the layered clay mineral powder. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing a proton conductive membrane comprising preparing a spreading solution including a layered clay mineral powder; spreading the solution on a substrate such that a liquid membrane is formed; and removing a solvent for the liquid membrane by drying.
NOVELTY - Nitrogen and hydrogen are mixed and used as supply source of fuel cell oriented hydrogen. Hydrogen concentration is adjusted to 7-50% of full capacity in capacitance ratio, and then supplied to each hydrogen station with conduit (E). Hydrogen and nitrogen are separated, and filled in storage apparatus of movable type fuel cell (C). Thus, only hydrogen is stored and consumed for fuel cells.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to movable type fuel cell and stationary type fuel cell, and for construction of hydrogen station nationwide.    ADVANTAGE - The supply method of fuel cell oriented hydrogen is safe, without reducing transport efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a profile of a hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (6)    Heating gas supply factory (A)    Movable type fuel cell (C)    Stationary type fuel cell (D)    Fuel gas conduit (E)
NOVELTY - A guard plate (8) having incisions (8a) into which incision pieces (8b) are inserted, is provided between a modification-catalyst layer (3) of a modification-reaction unit (1) and a hydrogen separation membrane (6) of a hydrogen extraction unit (2). The guard plate is made of shape memory alloy.    USE - For performing modification-reaction of methanol to generate hydrogen for fuel cell system used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents adhesion of slurry onto the hydrogen separation membrane, while promoting the modification-reaction of the methanol, hence damage of the hydrogen separation membrane is avoided reliably, thereby separating hydrogen efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective views of the guard plate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification-reaction unit (1)    Hydrogen extraction unit (2)    Modification-catalyst layer (3)    Hydrogen separation membrane (6)    Guard plate (8)    Incisions (8a)    Incision pieces (8b)
NOVELTY - The dividing wall (1) is provided parallel to main flow paths (3a) formed between metal layers (6) formed on main surface (5a) of flat support (4). A transmissive fluid flow path (3c) is provided between metal layers, such that the dividing wall in flow path (3c) opposes another main surface (5b) of support. The fluid flowing from main flow path passes through metal layers and the flow path (3c).    USE - For separation of fluids such as waste gas, carbon dioxide from natural gas (methane), perfluoro carbon (PFC) in semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, noble gas recovery equipment used for exposure apparatus, and also in water treatment plant, desalination plant, foodstuff industry, medical device and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The flow of fluid through the transmissive fluid flow path and the mechanical strength of filter are increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid separation module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of fluid separation filter.    dividing wall (1)    main flow path (3a)    transmissive fluid flow path (3c)    flat support (4)    support main surfaces (5a,5b)    metal layer (6)
NOVELTY - The wafer has a surface (A) on which a reverse side electrode is formed, and is opposite side of a light-receiving surface. The surface (A) is convex surface before bake processing the electrode.    USE - For solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The wafer suppresses curvature during bake processing of metal paste, and prevents production of crack in module process. The wafer forms solar cell with excellent yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) wafer; and    (b) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of a substrate exhibiting spherical surface used for the manufacture of wafer.    curved surface portion of substrate (101)
NOVELTY - The filters (10,11) arranged in a pressure vessel (2) at predetermined intervals, include filtering portions (10a-10c,11a-11c) having different filtration precision. The conduction fins (12,16) heat or cool the hydrogen occlusion alloy (M) stored in container.    USE - For storing hydrogen occlusion alloy used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables rapid occlusion and rapid discharge of hydrogen. Prevents reduction of heat conductivity of hydrogen occlusion alloy. The life time of the pressure vessel is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An occlusion apparatus vibrates hydrogen occlusion alloy stored in central area of the container. The container has hydrogen inlet and outlet at lower and upper areas respectively.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen storage apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the seal container.    Pressure vessel (2)    Inlet (3)    Outlet (4)    Inlet filter (10)    Outlet filter (11)    Alloy side filters (10a,11a)    Central filters (10b,11b)
NOVELTY - The silicon raw material is supplied into an induction type smelting furnace (2) which is wound with induction coils (9) around the periphery. The temperature is maintained at 1500degreesC or more, when melting silicon raw material by plasma arc. The concentration of oxygen in the interior of the induction type smelting furnace is set in the range 5-15 vol%.    USE - For melting silicon raw material for producing high purity silicon used for making solar panels of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliable refining of silicon raw material by using induction type smelting furnace, without generation of oxide film. Enables protection of heat radiation from the silicon crucible and graphite crucible, due to provision of the refractories.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for high-purity-silicon melting apparatus which has a plasma torch (10) arranged in the upper portion of an opening of a silicon crucible (3). A graphite crucible (4) is arranged in the periphery of the silicon crucible and is formed with the slits (6) in the periphery. Several induction coils are arranged in the periphery of the graphite crucible and refractories (8) are arranged in the inner surface of the coils. A gas supply piping (16) supplies oxygen-containing gas inside an airtight container (15) which covers the upper direction of the opening of the silicon crucible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the melting apparatus.    induction type smelting furnace (2)    silicon crucible (3)    graphite crucible (4)    slits (6)    induction coils (9)    plasma torch (10)    airtight container (15)    gas supply piping (16)
NOVELTY - The amorphous silicon layer of thickness 1-10 nm is formed on a transparent electrically conductive film. The average thickness of the silicon oxide film in the amorphous silicon layer, is 0.1-2 nm.    USE - Photoelectric converter e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the permeability reduction of the transparent electrically conductive film and improves the boundary surface property of the transparent electrically conductive film. Hence photoelectric conversion efficiency is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacturing method of photoelectric converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph representing the quantum efficiency of the photoelectric converter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive layer (11b) formed on substrate (11a) is etched to form corrugation on its surface. The surface of the p-type silicon layer (12) which covers the transparent conductive layer is etched using etching liquid consists of acidity or alkaline solution. The shape of corrugation formed on the p-type silicon layer is maintained same as that of the transparent layer by etching.    USE - For manufacturing thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Manufacturers thin film solar cell of high photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the thin film solar cell.    substrate (11a)    transparent conductive layer (11b)    p-type silicon layer (12)    n-type silicon layer (14)    photoelectric conversion layer (17)
NOVELTY - A test chamber (15) which is provided on one surface of a proton conduction layer (1), includes an electrode (3). The electrode (5) and reference electrode (7) are provided on other surface of layer. A preset potential is maintained between electrode (3) and reference electrode. The concentration of carbon monoxide in measured gas supplied in test chamber, is measured based on voltage applied between electrodes.    USE - Gas sensor for measuring concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) in heating gas of solid polymer fuel cell and also for measuring concentration of hydrogen or sulfur containing substance in heating gas.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of CO in the to-be-measured gas is continuously measured without using the heater.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    proton conduction layer (1)    electrodes (3,5)    reference electrode (7)    test chamber (15)    limitation unit (21)
NOVELTY - A sputter electrode (4) has a center magnet (9) surrounded by peripheral magnets (10, 11), whose polarities are mutually reversed w.r.t the target (6). The stray magnetic field (M1) produced between the magnets (9, 10) is of lower strength than the field (M2) produced between magnets (10, 11), to cause larger sputter erosion of the target at the periphery than at the center portion.    USE - Used for producing a transparent electroconductive film used in e.g. LCDs, solar cells, touch panels or sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode produces electroconductive films having uniform or varying thickness efficiently by using stray magnetic fields of different strengths. Film forming quality is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) a transparent electroconductive film forming apparatus; and    (b) transparent electroconductive film formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the magnetron sputter electrode.    sputter electrode (4)    target (6)    magnets (9-11)    stray magnetic fields (M1,M2)
NOVELTY - A pump (P1) pumps the water from a water tank (2) to a cartridge (3) sealed with silicon powder (30) through a path (C1). A gas liquid separation apparatus (5) and a hydrogen permeable film (6) collect the hydrogen produced in the cartridge (3). A silicon oxide removal unit (F2) removes the silicon oxide produced in the cartridge.    USE - Hydrogen generator for motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is produced reliably and efficiently, without the need of special equipment. Energy consumption is reduced reliably, thereby cost reduction is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) motor vehicle; and    (2) cartridge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    water tank (2)    cartridge (3)    heat source (4)    gas liquid separation apparatus (5)    hydrogen permeable film (6)    silicon powder(C-1) path (30)    silicon oxide removal unit (F2)    pump (P1)
NOVELTY - The modified gas exchanges heat with gas mixture in a main heat exchanger (34), for heating water vapor and cooling gas to activating temperature of modification and reaction catalysts, respectively. Carbon monoxide and water vapor in modified gas, are converted into carbon dioxide and hydrogen gas, in a reactor (40). The remaining carbon monoxide is made to react with air, in presence of oxidizing catalyst.    USE - For modifying fuel and converting it into hydrogen gas to be used by fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Increases efficiency of the modifier, by utilizing the heat energy effectively. The temperature of oxidizing section is controlled correctly and the gas and gas mixture are maintained at required temperatures reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of modified gas is reduced to activating temperature of oxidizing catalyst, by an auxiliary heat exchanger (70) between an evaporator (35) and the main heat exchanger. A mixing unit (71) is arranged between the main and auxiliary heat exchangers. When the temperature of the reactor, measured by a detector (72), is lower than a low temperature threshold value, then modification water quantity is decreased. The amount of air supplied to the oxidizing section, is increased by a controller (73), when the temperature of the reactor, is higher than a high temperature threshold value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (10)    modifier (20)    modification section (30)    main heat exchanger (34)    evaporator (35)    combustor (36)    reactor (40)    oxidizing section (60)    auxiliary heat exchanger (70)    mixing unit (71)    detector (72)    controller (73)
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer has metal oxide semiconductor (14) containing 0.1-50 at.% of hydrogen.    USE - Used as light receiving element, in solar cell, display device and as ultraviolet radiation detector for window glass of building and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer has favorable transparency, safety, excellent aging stability and environmental resistance. The optoelectric transducer provides solar cell with high efficiency. The transducer is obtained economically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the rough section of an optoelectric transducer.    Transparent electrode substrate (10)    Photoconductive layer (12)    Metal oxide semiconductor (14)    Transparent electrode (16)    Nitride type compound semiconductor (18)
NOVELTY - A dummy board (10) with slits (11) extending deeply towards center from peripheral edge has bending prevention frame (12) to connect the segments divided by the slit and prevent offset in thickness direction of the board.    USE - Forming amorphous silicon film of solar cell in vacuum processing apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The provision of bending prevention frame prevents the possibility of damage to a horizontal roller which conveys the board.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vacuum processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a principal portion perspective view of dummy board. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Dummy board (10)    Slits (11)    Bending prevention frame (12)    Center of frame (12a)    Frame edge (12b)    Connection portion (12c)    Through hole (13)
NOVELTY - A thin film optoelectric transducer (20) includes semiconductor layers (21-23) and a conductive layer (30) formed sequentially on a substrate (11). A thin film optoelectric transducer (70) includes semiconductor layers (71-73). A contact layer (90) including a gas layer (92) for heat insulation and a transparent resin layer (91) is formed between the thin film optoelectric transducers.    USE - Thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the need for diffusion restriction film and improves the conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of the thin film solar cell.    Substrate (11)    Thin film optoelectric transducers (20,70)    Semiconductor layers (21-23, 71-73)    Conductive layer (30)    Contact layer (90)    Transparent resin layer (91)    Gas layer (92)
NOVELTY - A liquid hydrogen production raw material (53) containing liquid organic material and water (59), is supplied to arc (57) generated between cathode (54) and anode (55). Energy produced is used for vaporizing organic material and water. The vaporized gas reacts in hot plasma (56) and gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is obtained.    USE - For manufacture of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide, used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A safe and convenient method for manufacture of high concentration hydrogen gas rapidly and efficiently, is provided. Need for separate storage unit for the manufacture hydrogen, is avoided. The apparatus is compact and lightweight. Plasma is stably supplied and vaporization of organic material and water is efficiently carried out. Production of soot or wax-like substance by plasma reaction is avoided. High industrial usage is offered.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for apparatus for manufacture of gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide. The apparatus comprises direct current plasma torch which consists of nozzle-like anode, rod-like cathode and container for holding the raw material. Flow path guides the vaporized gas into discharge portion and gas is removed through the outlet hole.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of plasma apparatus used for manufacture of high concentration hydrogen gas, using water-soluble organic material.    raw material (53)    cathode (54)    anode (55)    hot plasma (56)    arc (57)    liquid flow (58)    water and liquid organic compound (59)
NOVELTY - A metal film (12) containing metal catalyst which has higher reactivity than reactivity of gold film, contacts exposed portion of metallic substrate (13).    USE - For fuel cell such as solid polymeric type fuel cell, phosphoric acid type fuel cell, molten carbonate type fuel cell for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The corrosion resistance characteristics of the metallic component is improved. The metallic component is manufactured easily at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell; and    (2) metallic component manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of metallic component.    separator (10)    platinum film (12)    metallic substrate (13)    projection (14)    end surface (16)
NOVELTY - A module (10) for a fuel cell array comprises at least two plates (7, 8) and a seal (9) comprising a polymer material. The seal is common to the plates. The plates are at least partially connected to one another by the seal.    USE - Fuel cell array.    ADVANTAGE - Provides low production costs of a fuel cell array and ensures reliable seal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing a module for a fuel cell array comprising inserting at least two plates at least zonally in to a mold. A polymer sealing material is fed into the mold so that the sealing material attaches to the plates.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a fuel cell array in a section of the module.    Shafts (1)    Plates (7, 8)    Seal (9)    Module (10)
NOVELTY - The suppression, with the aid of a radiation laser beam, of the defects at the heart of a laminated device formed from first and second substrates incorporating an active intelligent system consists of: (a) locating at least one defect in the heart of the active system; (b) ablation of the defect consisting of circumscribing it using the laser beam.    USE - The method is used for the suppression of point or pinhole defects present in an electrochemical device, notably a glazed electro-control system with variable optical and/or energy properties, or a photovoltaic device or at the heart of an electroluminescent device. It is particularly aimed for intelligent windows designed to adapt themselves to the needs of their users, for controlling the solar contribution through exterior mounted windows in buildings or motor, train or aircraft vehicles to limit excessive heating inside the rooms/cockpits from strong sunlight.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows the repair of these laminated electrochemical devices to restore them to their original state and also improves quality during their initial fabrication.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a window incorporating an electrochemical device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates a defect able to be suppressed by the method.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises a cooling unit (14) and a heating unit (16) integrated in a fuel cell unit (12).    USE - For a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature within the fuel cell system can be easily controlled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    fuel cell unit (12)    cooling unit (14)    heating unit (16)    oxygen feeding unit (38)    control or regulating unit (52)
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline silicon substrate for a solar cell formed by growing a high purity polycrystalline silicon layer on a base obtained by slicing a polycrystalline silicon ingot obtained by melting metallurgical grade silicon and performing one-direction solidification. The one-direction solidification is performed on a melt prepared by adding 2x10 Power 18 - 5x10 Power 19/cm3 boron to molten metallurgical grade silicon to produce a polycrystalline silicon ingot.    USE - The invention is used for a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention is inexpensive and hardly suffers a restriction of silicon resources in its production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a polycrystalline silicon ingot producing apparatus.    Crucible (201)    Heater (202)    Support (204)    Solidified portion (205)    Molten portion (206)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of high purity polycrystalline silicon comprises performing a vapor phase reaction of silicon tetrachloride and zinc in a reaction furnace. A silicon seed crystal is introduced into a reaction furnace maintained at an internal temperature of at least 910 degreesC so silicon is deposited on the seed crystal.    USE - The silicon is used in the production of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - High purity silicon is produced with high reaction efficiency, and mixing of impurities is controlled to a minimum. Contact of the silicon with atmospheric air during the reaction is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a silicon manufacture device which has an inlet of reaction gas in a reaction furnace comprising a reaction furnace part and a silicon storage part, and an outlet of zinc chloride gas, a heat conductive trap which has a heating structure which collects solid or liquid silicon and transports the trap during supply of reaction gas or after stopping the supply to a silicon storage part where the silicon is made a liquid by heating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 is a flow chart showing the manufacture process of silicon.    Metal silicon storage tank (11)    Silicon chlorination and silicon tetrachloride purification tank (12)    Zinc chloride electrolysis tank (13)    Zinc vaporizer (14)    Piping (15)    Compressor (16)    Fluidized bed reactor (17)    Removal tank (18)    Product tank (19)    Cooler (20)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell system comprises fuel cell and hydrogen gas supply portion (200) supplying fuel cell with hydrogen gas. Hydrogen gas supply portion has odorant treatment portion treating odorant in mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant. Odorant treatment portion has function of supplying fuel cell with hydrogen gas by capturing odorant in mixed gas and function of recovering its capturing capacity by decomposing captured odorant.    USE - For removing odorant from mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant.    ADVANTAGE - The invention makes it possible to omit replacement of odorant removal portion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a hydrogen gas supply unit comprising odorant treatment portion treating an odorant in a mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant;and    (2) controlling the fuel cell system comprises supplying odorant removal portion with mixed gas containing hydrogen gas and odorant, causing the odorant removal portion to capture the odorant contained in the mixed gas, and supplying the fuel cell with the remaining hydrogen gas, determining whether or not an estimated amount of the odorant captured by the odorant removal portion is at least a predetermined amount, and decomposing the odorant captured by the odorant removal portion if it is determined that the estimated amount of the captured odorant is at least the predetermined amount.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view showing an overall construction of fuel cell system.    Hydrogen gas supply portion (200)    Fuel gas passage (201)    Oxidative gas supply portion (300)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises fuel cell, a fuel gas passage (201) through which a fuel gas containing an odorant and hydrogen gas flows, an oxidative gas passage (301) through which an oxidative gas flows, a fuel off gas passage (202) through which a fuel off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows, an oxidative off gas passage (302) through which an oxidative off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows, and an odorant removal portion.    USE - The invention is used for generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The invention enlarges a range in which leakage of hydrogen gas can be sensed in the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell; a fuel gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which a fuel gas containing an odorant and hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel cell flows; an oxidative gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which an oxidative gas supplied to the fuel cell flows; a fuel off gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which a fuel off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows; an oxidative off gas passage connected to the fuel cell and through which an oxidative off gas discharged from the fuel cell flows; and an odorant removal portion which removes the odorant from the fuel gas after introduction of the fuel as into the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fuel cell system.    Passage (121, 122)    Fuel gas passage (201)    Fuel off gas passage (202)    Oxidative gas passage (301)    Oxidative off gas passage (302)
NOVELTY - Making a solar cell involves depositing a conductive film having discrete layers of conductive materials on a surface of a substrate, depositing p-type semiconductor absorber layer(s) having a copper indium diselenide based alloy material on the film, depositing an n-type semiconductor layer on the absorber layer to form a p-n junction, and depositing a transparent electrically conductive top contact layer on the n-type semiconductor layer.    USE - The method is used for the manufacture of a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention improves the large-scale manufacturability of thin-film solar cells to reduce their costs and make them competitive with conventional sources of electrical power generation. It increases the deposition area over which the required properties of the material can be achieved and controlled. It provides improvements to the back contact/reflecting layer and the elimination of cadmium from the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vacuum sputtering apparatus comprising an input module for paying out substrate material from a roll of the substrate material, at least one process module for receiving the substrate material from the input module, and an output module for receiving the substrate material from the process module. The process module includes a rotatable coating drum around which the substrate material extends, a heater array for heating the coating drum, and at least one sputtering magnetron having a magnetron housing and conductive sputtering targets disposed in the magnetron housing and facing the coating drum for sputtering material onto the substrate material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the computed reflection in air of metals commonly considered useful as solar cell back contact layers.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for controlling the concentration of fuel of a fuel cell is provided, to improve the efficiency of a fuel cell and to reduce the consumption amount of water by applying the separated water as humidification water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a fuel electrode stack comprising a fuel electrode, an air electrode and an electrolyte membrane; a fuel supply part comprising a fuel supply pipe and a fuel pump; and an air supply part. The apparatus comprises a fuel tank(120) which is set at the middle of the fuel supply pipe and stores fuel temporarily; and a semipermeable membrane(121) which is set horizontally inside the fuel tank and separates water from the fuel in ionic aqueous solution. The fuel tank has independent entrance(122a) and exit(122b) connected with the fuel supply pipe with a center of the semipermeable membrane, and a drain hole(122c) which is set at the other side of the tank and drains the water separated from fuel.
NOVELTY - A cooling/humidifying apparatus for a fuel cell is provided, to allow a generator to be cooled and humidified simultaneously without an additional humidifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a generator(101); a fuel tank(102); a fuel supply line(103) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode entrance of the generator to supply fuel to the generator; a fuel collection line(104) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode exit of the generator to collect the fuel after the reaction at the generator; an air supply line(107) connected with the cathode entrance of the generator to supply air to the generator; and an air discharge line(108) connected with the cathode exit of the generator to discharge the air after the reaction at the generator. The cooling/humidifying apparatus comprises a cooling bath(112) for storing the water cooling the generator; an outer air supply pipe(113) where the air supply line supplied the external air to the cooling bath; and a humidified air supply pipe(114) for supplying the bubbles generated at the heated water to a cathode when the generator is cooled by the air supplied through the outer air supply pipe. Preferably the fuel is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A fuel tank structure of a fuel cell is provided, to maintain the performance to be constant with that of initial operation by allowing the fuel heated to a certain temperature to be supplied to a generator without setting an additional heater.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell comprises a generator; a fuel tank; a fuel supply line(103) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode entrance of the generator to supply fuel to the generator; a fuel collection line(104) whose both ends are connected with the fuel tank and the anode exit of the generator to collect the fuel after the reaction at the generator; an air supply line(107) connected with the cathode entrance of the generator to supply air to the generator; and an air discharge line(108) connected with the cathode exit of the generator to discharge the air after the reaction at the generator. The fuel tank comprises a water tank(111); a powder tank(112) for storing a powdered fuel; and a mixing tank(113) where the water and the powdered fuel are supplied and mixed just before the electricity is generated at a generator to be supplied to the generator in the heated state. Preferably the powdered fuel is NaOH + NaBH4.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for informing the fuel tank exchange time of a fuel cell is provided, to allow the concentration of fuel to be maintained constantly for preventing the deterioration of the efficiency of fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The apparatus comprises a fuel cell stack(10) comprising a fuel electrode(13), an air electrode(14) and an electrolyte membrane(12) between the two electrodes; a fuel supply part comprising a fuel supply pipe(21) connected in closed loop-like shape for circulating and supplying fuel to the fuel electrode, a detachable fuel tank(22) charged with BH4 in aqueous solution state set in the middle of the fuel supply pipe, a fuel pump(23) for pumping the fuel set the exit part of the fuel tank, and a fuel concentration detector(100); and an air supply part connected with he air electrode for supplying air. Preferably the fuel concentration detector is an electric conductivity sensor for detecting the electric conductivity of fuel and calculating the concentration from the electric conductivity.
NOVELTY - The gaseous diffusion layers (5,6) and gas separation board (15,16) are arranged sequentially on both surfaces of a water permeable film (2). The reactive gas e.g. heating gas (14) and oxidizing agent gas (13) are supplied to one of the gaseous diffusion layers. The moisture content of gas supplied to the other gaseous diffusion layer, is supplied to the reactive gas through water permeable film.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the humidification property and productivity by simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the film humidifier.    film humidifier (1)    water permeable film (2)    gaseous diffusion layers (5,6)    oxidizing-agent gas (13)    heating gas (14)    gas separation boards (15,16)
NOVELTY - A piece of charcoal is stored as a hydrogen storage material (7) in an airtight container. Hydrogen is made to adsorb, in the storage of hydrogen. The charcoal is obtained by carbonizing the bamboo subfamily plant.    USE - For storing hydrogen used as energy source, such as fuel for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The storage of hydrogen is safe and economical using the storage apparatus. The hydrogen storage apparatus is safe to handle and economical and has excellent conveyance property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen storage apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen storage apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen storage material (7)    Hydrogen storage container (10)    Bamboo charcoal block (20)    Macropore (21)    Micropore (22)
NOVELTY - The method involves substituting inert gas supply instead of water vapor supply, to a modification unit (1), when the detected temperature of the modification unit reduces to dew formation temperature. A control unit (14) stops supply of source gas to a mixing unit (50) based on the stop signal of a fuel cell.    USE - For shutdown of steam reforming system used for producing hydrogen rich reformed gas used for fuel cell mounted in vehicle, house.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of inert gas instead of water vapor during reduction of dew temperature of the modification unit, the consumption of inert gas during stopping is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature and pressure of the modification unit, are detected by the temperature detector (42) and a pressure detector (43), respectively. The mixture of water vapor and raw material, is heated in the modification unit, to produce reformed gas. The control unit stops supply of oxygen during stopping of heating process of modification unit. The water vapor generation unit (2) has main suction unit (6) to suck fuel and produce air-fuel mixture which is burned in a combustion portion (2a). The mixing unit is provided with a sub-suction unit (4) to suck source gas and produce raw material and water vapor mixture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of the shutdown method of steam reforming system.    modification unit (1)    water vapor generation unit (2)    combustion portion (2a)    sub-suction unit (4)    main suction unit (6)    control unit (14)    temperature detector (42)    pressure detector (43)    mixing unit (50)
NOVELTY - High and low pressure hydrogen lines (2,3) are connected between the heat recovery and heat use containers (1A,1B), (4A,4B) packed with hydrogen occlusion alloy of differing equilibrium. A fuel cell generates electric power by the hydrogen released from the heat recovery container. Respective cooling units cools the containers.    USE - Multifuntional hydrogen infrastructure with hydrogen occlusion alloy, for conveying hydrogen as fuel for fuel cell and for conveying energy.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is supplied to the whole stack of the fuel cell, uniformly and increases the lifetime of the fuel cell stack. The amount of hydrogen in the infrastructure is maintained due to the containers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hydrogen is returned to the heat recovery container from the heat use container. The hydrogen occlusion alloy of the heat use container, has higher equilibrium pressure than the alloy in the heat use container. The equilibrium pressure of the hydrogen alloy in the heat recovery container is 0.5 MPaG or more at the time of heat recovery. When pressure of the high pressure hydrogen line is beyond the upper limit, heating of the alloy in the container (1B) is stopped. When the pressure in the high pressure line is below lower limit, the heat recovery container is stopped. Hydrogen is replenished when the pressure low pressure line is below minimum value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the multifunctional hydrogen infrastructure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat recovery containers (1A,1B)    heat use containers (4A,4B)    high and low pressure hydrogen lines (2,3)    fuel cell power generation unit (5)
NOVELTY - An aggregate (H1) is formed by aggregation of molecule or atom. The space between molecule or atom in aggregate is temporarily enlarged, and space is filled by gas (G) of occluding material, by adding external energy in the atmosphere, to enable gas occlusion.    USE - For occluding gas, especially hydrogen    ADVANTAGE - The gas occlusion and detachment are simple and stable. The aggregate efficiently absorbs gas particle to the space, and gas occlusion ability is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) gas detachment method which involves reducing pressure of gas of aggregate, enlarging space filled with aggregate containing gas, and detaching gas from space;    (2) gas occlusion detachment method which involves occluding and detaching gas;    (3) gas occlusion apparatus. The apparatus has interior space for storing gas, gas supply unit for supplying gas of occlusion material with respect to gas reservoir, and energy supply unit for adding external energy to gas reservoir. The aggregate capable of occluding gas is accommodated in interior space;    (4) gas occlusion discharging apparatus. The apparatus has interior space for storing gas, gas supply unit for supplying gas of occlusion material to gas reservoir, energy supply unit for adding external energy to gas reservoir, gas discharge unit for discharging gas from gas reservoir to exterior space, and pressure reduction unit for lowering internal pressure of gas reservoir; and    (5) gas reservoir having interior space for storing gas, gas supply portion for supplying gas from outside to interior space, and gas discharge portion for discharging gas from interior space to exterior space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure demonstrates the gas occlusion and gas detachment method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas particle (G)    aggregate (H1)    unit component (H11)
NOVELTY - The heater (4) heats a reaction chamber to produce reformed gas which is passed to ventilator (5). The ejectors (6,7) are provided to eject reformed gas which heats intake air passed from the ventilator and a firing unit (8) combusts the reformed gas emitted from the ejectors.    USE - For hydrogen manufacturing apparatus of fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The ejectors maintains combustion and avoids occurrence of backfire by flame during combustion. Enables to control combustion easily and safely. Ensures smooth ejection of gas by setting angle of ejectors and performs stable combustion. Enables heating hydrogen manufacturing apparatus uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The heater (4) heats a reaction chamber to produce reformed gas which is passed to ventilator (5). The ejectors (6,7) are provided to eject reformed gas which heats intake air passed from the ventilator and a firing unit (8) combusts the reformed gas emitted from the ejectors. The ejectors are set to angle of 40-120degrees so as to intersect gas ejected through it and consists of gas emission pipe (11,12) with openings (9,10) respectively. A rectifier is provided at upstream side of air flow to mix air in the ventilator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top sectional view and elevational view of the heater. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heater (4)    ventilator (5)    ejectors (6,7)    firing unit (8)    openings (9,10)    gas emission pipes (11,12)
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide mixed in hydrogen enrichment gas is contacted with oxygen, and decreased in the presence of carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst. Remaining carbon monoxide in the enrichment gas is again contacted with oxygen in presence of the catalyst, cooled to predetermined temperature and then decreased, to obtain hydrogen enrichment gas without carbon monoxide.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables reducing carbon monoxide content efficiently, using compact carbon monoxide removal apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon monoxide removal apparatus comprising carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layers (33) arranged in series at multistage. The post-stage heat exchanger catalyst layer is heat exchanger integrated catalyst layer (35).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    air mixing portion (31a, 31b)    heat exchanger (32)    carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer (33)    heat exchanger integrated catalyst layer (35)
NOVELTY - Sulfur or phosphorus of 100-100 ppm is mixed with catalyst powder including nickel oxide and copper oxide with mean particle diameter of 500 nm or less. The catalyst powder is then mixed with aluminum oxide and the mixture is subjected to heat processing in reduced environment, so that mean particle diameter of the metal particle in the mixture is 1mum or less.    USE - For manufacturing carbon fiber used in catalyst material (claimed) of anode and cathode of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the output characteristics of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) carbon fiber manufacturing method;    (2) catalyst material for fuel cell; and    (3) catalyst material manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the membrane electrode assembly.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    membrane electrode assembly (1)    collectors (2,6)    cathode layer (3)    proton electrolyte (4)    anode layer (5)
NOVELTY - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell comprises a semiconductor electrode (4), a counter electrode and an electrolyte composition (9). At least one portion of the semiconductor electrode surface contains a pigment. The pigment is formed using a membranous substance containing at least one type of organic compound selected from fluorine atom containing alkoxy silane, chlorosilane, silanol, imidazoles or pyridines.    USE - For pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of pigment sensitizing type solar cell. A pigment is made to adsorb to the surface of a semiconductor electrode, by immersing the electrode in a solution containing organic compound or exposing the electrode to an atmosphere containing organic compound vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    glass substrate (1)    conductive film (2)    semiconductor electrode (4)    epoxy resin (7)    electrolyte composition (9)
NOVELTY - A storage tank (2) accommodates hydrogen molecule containing compound. Hydrogen from the storage tank, is introduced into the fuel cell (1). The exhaust heat of fuel cell, is transferred to the tank, by a transfer unit.    USE - For motor vehicle, domestic purposes and direct current power supply installation of information technology field.    ADVANTAGE - The lightweight hydrogen is stored at normal temperature and pressure, easily. Reduces energy cost by utilizing exhaust heat of fuel cell to heat and generate hydrogen. Replenishment of hydrogen to hydrogen molecule containing compound, is performed easily. Reduces weight of the installation which uses the fuel cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    storage tank (2)
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer has a layer (3) containing an organic semiconductive polymer and a pair of electrodes (4). At least one of the electrode is a deposition film of metal microparticles having mean particle diameter of 20 nm or less.    USE - For semiconductor devices.    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer has novel electrode structure with favorable electrode properties, and is inexpensive. Metal ultrafine particles having smaller size than micron are uniformly distributed in the electrode. The electronic property at the boundary surface of the electrode structure is favorable.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    indium tin oxide layer (1)    substrate (2)    layer containing semiconductive polymer (3)    hole transport property polymeric layer (3a)    light emitting layer (3b)    metal particles (3c)    electrode (4)
NOVELTY - A shift-reaction portion (25) is arranged in a modifier (20) to decrease carbon monoxide of reformed gas supplied from a modification portion (22). A combustor (31) burns reformed gas supplied from the modifier and exhausts combustion gas. The combustion gas is supplied into a heat exchanger (32) and is supplied to the shift-reaction portion such that the temperature inside the reaction portion is increased.    USE - For electric-power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to increase temperature inside the shift-reaction portion without reducing the energy efficiency, by passing the combustion gas. The deterioration of the catalyst in the shift-reaction portion is restrained and the life time of the shift-reaction portion is extended.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (20)    modification portion (22)    shift-reaction portion (25)    combustor (31)    heat exchanger (32)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor consists of an aromatic unsaturated compound which is adsorbed to the semiconductor surface.    USE - For photoelectric conversion material for optoelectric transducer used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Photoelectric conversion efficiency, durability and stability of the photoelectric conversion material and optoelectric transducer are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor consists of a compound of formula (1) which is adsorbed to the semiconductor surface.    R11 = electron-attractive group having Hammett substituent-constant (sigma-p) value of 0.1-0.8;    n = 1-4;    X11-X14 = oxygen atom, sulfur atom or selenium atom;    R12, R13 = H or a substituent;    R14 = -CH2COOH group or -L11-PO3H2 group;    L11 = bivalent connection group; and    R15 = optionally substituted alkyl group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer. The optoelectric transducer consists of an electroconductive support (1) on which the semiconductor for photoelectric-conversion material is provided; and    (2) solar cell. The solar cell consists of an optoelectric transducer and a counter electrode (4). The transducer consists of an electroconductive support provided with a charge transferring layer (3) containing the semiconductor for photoelectric-conversion material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary sectional drawing of the optoelectric transducer.    Support (1)    Photosensitive layer (2)    Charge transferring layer (3)    Counter electrode (4)
NOVELTY - A lateral electrode formed on the light incident side of the solar battery element, is a multilayered metallic thin film (2). The multilayered metallic thin film has light transmittance of about 40% for the light having wavelength of about 380-420 nm.    USE - Thin film silicon group solar battery element used as main/auxiliary power unit in display medium for electronic book, personal digital assistant (PDA), or non-contact information recording medium (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery element has high flexibility and has high voltage value and excels in transparency without increasing the cost. Improves utilization efficiency even in light of low wavelength range incident on the lateral electrode. Improves mechanical strength by using simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a display medium or non-contact type information recording medium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure depicts a graphical representation explaining about the light transmittance of the silver thin film.
NOVELTY - The organic-acid metallic mixed salt solution containing copper, indium, or copper, indium and gallium is applied on the surface of the molybdenum electrode substrate. The applied solution is dried in the atmosphere of reducing gas or inert gas to form compound semiconductor thin-film.    USE - For manufacturing compound semiconductor thin-film containing alloy of copper, indium, selenium, gallium, and sulfur used in solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Simplifies the formation of the compound semiconductor thin film.
NOVELTY - Pigment sensitizing type solar cell (20) has photoelectrode (10) and counter electrode (CE). The photoelectrode has semiconductor electrode (2) having light-receiving surface, and transparent electrode (1). The semiconductor electrode and counter electrode are oppositely arranged via electrolyte liquid (E). The semiconductor electrode contains pigment. The electrolyte contains silicon compound having hydrolysability.    USE - As solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell has improved heat resistance, light resistance, chemical stability of pigment and photoelectric conversion efficiency for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell has photoelectrode and counter electrode. The photoelectrode has semiconductor electrode having light-receiving surface, and transparent electrode arranged adjacent to the top of light-receiving surface. The semiconductor electrode and counter electrode are oppositely arranged via electrolyte liquid. The semiconductor electrode contains pigment. The electrolyte contains silicon compound having hydrolysability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional drawing of basic composition of pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    transparent electrode (1)    semiconductor electrode (2)    photoelectrode (10)    pigment sensitizing type solar cell (20)    counter electrode (CE)    electrolyte liquid (E)
NOVELTY - Pigment sensitizing-type solar cell comprises photoelectrode (10) having semiconductor electrode (2) containing pigment, transparent electrode (1), counter electrode (CE) and electrolyte (E) containing boron compound having hydrolysis ability. Electrode (2) has light-receiving surface (F1). Electrode (2) and electrode (CE) are arranged opposite to each other through electrolyte.    USE - As pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing-type solar cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, heat resistance, light resistance, chemical stability of pigment and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor electrode has light-receiving surface. The transparent electrode is arranged adjacent to the light-receiving surface top. The semiconductor electrode and counter electrode opposite to each other through the electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model sectional drawing of the pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    transparent electrode (1)    semiconductor electrode (2)    photoelectrode (10)    counter electrode (CE)    electrolyte liquid (E)    light receiving surface (F1-F3)
NOVELTY - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell has a carbon nano film containing a fibrous carbon having diameter in nanometer range. The carbon nano film is used as electrode of the solar cell.    USE - As pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell is stable, durable and economical as it uses inexpensive electrode material. The fibrous carbon material has excellent electrical conductivity. The nano carbon electrode has excellent durability, workability, chemical-resistance and flexibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for nano carbon electrode (6).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline sectional drawing of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    glass substrate (1)    fluorine doped tin oxide electrode (2)    titanium dioxide film (3)    electrolyte layer (5)    nano carbon electrode (6)
NOVELTY - An electroconductive powder, contains trivalent elements other than indium contained in tin containing indium oxide.    USE - For use in conductive paint and electroconductive coating film for display device and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The tin containing indium oxide powder has excellent permeability and low resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a conductive paint which comprises electroconductive powder particle as an electroconductive material;    (2) an electroconductive coating film which contains electroconductive powder particle; and    (3) manufacture of electroconductive powder which involves adding an alkali to the acidic solution containing indium, tin and trivalent elements, performing preliminary neutralization, acquiring precipitate by further adding to the liquid and neutralization by heat processing to obtain powder particle.
NOVELTY - A carbon nano-fiber (11) has a carbon fiber as a seed, having kish graphite (10) precipitate.    USE - As cathode material of lithium ion secondary battery and hydrogen support of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon nano-fiber is economic. Production of byproducts other than water, is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture of the carbon nano fiber. (Drawing includes non-English language text.)    Kish graphite (10)    Carbon nano fiber (11)    Container (12)
NOVELTY - A primary adsorption/desorption unit (3) removes the carbon monoxide (CO) and water vapor in the reformed gas, at high temperature using adsorption/desorption material. After removing CO and water vapor, the reformed gas is subjected to CO shift reaction to produce CO reduced gas. The CO and water vapor in the CO reduced gas, are removed in a secondary adsorption/desorption unit (5).    USE - Producing hydrogen used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A hydrogen-rich gas with CO of low concentration is easily produced. The size of the modifier is reduced. The thermal capacity is low.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The adsorption/desorption material in the primary adsorption/desorption unit is reused as adsorption/desorption material in the secondary adsorption/desorption unit. The adsorption/desorption materials in both units are periodically interchanged. Adsorption of CO and water vapor by the hydrogen rich gas produced in the modification unit (2) is performed at low temperature.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel modification method; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification unit (2)    primary adsorption/desorption unit (3)    CO shift reaction unit (4)    secondary adsorption/desorption unit (5)
NOVELTY - An oxide film (3) is formed between the semiconductor particle (5) arranged on the surface of substrate (1), and insulator (4).    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reducing the thickness of insulator and preventing crawling up of insulator. The opening rate of semiconductor particle is improved, and high conversion efficiency is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Aluminum-silicon alloy (2)    Oxide film (3)    Insulator (4)    Semiconductor particle (5)    Semiconductor film (6)
NOVELTY - The solar cell comprises stainless steel thin substrate (1) and a molybdenum thin reverse electrode (2) between which an insulating layer and a low melting-point layer (4) is formed. The melting or softening point of the layer (4) is 400 degreesC or less.    USE - E.g. copper-indium-selenium (CIS) solar cell, copper-indium-gallium-selenium (CIGS) solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Peeling of the reverse electrode from the board is performed easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Reverse electrode (2)    Low melting point insulating layer (4)    Optical absorption layer (5)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor thin-film electrode is sensitized with an organic dye having a terminal cyano acetic acid group at the terminal.    USE - For optoelectric transducer used for optoelectric chemical solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor thin-film electrode provides organic-dye sensitized optoelectric transducers and optoelectric chemical solar cells with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor thin-film electrode is sensitized with an organic dye having a cyano acetic acid radical at the terminal. The organic dye is of formula (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6).    L1, L2 = electronic convective connection group containing heterocyclic ring chosen from thiophene, furan and pyrrole ring;    R1-R5, R8-R17 and R22-R27 = H or substituent;    R6, R7, R18-R21, R28 and R29 = hydrocarbon group which may have H or substituent; and    M = H, or salt forming positive ion.    R1-R5 may couple with each other to form a ring. R8-R17 may couple with each other to form a ring. R22-R27 may couple with each other to form a ring.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer using the semiconductor thin-film electrode; and    (2) optoelectric chemical solar cell using the optoelectric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of optoelectric chemical solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    platinum sputter glass layer (1)    redox electrolyte layer (2)    pigment adsorption semiconductor thin-film electrode layer (3)    electroconductive clear glass (4)
NOVELTY - The nano composite composition comprises tree-like branch molecule coordinated with metal ion, and a bound polymer.    USE - For gas barrier layer (claimed) for permselective membrane of electrode, radiation light-emission panels, sensitizing panel for X-ray photograph, touch panel, sensor, solar cell, organic electroluminescent element, inorganic electroluminescent element, electromagnetic shielding, and display device used in personal computer, audio-video equipment, portable information communication apparatus, game and simulation apparatus and vehicle mounted navigation system.    ADVANTAGE - The nano composite composition has excellent dispersibility with respect to organic and inorganic matrix, and gas barrier property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for gas barrier layer.
NOVELTY - Several micropores (10) having diameter smaller than the wavelength of light used for photoelectric conversion, are formed at the surface of an electrode film (14) on a photoelectric conversion layer (13).    USE - Solar cell for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Provides solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell.    electrode films (2,14)    micropores (10)    photoelectric conversion layer (13)    n-type semiconductor layer (13a)
NOVELTY - Fuel with a lead content of 0.56 g/l or less comprises isoparaffins (I) with 4 or 5 carbon atoms, isoparaffins (II) with 6-9 carbon atoms and optionally alkylaromatic hydrocarbons (III) with 6-11 carbon atoms. The fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.    USE - The fuel is useful in spark-ignition engines for aircraft, racing vehicles or the like, in fuel treatment units (e.g. reformers) connected to fuel cells, and for reducing pollutant emissions from spark-ignition engines (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel has a high enough octane rating for use in high compression ratio engines, with an F4 octane number of at least 130 and a motor octane number (MON) of at least 99.5, while having a low lead content and without containing substitute octane improvers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a high-octane fuel with a low lead content by mixing (I), (II) and optionally (III) in amounts such that the fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.
NOVELTY - Fuel with a lead content of 0.56 g/l or less comprises isoparaffins (I) with 4 or 5 carbon atoms, isoparaffins (II) with 6-9 carbon atoms and optionally alkylaromatic hydrocarbons (III) with 6-11 carbon atoms. The fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.    USE - The fuel is useful in spark-ignition engines for aircraft, racing vehicles or the like, in fuel treatment units (e.g. reformers) connected to fuel cells, and for reducing pollutant emissions from spark-ignition engines (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel has a high enough octane rating for use in high compression ratio engines, with an F4 octane number of at least 130 and a motor octane number (MON) of at least 99.5, while having a low lead content and without containing substitute octane improvers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a high-octane fuel with a low lead content by mixing (I), (II) and optionally (III) in amounts such that the fuel contains 45-85 vol.% of (II) and has a (I)/(II) volume ratio of 0.1-0.6.
NOVELTY - A fuel flow regulator includes a fuel cell flow path comprising a solid-state material for regulating fuel flow by adsorption.    USE - Used as fuel flow regulator for fuel cell used in electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel flow regulator regulates flow and/or pressure of fuel delivered to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) an electronic device comprising a fuel cell providing power to an electrical load, fuel source, fuel flow path between the fuel cell and the fuel source, and fuel flow regulator; and    (b) regulating flow between a fuel cell and a fuel source by disposing a solid-state adsorptive material between the fuel cell and the fuel source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a labeled diagram of the fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - Process for optimizing the conductivity of a carbon fiber fleece bound using a binder comprises introducing conducting particles into the binder, preferably into the non-active binder, contacting the particles and the binder with the carbon fiber fleece, forming a composite from the materials, determining the conductivity of the bound fleece, optionally repeating the above steps if the conductivity of the bound fleece is to be increased, optionally varying the surface tension and/or inertness of the binder in the bound fleece, and optionally varying the wettability in the bound fleece.    USE - Used in polymer electrolyte fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The carbon fiber fleece has good conductivity, high temperature resistance and high mechanical strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a carbon fiber fleece bound using a binder.
NOVELTY - Nano-silicon line carry layer is set in between Ti/Pd/Ag gate shape electrode and P type silicon layer and various layers being set in sequence at the device are: Ti/Pd/Ag gate shape electrode above nano-silicon line array layer for leading out electrode at front side, nano-silicon line array layer above P type silicon layer, to be used as emitting electrode and decrease-reflecting layer of solar-cell; P type silicon basement layer above electrode at back of aluminum metal film, being used as base region of the solar-cell; and Ti/Pd/Ag metal film back electrode layer being used to lead out electrode at backside.
NOVELTY - Acrylic flame resistant fiber nonwoven fabric has a weight per square meter of 70-190g/m2, a thickness of 0.1-0.3mm, and a density of 0.35-0.8g/m2.    USE - Used for the manufacture of carbon fiber nonwoven cloths for electrodes and electrode diffusion layers of fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The acrylic flame resistant nonwoven cloth has excellent moisture resistance, heat insulation properties and compactness. The carbon fiber nonwoven cloth has high flexural strength, low deformation with pressure, low surface roughness, high flexibility, large tensile strength, etc.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) A carbon fiber nonwoven fabric which has a weight per square meter of 50-150g/m2, a thickness of 0.1-0.25mm, a density of 0.3-0.7g/m2, a surface roughness Ra of at most30mum, a tensile strength of at least0.2kgf/cm, and a maximum fracture radius of at most20mm;    (2) An electrode using the carbon fiber nonwoven cloth;    (3) An electrode diffusion layer using the carbon fiber nonwoven cloth;    (4) A unit for fuel cells formed by arranging the electrode diffusion layer, catalyst layer and a polymer electrolyte layer in order;    (5) The manufacture of an acrylic flame resistant fiber nonwoven fabric by pressing in the thickness direction at 140degreesC and 5-200kgf/cm;    (6) The manufacture of a carbon fiber nonwoven cloth by carbonizing the acrylic fiber nonwoven cloth.
NOVELTY - Fuel cell comprises fuel cell mechanism(s), anode layer, cathode layer, and mixed fuel gas supplier mechanisms. Fuel cell mechanism(s) comprises solid electrolyte layer. Electrolyte layer is interposed between cathode and anode layers. Mixed fuel gas supplier supplies e.g. methane and oxygen to expose cathode and anode layers to cause oxidation-reduction reaction between fuel gas and oxygen.    USE - As fuel cell used in power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since complete combustion is accelerated, the performance of the cell is enhanced. Deterioration of power generation is avoided and the anode layer is not liable to peel off.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell (16) comprises fuel cell mechanism(s), anode layer (14), cathode layer (12), and mixed fuel gas supplier mechanisms. The fuel cell mechanism(s) comprises solid electrolyte layer (10) of oxygen ion conduction type. The electrolyte layer is interposed between cathode and anode layers. The mixed fuel gas supplier supplies fuel gas, e.g. methane and oxygen to expose cathode and anode layers to cause an oxidation-reduction reaction between the fuel gas and oxygen. The oxidation-reduction reaction between the fuel gas and oxygen is carried out using cell mechanism to generate an electromotive force. The anode layer comprises metal. The metal is oxidation-resistant against the mixed fuel at an operation temperature of fuel cell mechanism or ceramic with electro-conductivity. The anode layer is blended with metal or its oxide. The metal is rhodium, platinum, ruthenium, palladium, or iridium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side sectional view of the fuel cell.    Solid electrolyte layer (10)    Cathode layer (12)    Anode layer (14)    Fuel cell (16)    Container (20)    Feed pipes (20a-b)
NOVELTY - A liquid phase growth method involves growing a silicon crystal on a substrate (102) by immersing the substrate in a solvent or allowing the substrate to contact the solvent. A gas containing a raw material and/or dopant is supplied to the solvent after part of the gas is decomposed by application of energy to the gas.    USE - For silicon crystal useful for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method is capable of providing continuous growth and provides mass production of silicon crystal. The supply of the raw material and/or dopant to the solvent is simple and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a manufacturing method for a solar cell comprising forming a silicon layer by liquid phase growth;    (b) a liquid phase growth apparatus comprising a solvent receiver for holding a solvent to dissolve a raw material for silicon, a device for immersing a substrate in the solvent or allowing the substrate to contact the solvent, a device for supplying a gas containing raw material(s) and/or a dopant to the solvent, and an energy application device (112) upstream to the gas supply device to decompose part of the gas containing raw material and/or the dopant.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view schematically showing a liquid phase growth apparatus.    Wafer cassette (101)    Substrate (102)    Raw material gas feed pipe (106)    Heating device (108)    Gas blowoff holes (109)    Energy application device (112)
NOVELTY - Production of a polycrystalline silicon thin film by irradiation of a silicon thin film formed on a substrate with excimer or solid state laser light involves converting laser light into a linear beam by using optical system and periodically and spatially modulating the intensity of the laser in the direction of the long axis of the linear beam by passing through a phase-shifting mask with stripy pattern or periodic slit pattern perpendicular to the long axis.    USE - For producing high throughput silicon thin film applied to semiconductor devices including polysilicon thin film transistors (for liquid crystal displays), solar cells and silicon on insulation devices.    ADVANTAGE - The process produces high quality silicon thin film with sufficiently large crystal diameter particles and crystals with reduced hillocks height and which have grown in a certain direction over the entire region irradiated with the linear beam. The film with large crystal grown in the lateral direction is formed without the necessity of forming a patterned antireflection film on an amorphous silicon film.
NOVELTY - A performance control device of a fuel cell is provided, to allow the total system to be always in normal state by detecting the voltage of a generator and determining whether abnormal or not.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell generates electricity by electrochemical reaction at an anode and a cathode of a generator, wherein the anode is connected with a fuel supply line(103) for supplying fuel and a fuel collection line(104) for collecting fuel after reaction, and the cathode is connected with an air supply line(107) for supplying air and an air discharge line(108) for discharging air after reaction. The performance control device comprises a voltage detector(112) for detecting the voltage of the generator; and a controller(113) for comparing the detected voltage with the reference value and detecting the abnormal region or controlling the performance. Preferably the generator is a BFC (boron fuel cell) generator using BH4- in aqueous solution state as fuel or a PEMFC (proton exchange membrane fuel cell) generator using hydrogen gas as fuel.
NOVELTY - A packing structure of a fuel cell is provided, to prevent the loss of the fuel and air by allowing the projection part formed on a gasket to be elastically adhered to a separator and a membrane-electrode assembly and preventing the formation of gap in assembling.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell is provided with a generator which comprises: a membrane-electrode assembly comprising an electrolyte membrane whose both ends are adhered to an anode supplied with BH4- in aqueous solution state and a cathode supplied with air; a separator which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly and has a flow path where BH4- and air flow; a gasket(17) placed at the circumference between the separator and the membrane-electrode assembly, for sealing; and a current collector formed on the outer face of the separator. The gasket(17) is provided with the projection part(100) which is formed along the length direction at both sides of the section and is elastically adhered to the gasket for sealing.
NOVELTY - An electric generator setting structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to allow the reaction of fuel and air to occur actively by allowing the hydrogen gas generated by the side reaction to be flown in the state separated from an anode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound to the anode(102) of a generator, supplies the air to the cathode(103) of a generator, and generates electricity by the electrochemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the generator(100) has a unit cell structure comprising a membrane-electrode assembly(104) comprising an electrolyte membrane(101) adhered with an anode (102, fuel electrode) and a cathode (103, air electrode) at both sides; a separator(105) which is formed at the both sides of the membrane-electrode assembly with forming a fuel-air flow path(107); and a current collector(106) formed at the both sides of the separator to collect the electricity formed by the electrochemical reaction of fuel and air. The generator is sloped toward a cathode by a certain angle to allow the hydrogen gas(H) generated in the fuel flowing the inside of the flow path formed by the separator to be circulated in the state separated from the internal face of the anode. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A stack structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to reduce the loss of pressure of stack due to hydrogen gas by allowing hydrogen gas to be separated at a vapor-liquid separator when fuel moves from cell to cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode(12) of stack, supplies the air to the cathode(13) of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the stack(10) comprises a plurality of layered cells. A fuel transport line(100) is placed between the layered cells and has a vapor-liquid separator(101) for removing the hydrogen gas contained in the fuel moving between the cells. Preferably the vapor-liquid separator(101) comprises a space inside; an inflow hole at one side; an outflow hole at the other side; and a discharge pipe for discharging hydrogen gas at the upper part. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A humidifying device for a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to simplify the structure of a humidifier and to allow the humidifier to be operated without the supply of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored at a fuel tank to the anode of stack, supplies the air in steam state from a humidifier(100) to the cathode of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the humidifier(100) comprises a water tank(101); a humidifying chamber(102) which is communicated with the top part of the water tank and has an air entrance hole(102a) at one side and an air exit hole(102b) at the other side; and a water absorbent(103) which is placed inside the humidifying chamber to allow its under part to be submerged under the water of the water tank for humidifying the air passing through. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state. The water absorbent is a porous material, and preferably sponge.
NOVELTY - A stack structure of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to prevent the hindrance of fuel supply by the pressure increase due to the increase of hydrogen gas in stack in generation by allowing the gaseous hydrogen in BH4- aqueous solution to be absorbed into a bipolar plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode(22) of stack, supplies the air to the cathode(23) of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the stack(10) comprises at least one layered cell comprising a membrane-electrode assembly(24) whose both ends are adhered to a bipolar plate(25) having a flow path groove(31). The bipolar plate is made of a hydrogen storage alloy for absorbing gaseous hydrogen. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A purge device of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to prevent the clogging of path by the precipitation of compounds and the deterioration of lifetime of a catalyst due to the unnecessary long-term stay of fuel inside of a fuel supply line and stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell(1) supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode of stack(10) through a fuel supply line(30), supplies the air to the cathode of stack through an air supply line(50), and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the purge device comprises a connection line(200) connecting the fuel supply line and the air supply line; and a 3-way diverter valve(201) placed at the point where the connection line and the fuel supply line cross perpendicularly, for changing the flow of fluid to allow the inside of the fuel supply line and the stack to be purged by air if necessary. Preferably the B compound is BH4- in aqueous solution state.
NOVELTY - A fuel tank of a fuel cell using a B compound as fuel is provided, to prevent the deterioration of performance due to the rapid change of concentration by allowing BH4- to be supplied mainly to stack among BH4- and BO2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel cell supplies the B compound stored in a fuel tank to the anode of stack, supplies the air to the cathode of stack, and obtains the electromotive force from the chemical reaction of the B compound and the air, wherein the fuel tank(100) of the fuel cell comprises a tank body(110) having the space(103) inside whose upper part is connected with a supply pipe(101), whose lower part is connected with an inflow pipe(102) and which stores a B compound in aqueous solution state; a float(111) which is placed inside the tank body and floats on BH4- with a specific gravity smaller than that of BO2; and a flexible tube(112) whose lower part is combined with the float and whose upper part is connected with the supply pipe.
NOVELTY - An electrolyzer of water, has a pair of electrodes made of magnesium. A controller regulates supply of direct or alternating current between the electrodes, based on the amount of hydrogen gas produced in a modifier for generating hydrogen gas and supplying it to a fuel cell.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Performs stable supply of hydrogen gas to fuel cell, due to the provision of controller.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of hydrogen gas supply apparatus.    hydrogen gas supply apparatus (1)    fuel cell (2)    modifier (10)    electrolyzer (20)    electrodes (24,25)    controller (100)
NOVELTY - A reaction chamber (1) has a de-hydrogenation catalyst layer (10) for carrying out the de-hydrogenation of the hydrogen containing raw material. The hydrogen separation membrane (2) separates hydrogen from the mixture of hydrogen and by-product produced during the de-hydrogenation process. A liquid film (30) of predetermined thickness is formed on the upper surface of the hydrogen separation membrane.    USE - For generating hydrogen used in fuel cell that is used as power source in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures the driving force of hydrogen permeation by forming the liquid film on the surface of the hydrogen separation membrane and hence simplifies the generation of hydrogen generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen collection method;    (2) hydrogen generation method;    (3) hydrogen collecting equipment; and    (4) hydrogen collection method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction chamber (1)    hydrogen separation membrane (2)    de-hydrogenation catalyst layer (10)    liquid film (30)    hydrogen generator (R)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizing agent is formed by supporting nickel oxide, or nickel oxide and copper oxide, on a support. The desulfurizing agent is used for desulfurization of hydrocarbon-containing sulfur gas, without performing reduction process.    USE - For removing sulfur from hydrocarbon containing gas such as liquefied petroleum gas, natural gas, town gas or dimethyl ether, and for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizing agent efficiently removes sulfur contained in the hydrocarbon containing gas at room temperature. The hydrogen for fuel cells, is manufactured economically and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon containing sulfur gas, which involves using the desulfurizing agent; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells, which involves modifying using desulfurizing agent after carrying out desulfurizing processing of the hydrocarbon containing gas.
NOVELTY - The spin on glass (SOG) containing silicon-hydrogen coating material dissolved in an organic solvent,is applied on the surface of a silicon substrate (501) and dried. The substrate is heated to a temperature of 400-800 degreesC to form an insulating film on the substrate.    USE - MIS structure semiconductor device e.g. solar cell (claimed), thin film transistor (FET) type LCD, MIS structure integrated circuit (IC) and MIS structure transistor.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents generation of dangling bond (DB) inside the substrate and reduces the density at the boundary of insulation film and substrate by a simple process so improving the efficiency of the semiconductor device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing method of semiconductor device;    (2) solar cell; and    (3) manufacturing method of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the solar cell.    Silicon substrate (501)    Anti-reflective coating (505)    Hydrogenation silicon oxide film (506)    Surface electrode (507)    Reverse side electrode (508)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer (7) is arranged in a flow path of a reformed gas. The upper portion of the catalyst layer is equipped with an interrupter (1a) to interrupt the flow path arbitrarily.    USE - For use in fuel reforming system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents flow of high temperature gas inside the carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer, in stop state of the reforming system. Prevents dew attraction in the catalyst layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    interrupter (1a)    water absorption/evaporation unit (3)    flush tank (5)    carbon monoxide selective oxidation catalyst layer (7)    temperature sensor (9a,9b)
NOVELTY - The reflection layer (16) is formed on the reverse side of the pn-junction layer (18), to reflect incident light towards the light-receiving surface (32) formed with the anti-reflective coating (30).    USE - Single crystal silicon solar cell is installed in building roof for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Relieves the distortion due to the coefficient of thermal expansion difference between reverse-side electrode and pn-junction layer, by forming the reflection layer. Enables acquiring high optical confinement effect, and raises the energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a single crystal silicon solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (12)    Reflection layer (16)    pn-junction layer (18)    Anti-reflective coating (30)    Light-receiving surface (32)
NOVELTY - A heater (101f) heats the fuel around a sensor element (101a) of zirconia-type oxygen sensors (101A-101C).    USE - For detecting moisture-content of air and fuel e.g. hydrogen supplied to fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content of fuel is detected stably, even when the fuel is mixture of gas and liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the moisture-content detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Sensor element (101a)    Oxygen sensors (101A-101C)    Heater (101f)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen ion conductor contains sp2 binding crystal (102) in at least one portion, and is formed on a base material (101). A functional group having high affinity to hydrogen ion is introduced into the grain boundary portion and inside the sp2 binding crystal. The angle between the base material surface (105) and the sp2 joint surface is 60-120 degrees.    USE - For hydrogen fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen ion conductor has favorable hydrogen ion conductivity and easy handling property. The hydrogen fuel cell formed using the hydrogen ion conductor has excellent working efficiency, improved conductivity, reduced weight and stabilized output at a wide range of temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen fuel cell comprising above hydrogen ion conductor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline sectional drawing of hydrogen ion conductor.    base material (101)    sp2 binding crystal (102)    amorphous portion (103)    platinum particles (104)    base material surface (105)
NOVELTY - The energy supply system generates liquid hydrogen from hot vapor emitted from power generation equipment. A supply unit supplies the liquid hydrogen to fuel cell or internal combustion engine.    USE - For electric-power generation facility e.g. nuclear power plant to generate electric-power to be supplied to residence and company, and for gas company, electric vehicle e.g. train and motor vehicle e.g. tram-car.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents global warming. Enables for efficient power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) power supply system;    (2) network system; and    (3) application management system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen energy supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The composite material comprises a blend of titanium oxide, and a conductive polymer, chosen from poly 3-methyl thiophene, polypyrrole or its derivative, polythiophene or its derivative, and/or polyaniline or its derivative.    USE - For diode (claimed) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel composite material exhibits excellent rectification property, photoelectric current property and diode property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) A diode formed using the above material; and    (2) Manufacture of the above composite material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the above manufacturing method of inorganic-organic composite material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The thermoplastic resin composition comprises thermoplastic resin (A) and aromatic thermoplastic resin (B). The resin A has bond chosen from ester bond, amide bond, imide bond, urethane bond, carbonate bond and/or ketone bond. The resin B comprises an ion exchange property group introduced in side chain, and connecting group in principal chain, which intervenes with aromatic ring.    USE - For ion exchanger (claimed) used for ion exchange fibers and ion-exchange membranes used for water treating units, electrode reactors, electrolytic cells, fuel cells and for semiconductor manufacture process.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition has excellent ion exchanger ability, heat-resistance and favorable moldability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for ion exchanger.
NOVELTY - A transparent oxide electrode film comprises indium oxide containing titanium, in which indium in the indium oxide is substituted with titanium at a titanium/indium atomic ratio of 0.003-0.12. The indium oxide is crystalline. The electrode film has a resistivity of at most5.7x10-4OMEGAcm.    USE - Used to form electroconductive base material, solar cell, or photo detection element (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The film provides excellent transmittance for both the visible light region and the infrared light region, and provides low resistivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) manufacturing a transparent oxide electrode film by sputtering method using a sputtering target manufactured from an oxide sintered body for which the constituent elements are indium, titanium, or oxygen; or a sputtering target manufactured from an oxide sintered body for which the constituent elements are indium, titanium, tungsten, and oxygen, at a substrate temperature of at least100degreesC using mixed gas of argon and oxygen containing at least0.25% oxygen as the sputtering gas;    (b) a solar cell having sequentially layered construction comprising substrate on which an electrode is provided, a conductive metal substrate, a light absorbing layer of p-type semiconductor, middle layer of an n-type semiconductor, a window layer, and an n-type transparent electrode layer; and    (c) a photo detection element comprising a pair of electrodes and a layer of photo detection materials between the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a graph showing an X-ray diffraction pattern of the transparent oxide electrode film.
NOVELTY - A polygonal honeycomb structure (1), especially an absorber for a solar receiver (2), comprises metal layers (3) connected to form numerous channels (4) that run between the structure end faces (5,6). The connection regions (15) are intermittently arranged along a diameter. Interruptions (8) occur over a number of channels. The metal layers are parallel to each other.    USE - As an absorber for a solar receiver, or a filter material.    ADVANTAGE - The novel structure has good stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above structure.    structure (1)    receiver (2)    metal layers (3)    channels (4)    faces (5,6)    interruptions (8)    connections regions (15)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage tank (11) comprises a composite of granular hydrogen absorbing alloy (MH) powder (20) and flaky aluminum powder (21) contained within a housing (12).    USE - In fuel cell powered electric cars, hydrogen engines and heat pumps.    ADVANTAGE - The tank has reduced contact interface due to granular hydrogen absorbing alloy powder which reduces heat resistance of the contact interface, improves heat transfer efficiency and hydrogen absorbing/releasing speed thus shortening the time required for filling the tank and quickening the hydrogen releasing response of the tank. The granular MH powder increases the amount of hydrogen stored per unit volume so that the number of miles driven by a car can be increased when the tank is applied to a fuel cell powered car as compared to that with flaky powder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a hydrogen storage tank.    hydrogen storage tank (11)    housing (12)    heat exchanger (13)    granular hydrogen absorbing alloy powder (20)    flaky aluminum powder. (21)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises a first electrode, a second electrode, and a channel contiguous with a portion of the first and second electrodes, such that when a first liquid is contacted with the first electrode, a second liquid is contacted with the second electrode, and the two liquids flow through the channel, a multi stream laminar flow is established between the liquids, and a current density of at least 0.1 mA/cm2 is produced.    USE - The invention is used for generating electricity used for, e.g. a portable electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention requires lowered fabrication costs, provides increased efficiency, extended cell lifetimes, and reduced cell sizes and weights.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a diffusion-based micro-extractor.
NOVELTY - A fuel reformer comprises an enclosure having an inlet port (4) and an outlet port (5); a plate assembly (2) for supporting a catalyst within the enclosure; and a compliant baffle (6) cooperating with the plate assembly for establishing a path for the flow of fuel gas through the reformer from the inlet port to the outlet port.    USE - For use with fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has a more optimum flow field and catalyst distribution, thus reducing non-uniformity in reforming and temperature gradients. It inhibits fuel gas leaks from the reformer prior to exposure to the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a plan view of a fuel reformer.    Plate assembly (2)    Corrugated plates (2A-2C)    Inlet port (4)    Outlet port (5)    Compliant baffle (6)    Inlet section (102)    Turn section (103)    Return section (104)    Corner (105)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-generating system comprises an actuator responsive to parameter(s) of the hydrogen generation process for providing relative movement between the catalyst chamber and the fuel solution to vary the rate of hydrogen generation.    USE - For generating hydrogen by monitoring parameter(s) of the hydrogen generation process and providing relative movement between the catalyst chamber and the chamber to vary the rate of hydrogen generation by bringing more or less of the catalyst in the catalyst chamber into contact with the fuel solution (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The system is self-regulating. It does not require any external power source to operate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen-generating system comprises a chamber (101) for holding a fuel solution generating hydrogen via a chemical reaction; a catalyst chamber (107) containing a catalyst that accelerates the generation of hydrogen when in contact with the fuel solution, wherein the catalyst chamber is disposed within the chamber; and an actuator responsive to parameter(s) of the hydrogen generation process for providing relative movement between the catalyst chamber and the fuel solution to vary the rate of hydrogen generation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a hydrogen-generating system of the invention.    Chamber (101)    Walls (102, 103)    Fins (104)    Material having high specific heat (105)    Fan (106)    Catalyst chamber (107)    Shaft (108)    Cylinder (109)    Conduit (111)    Separator (112)    Membrane (113)    Sensor (115)    Control leads (116)
NOVELTY - A catalyst adsorbent for removal of sulfur compounds from gas and liquid feed streams for fuel cells, comprises nickel or a nickel compound deposited on a silica carrier; an alumina promoter; and an alkaline earth compound promoter.    USE - For removal of sulfur compounds from gas and liquid feed streams for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive catalyst adsorbent has enhanced adsorption capacity over an extended range of sulfur concentrations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the manufacture of a catalyst adsorbent for removal of sulfur compounds from gas and liquid feed streams for fuel cells, comprising preparing a precursor catalyst adsorbent material comprising a nickel compound deposited on a silica carrier and further comprising an alumina promoter and an alkaline earth compound promoter. The precursor material is dried at 180-220degreesC or calcined at 370-485degreesC. The dried material is reduced to produce the catalyst adsorbent.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprising fuel cell having anode(s) (7), cathode(s), and electrolytes in-between, comprises fuel supply unit supplying fuel to anodes; air supply unit supplying air to cathodes; and heat exchanger (31) having a drain (39) connected to the fuel supply unit, and exchanging heat between the air supplied to the cathode and exhaust gas exhausted from the anode to condense water from the exhaust gas and discharge water to the drain.    USE - For a mobile device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the condensed water is re-circulated to the fuel supply unit and utilized, the fuel need not be diluted by water in advance and concentrated fuel can be employed, thus the fuel cell system can have a large battery capacity even if the fuel cell system is compactly constituted.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic drawing of a direct fuel cell system.    Anode (7)    Cathodes (9)    Mixing buffer tank (19)    Heat exchanger (31)    Drain (39)
NOVELTY - A combustor (16) of gas turbine generator (18), uses unused fuel gas and portion of unused air obtained from fuel cell (11). A steam turbine generator (25) is driven by waste-heat recovery boiler (24b) using exhaust gas of gas turbine generator. A recirculation blower (22) returns remainder of unused air to the fuel cell. An oxygen supply unit (21a) supplies oxygen to air supplied to the fuel cell, through compressors (14,21b).    USE - For use in large-scale commercial/business-use power plant.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures optimal pressure balance of oxygen-enriched air supplied to the fuel cell. Suitable for generating thousands of kilowatts of electric power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the combined cycle power-generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (11)    compressor (14,21b)    combustor (16)    gas turbine generator (18)    oxygen supply unit (21a)    blower (22)    boiler (24b)    steam turbine generator (25)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst (11) is arranged in a pre-mixing chamber (12). A fuel injection valve (16) is opened to inject fuel for mixing with high-temperature air which is supplied from an air inlet tube through a constriction portion (14). The inlet side of the catalyst is divided into partitions using a distributor (17), so that the distribution density of the air-fuel mixture and the fuel in the inlet side is homogenized.    USE - For use in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables uniform distribution of fuel in the modification catalyst, ensuring stable modification reaction. Enables to fix a composition of the reformed gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst is arranged in the circular section corresponding to the internal diameter of the pre-mixing chamber. The distributor is made of ceramic or stainless steel material. The fuel injection valve is arranged downstream to the constriction portion, so that the injection direction of the fuel is changed with respect to an air flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst (11)    pre-mixing chamber (12)    constriction portion (14)    fuel injection valve (16)    distributor (17)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst (11) is arranged at a mixing chamber (12) which is connected to a high temperature air inlet tube (13) through a constriction portion (19). An annular gap (17) is formed between the catalyst and the inner periphery wall of the chamber. A circulation route (15) circulates air fuel mixture between the constriction portion and the gap.    USE - Fuel modifier for generating hydrogen rich gas for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the annular gaps with air fuel mixture along the circumference of the catalyst, the temperature difference of the upper and bottom portion of the catalyst is reduced and favorable modification reaction is made possible. The recirculation route promotes mixing of air fuel mixture with uniform density. The annular gap also acts as heat insulation so as to maintain temperature of the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst of circular cross section is arranged at the downstream side of the chamber. A support plate encloses the periphery of the catalyst. A support unit maintains gap between the support plate and the chamber. The circulation route removes air from the bottom side annular gap. The vertical portion (15a) of the route extended from the constriction portion has larger diameter than the horizontal portion of the route.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst (11)    mixing chamber (12)    inlet tube (13)    circulation route (15)    vertical portion of the route (15a)    annular gap (17)    constriction portion (19)
NOVELTY - The feed chamber (3) and transmissive chamber (4) are isolated with hydrogen permeable-film (2). A flow-controller which consists of flow-regulation valve (23) and pressure-reduction valve (21) is provided on the downstream of the transmissive chamber exit. The pressure at the secondary-side of the pressure-reduction valve is normally set higher than the primary-side pressure, during running.    USE - E.g. hydrogen separation apparatus, hydrogen isotope separation apparatus and film reactor used in fuel cell system applicable in home and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus do not cause failure of running while restraining extensive discharge of gas during permeable-film disintegration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the hydrogen permeable film property evaluation equipment.    Gas permeable film (2)    Feed chamber (3)    Transmissive chamber (4)    Thermostat (5)    Pressure-reduction valves (7,21)    Flow-regulation valves (10,23)    Flow-amount controller (13)    Flowmeter (17)
NOVELTY - The catalyst contains substance containing metal selected from nickel containing material, periodic table Ia group metal or IIa group metal. The substance is supported in a zirconia catalyst support.    USE - Catalyst for manufacturing hydrogen used in chemical industry as ammonia, and raw material for methanol.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is manufactured at high rate. The yield is high.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing method.
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium. The catalyst is used for shift reaction (1).    USE - For shift reaction for generation of hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has excellent heat resisting property and has excellent conversion efficiency of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst comprises titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium. The catalyst is used for shift reaction shown by the equation (1).    CO + H2O right arrow CO2 + H2 (1);    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the catalyst, which involves bake-processing the composite containing titanium, zirconium, vanadium, and/or niobium, and tantalum, cerium, platinum, rhodium, palladium, ruthenium, iridium, and/or osmium, and supporting the obtained baked products;    (2) shift catalytic-reaction device, which is the reactor performing the shift reaction using the shift catalyst coated at honey-comb monolith surface holding the catalyst; and    (3) fuel modification-type hydrogen generating system, fuel cell system or fuel modification-type fuel cell electric vehicle, which has shift catalytic-reaction device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the fuel modification-type hydrogen generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An electrochemical device has a cathode, an anode, a separator and a non-aqueous electrolyte and gel electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a solvent which is decomposed at cathode potential of less than 2V. The decomposition of the solvent is suppressed by adding a metal anhydride (I) to the electrolyte.    USE - For suppressing decomposition of solvent in electrolyte liquid of electrochemical device (claimed), such as lithium cell, lithium ion battery, electrical double layer capacitor and wet solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solvent decomposition suppression method inhibits decomposition reaction of graphite and solvent easily. The method enables stable operation of electrochemical device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrochemical device has a cathode, an anode, a separator and a non-aqueous electrolyte and gel electrolyte. The electrolyte contains a solvent which is decomposed at cathode potential of less than 2V. The decomposition of the solvent is suppressed by adding a metal anhydride of formula (I) to the electrolyte.    M = transition metal, III, IV or V group element;    Aa+ = metal ion, hydrogen ion or onium ion;    a,b = 1-3;    p = b/a;    m = 1-4;    n = 0-8;    q = 0 or 1;    R1 = 1-10C (halogenated)alkylene, 4-20C (halogenated)arylene, alkylene and arylene may have substituent and/or hetero atom in the structure;    R2 = halogen, 1-10C (halo)alkyl, 4-20C (halogenated)aryl or X3R3, alkyl and aryl may have substituent and hetero atom in the structure;    X1 = X3 = oxygen, sulfur or NR4; and    R3,R4 = H, 1-10C alkyl, 1-10C haloalkyl or 4-20C (halogenated)aryl, R3 and R4 may combine to form a ring and alkyl and aryl may have a substituent and heteroatom in the structure.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrochemical device using non-aqueous electrolyte containing decomposition-suppressed solvent.
NOVELTY - A calculation unit computes the amount of carbon-dioxide reductions of the fuel-cell vehicle with respect to vehicle having internal combustion engine as drive actigen. A display unit (19) displays the calculated amount of carbon-dioxide reductions.    USE - Fuel-cell vehicle equipped with fuel-cell such as hydrogen fuel-cell.    ADVANTAGE - The environmental condition of fuel-cell vehicle can be intelligibly told to the vehicle operator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the fuel-cell vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel-cell stack (3)    exhausted-hydrogen combustor (5)    compressor (6)    controller (13)    display device (19)    hydrogen tank (23)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor element has an active layer (5) comprising barrier layer, well layer and nitride semiconductor layer. The well layer and barrier layer have same band-gap energy or the band-gap energy of the barrier layer is larger than the well layer.    USE - Nitride semiconductor element such as light receiving element, light-emitting element, LED, laser diode (LD), super luminescent diode (SLD), solar cell, optical sensor, transistor and power device used for electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the active layer comprises barrier layer well layer and nitride semiconductor layer, the nitride semiconductor element of long wavelength is obtained and output of the element is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of laser element. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    nitride semiconductor substrate (1)    buffer layer (2)    N side cladding layer (3)    N side light guide layer (4)    active layer (5)    P side light-guide layer (6)    P side contact layer (8)
NOVELTY - The solar cell module includes several photovoltaic cells (18-20), each comprising a laminated arrangement of an optical absorption layer, a window layer and a transparent conductive layer on the light receiving surface of a substrate. The cells are mutually joined by joining the periphery edge of each cell to the substrate of one adjacent cell and the finger (16) of the other adjacent cell.    USE - Solar cell module is used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - As an integrated structure is adopted without using a serial connector, dead space is suppressed to the minimum and high efficiency is achieved. As the substrate is made of electroconductive material, it can be used as an electrode, thus realizing cost reduction of module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an integrated structure of the thin-film solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Finger (16)    Thin-film photovoltaic cells (18-20)    Solder (21)
NOVELTY - Gas is introduced into a discharge space under atmospheric pressure or pressure of vicinity. A base material is exposed to the gas, electric field is applied and plasma state is formed, to obtain transparent electrically conductive film containing two or more metal dopants.    USE - For forming transparent electrically conductive film used for transparent electrodes, such as flat display, solar cell, touch panel and electronic paper.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms transparent electrically conductive film having excellent light transmittance, etching property and low specific resistance, inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for transparent electrically conductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge thin-film forming apparatus.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (30)    roll rotating electrode (35)    rectangular-tube type fixing electrode (36)    voltage application unit (40)    gas supplier (50)
NOVELTY - A rhenium compound and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring ligand are reacted under microwave irradiation, to obtain rhenium complex having 2 or more heterocyclic ring ligands.    USE - For manufacturing rhenium complex used as pigment for solar cell, functional material for organic electroluminescent element, solar energy converter and photocatalyst.    ADVANTAGE - The rhenium complex is manufactured efficiently and quickly.
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer (70) having a reverse conductivity-type silicon semiconductor layer (73) and a transparent conductive layer (80) is bonded with another optoelectric transducer (20) through an intimate contact layer (90).    USE - E.g. silicon thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the efficiency of the converter. Also enables easy manufacturing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the thin-film photoelectric converter.    substrates (10,60)    thin-film optoelectric transducers (20,70)    reverse conductivity-type silicon semiconductor layer (73)    transparent conductive layer (80)    intimate contact layer (90)
NOVELTY - The transducer has semiconductor layer (30) with opening (40) formed at lower surface of the transparent substrate (20). The reverse side electrodes (32,36) respectively contact semiconductor layer and insulating film (50) provided at the opening partially and entirely.    USE - Opto-electric transducer such as photoelectric cell, solar cell used in obtaining electrical energy from fossil fuel or combustible gas using thermo-optical electro-motive force.    ADVANTAGE - Inexpensive and highly efficient thin film opto-electric transducer is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the opto-electric transducer.    transparent substrate (20)    semiconductor layer (30)    reverse side electrodes (32,36)    opening (40)    insulating film (50)
NOVELTY - An insulating resin (58b) with fluidity and hardening properties is filled into an area at which signal line (57) is arranged, so that the signal line is coated with the insulating resin. A partition unit (58a) between a detecting unit (53) and a terminal (45) for element of sensing element prevents entry of the coating liquid into the detector unit.    USE - As silicon micro sensor, for detecting leakage of hydrogen in fuel cell unit in motor vehicle, e.g. flow rate sensor for air, combustible gas, e.g. carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon group gas, pressures sensor, sensor for humid or water environment contact combustion-type combustible-gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The novel sensor prevents reduction in detection efficiency due to earth leakage of signal line by coating signal line with the insulating resin, and prevents entry of water into detector unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above sensing element assembly.    element case (41)    case board (42)    test chamber formation area (43)    terminal for elements (45)    packing (48)    sensing element (50)    detector unit (53)    signal line (57)    partition unit (58a)    insulating resin (58b)
NOVELTY - The chemical reaction between methanol aqueous solution and oxygen generates an electric power with gas and water produced at anode (56) and cathode (58). The heat generated by chemical reaction vaporizes the liquid and is permeated by gas-liquid separation membrane (70).    USE - In digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of tank for recovering liquid becomes unnecessary and results in size reduction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for camera.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of fuel cell (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (10)    heater (20)    anode (56)    cathode (58)    heat insulating filter (66)    gas-liquid separation membrane (68,70)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generator (A) comprises a pole plate (1) with front surface used as anode and back surface used as cathode. Positive and negative leads (2a,3a) are connected to the end connections (2,3) in the surfaces of the pole plate. The pole plate is immersed in water in a decomposition tank (a), to dissociate water into hydrogen and oxygen, when electricity is supplied.    USE - In electric power generating apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables to extract the hydrogen efficiently and improves the efficiency of the electric power generating apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) pole plate molding method which involves bake-processing carbon particle to high temperature at high speed. The carbon particle is then mixed with graphite powder and resin used as binder. The mixture is molded into flat pole plate by repeating rolling process;    (2) pole plate; and    (3) electric power generating apparatus comprising hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    pole plate (1)    pole plate surfaces (1a,1b)    end connections (2,3)    leads (2a,3a)    decomposition tank (a)    hydrogen generator (A)
NOVELTY - The amount of carbon-dioxide emission reductions for electric power generated by a solar cell array (2), and the amount of carbon-dioxide emission reductions for the same amount of electric power assumed to be generated by thermal power generation, is computed and displayed by LED (55).    USE - Solar power generation apparatus which operates by connecting with commercially distribution line of electric power company.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to know the contribution of solar cell array to the carbon-dioxide emission reduction at a glance, thus the consciousness to global warning prevention is strengthened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the front elevation of a remote controller with respect to a link inverter. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    remote controller (7)    display section (51)    LEDs (52,55)    total integral power consumption display LED (54)    LED which shows shutdown state (58)    environmental contribution monitor button (62)
NOVELTY - A laminated polyester film has an application layer provided on at least a surface of polyester film. The application layer consist of polymeric binder and microparticles (2-25 vol.%) having Moh's hardness of 4 or more.    USE - As electromagnetic shielding film for liquid crystal display, hard-coat, touch panel, glare-proof process, plasma display panel, organic electroluminescent display, electronic paper, and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The laminated polyester film has excellent slide property, adhesivity, and damage proof property.
NOVELTY - An anode catalyst comprises gold fine particles; conductive support where gold fine particles are coated; and member(s) from titanium, vanadium, gallium, zirconium, niobium, cerium, tantalum, indium, or their oxides.    USE - For fuel cell, e.g. solid polymer fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention has excellent performance, and is capable of maintaining the excellent activities even in an atmosphere containing carbon monoxide. It is less expensive than platinum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solid polymer fuel cell comprising anode catalyst, and anode containing catalyst.
NOVELTY - Dye-sensitized solar cell has a transparent substrate, a transparent conductor film formed on the substrate, and a conductive substrate provided at a position which relatively opposes the conductor film. The solar cell has a porous semiconductor layer and an electrolyte between the transparent conductive film and the conductive substrate. The electrolyte contains a molten salt in a network structure formed by crosslinking a compound A having at least 1 isocyanate group and a compound B having at least 1 amino group.    USE - Used as a dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - An improvement of long term stability of safety and performance, and simplification of the production process, are achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 2 shows the manufacture sequence of the dye-sensitized solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent conductive film (2)    Porous semiconductor layer (3)    Separator (4)    Platinum film (5)    Conductive substrate (6)    Gel electrolyte layer (7)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of thin film fuel cell apparatus comprises: forming a first sacrificial layer on a substrate; forming a first fuel cell (218) on the first sacrificial layer, connecting the first fuel cell to the substrate; and removing the first sacrificial layer to define a gap (220) between the substrate and the first fuel cell.    USE - For making a thin film fuel cell apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel cell is separated from the substrate by the gap, it is free from the heat sink effects of the substrate. Occurrences of thermal related stressing, cracking and delamination in the fuel cell are reduced. The fuel cell is able to better maintain an elevated operating temperature due to the gap that separates it from the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic side view of a fuel cell apparatus.    Anode layer (208)    Cathode layer (214)    Connector portion (216)    Fuel cell (218)    Gap (220)
NOVELTY - A direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell (8), comprises first compartment, anode (10), ion-conducting membrane (14), cathode (12), and second compartment, in sequence. The first and second compartments have first and second ends. The first ends have input orifice and output orifices.    USE - For use in producing electric current.    ADVANTAGE - The direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell provides closer to the thermodynamically expected efficiency of hydrogen peroxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A direct hydrogen peroxide fuel cell    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the inventive fuel cell.    Fuel cell (8)    Anode (10)    Cathode (12)    Ion conducting membrane (14)
NOVELTY - A nanotip array (300) is made by exposing a substrate to plasma to form a mask (340) material at the substrate surface so forming masked portions (330, 332) of the substrate and unmasked portions (320) of the substrate, then simultaneously etching the unmasked portions of the substrate to form nanotips (310) in the nanotip array.    USE - Used for making nanotip array for use in article, such as bio-analysis substrate or solar cell, useful in print head and organic light emitting device (claimed). The nanotip array can also be used in ultrahigh resolution scanning probe microscopy, field emission microscopy, and special electrodes for electrochemistry.    ADVANTAGE - The nanotip array is produced in a simple, economical and single step method. It is produced with a high degree of uniformity and can be produced over a large area. High density nanotip arrays can be produced with small tip diameters and large aspect ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) an article comprising nanotip array, where nanotips in the nanotip array have endpoints comprising silicon carbide;    (b) a print head or organic light emitting device including a pair of electrodes, where at least one the electrodes comprises the above article; and    (c) nanotip comprising a first portion including a first material and a second portion including a second material, where the first material is silicon carbide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-section of a nanotip array formed in a masked substrate.    Nanotip array (300)    Nanotips (310)    Unmasked portions (320)    Masked portions (330, 332)    Mask (340)
NOVELTY - Stabilized amorphous silicon film (2) is produced by depositing an amorphous silicon film having exposed surface on to a substrate (4); illuminating the film with blue or ultraviolet light (5) to form a light damaged region (2a) and a region resistant to metastable degradation; and etching the light damaged region to expose a portion of the region resistant to metastable degradation.    USE - The method is for producing a stabilized amorphous silicon amorphous silicon film used in electronic, optoelectronic, or photovoltaic device (claimed), e.g. silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides amorphous silicon film having improved resistance to metastable degradation and has improved stability when exposed to light or excess carrier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a flow diagram of the process for improving stability of the amorphous silicon.    Amorphous silicon film (2)    Damaged region (2a)    Mobile hydrogen (2b)    Bulk region (2c)    Substrate (4)    Ultraviolet light (5)    Device (10)
NOVELTY - A light receiving electrode (4) is formed at surface of a p-type silicon substrate (2) and a reverse electrode (3) is formed at reverse surface of the substrate. The reverse electrode consists of a sintered metal layer (3a) containing inorganic reinforcement of glass fiber, carbon fiber, metal fiber, glass cloth or carbon cloth.    USE - Photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE - The toughness of the reverse electrode is increased and the generation of crack in the photovoltaic cell is prevented reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photovoltaic cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the photovoltaic cell.    p-type Silicon substrate (2)    Reverse electrode (3)    Sintered metal layer (3a)    Light receiving electrode (4)    Solder layer (6)
NOVELTY - The nth solar cell, where n/-2, includes a crystalline silicone electric power generation film (14a) which is made to contact partially with another crystalline silicone layer (14b) through an insulating layer (17).    USE - Tandem-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reflection of short wavelength light and transmission of long wavelength is efficiently performed without requiring high degree film manufacturing process, while there is no problem of reduction in resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the tandem-type solar cell.    glass substrate (11)    electroconductive oxide film (12)    cell (13,14)    crystalline silicone electric power generation film (14a-14c)    insulating film (17)
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether steam reforming catalyst is obtained by mixing a zeolite containing gallium and silica, with a precursor mixture containing copper and zinc.    USE - For dimethyl ether steam reforming used for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas (claimed) used for semiconductors, hydrogenation of ammonia synthesis and organic compounds, petroleum refining, desulfurization, metallurgy and glass manufacture, and as raw material for fuel cells used as power source of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalytic activity and selectivity. Mixed gas of high hydrogen concentration is easily and economically manufactured using the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of hydrogen-containing gas.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen permeation material comprises a rock salt structure nitride film between palladium-rare earth metal alloy film and a porous support (1). A palladium film or a palladium-silver alloy film is provided on the surface of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film.    USE - Separating hydrogen from mixed gas such as crude gas containing hydrogen gas and another gas material, for use as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The material has hydrogen permeability for long period of time. The firm adhesion of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film and the nitride film improves the hydrogen permeability of the material. Deterioration of hydrogen permeability of the palladium-rare earth metal alloy film is suppressed, and oxidation of the rare earth metal is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the hydrogen permeation material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side face model of the cylindrical-shaped porous support.    porous support (1)    porous portion (2)    cap (3)    pipe (4)
NOVELTY - A counter electrode (6) made of palladium, is immersed in acidic or alkaline electrolyte (5), near a metal sample pole (3) in a container (2). Voltage is applied to the electrode and pole, such that atom of hydrogen gas mixed with argon gas distributed below the pole, is ionized. The hydrogen gas is discharged in interior space of container, and the limiting current flow in the pole and electrode are measured.    USE - For measuring the hydrogen permeation ability in metal used in manufacture of silicon used for semiconductor, fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Allows to calculate accurate hydrogen permeation ability directly, even if the concentration of the hydrogen gas used for measurement is low.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen permeation ability measuring device which includes electrolyte of acidic or alkaline or fused salt of potassium hydroxide (KOH) and sodium hydroxide (NaOH).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a model of the hydrogen permeation ability measuring device.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (2)    sample pole (3)    electrolyte (5)    counter electrode (6)    voltage application unit (9)
NOVELTY - The gas sensor (1) has a gas passageway (41) provided along the thickness direction of sensor housing, for introducing calibration gas from exterior to interior of a gas detection chamber (27). A non-return valve (44) in the passageway, regulates the gas distributed from orifice (43) for adjusting the flow amount of calibration gas introduced into detection chamber.    USE - Combustion gas sensor mounted in fuel cell vehicle, for detecting hydrogen, carbon monoxide and methane.    ADVANTAGE - Enables calibrating the gas sensor accurately at proper time. The flow amount of calibration gas can be adjusted easily and appropriately.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline sectional view of the gas sensor.    gas sensor (1)    temperature-compensation element (32)    gas detection chamber (27)    gas passageway (41)    orifice (43)    non-return valve (44)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (26) has vacuum vessels (27, 35) each provided with gas sprinkle portion (32, 36) and heat generator (33, 37), respectively. The vessels each have heat generator comprised selectively of tantalum filament or carbon filament, and are arranged in series, such that when substrate (29) for film formation is transferred using conveyor (31), multiple layers are formed on the substrate.    USE - For manufacturing thin-film devices, such as electrophotographic receptor of amorphous-silicon type, solar cell, image sensor, optical sensor and thin-film transistor (TFT), using glow-discharge plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method.    ADVANTAGE - Heat generator filaments of different composition in each vacuum vessel ensures stabilized film formation irrespective of heat generated and thereby enhances quality and reliability of thin-film device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hot-wire chemical vapor deposition apparatus for electro photographic receptor.    Hot-wire chemical vapor deposition apparatus (26)    Vacuum vessels (27, 35)    Substrate for film formation (29)    Gas sprinkle portions (32, 36)    Heat generators (33, 37)
NOVELTY - An electroconductive powder contains gold and tin containing indium oxide, and have red-color tone.    USE - For conductive paint, and electroconductive coating film (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electroconductive powder is inexpensive, and has excellent electroconductivity, transmissive property and low resistance value in red color tone.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) conductive paint containing electroconductive powder;    (2) electroconductive coating film containing electroconductive powder; and    (3) manufacture of electroconductive powder, which involves adding alkali to acid solution containing indium and tin, carrying out preliminary neutralization, adding gold-containing solution to neutralized solution, neutralizing solution, precipitating gold, heat processing tin containing indium hydroxide, and stabilizing heat-processed solution by cooling to room temperature.
NOVELTY - A film-like oxide semiconductor (A) is formed on electroconductive support. Subsequently precursor of oxide semiconductor (B) is adsorbed to oxide semiconductor (A), and oxidized, to form porous oxide semiconductor layer, and pigment sensitizing type solar cell is obtained. The obtained solar cell has photoelectric converting layer (3), electric charge carrying layer (4), and counter electrode (5), arranged sequentially.    USE - For manufacturing pigment sensitizing type solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and suppressed carrier recombination, is efficiently produced. The electron generated by the pigment is efficiently poured into a porous oxide semiconductor layer, and the overlap of wave function is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A film-like oxide semiconductor (A) is formed on an electroconductive support. Subsequently the precursor of oxide semiconductor (B) is adsorbed to the oxide semiconductor (A), and oxidized, to form porous oxide semiconductor layer, and pigment sensitizing type solar cell is manufactured. The obtained solar cell has photoelectric converting layer (3), electric charge carrying layer (4), and counter electrode (5) which is formed by adsorbing a pigment on porous oxide semiconductor layer, laminated sequentially on electroconductive support. The oxide semiconductor (A) is titanium oxide, and precursor of oxide semiconductor (B) is organic polysilane, or organic magnesium compound. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline sectional drawing of principal portion of solar cell.    transparent support component (1)    transparent conductive material (2)    photoelectric converting layer (3)    electric charge carrying layer (4)    counter electrode (5)    platinum film (6)    sealing agent (7)
NOVELTY - The photoelectrode (4) has a porous optical semiconductor layer (46). The semiconductor layer contains an oxide semiconductor particle, and a binder which contains an elastomer.    USE - For pigment sensitizing type solar cell (claimed) such as photosensitizing type photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectrode has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and flexibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the photoelectrode by coating the substrate with a slurry of oxide semiconductor particle and binder, drying and press processing; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of pigment sensitizing type photovoltaic cell.    pigment sensitizing type photovoltaic cell (2)    electrode connection portion (3)    photoelectrode (4)    counter electrode (6)    optical semiconductor layer (46)
NOVELTY - A pigment sensitized solar cell has an ultraviolet radiation shielding layer formed at a light incidence surface. The ultraviolet radiation shielding layer is formed from a resin composition containing a polymer synthesized from a monomer mixture. The monomer mixture contains an ultraviolet absorption property monomer and a monomer having a monomer and/or ultraviolet radiation stable group with 4C or more alkyl groups.    USE - Used as a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitized solar cell has high durability. The ultraviolet radiation shielding layer of the solar cell can maintain high energy conversion efficiency and high ultraviolet radiation shielding ability, even when exposed to sunlight for long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The monomer mixture contains a monomer further containing a cross-linkable functional group. The resin composition further contains a silane coupling agent.
NOVELTY - Portable electrical power supply comprises a first housing that contains a fuel cell stack (40); and a second housing containing a power conditioner and output mechanism. The second housing is movably attached to the first to move between positions relative to the first housing. In the first position the fuel cell stack is activatable to produce electricity. In the second position, the fuel cell stack is deactivated. The output mechanism is accessible to a user in the first position.    USE - For fuel cells used to produce electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - A safe and convenient fuel cell unit is provided. The fuel cell is kept separate from the power conditioning circuitry, minimizing the possibility of waste products from the fuel cell stack coming into contact with the power conditioning circuitry.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a fuel cell unit and a diagrammatic view of the internal components of a fuel cell unit.    Lower compartment (20)    Wall (21)    Plungers (22)    Hinge (25)    Fuel cell stack (40)    Power conversion circuits (60)
NOVELTY - A titanium oxide structure has an optical band gap of 2.7 -3.1 eV calculated from absorbance by an integrating sphere-type spectrophotometer and a tap density of 0.15 - 0.45 g/cm3.    USE - In thin film; as a dye sensitized electrode for production of dye sensitized solar cells for an article having a power-generation function, light-emitting function, heat-generating function, sound-generating function and moving function (claimed), e.g. power sources for building material, machine, vehicle, glass product, home appliance, agricultural material, electronic equipment, tool, tableware, bath goods, washing device, furniture, stationary, clothing, hat, shoe, umbrella, window shade, decorative window glass, cloth product, fiber, leather product, paper product, resin product, sporting goods, bedding, container, spectacle, billboard, signboard, piping, board, pipe laying, wiring, metal fitting, illumination, signal, street light, hygiene material, automobile equipment, toy, road sign, ornament, outdoor product e.g. tent and cooler box, artificial flower and cardiac pacemaker; as a composite charging device combined with lithium ion battery, chemical capacitor, electric double layer capacitor, composite cooling device combined with a Peltier element or a composite display device combined with organic EL or liquid crystal display; and as a composite device with a polymer cell.    ADVANTAGE - The structure provides large adsorbed amount of sensitizing dye, smooth electron transfer and high photoelectron conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) production of the titanium oxide structure by dry mixing a metal oxide; and    (2) production of a titanium oxide-containing metal oxide dispersion.
NOVELTY - The signals representing gas concentration sensed by sensor array (12), is generated. A microprocessor (14) calculates local gas concentration profile such as gradient of gas concentration and direction of higher gas concentration, based on sensed signal. The sensor array is moved to new location based on the profile. Measurement of gas concentration is repeated until a stopping condition is achieved.    USE - For detecting location of leakage of gas such as hydrogen, natural gas and carbon monoxide in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Efficiently and accurately determines the location of gas leakage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas leak location detection apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the gas leak location detection apparatus.    Sensor array (12)    Microprocessor (14)    Calculation system (16)    Actuator control system (18)    Display (20)    Actuator (22)
NOVELTY - Yamamoto coupling of (hetero)aromatic halogen compounds is carried out in presence of catalytic amounts of nickel Ni-(0) complex with not less than 2 different ligands, comprising at not less than 1 each from group 1 ligands with heteroatoms and group 2 ligands with pi system, and reducing agent that reconverts spent Ni into Ni-(0) in anhydrous, aprotic medium under inert atmosphere. No phosphorus (P) compound is added.    USE - The Yamamoto process is used for producing aryl-aryl coupled compounds and materials, including polymers, which are important in industry as e.g. liquid crystals, pharmaceuticals and agricultural chemicals and increasingly as organic semiconductors, e.g. in organic or polymeric LEDs, solar cells, integrated circuits, FETs, laser diodes, color filters for liquid crystal displays or organic photoreceptors.    ADVANTAGE - Using nickel Ni-(0) complexes with a special arrangement of ligand and a reducing agent makes it possible to attain an especially efficient Yamamoto process with very small, i.e. catalytic amounts of Ni, which has economic and ecological advantages. The residual Ni concentration in the product is low, which avoids discoloration and problems in use especially in organic semiconductors. Linear polymers produced by consecutive coupling from educts with 2 reactive groups have extremely long chain length and high (and controllable) molecular weight, with no (or very few) defects. Polyarylenes with a degree of polymerization of over 100, preferably over 200, especially 300 can be obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) preparation of a Ni(0) complex by mixing a reducing agent with a solution of a Ni-(II) salt in dimethyl formamide (DMF) at room temperature, slowly adding a toluene-soluble ligand solution and stirring vigorously; and    (2) polyarylenes containing less than 10 ppm P, prepared by the above process.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generation apparatus comprises a first reaction chamber (14) including a reaction cooperator, a second reaction chamber (16), a transport system (48), and a fuel supply. A volume of fuel is reformed in the first reaction chamber. The reaction cooperator moves a product other than the hydrogen product from the first reaction chamber to the second reaction chamber, and the hydrogen product is removed from the apparatus.    USE - For steam reformation of a fuel to form a hydrogen product.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus produces a pure hydrogen stream, thus increases the amount of hydrogen generated per unit of fuel and decreases the energy consumption per unit of hydrogen produced. When the initial or unpurified hydrogen stream is made pure, less is lost in any later purification process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method to reform a fuel in a reaction vessel, comprising reforming the fuel in the first chamber with a reforming agent, producing a hydrogen product and contaminant; reacting the contaminant with the separator; moving the separator to the second chamber; and removing the contaminant from the separator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a simplified cross-sectional view of a hydrogen generation vessel.    First reaction chamber (14)    Second reaction chamber (16)    Reformation reaction bed (42)    Transport system (48)    Removal reaction bed (50)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen storage composition comprises a hydrogen storage nanomaterial containing nanoparticles having an average size of 1-100 nm.    USE - For storing hydrogen used as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The composition avoids loss of hydrogen and provides complete recovery of hydrogen from the metal hydride.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming a hydrogen storage nanomaterial by condensing an atomized hydrogen storage material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a method for depositing a hydrogen storage material on a substrate.
NOVELTY - Short pulse laser beam is irradiated onto the film forming surface through a condensing lens so that irradiated pulse has pulse width in the range of 5-50 pico seconds. The transparent thin film deposited by vaporization is removed by direct ablation.    USE - Dry etching of transparent conductive thin film during fabrication of flat display panel and solar cell panels.    ADVANTAGE - Enables complete etching without damaging the substrate and heat generation by irradiating the laser pulse only for very short time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline of laser processing apparatus .    Laser resonator (2)    Mirrors (3,5)    Condensing lens (8)    Substrate (9)
NOVELTY - An insulating layer (5) is formed on an epitaxial layer (2). Partial removal of insulating layer and partial exposure of epitaxial layer are carried out, so that insulation region remains in recess of epitaxial layer and a semiconductor joint is formed on it.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Even if the groove-shaped recess accompanying grain boundary exists in epitaxial layer, electric current leak by semiconductor polycrystal substrate is prevented. A curve factor and photoelectric conversion efficiency are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view explaining solar cell manufacturing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    metal-grade silicon substrate (1)    epitaxial layer (2)    grain boundary (3)    groove (4)    glass (5)    insulation area (6)
NOVELTY - The natural power sources, such as water, petroleum and natural gas, are electrolyzed using electrical energy, to produce hydrogen as a fuel for fuel cell used in electric vehicle.    USE - For production of hydrogen, used in fuel cell for electrically powered vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system prevents ejection of carbon dioxide leading to pneumoconiosis by the exhaust gas of vehicle and global warming.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above electrical power supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An annular hollow metallic mold (21) surrounds the periphery of the base tube (22). A slurry inlet tube (26) supplies slurry towards the base tube periphery, after arranging a formwork (23) in the metallic mold. The formwork is pressed, by supplying gas into the hollow portion (27) within the metallic mold and formwork, by using a gas inlet tube (28).    USE - For forming film on periphery of tube, used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The function of the fuel cell is improved, by forming a film on the periphery of the tube. The film is easily formed in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a film forming method for tube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above film forming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    base tube (21)    metallic mold (22)    formwork (23)    slurry inlet tube (26)    hollow portion (27)    gas inlet tube (28)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel supplied at a linear velocity of 1-1000 mm/s and steam supplied at a linear velocity of 500-30000 mm/s, at a temperature of 100degreesC or more are made to contact. The temperature of the obtained mixture is set to be 120degreesC or more.    USE - For vaporizing liquid fuel e.g. kerosene, naphtha, gasoline, light oil and synthetic oil used as raw material of steam reforming and self-thermal reforming used for manufacturing hydrogen in electric power generation in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The pulsation current and retention of heavy portion which is not vaporized can be suppressed, while utilizing the boiling point reduction due to the partial pressure reduction of liquid fuel resulting from mixing with water vapor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of a liquid fuel vaporization equipment.    contact mixing vessel (1)    steam piping (2)    liquid fuel piping (3)    steam supply style (5)    liquid fuel supply flow (6)
NOVELTY - Water (3) is sealed to a pressure container (2) at high temperature pressurization state, in which internal pressure is 1 or more atmospheric pressure, and temperature is 100degreesC or more. Cooling-heat cycle of the water is repeated at low temperature pressure reduction state by reducing to 100degreesC or less, and to less than 1 atmospheric pressure. Water is decomposed and hydrogen is obtained.    USE - For manufacture of hydrogen, which is used as energy for fuel cells, internal combustion engine of motor vehicles, and alternate fuel for petroleum.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method of hydrogen is economic, easy and efficient.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    pressure container (2)    water (3)    water supply portion (4)    gas air intake outlet (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel gas regulator calculates and regulates fuel gas flow rate after change in hot gas flow, based on relationship between fuel gas flow rate and hydrogen production amount, which is found corresponding to service condition of two type of hot gas.    USE - For modifying town gas, natural gas, liquefied natural gas (LNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) and methanol, to produce hydrogen to be used by fuel cell power generating plant.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost of the apparatus and improves productivity of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (12a) regulates the opening degree of fuel gas flow rate control valve (2a), based on fuel flow amount corrected according to the density of hot gas. The modifier (9) modifies hot gas containing hydrocarbon, in presence of catalyst. The regulator adjusts fuel flow amount based on amount of hydrogen required by fuel cell. The modified gas is pressurized in a compressor (25) and then supplied to a pressure-swing-absorption apparatus (PSA) (30) where hydrogen is separated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel gas flow rate control valve (2a)    modifier (9)    carbon monoxide transformer (10)    controller (12a)    compressor (25)    PSA (30)
NOVELTY - Growth temperature of surface layer (1) of III-V group compound semiconductor layer which contains phosphorus as V-group element, and III-V group compound semiconductor layer (2) containing arsenic as V-group element, which contacts with layer (1), is controlled to 560-530degreesC, by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxial (MOVPE) method. Thus, semiconductor device is manufactured.    USE - For manufacture of semiconductor device such as electronic devices e.g. unipolar elements, bipolar elements, rectifier other than optical elements, light emitting diode, light reception diode, laser diode, solar cell, thyristor, transistor, FET and microwaves element.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method prevents the formation of V-group element mixed layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) semiconductor device; and    (2) growth method of semiconductor layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the chart, which explains the manufacture conditions for obtaining semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A set of sensors (25,27) determine the temperature of combustion catalyst and vaporizer integrated with the catalyst, respectively. A controller (23) regulates the amount of liquid fuel and air supplied to the vaporizer based on the detected temperature values.    USE - For starting fuel modifier used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures maintaining the stable combustion by setting the combustion temperature of catalyst appropriately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of combustion catalyst is determined and compared with set limits. A controller reduces/increases the feeding rate of air when the detected temperature is below or above the set limits.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of fuel modifier starting device.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    vaporizer (11)    combustion catalyst (13)    controller (23)    temperature sensors (25,27)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen manufacturing apparatus has carbon monoxide transformation catalyst (13) provided between modification catalyst (11) and hydrogen separation membrane (15).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Deterioration of hydrogen yield is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of a fuel cell system which contains the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (3)    modification catalyst (11)    shift catalyst (13)    hydrogen separation membrane (15)    hydrogen route (17)
NOVELTY - A silicon sheet has corrugated portions at least in a portion of crystal grain boundary on the front and/or reverse surface. The silicon sheet is cut at the crystal grain boundary.    USE - For solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient cutting of silicon sheet at the edge portion with reduced chipping and without any cracks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) silicon sheet obtained by above cutting method; and    (2) solar cell produced using above silicon sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows crystal grain boundary of silicon sheet before and after cutting.    crystal grains (1A,1B,2A-2C,3A-3C,4A,5B,6A-6E)    end point (P14,P36)    cutting line (Y)
NOVELTY - The filter (5) is at the inner wall of the container between the fluid inlet (2) and the liquid outlet (4), on the downward side of the container.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel apparatus drains liquid reliably, without ejecting foreign material, and cleaning of filter is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above gas-liquid separation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (1)    fluid (2)    gas discharge port (3)    liquid outlet (4)    filter (5)
NOVELTY - An ion electroconductive composition contains an amide compound having trivalent group (I), and an electrolyte.    USE - For charge transfer layer of photogalvanic cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The ion electroconductive composition provides photogalvanic cell with excellent release voltage, electric power generation property and high photoelectric conversion efficiency for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ion electroconductive composition contains an amide compound having trivalent group of formula (I), and an electrolyte. Hydrogen atom in the trivalent group does not directly couple with nitrogen atom.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photogalvanic cell (1), which comprises charge transfer layer (3) obtained using the electroconductive composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the photogalvanic cell.    photogalvanic cell (1)    optoelectric transducer (2)    charge transferring layer (3)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal device (9) is arranged downstream of a shifter (6) to remove carbon monoxide contained in the heating gas. The heating gas is reformed in a modifier (4). A main heater (13) is arranged to heat the modifier or an evaporator (3). An auxiliary heater (14) is arranged downstream to the shifter to heat the heating gas ejected from the shifter.    USE - For supplying hydrogen fuel to fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Shortens start-up time of the hydrogen supply system, by ensuring early heating due to arrangement of the auxiliary heater downstream to the shifter. The warming-up time period is also shortened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The carbon monoxide device is equipped with a heat exchange portion (10). The cathode off gas is supplied to the heat exchange portion from the cathode of a fuel cell (50) through the flow paths (34-36). Alternatively the cathode off gas is circulated through a bypass flow path.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    evaporator (3)    modifier (4)    shifter (6)    carbon monoxide removal device (9)    heat exchange portion (10)    main heater (13)    auxiliary heater (14)    flow paths (34-36)    fuel cell (50)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occlusion alloy storage container (1) having a honeycomb structure (2), includes several hydrogen occlusion alloy filled cells which are arranged along axial direction of the container. A fin (4) for heat exchange is mechanically wound around the periphery of the container.    USE - In hydrogen storage/transit system, heat pump, actuator. Also used in manufacture of nickel hydrogen battery and hydrogen fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - By using specially designed container, the hydrogen occlusion alloy is uniformly distributed, thereby preventing the damage caused to the container due to stress generated during hydrogen occlusion process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen occlusion alloy storage container manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen occlusion alloy storage container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    container (1)    honeycomb structure (2)    shock absorbing material (3)    fin (4)    filter (6)    safety valve (7)
NOVELTY - A film containing silicon compound obtained by heating grain-shape silicon, is melted to form a silicon melt solution. A portion of silicon melt solution is ejected from film and a micro protrusion is formed. The ejected solution is coagulated by cooling, to form a grain shape silicon crystal.    USE - For manufacture of grain shape silicon crystal used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The grain shape silicon crystal is manufactured with high efficiency, reliability and quality. The grain shape silicon crystal has improved crystallinity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows temperature profile of manufacture of grain shape silicon crystal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The p-type nitride semiconductor device comprises a nitride semiconductor layer having a higher concentration of oxygen than the p-type impurity.    USE - P-type nitride semiconductor device e.g. solar cell, photosensor, light emitting diode (LED) and laser diode (LD).    ADVANTAGE - Improves the luminous efficiency and light reception efficiency of the p-type nitride semiconductor device, by controlling the carrier concentration. Nitride semiconductor layer with excellent crystallinity is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the graphical representation explaining the relationship between annealing temperature and resistivity of p-type nitride semiconductor device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A photoelectric-conversion unit having n-type silicon layer (105), fine-crystal silicon layer (104) and p-type silicon layer (103), converts light energy into electrical energy. A transparent conductive layer (102) containing indium oxide and zinc, is formed on both sides of the photoelectric-conversion unit.    USE - Thin-film solar cell e.g. fine-crystal silicon solar cell, single crystal-silicon solar cell, polycrystalline-silicon solar cell, pigment sensitizing solar cell such as wet solar cell and Gratzel solar cell, used in electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell by simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the thin-film solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Thin-film solar cell (100)    Substrate (101)    Transparent conductive layer (102)    p-type silicon layer (103)    Fine-crystal silicon layer (104)    n-type silicon layer (105)
NOVELTY - The transducer includes a porous semiconductor layer (31) formed on a transparent substrate (11). The semiconductor layer is coated by coating layer (32) consisting of same material as semiconductor layer and another coating layer (33) comprising chalcogenide of semiconductor and metal. The substrate absorbs sensitive dye from the layer.    USE - Optoelectric transducer e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transducer with high photoelectric conversion efficiency and increased light releasing voltage is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for optoelectric transducer manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the optoelectric transducer.    Transparent substrate (11)    Photo electrode layer (22)    Porous semiconductor layer (31)    Coating layers (32,33)
NOVELTY - A preprocessor (1) has two activated carbon-filled containers (5,7) connected in series for processing biogas (3) produced from organic waste and for supplying fuel to a cell power generating device.    USE - Fuel cell electric power generation system for generating electricity using biogas fuel.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved impurity adsorption property of pre-processor using activated carbon. The lifetime of activated carbon is improved and running cost is decreased with improved operation cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electric power generation system operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows outline systematic diagram of fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    preprocessor (1)    fuel cell power generating device (2)    biogas (3)    containers (5,7)    activated carbon for sulfur adsorption (11)    activated carbon for ammonia adsorption (12)    activated carbon for chlorine adsorption (13)
NOVELTY - The negative electrode material consists of multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbon with the ratio of hydrogen and carbon lies between 0.50-0.05. The surface area of negative electrode material calculated by Brunauer Emmett Teller (BET) method, lies between 0.1-5m/g. The estimated amount of negative electrode material in negative electrode is less than 6g/cm2.    USE - Negative electrode used in lithium battery (claimed) for electric vehicle and solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the charge acceptance property of the negative electrode, thereby increasing the utilization period of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for lithium battery.
NOVELTY - The cathode material comprises multi-ring aromatic hydrocarbon which has hydrogen/carbon ratio exist in the range of 0.05-0.50 and specific-surface-area exists in the range 0.1-50 m2/g by Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) method. The aromatic hydro carbon has mean particle diameter of 10 microns or less and volume fraction for the particles of size 1 microns or less is 1% or more.    USE - Cathode material for non-aqueous secondary battery (claimed) such as lithium ion battery used in solar electric power storage system, mobile telephone and electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The cathode material is excellent in high capacity and charging acceptance property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) cathode for non-aqueous secondary battery; and    (2) non-aqueous secondary battery.
NOVELTY - A sensing element (50) outputs a detection signal corresponding to the density of combustible gas, based on the catalyst that oxidizes combustible gas at contact condition and based on change in electrical property due to increase in temperature of gas during oxidizing process. A heater (60) heats the gas to be measured which is supplied to measurement space between sensing element and heater.    USE - For detecting density of combustible gas and for detecting leakage of hydrogen in fuel cell unit of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel gas sensor stabilizes detection output, regardless of the variation in temperature of the measurement gas and that of the sensing element. It also prevents reduction in detection efficiency by preventing dew formation and entry of water, and prevents generation of fault due to vibration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas passageway mechanism of the above sensor.    gas sensor (10)    flow path formation unit (23)    gas aperture (24)    sensing element assembly (40)    sensing element (50)    heater (60)    gas passageway mechanism (70)
NOVELTY - A determining unit (8) determines whether the concentration of the gas detected by the hydrogen gas sensor (4) exceeds preset value based on which a detector (9) detects whether the gas sensor is abnormal or normal. A warning unit (7) produces warning signal when the sensor is abnormal.    USE - For determining state of combustion-type hydrogen gas sensor used in fuel cell mounted vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The abnormality state of the gas sensor is determined by exposing the sensor to high concentration gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system equipped with hydrogen gas sensor state determination apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen gas sensor state determination apparatus (1)    hydrogen gas sensor (4)    warning unit (7)    determining unit (8)    detector (9)
NOVELTY - A vaporizer (1) and water supply opening (11), are provided to supply fuel and water separately. The vaporizer and the opening are connected to the combustion chambers (2,3) through an exhaust gas path (8) which is connected to heat exchange tubes (10) to exchange heat during combustion of fuel.    USE - Evaporator for motor vehicle using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces starting time of the fuel cell system. Prevents water dripping and reduces amount of carbon monoxide thereby reducing thermal decomposition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The exhaust gas path is provided at periphery of walls (4,5,6) parallel to flow of combustion flame in combustion chamber and is connected to side of a partition wall (7) adjoined to a steam mixing chamber (13). A pinhole (7a) connects combustion chamber and the steam mixing chamber to the partition wall.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system which has a modifier (28) and combustor (29) to burn hydrogen gas emitted from a fuel cell (32) which generates electric power. A combustion gas path (22) is provided to pass gas of the combustor; and    (2) control method of the fuel cell system which involves controlling combustion gas to pass through combustion gas path when temperature of the hydrogen gas is suitable for reformation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional views of the fuel cell system with an evaporator.    vaporizer (1)    combustion chambers (2,3)    sidewalls (4,5,6)    partition wall (7)    pinhole (7a)    exhaust gas path (8)    heat exchange tubes (10)    opening (11)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occluding-composite-metal powder (10) has a core (11) containing magnesium as main component, whose periphery is provided with coating layer (12). The coating layer contains nickel, niobium or cobalt as main component. The average particle diameter of the composite particle in the composite-metal powder, is 10 nm to 100 microns.    USE - For fuel cell electric vehicle (claimed) and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The composite-metal powder has high hydrogen storage capacity, and low hydrogen dissociation temperature. The hydrogen absorption rate of composite-metal powder is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) composite-metal powder manufacturing apparatus;    (2) manufacturing method of composite-metal powder; and    (3) fuel cell electric vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the composite-metal powder.    composite-metal powder (10)    core (11)    coating layer (12)
NOVELTY - 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound of specific formula, is new.    USE - As charge-transporting material for organic electroluminescent element (both claimed), electrophotographic photoreceptor, optoelectric transducer, organic solar cell and organic rectifier.    ADVANTAGE - 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound has excellent hole-transporting property, low ionization potential, low crystallinity, high melting point and high glass transition temperature. 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound provides organic electroluminescent with improved luminescence and light-emitting property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound of formula (I), is new.    R1-R6=(un)substituted (alkyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group or aromatic heterocyclic group).    R1-R6 couple with adjacent groups or optionally couple with carbon atom of benzene ring or anthracene ring of compound (I), and form a ring. Benzene ring and anthracene ring of compound (I) optionally have substituent in addition to amino group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) charge transporting material, which contains 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound; and    (2) organic electroluminescent element. The organic electroluminescent element consists of a pair of electrodes and an organic light-emitting layer (5), on a substrate (1). A layer containing 2,6-aryl amino anthracene-type compound is provided between organic light-emitting layer and electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-sectional view of a structure of organic electroluminescent element.    substrate (1)    anode (2)    hole carrying layer (4)    light-emitting layer (5)    cathode (7)
NOVELTY - Silicon compound film containing gas component, is formed by heating grain-shaped silicon in controlled atmosphere of oxygen and reactive gases. Silicon is melted and temperature is reduced, followed by solidification and single-crystallization, to form grain-shaped single-crystal silicon. Reactive gas is introduced at temperature higher than room temperature and lower than silicon melting point.    USE - For manufacturing grain-shaped single-crystal silicon for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method enables economical and stable mass-production of high-quality grain-shaped single-crystal silicon having excellent crystallinity and opening-voltage characteristics. The silicon film is formed with high strength and density. The oxide film need not be thickened for melting silicon. The introduction effect of nitrogen suppresses distortion by boundary surface. Generation of defects is reduced, and barrier property and diffusion prevention force of impurities are improved. The size and shape of grain-shaped silicon are stabilized. Effective use of resources is enabled. The quantity of oxygen mixed in silicon film is reduced. The obtained grain-shaped single-crystal silicon provides efficient and reliable solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A silicon compound film containing the component of gas in the surface, is formed by heating a grain-shape silicon in a controlled atmosphere containing oxygen gas and a reactive gas of nitrogen. The silicon is melted and temperature-reduction is carried out, followed by solidification and single-crystallization, to obtain grain-shaped single-crystal silicon. The reactive gas is introduced at a temperature higher than room temperature and lower than the melting point of silicon.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor substance is heated in a controlled atmospheric containing a reactive gas, to form a film on the semiconductor substance surface. The semiconductor substance is melted, solidified and crystallized. Oxygen gas and nitrogen gas are used as the reactive gas. The gas component is present in the surface of the film.    USE - For manufacture of grain-shape silicon for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - High quality single crystal having excellent crystallinity, is obtained stably. Oxygen concentration is reduced. Particle size of the crystal is reduced. Industrial manufacture of the single crystal is performed efficiently, reliably and economically, without any special apparatus. Thickness of the oxynitride film is reduced. Magnitude and shape of the grain-shape semiconductor substance are stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The controlled atmosphere contains argon gas, or oxygen and nitrogen. The semiconductor substance consists of silicon. The film is an oxynitride film of silicon. The semiconductor substance is melted at 1450degreesC or less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the temperature profile for the single-crystallization method of the semiconductor substance. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The chemical reactor includes a main substrate (10) whose sides are formed with reaction flow path (20) and thin film heater (40) equipped with wiring electrode (50), respectively, with open ends of the flow path being closed by close substrate (30).    USE - Chemical reactor for fuel cell system (claimed) for manufacturing semiconductor device such as integrated circuit and also for manufacturing micro machines.    ADVANTAGE - By exposing a portion of the wiring electrode, Planarization of the insulating overcoat is provided, thereby resulting in reduced structure of the chemical reactor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An insulating overcoat (60) selected from oxide or nitride group is formed on the main substrate such that the upper surface of the wiring electrode is exposed.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) chemical reactor manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the chemical reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Main substrate (10)    Reaction flow path (20)    Close substrate (30)    Thin film heater (40)    Wiring electrode (50)    Insulating overcoat (60)
NOVELTY - A polyphenylene sulfide group resin coating is provided on metal base surface through a thermally modified film. The thermally modified film is obtained by forming a thin film of epoxy resin, fatty acid and/or hydroxy substituted phenol on metal surface and heat processing at 350-450 degrees C.    USE - For containers of aluminum electrolytic capacitors (claimed), batteries such as lithium ion secondary battery and for electric insulation containers for motor, transformers and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coated metal material is excellent in bonding strength, fabricating property, solvent resistance and chemical resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of polyphenylene sulfide resin coated metal material which involves forming polyphenylene sulfide group resin on the thermally modified film and heat fusing at more than 50 degrees C of crystal melting peak temperature of the resin; and    (2) compact of resin coated metal material.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric converting layer (108) has an n-type inorganic semiconductor powder (106) dispersed on the surface of a p-type organic semiconductor layer (105).    USE - Used as a sheet-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has increased conversion efficiency, and reduced manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of solar cell schematically. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (100)    metal electrode (101)    lead-out electrode (102)    protection resin (103)    transparent substrate (104)    p-type organic semiconductor layer (105)    n-type inorganic semiconductor powder (106)
NOVELTY - A plate-shaped interconnector (10) connects a light receiving surface electrode (9) of one photovoltaic cell (13a) and reverse-side electrode (6) of adjacent cell (13b) in serially connected cells. The thickness of the intermediate portion (10c) and one connection portion (10b), is more than the thickness of other connection portion (10a) of the interconnector.    USE - For solar cell module panel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The curved factor is improved by decreasing series resistance among solar cell properties, and the thickened interconnector portion absorbs stress caused during joining, and prevents cracks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) solar cell module manufacture method; and    (2) solar cell module panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell module.    reverse-side electrode (6)    light receiving surface electrode (9)    interconnector (10)    connection portions (10a,10b)    intermediate portion (10c)    photovoltaic cells (13a,13b)
NOVELTY - The electrode structure which consists of a pair of electrodes and solid-electrolyte film, is interposed and joined to a pair of carbon separators (4,5) with a fluid sealant. The separators are curved to form concave coolant surfaces.    USE - For manufacturing fuel cell such as phosphoric acid fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables increasing the productive efficiency of the fuel cell and prevents the cracking of separators. Enables forming a fuel cell with favorable stacking efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline structural view of the fuel cell which clamps the electrode structure with the separators.    carbon separators (4,5)    reactive-gas flow paths (4a,5a)    cooling medium flow paths (4b,5b)
NOVELTY - A gasket (1) made of a combination of at least two polymers, comprises a separator (2), a gaseous diffusion layer and a polymeric electrolyte film electrode.    USE - Used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Gas permeable problem and cost of the gasket are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the gasket. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gasket (1)    separator (2)    adhesive agent (3)    silicone rubber layer (5)    fluororubber layer (6)
NOVELTY - The reverse-side protective sheet comprises at least one layer containing inorganic fiber paper or inorganic fiber cloth.    USE - Solar cells and solar cell modules (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The reverse-side protective sheet for solar cells and solar cell modules has excellent dimensional stability, electrical insulation property, weather resistance and damp-proof property. The sheet is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar cell and solar cell module.
NOVELTY - The electrode catalyst comprises platinum or platinum alloy supported on carbon black. The catalyst has pH of 2-7 when measured by JIS K1474.    USE - For solid polymer electrolyte type fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode catalyst has high affinity to solid polymer electrolyte, especially to perfluoro carbon sulfonic acid type resin.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module containing tempered glass, number of cells consisting of silicon wafer and ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) arranged between cells and/or glass is immersed into nitric acid. EVA is decomposed and removed to separate and recover silicon wafer and tempered glass efficiently from the solar cell module. The nitric acid is maintained at 50 degreesC or more and has added surfactant.    USE - Recovering silicon wafer and tempered glass from solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Recovering silicon wafer and tempered glass from solar cell module is highly effective in regenerating silicon wafer and tempered glass from inferior materials produced during manufacturing solar cell module or from abandoned or used solar cell module. The method is inexpensive and consumes less time and energy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) regeneration of silicon wafer; and    (2) recovery and regeneration of silicon wafer and/or tempered glass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of the solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Binary type alloy microparticles have a specific composition formula containing a noble metal and a transition metal.    USE - Used as a catalyst for methanol poles of methanol fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The binary type alloy microparticles increase the oxidation activity, and decreases the overvoltage in the methanol pole of a methanol fuel cell. Methanol fuel is obtained by synthesizing a binary type alloy microparticle catalyst by an alcohol reduction method by an organic protective agent or activated carbon. A heavy current is passed by the improvement of output voltage. The particle does not receive the poisoning by an adsorption species, hence long run of the catalyst is maintained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The binary type alloy microparticles have composition of AxBy, where A is a noble metal chosen from gold, platinum, palladium, silver, iridium, rhenium, ruthenium, osmium and rhodium. B is a transition metal chosen from iron, cobalt and nickel, x is 20-80 at.% and y is 20-80 at.%.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of binary type alloy microparticles.
NOVELTY - A unified processing circuit processes cell voltage output signal of fuel cell stack (1). A connector (4) connects the processing circuit with terminals (3) provided extending from separators (12) of the fuel cell.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Eliminates the connection points of the processing circuit with the connector. Improves connection reliability and achieves size reduction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the fuel cell.    fuel cell stack (1)    single cell (2)    terminals (3)    connector (4)    circuit board (10)    separators (12)
NOVELTY - Reformer unit is formed as a reformer component unit (32) with an integrated operating medium vaporizer (30).    USE - For a vehicle fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Short start-up times and a dynamic regulation of the reforming process are achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of hydrogen by reforming an operating medium using the above unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the reformer unit.    Fuel (20)    Water (24)    Air (26)    Operating medium (28)    Operating medium vaporizer (30)    Reformer component unit (32)    Operating medium nozzle (38)    Mixing chamber (40)    Catalytic burner-vaporizer component (44)    Air feed element (46)    Fuel injector (48)    Water injector (50)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator using electromagnetic waves to generate hydrogen from ammonia.    USE - The hydrogen generator is useful for powering fuel-cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia has a high hydrogen content from a relatively small volume, high energy density and is nonflammable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen generation method, comprises:    (a) storing anhydrous ammonia fuel in liquid phase under pressure;    (b) vaporizing this into gaseous ammonia;    (c) generating electromagnetic radiation; and    (d) dissociating the gaseous ammonia into a mixture of gaseous nitrogen and gaseous hydrogen using the radiation.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for a hydrogen generation system comprising an ammonia tank, ammonia vaporizer, electromagnetic wave source, and electromagnetic dissociator, with optional ammonia recovery and nitrogen recovery for residual gases.
NOVELTY - A flow-through device using photodissociation to crack ammonia into nitrogen and hydrogen using ultraviolet light and a catalyst    USE - The device is useful as a hydrogen generator for powering fuel-cell vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia has a high hydrogen content from a relatively small volume, high energy density and is nonflammable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ammonia photodissociation device, comprises:    (a) a flow-through fluid channel having a middle, an inner surface, an inlet port for the inflow of gaseous ammonia, and an outlet port for the outflow of gaseous nitrogen and gaseous hydrogen;    (b) a porous membrane for separating (a) into a chamber adjacent the inlet port and a second chamber adjacent the outlet port, that is securely attached to the middle of (a), having pores that provide fluid communication between the two chambers;    (c) a catalyst on (b) that increases the rate of chemical reactions; and    (d) a ultraviolet light source for generating an electromagnetic radiation in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum, that is mounted inside (a) to dissociate gaseous ammonia into a mixture of gaseous nitrogen and gaseous hydrogen.
NOVELTY - The electrode substrate (1) has a metal wiring layer (12) which is coated by an insulation layer (14) containing glass component. The metal wiring layer is formed by printing paste containing glass frits.    USE - Electrode substrate for photoelectric conversion element (claimed) in pigment sensitizing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents corrosion and current leakage of the metal wiring layer effectively, and improves photoelectric conversion efficiency by coating insulation layer on metal wiring layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) photoelectric conversion element;    (b) conductive glass substrate;    (c) pigment sensitizing solar cell; and    (d) conductive glass substrate production.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the photoelectric conversion element.    electrode substrate (1)    metal wiring layer (12)    insulation layer (14)
NOVELTY - Performance in a fuel cell connected to an external load is improved by taking the load off the cell; cycling between a minimum voltage and at least 50% of a maximum voltage drawn from the cell until a maximum current is reached and cycling between a minimum load and at least 50% of the maximum load, until a maximum voltage is obtained.    USE - For improved performance in a fuel cell e.g. liquid feed fuel cell such as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and their stack having a loss in power output of at least 5% of an initial power output (claimed) in portable or traction power applications.    ADVANTAGE - The method recovers a temporary decay due to accumulation of water at the cathode electrode, accumulation of carbon dioxide (CO2) at the anode electrode and the diffusion layer and accumulation of carbon monoxide (CO) at the anode electrode for given fuel cells and stack designs and operating conditions and thus the regeneration procedures may be performed right after the stack is shut down or at the start up period. Thus the process results in considerable improvement in performance of the cell after regeneration both in terms of power output and the rate of drop in voltage with time and produces a stable power output at given fuel cell operating conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Performance in a fuel cell connected to an external load is improved by taking the load off the cell; cycling between a minimum voltage and at least 50% of a maximum voltage drawn from the cell until a maximum current is reached and cycling between a minimum load and at least 50% of the maximum load, until a maximum voltage is obtained. The fuel in a fuel cell is a liquid comprising an anolyte that flows through the cell. The fuel cell comprises cathode, an anode, anode chamber, cathode chamber, the liquid, and a catholyte gas.
NOVELTY - Performance in a fuel cell connected to an external load and having a loss in power output of at least 5% of an initial power output, is improved by taking the load off the fuel cell; and applying an external electric field to the fuel cell to reverse electrochemical reaction until the lost power output is regained.    USE - For improved performance in a fuel cell e.g. liquid feed fuel cell such as direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) and their stack having a loss in power output of at least 5% of an initial power output (claimed) in portable or traction power applications.    ADVANTAGE - The process results in considerable improvement in performance of the cell, after regeneration as compared to that before regeneration, both in terms of power output and the rate of drop in voltage with time. Thus the process produces a stable power output at given fuel cell operating conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Performance in a fuel cell connected to an external load and having a loss in power output of at least 5% of an initial power output, is improved by taking the load off the fuel cell; and applying an external electric field to the fuel cell to reverse electrochemical reaction until the lost power output is regained. The fuel cell comprises cathode, an anode, an anode chamber, a cathode chamber, a fuel comprising an anolyte that flows through the cell and a catholyte gas.
NOVELTY - Production (P1) of hydrogen gas involves contacting a hydrocarbon fuel with iodine to form a mixture followed by heating.    USE - In the manufacture of various products, e.g. metals, hydrotreating and hydrocracking in refineries, commercial catalytic hydrogenation for high volume chemicals, edible fats and oils processing, and in semiconductors and microelectronics industrial processes.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows less or no impurities to be formed, and requires low capital costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system (S1) comprising a hydrogen gas generator, and a fuel cell capable of generating electricity by using hydrogen gas as a fuel.
NOVELTY - A controller has control lines (350, 320, 340, 310) respectively for blower (35), purge valve (72), hydrogen recirculation pump (64) and coolant recirculation pump (13). The controller splits the operating range including idle run of fuel cell (12) depending on load, by current measured by ammeter (250) and controls the peripherals accordingly.    USE - For generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents unnecessary hash level operation of peripherals when fuel cell is not running at optimum level or idling as the controller splits the operating range by current drawn by load circuit and controls peripherals accordingly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operation method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell (12)    Coolant recirculation pump (13)    Blower (35)    Hydrogen recirculation pump (64)    Purge valve (72)    Ammeter (250)    Control lines (310, 320, 340, 350)
NOVELTY - The controller performs feed back control of ammeter (250) and logic module (308) operates the air blower (35) to deliver process fluid to the system, according to the current load and operating parameters in storage module (302). The controller bypasses feed back control and raises speed of blower quickly, when large load demand is input by user input module (260).    USE - Used as power sources in vehicles such as car, bus and large vehicles, and also for power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to meet large transient loads quickly, by performing the bypass normal feed back control of load on demand by external user input module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of controller of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Blower (35)    Ammeter (250)    User input (260)    Storage module (302)    Linkage module (306)
NOVELTY - A setpoint operating level of blower (35) of a fuel cell system, is determined corresponding to current operating level of fuel cell system. The blower is adjusted to operate at determined setpoint operating level. The operating level of blower is controlled, based on closed loop feedback when the operating level of blower is within selected difference from setpoint operating level.    USE - For controlling process gas blower used for delivering process gases e.g. air and hydrogen gas streams to fuel cell stack e.g. proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell stack of fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The combination of open and closed loop process control is used to regulate the cathode air delivery by controlling blower rotation speed efficiently and securely and to bring the fuel cell system near the desired operating condition rapidly and stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) process gas blower control system; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram of a fuel cell gas and water management system.    Fuel cell (12)    Pump (13)    Blower (35)    Water separator (100)    Controller (300)
NOVELTY - Catalyst for fuel battery comprises a conductive carrier, and a catalyst layer comprising Pt, Ru or Pt alloy covering carrier.    USE - For use in fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The novel catalyst has high activity and has high speed of reaction with fuels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for;    (1) Preparation of the above catalyst, and    (2) A fuel battery using the above catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the above catalyst.    Carbon particles (11)    Pt particles (12)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell has liquid electrolyte, fuel, oxidant flow fields, each with reactant and electrolyte manifold openings. Conductive electrodes with catalyst deposited on its surface, are interposed between flow fields, so that catalyst contacts with liquid electrolyte flow field. Sealant (17) encapsulating flow fields and electrodes, seals respective channels of fields and electrodes, to block ports.    USE - Electrochemical cassette in electrochemical application, fuel cell used in space and military applications, flow-through batteries, ion-exchange applications.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the production of fuel cell stack with minimum labor, thereby significantly reducing the cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrochemical stack; and    (2) electrochemical cassette manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the liquid electrolyte flow field with manifold.    oxidant port (12)    fuel port (14)    electrolyte port (16)    sealant (17)    sealant manifolds (18)
NOVELTY - The liquid fuel reservoir (200) has a container (242) with a fuel discharge port (248). A wicking structure (244) is provided within the container to wick the fuel by capillary action towards the port which is provided with one-way valve (251). The wicking structure occupying 50% of the volume of container has vertical posts linked by cross-bars extending along the front and back side of container walls.    USE - For fuel cell used in cell phone, micro-reformer.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the back flow of the fluid from the container as the one-way valve is provided in the ports. Allows liquid communication through the discharge port reliably using capillary action.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for method for dispensing liquid fuel from container to fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of the liquid fuel reservoir.    liquid fuel reservoir (200)    container (242)    wicking structure (244)    discharge port (248)    one-way valve (251)
NOVELTY - Iron silicide sputtering target contains 1000 ppm or less of oxygen in target gas.    USE - The product can be used in optical communication elements and solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The product has little oxygen impurity, can form thick beta GeSi2 film, little particle generation and renders film uniformity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the preparation of the sputtering target.
NOVELTY - Apparatus for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready CO2 has two fluidized bed reactors, two solids transfer lines to circulate solids mixtures between the reactors, two inlet feeds for respectively charging reactors with high temperature steam and syngas and with high temperature steam and O2, and mechanisms to remove pure H2 and CO2 and SO2 from the reactors.    USE - The apparatus is used for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready carbon dioxide.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows sulfur compounds present in small amounts in the syngas feed to leave as sulfur dioxide in the sequestration ready carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus for separating syngas into fuel cell quality hydrogen and sequestration ready carbon dioxide comprises two fluidized bed reactors (10, 12) containing solids containing calcium compounds present as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, and/or calcium carbonate, and iron compounds present as iron oxide (FeO), iron oxide (Fe3O4), and/or iron oxide (Fe2O3); two solids transfer lines (14, 16) for circulating the solids mixtures between the fluidized bed reactors; a first inlet feed (22) for charging the first fluidized bed reactor with high temperature steam and syngas; a second inlet feed (24) for charging the second fluidized bed reactor with high temperature steam and oxygen; mechanism for removing pure hydrogen from the first fluidized bed reactor; and mechanism for removing carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide from the second fluidized bed reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram of a syngas separation method and apparatus.    Fluidized bed reactors (10, 12)    Solids transfer lines (14, 16)    First inlet feed (22)    Second inlet feed (24)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell assembly has: fuel cell(s) having anode (20), cathode (30), and electrolyte; fluid flow channel(s) disposed within fuel cell for delivering fluid; and array(s) of flow disrupters (25) in contact with anode, cathode, and electrolyte, and protruding into fluid flow channels to disrupt flow of fluid and enhance heat transfer rate between fluid and cell assembly.    USE - Used to generate electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has improved fluid passages that provide improved heat transfer characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is an exemplary arrangement of flow disrupters in single fuel cell.    Anode (20)    Flow disrupters (25)    Cathode (30)    Fuel (34)    Oxidant (38)
NOVELTY - Generation of hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device by hydrolyzing borohydride particles with water in an axial flow reactor (20) to produce reaction products to expose unreacted borohydride particle surfaces for reaction with the water and conveying the mixed materials through the reactor. The mixing and conveying steps are performed using two rotating augers (28, 30).    USE - For generating hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method uses a hydrogen generation system that is compact and requires a minimal amount of power consuming equipment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Generation of hydrogen in a fuel supply system combined with a hydrogen fueled power device involves conveying lithium borohydride and/or sodium borohydride particles to an axial flow reactor for hydrogen from the power device. Water is injected into the axial flow reactor. The amount of water is chemically balanced to the amount of the borohydride for the hydrolysis of the borohydride. The borohydride particles are hydrolyzed with the water in the reactor at 90 degrees Celsius to produce reaction products comprising hydrogen gas and solid by-products in the reactor to expose unreacted borohydride particle surfaces for reaction with the water. The mixed materials are conveyed through the reactor. The mixing and conveying steps are performed using two rotating augers. The rate of conveying of the borohydride is controlled to retain a hydrogen gas volume in the reactor. The reaction products are removed from the reactor. The hydrogen gas is conveyed to the hydrogen fueled device or to a hydrogen buffer container (70) for the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is schematic view of a hydrogen generation system.    Axial flow reactor (20)    Rotating augers (28, 30)    By-products storage vessel (50)    Buffer container (70)
NOVELTY - A high efficiency solar cell and a method for manufacturing the same are provided to be capable of preventing the performance deterioration due to heat load, reducing process time, and decreasing the fabrication cost of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high efficiency solar cell is provided with the first conductive type semiconductor substrate (11), the second conductive type semiconductor layer (12) formed at the upper portion of the first conductive type semiconductor substrate, a pn junction formed between the first conductive type semiconductor substrate and the second conductive type semiconductor layer, an oxide layer (13a) formed on the second conductive type semiconductor layer, and a plurality of grooves (14) for exposing the first conductive type semiconductor substrate. The high efficiency solar cell further includes an N+ silicon layer (15) formed in each groove, a silicon contained metal layer (16) formed on the N+ silicon layer for filling the groove, a front electrode (17) formed on the silicon contained metal layer, and a rear electrode (20) formed at the back side of the first conductive type semiconductor substrate.
NOVELTY - A dehydrogenation device having tubular injector with holes which supply a hydrocarbon fuel to a catalyst provided at inner wall of a cylinder (12), performs dehydrogenation of fuel, using catalyst. A reaction unit (1) has liquid heating medium (7) which heats catalyst from outer side of cylinder. A separation tank separates hydrogen gas from dehydrogenation product obtained from the dehydrogenation device.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas used in fuel cell mounted in vehicles such as electric vehicles, and for use as fuel for vehicle engine.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the size and weight of the apparatus, by using several tubular dehydrogenation devices. Improves the dehydrogenation efficiency per unit volume, and improves the amount of generation of pure hydrogen gas, and improves energy efficiency of the apparatus, by using the waste heat of the hydrogen-fueled engine, for heating the catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reaction unit has several tubular dehydrogenation devices (5a1-5an) arranged in preset intervals. The heating medium heats the catalyst of each dehydrogenation device. A cooling-water circulation system controls the temperature of heating medium flowing through heating-medium circulation system of the apparatus, so as to maintain the catalyst at the suitable temperature. The separation tank storing hydrocarbon fuel, and having hydrogen-gas discharge port, has a separation membrane which permits transmission of hydrogen gas and prevents transmission of the dehydrogenation product. A multiple-chamber type storage tank has a dehydrogenation-product storage chamber for storing product from which hydrogen is removed, and fuel storage chamber, which are divided by a movable partition wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an enlarged perspective view of the reaction unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction unit (1)    dehydrogenation devices (5a1-5an)    heating medium (7)    cylinder (12)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is blown in a reaction tank (2) containing inert gas (1) and molten metal (3a,3b) like, lithium (Li) and sodium (Na), to produce metal hydride (5a,5b) like, lithium hydride (LiH) and sodium hydride (NaH). The LiH or NaH, is separated from Li or Na, by difference in their specific gravity, solidified, extracted in strip-shape and wound to form coil.    USE - Hydrogen generating compound coil manufacturing method e.g. for fuel cell and hydrogen fueled engine.    ADVANTAGE - Necessary amount of hydrogen is continuously produced by using the coil which is produced using a simple process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature within the reaction tank is maintained within 790-830degreesC and 680-710degreesC, during production of NaH and LiH which are coated with synthetic resin (9), respectively. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen generating compound coil manufacturing apparatus;    (2) hydrogen generating compound coil;    (3) hydrogen generating method which involves spraying water on front end of coil to produce sodium hydroxide or lithium hydroxide from which hydrogen is generated continuously and    (4) hydrogen generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of hydrogen generating compound coil manufacturing apparatus.    inert gas (1)    reaction tank (2)    molten metal (3a,3b)    metal hydride (5a,5b)    synthetic resin (9)    strip processing apparatus (12)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst is stored in a cylindrical container (11). A high heat conductivity material (25) having heat conductivity more than a modification catalyst layer (17) is arranged along the gas flow path of the modification catalyst layer. The source gas is modified into hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol, when the gas contacts the modification catalyst at a modification temperature of about 700 degrees C.    USE - For generating hydrogen used in e.g. fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain uniform temperature distribution of the modification catalyst layer, by using the high heat conductivity material and thereby the modification efficiency is increased. The flow of gas into the modification catalyst layer is not restrained, by arranging plate or cylindrical shaped high heat conductivity material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The high heat conductivity material is formed in the shape of a plate or cylinder and is selected from metal or ceramics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    hydrogen generator (10)    cylindrical container (11)    modification catalyst layer (17)    gas dispersion chamber (22)    high heat conductivity material (25)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen recovery chamber and an outer cylinder enclose the air-permeable inner cylinder (12) having several reaction chambers (38) filled with modification catalyst (13). The inner cylinder is rotated towards hydrogen separation membrane (28) of outer cylinder so that hydrogen generated by reforming source gas using catalyst is transferred from reaction chamber to hydrogen collection chamber.    USE - Generating hydrogen that is supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The need for pump and compressor to supply source gas or to increase the pressure of source gas is eliminated, hence the overall size of the hydrogen generator is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    inner container (12)    modification catalyst (13)    gas inlet (15)    hydrogen separation membrane (28)    reaction chamber (38)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell has a heater which allows a heat source to generate heat according to the chemical reaction.    USE - For generating electric power used in mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - Since electric power is not required to generate heat energy, the size and weight of the fuel cell system are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the cell in the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electrolyte film (101)    anode catalyst layer (102)    cathode catalyst layer (103)    fuel route (106)    load (108)
NOVELTY - A hot-water tank (30) stores the heat generated by a water electrolysis apparatus (21). A hydrogen storage tank (25), which stores the hydrogen released during water electrolysis, uses the heat stored in the hot-water tank.    USE - As heat-use system, e.g. fuel cell used with water electrolysis apparatus, used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system enables effective use of exhaust heat generated by water electrolysis apparatus, and improves thermal efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above heat-use system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    water electrolysis apparatus (21)    DC electric power unit (22)    hydrogen storage tank (25)    heat exchanger (29)    hot-water tank (30)
NOVELTY - A sensing element (50) with a cavity (51a) is mounted in a case, so that thermal capacity of the detector unit is reduced, and the cavity is sealed with respect to a test chamber.    USE - As silicon made micro sensor, for detecting density of combustible gas, and leakage of gas. Also for detecting leakage of hydrogen in fuel cell unit in motor vehicles, for detecting flow rate of air, combustible gas like carbon monoxide, hydrocarbon group gas, e.g. pressure sensor, flow rate sensor, contact combustion-type combustible-gas sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The novel sensor prevents reduction in detection property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the above sensor element assembly.    element case (41)    terminal for elements (45)    packing (48)    sensing element (50)    cavity (51a)    detector unit (53)    signal line (57)    partition unit (58a)    filler (58b)
NOVELTY - An introduction flow path (25a) guides the test gas from an inlet port (24a) to a test chamber, and an ejection flow path (25b) discharges test gas from the test chamber. A sensing element (50) outputs a detection signal corresponding to the density of combustible gas. A net filter (75) with water-repellent property is provided in the flow path formation portion (23), to reduce gas flow rate.    USE - As combustible gas sensor with diaphragm structure, for gas density measurement of combustible gas, for gas leak detection of combustible gas in fuel cell unit of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The novel gas sensor enables reduction in the flow rate, to avoid rapid fluctuation in flow rate, to increase detection accuracy, stably. It prevents generation of fire, entry of refuse into sensor, to avoid contamination of sensor, and prevents entry of water, to avoid reduction on sensing property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of gas passageway mechanism, as in the above sensor.    sensor (10)    flow path formation unit (23)    gas aperture (24)    inlet port (24a)    discharge port (24b)    introduction flow path (25a)    ejection flow path (25b)    sensor element assembly (40)    sensing element (50)    heater (60)    gas passageway mechanism (70)    filter (75)
NOVELTY - A detection block (28) has a sensing element (26) and a temperature-compensation element (27) connected as a bridge circuit. A circuit block (25) connecting the sensing and temperature compensation elements, detects the gas concentration, based on electrical-resistance variation of sensing element, so that the blocks do not overlap along thickness direction of gas sensor main casing (11a).    USE - Contact combustion-type gas sensor e.g. hydrogen sensor, carbon monoxide gas sensor, methane gas sensor for fuel-cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the detecting block and circuit block do not overlap along thickness direction of gas sensor main casing, increase in thickness dimension of gas sensor is suppressed, hence wiring structure during connection is simplified and number of connecting terminals is reduced. Thereby, time, effort and cost of manufacturing the sensor are reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the contact combustion-type gas sensor.    gas sensor (11)    gas sensor main casing (11a)    circuit block (25)    sensing element (26)    temperature-compensation element (27)    detection block (28)
NOVELTY - The reaction chamber (11) has two electrodes (12,13) including a support plate (14) holding substrates (15a,15b) on either surfaces in between. The chamber which has gas introductory portion (17) and gas exhaustion portion (18), includes high frequency power supply (16) which applies high frequency voltage between the electrodes, so as to perform thin film formation on each substrate simultaneously.    USE - For forming thin film such as crystal silicon film, non-crystal silicon film, fine crystal silicon film, polycrystal silicon film, carbonization silicon film, silicon nitride film, silicon oxide film on substrate such as electroconductive aluminum, stainless steel, carbon, glass used in electronic device, and solar cell applications.    ADVANTAGE - By increasing the processing capacity in unit time, the throughput is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory view of the thin film forming apparatus.    reaction chamber (11)    electrodes (12,13)    substrate support plate (14)    substrates (15a,15b)    high frequency power supply (16)    gas introductory portion (17)    gas exhaustion portion (18)
NOVELTY - A silicon substrate (14) is roughened by mounting the substrate on a tray (16), so that the substrate is overlapped with a dummy silicon piece (15).    USE - For roughening silicon substrate used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Silicon substrate is roughened efficiently and easily at reduced manufacturing cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a silicon substrate roughening method.    Silicon substrate (14)    Dummy silicon piece (15)    Tray (16)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has cathode lateral electrode (3) on which substrate (2) is mounted facing the anode-side electrode (8), so as to make the surface of the substrate rough. A plate (7) with openings (11) is provided at the anode-side electrode.    USE - For etching surface of silicon substrate used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A uniform roughness is formed at the substrate surface, by preventing the alignment of plate provided with openings one by one on the surface of the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for reactive ion-etching method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the reactive ion-etching apparatus.    Substrate (2)    Cathode lateral electrode (3)    Plate (7)    Anode-side electrode (8)    Openings (11)
NOVELTY - A PN silicon substrate (101) is formed by doping impurity of n-type silicon substrate (103) on light receiving surface of p-type silicon substrate (102). An electrode (106) is formed on reverse side of substrate (101) before application of coating material (107). A film (109) is formed on the substrate (103) after heating of the substrate (103), for formation of electrodes (110) on the film (109).    USE - For manufacturing silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the coating material is not formed between the substrate and electrode, the electric conductivity of electrode is increased. The contact resistance of the electrode and the substrate is reduced and conversion efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view explaining solar cell manufacturing process.    Silicon substrate (101)    p-type silicon substrate (102)    n-type silicon substrate (103)    Electrodes (106, 110)    Coating material (107)    Film (109)
NOVELTY - The method involves stacking p layers of fine crystal (13) having cell (21) on silicon substrate having i layers of fine crystal (14), based on evacuation of interior of vacuum vessel. Hydrogen gas is supplied between substrates and high frequency electric power is supplied to electrodes, so that hydrogen plasma gas is generated to expose p layers of fine crystal into hydrogen plasma gas.    USE - For manufacturing photovoltaic element (claimed) for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides photovoltaic element with favorable photo electric transfer characteristics and reduces different types of impurity in layers of fine crystal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photovoltaic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the photovoltaic element.    p layers of fine crystal (13)    i layers of fine crystal (14)    n layers of fine crystal (15)    cell (21)    substrate (22)    photovoltaic element (23)
NOVELTY - A non-monocrystal silicon layer formed on a substrate (1), is melted and crystallized, by irradiating the silicon layer with laser radiation (5) produced by a semiconductor laser (7), while producing relative displacement between the silicon layer and the laser radiation.    USE - For manufacturing crystalline-silicon type thin-film semiconductor device, such as thin-film transistor used in liquid crystal display device, thin-film solar-power generation element, thin-film optoelectric transducer and photoelectric conversion unit such as optical sensor.    ADVANTAGE - Enables irradiating the entire surface of the silicon layer, having a large area, by causing relative displacement between the laser radiation and the silicon layer, and by using the small-sized semiconductor laser which is easily arranged in parallel state with respect to the surface of the silicon layer. Since the fundamental wave of the semiconductor laser is used for crystallizing molten silicon, energy of laser, is not wasted. Hence, a high-quality thin-film semiconductor device is produced easily and cheaply.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view explaining the manufacturing process of thin-film semiconductor device.    glass substrate (1)    silicon-nitride layer (2)    silicon-oxide layer (3)    amorphous silicon layer (4a)    laser radiation (5)    semiconductor laser (7)
NOVELTY - The metal electrode film (12) and transparent electrically conductive film (13) are sequentially formed on a substrate (11), over which a crystalline silicon precursor layer (14) is formed. A crystalline silicon layer (24) is formed by radiating laser (21) on specific portion of the precursor layer.    USE - For manufacturing crystalline-silicon type thin-film solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell with high conversion efficiency and high through-put is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for crystalline-silicon type thin-film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (11)    metal electrode film (12)    transparent electrically conductive film (13)    precursor layer (14)    laser (21)    crystalline silicon layer (24)
NOVELTY - An amorphous film (14) formed on substrate (11) is uniformly irradiated with excimer laser. The crystal grain which is non-crystal of silicon or having orientation other than orientation with respect to substrate are melted while the crystal grain which has specific surface orientation with respect to orthogonal direction of the substrate surface melts partially.    USE - For manufacturing crystalline semiconductor film used for semiconductor device such as solar cell and thin film transistor (TFT) of liquid crystal display (LCD).    ADVANTAGE - Good crystalline film is formed, hence the performance of the semiconductor device such as TFT formed using the crystalline film is good.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for semiconductor device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the crystalline semiconductor film manufacturing method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (11)    silicon nitride film (12)    silicon oxide film (13)    amorphous film (14)    energy beam. (E1)
NOVELTY - Transparent electrically conductive film formation composition contains a water-soluble indium compound (I), a water-soluble organo tin compound (II) having halogen and a water-soluble organic high molecular compound (III).    USE - For forming transparent electrically conductive film used as transparent electrode of display devices such as liquid crystal display, plasma display, electroluminescence display device, and heat resistor for prevention and frost proofing of window glass of driver's seat, transparent electrode of solar cell, motor vehicle, aircraft, window glass of building, antistatic film, electromagnetic wave shielding film, infrared reflectiveness film and light permeable film.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrically conductive film formation composition provides high transmittance conductive film. The transparent electrically conductive film has low resistance, improved permeability, and small variation in electric conductivity. The electroconductivity of the film is changed without impairing the uniformity of the film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solution for transparent electrically conductive film formation which is obtained by dissolving the composition into solvent, which contains organic solvent or water; and    (2) formation of transparent electrically conductive film which involves applying the transparent electrically conductive film formation composition on a substrate, and bake processing the coating film.
NOVELTY - The apparatus comprises an electric power unit (6) that generates electric power based on high frequency voltage for generating plasma between the drive electrodes (2-1-2-n) and ground electrode (3) arranged in vacuum vessel (1), for forming a plasma film on the surface of the film-forming substrate (4) arranged between the electrodes.    USE - Chemical vapor deposition apparatus for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Since the plasma film is efficiently formed on the film-forming substrate, solar cell with improved property is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electric power control method; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the chemical vapor deposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vacuum vessel (1)    drive electrodes (2-1-2-n)    ground electrode (3)    film forming substrate (4)    heater (5)    electric power unit (6)
NOVELTY - A vacuum vessel (1) sealed with gas, includes a substrate (4) which is provided between drive and ground electrodes (2-1-2-n,3), on which a thin-film is formed using plasma. The capacitance between the drive and ground electrodes is determined so as to control the thin-film forming speed.    USE - For use during manufacturing of solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The thin-film is uniformly formed on the substrate and also the thin-film forming speed is controlled, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) film forming speed control method; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic drawing of the chemical vapor deposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vacuum vessel (1)    drive and ground electrodes (2-1-2-n,3)    substrate (4)
NOVELTY - A substrate (3) is immersed into an aqueous acid (6) containing tin ion. The surface of substrate is then irradiated with ultraviolet radiation. Tin oxide is deposited on irradiated surface of the substrate by photochemical reaction, and tin oxide film (2) is formed on the substrate.    USE - For manufacture of tin oxide film used as detection film for gas sensor, and for transparent electrode used for solar cell and flat-panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The tin oxide film is economically manufactured with uniform thickness, and without using large-scale apparatus and damage of the substrate. The photochemical reaction is easily controllable by interruption of irradiation. The position and area of tin oxide deposition are controllable by controlling irradiation position of light. The adhesion of film and substrate is favorable, and pattern formation is easily performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of manufacturing apparatus of tin oxide film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tin oxide film manufacturing apparatus (1)    Tin oxide film (2)    Substrate (3)    Container (4)    Aqueous acid (6)
NOVELTY - The transparent electrically conductive film contains a metal oxide, and has peak intensity ratio of 0.5-20 by dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurement.    USE - For electronic element used for liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescent element, plasma display panel, electronic paper, touch panel (all claimed) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrically conductive film has favorable permeability, electrical property, etching rate and productivity, and is safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The transparent electrically conductive film contains a metal oxide, and has peak intensity ratio (MSiO3/M) of 0.5-20 by dynamic secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) measurement, when M is metallic element ion of metal oxide. The transparent electrically conductive film contains indium oxide, tin oxide, zinc oxide, fluorine doped tin oxide, aluminum doped zinc oxide, antimony doped tin oxide, indium-tin oxide and indium oxide-zinc oxide. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) formation of transparent electrically conductive film; and    (2) component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of plasma discharging apparatus used for formation of transparent electrically conductive film.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (1)    gas supply unit (2)    top-side electrode (3a)    bottom electrode (3b)    flat-plate electrode (3c)    electric power unit (4)
NOVELTY - A substrate (5) to be processed is arranged between a pair of flat-plate electrodes (2) covered with a solid dielectric (3) and a reactive gas of pressure approximately equal to the atmospheric pressure is filled in the gap between the electrodes. The gap between the electrodes is divided so that the reactive gas is confined within the gap.    USE - For surface treatment of substrate such as silicon wafer, film-like substrate, photomask and glass substrate used in color filter of flat panel display (FPD), using plasma under normal pressure, in manufacture of semiconductor integrated circuit (IC). Also surface treatment of substrate of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Stable and uniform plasma which does not have a micro arc, is generated continuously by confining the reactive gas within the gap between the electrodes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) plasma surface treatment apparatus; and    (2) plasma processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of electrode assembly of the surface treatment apparatus.    electrode assembly (1)    flat-plate electrodes (2)    solid dielectric (3)    coolant supply pipe (4)    substrate (5)    conveyance roller (7)    gas introduction port (10)    gas injection tip (11)
NOVELTY - Discharge gas and thin film formation gas are introduced between counter electrodes in which pressure is maintained at near atmospheric pressure. High-frequency voltage is applied and discharge gas is converted into plasma. A base material (F) is exposed to thin film formation gas in plasma state. A thin film is formed and then bleached using reducing gas.    USE - For electronic elements such as liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescent element, plasma display panel, touch panel and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The article is excellent in transparency, electroconductivity and etching property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Discharge gas and thin film formation gas are introduced between counter electrodes in which pressure is maintained at atmospheric pressure or near atmospheric pressure. High-frequency voltage is applied and discharge gas is converted into plasma state. A base material (F) is exposed to thin film formation gas in plasma state, and a thin film is formed. Then, thin film is bleached using reducing gas. The base material with thin film is alternately exposed to thin film formation gas and reducing gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for articles with transparent electroconductive thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows atmospheric pressure plasma discharge processing apparatus.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (30)    rotating electrode (35)    electrode group (36)    voltage application unit (40)    gas supply unit (50)    electrode temperature control unit (60)    base material (F)
NOVELTY - The silicon substrate which is treated to an predetermined etching process, is immersed into a mixed acid aqueous solution (B) containing hydrofluoric acid of 42-46 weight% and nitric acid of 2-6 weight%, to perform another etching process.    USE - For etching silicon substrate used in solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the silicon substrate is immersed in aqueous solution to perform another etching process, the uneven portion formed on the surface is removed and a uniform substrate is obtained. The solar cell with high conversion efficiency, is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow diagram explaining the silicon substrate etching process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate holder (10)
NOVELTY - A mixed gas containing one or more types of inert gas and one or more types of reactive gas is introduced in a discharge space, and set as plasma state. A thin film is formed on a base material by exposing to the gas of plasma state, to obtain transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure. Structure has metallic compound layer (I) containing oxygen and/or nitrogen atom, and transparent conductive layer (II).    USE - For forming transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure for plasma display panel, touch panel, liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescence device, electronic paper and solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure with excellent electrical and water vapor barrier properties is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A mixed gas containing one or more types of inert gas and one or more types of reactive gas is introduced in a discharge space, and set as plasma state. A thin film is formed on a base material by exposing to the gas of plasma state, to obtain transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure. The structure has metallic compound layer (I) containing oxygen atom and/or nitrogen atom, and transparent conductive layer (II). Layer (I) and/or (II) is formed under atmospheric pressure or the pressure of atmospheric pressure vicinity.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows atmospheric pressure discharge processing apparatus used in the manufacture of transparent electrically conductive film laminate structure.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (30)    electrodes (35,36)    electric field application unit (40)    electric power units (41,42)
NOVELTY - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell is a laminate of transparent electroconductive material layer (1), porous oxide semiconductor layer (2), sensitizing dye adsorbed to oxide semiconductor layer and an electrolyte (3) touching the sensitizing dye. The electrolyte is organic polysilane.    USE - Used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell uses organic polysilane with high boiling point as electrolyte. Therefore the electrolyte seldom volatilize and explosion does not occur. The organic polysilane is easily formed into solid electrolyte by vacuum deposition compared to conventional solid electrolyte. Therefore the manufacturing process is simple. Since the organic polysilane film is formed by vacuum spraying, the film thickness is controlled and reproducibility is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of pigment sensitizing type solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    transparent electroconductive material layer (1)    oxide semiconductor layer (2)    electrolyte (3)    conductive layer (4)
NOVELTY - The stain resisting film is obtained by chemical vacuum deposition (CVD) method using silane compound having both hydrolysable-group and alkyl group, as raw material in presence of hydrogen gas atmosphere. The ratio of silicon, oxygen and carbon (Si:O:C) contained in the film, is 1:(1-1.9):(0.2-2), preferably 1:(1-1.5):(0.2-1.5), respectively.    USE - For stain resisting anti-reflective coating used in e.g. solar batteries, cathode ray tubes (CRT) and a liquid crystal display, and a windowpane.    ADVANTAGE - The film has excellent stain resistance, and provides anti-reflective coating with excellent productivity. The film enables to obtain product without damage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) stain resisting anti-reflective coating; and    (2) image display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of plasma discharge processing container.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (10)    plasma discharge processing container (20)    roll electrode (21)    fixing electrode (22)    nip roller (23a)
NOVELTY - A protective layer (7a) and an adhesive resin sealing agent (6a) provided at non-light receiving surface of a solar cell (3a) include an opening (10a) for connecting electric power lead to the label (8a). The label consists of electroconductive adhesion material and metallic foil (5a) to connect the electric power lead to the anode and cathode of the solar cell.    USE - Solar cell module for use in residence and industry.    ADVANTAGE - Positioning and fixing of electric power lead are performed automatically, modular reliability and durability of solar cell module are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of the solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solar cell (3a)    Electroconductive adhesion material (4a)    Metallic foil (5a)    Adhesive resin sealing agent (6a)    Protective layer (7a)    Label (8a)    Opening (10a)
NOVELTY - A system (6) for feeding hydrogen for a fuel cell (19), incorporating an anode (20) and a cathode (21) of the type comprising: (a) a first chamber containing a catalyser connected to a inlet conduit for a hydrocarbon based fuel and an outlet conduit for hydrogen; (b) a second chamber containing a catalyser connected to an inlet conduit for air and an outlet conduit for combustion gas. The catalyser is a selective cracking catalyser and a heat exchanger is mounted between the two chambers.    USE - The system incorporating a selective cracking catalyser is used for feeding gas to fuel cell, of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) type, for the production of electrical energy, notably for the electric motors of electrically propelled vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen feed system uses a technique for the chemical transformation of petrol that is simpler and less cumbersome than conventional systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the production of electric energy from a fuel cell fed by hydrogen using this feed system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the first stage of a two stage system for the production of electrical energy in accordance with the invention.    Hydrocarbon fuel inlet conduit; (1)    Hydrogen feed system; (6)    Heat exchanger; (7)    Catalyser; (10)    Fuel cell; (19)    Evaporator; (15)    Anode; (20)    Cathode; (21)    Turbine; (38)    Electric motor. (41)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises an anode, a cathode, an anode-side separator having a fuel gas passage groove, cathode-side separator having a oxidant gas passage groove (21a) and a gas diffusion layer of thickness 100 - 400 mum. The grooves travel in serpentine line and has an equivalent diameter of 0.79 - 1.3 (preferably 1 - 1.2) mm, a depth of 0.5 - 1.2 (preferably 0.7 - 1.1) mm, a width of 0.3 - 1.4 (preferably 0.5 - 1.4) mm.    USE - In portable and automatic power sources for vehicles, residential homes and co-generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The cell prevents the clogging of condensed water in the grooves and gas diffusion layer during humidification of a gas with no large pressure-loss of the gas in the grooves increasing the cell efficiency. Water droplets are swiftly removed from the groove and the gas flows uniformly along the groove.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The groove extending from upstream to downstream comprises horizontal parts that are mutually parallel and having same length (a). The ratio of the length of horizontal part and a shortest linear dimension (b) between the most upstream side and most downstream side of the horizontal part is less than or equal to 1.2 (preferably 0.3 - 1.2). The ratio of width (c) of ribs (22a) between the adjacent horizontal parts and the length of horizontal part lies between 1/200 - 1/20.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for    (1) a stack containing two fuel cells; and    (2) a method for operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structure of oxidant passage grooves in a separator.    oxidant gas passage grooves (21a)    ribs (22a)    oxidant gas inlet (23a)    oxidant gas outlet (23b)    fuel gas inlet (24a)    fuel gas outlet (24b)    cooling water inlet (25a)    cooling water outlet (25b)    length of horizontal parts (a)    shortest linear dimension between the most upstream side and most downstream side of the horizontal part (b)    width of the ribs. (c)
NOVELTY - An electrocatalyst that reduces overvoltage and increases current density, useful for ethanol oxidization in fuel cells, comprises an elemental mixture containing platinum or ruthenium, and element(s) comprising tungsten, tin, molybdenum, copper, gold, manganese, or vanadium.    USE - For ethanol oxidation useful in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrocatalyst reduces overvoltage and increases current density, providing fuel cell that is capable of providing higher electromotive force and higher output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a direct ethanol fuel cell (10), comprising a body; cells accommodated in the body, each of which is formed of an anode (4), a cathode (3) and an electrolyte membrane between the anode and cathode; a fuel supply path provided in the body for supplying fuel containing ethanol as a principal ingredient to the anodes of the cells; and an oxidizer supplying path (5) provided in the body and supply for supplying an oxidizer to the cathode of the cells, the cells are arranged in a plane in the body, connected in series in the body, and comprise an electrocatalyst as above; and    (b) an electron apparatus having a direct ethanol fuel cell as above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram showing the construction of the direct ethanol fuel cell.    Ion exchange membrane (2)    Cathode (3)    Anode (4)    Oxidizer supplying path (5)    Fuel cell (10)
NOVELTY - A catalyst-coated membrane comprises an ionomer membrane (1) having two surfaces, each has an active area coated with a catalyst layer and a passive area; and protective film layer(s) (3) attached to each of the two surfaces of the catalyst-coated membrane. The protective film layer overlaps the passive area and the active area.    USE - For use in manufacturing polymer-electrolyte-membrane and direct methanol fuel cell stacks (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst-coated membrane has improved mechanical stability, improved protection against membrane damage, and improved handling properties in cells/stack assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a process for manufacturing a catalyst-coated membrane comprising applying at protective film layer(s) to two surfaces of an ionomer membrane under pressure and heat for 0.1-15 minutes;    (b) a membrane-electrode-assembly comprising an ionomer membrane, gas diffusion layer(s) covering the active area of the catalyst-coated membrane, and protective film layer(s) contacting the active area, the passive area and the gas diffusion layer to form overlapped regions; and    (c) a process for manufacturing a membrane-electrode-assembly comprising applying a gas diffusion layer and protective film(s) to two surfaces of an ionomer membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a representation of a catalyst-coated membrane.    Ionomer membrane (1)    Electrode layer (2)    Protective film layer (3)    Area regions (4, 5)
NOVELTY - Bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells with a conductivity increasing carbon/filler filled polymer blend having at least two mutually immiscible blend polymers forming a co-continuous structure, where the carbon/filler is enriched in one of the blend polymers or in the phase boundary between the blend polymers, or the blend polymer in which the carbon/filler is enriched forms a continuous conductive matrix in which one further polymer blend is embedded are new.    USE - The PEM fuel cells are useful for supplying current in mobile and stationary devices (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - It has been found that bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells can be obtained when a polymer blend is used in their production which has at least two mutually immiscible blend polymers, which form a co-continuous structure or a matrix of conductive polymer. The bipolar plates comprise an advantageous combination of low weight, good electrical conductivity, gas tightness, and good gas channel design.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a process for a process for preparation of the bipolar plates by preparation and forming of the polymer blends filled with conductivity increasing carbon/filler;    (2) PEM fuel cells including bipolar plates;    (3) a polymer blend filled with conductivity increasing carbon/filler material.
NOVELTY - A power generation apparatus comprises a fuel cell; and a reforming module (21a) adapted to reform hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and other components, and to separate the hydrogen from the other components. The apparatus is arranged so that the hydrogen is fed from the reforming module to the anode of the fuel cell.    USE - For generating power and producing hydrogen (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides for the highly efficient and clean generation of power and hydrogen to allow for a transition to a sustainable low pollution use of fossil fuel energy without release of carbon dioxide to the atmosphere.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of operating a fuel cell, comprising recycling hydrogen from the anode outflow back to anode inlet (3), such that the fuel cell has a minimum cell operating voltage of 0.8 volts and the molar ratio of hydrogen to water in the anode outflow is greater than 0.5;    (b) a method of generating electrical power and producing hydrogen using the inventive apparatus; and    (c) a method of operating a power generation apparatus comprising condensing water from the anode exhaust stream; and recycling all or portion of the hydrogen in the resultant stream back to the anode of the fuel cell, and/or tapping off all or the remainder of the hydrogen for use elsewhere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematically a power generation system.    Anode inlet (3)    Reforming module (21a)    Desorption module (21b)    Condenser unit (22)    Cathode portion (24)    Anode compartment (25)
NOVELTY - Electrolyzer (100) is operated to produce metal particles through electrolysis by determining operating range for cell voltage across the anode (104) and cathode (106) surfaces, supplying electrical current flow through the solution, monitoring the cell voltage, and adjusting the current responsive to the monitored voltage.    USE - For operating electrolyzer to producing metal particles through electrolysis (claimed) and metal-air fuel cell in which the metal may be zinc.    ADVANTAGE - The invention optimizes electrolyzer service life and metal particle quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Operation of electrolyzer to produce metal particles through electrolysis comprises determining operating range for cell voltage across the anode and cathode surfaces, supplying electrical current flow through the solution between anode and cathode to create a cell voltage in the operating range, monitoring the cell voltage, and adjusting the current responsive to the monitored voltage to maintain cell voltage in operating range, thus forming metal particles on the cathode surface through electrolysis of the dissolved metal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates an electrolyzer for producing metal particles through electrolysis, with a lateral view of electrolyte flow across the cathode surface.    Electrolyzer (100)    Active zones (102)    Anode (104)    Cathode (106)    Pump (108)    Container (114)    Conduit (116, 118)    Flow path (120)    Conductor (122)
NOVELTY - Iron silicide powder has an oxygen content, which is the gas component, of at most 1500 ppm.    USE - The iron silicide powder is used in the production of sputtering targets for forming beta-FeSi2 thin films used as an element for optical communication of a material for solar cells having transition semiconductor properties.    ADVANTAGE - The powder has a reduced content of oxygen and is easy to pulverize. It is reduced in the contamination of impurities associated with unsatisfactory pulverization, and shows an increased specific surface area. Sintered compacts with enhanced density are obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of the iron silicide powder by producing iron powder by reducing iron oxide with hydrogen, producing a synthetic powder comprising FeSi by heating this Fe powder and Si powder in a non-oxidizing atmosphere, mixing with silicon powder and heating in a non-oxidizing atmosphere.
NOVELTY - An electrode comprises a catalyst that is resistant to poisoning by carbon monoxide and sulfur, and a catalyst support material.    USE - The invention is used for an electrochemical device, e.g. fuel cell, electrolyzer, or sensor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention is resistant to both carbon monoxide and sulfur poisoning, without losing activity at the rate of a standard catalyst loses activity in the presence of various poisons.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode comprises a catalyst that is resistant to poisoning by carbon monoxide and sulfur, and a catalyst support material. The catalyst is of formula (I): MYM'Y'XZX'Z'.    M = Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Mo, Ru, Rh, Pd, Re, Os, Ir, and/or Pt;    M' = Mo, W, Co, and/or Ni;    X = S;    X' = Se, carbon containing compound, or Ct;    (Z+Z')/(Y+Y') = more than 4/3;    Y = 0.1-3;    Y', Z' = 0-0.9;    Z = 0.1-5;    t = 0 - 1.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a polymer-electrolyte-membrane fuel cell.    Electrolyte membrane (2)    Anode (5)    Hydrogen fuel (8)    Oxygen-containing gas (9)    Anode (10)
NOVELTY - Sealant composition for sealing the electrolyte of a dye-sensitized solar cell comprises: (a) an isoprene polymer having at least 1 (meth)acrylate group; and (b) a diluent monomer, or (A) an isobutylene polymer containing at least 1 hydrosilylation reactable alkenyl group in the molecule; (B) an organo-hydrodiene-polysiloxane; (C) a hydrosilylation catalyst, and; (D) a silane coupling agent.    USE - Used for sealing the electrolyte in dye-sensitized solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition is highly resistant to electrolytes and shows high sealing performance against electrolytes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) The manufacture of a dye-sensitized solar cell by combining a first laminate having a transparent conductive film, porous film and color layer on a transparent substrate, and a second laminate having a transparent conductive film on a transparent substrate with the sealing composition, and sealing the electrolyte between the layers;    (2) The dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent substrate (1a)    Transparent conductive film (2)    Transparent conductive film (2a)    Porous film (3)    Dye (4)    Electrolyte (5)    Sealing composition (7)
NOVELTY - A charge-neutral organometallic dendrimer comprises a core and a dendrite. The core terminates in the first single bond that is connected to a branching group or branching atom of dendrite. The dendrimer has a structure in which no hemisphere of a notional sphere centered on cation metal and containing the dendrimer is devoid of the first single bond.    USE - Used in films for photovoltaic device, or in organic light-emitting device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organometallic dendrimer is neutral, i.e. those in which the ligands directly coordinated/bonded to the metal balance the charge. It is luminescent, fluorescent, or phosphorescent in solid state.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A charge-neutral organometallic dendrimer of formula (CORE-(DENDRITE(-Q)a)n) is new.    CORE = formula MXxYz;    M = metal cation;    x = at least1;    X = mono, bi, or tri-dentate coordinating group;    z = 0 or at least1;    Y = coordinating group, such that the total (b.x) +(c.z) is equal to the number of coordination sites on M;    M = number of coordination sites on X;    c = number of coordination sites on Y;    n = at least2;    DENDRITE = dendritic molecular structure bonded to a group X;    a = 0 or at least1;    Q = surface group.    The core terminates in the first single bond that is connected to a branching group or branching atom of DENDRITE. The dendrimer has a structure in which no hemisphere of a notional sphere centered on M and containing the dendrimer is devoid of the first single bond.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a film comprising an organometallic dendrimer, and molecular, dendritic or polymeric compounds;    (b) an organic light-emitting device sequentially comprising optional substrate, electrode, first optionally charge-transporting layer, light-emissive layer, second optional charge-transporting layer, and counter electrode.
NOVELTY - An autothermal catalytic steam reformer comprises reforming channel (2) coated with reforming catalyst (4), combustion channel (3) coated with combustion catalyst (5) close to (2) to permit heat transfer and a fuel introducer to introduce fuel into (3) disposed at intervals along a length of (2).    USE - In the preparation of hydrogen to operate fuel cell during the production of electric power and in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides compactness as it provides combustion on one side of a strip and steam reforming on the other, stack of multiple layers further enhances the ability of the reactor to work in a compact space. The compactness is further enhanced by providing the reforming and water-gas shift reactions in the same channel and by cooling the air. The cooling channel reduces the temperature of the water-gas shift reaction so as to maximize the conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of hydrogen in a compact space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a steam reformer.    Reactor (1)    Reforming channel (2)    Combustion channel (3)    Reforming catalyst (4)    Combustion catalyst (5)    Hydrocarbon fuel. (6)
NOVELTY - Bipolar plate for an electrochemical cell comprises a polymer layer, an electrically conducting structure passing through the polymer layer, and a sealing element (172) which seals the electrically conducting structure to the polymer layer and prevent fluids from passing through the polymer layer.    USE - The bipolar plate is used for an electrochemical cell stack (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cell plate can be more easily sealed to cell frame of the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell incorporating the inventive plate can give vehicle designers additional flexibility to distribute weight for optimizing vehicle dynamics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a cell stack comprising two cells each comprising an anode and a cathode (158), and a bipolar plate; and    (b) a method of making a fuel cell, which comprises assembling a fuel cell stack by positioning a cell plate between an anode of a first cell and a cathode of an adjacent cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a fragmentary cross-sectional view of two adjacent electrochemical cells separated by a plate with an electrically conductive structure penetrating the plate, which provides electrical conductivity between the adjacent cells.    Protuberance (152)    Cathode (158)    Current collectors (164, 170)    Sealing element (172)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen management system has container (200) with metal particles in contact with electrolyte (220); recombination catalyst (224) separate from electrolyte in vapor communication with container, the catalyst catalyzing reaction of hydrogen and oxygen to form water; and oxygen source connected to container that provides oxygen to its interior, in which hydrogen gas in container contacts the catalyst and combine with oxygen to form water.    USE - Used for electrochemical cells (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for managing hydrogen in fuel container for electrochemical cell system (199) comprising reacting hydrogen gas with oxygen gas to form water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of fuel cell system with container having recombination catalyst and oxygen source.    Electrochemical cell system (199)    Container (200)    Vent (210)    Electrolyte (220)    Recombination catalyst (224)
NOVELTY - A methanol-based hydrogen reforming method includes a steam generator, a methanol injector, a spark plasma heater, a methanol catalytic steam reactor, a hydrogen separation unit, a thermal management unit, a 3-power stage controller, a CO oxidation unit, and a battery unit. The bubble micro-particles formed by means of the mixing of methanol and steam is directly injected into the spark plasma heater and heated, and then synthesized into a mixture of hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and carbon dioxide through the catalytic steam reactor. Then hydrogen is separated from the mixture of gases through the hydrogen separation unit. Hydrogen gas can be used for energy supply and a variety of energy production units such as fuel cells, engines, dynamos, and etc.
NOVELTY - Silicon tetrachloride gas and zinc gas are reacted in zinc chloride atmosphere and silicon is produced. The produced silicon is supplied to silicon storage tank (2) which maintains silicon at temperature more than its melting point. The solution gas is degassed and the silicon in the tank is cooled and solidified to obtain high purity silicon.    USE - For manufacturing high purity silicon for silicon single crystal and silicon polycrystal, used in solar cell and electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The high purity silicon is manufactured stably over a long period of time using a simple installation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the silicon manufacturing process.    Reactor (1)    Silicon storage tank (2)    Argon gas supply degassing mechanism (3)    Single crystal drawing apparatus (4)    Polycrystal manufacture melting pot (5)
NOVELTY - An amorphous semiconductor film is formed on a substrate (13) using electrocrystallization method, by supplying electricity between a substrate and counter electrode (15) immersed in electrolytic bath (12) comprising alkali compound or compound of semiconductor film. The impurity material comprising IB and IIIB group elements is removed from the formed film and then the film is subjected to homogenization.    USE - For manufacturing compound semiconductor film used in solar cell, photosensor for telecommunication application.    ADVANTAGE - Low cost and highly safe semiconductor film is reliably manufactured using simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compound semiconductor apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a electrolytic bath cell.    electrolytic bath (12)    substrate (13)    reference electrode (14)    counter electrode (15)    potentiostat (16)
NOVELTY - Water is poured to a reverse osmosis membrane, at a feed rate of 65L/(h.m2), in the processing of the reverse osmosis membrane.    USE - For purification of hydrogen peroxide solution (claimed) useful as cleaning agents for cleaning wafer in the semiconductor field disinfectant in the medical field, drainage treatment, bad smell prevention agent, fuel cell rocket propulsion agent in the energy field, and bleaching agent in paper and pulp industry field.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method suppresses the deterioration of reverse osmosis membrane. High purity hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution is manufactured stably for long time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for purification of hydrogen peroxide solution, which involves contacting the hydrogen peroxide solution with the processed reverse osmosis membrane.
NOVELTY - The silane gas and methane gas, are diluted by hydrogen gas at a ratio of 5-50 or 10-20, during formation of p/i layer (4) with a thickness of less than 10 nm or 2-6 nm. The flow ratio of methane, is set as 0.2-0.7 or 0.2-0.5.    USE - Amorphous-silicon solar cell manufacturing method.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces defects in p/i layer, by which photoelectric conversion efficiency is raised and photodegradation of silicon solar cell, is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The p layer (3) having amorphous silicon, p/i layer, i layer, n layer and a photoelectric conversion layer, are formed sequentially, to produce the solar cell (10). The power supply frequency of a high frequency electric power unit, is set to 30-100 MHz.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of amorphous-silicon solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    p layer (3)    p/i layer (4)    I layer (5)    N layer (6)    amorphous-silicon solar cell (10)
NOVELTY - The positive-type thermoelectric transformation material consists of a polycrystal of cobalt-layered oxide of preset formula, in surface of each crystal grain. The crystal grain has average orientation degree of 50% or more, measured by Lotgering method of (001).    USE - For various electric devices such as solar power generation device, electric device from seawater temperature difference thermoelectricity, electric device from fossil fuel thermoelectricity, regeneration electric-power-generation device of work exhaust heat or motor-vehicle exhaust heat, cell of optical detection element, laser diode, field effect transistor, photomultiplier tuber, spectrophotometer, column of chromatography, constant temperature apparatus, cooling and heating apparatus, refrigerator and electric power unit for clocks.    ADVANTAGE - The positive-type thermoelectric transformation material is manufactured economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The positive-type thermoelectric transformation material consists of a polycrystal of cobalt layered oxide, in surface of each crystal grain. The crystal grain has average orientation degree of 50% or more, measured by Lotgering method of (001). The polycrystal of cobalt layered oxide is given by formula: ((Ca1-xAx)2 (Co1-yCuy)2O4+alpha)zCoO2+beta, where A is alkali metal, alkaline earth metal and/or bismuth, x is 0-0.3, y is 0.1-0.4, z is 0.5-0.7 and ((4+(alpha))z+2+(beta))/(4z+2) is 0.85-1.15.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of positive type thermoelectric transformation material.
NOVELTY - A pigment sensitizing type solar cell has a network structure containing a porous semiconductor layer between a pair of electroconductive substrates. The porous semiconductor layer of porosity 50-80%, contains high molecular weight compound adsorbed with pigment, and a gel electrolyte containing solvent, which can dissolve a redox component.    USE - As pigment sensitizing type solar cell and battery.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing type solar cell has improved contact property, ionic conductivity and high conversion efficiency.
NOVELTY - The reactive gas for forming pollution protection layer is supplied between the electrodes (11, 12), after applying voltage of different frequencies between the electrodes, so as to generate plasma. The base layer is processed using the generated plasma at atmospheric pressure, so as to form pollution protection layer on reflection prevention film.    USE - For manufacturing optical film (claimed) for use in solar cell, liquid crystal display, organic electroluminescent display, CRT, plasma display panel (PDP).    ADVANTAGE - Enables manufacturing optical film with desired film thickness and having reflection prevention effect and pollution protection effect, without spoiling transparency of the optical film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for optical film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a plasma discharge processing apparatus of a jet system.    Plasma discharge processing apparatus (10)    Electrodes (11, 12)    Electric power units (21, 22)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen station system comprises hydrogen supply system (A), hydrogen stand system (B), storage system (C) of aromatic compound and system (D) which conveys hydrogen to system (B) from system (A). The system (A) removes hydrogen using the dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply component comprising mixture of decalin and 1-methyl decalin. The system (C) stores aromatic compound generated by (A).    USE - For supplying hydrogen as power source to remote places or constant ground facilities, such as works, convenience stores, hospitals and houses, and for hydrogen fueled cars.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen station system economically and stably provides hydrogen, and suppresses the pollution of the environment leading to global warning, forest death and respiratory diseases. The system is eco-friendly carbon dioxide production is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen station system contains a hydrogen supply system (A), hydrogen stand system (B), storage system (C) of aromatic compound, and system (D) which conveys hydrogen to system (B) from system (A). The system (A) removes hydrogen using the dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply component comprising mixture of decalin and 1-methyl decalin. The system (B) supplies removed hydrogen to user, and system (C) stores the separated and recovered aromatic compound comprising mixture of naphthalene and 1-methyl naphthalene generated by system (A).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of the structure of hydrogen station system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Magnesium or magnesium alloy and niobium or niobium-vanadium alloy are laminated to form a laminate. The laminate is machined in the form of a thin line or sheet. The average thickness of magnesium or magnesium alloy layer is below 1 mum. The laminate is heat-processed to rearrange the crystal orientation of magnesium layer to form hydrogen occlusion material.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen occlusion material (claimed) used for fuel cell of vehicle and heat pump of non-refrigerant.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage capacity per unit weight of the hydrogen occlusion material is increased. Therefore, the flight range is lengthened. The material has excellent hydrogen occlusion property. The manufacturing method is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen occlusion material which comprises magnesium or magnesium alloy and niobium or niobium-vanadium alloy. Both the layers have multilayered structure. The average thickness of each magnesium layer is below 1 mum.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains manufacture of hydrogen occlusion material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Magnesium or its alloy, iron or its alloy, and/or titanium are laminated and machined to form a sheet like or thin line component. The machined component is heated to produce a titanium-iron alloy and to obtain a hydrogen occlusion material.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen occlusion material used for fuel cells of vehicles, and heat pumps.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces hydrogen occlusion material with improved hydrogen storage capacity, productivity and flight range when mounted in vehicles. Rise in internal pressure of container during pulverization, is prevented. The hydrogen occlusion material is inexpensive and efficient. Filling of hydrogen is rapid due to the tracking property of the hydrogen occlusion material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen occlusion material, which has a multilayered structure comprising magnesium layer containing magnesium or its alloy, and titanium-iron alloy layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart explaining the manufacturing process of the hydrogen occlusion material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply component contains trans-cis-1-methyl decalin, trans-trans-1-methyl decalin, cis-cis-1-methyl decalin and/or cis-trans-1-methyl decalin, given by preset formula. The hydrogen supply component is converted into an aromatic compound which functions has a hydrogen storage component, by dehydrogenation.    USE - For hydrogen supply medium (claimed) for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage component provides hydrogen storage supply medium which in turn provides fuel cell system having reduced toxicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen supply component contains trans-cis-1-methyl decalin of formula (1), trans-trans-1-methyl decalin of formula (2), cis-cis-1-methyl decalin of formula (3) and/or cis-trans-1-methyl decalin of formula (4). The hydrogen supply component is converted into an aromatic compound which functions has a hydrogen storage component, by dehydrogenation.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen storage supply medium (1) which uses the hydrogen supply component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of hydrogen storage supply medium. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage supply medium (1)    raw material storage unit (2)    raw material supply unit (3)    reactor (4)    catalyst (41)    heater (43)
NOVELTY - Water vapor is supplied to reformation catalyst (11) and CO transformation catalyst (12) and combustible gas is purged. Air is supplied to the oxidation catalyst (13) from air supply unit (16) and combustible gas within oxidation catalyst is purged.    USE - For stopping hydrogen generator which reforms original fuel of hydrocarbon group and outputs hydrogen rich reformed gas.    ADVANTAGE - Combustible gas can be purged efficiently into the hydrogen generator and hydrogen rich reformed gas is obtained efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An air charging line (16) is connected to the flow path of reformation catalyst (11), carbon monoxide (CO) transformation catalyst (12) and CO oxidation catalyst (13). Water vapor is supplied to reformation catalyst and CO transformation catalyst and combustible gas is purged. Air is supplied to the oxidation catalyst from air charging line and combustible gas within oxidation catalyst is purged. The CO transformation catalyst consists of metal oxide supported with noble metals.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows stopping method of hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (10)    reformation catalyst (11)    CO transformation catalyst (12)    CO oxidation catalyst (13)    air charging line (16)
NOVELTY - A catalyst layer (3) is laminated on a coolant layer (4). A pair of flow paths (8,9) are arranged in the coolant layer, contacting the catalyst layer for circulating the coolant. The amount of coolant circulating through the flow paths is controlled by an distribution regulator (6) based on the operating condition.    USE - For removing carbon monoxide from hydrogen rich gas supplied to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to control transmission of heat from the catalyst layer to the coolant layer, by regulating flow of coolant through the flow paths. Prevents overcooling of the catalyst layer during starting of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus and thereby shortens starting of the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst layer (3)    coolant layer (4)    distribution regulator (6)    flow paths (8,9)    thermostat (13)
NOVELTY - The glassy thin film transfer film (1) consists of a structure formed by laminating a glassy thin film layer (4) on a plastic film (2) equipped with a release property surface.    USE - For glassy thin film transfer, substrate for optics, such as display material, liquid crystal display, touch panel and solar cell converter (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The glassy thin film layer of the film, is formed on the base material, by new method. The film has favorable gas barrier property, transparency, and is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The glassy thin film layer contains silicon oxide or aluminum oxide as main component.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for substrate for optics, such as display material, liquid crystal display, touch panel and solar cell converter, utilizing the film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of glassy thin film transfer film.    Glassy thin film transfer film (1)    Plastic film (2)    Release layer (3)    Glassy thin film layer (4)
NOVELTY - The water vapor modifying catalyst is obtained by supporting ruthenium and group VIII metal(s) other than ruthenium, on a support.    USE - For modifying water vapor of sulfur-containing hydrocarbon compound, which is used for manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cell system (all claimed) such as solid oxide type fuel cell, phosphoric acid form fuel cell and solid polymeric type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The water vapor modifying catalyst has excellent sulfur poisoning resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water vapor modification method;    (2) manufacture of hydrogen; and    (3) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows time dependent deterioration of sulfur content using water vapor modifying catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A titanium compound is added to titanium oxide sol solution to form a raw material solution (7). The solution is intermittently sprayed on a substrate (4) maintained at high temperature. The titanium compound is thermally decomposed to form titanium oxide microparticles which are grown to form a porous titanium oxide layer.    USE - For electrode of pigment sensitizing solar cell (claimed) and for water splitting, water purification, sterilization, deodorization and as functional film for window glass and mirror of motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The productivity of titanium oxide thin film in short time is improved. The strength and adhesion property of titanium oxide thin film are enhanced. The short circuit by contact of electrolyte liquid is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electrode for pigment sensitizing solar cell which is formed by interposing minute titanium oxide buffer layer between fluorine doped tin oxide thin film and titanium oxide thin film; and    (2) preparation of electrode which involves forming fluorine doped tin oxide thin film on glass substrate by intermittent spraying of raw material solution containing tin compound and fluorine compound on a glass substrate maintained at high temperature and laminating minute titanium oxide buffer layer by intermittent spray of raw material solution comprising titanium oxyacetyl acetonate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows spray thermal decomposition apparatus.    chamber (1)    heater (2)    holder (3)    substrate (4)    vaporizer (5)    raw material solution (7)
NOVELTY - The catalyst material comprises a composition containing catalyst particles (3) having preset metals.    USE - For electrode (claimed) of fuel cell e.g. methanol direct polyelectrolyte fuel cell, used as electric power unit for spacecraft, motor vehicles and mobile device.    ADVANTAGE - The novel catalyst material is highly active and stable. The fuel cell has high output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst material comprises a composition containing catalyst particles. The catalyst particles are given by the formula: ATxNu, where A is platinum, or platinum and noble element chosen from ruthenium, palladium, gold and/or silver, T is iron, cobalt, nickel, tin, manganese, chromium, vanadium, titanium, molybdenum, niobium, zirconium, tungsten, tantalum and/or hafnium, x is 0-4 and u is 0.005-1.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for;    (1) Manufacture of the above catalyst material;    (2) An electrode; and    (3) Manufacture of the above electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above electrode for fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    collector (1)    catalyst layer (2)    ferromagnetic catalyst particle (3)
NOVELTY - A modification pipe (13) is arranged in a flow path (12) formed between the flue (11) and an inner cylinder (9a) of a vacuum-insulation container (9). A guidance tube (21) is arranged in the flue, forming a gap between the flue and the guidance tube. The gap is formed such that the combustion gas (28) generated within a combustor (10), is guided to the upper end side of the flow path.    USE - For use in fuel cells used in domestic fuel-cell cogeneration system and fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the combustion gas is guided to the upper end of the flow path, the radiation heat transfer is performed efficiently from the flue to the modification pipe. The surface area of the modification pipe is reduced, reducing the size of the pipe. Since the pipe is not exposed to high temperature, the stainless steel is utilized for making the pipe and therefore cost of the reformer is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modification pipe (13) is arranged in a flow path (12) formed between the flue (11) and an inner cylinder (9a) of a vacuum-insulation container (9). A guidance tube (21) is arranged in the flue, forming a gap between the flue and the guidance tube. The gap is formed such that the combustion gas (28) generated within a combustor (10), is guided to the upper end side of the flow path. A spiral board (22) is arranged in the flow path so that the flow of combustion gas is reversed in the upper end of the flue. The gas flows downwardly crossing the modification pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    vacuum-insulation container (9)    inner cylinder (9a)    combustor (10)    flue (11)    modification pipe (13)    guidance tube (21)    spiral board (22)    combustion gas (28)
NOVELTY - The porous amorphous metal oxide layer is laminated on a base material (1). Laser radiation is irradiated on the metal oxide layer to form porous polycrystal metal oxide (3) and to obtain laminate structure (10).    USE - Manufacturing laminate structure for photocatalyst sheet, pigment sensitizing solar cell and electrochromic device (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminate structure with excellent productivity is obtained. The porous polycrystal metal oxide is formed at low temperature and high speed. The structure provides inexpensive product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) laminate structure; and    (2) product having the laminate structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-section of the lamination of the polycrystal metal oxide film.    Paper base material (1)    Protective layer (2)    Porous polycrystal metal oxide layer (3)    Laminate structure (10)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a carrier, and palladium and nickel supported on carrier comprising silica, titania, graphitized carbon fiber or carbon nanofiber.    USE - For hydrogen manufacture (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high durability, while decomposing hydrocarbon, such as methane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of catalyst, which involves using silica, titania, graphitized carbon fiber or carbon nanofiber as carrier, immersing carrier to the solution of nickel compound and palladium compound, and drying immersed carrier; and    (2) manufacture of hydrogen, which involves decomposing a hydrocarbon in the presence of catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows variation of methane conversion ratio of palladium-nickel/silica catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises a metal chosen from VIII group and IB group, on a solid superstrong-acid support.    USE - For water vapor modification method used in manufacture of hydrogen used as fuel of fuel cell system (all claimed), and steam reforming.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst enables manufacture of mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, inexpensively using cheap low activity metal.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) water vapor modification method, which involves manufacturing mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen from raw material mixture containing hydrocarbon compound and water vapor, using the catalyst;    (2) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus used for producing hydrogen using mixed gas containing carbon monoxide and hydrogen, by carbon monoxide selective-removal process; and    (3) fuel cell system equipped with fuel cell, which uses hydrogen manufactured by using hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    fuel tank (3)    desulfurizer (5)    carbon monoxide selection oxidation-reaction device (11)    solid polymeric-type fuel cell (17)
NOVELTY - Chlorine is processed in a fuel cell (1). Carbon dioxide in oxidation gas is electrochemically reacted with oxygen, to form carbonate ion which moves to anode (3) via an electrolyte board (4). The carbonate ion reacts with hydrogen from fuel-supply line (8), to form carbon dioxide and water. Chlorine is then reacted with the metal carbonate of the electrolyte board, to form a metal chloride.    USE - For processing chlorine in waste materials, such as exhaust gas emitted from incinerators and waste disposals.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method prevents emission of dioxins, and enables production of harmless chloride. Carbon dioxide and oxygen having high purity are collected efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Chlorine is processed in a fuel cell (1) having a supply line (7) which supplies oxidation gas containing carbon-dioxide, oxygen and chlorine. A fuel-supply line (8) pours a fuel containing hydrogen, and an emission line (9) emits water and carbon dioxide. The emission line is connected to the anode (3). The fuel cell has an electrolyte board (4) of molten carbonate, arranged between the anode and cathode (2). Carbon dioxide is electrochemically reacted with oxygen, to form carbonate ion which moves to the anode via the electrolyte board. The carbonate ion reacts with hydrogen from the fuel-supply line, to form carbon dioxide and water which are emitted by the emission line. Chlorine is then reacted with the metal carbonate of the electrolyte board, to form a metal chloride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the conceptual diagram of processing method of chlorine.    fuel cell (1)    cathode (2)    anode (3)    electrolyte board (4)    oxidation-gas supply line (7)    fuel-supply line (8)    emission line (9)
NOVELTY - The catalyst contains gold and a metal oxide comprising positive metal ion having electronegativity of 10-14.    USE - For water gas shift reaction of reformed fuel gas, and fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has oxidation-reduction property. The catalyst provides higher carbon monoxide conversion ratio at low temperature, and enables size reduction of water-gas shift reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows relation between reaction temperature and carbon monoxide conversion ratio of reformed fuel gas, while using the catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The sealing film consists of an ethylene-vinyl-acetate (EVA) copolymer resin film (1) on which an aperture (1A) or a recess is formed for holding solar cells (14). The thickness of sealing film is 0.2-5 times the thickness of solar cells, and the aperture area is 0.8-1.2 times the area of solar cells.    USE - Sealing film for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents failure of a cell, when sealing film is pushed against the solar cell at the sealing process, when the solar cell module is prepared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective diagram of the sealing film manufacturing process for solar cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    EVA film (1)    aperture (1A)    EVA film for sealing (2,3)    back cover (12)    solar cells (14)
NOVELTY - The resin composition contains a redox system electrolyte pair and a reactive component. The reactive component contains a cation polymerizable initiator and a cation polymerizable resin.    USE - Optoelectric transducers (claimed) and photoelectric cell.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition has excellent durability and charge transportability. The optoelectric transducer containing the resin composition has excellent photoelectric conversion ability and is safe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer; and    (2) manufacture of optoelectric transducer.
NOVELTY - Liquid fuel battery containing an insulator (13) for tightly sealing fluid between each electrode electrolyte integrating material (14), positive electrode for restoring oxygen, negative electrode oxidizing a fuel, electrolyte layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and liquid fuel storage unit (3) for storing liquid fuel.    USE - Generating electricity.    ADVANTAGE - Enables stable generation of electricity and use of liquid as fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Liquid fuel battery contains an insulator for tightly sealing fluid between each electrode electrolyte integrating material, positive electrode for restoring oxygen, negative electrode oxidizing a fuel, electrolyte layer between the positive electrode and the negative electrode and liquid fuel storage unit for storing liquid fuel. The liquid fuel battery has two or more electrode electrolyte integrating materials and each electrode electrolyte integrating material is electrically connected by the conductive material (12) which is covered with the insulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of the liquid fuel battery.    Fuel tank (3)    Negative and positive electrode collector (7a,7b)    Electroconductive core material (12)    Insulator (13)    Electrolyte integration material (14)
NOVELTY - The method involves inserting catalyst mat coil (5) consisting of sequentially wound holding mat (2) and holding layer (4) on peripheral surface of a honeycomb ceramic catalyst (1), into a metal case (3) after compressing the mat on the surface of the catalyst. The mat is adhered at a pressure of more than 0.5Kg/ohm cm2 with respect to the peripheral surface of the catalyst.    USE - For assembling catalyst modifier used as catalytic converter in exhaust gas purification system of vehicle engine, and also used as hydrogen modifier for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst modifier is easily assembled by inserting the catalyst mat coil into the metal case, without generating gap between the mat and the catalyst. The assembly property of the catalyst modifier is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The holding mat containing only inorganic fiber, is needle punched in the alumina fiber mat. The holding layer is a resin film, nonwoven fabric, net, cheese cloth.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the assembling structure of the catalyst modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    catalyst (1)    holding mat (2)    metal case (3)    holding layer (4)    catalyst mat coil (5)
NOVELTY - A reinforcement element (3) is provided at the opposing frame (2) of back side of solar cell module main housing (1). A shock absorbing material (4) is interposed between the reinforcement element and the housing.    USE - Used in building such as residence and also for environmental conservation.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents detachment of frame and seal without using large sized frame.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-section of structure of the solar cell module.    Solar cell module main housing (1)    Frame (2)    Reinforcement element (3)    Shock absorbing material (4)    Back sheet (8)
NOVELTY - A low refractive-index layer (17) has refractive index less than refractive index of urethane resin in a hard-coat layer (18) that is laminated on a base material layer (20). The refractive index of the low refractive-index layer, is 1.35-1.50 and refractive index of the hard-coat layer, is 1.45-1.80. The surface roughness of the corrugated structure in the hard-coat layer, is 80-500nm.    USE - For substrate (claimed) of image display device (claimed) such as LCD and organic electroluminescence (EL) display device used in mobile telephone, personal digital assistant (PDA), monitor of video camera, personal portable phone system (PHS), monitor for car navigation and substrate for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents ghost phenomenon due to reflection of light. Reduces the size and weight of the display device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) substrate;    (2) image display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows liquid crystal cell manufacturing method.    low refractive-index layer (17)    hard-coat layer (18)    base material layer (20)    liquid crystal (23)    reflection prevention resin sheet (31)
NOVELTY - The fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonyl fluoride group is held in flow-through-type reactor, and contacted with alkali-salt-type processing agent and subsequently contacted with wash water. The resultant material is contacted with acid type processing agent, and subsequently with wash water, to obtain fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonic acid-type group.    USE - For manufacturing fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonic acid type group used for films, fibers, sheets, ion-exchange materials, fuel cells, and medical materials.    ADVANTAGE - The fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonic acid type group is efficiently obtained at high quality having small content of impurity. The process is performed within short time, and liquid exchange reaction is excluded during the process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonyl fluoride group is held in flow-through-type reactor, and contacted with alkali-salt-type processing agent. The sulfonyl fluoride group is converted into alkali metal salt group of sulfonic acid, and the surplus alkali-salt type-processing agent is removed by contacting with wash water. The resultant material is contacted with acid type processing agent and the alkali metal salt of sulfonic acid is converted into sulfonic acid type group. Subsequently the material is contacted with wash water and surplus acid processing agent is removed, to obtain fluorine-containing polymer having sulfonic acid-type group.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows diagram of flow-through-type reactor.    liquid supply port (1)    liquid extraction mouth (2)    jacket (3)    jacket liquid inlet (4)    jacket liquid exit (5)
NOVELTY - Layer arrangement comprises a substrate (2), a metal film (3), a metal dichalcogenide separating layer (4) and a chalcogenide semiconductor layer (6). The crystallographic orientation of the separating layer is such that the c-axis lies perpendicularly to the metal film parallel to surface of the metal film and next to the chalcogenide semiconductor layer.    USE - Used in the production of thin layer solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The layer arrangement has a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of a solar cell based on the layer arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the layer arrangement.    substrate (2)    metal film (3)    separating layer (4)    chalcogenide semiconductor layer (6)    lattice layer (7)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a kind of Ti-V based BCC phase alloy with high hydrogen storage capacity. The alloy is Ti100-x-y-zVxMnyMz, where x is 15-50, y is 5-30, z is 5-30, x+y+z is 50-80, andM is one or two of Cr, Fe and RE. The alloy is one single BCC solid solution phase structure or one two-phase structure with BCC phase and included partial C14 Laves phase. The production of the alloy includes one annealing process at 800-1500 degrees C for 0.5-50 hr. The alloy has a maximum hydrogen storage capacity of 3.8-4. 2 wt%, hydrogen releasing capacity of 2.5-3 wt% below 100 degrees C. The alloy has simple production process and wide application range in hydrogen storage and transportation, negative pole material of Ni-H battery, hydrogen storage bottle for fuel cell, etc.
NOVELTY - Solar cell is manufactured by forming porous film having resistance to etching on semiconductor substrate (11) for solar cell through employing a paste, and etching the semiconductor substrate having porous film that serves as a mask to form antireflection structure having fine irregularities on the semiconductor substrate.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The invention allows the textured structure (15) to be readily formed on surface of semiconductor substrate to trap more sunlight irrespective of crystal structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view showing the formation of textured structure on surface of crystalline substrate through etching.    Semiconductor substrate (11)    Sunlight incident surface (11a)    Textured structure (15)
NOVELTY - Air moving equipment comprises an inlet and an outlet, an air flow path connecting the inlet to the outlet, a contamination source, and a seal-leak detection system (50) positioned within the air flow path downstream of the contamination source and upstream of the outlet.    USE - The air moving equipment is used as a compressor, e.g. a twin screw compressor (21), a Lysholm compressor, or a rotary compressor (claimed). It is useful for providing necessary oxygen or air flow to power-producing equipment or other equipment that functions as a result of the air flow, e.g. engines, motors, and low temperature catalytic reactions e.g. fuel cells. It can also be used for other equipment where the cleanliness of the gas stream is important, e.g. a paint sprayer or tools.    ADVANTAGE - The invention inhibits or eliminates contamination of the air stream by the air moving equipment itself and provides for timely shutdown of the fuel cell system in the event of excess contamination of the air stream.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system comprising air moving equipment, and a fuel cell having an oxidant inlet for receiving air from the air moving equipment outlet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic partial view of a seal-leak detection arrangement usable with air handling equipment.    Twin screw compressor (21)    Lubricant (42)    Sensor (45a, 45b)    Seal-leak detection system (50)
NOVELTY - Electrolyte membrane (13) for use in a fuel cell comprises a matrix (13A) comprising a proton-conducting polymer, and a sheet (13B) comprising an inorganic fiber.    USE - The electrolyte membrane is used in a fuel cell, i.e. a direct methanol fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive electrolyte membrane has excellent methanol-crossover-suppression performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a fuel cell comprising an anode (12), a cathode (14), and an electrolyte membrane disposed between the electrodes;    (b) a method for producing an electrolyte membrane for use in a fuel cell, which comprises obtaining a sheet consisting of an inorganic fiber, obtaining a fluid composition comprising a proton-conducting polymer dissolved or dispersed in a solvent, impregnating the fluid composition into the sheet, and removing the solvent from the composition;    (c) a method for producing an electrolyte, which comprises obtaining a sheet consisting of an inorganic fiber, obtaining a fluid composition comprising at least one monomer capable of polymerizing to form a proton-conducting polymer, impregnating the fluid composition into the sheet, polymerizing the monomer(s) contained in the composition in the above state, and removing the solvent from the composition; and    (d) a method for suppressing methanol crossover in a fuel cell in which methanol is supplied as fuel, which comprises obtaining an electrolyte membrane, and using the electrolyte membrane between an anode and a cathode of a direct methanol fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic diagram showing the direct methanol fuel cell.    Anode (12)    Electrolyte membrane (13)    Proton-conducting polymer matrix (13A)    Sheet (13B)    Cathode (14)
NOVELTY - A membrane electrode assembly comprises an anode including a hydrogen oxidation catalyst; a cathode; a membrane; and a peroxide decomposition catalyst positioned in the anode, the cathode, a layer between the anode and the membrane, or a layer between the cathode and the membrane. The peroxide decomposition catalyst has selectivity when exposed to hydrogen peroxide toward reactions which form benign products from the hydrogen peroxide.    USE - For power-producing fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invented membrane electrode assembly has enhanced useful lifetime.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the invention, where a catalyst is provided in layers between the membrane and anode and between the membrane and cathode.    Membrane electrode assembly (42)
NOVELTY - An ion-exchange membrane (10) comprises a water-insoluble perfluoroamine impregnated within the membrane. The perfluoroamine is a primary, secondary, or tertiary amine.    USE - For an electrochemical fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The membrane has improved electrochemical performance. It employs perfluoroamine that is non-toxic, non-flammable, inert, and easy to handle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of improving electrochemical fuel cell performance, comprising impregnating a perfluoroamine into an ion-exchange membrane, assembling the membrane into a fuel cell, and operating the fuel cell with the perfluoroamine impregnated within the membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows techniques for increasing impregnation of a membrane with perfluoroamine.    Ion-exchange membrane (10)    Sides (12, 14)    Pressure (P1, P2)
NOVELTY - A staged fuel cell assembly (1000) comprises fuel cells (10) and a heat exchanger (30) with a primary fluid delivery system (20) disposed between adjacent fuel cells to deliver a primary fluid (50) to the fuel cells.    USE - For power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell assembly provides improved thermal management system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for thermal management of a staged fuel cell assembly, comprising delivering a primary fluid to fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exemplary cross-sectional view of the staged fuel cell assembly with a secondary fluid delivery system.    Fuel cells (10)    Primary fluid delivery system (20)    Heat exchanger (30)    Primary fluid (50)    Secondary fluid delivery system (55)    Secondary fluid (70)    Staged fuel cell assembly (1000)
NOVELTY - An alkali metal borate is reacted with carbon dioxide and a lower alcohol, in the presence of a porous particulate water-absorbing material to observe water as it forms, and trialkyl borate, alkyl metal bicarbonate and water, are produced.    USE - For production of trialkyl borates for regenerating borohydride material used as fuel in hydrogen generator and in transportation industry.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery of boron values from mixture of alkali metal borate and alkali metal hydroxide, is improved. The porous water absorbing material is added to the reaction mixture to absorb water as its forms resulting in improvement of yield of trialkyl borate. The borohydride is recovered and is cost-effective and environmentally acceptable. Formation of boric acid is minimized, hence the danger of runaway hyperthermia is prevented. The trialkyl borate, preferably trimethyl borate is subsequently converted to borohydride compound which is used as fuel in the transportation industry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An alkali metal borate is reacted with carbon dioxide and a lower alcohol, in the presence of a porous particulate water-absorbing material to observe water as it forms, and trialkyl borate, alkyl metal bicarbonate and water, are produced. The trialkyl borate is of formula: B(OR)3, where R is straight or branched 1-6C alkyl.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen separation membrane (11) is provided at gas flow-direction downstream side of modification catalyst portion (9). The flow direction of heating gas in portion (9) and hydrogen route (13) are made parallel. The volume of modification catalyst portion is decreased sequentially from inlet (9a) to exit (9b) and the volume of hydrogen route is increased gradually from inlet (13a) to exit (13b).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Increases the frequency of contact of hydrogen in reformed gas and hydrogen separation membrane, thus improves hydrogen yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a disassembled isometric view of the internal component of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    combustion catalyst portion (7)    modification catalyst portion (9)    inlet (9a)    exit (9b)    hydrogen separation membrane (11)    hydrogen route (13)    inlet (13a)    exit (13b)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide oxidation reaction device (41) is provided, to which hydrogen rich gas permeated through hydrogen separation membranes (29,37) of the membrane reactor (23) and shift reaction device (33) is fed through hydrogen route (43).    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Improves efficiency of fuel reformer. Usage amount of hydrogen permselective material of hydrogen separation membrane is decreased and cost is lowered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows block diagram of the fuel cell system equipped with fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    membrane reactor (23)    hydrogen separation membranes (29,37)    shift reaction device (33)    carbon monoxide oxidation reaction device (41)
NOVELTY - A glass substrate (1) surface is roughened by sand-blast process, using mixed grinding particles consisting of grinding particles of varying particle size. Thus, roughened glass substrate is obtained.    USE - For roughening glass substrate used in solar battery elements.    ADVANTAGE - The roughening method of glass substrate is inexpensive, has high through-put and closing-light effect. The method prevents steep slope in roughness, leak and defects of upper surface of the substrate. The method enables forming solar battery element efficiently and inexpensively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the laminate of solar battery element glass substrate formed using the roughening method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    glass substrate (1)    surface electrode (2)    base layer (3)    light active layer (4)    anti-reflective coating (6)
NOVELTY - The cell (1) has a main electrode base (2) in which a photocatalyst layer (9) containing titanium dioxide for attaching pigments (8), is formed. A counter electrode base (3) in which an oxidation-reduction catalyst layer (10) is formed is arranged at a specific distance from base (2). A light incident portion (11) is formed between the bases. The space between the bases is filled with electrolyte (6).    USE - Pigment sensitizing solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The energy of sunlight irradiated on the pigment sensitizing photovoltaic cell can be used effectively and high photoelectric conversion efficiency can be achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the diagram and a section of the pigment sensitizing photovoltaic cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pigment sensitizing photovoltaic cell (1)    Main electrode base (2)    Counter electrode base (3)    Electrolyte (6)    Attaching pigments (8)    Photocatalyst layer (9)    Oxidation-reduction catalyst layer (10)    Light incident portion (11)
NOVELTY - A pair of fans (7a,7b) are in low and high temperature gas supply paths, respectively. The low temperature gas is supplied to the high temperature gas supply path by using the fans.    USE - For electrical power generation system (claimed), such as fuel cell or power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system enables efficient generation of electrical power by utilizing heat of hot waste gas. The cooling of fan in high temperature gas supply path is efficiently performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for;    (1) An electrical power generating system; and    (2) A gas circulation fan.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above gas circulation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    compressor (1)    fuel cell (2)    fuel modifier (6)    fans (7a,7b)
NOVELTY - Vapor deposition material having zinc oxide is arranged at hearth (51) of a film formation chamber. An upper magnetic field adjoined to the hearth by magnetic field control component, is controlled. High density plasma beam is supplied to vapor deposition material. The deposited substance is evaporated, ionized and adhered to the surface of a substrate. Subsequently, a thin film is formed.    USE - For forming zinc oxide thin film used as transparent electrode of liquid crystal display device or solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The homogeneous formation of zinc oxide thin film having favorable crystallinity at high film-forming speed, is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A vapor deposition material having zinc oxide is arranged at hearth arranged as an anode into a film formation chamber. An upper magnetic field adjoined to the hearth by magnetic field control component distributed around the hearth, is controlled. High density plasma beam is supplied to vapor deposition material, by arc discharge. The deposited substance is evaporated and ionized. The deposited substance is adhered to the surface of a substrate, which is arranged opposite to vapor deposition material. Subsequently, a thin film is formed. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for zinc oxide thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline sectional drawing of ion-plating apparatus used for forming zinc oxide thin film.    vacuum vessel (10)    plasma gun (30)    anode component (50)    hearth (51)    material rod (53)
NOVELTY - The solution of predetermined component ratio is prepared by dissolving raw material consisting of an indium chloride and tin chloride in a solvent. The solution is applied on a substrate heated to predetermined temperature under normal pressure and indium tin oxide film containing corundum crystal phase is obtained.    USE - Manufacture of indium tin oxide film used as transparent electrode films such as liquid crystal display, plasma display, organic electroluminescent display, solar cell, optical sensor, cathode ray tube and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - The indium tin oxide film has high durability with respect to ultraviolet radiation, excellent electrical property and environmental resistance at high humidity/temperature. The film contains corundum type crystal phase which is excellent when compared to the conventional crystal structure. The film is suitable as transparent electrodes such as display device and solar cell of high reliability degree.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) indium tin oxide film; and    (2) display device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the X-ray diffraction peak of corundum type indium tin oxide film and conventional indium tin oxide film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The monolithic-type fuel-modified catalyst is formed by laminating a sheet of cloth consisting of fiber made from ceramic and/or metal, and/or non-woven fabric, holding modified-catalyst component. The catalyst has macropore which penetrate heating gas. The average number of holes per inch of through-hole per 1 inch length is 20-120. The catalyst reforms hydrocarbon group fuel and produces hydrogen rich gas.    USE - For producing hydrogen rich gas from fuel for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The monolithic-type fuel-modified catalyst has high fuel conversion ratio, selectivity and space-velocity. The catalyst restrains production of by-products, such as carbon monoxide. The modified catalyst system used in fuel cell electric vehicle produces weight of vehicle component and size of power generating unit.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of monolithic-type fuel modified catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the modified catalyst system at the time of mounting monolithic-type catalyst on the electric vehicle. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An inert gas is converted into plasma state and is deposited as a transparent electroconductive film on a base material such that transparent film is formed with the velocity of film deposition at 2-20 nm/sec. The carbon content in the film detected by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) after film formation is 0.1-3 at.%.    USE - Forming transparent electroconductive film (claimed) used for liquid crystal display, organic electroluminescent display, plasma display panel, electronic paper, touch panel and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides film with excellent productivity, low resistance and adhesion with base.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for transparent electroconductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of atmospheric pressure plasma discharge thin film forming apparatus.    Plasma discharge processing apparatus (30)    Roll rotating electrode (35)    Rectangular tube fixing group (36)    Voltage application unit (40)    Gas supplier (50)
NOVELTY - 9-Phenylxanthene type pigment (1) has specific structure.    USE - For organic-dye sensitizing type porous oxide semiconductor electrode used for optoelectric transducer (both claimed), such as light switching apparatus, sensor and solar cell for electronic table-top calculator, wrist watch, mobile telephone, portable radio and portable audio visual apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - 9-Phenylxanthene type pigment has excellent sensitivity, and provides optoelectric transducer with excellent photoelectric conversion.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - 9-Phenylxanthene type pigment has structure of formula (1).    R1-R4 = H or 1-3C alkyl;    X1 = oxygen or group of formula R5-C-R6 (2);    R7-R10 = H, halogen, 1-3C alkyl, nitro, cyano, 1-3C alkoxy or hydroxyl;    X2 = phosphoric acid, sulfonic acid, carboxyl or carboxylate-ester;    n = 1, 2 or 3;    R11 = same as R7;    m = 5-n;    Y1 = oxygen or sulfur; and    R5, R6 = carboxyl, carboxylate-ester, cyano, hydroxyl or H.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) organic-dye sensitizing type porous oxide semiconductor electrode, which is obtained by adsorbing organic dye such as pigment of formula (1), to a porous oxide semiconductor electrode; and    (2) optoelectric transducer, which has conductive layer clamped between oxide semiconductor electrode, and its counter electrode.
NOVELTY - The liquid fuel battery has anode (9), cathode (11), electrolyte layer (10) and liquid fuel storage tank (2). The storage tank is provided with vapor-liquid separation hole having gas-liquid separation film (3) which is porous fluororesin film subjected to oil-repellent process or a laminate of fluororesin film and another permeable material. The oil-repellent process is optionally performed to separation film.    USE - Electric power unit for cordless apparatus such as mobile telephone and personal computers.    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel battery stably generates electric power and prevents the leakage of liquid fuel.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid fuel battery has anode which reduces oxygen, cathode which oxidizes the fuel, an electrolyte layer which is provided between the anode and cathode, and a liquid fuel storage tank. The storage tank is provided with vapor-liquid separation hole having gas-liquid separation film (3) which is porous fluororesin film subjected to oil-repellent process or a laminate of fluororesin film and another permeable material. The oil-repellent process is optionally performed to separation film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the section of the liquid fuel battery.    Liquid fuel storage tank (2)    Gas-liquid separation film (3)    Anode (9)    Electrolyte layer (10)    Cathode (11)
NOVELTY - The method involves reacting water molecule permeated through a container (11) made of transparent material having water vapor permeable property, with hydride (8) stored in the container, so as to generate hydrogen. The pressure of water at contact area of the water and the container, is adjusted to control permeation of water molecule.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen used for small sized fuel cell used in mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The permeation amount of the water molecule is easily controlled, hence hydrogen generation is efficiently controlled. The hydrogen generation process is simplified.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reaction between the water molecule and the hydride, is controlled by controlling the permeation amount of water molecule.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen generator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generator.    hydrogen generator (1)    housing (2)    hydride (8)    container (11)    water (W)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell and/or reformer component comprises gas impermeable and permeable part(s) of magnesium oxide-magnesium aluminum oxide.    USE - The invention is used in solid oxide fuel cells and/or reformers.    ADVANTAGE - The invention prevents risk of fuel and oxidant mixing in an uncontrolled and dangerous manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming a gas impermeable fuel cell and/or reformer component comprising converting MgO and aluminum oxide into MgO-MgAl2O4.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor substrate comprises: (a) a substrate (12) used in electronic and integrated circuits; (b) a layer of refractory polycrystalline material formed on the substrate portion; and (c) a layer of polycrystalline silicon formed on the refractory layer (14).    USE - The semiconductor device, e.g. thin film transistor, is used in liquid crystal displays or light emitting diodes. It can also be a PIN diode for imaging sensors or photovoltaic cells. (all claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The device has improved polysilicon properties with reduced cost of the annealing process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for preparing a semiconductor device comprising forming a layer of refractory polycrystalline material on a portion of a substrate for use in electronic and integrated circuits. A layer of polycrystalline silicon is formed on the refractory layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-section of the layer structure during formation.    Substrate (12)    Refractory layer (14)
NOVELTY - An electro-chemical gas compressor has a stack (1) of electrochemical cells (2) bipolar plate partitions (3. 3'). The plates have apertures for the admission and discharge of media to and from the cells. The stack shape is retained by compression fixtures. The apertures (4, 5a, 5b, 10) especially have elastic crimped closures which open or shut off a zone within the cell.    USE - Stack of electro-chemical cells for gas diffusion plant associated e.g. with fuel cell, or for production of a gas by electrolysis.    ADVANTAGE - The stack has reliable low-cost seals.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - On one side each electrochemical cell is separated from the bipolar partition by a gas diffusion panel (9) fabricated from a conductor e.g. made of metal fibers. The crimped zones have an elastic coating of an agent applied by screen printing, tampon print, spray or the cured in-place gasket process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the components making up a single cell.    Cell (2)    bipolar partition panel (3)    aperture (4)    aperture (5a)    aperture (5b)    diffusion panel (9)    aperture (10)
NOVELTY - Device for removing almost pure hydrogen from a hydrogen-containing gas stream for operating a fuel cell comprises a first hydrogen separation module (2), and a further hydrogen separation module (10) arranged in the flow direction of the residual gas stream to divide the residual gas stream into almost pure hydrogen and residual gas.    USE - For an auxiliary power unit based on a fuel cell in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A high yield of hydrogen is produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Device for removing almost pure hydrogen from a hydrogen-containing gas stream, especially a gas stream from a hydrogen generating unit, for operating a fuel cell comprises a first hydrogen separation module (2) for dividing the hydrogen-containing gas into almost pure hydrogen and a residual gas stream, and a further hydrogen separation module (10) arranged in the flow direction of the residual gas stream to divide the residual gas stream into almost pure hydrogen and residual gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for removing almost pure hydrogen from a hydrogen-containing gas stream, especially a gas stream from a hydrogen generating unit, for operating a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    first hydrogen separation module (2)    fuel cell (7)    further hydrogen separation module (10)    hydrogen conveying unit (12)    auxiliary reactor (14)
NOVELTY - Preparation of a layer of a nano-porous metal oxide semiconductor involves preparing metal oxide semiconductor nano-particles by a wet precipitation process; heating the nano-particles at 250 - 600degreesC; preparing a dispersion of the heat-treated nano-particles, followed by applying the dispersion to the support to form a coating; and applying a pressure of 100 - 1000 bar at below 250degreesC.    USE - For preparation of a layer of semiconductor of a nano-porous metal oxide (e.g. titanium oxide, tin oxide, niobium oxide, tantalum oxide, tungsten oxide or zinc oxide) which is useful in a photovoltaic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process can be carried out at low temperature and an electrically conducting and mechanically stable layer can be obtained, thus the photovoltaic cell with higher efficiency can be obtained. The device obtained is regenerative.
NOVELTY - An adsorbent for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuel, which comprises cerium oxide and, optionally, at least one oxide selected from aluminium oxide, silicon oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and magnesium oxide, is new.    USE - The adsorbent is for use for removing sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuels and for producing hydrogen for use for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The adsorbent can efficiently remove various sulfur compounds from hydrocarbon fuels even at room temperature with a low concentrations of sulfur compounds. The process efficiently produce hydrogen which is suitable for fuel cells.
NOVELTY - A method for producing a metal sulfide thin film, which comprises vaporizing a metal halide compound as a first material and a thioamide compound as a second material and reacting them under atmospheric pressure, is new.    USE - The metal sulfide thin film, especially if it is pylite FeS2, is advantageous for use as a light absorbing material for thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides a single phase thin film having a high quality with a low production cost and with ease.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an apparatus for producing a metal sulfide thin film.    First material (1)    Second material (2)    Substrate (3)    Boat for first material (4a)    Boat for second material (4b)    Heater (5a)    Heater (5b)    Heater (5c)    Support for substrate (6)    First material vaporization part (11)    Second material vaporization part (12)    Film formation part (13)
NOVELTY - A solar cell includes, sequentially, a first buffer layer, second buffer layer, a first compound layer, and second compound layer. The buffer layers permit boron content in the compound layers to be greater than 3%.    USE - Used as solar cell or photovoltaic cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has increased conversion efficiency and power. By using the novel materials, lattice matched materials for pump lasers can be grown and low bandgap p-high electron mobility transistor (p-HEMT) devices can also be fabricated. The lattice-mismatched indium gallium arsenide can be grown on gallium arsenide to process p-HEMT devices. The solar cell allows the growth of lattice matched boron gallium indium arsenide or boron gallium arsenic antimony materials on gallium arsenide with the required bandgap for p-HEMT devices. Since the material can be lattice matched, device performance increases over the present lattice mismatched materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (a) a solar cell system comprising a solar array solar cell(s) and window;    (b) satellite system comprising satellite and solar cell array;    (c) forming a gallium arsenide buffer layer for use in a solar cell, by growing the buffer layer at 525-575degreesC, annealing the buffer layer at 580-700degreesC, and cooling the buffer layer at 525-575degreesC; and    (d) forming an atomically ordered gallium indium phosphide buffer layer for solar cell by introducing tertiary butyl phosphine as a phosphorus source gas to the buffer layer, and growing the buffer layer at 500-600degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a labeled schematic diagram of a triple-junction solar cell structure.
NOVELTY - A portion of metallic element is adhered to the surface of the polymeric resin substrate (1) by plasma processing, before the formation of thin film metal electrode layer.    USE - For manufacturing thin film electrode of solar cell used for electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the adhesion of thin film metal electrode layer and electrically insulating substrate. Also obtains uniform thin-film metal electrode layer on the surface of the substrate easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the plasma processor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    polymeric resin substrate (1)    cathode electrode (2)    anode electrode (3)    gas introduction port (4)    gas exhaust port (5)
NOVELTY - The dimethyl ether modification catalyst modifies a dimethyl ether. A metallic compound containing nitrate, sulfate and/or chloride of active metal is supported in a zeolite support, dried and bake-processed to manufacture dimethyl ether modification catalyst.    USE - For dimethyl ether modification system (claimed), and used for fuel cell such as solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dimethyl ether modification catalyst has high activity, durability and excellent selectivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for dimethyl ether modification system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flowchart of fuel cell apparatus equipped with reformer provided with modified catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell apparatus (1)    reformer (2)    hydrogen separation apparatus (3)    fuel cell (4)    dimethyl ether storage tank (5)
NOVELTY - The solar cell (10) has conductive layers (12a,12b), and a compound semiconductor layer, provided on an insulating substrate (11). A layer (19) containing Ia group elements is provided between the conductive layers. The compound semiconductor layer contains Ia group, IIIb group and IVb group elements.    USE - For motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has excellent reliability, durability, corrosion resistance, flexibility, electroconductivity, conversion efficiency and adhesion between substrate and conductive layers, and is lightweight. The metal used for the insulating substrate has excellent flexibility and strength. Construction of solar cell and attachment of solar cell to a curved surface, are easy. Diffusion of electroconductivity of the conductive layers is stable and uniform.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solar cell (10)    substrate (11)    conductive layers (12a,12b)    layer containing Ia group element (19)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst in a cylindrical container has a primary and secondary modification catalysts. The secondary modification catalyst is a heat absorption-type catalyst which performs modification of gas produced by modifying source gas having hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol, in primary catalyst.    USE - Generating hydrogen for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to maintain the CO conversion catalyst at preset temperature, by reducing the temperature of gas using secondary modification catalyst. The need for forced cooling device is eliminated, by which the weight and size of the hydrogen generator are reduced. The hydrogen generator is mounted easily into the fuel cell. The primary and secondary catalysts enable efficient production of hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The container accommodates the modification catalyst for modifying source gas into a gas mixture containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide (CO) conversion catalyst for converting gas mixture and carbon monoxide removal catalyst for reducing CO concentration, in order. The primary modification catalyst performs partial oxidation reaction or combined modification reaction.
NOVELTY - A chemical vapor deposition (CVD) source gas, produced in a fluidized bed (2) by using a metallic silicon as a raw material, is preheated by a heater (4). The CVD source gas reacts on a substrate and deposits a silicon layer on the substrate. The particle size of the crystal grains in the deposited silicon layer is enlarged, and then the silicon layer is peeled from the substrate.    USE - For manufacturing silicon substrate for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables a sharp decrease in the manufacturing cost of the silicon substrate for solar cells and carbon dioxide load, and improves the quality and productivity of the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a silicon substrate manufacturing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above manufacturing system of silicon substrate for solar cells. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fluidized bed (2)    heat exchanger (3)    heater (4)    CVD reactor (5)    peeling apparatus (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with catalysts (A and B), to remove the sulfur content. The catalyst (A) contains 0.1-50 mass% of rare earth elements or its compound supported on Y-type zeolite. The catalyst (B) comprises 20 mass% or more of metal or its compound. The metal is nickel, zinc or copper.    USE - For desulfurizing hydrocarbon, for producing hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrocarbon is desulfurized effectively under low pressure conditions, without reducing the catalyst activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system..    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    fuel tank (3)    fuel feed pump (4)    desulfurizer (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with any one of catalysts (A-C) and sulfur is removed from the hydrocarbon. Catalyst (A) supports compounds of rare earth element or rare earth elements to Y-type zeolite. Catalyst (B) contains specific metal(s) on a support containing zeolite and/or clay compound. Catalyst (C) contains specific metal(s) or its oxide.    USE - For desulfurization of hydrocarbon containing sulfur, used for fuel cell system (claimed) e.g. solid polymeric fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel method enables efficient removal of sulfur from hydrocarbon. The fuel cell is efficiently operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrocarbon containing sulfur is contacted with any one of catalysts (A-C) and sulfur is removed from the hydrocarbon containing sulfur. Catalyst (A) supports 0.1-50 mass% of compounds of rare earth element or rare earth elements to Y-type zeolite. Catalyst (B) supports 0.01-10 mass% of platinum, palladium and/or rhenium, on support containing 30 mass% or more of zeolite and/or clay compound. Catalyst (C) contains 20 mass% or more of zinc, nickel and copper or its oxides.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the above fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    fuel tank (3)    fuel feed pump (4)    desulfurizer (5)
NOVELTY - A wiring material (9) provided at the reverse side of a substrate (1), has a copper foil (10) and a solder (11) made of aluminum. An optoelectric transducer contacts the wiring material having thickness of 20 mum or less.    USE - Photoelectric converter.    ADVANTAGE - Maintains sufficient connection strength between wiring material and optical transducer by using wiring material having the copper foil and solder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photoelectric converter manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the photoelectric converter.    substrate (1)    lateral electrode (7)    wiring material (9)    copper foil (10)    solder (11)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film is formed by sputtering method. Water gas is mixed during sputtering process. The intensity of magnetic field component in a direction perpendicular to the direction of electric field formed between target and substrate during film formation is 500-3000 gauss.    USE - For solar cells and display devices.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily forms transparent electrically conductive film having high quality and low resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for transparent electrically conductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows graph showing change in resistivity of electrically conductive film with respect to hydrogen peroxide partial pressure when hydrogen peroxide is introduced during sputtering process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A composition used for forming a film of thickness 1-60 micronsm, by electrodeposition, on one or both surfaces of a metal separator of a fuel cell, comprises an ionic resin and an electroconductive powder, as main components. The electrical conductivity of the composition having a solid content of 2-30 wt.%, is 10-100 mohm/cm2.    USE - Used for forming a film at the surface of a metal separator of a solid-electrolyte type fuel cell used in motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - A uniform coating can be easily formed, having good corrosion resistance, on the rough surface of the metal separator, by suitably setting the composition of the coating film formation material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator has a rough surface. The electroconductive powder is mixed in a ratio of 5-100 weight parts w.r.t 100 weight parts of the ionic resin. The electroconductive powder comprises a powder whose surface is coated with metal.
NOVELTY - An aromatic polyamide film generates 1 g of gas when heated at a rate of 10degreesC/minute from 23-150degreesC, and 23-300degreesC in a helium atmosphere, and has a gas generation amount ratio of 0.9.    USE - Used as an adhesive tape and circuit board (both claimed), as a base material film for a magnetic recording medium, as a flexible printed substrate, as a capacitor, as a printer ribbon, as a sound diaphragm and as a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The aromatic polyamide film has a reduced amount of gas generation at high temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aromatic polyamide film has h300 x t of 0-0.3, and the ratio of h150/h300 is 0.9, where t is the film thickness (microns), h150 is 1 g of gas generated when heated at a rate of 10degreesC/minute from 23-150degreesC in a helium atmosphere, and h300 is 1 g of gas generated when heated at a rate of 10degreesC/minute from 23-300degreesC in a helium atmosphere.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an adhesive tape, which has an adhesive layer on the surface(s) of an aromatic polyamide film; and    (2) a circuit board, which has a metal layer on the surface(s) of an aromatic polyamide film.
NOVELTY - An ink-jet head (20) discharges film forming material containing diamagnetic material and setting resin on a medium (1). An orientation unit (30) orientates the diamagnetic material in the material discharged on the medium. A hardening unit (40) hardens the setting resin in the material discharged on the medium when the diamagnetic material is orientated in predetermined direction.    USE - For forming carbon nanotube film for electronic device e.g. field emission display, heat pump, solar cell, transistor and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to easily form the film having diamagnetic material of desired orientation, at high accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A preliminary orientation unit orientates the diamagnetic material in the film forming material held in ink-jet head. The hardening unit is ultraviolet light irradiation unit/electron-beam irradiation unit/heating unit, which is selected based on the type of the setting resin. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for carbon nanotube film formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the carbon nanotube film forming apparatus.    medium (1)    film forming apparatus (10)    ink-jet head (20)    orientation unit (30)    hardening unit (40)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen gas flow path (348) and a water flow path (308) are made to contact through a porous film (312) made of polyolefin-type resin film. The porous film transmits water, based on the differential pressure of hydrogen gas and water along respective flow path. The pressure adjustment of hydrogen gas or water is performed so that their differential pressure reaches preset value.    USE - Used for a humidification apparatus for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of humidification of hydrogen gas can be appropriately controlled. The size of the apparatus is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structural diagram of the hydrogen gas humidification layer.    water flow path (308)    water transmissive layer (310)    micro porous film (312)    hydrophilic layer (314)    hydrogen gas flow path (348)
NOVELTY - The transfer film consists of a thin-film layer (2) laminated on a transparent support (4) (base film) with rough surface having predetermined function. The other surface of thin-film layer which is not laminated with the base film, is adherable to a substrate. The rough surface of base film carries out diffused reflection of light.    USE - For manufacturing diffused-reflection board (claimed) used for reflective-type liquid crystal display device and solar cell, for manufacturing white board of light-shielding plate, decoration board, frosted glass, projection screen, optical filter and condensing board.    ADVANTAGE - The diffused-reflection board formed using transfer film, has favorable reflective property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of diffused-reflection board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of transfer film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    thin-film layer (2)    transparent support (base film) (4)    cover film (5)
NOVELTY - The reflection prevention resin sheet has a base material (20) laminated in order by a gas barrier layer (19), a hard-coat layer (18), and a low-refractive index layer (17). The hard-coat layer contains transparent particles and the low refractive index layer consists of material having refractive index lower than the hard-coat layer formation resin.    USE - For substrate of image display device and substrate of solar cells (all claimed), liquid crystal display and electroluminescence display device.    ADVANTAGE - The reflection prevention resin sheet is thin, lightweight, and has high durability. The sheet prevents glare from back light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) substrate for image display devices;    (2) image display device; and    (3) substrate for solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacturing method of the liquid-crystal cell substrate, by the spreading method.    low-refractive index layer (17)    hard-coat-layer (18,18')    gas barrier layer (19)    base material layer (20)
NOVELTY - A double-sided adhesive sheet (1) has a corrugated pattern formed at one surface, or at the double-sided adhesion surface with a release film (3) provided with a corrugated pattern.    USE - Used for laminated sheet material used in laminates (both claimed) used as transparent protection panel laminates and glass laminates of flat-surface type image apparatus, crime-prevention showcase, windows, machine-tool windows, vehicle windows, art work, optical lens, LCDs, plasma display panels, electroluminescent displays, solar-cell panels, rail vehicles, and aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - The double-sided adhesive sheet can be stretched and brought together without any special technique, at normal temperature. Curvature produced in expansion/contraction of laminate, peeling, and cracks are prevented. Air does not remain between the adherence surfaces. The adhesive sheet enables easy manufacture of lightweight display devices having excellent visibility and impact strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an adhesive sheet laminated sheet material; and    (2) a laminate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of the double-sided adhesive sheet.    double-sided adhesive sheet (1)    release films (2, 3)
NOVELTY - The method involves coupling organic and inorganic structural portions by a covalent bond using a metal alkoxide having a polymerizable substituent and an alkoxy group as a starting material. A portion of a polymerizable substituent of metal alkoxide is polymerized, to obtain an organic structural portion. A portion of the alkoxy group of metal alkoxide is crosslinked by gelatinization.    USE - For solid electrolyte used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Gel shrinkage which accompanies gelatinization is restrained even when the composite has a complicated shape. Generation of crack is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves coupling an organic structural portion and an inorganic structural portion by a covalent bond using a metal alkoxide having a polymerizable substituent and an alkoxy group as a starting material. A preparation containing metal alkoxide is prepared and a portion of a polymerizable substituent of metal alkoxide is polymerized, to obtain an organic structural portion. A portion of the alkoxy group of metal alkoxide is crosslinked by gelatinization, and the organic-inorganic composite is obtained by a sol gel process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of the polymerization process.    laser (1,2)    solid substance (3)
NOVELTY - Process for lowering the carbon monoxide content in a hydrogen-rich gas free from oxygen and containing water vapor, by circulation of the gas in contact with a catalyst comprising cobaltic oxide. The reaction is effected without addition of oxygen or an oxygen-containing gas.    USE - The process is useful in providing a hydrogen supply to a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - A preferential oxidation of CO is achieved by the use of an efficient and cheap catalyst. The process does not require introduction of an O2-containing gas thus avoiding any consumption of H2 by oxidation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT claim is also included for the installation for effecting the process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an installation for the gas treatment    water gas shift reactor (A)    CO elimination unit by preferential oxidation (B)    fuel cell (C)    recirculation line, if CO level (10 ppm) is not attained (L3)    recirculation valves (V1, V2)
NOVELTY - A conductive paste used for a rear electrode (5) of a silicon solar battery, comprises an aluminum powder; a glass frit; an organic vehicle; and particles of at least one of an organic compound and carbon which are insoluble or slightly soluble in the organic vehicle.    USE - Used for a rear electrode of a silicon solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The conductive paste does not shrink much during firing and consequently reduces the amount of Si wafer warping while maintaining the functions of a rear electrode for a Si solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) manufacture of a solar battery including a silicon (Si) wafer (2) having a p-Si layer and an n-Si layer, a light-receptive surface electrode on the n-Si layer, and a rear electrode on the p-Si layer, comprising forming the rear electrode by applying a conductive paste onto the p-Si layer of the Si wafer and firing the conductive paste; and    (b) a solar battery comprising a Si wafer having a p-Si layer and an n-Si layer; a light-receptive surface electrode on the n-Si layer, and a rear electrode on the p-Si layer, where the rear electrode contains pores with a mean diameter of 0.5-10 mum, occupying 1-20% of the volume of the rear electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of a silicon wafer having a rear electrode formed of conductive paste.    Si wafer (2)    Rear electrode (5)
NOVELTY - Device for producing hydrogen comprises a reformer (1) for converting a hydrocarbon gas and water into hydrogen and further reformer products. The reformer has a heat source (2) formed as burner and connected to waste gas flues (4, 7). A heat exchanger (5) is arranged in both waste gas flues. At least one of flues can be closed when the heat requirement is reached.    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The burner requires only a small amount of energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    Reformer (1)    Heat source (2)    Waste gas flues (4, 7)    Heat exchanger (5)    Heat exchangers (14)
NOVELTY - Alloy contains 1-15 % tin, 19-60 % copper, 30-80 % bismuth and 0-10 % oxidic oxygen.    USE - For decorative or functional purposes (claimed), e.g. as a coating material for buttons and sliding clasp fasteners and absorbing layers in solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The alloy is free from nickel, lead, selenium, chromium and antimony and also silver, gold, platinum, palladium, ruthenium and iridium.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Coated object comprising a substrate and a layer made from the above alloy;    (2) Electrolyte composition containing an ionogenic tin compound, an ionogenic copper compound and an ionogenic bismuth compound; and    (3) Electrolytic process for the production of dark alloy layers comprising preparing a substrate to be coated as cathode, preparing the above electrolyte composition, electrolytically depositing a dark alloy layer onto the substrate and optionally post-treating the alloy layer.
NOVELTY - System for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from educts consisting of water, an oxygen-containing medium, especially air, and hydrocarbon-containing starting materials, especially gasoline or diesel, comprises a reformer, a high temperature shift stage, a low temperature shift stage and a gas purification unit.    USE - For operating fuel cells in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Thorough mixing of the educt streams is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - System for producing a hydrogen-containing gas from educts consisting of water, an oxygen-containing medium, especially air, and hydrocarbon-containing starting materials, especially gasoline or diesel, comprises a reformer (3), a high temperature shift stage (4), a low temperature shift stage and a gas purification unit (6). Waste heat from one of the high temperature shift stages heat further educts and optionally water. One of the already heated educts flows through a heat exchanger (14) before it enters the reformer. The heat exchanger is arranged between the reformer and one of the high temperature shift stages.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell arrangement.    reformer (3)    high temperature stage (4)    low temperature stage (5)    heat exchanger (5')    gas purification unit (6)    heat exchanger (14)
NOVELTY - Heteroaromatic rhodium and iridium complexes (1, 2) are new.    USE - The compounds are useful in electroluminescent and/or phosphorescent devices as the emission layer and for use in solar cells, photovoltaic devices, organic photodetectors, organic solar cells, organic integrated circuits, organic field-effect transistors, organic thin-layer transistors and organic solid lasers (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The compounds have improved solubility allowing coating from solution and enable the production of polymeric triplet emitters.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New heteroaromatic rhodium and iridium complexes are of formula (1) and (2).    M = Rh, Ir;    X = O, S, Se;    Y = O, S, R-C=C-R, R-C=N;    R = N, F, Cl, NO2, CN, 1-20C (cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkoxy, optionally having non-neighboring CH2 group replaced by -O-, -S-, -NR1- or -CONR2- and optionally substituted by F, 4-14C (hetero)aryl optionally substituted by non-aromatic R with optionally R groups forming further mono- or polycyclic ring systems;    Ar = 1-40 C (hetero)aryl;    Q = F, Cl, Br, I, CN, COOH, NH2, OH, SH, NO2, SO3H, SiR3, 1-20C (cyclo)alkyl or (cyclo)alkoxy, optionally having non-neighboring CH2 group replaced by -O-, -S-, -NR1- or -CONR2- and optionally substituted by F, 4-14C (hetero)aryl optionally substituted by non-aromatic R;    A- = singly charged anion or equivalent;    R1-R4 = H or 1-20C aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbon;    a = 0-4 (0-2);    b = 0-3 (0 or 1);    c = 0-15 (0-2); and    n = 1-3.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) new heteroaromatic rhodium and iridium complexes of formula (3) and (4);    (2) a process for the production of the complexes;    (3) mixtures of compounds of formula (1)/(3) and/or (2)/(4) with optionally at least partially conjugated polymers; and    (4) an electronic component containing the compounds of formula (1), (2), (3) and/or (4).    Compounds of formula (A) are excluded.    R = (i) or (ii); and    R' = 2-ethylhexyl.
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a titanium-chromium system hydrogen-storing alloy modified by vanadium and iron, and is characterized by that (1) two elements of V and Fe are simultaneously substituted for partial element chromium in the TiCrx alloy, and (2) alloy composition is TiCrx-y-zVyFez, where x is greater than or equal to 1.75 or less than or equal to 2.0, Y is greater than zero or less than or equal to 1.2 and Z is greater than zero or less than or equal to 0.5. The hydrogen-stored capacity of the substituted titanium-chromium system hydrogen-storing alloy at zero degrees C maximally can exceed 3 wt%, it can be used as hydrogen-storing material for large scale hydrogen source, and can be used in the field of fuel cell, etc.
NOVELTY - Process for treating a photovoltaic active layer comprises contacting the layer with solvent molecules and/or heating.    USE - Used in a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Layer efficiency is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a photovoltaic element having a photovoltaic layer.
NOVELTY - Photoelectric transducer uses indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate covered with metal oxide or derivatives thereof as transparent electrode.    USE - The transducer is used in colorant sensitizing solar batteries when the metal oxide is sensitized by colorants.    ADVANTAGE - The product prevents the increase of ITO substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the product.    Transparent substrate (2)    Transparent electrode (3)    Metal oxide semiconductor layer (4)    Electrolyte layer (5)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell power generation system has reformer comprising a catalyst part where hydrocarbons are partially oxidized and a solid electrolyte fuel cell to which the hydrogen-containing partial oxidation gas is supplied, an oxygen electrode to which oxygen-containing gas is supplied, and an electrolyte.    USE - Used as a fuel cell power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - A reduction of the initiation time of the solid electrolyte fuel cell is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell power generation system comprises:    (a) a reformer into which oxygen-containing gas and raw material gas are passed, which has a catalyst part where hydrocarbons in the raw material gas are partially oxidized; and    (b) a solid electrolyte fuel cell, downstream of the reformer, which has a fuel electrode to which a partial oxidation gas containing hydrogen produced by passing raw material gas and oxygen-containing gas into the reformer, is supplied, an oxygen electrode to which oxygen-containing gas is supplied, and an electrolyte between the fuel electrode and the oxygen electrode, so an electrode reaction is performed of the partial oxidation gas and the oxygen-containing gas at the electrodes.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a fuel cell power generation system.    Power generation system (1)    Desulfurizer (3)    Inlet (3a)    Outlet (3b)    Burner (4)    First inlet (4a)    Second inlet (4b)    Outlet (4c)    Pre-reformer (5)    Inlet (5a)    Outlet (5b)    Heat exchanger (6)    Fuel cell (7)    Combustion device (9)    Heat exchanger (11)    Flow line (13)    Flow line (14)    Flow line (15)    Flow line (16)    Flow line (17)    Flow line (18)    Flow line (19)    Flow line (20)    Electromagnetic valve (21)    Electromagnetic valve (22)    Blower (23)    Blower (24)    Blower (25)    Air electrode (31)    Electrolyte (33)    Fuel electrode (35)    Air chamber (37)    Inlet (37a)    Fuel chamber (39)    Inlet (39a)    Recycle port (39b)
NOVELTY - Layer configuration on a support, comprises a layer containing a poly(3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene) polymer; and compound consisting of polyphosphoric acids, polyphosphoric acid salts, thia-alkanedicarboxylic acids, cyclohexadiene compounds, or polyhydroxy-compounds.    USE - Used as light emitting diode, photovoltaic device, solar cell, transistor, or electroluminescent device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The layer configuration has improved stability to visible and UV light exposure. It also increases the efficiency and lifetime of electronic devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Layer configuration on a support, comprises a layer containing a polymer containing optionally substituted 3,4-alkylenedioxythiophene structural units, in which the two alkoxy groups together represent an optionally substituted oxy-alkylene-oxy bridge; and compound consisting of polyphosphoric acids, polyphosphoric acid salts, thia-alkanedicarboxylic acids, cyclohexadiene compounds, or polyhydroxy-compounds such as tetronic acid derivatives, ortho-dihydroxybenzene compounds with at least one sulfo group, compounds of formula HO-CH2-CH(OH)-(CH2)In-S-CH2-C(R1)(R2)-CH2-S-(CH2)n-CH(OH)-CH2 -OH (I), compounds of formula HO-(CH2)p-S-CH2-S-(CH2)q-OH (II), compounds hydrolyzable to tetronic acid derivatives, compounds hydrolyzable to compounds of formula (I), or sulfo-substituted 2-thia-alkyl-benzimidazole compounds.    R1, R2 = H, -OH or alkyl;    n, m = 1-3;    p, q = 2-4.
NOVELTY - Dendritic polymer having branching structure including a repeating unit having a branch portion, and comprising an aromatic amine moiety at the end is new. The repeating unit is formed of a phenylenevinylene moiety, and is repeated once or a number of times.    USE - Useful for making an electronic device element, e.g. charge-transporting device element, a switching transistor element, a light-emitting device element, and a photoelectric conversion device element (all claimed) (particularly switching elements, i.e. organic transistors (organic field effect transistors and organic thin film transistors), solar cells, and organic electroluminescence devices.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive dendritic polymer attains high carrier conduction at remarkably high efficiency, making it useful in devices requiring carrier conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New dendritic polymer having a branching structure including a repeating unit having a branch portion, comprises an aromatic amine moiety at the end. The repeating unit is formed of a phenylenevinylene moiety having a structure of formula (1). The repeating unit is repeated once or a number of times.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electronic device element comprising a dendritic polymer as above.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure schematically shows a cross-sectional of an organic thin film switching transistor.    Substrate (1)    Gate electrode (2)    Gate insulating layer (3)    Source electrode (5)    Organic semiconductor layer (6)
NOVELTY - A reformer (3) comprises a micro reactor in which a flow path is formed for a fluid to flow inside; and a container (2) which accommodates the micro reactor and keeps an atmosphere on a periphery of the micro reactor at pressure lower than external pressure.    USE - For power generation system (1) having fuel cell (claimed) used in small-sized electronic devices, e.g. portable telephones, notebook-sized personal computers, digital cameras, personal digital assistants or electronic diaries.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer can effectively heat a reaction container to promote a reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a reformer comprising depressurizing an atmosphere in a chamber where a micro reactor in which a flow path is formed for a fluid to flow inside, and a container for accommodating the micro reactor are installed. The micro reactor is accommodated in the container in a state where the atmosphere in the container is at the same pressure as the atmosphere in the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic sectional view of a power generation system.    Power generation system (1)    Container (2)    Reformer (3)
NOVELTY - A plasma-based fuel reformer has a first electrode (2), a second electrode (4), an insulator to prevent the formation of a plasma arc between the first and second electrodes, a mechanism for providing a fuel/air mixture to the reaction chamber, and a mechanism for diverting air flow into the chamber to create a vortex-like flow of air in the chamber.    USE - Used as plasma-based fuel reformer for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer provides a simple unit for converting hydrocarbon fuel to a hydrogen-rich gas stream. It does not require a compressor or a sophisticated power supply for stabilization of arc discharge. It has longer a electrode life and with a capability of lower power operation when lower flow rates of hydrogen-rich gas are required.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The plasma-based fuel reformer has a first electrode having inner and outer walls and a longitudinal axis, the inner wall defining the reaction chamber (6); a second electrode axially aligned with the longitudinal axis of the first electrode and positioned in the reaction chamber such that when an electrical voltage is applied to both electrodes a plasma arc forms between them in the chamber; an insulator to prevent the formation of a plasma arc between the first and second electrodes except in the chamber; a mechanism for providing a fuel/air mixture to the chamber; and a mechanism for diverting air flow into the chamber to create a vortex-like flow of air in the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of an illustrative plasma-based fuel reformer.    First electrode (2)    Second electrode (4)    Reaction chamber (6)    Discharge (8)    Exhaust manifold (14)    Air inlet port (20)
NOVELTY - A front shift-reaction device (5) which contacts a flat reformer (1) through its flat face, for receiving reformed gas and a rear shift-reaction device (7) in downstream side of the device (5), are held vertically.    USE - For electric power generating system using fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces cost of the fuel processing system as it has compact structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mutually opposite reformer and a combustor (2) held at specific distance from modifier, and joined with the heat transfer wall of the modifier, are packed with modification and combustion catalysts, respectively. The combustor has a porous heat-resistant dividing wall (2a). The upright primary and secondary stage carbon monoxide removal devices (8,9), are connected sequentially with downstream side of the rear shift-reaction device.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electric power generating system using fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of electric power generating system using fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (1)    combustor (2)    porous dividing wall (2a)    front shift-reaction device (5)    rear shift-reaction device (7)    primary and secondary stage carbon monoxide removal devices (8, 9)
NOVELTY - A heating-gas supply unit (32) having a tank (40) filled with high-pressure hydrogen gas, supplies heating gas to fuel cell stack (12) which receives gaseous oxidizing agent. An energy recovery unit (44) connected to tank, has a turbine which converts the energy of pressurized hydrogen gas, to rotary motion, and a generator (48) connected to the turbine, to generate electric power.    USE - Fuel cell system for use in vehicle, which has energy recovery unit which serves as low-voltage electric power supply unit for air conditioner, control equipment, supercharger of gaseous oxidizing agent, compressor of heating gas, and other devices.    ADVANTAGE - Since the energy of high-pressure hydrogen gas is not wasted, energy efficiency of the fuel cell system is improved. Efficient electric power generation function of the fuel cell system is maintained by using the generated power for driving heating-gas compressor and supercharger of oxidizing agent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system.    fuel cell stack (12)    heating-gas supply unit (32)    tank (40)    energy recovery unit (44)    generator (48)
NOVELTY - A solution (a) (2) containing zinc salt and an aqueous ammonia (b) (3) and/or a solution (c) (4) containing sulfur-containing compound are contacted at least once with a substrate (1) to obtain zinc mixed-crystal compound thin film.    USE - Manufacture of zinc mixed crystal compound used for electronic material, optical material, chalcopyrite structural semiconductor thin film and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The zinc mixed crystal compound thin film is easily and economically manufactured without damaging substrate and using apparatus such as vacuum devices. The manufactured zinc mixed crystal compound thin film has uniform thickness. The excess solute such as unreacted substance is removed by contacting substrate with water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a diagram of apparatus used for soaking substrate in solution in the manufacture of zinc mixed-crystal compound thin film.    Substrate (1)    Solution containing zinc salt (2)    Aqueous ammonia (3)    Solution containing sulfur-containing compound (4)    Water (5)
NOVELTY - Several recesses (4) are formed in a n-type semiconductor substrate (1) to penetrate the insulation overcoat (3) at the substrate surface side. A p-type semiconductor layer (5) is formed at the inner surface of the recess (4) to form a p-n junction in the n-type substrate. A transparent conductive layer (6) formed to cover the surface of substrate, connects the p-type layers at the recesses.    USE - Solar cell e.g. silicon crystal type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enhances output characteristics by increasing conversion efficiency. Reduces manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell.    n-type semiconductor substrate (1)    insulation overcoat (3)    recess (4)    p-type layer (5)    transparent conductive layer (6)    metal layer (7)    reverse side electrode (8)    contact (9)
NOVELTY - The apparatus includes a vacuum chamber in which the target material is placed. The laser radiation is divided into the beam for laser vapor deposition and the beam for surface reforming. The divided beam is passed into the vacuum chamber. The film is formed on the material using the laser vapor deposition beam, and the surface of the film is reformed using the surface reforming beam.    USE - For manufacturing thin-film transistor or thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The surface of the film is effectively reformed using the single laser light source.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows laser vapor deposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An arithmetic unit (11) calculates mass flow rate of carbon content contained in the source gas, based on a mass flow meter which measures flow rate of the source gas. The flow amount of the water vapor to a servo system is regulated based on the calculated mass flow rate of the carbon content.    USE - For controlling operation of hydrogen manufacturing plant to manufacture hydrogen used in fuel cells for electric-power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to optimize steam/carbon ratio in steam-reforming process in a modifier (10), by regulating flow amount of the water vapor based on the mass flow rate of carbon content in the source gas. Improves energy efficiency of the hydrogen manufacturing plant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thermal flow sensor (4) detects the amount of heat change produced corresponding to the mass flow rate of the source gas. The flow rate of the water vapor is regulated based on the mass flow rate of the carbon content in the source gas. The source gas reacts with the water vapor in the hydrogen manufacturing plant to manufacture hydrogen. The hydrogen is supplied to a fuel-cell power generating device (12) to generate electric power.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus; and    (2) hydrogen manufacturing method which involves regulating flow amount of the water vapor based on measured flow rate of carbon content in the source gas. The source gas is selected from the group consisting of isomer of saturated hydrocarbon, substitution product or unsaturated hydrocarbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel-cell electric-power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    source-gas supply line (1)    thermal flow sensor (4)    modifier (10)    arithmetic unit (11)    fuel-cell power generating device (12)
NOVELTY - An ionic resin composition and its cured material contain monomer (A) having salt structure containing anion and cation, and polymerizable functional group, monomer (B) containing polymerizable functional groups copolymerizable with monomer (A), solvent solubility resin and polymerization initiator. The molar ratio (A/B) of monomers (A,B) is 99.5/0.5-80/20. The weight ratio (A+B/C) of monomers (A,B) and resin is 99/1-20/80.    USE - For ion conductive solid electrolyte film, as electrolyte for lithium ion battery, fuel cell and capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition and its cured material have favorable ion conductivity and workability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ionic resin composition and its cured material contain monomer (A) having salt structure containing anion and cation, and polymerizable functional group, monomer (B) containing polymerizable functional groups copolymerizable with monomer (A), solvent solubility resin and polymerization initiator. The molar ratio (A/B) of monomers (A,B) is 99.5/0.5-80/20. The weight ratio (A+B/C) of monomers (A,B) and resin is 99/1-20/80. The cation is chosen from imidazolium ion, pyrazolium cation, benzimidazolium ion, pyridinium ion, indolium ion, carbazolium ion, quinolinium ion, piperidium ion, piperazium ion and 1-30C alkyl ammonium cation. The cation has ring substituted by 1-10C hydrocarbon group. The anion is chosen from boron tetrafluoride, phosphorus hexafluoride, fluoro hydrocarbon chosen from: CnF2n+1CO2, CnF2n+1SO3 (where n is 1-4), (FSO2)2N(CF3SO2)2N, (C2F5SO2)2N, (CF3SO2)3CCF3SO2-N-COCF3, RSO3 or R-SO2-N-SO2CF3 (where R is aliphatic group) and ArSO3 or ArSO2-N-SO2CF3 (where Ar is aromatic group).
NOVELTY - An activated carbon support comprises fibrous activated carbon having 0.1 meq/g or more of fully acidic functional groups. The support has air permeability of more than 200 cm3/cm2.second.    USE - For supporting catalyst (claimed) used for hydrogenation of naphthalene, methyl naphthalene, anthracene, cyclohexane, methyl cyclohexane, dimethyl cyclohexane and dehydrogenation of tetralin, decalin and methyl decalin. Also used for electrode of polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The support has high air permeability, excellent thermal conductivity and diffusibility of reaction raw material in hydrogen gas. Since the amount of fully acidic functional groups is 0.1 meq/g or more, the reaction raw material is uniformly diffused into the catalyst. The reaction efficiency of hydrogenation or dehydrogenation reaction is improved by the catalyst supported on activated carbon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of activated carbon support which involves knitting a fibrous polymer to form fibrous polymer knitted fabric, carbonizing knit fabric to produce fibrous activated carbon knit fabric having air permeability of 200 cm3/cm2.second and 0.1 meq/g or more of fully acidic functional groups;    (2) catalyst supported activated carbon (2) obtained by supporting a catalyst to activated carbon support; and    (3) manufacture of catalyst supporting activated carbon which involves supporting a catalyst to activated carbon support.
NOVELTY - An activated carbon support contains a fibrous activated carbon, and has the top surface with oxygen to carbon ratio of 10% or more when measured by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The support has an air permeability of more than 200 cm3/cm2.second.    USE - For catalyst supported activated carbon (claimed), and electrode of solid polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The activated carbon support has excellent thermal conductivity and hydrogen gas diffusibility, and large specific surface area. The support has improved capability of holding a catalyst and improves the reaction efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of activated carbon support, which involves using a fibrous polymeric knitted fabric obtained by knitting fibrous polymer, and subsequently carbonizing;    (2) catalyst supported activated carbon (2), which has a metal catalyst supported to the activated carbon support; and    (3) manufacture of catalyst supported activated carbon, which involves supporting a metal catalyst to the fibrous activated carbon knitted fabric.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of hydrogen generator.    round bottom flash (1)    catalyst supported activated carbon (2)    electric heater (3)    cooling pipe (4)    cock (5)
NOVELTY - An activated carbon support comprises fibrous activated carbon and surface acidic functional group. The surface acidic functional group contained in the activated carbon support as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis, is 1% or more. The air permeability of the activated carbon support is more than 200 cm3/cm2-seconds.    USE - For manufacture of catalyst supported activated carbon (both claimed), which is used for electrode of polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell, hydrogenation of benzene, toluene, xylene, mesitylene, anthracene, naphthalene, methyl naphthalene, cyclohexane, dimethyl cyclohexane and methyl cyclohexane, and for dehydrogenation of tetralin, decalin, methyl decalin, tetra-deca hydro anthracene, and tetra-deca hydro methyl anthracene.    ADVANTAGE - The activated carbon support has high air permeability, excellent thermal conductivity and hydrogen gas diffusibility. The catalyst supported activated carbon improves the efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of activated carbon support, which involves knitting fibrous polymer to obtain fibrous polymeric knitted fabric, and carbonizing obtained knitted fabric to obtain fibrous activated carbon knitted fabric;    (2) manufacture of catalyst supported activated carbon, which involves supporting a catalyst to the activated carbon support; and    (3) catalyst supported activated carbon, which is obtained by the above method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of hydrogen generator.    round bottom flask (1)    catalyst supported activated carbon (2)    electric heater (3)    cooling pipes (4,7)    cock (5)
NOVELTY - An activated carbon support contains fibrous activated carbon knitted fabric. The air permeability of the support, along thickness direction, is more than 200 cm3/cm2.second.    USE - For supporting catalyst (claimed) used for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction and as support for electrode of polymer solid electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The activated carbon support has improved air permeability, excellent thermal conductivity, and diffusibility of reaction raw material in hydrogenation and dehydrogenation reaction and provides catalyst with improved efficiency of hydrogenation and dehydrogenation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the activated carbon support. A fibrous polymer is subjected to knitting to obtain a fibrous polymeric knitted fabric. The obtained fabric is carbonized to obtain fibrous activated carbon knitted fabric having air permeability of more than 200 cm3/cm2.second;    (2) catalyst supporting activated carbon (2), which is obtained by supporting a catalyst to the activated carbon support; and    (3) manufacture of the catalyst supporting activated carbon, which involves supporting a catalyst to the activated carbon support.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of a hydrogen generator used for generating hydrogen using the catalyst supporting activated carbon.    round bottom flask (1)    catalyst supporting activated carbon (2)    electric heater (3)    cooling pipe (4)    cock (5)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic element has sequential lamination of electron-accepting organic layer (3) and electron-donating organic layer (4). The layer (3) produces internal electric field between transparent electrode (2) and back electrode (5). The layer (4) contains polycarbonate resin having polycarbonate structural unit with nitrogen atom in principal or side chain.    USE - For photoelectric conversion process and photosensor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Photovoltaic element of high conversion efficiency and stability, is manufactured without generation of pin holes. Photosensor having excellent properties is provided using the photovoltaic element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) photoelectric-conversion method involves transforming light energy into electrical energy using photovoltaic element; and    (2) photosensor using the photovoltaic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of cross-section of photovoltaic element.    transparent electrode (2)    electron-accepting organic layer (3)    electron-donating organic layer (4)    back electrode (5)    lead wire (6)
NOVELTY - An electron-withdrawing group substituted N-alkyl indole derivative trimer having specific structure, is new.    USE - For antistatic, antielectricity, capacitor, battery, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shield, chemical sensor, display device, organic electroluminescence material, solar cell, photodiode, phototransistor, nonlinear material, rust preventive agent, adhesive agent, fiber, antistatic coating material, electrodeposition, plating primer, electroconductive primer for electrostatic coating and electrolytic protection.    ADVANTAGE - The novel electron-withdrawing group substituted N-alkyl indole derivative trimer has favorable film-forming property, moldability, cycle property, high oxidation-reduction potential and high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The electron-withdrawing group substituted N-alkyl indole derivative trimer is of formula (1).    R1-R3 = substituent chosen from 1-24C alkyl group;    R4-R15 = substituent chosen from group consisting of H, 1-24C alkyl, 1-24C alkoxy, 2-24C acyl, aldehyde, carboxylic acid, 2-24C carboxylate-ester, sulfonic acid, 1-24C sulfonic acid ester, cyano, hydroxyl, nitro, amino, cyano vinyl or halogen group;    Xa- = dopant;    a = ionic valence of X; and    m = 0-3    At least 1 among R4-R15 is an electron attractive group, and at least 1 type of negative ion is chosen from arbitrary negative ions.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of electron-withdrawing group substituted N-alkyl indole derivative trimer of formula (3).    R21-R23 = 1-24C alkyl group;    R24-R35 = R4; and    Xa-, a and m = same as defined above.
NOVELTY - A specific organic chalcogenide compound is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave to generate chalcogenide element.    USE - Generating chalcogenide element for producing thin films such as fuel cell, microparticle and compound semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - The method generates simple chalcogenide element with high operation safety, without requiring high processing temperature, by using thermally stable low volatile organic chalcogenide compound. The method generates chalcogenide element with low energy consumption and less toxicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic chalcogenide compound is irradiated with an electromagnetic wave to generate chalcogenide element. The organic chalcogenide compound is chosen from compounds of formulae (1-4).    Ar1XR1 (1)    Ar2XR2XAr3 (2)    Ar4X(R3Ar5X)a(Ar6XR4)bR5 (3)    Ar7X(R6XAr8X)cR7 (4)    X = selenium or tellurium;    R1 = (un)substituted hydrocarbon group in the shape of chain, alicyclic hydrocarbon group, condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group;    R2 = alicyclic or aromatic hydrocarbon group;    R3, R4, and R6 = (un)substituted hydrocarbon group in the shape of chain or alicyclic hydrocarbon group;    R5 and R7 = hydrogen atom, (un)substituted hydrocarbon group in the shape of chain, alicyclic hydrocarbon group, condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group or substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group;    Ar1-Ar8 = (un)substituted aromatic hydrocarbon group;    a, b = 0 or more, where both a and b are not equal to 0; and    c = 1 or more.
NOVELTY - The support comprises a compact containing an aluminum compound having a hydroxyl group, and a zeolite. The support is provided as a component for a hydrogen purification catalyst which decreases carbon monoxide content in a gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide and water vapor.    USE - For hydrogen purification catalyst (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The support suppresses generation of methane from gas containing carbon monoxide. The hydrogen purification catalyst which comprising the support purifies hydrogen, and decreases carbon monoxide content significantly. The hydrogen obtained lowers poisoning of the platinum electrode catalyst of a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacture of the support; and    (2) hydrogen purification catalyst comprising the support.
NOVELTY - A resin complex containing thermal decomposition loss property polymer and a carbon-precursor polymer are processed to form a fibrous material. The fibrous formed material is heated and baked to produce a catalyst bearing carbon fiber. The thermal decomposition loss property polymer contains a catalyst substance.    USE - As catalyst for hydrogen storage method (claimed), and for fuel-cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables mass production of hollow type catalyst bearing carbon fiber having large specific surface area, uniform shape and uniform properties, without using a metal catalyst which prevents the purification process. The method controls the number of wall layers of the hollow-like carbon fiber which makes a carbon tube. The catalyst enables high hydrogen storage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrogen storage method using catalyst bearing carbon fiber.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has gel electrolyte (10) containing electrolyte and gelatinizer comprising an iodine, arranged between n-type semiconductor electrode (4) containing pigment, and a counter electrode (5). The gelatinizer is polymer of polysulfone acid cross-linked by a metal ion more than divalent, polycarboxylic acid cross-linked by a metal ion more than divalent and/or their quaternary ammonium salts.    USE - As photosensitization-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photosensitization-type solar cell has improved energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) raw material kit; and    (2) electrolyte composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    n-type semiconductor electrode (4)    counter electrode (5)    gel electrolyte (10)
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer comprises an oxide semiconductor microparticle sensitized with a specified dye.    USE - For solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer provides high conversion efficiency and practicability to solar cell. The solar cell using optoelectric transducer is obtained economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optoelectric transducer comprises an oxide semiconductor microparticle sensitized with a dye of formula (I) which is optionally substituted.    X1-X3 = oxygen, sulfur, selenium, imino, alkylated imino or phenyl substituted imino;    R1-R4 = H, (un)substituted heterocyclic residue, (un)substituted aromatic hydrocarbon residue, or (un)substituted alkyl group; and    Y- = counter ion.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) solar cell using optoelectric transducer; and    (2) oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with dye of formula (I).
NOVELTY - A chemical reactor (32) produces a gas from a continuous flow of aqueous solution of sodium borohydride. A pump (36) controls the flow of the aqueous solution through the chemical reactor, to control production rate of the hydrogen gas.    USE - For generating hydrogen gas used to power fuel cell for power generation, to power motors, lights and electrical appliances, used in internal combustion engine for powering vehicles, and variety of electronic applications.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the efficiency of the gas generation system, by recirculating the sodium borohydride solution effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen gas generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen gas generation system.    gas generation system (30)    chemical reactor (32)    pump (36)
NOVELTY - Invention is method and equipment for preparing granular silicon belt suitable for use as substrate for polysilicon film solar cell. The process includes passing silicon powder spread on quartz plate or graphite plate through preheating area, linear focusing heating area and natural cooling area successively. Linear focusing heating area is optical heating area comprising two halogen tungsten lamp assemblies with optical linear focusing reflector on upper and lower sides separately. In linear focusing heating area silicon powder layer is zone molten and the molten silicon solution flows into gaps between silicon powder grains to form granular silicon belt on cooling. Granular silicon belt has molten crystallized surface with mechanical strength, chemical stability and low cost.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply unit comprises reformer that reforms source gas to generate hydrogen gas, first storage device for storing and supplying the hydrogen gas to first fuel cell used as stationary electric power supply, and second storage device for storing and supplying hydrogen gas to second fuel cell used as mobile electric power supply. The second storage device comprises a compressor for pressuring the hydrogen gas.    USE - The unit is used for supplying hydrogen gas both to fuel cell used as stationary electric power supply and to fuel cell used as mobile electric power supply. It is particularly used to fuel cell supplying electric power to household electric appliances and to fuel cell and to fuel cell installed in automobile including electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The unit can efficiently supply hydrogen gas to fuel cells used as stationary or mobile electric power supply.
NOVELTY - A monolithic photovoltaic solar cell with multiple junctions comprises a first elementary cell (1) with a first junction (2), at least a second elementary cell (3) with a second junction (4) above the first and a diode tunnel (9) between the cells to electrically connect the junctions in series. The first elementary cell is an elementary cell with an AlxGa1-xAs (p)/Ge (n) or AlxGa1-xAs (n)/Ge (p) heterojunction    USE - None given.    ADVANTAGE - The cells with multiple junctions may be given a greater voltage than a single cell. The final voltage is equal to the sum of the voltages from each elementary cell less a small loss in the diode tunnels connecting them in series. The inventive cell provides a power output at a more elevated voltage than conventional multiple junction cells, whilst being relatively easy and economic to produce.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows diagrammatically a tandem solar cell according to the invention.    First elementary cell (1)    First junction (2)    Second elementary cell (3)    Second junction (4)    Substrate (5)    Diode tunnel (9)
NOVELTY - Highly transparent easily adhesive polyester film, comprises an application layer containing inactive particle (0.0001-1 wt.%) having 0.001-5 mum of average particle diameter on one side of polyester film. The film has -2 to +2% of dimensional change rate at 200degreesC under 140 g/mm2 load in the longitudinal direction. The coefficient of friction of both surfaces of film with respect to metal pin is 0.35 or less.    USE - For use as adhesive film for organic electro luminescence elements, electronic paper and for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive film has excellent transparency, surface flatness and slip property. The film is obtained efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Highly transparent easily adhesive polyester film, comprises an application layer containing inactive particle (0.0001-1 wt.%) having 0.001-5 mum of average particle diameter on one side of polyester film. The film has -2 to +2% of dimensional change rate at 200degreesC under 140 g/mm2 load in the longitudinal direction. The coefficient of friction of both surfaces of film with respect to metal pin is 0.35 or less. The application layer contains polyester resin having oxazoline group and polyalkylene oxide chain.
NOVELTY - Adhesive film is formed by irradiating a molding obtained by molding a resin composition containing (A) an epoxy group-containing copolymer and (B) a copolymer obtained by polymerizing (b1) ethylene and/or propylene and (b2) an alpha,beta-unsaturated carboxylic acid anhydride, with an electron beam.    USE - The film is used in the production of laminates used as semiconductor sealing materials, electronic part sealing materials of e.g. solar cells or electroluminescent elements, die-bonding sheets of integrated circuits/substrates, and interlayer insulating materials. The film can be applied as a protective sheet in the production of e.g. solder resists and electronic parts.    ADVANTAGE - The resin component of the adhesive film is not exuded. The film has excellent storage stability and shows no fisheyes. Film processability is excellent. The laminate has excellent solder resistance and adhesivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Copolymer (A) is obtained by polymerizing (a1) ethylene and/or propylene and (a2) a monomer of formula (I):    R = 2-18C aliphatic hydrocarbon group having a carbon-carbon double bond, where at least1 of the H atoms may be substituted by a halogen atom, OH group or a carboxyl group;    X = a single bond or a carbonyl group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) A storage method of the adhesive film by storing the adhesive film at -10degreesC;    (2) A laminate formed by laminating the film and an adherend, and heat curing the adhesive film.
NOVELTY - A proton exchange membrane comprises a sulfonated and phosphonated poly (styrene) material having a covalently bonded tertiary hydrogen replacement group.    USE - Used in electricity generating apparatus (claimed), e.g. proton exchange membrane fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The low cost membrane is chemically and mechanically stable and durable under cell operating conditions, and has high conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A proton exchange membrane comprises a sulfonated and phosphonated poly (styrene) material having a covalently bonded tertiary hydrogen replacement group, and is of formula (I).    Y = covalently bonded group;    R = SO3H and/or PO3H2; and    x = undefined.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) an electricity generating apparatus comprising an anode, cathode, and the above proton exchange membrane; and    (b) a water-insoluble membrane comprising acid-stable polymer molecules each having an ion-conducting polymer segment of formula (IV) covalently bonded to a flexible connecting polymer segment of formula (II or III).    R1-R4 = H or lower alkyls;    R5 = H, CL, or lower alkyls;    R6 = H or Me;    R7 = SO3H and/or PO3H2;    Ar = Ph; and    m, n, p, q = 0, or 50-10000.
NOVELTY - A redox flow battery electrode impregnated with electrolyte and adhered with organic substance is reactivated by cleaning with organic solvent.    USE - For reactivating redox flow battery electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables to reactivate the electrode which improves battery efficiency and reduces the cell resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of principle operation of redox flow battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Cell (100)    Tank for anode (101)    Tank for cathode (102)    Diaphragm (103)    Cathode (104)
NOVELTY - The gas adsorption material has total value of hydrogen bond obtained from metal complex of 0.2 or more, when the total value of coordinate bond, covalent bond, ionic bond and hydrogen bond is set to 1. The adsorption and desorption line related to at least 1 type of gas shows a hysteresis loop.    USE - For gas separation and storage apparatus used in vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The material has excellent gas adsorption property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) pressure swing adsorption system gas separation apparatus;    (2) gas storage apparatus; and    (3) vehicle formed by mounting the gas storage apparatus.
NOVELTY - A water supply path (24) supplies water from a fuel cell (2), to a heating or cooling portion (12) which heats or cools a hydrogen storage unit (11) supplied with hydrogen from a hydrogen supply unit (1). The heating or cooling portion has a wet absorption and dehumidification agent or hydrolyzable agent which absorbs water.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Performs storage and discharge of hydrogen, using a simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen storage unit is heated and cooled when the wet absorption and dehumidification agent absorbs and desorbs water, respectively. The heating or cooling portion has catalyst and hydrolyzable agent having metal hydrogen complex for generating hydrogen by hydrolysis reaction. When the temperature and pressure of the hydrogen storage unit, detected by respective sensors, are below preset values, water supply operation is started. A controller regulates the water supply amount based on the output of the sensors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen supply unit (1)    fuel cell (2)    hydrogen storage container (10)    hydrogen storage unit (11)    heating or cooling portion (12)    water supply path (24)
NOVELTY - A nozzle (4) discharges liquid fuel at the rate of 5 cm/second or more, inside a bottom-sealed casing (1) of a burner. A heater (2) heats and vaporizes the fuel. A mixing chamber mixes fuel vapors with air supplied from inlet (6), and forms air-fuel mixture. A burner disc (7) which closes the upper opening of the mixing chamber, burns the air-fuel mixture, and forms a flame at the upper surface.    USE - For producing heat for utilization by reformer of fuel cell used for electricity generation, which reforms raw material comprising liquid fuel and water, to produce hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Since the fuel is discharged at a preset rate, fuel is discharged stably and continuously into the casing. Hence prevents that the fuel concentration in the air-fuel mixture becomes non-uniform, in low combustion state and in high combustion state. Hence enables stable combustion. Enables forming the flame at the whole surface of the burner, in low/high combustion states.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical flame-holding tube is vertically installed in the casing, at the periphery of the burner disc, above the disc, so as to conduct the heat of the flame, to the casing. The disc is made of cloth or nonwoven fabric comprising metal fibers. The amount of combustion of the fuel per unit area of the burner disc, is 100-2500 KW/m2. A funnel-shaped diffusion tube installed vertically below the disc, diffuses the air-fuel mixture produced in the mixing chamber, to the entire lower surface of the disc.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a burner.    casing (1)    heater (2)    nozzle (4)    inlet (6)    burner disc (7)
NOVELTY - Carbon dioxide-containing waste gas emitted from fuel cell (10) is heated at 1000-1200degreesC, and a shift reaction is carried to convert carbon dioxide into carbon monoxide. The carbon monoxide is cooled, and oxidation-reduction is carried to produce carbon.    USE - The method is useful for separating and fixing carbon dioxide from waste gas ejected from fuel cell, methane gas obtained by anaerobic fermentation, town gas, liquefied petroleum gas and organic waste.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables the fixation of carbon dioxide and remove high purity carbon containing impurity from carbon dioxide-containing waste gas ejected from fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for carbon dioxide immobilization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of carbon dioxide immobilization apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (10)    Temperature-rise device (11)    Shift reaction device (12)    Cooler (13)    Carbon precipitate-separator (14)    Waste gas processing and exhaust heat collection installation (15)
NOVELTY - A composition measurement unit (11a) measures the composition of liquefied petroleum gas supplied to a modification unit (1) from a storage tank (10). A flow controller (12) continuously controls the supply amount of liquefied petroleum gas and water vapor to the modification unit, based on the measured composition.    USE - Used for producing reformed gas used in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell is driven at optimal conditions, even if the composition of the liquefied petroleum gas fluctuates. The composition of the liquefied petroleum gas is accurately measured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification unit has a modification catalyst to perform steam reforming of the liquefied petroleum gas which is supplied by regulating its pressure using a pressure regulator (5), to produce reformed gas. The composition of the liquefied petroleum gas is measured by measuring the pressure and temperature of the liquefied petroleum gas before regulating its pressure. The modification unit has a combustion unit to burn a portion of the liquefied petroleum gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the modifier.    Modification unit (1)    Combustion unit (4)    Pressure regulator (5)    Storage tank (10)    Composition measurement unit (11a)    Flow controller (12)
NOVELTY - A chemical reactor comprises sequentially stacked yttrium, titanium, tungsten and gold thin film layers formed on a thin film heater (40) corresponding to the formation range of a reaction flow path (20). The yttrium thin film layer exposed to a range other than the pattern range of a wiring electrode (50) is subjected to thermal oxidation to form an insulating protecting coat (60).    USE - Used as a chemical reactor for fuel cell systems (claimed) and also used in semiconductor device manufacture or micro-machine manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Since an insulating layer formed specifically is provided, deterioration of the pattern precision of a wiring electrode or electrical property quality of a thin film heater in prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a fuel cell system; and    (2) chemical reactor manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the cell reactor.    reaction flow path (20)    substrate (30)    thin film heater (40)    wiring electrode (50)    protecting coat (60)
NOVELTY - A controller (5) controls the power supply to each hydrogen sensor (31), supplied from a reference-voltage generator circuit (44), based on the variation in electrical resistance value of the hydrogen sensor and a temperature compensation element (32).    USE - For fuel-cell vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables detecting the gas in the hydrogen sensor, precisely. Reduces power consumption of hydrogen sensor.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) fuel-cell vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the functional block diagram of the hydrogen sensor control apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen sensor power supply controller (5)    Hydrogen sensor (31)    Temperature compensation element (32)    Electric power unit (43)    Reference-voltage generator circuit (44)
NOVELTY - A mechanism supplies semiconductor melt solution to capillary portion with strip-shaped slit of a crucible (1). A support substrate (5) having curved surface, is moved in direction orthogonal to strip-shaped slit such that it contacts with supplied semiconductor melt solution.    USE - For manufacturing crystal sheet used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Semiconductor crystal sheet having high crystallinity is manufactured effectively at high speed, while restraining influence of fluctuations on melt solution surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) crystal sheet manufacturing method; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows structure and sectional view of the silicon crystal sheet manufacturing apparatus.    crucible (1)    sub crucible (2)    capillary portion (3)    support substrate (5)    heater (6)
NOVELTY - Pigment sensitizing-type solar cell comprises photoelectrode having semiconductor electrode (SCE) with light-receiving surface and transparent electrode arranged adjacent to light-receiving surface of SCE, and a counter electrode (CE). The SCE and CE are arranged opposite to each other through electrolyte containing sensitizing dye. The sensitizing dye comprises saccharin, saccharin salt or saccharin derivative.    USE - As solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The pigment sensitizing-type solar cell has high photoelectric conversion efficiency and prevents reduction of opening voltage and generation of dark current.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Pigment sensitizing-type solar cell comprises a photoelectrode (10) having semiconductor electrode (2) with a light-receiving surface and a transparent electrode (1) arranged adjacent to the light-receiving surface of the semiconductor electrode, and a counter electrode. The semiconductor electrode and counter electrode are arranged opposite to each other through an electrolyte, which comprises a sensitizing dye. The sensitizing dye comprises saccharin, saccharin salt, saccharin derivative or a derivative of saccharin salt.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the basic composition of pigment sensitizing-type solar cell.    Transparent electrode (1)    Semiconductor electrode (2)    Transparent electrically conductive film (3)    Transparent board (4)    Photoelectrode (10)
NOVELTY - A transparent electroconductive film consists of a metal oxide. The conductive film has a specific resistance of 1 x 10 to the power of -1 OMEGA.cm or less. The peak intensity ratio (hydrogen/metal) of hydrogen ion and the metallic element ion derived from the metal of a main metal oxide, at the time of measuring by dynamic secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), is 2-20.    USE - Articles such as touch panels, liquid crystal device, organic electroluminescent device, plasma display panel, electronic paper (all claimed) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electroconductive film has improved permeability, patterning property and workability It can be obtained by a safe process with high productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) formation of transparent electroconductive film involves introducing a mixed gas containing inert gas and reactive gas to the discharge space between electrodes, setting as a plasma state under atmospheric pressure or at atmospheric pressure vicinity, bleaching of reactive gas on a base material, and forming transparent electroconductive film; and    (2) articles which have transparent electroconductive film formed on the base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of plasma discharge processing apparatus used for formation of transparent electroconductive film.    Electric power unit (41)    Gas generating plant (51)    Air supply opening (52)    Exhaust port (53)    Electrode refrigeration unit (60)    Former winding base material (61)
NOVELTY - The resin composition contains an electroconductive substance having an electroconductive layer formed on surface of organic substance and/or inorganic substance, and polymer A. The absolute value (deltan) of difference of organic and/or inorganic substance refractive index (nS) and polymer A refractive index (nPA) is less than 0.2.    USE - Electrically conducting material, antistatic material, electromagnetic wave shielding material, touch panel, solar cell and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition provides molded products with excellent electroconductivity and transparency.
NOVELTY - A bundle-like carbon nanotube comprising carbon nanotubes, is irradiated with an ultrasonic wave in a solution of a conjugated system polymer.    USE - For processing bundle-like carbon nanotube used for polymer composites, semiconductor raw materials, transistors, solar cells, sensor materials, electrode materials, antielectrostatic materials, conductive paints, and heat sinks.    ADVANTAGE - The processing method peels and removes each carbon nanotube from the bundle structure, which enables utilization of carbon nanotube as a simple substance. The polymer is dispersed favorably. The processing method enables production of semiconductor raw material and polymer composite having outstanding properties.
NOVELTY - Reverse side protection for solar cells comprises a fluorine resin sheet having a thickness of 30 microns or less.    USE - Used for solar cells and solar cell modules.    ADVANTAGE - The reverse side protection sheet has good thermal stability and dimensional stability at the time of module processing. The solar cell is manufactured with high dimensional stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell and a solar cell module obtained using the reverse side protection sheet.
NOVELTY - A board (1) has insulation substance (3) provided between the electrode layer of grain-shaped electroconductive semiconductor crystals (2) and reverse electroconductive crystals semiconductor layer (4) with respect to crystals and a transparent conductive layer (5). An extraction electrode (9) is soldered to upper electrodes having electroconductive resin powder formed on transparent conductive layer.    USE - Generating solar power using grain-shaped semiconductor crystals.    ADVANTAGE - An inexpensive photoelectric conversion apparatus of high reliability and high electrode bonding is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Board (1)    Grain-shaped semiconductor crystals (2)    Insulation substance (3)    Reverse electroconductive type semiconductor layer (4)    Transparent conductive layer (5)    Upper electrodes (7, 8)    Extraction electrode (9)
NOVELTY - The oxygen-permeating structure (1) comprises a porous substrate (2) having sequentially laminated with buffer layer containing cerium oxide (3) and an oxygen permeating thin film (4).    USE - As modifier of fuel cells for moving bodies with high speed starting property.    ADVANTAGE - The oxygen-permeating structure has high thermal shock resistance, oxygen permeability, flux density, high strength, compatibility, mechanical strength and crack-resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for preparing of oxygen-permeating structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows model sectional drawing of oxygen-permeating structure.    oxygen-permeating structure (1)    porous substrate (2)    cerium oxide (3)    oxygen-permeating thin membrane (4)
NOVELTY - The panel includes base material (1), resin sheets (2, 4) and photovoltaic cell (3), to which portions of a heat collecting element (5) other than heat carrier routes is laminated by carrying out welding of resin sheets at higher welding temperature.    USE - Composite solar heat collection panel.    ADVANTAGE - The heat collecting effect is improved by preventing deformation of heat carrier routes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of composite solar heat collection panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view explaining the lamination process in composite solar heat collection panel.    Base material (1)    Resin sheets (2, 4)    Photovoltaic cell (3)    Heat collecting unit (5)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply system comprises a hydrogen supply station (9), and a mobile hydrogen production system.    USE - The invention is used for, e.g. fuel cell powered automobile, and for distributed fuel cell equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention does not require large installation space, and does not require high technology in maintenance and operation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen supply station and a hydrogen production vehicle.    Hydrogen production unit (2)    Membrane reformer (3)    Hydrogen compressor (4)    Hydrogen tank (5)    Carbon dioxide solvent tank (6)    Material tank (7)    Hydrogen supply station (9)    Boiler (20)
NOVELTY - Process for operating a device for producing hydrogen involves adding water to a heat exchanger (2) via a regulating valve (4) connected to a regulating unit (5). The regulating unit operates the valve depending on the reformer product temperature determined by a temperature sensor (6) between the heat exchanger and a catalyst stage (3) and under the influence of the S/C ratio.    USE - For fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The novel process uses a simple regulating mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a device for operating a device for producing hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the above device for producing hydrogen.    heat exchanger (2)    catalyst stage (3)    regulating valve (4)    regulating unit (5)    temperature sensor (6)
NOVELTY - Catalyst comprises a multilayered catalyst composition (2) applied onto a support body (1) and consisting of a lower catalyst layer (3) directly lying on the support body and an upper catalyst layer (4) lying on the lower catalyst layer. The lower catalyst layer catalyzes preferably partial oxidation and the upper catalyst layer preferably steam reforming.    USE - Used in the autothermal steam reforming of hydrocarbons in reformers for fuel cell systems (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst and process are suitable for use in the on-board production of hydrogen for mobile fuel cell systems and also for use in compact reformers for stationary fuel cell systems.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) process for autothermal catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons; and    (2) reformer containing the above catalyst for catalytic steam reforming of hydrocarbons to produce hydrogen for fuel cell systems.    Preferred Features: The lower catalyst layer contains 0.1-5 wt.% platinum and the upper catalyst layer contains 0.1-5 wt.% rhodium, referred to their total weight.    The catalyst layers contain precious metals, rare earth metals, and base metals of the subgroups as further catalytically active components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a possible construction of the catalyst.    support body (1)    catalyst composition (2)    lower catalyst layer (3)    upper catalyst layer (4)
NOVELTY - Preparation of catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, comprises forming an impregnated support material; drying the impregnated support material; and forming the catalyst by dispersing a precious metal or a mixture of precious metals on the impregnated support material.    USE - For preparing a catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, useful for operating a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process increases both the conversion rate and selectivity of a catalyst for preferential oxidation purposes to annihilate the carbon monoxide content in the feed for a fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of catalyst for preferential oxidation to remove carbon monoxide from a hydrogen-rich gas stream, comprises forming an impregnated support material by impregnating a metal oxide or a mixture of metal oxides with a soluble earth metal compound or with a soluble mixture of rare earth metal compounds; drying the impregnated support material; and forming the catalyst by dispersing a precious metal or a mixture of precious metals on the impregnated support material.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell has a catalytic laminated body with a micro-structure of pores or channels formed by an etching process. The pores or channels are essentially at right angles to the laminated components.    USE - Used as a fuel cell recombination catalytic converter.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic unit combines simple and low-cost manufacture with compact dimensions, maximum reactive surface area and minimum gas flow resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst structure is manufactured of silicon or silicon-crystal mixtures. The channel or pore dimensions vary. The channel or pore surfaces are coated with a metal catalyst which is also an electrical conductor.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for similar techniques to those used in the manufacture of semiconductors. In the process the channels or pores are created by anode, photo-anode or plasma etching of silicon panels which are subsequently assembled into stacks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view through a single silicon wafer.    Silicon wafer (1)    passage or pore (2)
NOVELTY - Etching medium contains 8.5-9.5 weight % ammonium hydrogen chloride as etching component, optionally 24-26 weight % of an inorganic and/or organic acid selected from carboxylic acids e.g. formic acid, acetic acid, dichloroacetic acid, lactic acid and oxalic acid, 52-57 weight % of a solvent selected from water, ether e.g. ethyleneglycol monobutylether, triethyleneglycol monobutylether, esters of carboxylic acid such as propylene carbonate, ketones e.g. 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, 10.5-11.5 weight % cellulose derivatives and/or polymers such as PVP as thickening agents, and optionally 0-0.5 weight % additives e.g. defoamer, thixotropic agent, flow-control agent, aerating agent or adhesion promoter.    USE - For etching amorphous, crystalline or partially crystalline surfaces of titanium oxides to improve the adhesion of glass, ceramics and other titanium oxide-based systems used in e.g. solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The etching medium is easily manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for etching amorphous, crystalline or partially crystalline surfaces of titanium oxides.
NOVELTY - Removing a sulfur-deficient fuel fraction from fuel on board a vehicle comprises using thermal distillation.    USE - Used in a gas generating unit of a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Sulfur components in the fuel can be effectively removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a device for carrying out the process;    (2) a ship or airplane containing the device; and    (3) a stationary current supply unit containing the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.    fuel cell system (1)    gas generating unit (2)    fuel tank (4)    conveying pump (5)    heat exchanger (7)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen gas generation comprises decomposing a metal hydride in a mixed system of a metal hydride, water, and another liquid whose pH is less than the aqueous solution of the metal hydride.    USE - Used to produce hydrogen for use in energy conversion systems for use as a power source in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of hydrogen generation evening the absence of a catalyst, is enhanced, and reliability on repeated and long term use is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The metal hydride is Az(1-x)Bzx(BHy) (I).    A and B = different atoms selected from Group 1A, Group 2A and 2B;    y = between 3 and 6;    x = 0-1;    z = between 0-3.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) A hydrogen manufacture device having a first part which stores an aqueous solution of the metal hydride, a second storage part which stores the liquid whose pH is smaller than the metal hydride aqueous solution, and a reaction part which produces hydrogen gas by mixing the solution and the liquid;    (2) An energy conversion system composed by the hydrogen manufacture device and an energy conversion system where the hydrogen produced is converted to electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a hydrogen gas generation device. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Hydrogen manufacture device (1)    First storage part (2)    Second storage part (3)    Reaction section (4)    Alkali aqueous solution (5)    Acidic aqueous solution (5')    Outer container (6)    Material (7)    Material (7')    Regulator (8)    Pressure sensor (9)    Control section (10)    Safety valve (11)    Safety valve (11')    Waste liquid storage section (12)    Non-return valve (13)    Fuel cell (14)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell power plant includes a shift catalyst of an active metal and a fuel processing system (FPS) having a guard bed for protecting active metal shift catalyst of a reactor. The guard bed is positioned upstream of the active metal catalyst of the reactor and has a guard material for adsorbing sulfur from a fuel stream.    USE - For producing electricity from hydrocarbon fuel source.    ADVANTAGE - The improved FPS of the plant provides effectively and economically removes or reduces low, objectionable levels of sulfur from the hydrocarbon fuel process stream for a fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell power plant comprises a fuel cell stack assembly (CSA) having an anode, and an FPS for converting a hydrocarbon feedstock fuel to a hydrogen-rich fuel stream for the anode. The FPS has shift reactor(s) with a shift catalyst for converting carbon monoxide in the fuel stream to carbon dioxide and increasing the yield of hydrogen. The shift catalyst comprises an active metal. The FPS has a guard bed for protecting the active metal shift catalyst and a guard material for adsorbing sulfur from the fuel stream.
NOVELTY - The assembly has unit cells (20), each with an anode (30), an electrolyte (40), a cathode (50), and a current collector. Electrical interconnection units (60) are connected respectively to each anode and cathode of unit cells. Each interconnection unit is mechanically supported by one of the electrical interconnection units such that an edge of each unit cell is free to move relative to electrical interconnection units.    USE - Used in laptop computer, personal digital assistant, digital video camera and cellular phone.    ADVANTAGE - Each interconnection unit is mechanically supported by one of the electrical interconnection units such that an edge of each unit cell is free to move relative to electrical interconnection units, thereby preventing thermally-induced mechanical stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method to fabricate a fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of fuel-cell assembly.    Unit cells (20)    Anode (30)    Electrolyte (40)    Cathode (50)    Electrical interconnection units (60)
NOVELTY - The cell has a substrate with a top surface, a bottom surface, and an opening (60), where the opening extends from the bottom surface. A micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) structure aligned with the opening includes a portion placed on the substrate top surface and another portion extending over a part of opening. The structure comprises an electrolyte (40) in contact with an anode (20) and a cathode (30).    USE - Used in a laptop computer, personal digital assistant, digital video camera and cellular phone.    ADVANTAGE - The micro-electro-mechanical system structure is aligned with the opening of substrate for limiting heat conducting paths, and hence reduces mechanical stress.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method to fabricate a MEMS fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top plan view of a fuel cell.    Anode (20)    Cathode (30)    Electrolyte (40)    Substrate (50)    Opening (60)    Opening portion (65)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell comprises: (a) an integral heater element (50) embedded within and disposed in thermal contact with at least one of electrolyte (40), anode (20) and cathode (30); and (b) terminals electrically coupled to the integral heater element for providing heating current to heat the electrolyte to a desired temperature before and during operation of the fuel cell.    USE - The fuel cell is useful in electronic device (claimed) e.g. laptop computer, personal digital assistant, portable digital and video camera, portable music player, portable electronic games and cellular phone or other wireless device. It can be a solid oxide fuel cell or other fuel cell operating at greater than 800degreesC.    ADVANTAGE - The provision of integral heater element improves fuel cell efficiency. The integral heater element is arranged for accurate localized temperature sensing within fuel cells, current collection and rapid automatic temperature control of fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fabrication of a fuel cell by:    (a) forming a fuel cell structure on a substrate (70) by depositing an electrolyte on the substrate;    (b) depositing and patterning a thin film to form an integral heater element;    (c) optionally depositing an electrolyte over the integral heater element;    (d) depositing and patterning an anode on the electrolyte; and    (e) depositing and patterning a cathode on the electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-section side elevation of the fuel cell.    Anode (20)    Cathode (30)    Electrolyte (40)    Integral heater element (50)    Insulator (55)    Substrate (70)
NOVELTY - A Stirling engine is driven to condense sunlight and to obtain heat energy. The heat energy decomposes water by driving a generator to produce electricity. Subsequently, hydrogen is produced using the acquired electricity.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogen used for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is manufactured efficiently using solar energy. Pure hydrogen, free from impurities such as carbon monoxide, is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell utilizing the hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Hydrogen membrane separator (16) is provided with perforated pipes (16a) arranged adjacently and compactly so that the flow of reformed gas around it serves as turbulent flow. The separator separates the hydrogen from the reformed gas.    USE - Manufacturing hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - Provides easy packing and extracting of catalyst used for hydrogen manufacturing. Raises the gas flow rate of hydrogen separation unit while preventing damage of the expensive hydrogen separation unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (12)    blower (13a)    transformer (14)    hydrogen separator (16)    pipe (16a)
NOVELTY - The catalyst has combination of particle (3) having diameter of nanometer order and nanotube (2) having diameter of nanometer order, on a base material (1). The catalyst has catalyst function.    USE - As catalyst component for emission gas purification, environmental purification and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has improved utilization efficiency while completely expressing catalytic function.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of the catalyst.    base material (1)    nanotube (2)    particle (3)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell consists of oxygen, hydrogen and water. When outer air temperature is very low, then the frozen water is melted by supplying electric current from a small generator mounted on the fuel cell, through a metal plate. The generator uses alcohol or benzene, as fuel.    USE - For vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents stoppage operation of fuel cell due to freezing of water, as water is melted using electric current supplied from small generator.
NOVELTY - A liquid holding element distributed along the outer surface of a hollow cylinder is supplied with hydrocarbon gas of original fuel which flows in contact with the aperture of liquid holding element between hollow cylinder and outer cylinder (3).    USE - Used as a reformation steam generator of fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - Stable generation of reformed gas with uniform composition is obtained as pulsation due to partial obstruction of non-evaporated water is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The liquid holding element comprises a strip-shaped metal plate which is wound with foam metal (4).The combustion exhaust gas emitted from the burner of a modifier is the heating medium that flows along the inner face of the hollow cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the longitudinal cross-sectional view of the reformation steam generator.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    Inner cylinder (1)    Outer cylinder (2)    Intermediate tube (3)    Foam metal (4)    Original supply port (9)
NOVELTY - The BCC solid solution type alloy has a coating layer, which has a material capable of hydrogen molecule dissociation, at surface.    USE - For hydrogen storage material, hydrogen absorbent material for heat transformation, hydrogen supply material for fuel cells, nickel hydrogen battery cathode material, hydrogen purification material and hydrogen absorbent material for hydrogen gas actuators.    ADVANTAGE - The BCC solid solution type alloy has excellent capability to dissociate hydrogen molecules.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The material having hydrogen molecule dissociation is palladium and/or a compound of formula given by: ANi5-xBx, where B is aluminum, boron, cobalt, chromium, copper, iron, manganese, silicon, titanium, and/or zinc, A is lanthanum, and x is 0-1.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of BCC solid solution type alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the amount of effective hydrogen transfer and hydrogenation reaction rate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A reaction container (20) provided with metal, receives water from a water storage tank (10). The metal in the container reacts with the water to produce hydrogen. A return pipe (22) between the container and tank, supplies hydrogen and unreacted water from container to tank. A discharge pipe (14) in the tank, ejects the water and hydrogen.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is efficiently produced without producing carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A heater (21) and a vaporizer are arranged to heat the reaction container and evaporate the water supplied to the container, respectively. The oxidized metal in the container is restored by supplying restoration gas to the container from a supply pipe (23). A heat exchanger exchanges heat between the supply pipe and the return pipe.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen generator.    tank (10)    discharge pipe (14)    temperature control unit (15)    reaction container (20)    heater (21)    return pipe (22)    supply pipe (23)
NOVELTY - The gas is passed to a cathode and sodium compound is supplied to anode in a carbon dioxide removal unit (2), if electrolyte with sodium ionic conductor is used. Lithium compound is supplied to the anode, if electrolyte with lithium ionic conductor is used. A controller controls the dilution of the gas output from the carbon dioxide removal unit, with air, based on detected carbon dioxide level.    USE - For treating gas including carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, methane gas, nitrous oxide, perfluoro carbon and sulfur hexafluoride ejected from fuel cell-installation, boiler installation, foodstuff processing plant and sewage treatment plant.    ADVANTAGE - Controls the carbon dioxide level supplied to the phototroph appropriately and simply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas treatment method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the gas treatment apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text).    carbon dioxide removal unit (2)    carbon dioxide storage unit (3)    dilution unit (4)    phototroph (5)    carbon dioxide level sensor (52)    temperature sensor (53)
NOVELTY - Several injectors (37) are arranged in a lower portion of an inner tank (5), to spray water in a cooling space (6) which is formed between the inner and outer tanks (5,7) for cooling the magnesium (Mg)-type occlusion alloy. The boiling point of water is lower than that of the hydrogen occlusion alloy.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to fuel cell in vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen occlusion alloy is cooled efficiently and the hydrogen-filling factor is improved, by circulating water. Enables to shorten hydrogen injection time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The inner tank of the hydrogen storage tank (1) has magnesium (Mg)-type alloy that generates heat by occluding hydrogen. The water is injected for cooling the magnesium (Mg)-type occlusion alloy, when the inner tank temperature reaches the hydrogen-occlusion material temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the hydrogen storage tank (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage tank (1)    inner tank (5)    space (6)    outer tank (7)    injectors (37)
NOVELTY - Silicon- (Si) and carbon- (C) containing gas and a non-Si and non-C type gas are heated by a heat catalyst portion (103) in a hollow antenna electrode (106a) connected to a high-frequency electric power unit (107). The gas are mixed, decomposed and activated by plasma generated with the electrode, for forming a film on a substrate (109) facing the electrode.    USE - Used for forming thin hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline silicon carbide films, hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline silicon nitride film, amorphous and crystalline silicon oxide film, hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline silicon germanium films, hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline silicon and carbon film, and pin-pin or nip-nip structure semiconductor film on substrate e.g. board, film and glass substrate for manufacture of thin-film semiconductor device e.g. photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. thin-film silicon solar cell, tandem type solar cell, photodiode, image sensor and X-ray panel, photoconductive drum and display apparatus e.g. X-ray panel.    ADVANTAGE - Due to use of high-frequency electric power unit, the decomposition and activation rate of the gas are increased. Hence superior quality hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline films can be formed at high speed. Hence manufacture cost is reduced and the homogeneous and uniform thickness film is formed over large area efficiently. The devices using the film are highly efficient and inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a semiconductor device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the cat-plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus (PECVD). (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat catalyst portion (103)    antenna electrode (106a)    high-frequency electric power unit (107)    substrate (109)    chamber (113)    hollow portion (114a)
NOVELTY - A gas mixture containing silicon and carbon, is introduced into the hollow spaces (114a) of an antenna electrode (106a), through a gas inlet (102). The introduced gas is activated by the plasma generated by a high frequency electric power unit (107a) connected to the antenna electrode, so that a thin silicon film is formed on a substrate (109) placed opposite to the antenna electrode.    USE - For forming thin silicon film (claimed) e.g. hydrogenation amorphous and crystalline silicon films used in thin device (claimed) such as photoelectric conversion device e.g. solar cell, photoreceptor, display device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the gas mixture is introduced into the hollow spaces of the antenna electrode, high quality thin silicon film having uniform thickness is formed on the substrate at high speed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) thin silicon film; and    (2) thin film device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the catalytic plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (Cat-PECVD) apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    gas inlet (102)    antenna electrode (106a)    high frequency electric power unit (107a)    substrate (109)    hollow space (114a)
NOVELTY - Secondary conductive type impurity is doped on light receiving surface side of primary conductive type silicon substrate. Plasma processing is performed using gas which contains oxygen, on the light receiving surface side of silicon substrate. A coating material containing oxide film material is applied, dried and baked, and an oxide film is formed. Thus, a solar cell is manufactured.    USE - For manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method provides solar cell having reflection prevention effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline perspective view of manufacture of solar cell.    primary conductive type silicon substrates (112)    oxide film material (114)    oxide film (115)    patterned oxide film (116)    electrode (117)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (1) includes a contact piece (2) formed using a film (6) folded in zig-zag shape. The catalyst electrode is provided in each folded section base. The diffusion layer (16,18) and the electrolyte composite (4) consisting of electrolyte layer (12) are interposed at the opposing folded surfaces of the film, respectively.    USE - Power supply for pocket devices in which prolonged continuous duty is required such as a mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - The size of fuel cell is reduced and the power output is large. The fuel cell is easily manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded perspective of the fuel cell.    Fuel cell (1)    Contact piece (2)    Electrolyte composite (4)    Film (6)    Electrolyte layer (12)    Diffusion layer (16,18)
NOVELTY - A distillation drum (32) condenses oil vapor formed in a pyrolysis unit (31) that thermally decomposes waste plastics in a waste plastics processing device (B). A buffer tank (35) stores the light gas ejected from the distillation drum, and passes it to a modifier (2) and heating burner (37) of a fuel cell power generating device (A) through two feed lines (42, 43). A flow control valve is provided in each feed line.    USE - Used for the thermal decomposition of waste plastics and the generation of electric power using fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The operation efficiency of the system is improved, since the fluff of oil vapor generated in the distillation drum while performing heating oil formation process is used for the fuel cell power generation device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the waste plastics processing and fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell power generating device (A)    waste plastics processing device (B)    modifier (2)    pyrolysis unit (31)    distillation drum (32)    buffer tank (35)    heating burner (37)    feed lines (42, 43)
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer has polymeric built-up films (I,II) (3,4) respectively containing copolymers (I,II) having a number average molecular weight of 1000-100000. Copolymer (I) has structural units (1,2) at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.95, with respect to structural unit (1). Copolymer (II) has structural units (3,4) at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.95, with respect to structural unit (3).    USE - As photoelectric cell.    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer has a film structure of high-order molecular orientation. A photovoltaic function and an electric-conduction function can be introduced to the desired place. A stable film without a defect can be obtained with favorable smoothness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optoelectric transducer has polymeric built-up films (I,II) respectively containing copolymers (I,II) having a number average molecular weight of 1000-100000. Copolymer (I) has structural units of formulae (1,2) at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.95, with respect to structural unit of formula (1). Copolymer (II) has structural units of formulae (3,4) at a molar ratio of 0.1-0.95, with respect to structural unit of formula (3).    R1, R3, R7, R9 = H or methyl;    R2, R8 = 5-14C hydrocarbon;    R5, R6, R10-R15 = H, 1-5C alkyl, or 1-5C alkoxy;    Q = single bond, ester bond, amide bond, thioester bond, or carbonyl; and    p, q = 0-5.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of an optoelectric transducer.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent conducting film (2)    Polymeric built-up films (3,4)    Semiconductor microparticle layer (5)
NOVELTY - The substrate has an inclined portion (107) curved in a direction opposite to the deposition film mounting surface at its bottom. A resin layer material (202) is applied on the substrate having deposition film(s) and dried to form a resin layer (108).    USE - For forming resin layer on substrate of photovoltaic cell e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The resin layer formation method is simple and economical. The method provides resin layer with increased average film thickness on substrate. When the average film thickness decreases, the amount of resin used also decreases. The method prevents the increase of internal stress of resin layer and peeling of resin layer and substrate by air temperature change. The deposition film layer(s) on substrate provides photoelectric converting layer with favorable electrical property even in severe environment. Solar cell having excellent reliability, weather resistance and durability is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the resin layer forming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    inclined portion (107)    resin layer (108)    bathtub (201)    resin layer material (202)    clamp (203)
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive film comprises a base material (3) provided with a crack layer (2) formed in the shape of a mesh. The crack layer has cracks having a groove width of 10 microns or less, filled with an electroconductive substance (1). The electrically conductive film has a visible light transmittance of 30% or more.    USE - Used for light permeable electrodes of display devices, window material, packaging material, transparent electromagnetic wave interruption films and transparent electrodes for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The electrically conductive film is manufactured without using mask or version. The film has favorable electroconductivity and visible light transparency. The manufacture of electrically conductive film is simple and economical. As the mesh-like current carrying portion is fine, the film has favorable visibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of the electrically conductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of electrically conductive film.    electroconductive substance (1)    crack layer (2)    base material (3)
NOVELTY - A reflection prevention layer is applied on a continuously transferred base film. The reflectance of wavelength more than set visible wavelength, in the applied layer, is measured by a measuring device (15). The standard reflectance of the set wavelength is calculated as contrast, and result is fed back to coating-film thickness control system (17), to control application conditions of reflection prevention layer.    USE - For manufacturing reflection prevention film used in solar cell, liquid-crystal image display device, various display unit, organic electroluminescent display, cathode ray tube (CRT) and plasma display panel (PDP).    ADVANTAGE - The reflection prevention film with high uniform reflectivity is manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Three reflection prevention layers having low, high and intermediate refractive index, are applied on a base film, such that reflection spectrum of the upper most film is measured by an on-line reflectance measuring device. The set visible wavelength region of the layer, lies within 380-550 nm and 600-800 nm. A color difference or tristimulus values are calculated from the measured reflectance values. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for reflection prevention film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of the reflection film manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    coating device (10)    drying apparatus (12)    probe (14)    online reflectance measuring apparatus (15)    coating film thickness control system (17)
NOVELTY - A tape (15) that forms an adhesive layer at a polyolefin resin base material, is temporarily fixed on the solar cell (14), so that the ethylene-vinyl acetate co-polymer (EVA) sealing resin film (13B) at back cover layer (12) is bonded to EVA sealing resin film (13A) on transparent protection layer (11).    USE - Solar cell module using tape for temporary fixation, used for electricity generation applications.    ADVANTAGE - The bubble formation during tape fixation and yellowing deterioration is eliminated. Thus, high quality solar cell module is obtained with high temperature durability and secular durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tape used for temporary fixation is of acrylic-type adhesive layer or silicon type adhesive layer. The adhesive layer has thickness within 1x102- 1x105 nm while the thickness of polyolefin resin base material is 10-1000 mum. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for tape used for temporary fixation    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view illustrating solar cell manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    transparent protection layer (11)    back cover layer (12)    sealing resin films (13A,13B)    tape (15)
NOVELTY - Cartridges (30, 31) containing a water-absorbing polymer material (28, 29), are connected to the anode chamber (15) and cathode chamber (16) of a fuel cell case (10) respectively.    USE - Used for personal computers (PC) or personal digital assistants (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell solves the problem regarding waste water, improving favorable power generation stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell case (10)    Fuel cell (14)    Anode chamber (15)    Cathode chamber (16)    Water-absorbing-polymer material (28, 29)    Cartridges (30, 31)
NOVELTY - A fuel storage container (1) with a ventilating holes (7) in the wall, contains a number of cells having an electrolyte film, an anode and cathode, respectively. The cells are electrically coupled using a sulfonated polymer obtained by sulfonating a polyether sulfone with the films.    USE - Used for a portable electronic device, e.g. a notebook personal computer, audio and visual apparatus or an information terminal.    ADVANTAGE - A fuel cell power generating device with improved methanol interruption property is achieved by using a sulfonated polymer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell.    fuel storage container (1)    fuel cell mounting portion (2)    interconnector (4)    fuel sucking material (5)    ventilation hole (7)
NOVELTY - pi-conjugated polymer self supporting film (1) is stable and insoluble in air.    USE - Laminate component and solar cell (both claimed) such as 3-terminal structural tandem-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - pi-conjugated polymer self supporting film has excellent flat surface, and has high utility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of pi-conjugated polymer self supporting film;    (2) solar cell; and    (3) laminate component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-section of the solar cell.    pi-Conjugated polymer self supporting film (1)    Electrically insulating transparent substrate (2)    Electronic current collection electrode (3)    Semiconductor layer (4)    Photosensitization electrode (5)
NOVELTY - Photovoltaic device has sequentially stacked n-type semiconductor layer (1), mono crystalline/multi crystalline semiconductor layer (2) and p-type semiconductor layer (3). p-type, n-type and crystalline layers are made of material e.g. silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide. The thickness of p-type and crystalline layers range between 3-100 nm and 1-15 nm, respectively.    USE - Photovoltaic device such as photodiode, photoresistor, and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Highly efficient and low cost photovoltaic device, is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for photovoltaic device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a photovoltaic device.    n-type semiconductor layer (1)    Mono crystalline/multi crystalline semiconductor layer (2)    p-type semiconductor layer (3)
NOVELTY - A coated wire for collector electrode (100), comprises a metal wire (101) with a coating layer (102) comprising conductive adhesive. The coating layer is formed of at least two layers. The coated wire is bonded via the coating layer to a photovoltaic element, and prevents metal ions of the metal wire from migrating to a surface of the coated wire.    USE - For collector electrode of photovoltaic device (claimed) used in solar cell or photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The coated wire provides a collector electrode that has excellent storability, adhesiveness, and resistance to leak due to humidity. A photovoltaic element having high initial characteristic and long term reliability is also provided. This photovoltaic element can avoid short circuit between upper electrode and lower electrode, avoid penetration of the paint solvent to the electrode covered by the conductive adhesive, and can prevent the increase of resistance in series.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a photovoltaic element comprising a semiconductor layer having at least one pin junction or pn junction, and collector electrode provided at a light incident side of semiconductor layer and being formed of a coated wire; and    (b) a method of producing a photovoltaic element comprising bonding a coated wire for a collector electrode to a light incident surface of photovoltaic element by heating and/or pressure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a composition for a collector electrode that is provided with a coating layer.    Collecting electrode (100)    Metal wire (101)    Coating layer (102)
NOVELTY - Component (10) comprises a photovoltaic module (14) chemically and mechanically connected to a base body (12) without an air gap so that the formation of moisture between the photovoltaic module and base body is avoided.    USE - For fixing to a rail track for a Transrapid transport system.    ADVANTAGE - The formation of moisture between the photovoltaic module and base body is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for the production of the component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the component.    component (10)    base body (12)    photovoltaic module (14)    adhesive layer (16)    solar cell layer (28)    solar cells (30)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen-rich synthesis gas using hydrocarbons comprises stripping nitrogen amount of air produced by the process in a nitrogen stripping unit (2), converting stripped air and hydrocarbons in an autothermal reactor (1) with catalyst (11) and producing heat required for conversion by exothermic reaction of portion of hydrocarbons with oxygen.    USE - For operating a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process is energy-efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Converting hydrocarbons into hydrogen-rich synthesis gas comprises stripping the nitrogen amount of air produced by the process in a nitrogen stripping unit (2), converting the stripped air and the hydrocarbons in an autothermal reactor (1) which contains a catalyst (11) and which produces the heat required for the conversion by the exothermic reaction of part of the hydrocarbons with the oxygen contained in the stripped air, and pre-heating a feed material by heat exchange with the synthesis gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a hydrogen generator for converting hydrocarbons into hydrogen-rich synthesis gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the process.    autothermal reactor (1)    nitrogen stripping unit (2)    heat exchangers (5, 6)    gas motor (9)    catalyst (11)
NOVELTY - A reactor system has a temperature-controlled start-up burner (20) for burning hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives with air. The temperature of the hot gas produced by the burner is regulated to a value close to or below the damaging temperature of the catalyst material by adding air before the hot gas is contacted with the reactor system.    USE - Used in fuel cell-operated vehicles for producing hydrogen from hydrocarbons or hydrocarbon derivatives by autothermal reformation.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor system can be easily brought up to the operating temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reactor system.    heat insulation (4)    mixture-forming chamber (6)    reactor (8)    heat exchanger (10)    start-up burner (20)
NOVELTY - The system contains a gas generator (6) with a reformer (7) fed with natural gas, propane, butane, petrol diesel oil or kerosene (8). It has a catalytic burner (15) and a starting burner (16) acting as a heater. The reformer is kept at a standby temperature of 400degreesC and is raised to 600degreesC for active use.    USE - Power generation plant using fuel reformer and stack of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel reformer can utilize wide variety of gaseous and liquid fuels and is designed for quick starting and maximum efficiency of hydrogen production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel and air are fed to a burner (13) to heat the reformer when starting the system. Gas from the reformer is fed via two high temperature shift stages (10,11) and control valves (9) to a membrane separator (12). The hydrogen passes through the membrane, and the carbon monoxide is returned to the catalytic burner to heat the reformer. The whole gas generator system is surrounded by heat insulation (20). Air (4) is fed to the cathode side (3) and hydrogen is fed (5) to the anode side (2) of the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the system.    Anode side of stack of fuel cells (2)    Cathode side of stack of fuel cells (3)    Air inlet to fuel cells (4)    Hydrogen feed to fuel cells (5)    Gas generator (6)    Reformer (7)    Raw fuel inlet (8)    Control valves (9)    High temperature shift stages (10,11)    Membrane separator (12)    Burner (13)    Catalytic burner (15)    Starting burner (16)    Heat insulation (20)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell comprises a layer formed by a bipolar plate (5, 5'), and a sensor element (1) forming a boundary surface with the bipolar plate. The sensor element is partially surrounded by a sealing enclosure (3) which is protected against pressing and contains connecting elements (2) for electrically connecting to control units.    USE - Used in fuel cell systems for adjusting a temperature profile, preferably for controlling the temperature in a fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell has high stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through the fuel cell.    sensor element (1)    connecting elements (2)    sealing enclosure (3)    bipolar plate (5, 5')
NOVELTY - A reactor for endothermic reactions of gaseous or gas-solid mixtures has heating block(s) filling the reactor cross-section which are electrically insulated from the reactor wall and optionally from one another, each block being provided with power connections and consisting of open-cell foam which heats up when a voltage is applied and transfers heat to the mixture.    USE - For the dehydrogenation of propane or ethylbenzene, the production of hydrocyanic acid by thermal cleavage of formamide, or the production of aniline and melamine, for thermal catalytic purification of waste gas, for continuous off-gas purification in phthalic anhydride production (preferably using a heat exchanger to recover heat from the off-gas, preferably for the production of steam which is used to generate electricity for heating up the reactor blocks), as a filter element for oil-fired plant with thermal cleaning, or as a reformer for the production of hydrogen, especially a fuel cell for use in cars (claimed). Also claimed is the use of at least partly open-cell ceramic foam (preferably with a total porosity of 55-99%, most preferably 75-90%) which heats up when a voltage is applied, for the production of heating blocks for the claimed reactor.    ADVANTAGE - A simple method for transferring heat direct to reaction centers, with a short heat conduction path and a large heat-transfer surface due to the large specific surface area of the foam. The cell structure of the foam ensures uniform, readily-controllable heat input to the fluid reaction mixture, with a high mass transfer surface and therefore good mass transfer with minimal loss of pressure. The high surface temperature of the foam minimizes the formation of deposits and it is also possible to burn off any deposits by briefly raising the temperature above that required for the endothermic reaction.
NOVELTY - The composition has silicon particles and dispersing medium. The composition is coated as film on a substrate and instantaneous fusion, heat treatment or optical treatment is performed.    USE - Composition for forming silicon film for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - A polycrystal silicon film of desired thickness is efficiently produced in an easy way.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for silicon film forming method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the film forming device.
NOVELTY - Ion conductive film contains a support electrolyte, an electrolyte liquid and a polymer compound having swellability or solubility for the electrolyte liquid. The peak top on melting in the differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) measurement is 80-120degreesC.    USE - Used in the manufacture of electrochemical elements such as secondary cells, wet-type solar cells, electrical double layer capacitors, electrolytic capacitors, electrochromic elements etc.    ADVANTAGE - The electrochemical element can be produced by an easy and convenient method. The film shows high ion conductivity and is free from troubles such as liquid leaks. The film has excellent transparency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the DSC measurement chart of an ion conductive film.
NOVELTY - Plate like silicon obtained by impregnating substrate in molten silicon liquid, has silicon main surface as the first surface, and another surface continued from the first surface, wherein the normal vector of this another surface has a plane in inversed parallel or in an obtuse angle to the normal vector of the first surface. The first surface and the other surface form the joint part of the substrate.    USE - The plate like silicon is used in solar batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The preparation does not require slicing process, prevents falling of silicon from substrate, and improves quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) preparation of the plate like silicon,    (2) and the substrate used for the preparation of the plate like silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing illustrates the silicon.    First surface (11A)    Second surface (12A)
NOVELTY - An autothermal reformer (10), for reforming a hydrocarbon fuel, comprises a housing (500, 510, 520) defining a reforming chamber, a fuel inlet (20), a steam inlet (40), and air inlets (24). All inlets are in fluid communication with the reforming chamber. One of the air inlets provides a volume of air to the reforming chamber during a start-up mode, and a second of the air inlets provides a volume of air to the reforming chamber during a normal operation mode.    USE - For reforming a hydrocarbon fuel (claimed), useful in a fuel cell system for mobile applications, e.g. electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The novel system ensures a reduction in the mixing time and distribution volume needed, resulting in lower residence times at lower flows. The reduction in residence time at lower flows results in a wider operational range or turndown.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of reforming a hydrocarbon fuel in an autothermal reformer, including a thermal reforming zone and a catalytic reforming zone, which involves combusting an oxidizing gas from a first inlet and a hydrocarbon fuel from a second inlet in the thermal reforming zone, to heat the catalytic reforming zone to a light-off temperature; and mixing an oxidizing gas(es) introduced through a third inlet, and water and a hydrocarbon fuel from a fourth inlet after the catalyst reforming zone reaches the light-off temperature, and passing the mixture through the heated catalyst reforming zone.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a sectional view of a multi-port autothermal reformer, as above.    Autothermal reformer (10)    Fuel inlet (20)    Air inlets (24)    Annular volume (26, 42)    Porous material (28, 44)    Swirler (30, 38)    Run air inlet (36)    Steam inlet (40)    Housing (500, 510, 520)
NOVELTY - An energy supply station comprises chemical converters positioned to receive fuel and for processing the fuel to form an output medium including carbon dioxide, a separation stage for separating a chemical component from the output medium, a collection element in fluid circuit with the separation stage for collecting the carbon dioxide, and a vehicle interface.    USE - For converting hydrocarbon fuel into hydrogen and electricity for subsequent delivery to a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The supply station is clean, and has high performance and low emission.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for co-producing hydrogen and electricity in a station from a hydrocarbon fuel, comprising co-producing hydrogen and electricity with chemical converters by processing the fuel to form an output medium having carbon dioxide, separating a chemical component from the output medium, and storing the hydrogen before being dispensed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram illustrating the process flow of the reactants and exhaust in a low emission energy supply station.
NOVELTY - The cartridge (15) has a liquid fuel storage section to store a liquid fuel for a fuel cell. The fuel cell generates electricity upon the receipt of the liquid fuel and creates liquid to be discharged, where the generated electricity runs a printer. The discharged liquid is stored in a discharged liquid storage section. The storage sections are separated by a flexible partition film.    USE - Cartridge used in a printer.    ADVANTAGE - The cartridge with a liquid fuel storage section and a discharged liquid storage section helps to perform the water processing and residual control in an easier manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a printer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cartridge storing inks and liquid fuels.    Ink cartridge (10)    Sensors (11c-15c)    Supplying slot (15a)    Receiving slot (15b)    F-cartridge (15)
NOVELTY - A desulfurizing agent contains nickel and/or copper supported on a carrier. The desulfurizing agent contains (in mass%) nickel oxide (60-70) and copper oxide (10-20) by oxide conversion, and 60% or more of supported nickel is metal nickel. The total amount of nickel and copper oxides is 76-87 mass% by oxide conversion. The desulfurizing agent contains 0.15 mmol/g or more of hydrogen absorption amount.    USE - For hydrocarbon used for manufacture of hydrogen (claimed) used in fuel cell used for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The desulfurizing agent has durability, and efficiently reduces the concentration of sulfur content contained in hydrocarbon. Hydrogen is efficiently manufactured using desulfurizing agent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of hydrogen.
NOVELTY - A manifold (4), flow amount adjustment valve (7) and a compressor (9) supply oxidizing agent to an end of an oxidizing agent feed pipe (2) which is installed in reaction gas flow path (1), and oxidizing agent is ejected to another manifold (5) and recirculation pipe (10), for supplying oxidizing agent to other end of the feed pipe.    USE - Supplying oxidizing agent to catalyst for removing carbon monoxide from hydrogen-containing reformed gas, by oxidation reaction.    ADVANTAGE - Distributes oxidizing agent uniformly in feed pipe, by relieving pressure gradient in supply and ejection side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the oxidizing agent supply apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction gas flow path (1)    feed pipe (2)    exhaust nozzle (3)    manifolds (4,5)    flow amount adjustment valve (7)    blower (8)    compressor (9)    recirculation pipe (10)
NOVELTY - Method comprises subjecting reformed gas of carbon monoxide, to low and high temperature shift reaction processes using base metal catalyst and noble catalyst, respectively. The base metal type catalyst contains copper and zinc. The noble metal type catalyst contains metals selected from group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold.    USE - For performing water-gas-shift reaction of reformed gas used for    ADVANTAGE - The durability of the catalyst is improved, by distributing the heat produced by water gas shift reaction between the high and low temperature reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves subjecting reformed gas containing carbon monoxide, to low and high temperature shift reaction processes using base metal type catalyst and noble type catalyst, respectively. The base metal type catalyst contains copper and zinc as main component. The noble metal type catalyst contains metals selected from group consisting of ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum and gold. The base metal type catalyst is the catalyst which contains copper, zinc oxide and alumina, or the catalyst which contains copper and zinc metal ion. The Carbon monoxide concentration in the exit gas of low temperature shift reaction process, is reduced to 1.2 times of the geometrical mean value of the carbon monoxide concentration in the raw reformed gas.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) hydrogen manufacturing apparatus; and    (2) fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    water tank (1)    water pump (2)    high temperature shift reaction device (9)    low temperature shift reaction device (10)    fuel cell (17)
NOVELTY - A membrane separator (12) modifies fuel and separates hydrogen containing gas from it. A carbon monoxide (CO) removal apparatus (14) removes CO gas from hydrogen containing gas. A dryer (16) removes water vapor from hydrogen containing gas, using dehumidification agent.    USE - For fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Produces hydrogen with high purity, using compact and cheap apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator (12) has a modifier (12a) with fuel modification catalyst and membrane separation container (12b). The apparatus (14) has a CO selective-oxidation apparatus (14a) with corresponding catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (10)    membrane separator (12)    modifier (12a)    membrane separation container (12b)    CO removal apparatus (14)    CO selective-oxidation apparatus (14a)    dryer (16)
NOVELTY - The carbon monoxide removal apparatus has a pair of gas introduction flow path (2,3) for introducing reformed gas mixed with carbon monoxide into a casing (4) at different angles.    USE - For fuel cell power generator.    ADVANTAGE - Enables increasing the pressure of carbon monoxide removal reaction field easily, by introducing reformed gas at different angles. Thus the reaction rate is enlarged using simple structure, hence carbon monoxide removal according to driving load can be implemented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformed gas route (1)    Gas introduction flow paths (2,3)    Gasing (4)    Ejection gas channel (5)    Flow amount adjustment valve (6)    Computer unit (7)
NOVELTY - Fuel reformer (10) has catalysts (12,14) in catalyst layer, and modification fuel supply portion. Catalysts (14,12) contain rhodium supported zirconia, and rhodium supported ceria and alumina, respectively. Catalysts (12,14) are arranged at high and low temperatures, respectively, to advance modification reaction of gas having hydrocarbon group fuel and water vapor, supplied via fuel supply portion.    USE - For generating hydrogen (claimed) for fuel cell and for internal combustion engine.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel reformer has improved hydrogen generating efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The fuel reformer (10) has catalyst layer containing catalysts (12,14), and modification fuel supply portion. The catalyst (12) supports metal containing rhodium on a support (A) containing at least ceria (CeO2) and alumina (Al2O3). The catalyst (14) supports metal containing rhodium on a support (B) containing at least zirconia (ZrO2). The fuel supply portion supplies a gas containing hydrocarbon group fuel (e.g. gasoline) and water vapor to the catalyst layer. The catalyst (12) is arranged at high temperature and the catalyst (14) is arranged at comparatively lower temperature, in order to advance the modification reaction of the gas and produce hydrogen.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for generation of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of a fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (10)    catalyst (12,14)
NOVELTY - A storage tank (51) containing a modification catalyst comprises valves (V2, V3, V4) for opening or closing a catalyst inlet opening (52), a purge gas inlet opening (53) and a gas exhaust port (54), respectively. The tank is connected to a reformation chamber (3), through a connection valve (V1), for supplying the catalyst.    USE - Used for injecting modification catalyst for reformation processing in a modifier.    ADVANTAGE - The modification catalyst is supplied into the reformation chamber without the entry of outer air, by operating the valves, appropriately. Reformation processing is performed efficiently under a highly sealed state.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the use of a catalyst injection apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the catalyst injection apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformation chamber (3)    catalyst (3c)    storage tank (51)    catalyst inlet opening (52)    gas inlet opening (53)    exhaust port (54)    valves (V1-V4)
NOVELTY - An upper reaction catalyst layer (16) is formed on the inner wall of an upper flow path (15) in the joining surface of a glass pane (14). The upper flow path is formed corresponding to a lower flow path (12) of a silicon substrate (11) which is then joined with the pane. The path (12) is coated with a corresponding catalyst layer (13).    USE - Used during the manufacture of a semiconductor integrated circuit and for use in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The quantity of catalyst retained in the micro flow path is increased by forming two catalyst layers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a small-sized chemical reactor.    silicon substrate (11)    lower flow path (12)    lower reaction catalyst layer (13)    glass pane (14)    upper flow path (15)    upper reaction catalyst layer (16)
NOVELTY - An apparatus includes a copper or silver coated chalcopyrite thin film (2) mounted on a substrate (1). The copper or silver coated film is applied with indium or gallium and selenium or tellurium to form the chalcopyrite thin film (3) for measuring electrical resistance between the counter electrode provided on the insulated substrate.    USE - Used for forming a chalcopyrite thin film for optoelectric transducers such as thin-film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The film is produced with high quality by applying excess copper or silver to the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of formation of a chalcopyrite thin film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (1)    copper or silver coated chalcopyrite thin films (2, 2a)    chalcopyrite thin film (3)
NOVELTY - A non-monocrystal thin-film (1g) is provided on the lower surface of a flexible substrate (1a).    USE - Used in e.g. thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Curvature of substrate is prevented reliably. Formation of wrinkles during rolling of flexible film substrate, is restrained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin-film solar cell manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional and top views of the thin-film solar cell.    flexible substrate (1a)    electrode layers (1b, 1c, 1e, 1f)    photoelectric converting layer (1d)    non-monocrystal thin-film (1g)
NOVELTY - Forming primary and secondary coating films (c1,c2) on microparticle (22) and inner wall (23) of the processing container, respectively, based on the polarized charge in the boundary surfaces of the microparticle and inner wall, so as to produce repulsive force between the microparticle and inner wall, is new.    USE - The method is used for adhesion of microparticles in inner wall of processing container (claimed) used for processing microparticles used for toner, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, pigments, secondary battery and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The jamming of microparticles is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the adhesion prevention structure of the microparticles.    Microparticle (22)    Inner wall (23)    Primary and secondary coating films (c1,c2)
NOVELTY - A pigment layer (D) is formed on the upper surface of an electron carrying layer (4) provided between electrodes (3, 6). A hole carrying layer (5) is formed on the pigment layer, by hole carrying layer material applying process, such that it contacts a catalyst layer provided on lower surface of the electrode (6).    USE - Used for manufacturing an optoelectric transducer such as a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved and cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (2)    Electrodes (3,6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - The electrolyte layer (10) is obtained by applying catalyst paste (22) comprising glass electrolyte sol (21) and catalyst on both surfaces of the plate shaped support and bake processing. The support comprises porous material.    USE - Used for fuel cells accompanying proton shift.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte layer provided airtight high glass electrolyte film, and decreases the shrinkage of glass electrolyte film.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of an electrolyte layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows disassembling isometric view of fuel cell.    electrolyte layer (10)    glass electrolyte film (11)    catalyst layer (12a, 12b)    support (13)    glass electrolytic sol (21)    catalyst paste (22)
NOVELTY - A paper conveyance roller (2060) and a paper winding-up roller (2003) are maintained at floating potential. A power-supply roller (2006) that contacts an elongated substrate (2001) is maintained at an independent potential, while other rollers such as a correction roller (2059) or a support roller (2057) in contact with the substrate, are at a floating potential.    USE - Used for depositing an oxide, such as zinc oxide, continuously on an elongated substrate such as a web, hoop, coil, tape, reel or roll, to form an oxide film used in manufacture of an amorphous-silicon photovoltaic cell or a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Film formation is carried out uniformly on the elongated substrate and hence a solar cell with uniform property is manufactured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an electrocrystallization apparatus.    elongated substrate (2001)    paper winding-up roller (2003)    tension roller (2005)    power-supply roller (2006)    stopper (2007, 2058)    anode (2017)    air blowing pipe (2018)    circulating pump (2027)    rinse tank (2030)    support roller (2057)    correction roller (2059)    paper conveyance roller (2060)
NOVELTY - The method involves laminating separation layer (28), intermediate layer (24) and a support sheet (26) sequentially on a transparent layer (22), after performing activation process to the joining surfaces of all the layers.    USE - For manufacturing separation membrane laminated sheet used for components in hydrogen separation device for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces formation of alloy layer in the joint surface of the separation membrane laminated sheet, by performing activation process to the surfaces before laminating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method components using separation membrane laminated sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the separation membrane laminated sheet.    separation membrane (10)    transparent layer (22)    intermediate layer (24)    transparent layer (24)    support sheet (26)    separation layer (28)
NOVELTY - An adhesive resin sealing agent (4) comprises a graft copolymer obtained by graft polymerizing 1-50 weight parts (wt. pts.) of a vinyl silane compound w.r.t 100 wt. pts. of a polyethylene-type material in the presence of 0.001 wt.% or less of a tin group organic catalyst. The vinyl silane compound (1-3) has a vinyl acetate content of 2 wt.% or less and a carboxylic acid content of 1 wt.% or less.    USE - Used for sealing a solar cell module (claimed) using an electrically insulation protection material.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive resin has good transparency, adhesion and stability w.r.t light, moisture, heat and thermocycling. Stable use of the solar cell module is enabled for a long period of time. The solar cell module has good mass production property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An adhesive resin sealing agent comprises a graft copolymer obtained by graft polymerizing 1-50 weight parts (wt. pts.) of a vinyl silane compound w.r.t 100 wt. pts. of a polyethylene-type material in the presence of 0.001 wt.% or less of a tin group organic catalyst. The vinyl silane compound of general formulae (1-3) has a vinyl acetate content of 2 wt.% or less and a carboxylic acid content of 1 wt.% or less.    R = alkyl;    X = alkyl or alkoxy; and    m, n and p = 1-100.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a solar cell module (11).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of the typical structure of a solar cell module attached with a frame.    Surface protection material (2)    Reverse side protection material (3)    Adhesive resin sealing agent (4)    Solar cell module (11)
NOVELTY - The inorganic-organic hybrid film coated stainless steel foil has a hybrid film on one or both surfaces of a stainless steel foil. A portion of bridging oxygen of inorganic three-dimensional network structure in the hybrid film containing siloxane coupling structure, is substituted by an organic group and/or hydrogen atom. The ratio of hydrogen concentration to silicon concentration is 0.1-10.    USE - As insulation base material for electronic device e.g. integrated circuit, and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The inorganic-organic hybrid film provides excellent heat resistance, workability, flatness and insulation to stainless steel foil.
NOVELTY - The insert piece (1) for a fuel cell includes a lower half-frame (10) with a peripheral frame (23) and an upper half-frame (20) fitting inside the peripheral frame (23). The peripheral part of the fuel cell membrane (3) is held in a sandwich between the two half-frames (10 and 20), providing a sturdy structure which is easily handled.    USE - Fuel cell for use in electric vehicles, especially urban transport vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables robot handling of membrane simplifying manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The insert piece (1) for a fuel cell is intended to be placed between the polar or bipolar plates (30), in order to keep them at a given distance from the base element, the membrane (3) and the electrodes (6). The edge of the membrane is fixed within the inside of the insert piece, the membrane having a greater diameter than that of the electrodes (6). The insert includes a lower half-frame (10) comprising a peripheral frame (23) traversed by functional fluid holes (25), and a support part (14) of reduced thickness traversed by fixing holes (12). An upper half-frame (20) is provided to fit inside the peripheral frame (23), and has clip fitting pins (22) penetrating into the fixing holes (12). The peripheral part of the membrane (3) is thus fixed in a sandwich between the two half-frames (10 and 20). The structure is non-deformable and easily handled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows the position of the supporting frame within the fuel cell.    insert (1)    membrane (3)    electrodes (6)    lower half frame (10)    fixing holes (12)    support (14)    upper half frame (20)    pins (22)    peripheral frame (23)    plates (30)
NOVELTY - In a vehicle body part with a support and a clear top coat, at least one thin film solar cell is applied to the support and the support with thin film solar cell(s) is covered by the clear top coat.    USE - The vehicle part is part of a vehicle roof, boot lid, bonnet, mudguard, door or bumper (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Vehicle body parts are usually made as pressed steel panels, which are given a series of coatings, whilst solar cells are arranged in solar panels on houses. The present system makes it possible to incorporate solar cells whilst providing protection and the desired optical and aesthetic properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of this part by:    (a) producing the support;    (b) applying the various layers of the thin film solar cell in stages, especially with other layers; and    (c) finally applying a clear top coat, especially clear lacquer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a vehicle body part.    Vehicle body part (1)    Support (2)    Polyimide layer (3)    Lower electrode of sputtered molybdenum (4)    p-Doped copper-indium-gallium selenide-sulfide crystal (5)    n-Doped cadmium sulfide completing thin film solar cell (6)    Upper electrode of n-doped indium-tin oxide applied by vapor deposition (7)    Covering layer of Tefzel (RTM; ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer) (8)    Scratch-proof clear coat of resin, preferably applied by dipping (9)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell sensor comprises a catalyst disk (17a) to chemically oxidize the gases or a low impedance fuel cell to electrochemically oxidize the gases on the counter electrode side, preferably between the counter electrode (14) and the protection membrane (15).    USE - For detecting oxidizable gases (claimed), e.g. hydrogen and carbon monoxide.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst disk eliminates chemically while the fuel cell eliminates electrochemically the gases to be detected that permeate through the protection membrane. This arrangement makes it possible to detect the gases in places where the gases to be detected are able to reach both the working electrode and the counter electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic exploded view of a fuel cell gas sensor of the invention.    Main body (10)    Protection membrane (11, 15)    Working electrode (12)    Electrolyte (13)    Counter electrode (14)    Contacts (16)    Catalyst disk (17a)    Covers (20, 21)    O-rings (22, 23)    Small holes (25)
NOVELTY - A solar panel comprises a photovoltaic material layer (102); a backing panel (108); and an adhesive layer (106) adhering the photovoltaic material to the backing panel. The adhesive layer comprises an adhesive composition including a low moisture vapor transmission rate (MVTR) polymer or copolymer and a silane-modified polymer or copolymer.    USE - As solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive composition provides low MVTR. Due to the presence of excess silane groups on the silane-modified polymer or copolymer, any moisture which may find its way into the adhesive composition merely results in further cross-linking of the silane-modified polymer or copolymer, rather than resulting in any break-down or deterioration of the adhesive composition or other components of the solar panel. In addition to providing enhanced strength and substrate adhesion to the adhesive composition, the silane-modified polymer or copolymer provided extended protection from any moisture which may penetrate into the adhesive composition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of fabricating a solar panel comprising a photovoltaic material layer and a backing panel by forming an adhesive composition having a low moisture vapor transmission rate by combining a low MVTR polymer or copolymer with a silane-modified polymer or copolymer; adhering the photovoltaic material layer to the backing panel using the adhesive composition; and cross-linking the silane-modified polymer or copolymer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of layers of a solar panel.    Photovoltaic material layer (102)    First surface (102a)    Second surface (102b)    Front panel (104)    Adhesive layer (106)    Backing panel (108)
NOVELTY - Nanoparticles (202) are created by adding a nanoparticles solution to a polystyrene and chloroform solvent; casting the combined solutions on a substrate; and evaporating the solvent leaving a film of polystyrene formed with the nanoparticles embedded in the polystyrene.    USE - The inventive method is used in the creation of nanoparticles used in phosphor component of a pixel element of a display apparatus. The nanoparticles can also be used in a polymer/silicon nanoparticles layer of photovoltaic cell having an anode, a cathode, and a conducting polymer (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method can create nanoparticles having a desired photoluminescence that is consistent during the manufacturing process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the inventive method for creating nanoparticles.    Nanoparticles (202)
NOVELTY - An encapsulated organic optoelectronic device comprises a substrate; an organic optoelectronic device on the substrate; and a sealing cap comprising a perimeter seal flange having an upper and a lower surface having a textured surface. The lower surface forms a hermetic seal around the optoelectronic device.    USE - Useful as replacement for inorganic silicon solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive optoelectronic device is hermetically sealed from the environment, has enough mechanical strength, and has a long-term operating lifetime.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An encapsulated organic optoelectronic device (100) comprises a substrate (101); an organic optoelectronic device (102) situated on the substrate; and a sealing cap (103) comprising a perimeter seal flange (104) having an upper and a lower surface. The lower surface of the perimeter seal flange is bonded to the substrate and forms a hermetic seal around the optoelectronic device. The lower surface of the perimeter seal flange has a textured surface. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of preparing an encapsulated organic optoelectronic device, comprising providing a sealing cap comprising a perimeter seal flange as above; providing a substrate and an optoelectronic device on the substrate; providing an adhesive (105) on at least one of the substrate or the lower surface of the perimeter seal flange; contacting the substrate with the lower surface of the perimeter seal flange such that the adhesive forms a hermetic seal between the substrate and the lower surface of the perimeter seal flange.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an encapsulated organic optoelectronic device.    Encapsulated organic optoelectronic device (100)    Substrate (101)    Organic optoelectronic device (102)    Sealing cap (103)    Perimeter seal flange (104)    Adhesive (105)
NOVELTY - Organic material has improved efficiency increased by adapting the working function.    USE - For an intermediate layer of an organic photovoltaic component (claimed), e.g. solar cell or photodetector.    ADVANTAGE - The organic material has improved efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for adapting the working function of an organic material by systematically reducing or oxidizing the organic material with electrochemical devices, in which the process is carried out during production of the intermediate layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through an organic photovoltaic component.    substrate (1)    semi-transparent electrode (2)    doped layers (3a, 3b)    semiconductor (4)    negative electrode (5)
NOVELTY - An ultra fine fiber comprises a drawn metallic fiber having a diameter less than 100 nm.    USE - The ultra fine fiber is used in a device, i.e. electronic sensor, e.g. piezo-resistive sensor, chemo-resistive sensor, nano-computer switch, thermo-resistive sensor, nano-transmitter, nano-receiver, thermocouple, and nano-antenna, biomedical sensor, e.g. glucose sensor, and opto-electronic converter, e.g. photovoltaic cell. The device can be filter, sensor, capacitor, resistor, semiconductor, fuel cell, nanogear, nanomechanical device, nanochemical device, nanoelectrical device, nanoelectromechanical system, nanospring or catalyst (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invented ultra fine fiber is a high quality metallic fiber.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for making an ultra fine fibers comprising providing metallic wires; coating the wires with a sacrificial coating material to obtain coated wires; subjecting the coated wires to at least two cycles of a drawing process by forming a bundle of metallic wires, or claddings containing metallic wires; encasing the bundle within an outer cladding; and drawing the outer cladding to reduce its outer diameter and to reduce the cross-section of the metallic wires; releasing the fibers by removing the sacrificial coating material and claddings; and obtaining ultra fine metallic fibers.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the process for assembling the second claddings.
NOVELTY - An electrochemical cell comprises an electrolyte in electrical contact with electrochemical cell electrodes. The electrolyte contains an ionic liquid.    USE - Used for sensing chlorine (claimed) and as an electrochemical fuel cell or gas sensor useful for detecting target gas species or reducing the gas species in gas to be monitored.    ADVANTAGE - The vapor pressure of the ionic liquid at room temperature is negligible to non-measurable as compared to water, acrylonitrile, or propylene carbonate. The ionic liquid enhances the gas detection sensitivity of the electrochemical cell gas sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic representation of a process system using an electrochemical gas sensor.    Abatement-processing unit (16)    Stream line (20)    Fluid driver (22)    Filter (24)    Sensor (26)
NOVELTY - An encapsulated electrochemical apparatus comprises a device having a first surface and first laminate (700). The laminate is bonded to a portion of the first surface.    USE - For encapsulation and termination of devices, including electronic or electrochemical device, e.g. thin film batteries, e.g. lithium battery or solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invented encapsulated electrochemical apparatus avoids or reduces entrapped air beneath the laminates. It can survives and provides environmental protection for more than two weeks at 85degreesC.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing an encapsulated electrochemical device comprising providing an electrochemical device; providing a first laminate layer; and bonding the first laminate layer to a first surface of the electrochemical device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a side view cutaway diagram of the apparatus.    Substrate (100)    Contact layer (400)    Laminate (700)    Contact (1300)    Via (1400)
NOVELTY - The system has an electrochemical transfer cell (502) to send hydrogen in a hydrogen flow circuit to hydrogen storage vessel (530) when an electrical potential is placed on a fuel cell in hydrogen separator mode. The transfer cell sends hydrogen from the storage vessel to the circuit when an electrical load is placed on the fuel cell in a hydrogen expander mode.    USE - Used for providing power to house, different appliance/electrical device of house or to a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The system allows the electrochemical transfer cell to transfer the hydrogen from/to storage vessel to/from circuit in two different operating modes, thereby providing an exact amount of hydrogen transfer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a fuel cell system with an electrochemical transfer cell.    Electrochemical transfer cell (502)    Natural gas (506)    Fuel cell stack (510)    Hydrogen compressor (528)    Storage vessel (530)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte composition comprises a gelling compound (1200) including a metal ion and an organic compound capable of complexing with the metal ion at sites.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The composition facilitates the production of inexpensive and lightweight photovoltaic cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a photovoltaic cell comprising light transmitting substrates, a photosensitized interconnected nanoparticle material and an electrolyte redox system; and    (2) a method of gelling an electrolyte solution comprising providing an electrolyte solution, adding a material capable of complexing at sites and adding a metal ion that complexes at the sites to form a gel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the chemical structure of a lithium ion complexing with polyethylene oxide segments.    Gelling electrolyte (1200)
NOVELTY - A solar cell (10) has substrate (12) having light-receiving first surface (14) and variegated second surface (16) defining first recess (18). The substrate is doped within the first recess to provide a first doped region defining the first recess and conductive material(s) (40) disposed in each of the first recesses for permitting electrical connections to the doped region.    USE - Used as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly provides highly efficient solar cell. It creases efficiency losses in the metal. It maximizes number of electrons and holes that reach depletion regions and contribute to solar cell current. It has improved heat management.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for forming the solar cell comprising:    (i) forming first and second recesses extending through a second surface;    (ii) providing p-type region (30) defining the first recess;    (iii) providing n-type region (32) defining the second recess; and    (iv) selectively providing conductive material in the recesses by chemical reaction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Solar cell (10)    Substrate (12)    First surface (14)    Second surface (16)    First recess (18)    Second recess (20)    P-type region (30)    N-type region (32)    Conductive material (40)    Insulating material (48)
NOVELTY - Catalytic production of hydrogen feed includes preparing hydrogen feed, and exposing hydrogen feed to a catalyst which promotes water-gas-shift reaction in liquid phase.    USE - Producing hydrogen feed useful in proton-exchange-membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen feed has reduced carbon monoxide content (50 ppm to less than 20 ppm).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of a hydrogen-rich gas from a gas stream containing carbon monoxide, water, hydrogen and methyl hydroxide, by oxidizing carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide in the presence of a liquid-phase homogenous catalytic system.
NOVELTY - An intermediate cylinder (11) is formed between the modification catalyst range (24) and transformation catalyst range (25). A carbon mono-oxide (CO) transformation catalyst layer (4) adjoins the modification-catalyst layer (3). The cooling devices (12,13) of CO transformation catalyst layer (4), are arranged at the outer surface of an outer cylinder (15).    USE - Fuel modifier e.g. for town gas, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), dimethyl ether (DME) and kerosene, for fuel-cell electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables improving durability and heat-resisting property of the fuel modifier, efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel-cell electric power generation system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification catalyst layers (3)    transformation catalyst layers (4)    intermediate cylinder (11)    cooling devices (12,13)    outer cylinder (15)    modification catalyst range (24)    transformation catalyst range (25)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-containing organic compound is dehydrogenated in the presence of dehydrogenating catalyst, to produce hydrogen gas.    USE - For manufacturing hydrogen gas used for fuel cell plant, hydrogen fuel engine plant, hydrogen burning gas turbine installation and secondary battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method is eco-friendly, and enables to produce hydrogen gas efficiently at low temperature with reduced energy consumption.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic diagram of manufacture of hydrogen gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen-containing organic compound supply line (1, 3)    hydrogen-containing organic compound feed pump (2)    hydrogen-containing organic compound heater (4)    dehydrogenating device (5)
NOVELTY - Carbon nanotube is manufactured by adding mixed solution of sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate to crude product containing carbon nanotube, heating, removing impurity, filtering and collecting carbon nanotube. The filtered carbon nanotube is washed, collected, dried and purified.    USE - For manufacturing carbon nanotube e.g. monolayered or multilayered carbon nanotube, by purifying crude product of monolayered or multilayered carbon nanotube. The carbon nanotube is used as hydrogen storage material for fuel cells, source of electron emission and transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables production of carbon nanotube having high purity. The addition of mixed solution of sulfuric acid and potassium nitrate enables removal of impurities from crude product of carbon nanotube.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of method for purification of multilayered carbon nanotube. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A monolith-type fuel modification catalyst has a porous catalyst layer containing rhodium formed on an aggregate surface of a metal foam-like support containing nickel and having a porosity of 90-97%. The average number of holes per 1 inch length of the support is 20-120.    USE - Used for producing hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuel (claimed) such as gasoline, kerosene oil, natural gas, naphtha and light oil.    ADVANTAGE - The monolith-type fuel modification catalyst has high modification efficiency even at low temperature, with reduced generation amount of by-product. The fuel modification is carried out with high fuel conversion ratio and selectivity, using a reduced amount of catalyst.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of hydrogen-rich gas by circulating a gas containing hydrocarbon group fuel to the through-holes of a monolith-type fuel modification catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the macropore structure of a monolith-type fuel modification catalyst. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A sulfur concentration of 30 ppm or less in kerosene is oxidized with an oxidizing agent and the sulfur concentration is decreased to 0.1 ppm or less by performing an adsorption treatment, solvent extraction or distillation. A modification catalyst is allowed to contact the desulfurized kerosene to manufacture hydrogen.    USE - Used for manufacturing hydrogen for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen for fuel cell is manufactured efficiently for long period of time. The life time of the modification catalyst is lengthened.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) comprises a container (3) whose inner wall is fixed to a thin film hydrogen storage casing (2). The casing is packed with the powdered carbonaceous material in container inner space (3a). The container is formed with a hydrogen inflow hole (3b) and drain hole (3c).    USE - For mounting on motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Single reduction of hydrogen storage apparatus with enhanced hydrogen storage capacity is achieved. Prevents dispersal of carbonaceous material by air flow and eliminates need for fibers. Displacement of carbonaceous material due to vehicle movement is excellently eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The storage apparatus includes a container with inner space, hydrogen inflow hole and drain hole. The thin film hydrogen storage casing packed with powered carbonaceous material is fixed to the inner wall of container, using solid cylindrical fiber support whose heat conductivity is more than the carbonaceous material. Several corrugators are formed on the thin-film surface or solid surface of casing, while an endothermic portion contacting the support, is formed at inner or outer side of container. The powdered carbonaceous material contains micronized graphite, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, fullerene, buckyonion, activated carbon and amorphous carbon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of the hydrogen storage apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage apparatus (1)    hydrogen storage casing (2)    container (3)    inner space (3a)    hydrogen inflow hole (3b)    hydrogen drain hole (3c)
NOVELTY - A pipeline (13) which supplies kerosene oil along the bottom direction and a pipeline (14) which removes desulfurized raw material along an upward direction, are provided at the upper portion of the desulfurizer (1). The terminal end of the pipeline (13) extends below the bottom (121) of the desulfurizer agent (12) held inside the desulfurizer.    USE - Used for the desulfurization of raw material such as kerosene oil at the time of manufacture of hydrogen for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Due to the extended pipeline below the desulfurizing agent, the contact time of the raw material and the desulfurizing agent is lengthened. Therefore size reduction of the desulfurizer is achieved and the durability of the desulfurizing agent is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A jacket for heating and heat retention is provided surrounding the desulfurizer. The desulfurizing pressure is made more than vapor pressure of the kerosene oil. Desulfurizing pressure is maintained in the range between 0.1-1.0 MPa, while the desulfurizing temperature is maintained between 150-300degreesC. The desulfurizing agent is nickel type. A connector (16) is provided for connecting and separating the pipelines from the desulfurizer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the desulfurizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Desulfurizer (1)    Desulfurizing agent (12)    Bottom portion of desulfurizing agent (121)    Pipelines (13,14)    Connector (16)
NOVELTY - Inflow of raw material used for manufacture of hydrogen, from a desulfurizing unit (12) in which a portion or entire raw material is desulfurized, in liquid phase, to a reformer (14), is prevented, during starting and stopping of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus.    USE - For performing desulfurization of raw material such as kerosene, before supply of kerosene to reformer of hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (claimed) which produces hydrogen for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents supply of kerosene vapors to the reformer, during starting and stopping of the apparatus. Hence prevents deterioration of the reforming catalyst, and thereby reduces the downtime of the apparatus.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The raw material is returned from the desulfurizing unit, to a raw-material tank, during starting and stopping of the apparatus. The raw material which is kerosene, is desulfurized at the temperature of 150-3000 degrees C, and at a pressure of 0.1-1.0 MPa.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogen manufacturing apparatus, which has a desulfurizing unit to perform desulfurizing of raw material comprising kerosene, in liquid phase, and to supply desulfurized kerosene, to a reformer. A bypass line is provided to return the raw material from the desulfurizing unit, to the raw-material tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    raw-material tank (11)    desulfurizing unit (12)    reformer (14)    water tank (15)
NOVELTY - Hydrocarbon group fuel and predetermined oxidizing agent are supplied into a reformer and modification reaction is performed. The carbon precipitated in the reformer during modification reaction is intermittently removed from the reformer. Hydrogen rich gas is produced in the reformer.    USE - For operating reformer used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The operating temperature of reformer is decreased and catalytically active reduction of precipitated carbon is suppressed. The intervals between the removal of precipitated carbon does not need to be fixed and average activity of the catalyst is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a reformer used for producing hydrogen rich gas from hydrocarbon group fuel.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a n-type buffer layer (6) on a p-type optical absorption layer (5) formed on a reverse-side electrode (2). The buffer layer is formed by immersing optical absorption layer in an aqueous solution obtained by mixing zinc sulfate, thiourea and ammonium hydroxide. Film formation is progressed to form buffer layer containing zinc oxide and zinc sulfide.    USE - For manufacture of compound thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The optical absorption layer has excellent bondability with the buffer layer. Stability of the optical absorption layer is increased. Formation of blocking layer between transparent electrode, is eliminated. Performance degradation of the optical absorption layer and buffer layer, is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method involves forming a n-type buffer layer on an optical absorption layer formed on a reverse-side electrode. The optical absorption layer consists of p-type compound semiconductor. The buffer layer is formed by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method using an aqueous solution obtained by mixing zinc sulfate, thiourea and ammonium hydroxide. The optical absorption layer is immersed in the aqueous solution and film formation is progressed to form buffer layer containing zinc oxide and zinc sulfide.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for compound thin-film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the manufacture of thin-film solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    substrate (1)    electrode (2)    optical absorption layer (5)    buffer layer (6)    transparent electrode (7)
NOVELTY - The solar cell (10) comprises sequential laminate of board (11), reverse-side electrode (12), insulating layer (13) consisting of Ia group element and/or Vb group element and semiconductor thin film (14) as optical absorption layer.    USE - As solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has excellent energy conversion efficiency and reproducibility. The recombination of carrier is decreased by providing the insulating layer at the junction boundary surface of semiconductor thin film. The solar cell is produced efficiently and easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional drawing of solar cell.    solar cell (10)    board (11)    reverse-side electrode (12)    insulating layer (13)    semiconductor thin film (14)
NOVELTY - A pressure transfer machine has ball-and-roller bearing which is sealed with the grease containing 8-40 mass% of urea compound 0.1-4 mass% of additive which does not contain metallic element.    USE - For motor vehicle, vessels and space craft.    ADVANTAGE - Fuel cell system maintains operational stability over long period. The amount of metal ions in grease is decreased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of polymer electrolyte type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    solid polymer electrolyte film (1)    cathodes (2)    anode (3)    shift converter (7)    CO removal device (8)
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer has a semiconductor layer electrode, a counter electrode and an electrolytic solution containing aminopyridine group compound.    USE - For pigment sensitizing type solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer exhibits very high release voltage, and enables formation of solar cell having high release voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell formed using above transducer.
NOVELTY - A transparent electroconductive oxide film consists of crystalline indium oxide and tungsten as main components. The oxide transparent electroconductive film is obtained by substituting the indium of indium oxide by tungsten. The atomic ratio of tungsten/indium is 0.019-0.034.    USE - For use in solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The oxide transparent electroconductive film has excellent adherence force, permeability in infrared region and low resistance value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a solar cell containing oxide transparent electroconductive film; and    (2) a method for preparing oxide transparent electroconductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph representing X-ray diffraction pattern of oxide transparent electroconductive film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The glass composition comprises (in mass%) 60-70 silica, 5-20 alumina, 0-1 lithium oxide, 3-18 sodium oxide, 0-9 potassium oxide, 0-10 magnesium oxide, 1-15 calcium oxide, 0-4.5 strontium oxide, 0-1 barium oxide, 0-1 titania and 0-1 zirconia. The total content of lithium, sodium and potassium oxides is 5-25 mass% and magnesium, calcium, strontium and barium oxides is 5-20 mass%.    USE - Glass plates, glass substrates for magnetic recording media (both claimed), liquid crystal display, reflective mirror of light source lamp used by LCD projector, for solar cells and for high speed rotation type hard disk drive unit.    ADVANTAGE - The glass composition provides thin glass substrates with excellent mechanical strength, high reliability and small crack generation probability. Formation of protrusions, deformations and alkali elution on glass surface are prevented even when the glass is subjected to heat processing. The glass surface is smooth and has sufficient strength. Formation of cracks by external force application is avoided and glass substrate with excellent heat resisting property is obtained. Molten glass can be guided directly to molten tin bath and can be molded to a plate shape. Glass plates with high reinforcement degree is obtained by chemical strengthening processing and ion exchange.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) glass products;    (2) glass substrate for magnetic recording media;    (3) chemically strengthened glass substrate; and    (4) manufacture of glass plate.
NOVELTY - Several heat transfer units (25-28) held in zig-zag manner, are arranged in a space (23) formed between hot modification catalyst (17) and carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst (18)provided in a cylindrical container (11). Portion of potential heat of the mixed gas flowing in the space, is absorbed by the heat transfer units which transfers absorbed heat to the wall of the container.    USE - For generation of hydrogen used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - When mixed gas loses one portion of the heat transfer units, the temperature of the carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst is maintained at suitable value. The size and weight of the hydrogen generator, is reduced. The arrangement of the heat transfer units increases effective heating surface and temperature change. Provides simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modification catalyst, carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst and carbon mono oxide removal catalyst (19) are arranged in order in the cylindrical container. The source gas which consists of hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol is reformed into mixed gas containing hydrogen, carbon mono oxide and carbon dioxide by the modification catalyst. Heat insulation layer (16) is interposed between the peripheral surfaces of the modification catalyst and the inner surface of the container. The heat transfer units are arranged such that the mixed gas has undulation flow.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (10)    cylindrical container (11)    heat insulation layer (16)    modification catalyst (17)    carbon mono oxide transformation catalyst (18)    carbon mono oxide removal catalyst (19)    space (23)    heat transfer units (25-28)
NOVELTY - A silicon melt solution (4) is solidified by cooling in an atmosphere containing oxygen and nitrogen, during falling. A grain shape silicon is produced while ejecting and dropping silicon melt solution from nozzle portion (3a) of a melting pot (1), in the shape of drop.    USE - For photoelectric-conversion device such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The grain shape silicon is economically manufactured with high quality and stability. The large size particle formation is reduced, even when particle contacts at high temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a melting pot used for manufacture of grain shape silicon. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Melting pot (1)    Main portion (2)    Nozzle portion (3a)    Silicon melt solution (4)    Tubular shape portion (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel modifier (10) has a heat insulating layer (20) provided at its outer wall, so as to prevent dew formation on a carbon monoxide (CO) transformation catalyst layer (12).    USE - For solid-polymer fuel cell (PEFC) system.    ADVANTAGE - The deterioration of the CO transformation catalyst layer is prevented, as a result the hydrogen gas is manufactured stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel modifier operating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel modifier (10)    fuel modification catalyst layer (11)    CO transformation catalyst layer (12)    evaporator (15)    insulating layer (20)
NOVELTY - The pigment sensitizing type solar battery (I) (20) comprising photoelectrode (10) having semiconductor electrode (2), transparent electrode (1) arranged adjacent to the top of the light-receiving-surface of semiconductor electrode and counter electrode (CE). The semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode are arranged opposite by the electrolyte (E).    USE - As pigment sensitizing type solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has outstanding photoelectric conversion efficiency for a longer period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The pigment sensitizing type solar battery (I) comprising photoelectrode having a semiconductor electrode with light-receiving surface, transparent electrode arranged adjacent to the top of the light-receiving-surface of the semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode. The semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode are arranged opposite by the electrolyte. The semiconductor electrode comprises pigment and an antioxidant which is present in the electrolyte that prevents oxidation of the pigment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows basic composition of pigment sensitizing type solar battery.    Transparent electrode (1)    Semiconductor electrode (2)    Transparent electrical conductive film (3)    Transparent substrate (4)    Photoelectrode (10)    Pigment sensitizing type solar battery (20)    Counter electrode (CE)    Electrolyte (E)
NOVELTY - The bridge circuits have sensing elements (1a,1b) and reference elements (2a,2b) sealing thermistor pairs with same temperature-resistance value and different moisture absorption property, in dry air atmosphere within porous and non-porous cases (11a,11b) respectively. The hydrogen gas concentration is calculated from the differential output of bridge circuits.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed) used in motor vehicle (claimed) e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - Enables detecting hydrogen gas concentration accurately, even if water vapor coexists with hydrogen gas.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the cross-sectional views of the gas sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sensing elements (1a,1b)    reference elements (2a,2b)    porous case (11a)    non-porous case (11b)    printed circuit board (14)    gas introduction port (17)
NOVELTY - Ion electroconductive composition is formed by using monocyclic aromatic hetero ring type-compounds (A, B), aromatic hetero ring type-compound (C), and electrolyte. The compound (A) has 3-10 C organic residue(s) having substituent, and 2-3 nitrogen atoms. The compound (B) has 3-10 C organic residue(s) having substituent, and 1 nitrogen atom. The compound (C) is polycyclic type aromatic hetero ring systemcombination.    USE - As charge transferring layer of photoelectrochemical cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectrochemical cell has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and excellent release voltage and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ion electroconductive composition is formed by using at least one type of monocyclic aromatic hetero ring type-compounds (A, B), and aromatic hetero ring type-compound (C), and electrolyte. The compound (A) has at least of 3-10 C organic residue having substituent, and has 2-3 nitrogen atom as a hetero atom. The compound (B) has at least of 3-10C organic residue having substituent, and has 1 nitrogen atom as a hetero atom. The compound (C) is polycyclic type aromatic hetero ring system combination which has at least one 3-10C organic residue having substituent, and has 1-3 nitrogen atom as a hetero atom. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photogalvanic cell which comprises the charge transferring layer formed using the ion electroconductive composition.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte composition contains inorganic microparticle region and nucleophilic compound region. The functional group of inorganic microparticle reacts with nucleophilic agent and carries out surface modification.    USE - For optoelectric transducer and photoelectric cell (both claimed) used for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte composition has excellent charge transport ability and durability. The photoelectric cell and optoelectric transducer has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) optoelectric transducer; and    (2) photoelectric cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows fragmentary sectional view of optoelectric transducer internal structure.    conductive layer (10)    metal lead (11)    photosensitive layer (20)    semiconductor particles (21)    electric charge carrying layer (30)
NOVELTY - Upper portions of the electrodes (4,5) are covered by an insulating material (8). Connection portion (6c) of a conductive material (6) and connection portion (7c) of a conductive material (7) are formed at different positions above the upper portion of the electrodes (4,5).    USE - Flip-chip type semiconductor element e.g. semiconductor light emitting element for back light, illumination light source, indicator, traffic light and liquid crystal display device, large wavelength conversion type light emitting device, laser element, photo element, solar cell, photo element, transistor and optoelectric transducer.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the generation of short circuit in between the electrodes effectively, enables performing of height control of the light emitting element simply, copes with the alteration of the mounting substrate suitably, and improves ground contact stability and light emission property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) light emitting device;    (2) semiconductor element manufacturing method; and    (3) light emitting device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section and top view of the flip-chip type semiconductor light emitting element.    Substrate (1)    n-type semiconductor layer (2)    p-type semiconductor layer (3)    Electrodes (4,5)    Conductive materials (6,6a,6b,7,7a,7b)    Insulation materials (8,8a,8b)    Insulation material upper portions (9,10)    Conductive adhesives (11,12)    Mounting substrate (15)    Fluorescent material (16)
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger includes metal tubes (31, 32) into which the water for cooling battery and radiator flows respectively. An electric insulating layer between the metal tubes includes a sheet made of silicone rubber.    USE - Used for a fuel cell used in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Since an electric insulating layer is provided between the metal tubes, electric insulation is reliably ensured, and a heat exchanger with good earth-leakage-proof property, high pressure resistance and high heat exchange efficiency is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the heat exchanger. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Metal tubes (31, 32)    Heat exchange unit (34)    Electric insulating layer (36)    Support (37)
NOVELTY - The palladium metal powder has Brunauer-Emmet-Teller specific surface area of 0.05-3 m2/g, and a microcrystal size of 400-700 Angstrom calculated a (III) diffraction line, by the X-ray diffraction method.    USE - As catalyst, e.g. motor vehicle catalyst, chemical catalyzer of fuel cell, and for dental alloy and electronic component.    ADVANTAGE - The palladium metal powder has high purity. The palladium powder production uses a wet electrolytic-reduction method, and provides easy recovery of used metal palladium, thereby has large circulation reuse.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for production of palladium powder.
NOVELTY - A sensing element (11) has a thermistor having B constant of 1000-3500 K in a porous case (10a) and a reference element has a thermistor having B constant of 1000-3500 K in the thermistor in a non-porous case. The difference between resistance value of the sensing element and the reference element, due to the presence of hydrogen is detected. Hydrogen concentration is calculated, based on the difference.    USE - For detecting leakage of hydrogen used as fuel in fuel cell used for motor vehicle (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen concentration is detected accurately and rapidly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for motor vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the hydrogen sensor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Porous case (10a)    Sensing element (11)
NOVELTY - Control device for a reactor (1) comprises a sensor (4) for acquiring a parameter representative of the effectiveness of the reactor and for delivering a measuring signal corresponding to the parameter, a control unit (3) connected to the sensor for deriving a control signal (e) from the measuring signal (a), and an actuator (2) for influencing a process parameter of the reactor based on the control signal.    USE - For a fuel cell or reformer.    ADVANTAGE - The feed of fuel, oxidant or water can be optimized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Control device for a reactor (1) comprises a sensor (4) for acquiring a parameter representative of the effectiveness of the reactor and for delivering a measuring signal corresponding to the parameter, a control unit (3) connected to the sensor for deriving a control signal (e) from the measuring signal (a), and an actuator (2) for influencing a process parameter of the reactor based on the control signal. The control unit produces a signal with an equal part depending on the acquired parameter and a component oscillating with a first frequency to establish the equal part based on a ratio between the oscillating component of the control signal and a component of the measuring signal oscillating with a first frequency.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a process for controlling a reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a reactor system with the control device.    reactor (1)    actuator (2)    control unit (3)    lock-in amplifier (6, 10)    measuring signal (a)    control signal (e)
NOVELTY - An ionic conductive material for electrolytic solution comprises an anion containing one or more cyano groups linked, optionally via a linking group, to boron, nitrogen, oxygen, aluminum, silicon, phosphorus, sulfur, arsenic or selenium.    USE - For electrolytic solution used for lithium secondary battery, electrolytic capacitor, electric double layer capacitor (claimed), fuel cells, solar cells, and electrochromic devices.    ADVANTAGE - The invention shows improved ionic conductivity, shows no corrosiveness against electrodes, among others, is stable in a time-dependent manner, shows suppressed electrolyte salt decomposition even at high potential levels and is stable electrochemically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ionic conductive material for electrolytic solution comprises an anion of formula (I).    (CN)a(M1)bX-(M2)c(CN)d (I)    X = B, N, O, Al, Si, O, S, As or Se;    M1, M2 = organic linking group;    a = not less than 1;    b, c, d = not less than 0.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a material for electrolytic solutions comprising the ionic liquid and an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal salt, where the material has a viscosity of not higher than 300 mPa.s.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of one form of the lithium secondary battery.
NOVELTY - A gas unit storage (micro) cell, comprises a pressure vessel; micro-tubes for gas conducting; micro-channels for the reversible storage of the gas and having a hydraulic diameter of 100-600 (preferably 200-500) micron; and reversible heaters and coolers for the chemical and/or physical storage of gas. The storage cell has an internal volume of 2-5 (preferably lower than 3) cm3.    USE - The storage cell is for storing hydrogen, methane, propane, butane, ethane, hythane, and/or natural gas. It is useful for gas unit container used in solid gas storage system, and for exchangeable cartridge. The gas unit container is used as on board portable fuel cell and/or as power generation plant. It is also used as fuel tank that works with a safe sorption, and thermically managed. The solid gas storage system is used for zero emission vehicles. (All claimed)    ADVANTAGE - The gas unit storage (micro) cell is highly efficient and can raise public awareness of ecological issues.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a gas unit container comprising a gas unit cell, where the free volume inside the pressure vessel is partially filled with at least one means susceptible to reversibly stock a gas (preferably hydrogen), where the free volume is filled with at least one metal hydride;    (b) a solid gas storage system comprising gas unit container being connected together and the sum of the diameters being less than 1 m; and    (c) an exchangeable cartridge (blue, white, green or yellow) for the storage of natural gas, hydrogen and/or hythane in the case of urban pollution, containing at least one storage unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows different views of the highly efficient gas unit storage cell.
NOVELTY - Electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell, is formed by supporting a redox material on vulcanized rubber.    USE - Used in the production of solar cells which can be attached to building materials.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte has improved generation efficiency, durability and safety and can be produced inexpensively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for    (1) Dye-sensitized solar cell which has a dye-sensitized semiconductor electrode, a counter electrode provided opposite the semiconductor electrode and the solid electrolyte arranged between these electrodes;    (2) The manufacture of the electrode for the dye-sensitized solar cell by forming a titanium oxide film on a substrate by reactive sputtering using a Ti metal target;    (3) The electrode for the dye-sensitized solar cell;    (4) A building material where the solar cell is bonded by pasting the back surface of a transparent organic polymer substrate having a counter electrode to the surface of a substrate via an adhesive layer;    (5) The manufacture of a metal oxide semiconductor film by coating a liquid containing metal oxide fine particles dispersed in a binder on a substrate having a transparent electrode on the surface and drying to form a metal oxide layer, and removing binder by UV irradiation;    (6) A dye-sensitized metal oxide semiconductor electrode;    (7) The manufacture of a transparent electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Transparent electrode (2)    Semiconductor electrode (3)    Counter electrode (4)    Sealing material (5)    Electrolyte (6)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell generation apparatus has hydrogen generation section which produces hydrogen by reform reaction of raw material, and fuel cell which has fuel electrode and air electrode and performs electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas supplied to fuel electrode and oxygen gas supplied to air electrode.    USE - Used for generating electricity using hydrogen gas.    ADVANTAGE - Electricity is generated with high efficiency on a small scale.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell generation apparatus has a hydrogen generation section which produces hydrogen by the reform reaction of a raw material, and a fuel cell which has a fuel electrode and an air electrode and performs electrochemical reaction of hydrogen gas supplied to the fuel electrode and oxygen gas supplied to the air electrode. The apparatus has a water collection part which collects water from water vapor from the fuel and/or air electrode, a water storage part which has a tank which stores collected water and a water supply part which supplies stored water to a hydrogen generation part. The tank is structured so that water can be exhausted to the outside to prevent degradation of the water stored in the tank and structured so that judgement is made whether or not the water in storage should be discharged outside.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 1 shows the structure of a fuel cell generation apparatus. (Drawing contains non-English language text).    Hydrogen generation section (1)    Reform part (1a)    CO conversion part (1b)    CO removal part (1c)    Supply section (2)    Fuel cell (3)    Blower (4)    Water recovery section (5)    Water storage section (6)    Tank (6a)    Control device (7)    Memory (7a)    Valve (9)    Water supply part (10)    Pump (10a)    Water purification part (11)    Filter (11a)    Display part (30)
NOVELTY - Photoelectric transducing material and semiconductor electrode, which comprises a novel organic dye having a specific structure, are new.    USE - The merocyanine dyes are for use for photoelectric transducing material or semiconductor electrodes, which are for use for photoelectric transducing devices and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The organic dye such as merocyanine dye exhibits excellent photoelectric transducing properties. The photoelectric transducing device having the semiconductor electrodes containing the merocyanine dye has a high photoelectric transducing coefficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Photoelectric transducing material and semiconductor electrode, which comprises a novel organic dye of formula (I) are new.    R1 = alkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heterocyclic residue group or can form a cyclic structure with a benzene ring ;    R2, R3 = H atom, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, mono-substituted amino, di-substituted amino, aralkyl, alkenyl, aryl, heterocyclic residue group or can together form a ring ;    R4 = group having an acidic group ;    X = methylene, O, S atom, NH2 or substituted amino group ;    n = 0 or 1    The semiconductor electrode comprises a substrate the surface of which has electric conductivity, a semiconductor layer formed on the electric conductive surface of the substrate, and an organic dye (I) adsorbed on the semiconductor layer.
NOVELTY - A bipolar plate (10) for fuel cell assembly, comprises a planar element receivable of a fuel cell module; a compressible gasket (18') disposed on a surface of the planar element at a distance inboard of an edge of the element; and a dielectric flange (32) disposed on the surface between (18') and the edge for preventing electrical contact with an adjacent bipolar plate in the fuel cell assembly.    USE - For fuel cell assembly (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention can fully and automatically ensure that adjacent bipolar plates do not contact one another during assembly or operation of a fuel cell stack. It can also increase the longevity and reliability of a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of a portion of a fuel cell assembly of the invention.    Bipolar plate (10)    Gasket (18')    Base portion (26)    Rib (28, 30)    Dielectric flange (32)
NOVELTY - A metallization in integrated polymer microsystem involves providing a flexible polymer substrate, and applying conductive ink to the substrate.    USE - For metallizing in integrated polymer microsystem to produce circuit lines useful in electronic devices (claimed), e.g. electrode array, implantable medical device, radio, recorder, recorder and player, video camera, video player, video recorder and player, cell phone, computer, calculator, phone tap, gadget hat detects phone taps, audio surveillance device, medical device, biosensor, radiation monitor, power source, battery solar cell, wireless, electronics for communication, capacitor, microprocessor, and digital to analog converter, display and camera.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method provides improved microfluidic systems that contain one or more levels of microfluidic channels using a syringe that allows for an even distribution throughout the structure. It avoids the use of photoresist and thus eliminating the possibility of losing excessive amounts of ink in the photolithography process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an electronic apparatus comprising flexible polymer substrate, and circuit lines connected to the flexible polymer substrate. The circuit lines are produced by the method comprising applying conductive ink to the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a system incorporating the invention.    System (100)    Substrate (101)    Circuit lines (102, 103, 108)    Antenna (106)
NOVELTY - Blended powder of titanium (T) hydride and magnesium (M) is put in container, and air is removed from container. Hydrogen gas (HG) is supplied into container at more than normal pressure (NP). Powder is then mechanically alloyed in ball mill, moved to container, and HG is removed. Air is gently introduced into container, and antioxidation is performed at NP to form M-T type hydrogen occlusion alloy.    USE - For manufacturing magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy (claimed) used for storing hydrogen, which is used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy having low operating temperature. The occlusion alloy easily supplies large amounts of hydrogen to hydrogen-oxygen type fuel cell. The alloy has structural mixture, which uniformly dispersed magnesium powder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Titanium is pulverized and hydrogenated simultaneously to form titanium hydride (TiH2) powder. TiH2 powder is then blended with magnesium (Mg) powder. The resulting powder is put into a container, which is capable of sealing the powder, and air is removed from the container by carrying out vacuum suction. Hydrogen gas is then supplied into the container at a pressure higher than normal pressure. The obtained powder is then mechanically alloyed in a ball mill having metal balls, in hydrogen gas atmosphere by applying rotation or vibration. The alloyed powder is then transferred to the container, and vacuum suction is applied to remove hydrogen gas from the container. Air is gradually introduced into the container, and anti-oxidation is performed at normal pressure. Magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy is obtained.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows PCT curve of magnesium-titanium group hydrogen occlusion alloy at 230 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (2) cools the hot reformed gas generated by a modifier (4). The reformed gas containing carbon monoxide (CO), is circulated inside cold route (1c) in a reactor (1). The cooled reformed gas is circulated inside a hot route (1h) supporting a catalyst to promote exothermic reaction of CO in the gas. The cooled gas absorbs heat produced during exothermic reaction, when passed inside the hot route.    USE - For use with fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses the rise in the temperature in the hot route, due to absorption of the exothermic heat produced in the hot route using the cooled reformed gas and thereby reactor is cooled with simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst is selected from the group consisting of a carbon monoxide modification catalyst and CO oxidation catalyst. The oxidation catalyst oxidizes CO in the reformed gas and the modification catalyst decreased the amount of CO in the reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel cell reforming system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactor (1)    cold route (1c)    hot route (1h)    heat exchanger (2)    modifier (4)
NOVELTY - A reaction container (30) accommodates a heater (20) and a catalyst layer (34) which receives hydrocarbon from raw material tank (10). The catalyst layer comprises hydrocarbon decomposition catalyst which carries out decomposition of hydrocarbon into hydrogen and carbon. The container has hydrogen outlet (46) as well as space (32) for holding the carbon produced by the catalytic reaction.    USE - For supplying hydrogen to solid polymer fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is manufactured easily without production of carbon monooxide. Reduces size of the apparatus. The serial process of carbon monooxide removal is made unnecessary.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrocarbon decomposition catalyst has support selected from titania, zirconia, silica, alumina, magnesia, graphitized carbon fiber mixed nickel, cobalt and iron group. The hydrocarbon is butane or propane. The heater is a burner. The fuel for a burner is hydrocarbon supplied from the raw material tank. An external air feed pipe (26) introduces air into the burner and air inlet tube (28) introduces air to the reaction container. The filters (38) for carbon removal is installed in the hydrogen outlet. The reaction container is covered with a heat insulator (16). The burner is installed in a central space (42) of the reaction container.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of the hydrogen manufacture apparatus.    hydrogen manufacturing apparatus (1)    heat insulator (16)    burner (20)    air feed pipe (26)    air inlet tube (28)    reaction container (30)    catalyst layer (34)    filters (36,38)    space (42)    hydrogen outlet (46)
NOVELTY - A heater (22) heats a catalyst (18) which contains hydrocarbon supplied from a storage tank (10), to carry out dehydrogenation. A separation tank (20) separates the decalin from naphthalene and ejects the hydrogen gas generated in the dehydrogenation process.    USE - For supplying hydrogen gas to fuel cell mounted on vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Pure hydrogen gas is supplied to the hydrogen use apparatus, thereby improving its efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    storage tank (10)    catalyst (18)    separation tank (20)    heater (22)    hydrogen separation unit (32)
NOVELTY - The iron silicide semiconductor thin film has an optical band gap charged by hydrogenation.    USE - For use in light and electronic devices, e.g. solar battery, photodiode, light emitting device.    ADVANTAGE - The light and electrical properties of the device are controlled by providing a desired band gap.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) light and electronic devices; and    (2) manufacturing method of iron silicide semiconductor thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph representing I-V property of pn-junction type light receiving element using hydrogenation beta-ferrous silicate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Nitrogen is obtained from liquid air. Water vapor is made to act on iron which electrolyzed and became red-hot, to obtain hydrogen. Hydrogen and nitrogen are reacted, to produce ammonia. Cooling pressurization of ammonia gas is carried out, and liquid ammonia is obtained. The liquid ammonia and water are loaded and reacted in a motor vehicle, to produce hydrogen.    USE - For fixing reclaiming hydrogen used as fuel for vehicle and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen is obtained easily and economically by combining chemical substance which is abundant naturally. The chemical substance is easy to handle, and decomposition of the substance is performed easily. Thus, the method enables reuse of hydrogen effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for decomposition of nitrogen dioxide or dinitrogen tetraoxide.
NOVELTY - A rotary holder (9) is fixed to a substrate (13) and is connected upwards of a crucible (7). A rotary shaft (16) is attached to the lower surface of the holder, parallel to the molten silicon (8) in the crucible. The substrate is immersed in the molten silicon such that the substrate is maintained vertically in the molten silicon, by rotating the shaft.    USE - For manufacturing crystal sheet for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the substrate is maintained vertically inside the molten silicon, the size of the crucible is reduced and therefore the energy required to maintain constant temperature inside the crucible is reduced. The immersion time of the substrate is shortened, reducing silicon carbonization of the crystal growth surface. The manufacturing process is simplified and manufacturing cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The substrate is moved between a conveyance belt (5) and the holder through a relay stage (10). The holder is attached with a extruder to remove the substrate. The substrate is preheated in a preheating zone (1) and is cooled, after passing through a relay zone (2). The substrate is immersed in the molten silicon. The silicon crystal grows on the substrate.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing method for crystal sheet; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the crystal sheet manufacturing apparatus.    preheating zone (1)    relay zone (2)    crystal-growth zone (3)    conveyance belt (5)    crucible (7)    molten silicon (8)    rotary holder (9)    relay stage (10)    substrate (13)    rotary shaft (16)
NOVELTY - A gas introduction group (8) introduces gas selected from chlorine, silicon tetrachloride, boron trichloride, dichlorodifluoromethane, boron bromide, bromine, methane, argon, hydrogen, helium, hydrogen bromide, and hydrogen iodide, into chamber (2). Electric power is supplied to the shroud in the chamber, such that plasma is generated in the chamber to remove sediments deposited on the shroud.    USE - For manufacturing wafer (claimed) e.g. gallium and arsenic substrate, silicon substrate, sapphire substrate, gallium nitride substrate, used in semiconductor laser, semiconductor light emitting diode and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the shroud is cleaned using the generated plasma, the immense time and labor for cleaning the shroud is prevented and thus wafer of high quality is manufactured in short time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) molecular beam epitaxy apparatus cleaning method;    (2) wafer; and    (3) wafer manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of molecular beam epitaxy apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Growth chamber (2)    Shroud (3)    Molecular beam cell (5)    RF electric power unit (6)    Gas introduction group (8)
NOVELTY - The separated layers (4a,4b) are provided at the main surface and opposing main surface of a ceramic porous flat support (2). The fluid flow path is formed by the main and opposing main surfaces. The component in the fluid permeating through the separated layers from flat support side (7), is discharged.    USE - For water-treatment plant, dehydration plant, desalination plant, power station, fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The recovery efficiency of transmissive fluid is high. Achieves excellent mechanical reliability which does not destroy operation in high pressure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fluid separation module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the fluid separation filter.    flat support (2)    separated layers (4a,4b)    flat support side (7)    discharge directions (A-D)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion apparatus has aluminum layer (1) as electrode, on which several crystalline conductive silicon particles (3) are arranged. An insulation layer (2) is provided between the particles. A semiconductor layer (4) of different conductivity is formed on the silicon particles. A cyanide layer (6) is formed on the crystalline silicon particle surface and aluminum layer surface.    USE - For solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation of crystalline silicon particle surface and aluminum layer surface is prevented, recombination of particles are decreased. Hence conversion efficiency and reliability of photoelectric conversion apparatus are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of photoelectric conversion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Aluminum layer (1)    Insulating layer (2)    Crystalline silicon particles (3)    Semiconductor portion (4)    Cyanide layer (6)
NOVELTY - Source gas containing silicon and carbon and non-silicon, non-carbon group gas are heated separately with heat catalyst (103). Gas emitted through hollow portion of tubular antenna electrode installed in film production room, is deposited on substrate (109). Gas exhaust port (201a) attached to wall surface of film production room, exists in longitudinal direction with respect to antenna electrode.    USE - For catalytic plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition of thin film e.g. amorphous silicon film, crystalline silicon film, thin film silicon solar cell, used for photoelectric converter such as photodiode, image sensor, X-ray panel, photoreceptor e.g. photoconductive drum and display apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The thickness distribution of the thin film and film-quality distribution are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) thin-film;    (2) thin-film device; and    (3) thin-film processing system    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a catalytic plasma enhanced chemical vapor depositing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Non-silicon non-carbon group gas supply port (102)    Heat catalyst (103)    Plasma (105)    Substrate (109)    Gas exhaust port (201a)
NOVELTY - Silicon and hydrogen gases pass through a gas inlet tube acting as antenna electrode and another inlet tube (106b), respectively, and are heated with catalyst (103). Hydrogen gas is decomposed and activated by plasma (105) generated by high frequency power unit connected to tube (106b). Silicon film is formed on substrate (109) arranged facing the inlet tubes, in filming space.    USE - The method is used for forming silicon films (claimed) in the manufacture of thin-film devices (claimed) such as photo electric conversion apparatus e.g. solar cell; photo receptor apparatus and thin-film displays.    ADVANTAGE - Silicon film of uniform thickness is formed on the substrate, by the uniform generation of plasma, and high productivity is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (a) silicon film;    (b) thin film device; and    (c) silicon film processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a catalytic plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Catalyst (103)    Plasma (105)    Chamber (113)    Hydrogen gas inlet tube (106b)    Substrate (109)
NOVELTY - Gas containing silicon and carbon and gas which does not contain silicon and carbon, are heated with a heating catalyst (103) in a hollow structure (114a) of an antenna electrode (106a). The gas is decomposed and activated by plasma (105) generated using a high frequency electric power supply unit (107) connected with the electrode, and a cooling pipe (211) is provided for cooling the electrode.    USE - For catalytic plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (Cat-PECVD) for formation of film (claimed) such as amorphous or crystalline silicon film, carbon film, silicon-nitrogen film, silicon-oxygen film and silicon-germanium film in manufacture of thin film device (claimed) such as solar cell, photoreceptor apparatus, display apparatus, photodiode, image sensor and X-ray panel.    ADVANTAGE - Achieves uniform plasma generation, and forms a high quality homogeneous film of uniform thickness easily and rapidly, by cooling the antenna electrode with the cooling pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) film;    (2) thin film device; and    (3) film processing system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view explaining the implementation of Cat-PECVD in antenna electrode. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heating catalyst (103)    Plasma (105)    Antenna electrode (106a)    High frequency electric power supply unit (107)    Hollow structure of antenna electrode (114a)    Cooling pipe (211)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide porous membrane (3) is formed on a transparent electrically conductive film (2') of an anode. The membrane holds the pigment, which is covered by wavelength conversion microparticle phosphor layer (8). The phosphor layer is provided over the metal oxide thin film (2) of the cathode through oxidation reduction electrolyte (4) and platinum or carbon layer (5).    USE - Pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Enlarges photoelectric conversion wavelength range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of a pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    Transparent electrically conductive films (2, 2')    Metal oxide porous film (3)    Oxidation reduction electrolyte (4)    Platinum or carbon film (5)    Wavelength conversion microparticle phosphor layer (8)
NOVELTY - The transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid comprises indium compound, tin compound, and has alkali metal content below 2 mass ppm.    USE - For liquid crystal display, electroluminescence display, surface heat generator, touch panel electrode and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrically conductive film is formed easily. The film improves reliability of the device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of substrate with transparent electrically conductive film formed by chemical thermal decomposition method, directly or through an intermediate film, using the film formation liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the measurement result by ESCA of the substrate with transparent electrically conductive film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer material consists of an electron-accepting compound and an electron donor laminated on an electroconductive substrate. The electron accepting compound and electron donor forms a host-guest complex with the host.    USE - Used for optoelectric transducer.    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer material has excellent photoelectric conversion property. The electron donor and electron accepting compounds are formed into thin films without impairing original character.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of optoelectric transducer material. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A small hydrogen storage tank (1) has a content-volume portion (5) in which hydrogen occlusion alloy (8) is held. The storage tank consists of plastic material, and the ratio of volume content (V in cm3) and outer-surface area (A in cm2), is 1 or less.    USE - For fuel cells as electric power unit of portable electronic device such as mobile telephone, digital camera, portable music apparatus and personal digital assistant.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen storage tank enables weight reduction of portable electronic device. The hydrogen storage tank is safe and has excellent hydrogen absorption-and-release property and durability, and is obtained at reduced cost using simple process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of small hydrogen storage tank, which involves integrating units for tanks comprising thermoplastic material by laser welding or ultrasonic welding, and setting as tank with ratio of volume content and surface area of 1 or less.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section top view of small hydrogen storage tank.    small hydrogen storage tank (1)    content-volume portion (5)    outer-surface portion (6)    hydrogen occlusion alloy powder (8)
NOVELTY - A weather resistance coating material (104) like silicone is provided covering the solar cell (102) and bus bar electrode (103). The electrode is disconnected in the coated range without coating material, when solar cells in the array (201) are exchanged. A portion of the materials (140a,140b) adjacent to the disconnection locations (A,B) is peeled. Repair of electrode is carried out at the peeled portion.    USE - For repairing solar cell arrays used in reconstruction structures such as residence and buildings for solar power generation along with thermal, hydroelectric and nuclear power generations.    ADVANTAGE - Clearing work property of solar cell is sharply improved as the bus bar electrode and electrical connection of solar cell for exchange are performed using exposed surface of bus bar electrode. Therefore it is possible to reduce time and effort in exchanging process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The weather resistance coating material is provided at the light receiving surface of the bus bar electrode. The electrical connection of each solar cell is carried out to common main wire.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of solar cell array.    solar cell (101)    photovoltaic cell (102)    bus bar electrode (103)    weather resistance coating material (104,104a,104b)    solar cell array (201)
NOVELTY - An optoelectronic element comprises high molecular compound which contains repeating unit of preset formula. The number average molecular weight of polystyrene conversion of high molecular compound is 103-108.    USE - For use as light emitting element, switching element, optoelectric transducer, solar cell and photosensor, used for sheet like light source, segment display device, dot matrix display device and liquid crystal display (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The opto-electronic element is effectively used as light emitting element, switching element and opto-electric transducer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optoelectronic element comprises high molecular compound (C) which contains repeating unit of formula (1). The number average molecular weight of polystyrene conversion of high molecular compound is 10 to the power of 3-10 to the power of 8.    R1 and R2 = H, alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, aryalkyl, aryl alkoxy, aryl alkkenyl, aryl alkynyl, substituted silyl, alkylamino, aryl amino, univalent heterocyclic group, (un)substituted carboxyl or cyano.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) sheet like light source;    (2) segment display device;    (3) dot matrix display device; and    (4) liquid crystal display.
NOVELTY - A solar cell is obtained by hydrophilic processing of a transparent electroconductive film (I) (cathode), on a transparent resin board (I), forming a photocatalyst layer, impregnating pigment sensitizer, pinching electrolyte liquid layer and forming another transparent resin board (II) with a transparent electroconductive film (anode). The photocatalyst layer is formed by applying an aqueous solution of titanium oxide.    USE - Used as a solar cell on the roof of a residence.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is lightweight, economical and eco-friendly, and can be bake processed at low temperature. The solar cell is provided on roof of residence to prevent reinforcement of buildings.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the processing of the solar cell by corona discharge treatment.    Base material (10)    Processing surface (10s)    Corona discharge treatment apparatus (20)
NOVELTY - Solar cell has texture layer (3), lower electrode (4), photoelectric converting layer (5), and upper electrode (6), which are formed sequentially on the substrate (2). The texture layer comprises silicon group polymer having structure of silsesquioxane comprising specific unit. The texture layer has roughness towards the surface, which opposes the photoelectric converting layer.    USE - As solar cell for several electronic devices, such as electronic tabletop calculator, and portable electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has excellent conversion efficiency due to the presence of texture structure, and the photoelectric converting layer prevents deterioration of texture structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Solar cell has texture layer (3), lower electrode (4), photoelectric converting layer (5), and upper electrode (6), which are formed sequentially on the substrate (2). The texture layer has roughness towards the surface, which opposes the photoelectric converting layer. The texture layer comprises silicon group polymer having structure of silsesquioxane comprising unit of formula (I).    R = H, methyl or phenyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of the solar cell.    Substrate (2)    Texture layer (3)    Lower electrode (4)    Photoelectric converting layer (5)    Upper electrode (6)
NOVELTY - A polymer composite contains a mono-layer carbon nanotube or multi-layer carbon nanotube and a linear conjugated system polymer.    USE - As semiconductor raw material, for transistor, solar cell, sensor, conductor raw materials, antielectrostatic material, electrode material and conductive paint.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer composite has excellent dispersibility of carbon nanotube.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the film-like polymer composite.
NOVELTY - The electric traction drive for a vehicle has a fuel cell (2) having at least two electrodes (9,10) and an electrolytic diaphragm (11) between the electrodes. The diaphragm has proton conductive charges in its thickness following a concentration gradient to concentrate the liquid water produced by the fuel cell on one of the electrodes. The concentrated water is evacuated from the pile by an electrode outlet.    USE - For fuel cell vehicle drives.    ADVANTAGE - Allows increased temperature below the gas outlet of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Claims include a method of operating the fuel cell drive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Drawing shows control circuit for motor vehicle fuel cell.    Fuel cell (2)    Electrodes (9,10)    Electrolytic diaphragm (11)
NOVELTY - An optical measuring system for water in a Membrane Electrode Arrangement (MEA) has one or more optical fibres located on or in the MEA, a light source, and at least one light measurement detector. A measured amount of light is transmitted from the source to the detector via the optical fibres, which at least partially interact with their environment.    USE - Hydrogen fuel cells in mobile vehicles. Steam / vapor detection.    ADVANTAGE - Interaction of a relatively large area of optical fibre with a representative area of the cell to accurately detect water-logging.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The difference between the transmitted and received light quantities is proportional to the water content. The surface of the optical fibres may be modified e.g. by abrasion, to enhance the interaction.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIMS is included for the method of measuring water in an MEA.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure shows a bundle of optical glass fibres which are distributed to monitor an area of an MEA.
NOVELTY - A terminal plate for an electrochemical cell, comprises a metal plate having a manifold region with an aperture to permit the passage of a fluid; and corrosion resistant coating applied to at least a portion of the manifold region including the aperture.    USE - For electrochemical cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack comprising the terminal plate has no evidence of any aluminum substrate corrosion at any location on the terminal plate. There is no contamination of the flow channels.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a method of producing a terminal plate for an electrochemical cell, comprising applying a corrosion resistant coating to at least a portion of the manifold region of metal plate including the aperture; and    (2) a method of producing a fuel cell stack, comprising providing a terminal plate, endplate having a connection port to permit the passage of a fluid, and fitting to be attached to the connection port; surface treating the fitting to form a passive coating; and attaching the fitting to the connection port.
NOVELTY - Metal nanoparticles are produced by providing a precursor composition having metallic compound(s) and organic compound(s), and heating precursor the composition under conditions to produce metal nanoparticles. The organic compound is ethynyl compound, and/or metal-ethynyl complex. The precursor composition is a liquid or solid at room temperature.    USE - The invention is for producing metal nanoparticle used in making magnetic semiconductor, superconductor, magnetoresistive material, fiber, shaped article, powder, film, data storage medium, drug delivery system, microelectronic device, electrode, fuel cell electrode, ferrofluid, battery, magnetic component, electrical component, sensor, and photovoltaic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The invention provides metal nanoparticles in bulk.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a metal nanoparticle composition comprising metal nanoparticles dispersed homogeneously in a matrix from ethynyl polymer, crosslinked ethynyl polymer, amorphous carbon, nanotubes, carbon nanoparticles, and/or graphite.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates X-ray reflection scans of FePd and Fe3Pd nanoparticles.
NOVELTY - Manufacture of a filter for hydrogen production comprises: a through-hole closing process on a conductive, copper plating process, a film-forming process in which a palladium alloy is plated on the conductive substrate, and a selective etching process.    USE - The filter is used in a reformer for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The filter enables the production of high purity hydrogen gas by a stable process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacture of a filter for hydrogen production comprises:    (1) a through-hole closing process by providing a metal plate on one surface of a conductive substrate having many through-holes via a magnet;    (2) a copper plating process which fills the through holes by forming a copper plating layer on the conductive substrate and the metal plate exposed in the through holes, from the conductive substrate surface side on which the metal plate is not provided;    (3) a film-forming process which forms a Pd alloy film by plating on the conductive substrate after removing the metal plate; and    (4) a process for removing the copper plating layer by selective etching.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a thin film supporting substrate which has a metal substrate, columnar projecting parts formed on one surface of the metal plate and through holes which penetrate the metal substrate at a non-formation site of the columnar projections where the area of the columnar projection non-formation sites is 20-90% of the non-formation surface side.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - Figure 5 shows the thin film support substrate.    Thin film supporting substrate (51)    Metal plate (52)    Non-formation site of projections (52a)    Columnar projection part (53)    Through holes (54)
NOVELTY - Desulfurization of liquid hydrocarbons comprises using a metal desulfurizing agent under specified conditions involving operation temperature, operation pressure, and 50% distillation temperature.    USE - Used for the manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells by reforming desulfurized liquid hydrocarbons.    ADVANTAGE - The sulfur content of kerosene can be efficiently lowered without the addition of hydrogen. The lifetime of the desulfurizing agent is prolonged.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The desulfurization conditions satisfy Tcpe/T50 = 1.06 x Pcpe0.44 - 1.78 x Pcpe0.22 (I).    Tcpe = operation temperature (degreesC);    Pcpe = operation pressure (MPa);    T50 = distillation temperature after 50% distillation calculated by the test method for distillation at atmospheric pressure given by JISK 2254.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of hydrogen for fuel cells by reforming desulfurized liquid hydrocarbons.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen generating material and water are weighed and supplied to high-pressure container (1) through a supply port (6). The hydrogen generating material and water are reacted after the supply port is closed, so that target high hydrogen pressure is attained in high-pressure container during reaction.    USE - For producing high-pressure hydrogen used as vehicle for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high-pressure hydrogen is produced by economical and simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for system for producing high-pressure hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the connection between the high-pressure container and fuel cell.    High pressure container (1)    Supply port (6)    Connecting portion (7)    Discharge portion (8)    Fuel cell (13)
NOVELTY - A high efficiency solar cell is capable of reducing process time, improving reproductivity, and minimizing the reflectivity of a substrate by texturing the surface of a polycrystalline silicon wafer regardless of crystal direction using chemical etching for forming the first and second etch pits at the surface of the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high efficiency solar cell is provided with a first conductive type semiconductor substrate (1), a second conductive type semiconductor layer (2) formed at the upper portion of the first conductive type semiconductor substrate, a front electrode (6) formed at the upper portion of the second conductive type semiconductor layer, and a rear electrode (9) formed at the back side of the first conductive type semiconductor substrate. At this time, first etch pits (20) are formed at the light receiving surface of the first conductive type semiconductor substrate and the second etch pits (30) are formed in the first etch pit.
NOVELTY - Each cell (2) is divided in the shape of a quadrangle by a partition wall and is surrounded by an outer wall (3). A pair of straight lines (C D) intersect with the outer surface (7) of the wall such that angle between the line (D) and a diagonal (A) of quadrangle is -25 degrees to +25 degrees. A slit (4) of length at least 60% of the length between the opening edges (8a, 8b), is formed axially in the center of the wall.    USE - Used as a micro-particle collection filter in internal combustion engines, in chemical reactors, as a modifier for fuel cells and as a dust collection filter.    ADVANTAGE - The irregular formation of cracks in the outer surface of the wall during formation of the slits in the outer wall is prevented. A honeycomb structure of desired mechanical strength is formed stably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The outer wall of the cell is formed of a circular cross-section. The diagonal (A) of the quadrangle is set at the center axis (B) of the cells.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the manufacture of a honeycomb structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a perspective view of the honeycomb structure.    cell (2)    outer wall (3)    slit (4)    opening edges (8a,8b)    diagonal (A)    center axis (B)    straight lines (C,D)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen permeable film (2) has portion(s) formed using tantalum alloy containing tantalum as base metal, and one or more metallic elements selected from gold, chromium, iron, platinum, ruthenium and tungsten as addition metal.    USE - For water vapor modifier, for production of hydrogen, e.g. for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The novel hydrogen permeable film exhibits high crack prevention effect, and is manufactured easily and economically. The usage amount of palladium or palladium alloy in the hydrogen permeable film is reduced sharply, which reduces manufacturing costs. Efficient production of hydrogen permeable film without pin holes is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a hydrogen permeable film unit with the above hydrogen permeable film.    hydrogen permeable film unit (1)    hydrogen permeable film (2)    frame (3)    porous support portion (4)    junction portion (5,6)
NOVELTY - The principal portion of hydrogen-ion conduction layer (1) comprises hydrogenation fullerene layer (10) which is distributed to contact only with metal films (4,5) between respective electrode layers (2,3) and hydrogen-ion conduction layer.    USE - For electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Stable performance is achieved as leakage in the fuel cell is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the fuel cell manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of the fuel cell.    hydrogen-ion conduction layer (1)    electrode layer (2,3)    metal film (4,5)    support (6,7)    space (6a,7a)    hydrogenation fullerene layer (10)
NOVELTY - A supply unit (41) supplies methanol aqueous solution stored in a fuel cartridge (30) to a direct-methanol fuel-battery. A recognition unit (90) recognizes mounting of the cartridge to a cartridge mounting unit, when mechanical and electrical connections between a discharge nozzle and an accession unit, and a connecting terminal and a terminal portion, are respectively detected.    USE - For use as electric power unit for portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the mounting state of the fuel cartridge is recognized effectively, the electric power is generated efficiently and useless power consumption is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct methanol fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cartridge (30)    methanol aqueous-solution container (32)    memory (33)    pumps (41,42)    recognition unit (90)
NOVELTY - The residual amount of aqueous methanol solution in the fuel cartridge (30) and the operating-state of direct methanol fuel battery (DMFC) are notified to an electronic device (200) through a communication device (80).    USE - Fuel cell device with direct methanol fuel battery (DMFC) for electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to indicate the actual power generation time in battery to stabilize fuel cell battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of a direct methanol fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell device (10)    DFMC controller (20)    fuel cartridge (30)    solution feed pump (41)    air supply pump (42)    secondary battery (60)    communication unit (80)    DFMC electromotive device (100)    electronic device (200)
NOVELTY - A pair of pumps (41,42) supply methanol aqueous solution and oxygen to a direct-methanol-fuel battery. A controller (20) controls supply capacity of each pump according to the detected temperature of the fuel battery.    USE - For use as electric power unit of portable electronic device e.g. microcomputer.    ADVANTAGE - Since the supply capacity of the pump is controlled effectively, operation efficiency is improved and excess electric power generation is prevented reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct-methanol-fuel battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel-cell device (10)    controller (20)    fuel cartridge (30)    pumps (41,42)    secondary battery (60)
NOVELTY - The electrode catalyst has a support consisting of carbon material containing mesoporous carbon particle in one portion. The support supports the catalyst particle.    USE - For fuel cell e.g. solid polymer electrolyte-type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst particle of electrode catalyst has favorable dispersibility. The pore volume distribution of carbon material having mesoporous particle, is decreased. The network of electron transport is formed efficiently, and internal resistance of fuel cell is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph of partial expanded view illustrating the result of electric power generation test of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The electrolyte film has a through-hole having diameter of 0.01-150 microns, by anodizing a metal film or silicon film. The through-hole has modified proton conductive functional group, in inner wall.    USE - For fuel cells using hydrogen or methanol as fuel.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte film has high proton selectively and high energy generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure and operation of PEFC type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A novel normal temperature fused salt is claimed.    USE - For electrochemical device (claimed) such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fused salt has excellent ionic conductivity and stability in atmospheric conditions. The electrochemical device has high performance and high safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The novel normal temperature fused salt is of formula (I).    (RredoxNR1R2R3)+X- (I)    Rredox = functional organic group having oxidation reduction property;    R1-R3 = alkyl, haloalkyl, alkoxy or optionally substituted aryl, aralkyl or alkoxyalkyl;    X- = BF4-, PF6-, CF3COO-, RaSO3-, nitrate ion, F(HF)n-, aliphatic carboxylic acid ion containing acetic acid ion, aromatic carboxylic acid ion containing benzoic acid ion, tetraalkyl borane such as (C2H5)3B(RcC6H13-) or anion of formula R1aY1N-Y2R2a(II);    Ra = alkyl, alkenyl, aryl or aralkyl group optionally substituted by fluorine atom;    R1a, R2a = alkyl, alkenyl, cycloalkyl, aryl or aralkyl group optionally substituted by fluorine atom; and    Y1, Y2 = SO2 or CO.    R1 and R2 together with nitrogen atom optionally form a nitrogen containing cyclic group of 5-8 membered ring.
NOVELTY - A water chamber (7) attached to a transparent solar cell (3), has an optical semiconductor (4) which splits water (9).    USE - Sunlight hybrid module for generating hydrogen used as fuel in electric power generation by solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the utilization efficiency of solar cell energy, by providing optical semiconductor in water chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front view of the sunlight hybrid module.    sunlight (1)    transparent solar cell (3)    optical semiconductor (4)    water chamber (7)    water (9)
NOVELTY - A sensor (3) measures the oxygen concentration in waste gas output from burner (21). A feedback controller controls the flow amount setting value of the air supplied to burner based on measured value. The flow amount of air supplied to burner, is controlled based on the feedback controlled setting value.    USE - Fuel-cell electric power generation system equipped with combustion-air flow-rate controller for stabilizing burner combustion of modifier.    ADVANTAGE - Stabilizes the burner combustion of modifier with respect to disturbances such as flow amount of burner waste gas, fluctuation of component, fluctuation of hydrogen utilization efficiency of the fuel cell, without the need of large scale hydrogen densitometer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structural block diagram of a combustion-airflow rate controller. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electric current sensor (1)    Fuel flow amount estimator (2)    Oxygen concentration sensor (3)    Multiplier (4)    Deviation calculator (5)    Converter (7)    Adder (8)    Multiplier (9)    Air flow amount controller (10)
NOVELTY - A precursor thin film is formed on a substrate by supplying IB, IIIB and VIB group elements. The formed precursor film is heat processed in an atmosphere containing VIB group element to form a compound semiconductor thin film. The precursor thin film is formed by supplying indium (as IIIB group element) and then gallium (as IIIB group element) and IB group element, alternately.    USE - For manufacturing thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms compound semiconductor thin film at low cost and reduces heat processing time. Segregation of gallium in thickness direction of compound semiconductor film is effectively suppressed. Uniform distribution of gallium in thickness direction is enabled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The IB group element is copper and/or silver. The VIB group element is selenium and/or sulfur.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional view of precursor thin film.    Substrate (1)    Electrically conductive film (2)    Indium layer (3)    Copper-gallium layer (4)    Precursor thin film (5)
NOVELTY - Liquid fuel contains a viscosity regulator such as cellulose ether, agar and gelatin.    USE - For portable electronic devices e.g. computer, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Suppresses the polarization of the positive electrode, irrespective of amount of methanol and electrolyte film thickness. Hence output characteristic is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph representing concentration of methanol and measured output characteristics. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Indium stannic acid compound, tin oxide or zinc oxide is vapor deposited on a substrate. Simultaneously, molecular positive ion of oxygen is irradiated on the substrate, to obtain a transparent electroconductive film.    USE - For manufacturing transparent electroconductive film for solar cell, organic electroluminescent device and flat-panel display device.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electroconductive film with excellent smoothness and low specific resistance, is obtained without heating substrate. Both amorphous and crystalline type films are manufactured easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows X-ray diffraction spectrum of glass substrate having indium-tin oxide film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Grain-shaped metallic crystals are taken in a pot (1), melted and solidified in an atmosphere containing oxygen, and subjected to single crystal formation. The pot consists of a material having specific resistance of 1 MOhm.cm or less.    USE - For formation of silicon particles used for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves crystallization rate of metallic particles, maintains homogeneity of grain-shaped metallic crystals, and increases productivity. The method forms grain-shaped silicon single crystals having high crystallinity at low cost with high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing apparatus of grain-shaped single crystal.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacturing apparatus of grains-shaped metal single crystal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pot (1)    Block (4)
NOVELTY - A water vapor flow amount calculator (240) calculates present flow amount of water vapor to a reformation unit (40), based on detection signal from a water vapor flow amount sensor (242). The air and original fuel target flow amount determination units (250,260) determine target flow amount of air and fuel to the reformation unit, based on the calculation result.    USE - Fuel reformer used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to supply mixture of air, original fuel and water vapor, at preset ratio, to the reformation unit, reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A water pump (122) is controlled based on target flow amount of water vapor calculated in accordance with requirement amount of hydrogen gas. The air pump (130) and original fuel pump (112) are controlled based on the their respective target values.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pumps (112,122,130)    Reformation unit (40)    Sensor (242)    Determination units (250,260)
NOVELTY - A solar cell system has a solar cell (2) having a light-receiving surface supported by a transparent substrate (1). A coating film (7) is formed by applying and drying a coating material containing a tetrafunctional silicone resin and hollow silica microparticles, on the surface(s) of the transparent substrate. The microparticles have a cavity formed inside the outer covering.    USE - Used for converting light energy or artificial light into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell system has good conversion efficiency. The coating film can be formed by brush coating, spray coating, dip coating, roll coating, flow coating, curtain coating, knife coating, spin coating, table coating, sheet coating, paper-leaf coating, die coating or bar coating. The mechanical strength of the coating film is improved by the presence of solid silica microparticle. The cross-linking density in the coating film is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell system has a solar cell (2) having a light-receiving surface supported by a transparent substrate (1). A coating film (7) is formed by applying and drying a coating material containing a tetrafunctional silicone resin and hollow silica microparticles, on the surface(s) of the transparent substrate. The resin contains partially-hydrolyzed material and/or hydrolysis substance of a tetrafunctional hydrolyzable organosilane (SiX4, where X is a hydrolyzable group). The microparticles have cavities formed inside the outer covering.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the solar-cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Transparent substrate (1)    Solar-cell cell (2)    Transparent packing material (4)    Reverse-side coat material (5)    Coating film (7)
NOVELTY - A lower electrode (4) is formed at a texture layer (3) formed on a substrate (2). A photoelectric-converting layer (5) and an upper electrode (6) are formed on the lower electrode in an order. The texture layer consists of a rough surface having recesses and convex portions arranged in a regular sequence.    USE - Solar cell for electronic device such as tabletop calculator, clock, camera, mobile telephone, non-commercial radar contact machine and remote control.    ADVANTAGE - The texture layer improves the transformation efficiency of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the structure of the solar cell.    substrate (2)    texture layer (3)    lower electrode (4)    photoelectric-converting layer (5)    upper electrode (6)
NOVELTY - The solar cell consists of lower electrode (4), photoelectric conversion layer (5) and upper electrode (6) arranged in sequence on a flexible organic substrate (2) comprising regular corrugated texture.    USE - For use as electric power unit of electronic devices such as electronic table top calculator, clock, camera, mobile, telephone, non-commercial radar contact machine and remote control.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is inexpensive and has flexible design property, and enhanced energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell.    substrate (2)    lower electrode (4)    photoelectric conversion layer (5)    lower electrode (6)
NOVELTY - A substrate (2) has texture layer (3) on its surface. The layer consists of corrugation including recess and convex portions which are arranged sequentially, such that it satisfies following relationships WP/DD = 0.5-6.0, WD/DD = 0.5-10.0, DD = 0.05-5 mum, where WD is width of recess, WP is width of convex portion and DD is depth of recess.    USE - For electronic device such as electronic table-top calculator, watch, portable electronic device such as camera, mobile telephone, non-commercial radar contact machine and remote control.    ADVANTAGE - The texture layer arrangement improves conversion efficiency of solar cell. Thereby provides a cheaper solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell structure.    substrate (2)    texture layer (3)    lower electrode (4)    photoelectric converting layer (5)    upper electrode (6)
NOVELTY - The sealing agents (12a,12b) comprising a sealing resin and weather-resistant resin, is adhered on elongate sheet having patterns of serial connection structured solar unit after attaching terminals for external connection to the sheet. The elongate sheet is laminated using laminator (22), and a specific sealing agent is adhered to laminated sheet cut to predetermined size for obtaining modularized solar cell.    USE - For manufacturing solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Solar cell module is manufactured effectively at reduced cost and reduced labor, by using simple and reliable solar cell module manufacturing method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell module manufacturing procedure. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Unit solar cell (10)    Sealing agents (12a-12b)    Elongate sheet roll (15)    Elongate sheet (16)    Terminal attachment apparatus (17)    Laminator (22)    Cutting apparatus (23)
NOVELTY - The pressure of supplied liquefied fuel gas is increased by heating the vaporizer (4) and a portion of gas is supplied to a reformer (2) and combustor (3), when the internal pressure of vaporizer is decreased to set pressure. The heating of vaporizer is stopped, when internal pressure reaches set lower limit, to stop gas supply to combustor after switching the connection of vaporizer with combustor.    USE - For liquefied fuel gas reforming system.    ADVANTAGE - The high and low pressure reformed gas is stably and continuously discharged using simple configuration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the liquefied fuel gas reformation system.    gas supply source (1)    reformer (2)    combustor (3)    vaporizer (4)    line (10)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion element is manufactured using an electrode made of a metal or its oxide which combines with and/or absorbs a compound. The compound is at least one phthalocyanine compound having at least one sulfur atom as substituent.    USE - As photoelectric conversion element.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion element has excellent weathering property and photoelectric conversion property at near-infrared area.
NOVELTY - A printing paste is formed by dispersing 20-200 weight parts (wt.pts) of oxide semiconductor and 0.3-30 wt.pts of hydroxy propyl cellulose in 100 wt.pts of a dispersion medium. The paste is screen printed on a conductive layer of a transparent conductive substrate, and baked to form a semiconductor porous membrane.    USE - For manufacturing semiconductor porous membrane and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The paste has excellent printing property, preferably screen printing, and effectively forms solar cell and semiconductor porous membrane.
NOVELTY - Clathrate complex (I) that releases hydrogen when calcined comprises one molecule of sodium borohydride per structural unit of a sodalite-type aluminosilicate matrix.    USE - (I) is useful as a hydrogen reservoir for hydrogenation reactions, controlled combustion processes and fuel cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) releases hydrogen according to the following chemical equation when heated at 300-500degreesC in air: The aluminosilicate matrix completely protects the sodium borohydride from hydrolysis by atmospheric moisture and oxidation by atmospheric oxygen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Clathrate complex of formula (I) that releases hydrogen when calcined comprises one molecule of sodium borohydride per structural unit of a sodalite-type aluminosilicate matrix:
NOVELTY - A non-noble transition metal catalyst is prepared by dissolving selenium and ruthenium carbon monoxide in an organic solvent; refluxing the organic solvent; obtaining a precipitate; and heating the precipitate at at least 500degreesC under an inert atmosphere.    USE - Used for preparing a non-noble transition metal catalyst for the oxidation-reduction reaction for electrochemical fuel cell for electrochemical fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The process produces a non-noble transition metal catalyst with enhanced catalytic activity in environmentally friendly and cost effective manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure illustrates the oxygen reduction current as a function of the applied potential.
NOVELTY - A porous coating is sintered on an open-structure substrate (100) by mixing a coating material (122) with a binder to form a paste, applying the paste to a first side of the substrate, and heating the paste layer to form a porous coating (130).    USE - Used for sintering a porous coating on an open-structure substrate used in fuel cell applications.    ADVANTAGE - The process eliminates an expensive and time-consuming etching step after sintering.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Sintering a porous coating on an open-structure substrate comprises selecting an open-structure with openings (106) of desired sizes, the substrate having a first and a second side; mixing a coating material with a binder to form a paste having a viscosity high enough to prevent the paste from dripping through the openings on the open-structure substrate; applying the paste to the first side of the substrate to form a paste layer of a desired thickness; and heating the paste layer at a sintering temperature for a period to form a porous coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the open-structure substrate.    Open-structure substrate (100)    Openings (106)    Coating material (122)    Porous coating (130)    Catalytic coating (140)
NOVELTY - An electrocatalytic reformer (ECR) element formed of electrically conductive material, has a catalytically coated surface. The ECR element is electrically heated to promote endothermic reactions which are catalyzed by the catalytically coated surface of the material.    USE - For chemical conversion of liquid, vapor or gaseous hydrocarbon to hydrogen-rich synthesized gas for use in fuel cell such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell for vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the ECR element is electrically heated to promote endothermic reaction, the hydrogen-rich synthesized gas is effectively generated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of chemically converting hydrocarbon to generate hydrogen-rich synthesized gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the chemical conversion apparatus.    electrocatalytic reformer (62)    fuel cell stack (64)    water and methanol supplying units (68,70)    heat exchanger (78)    catalytic burner (82)
NOVELTY - The temperature of a thermally initiated hydrogen fuel source is raised by applying radio frequency (RF) energy using RF generation system (42).    USE - For generating hydrogen for fuel cell such as proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cell, alkaline fuel cell (AFC), phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC), solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) and molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), to provide DC voltage to power motor, light and other electrical appliances.    ADVANTAGE - The release of hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, is controlled by controlling RF energy application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) chemical mixture combining method;    (2) chemical reactor apparatus;    (3) fuel cell cartridge; and    (4) fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the chemical mixture heating system.    hydrogen gas generating system (40)    RF generation system (42)    chemical mixture pod (44)    gas manifold (46)
NOVELTY - Deposits in a fuel vaporizer are controlled by introducing a liquid hydrocarbon containing a nitrogen-containing detergent additive into a fuel vaporizer.    USE - For controlling deposits in a fuel vaporizer of a fuel reformer used to prepare a liquid hydrocarbon for use as a fuel in a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively controls the formation of deposits in a fuel vaporizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel composition comprising a liquid hydrocarbon having a boiling range of 77-437degreesF, a total sulfur content of less than 3 ppm, an octane rating of less than 85 (R+M)/2.
NOVELTY - A backskin (14) comprising ionomer/nylon alloy sheet faces one of the surfaces of the front support layer and is bonded to a transparent encapsulant containing a zinc ionomer and the silicon solar cells (6). The melting point of the ionomer nylon alloy containing 42 wt.% of ionomer and 58 wt.% of nylon is 200degreesC.    USE - Used as a laminated solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The backskin comprising the alloy sheet is a tough and commercially available product. The backskin is laminated without altering the laminating procedures and without being pierced by mechanical components, while providing strong and stable bond with the ionomer encapsulant and increasing life time of the module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an assembly for forming a laminated solar cell module under heat and pressure;    (2) solar cell module manufacture; and    (3) a photovoltaic module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an exploded schematic representation of components of the solar cell module.    transparent front panel (2)    light transmitting encapsulant layers (4,12)    silicon solar cells (6)    porous scrim sheet (10)    backskin (14)
NOVELTY - A power generator (13) comprises a fuel cell (1) and auxiliary engines (14,1 5) which are operated selectively based on set conditions. A rotary blade is operated using the fuel cell based on the anchorage state of the vessel.    USE - Used for electric power generation using a solid oxide-type fuel cell, to operate various electrical equipment, such as blowers or air conditioners installed in marine vessels, e.g. cargo ships or tankers.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of environment pollution is eliminated even during anchorage, as the noise and vibration are suppressed due to effective use of fuel cell energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic outline of an electric power system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell (1)    vessel (10)    diesel engine (12)    electric power generator (13)    auxiliary engines (14, 15)
NOVELTY - The unit cell (20) is arranged at the outer surface of an electrolyte layer (23) which surrounds a fuel electrode (21). The liquid fuel supply unit (30) having permeation structure, is connected to a liquid fuel storage layer which supplies fuel to each unit cell.    USE - For supplying electricity to portable electronic device such as mobile telephone and notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the fuel cell reaction efficiency, by virtue of fuel cell structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional and perspective views of the fuel unit cell.    fuel cell storage tank (10)    unit cell (20)    fuel electrode (21)    electrolyte layer (23)    liquid fuel supply unit (30)
NOVELTY - Fuel storage unit (5) supplies the methanol aqueous solution to a cell stack (10). A temperature control unit (6) provided between the fuel storage unit and the cell stack, increases the temperature of the methanol aqueous solution being supplied to the cell stack, during starting.    USE - For electric power unit of portable electronic device and computer used in cold regions.    ADVANTAGE - Performs smooth starting of the device, by increasing the solution temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for operating method of direct methanol type fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the direct methanol type fuel cell system.    fuel storage unit (5)    temperature raising unit (6)    bypass flow path (7)    cell stack (10)
NOVELTY - The output of several photovoltaic cells (1) are connected in parallel to inverter (3) through direct current (DC) converter (2) which increases the DC voltage output from the corresponding photovoltaic cells.    USE - Solar power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces the cost of the whole solar power generation system, since no serial connection is provided and used of bypass diode is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the solar power generation system.    photovoltaic cells (1)    direct current converter (2)    inverter (3)    load (4)    main electric system (5)
NOVELTY - A gas phase reaction of silicon tetrachloride and zinc is performed in reaction furnace (20) maintained at 907-1410degreesC, to obtain high-purity polycrystalline silicon. The supply of reactive gas to the furnace is stopped and silicon crystals are precipitated. The precipitated crystals are melted at 1410-1600degreesC, and solidified or recrystallized in melting-pot isochore device, to obtain polycrystalline silicon.    USE - For manufacture of high-purity polycrystalline silicon used for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method produces high-purity polycrystalline silicon continuously and economically, on large scale. The polycrystalline silicon obtained by the method has excellent stability and energy efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A gas phase reaction of silicon tetrachloride and zinc is performed in reaction furnace maintained at 907-1410degreesC, to obtain high-purity polycrystalline silicon. The supply of reactive gas to the reaction furnace is stopped and silicon crystals are precipitated. The precipitated crystals are melted at 1410-1600degreesC. The molten solution is then transferred to a melting-pot isochore device, and solidified or recrystallized again below melting point, to obtain polycrystalline silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of the reactor used for manufacture of polycrystalline silicon.    reactor (1)    reaction furnace (2)    mist separator (3)    cooler (4)    heater (8)
NOVELTY - The substrate (C1) is partitioned into a main-surface portion (1) and a peripheral portion (2). A plate-shaped object made of semiconductor material such as silicon and grows in the main-surface portion. Several corrugations are formed in the peripheral portion where growth of the plate-shaped object is restrained. The main-surface portion and peripheral portion are formed of different shape and material.    USE - For use during manufacturing of plate-shaped object used for producing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The need for cutting the plate-shaped object is prevented, contributing to achieve cost reductions. Enables cheap manufacturing of solar cell using a sheet of silicon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) manufacturing method for plate-shaped object; plate-shaped object; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective view of substrate and sectional view of a portion of the substrate.    main-surface portion (1)    peripheral portion (2)    substrate (C)
NOVELTY - The thin-film solar cell is added with valence electron controlling agent which supplies electric charge contrary to N-type layer (4), to the surface direction growth range of a light active layer (5) showing neutrality as N-type layer.    USE - Thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The utilization efficiency of light is improved by adding the valence electron controlling agent and conversion efficiency is also improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the thin-film solar cell.    glass substrate (1)    metal electrode layer (2)    reflective increase layer (3)    N-type layer (4)    light active layer (5)    P-type layer (6)    transparent electrode (7)
NOVELTY - A thin-film solid rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell (10) is stacked on a silicon solar cell (15) formed on a transparent substrate (14) through an insulating layer (16).    USE - Used as a solar cell composite thin-film solid rechargeable lithium-ion secondary battery used in portable electronic devices such as digital stop watches and clocks, and also used in fluorescent lamps fixed to ceilings of house interiors.    ADVANTAGE - A compact solar cell composite thin-film solid rechargeable lithium-ion secondary battery is achieved by providing a lithium-ion battery cell stacked on a silicon solar cell formed on the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the a solar cell composite thin-film solid rechargeable lithium-ion secondary battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    thin-film solid rechargeable lithium-ion battery cell (10)    silicon nitride film (11)    transparent substrate (14)    silicon solar cell (15)    insulating layer (16)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell supplies an oxidizing agent to an oxidizing agent electrode, and generates electric power. A liquid fuel supplied to fuel electrode, and portion(s) of gas emitted from inactive gas or an inactive fuel electrode with respect to a fuel electrode are circulated to the fuel channel (2) of the fuel-electrode side.    USE - As fuel cell, such as direct methanol fuel battery, for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell equalizes the fuel supply to a fuel electrode, by reducing distribution of the fuel flow rate in the fuel channel. A highly efficient electric power generation is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of the state in which a fuel is circulated to a fuel channel.    Plate (1)    Fuel channel (2)    Supply hole (7a)    Gas previous substrate (9)    Suction-fluid base material (10)
NOVELTY - A modification catalyst layer (35) modifies the raw material into reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide (CO). The CO transformation layers (36,37) converts the carbon dioxide into CO. A burner heats the catalyst and transformation layers, where temperature of the transformation layer is controlled based on detected temperature of the transformation layer.    USE - For fuel cell type electric power generation system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The CO poisoning of the fuel cell is suppressed. The performance of the electric power generation system is stabilized. The temperature of the CO transformation layer is uniformly controlled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A return path (21) is provided to eject the non-used gas from the fuel cell, to the burner. A control element is provided in the raw material supply path, to control supply amount of the raw material for combustion into the burner.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel processing method;    (2) fuel cell type electric power generation system which includes supplying heating gas and oxygen into the fuel cell to generate electric power; and electric power generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the fuel treating equipment. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    raw material supply unit (11)    return path (21)    modification catalyst (35)    CO transformation layers (36,37)
NOVELTY - A temperature detector (3) placed between the high heat generation sensor (1) and low heat generation sensor (2), detects the hydrogen concentration and humidity in the gas introduced to the high/low heat generation sensors through gas introduction port (17), and outputs the detection result.    USE - For fuel cell system (claimed) of electric vehicle and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to easily distinguish and detect the hydrogen concentration and humidity in the environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional views of the gas detector. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    high heat generation sensor (1)    low heat generation sensor (2)    temperature detector (3)    pin (10)    circuit board (15)    gas introduction port (17)
NOVELTY - The circulation gas supply lines (35,38) supply the fuel gas and mixed fuel gas to the combustion tube through respective burner port and mixed gas burner port. A flame holding portion which becomes red-hot due to flame produced in combustion tube, is provided at the front-end side of line (35). A drain discharge pipe (43) of combustion tube, is connected to the drain discharge port.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the generation of obstruction at the burner ports and ensures to perform the combustion process in an efficient manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the perspective diagram of burner.    Burner (1)    Circulation gas supply lines (35,38)    Drain discharge pipe (43)    Combustion gas exhaust port (88)
NOVELTY - A supplying unit (4) supplies raw material and hydrogen into container (1). A catalyst (2) heated by heater (3), contacts raw material and hydrogen to perform dehydrogenation of organic hydride in raw material and hydrogenation of aromatic hydrocarbon in hydrogen for generating and absorbing hydrogen respectively. A separator (6) separates hydrogen from reaction product.    USE - For fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen is generated efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The temperature of catalyst and amount of supplying raw material and hydrogen into the container are controlled. The raw material flows through a gap between inner wall surfaces of the cylinder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the hydrogen generation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Container (1)    Catalyst (2)    Heater (3)    Supplying unit (4)    Reaction product outlet path (5)    Hydrogen separation apparatus (6)
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer comprises the oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with methine group pigment (1).    USE - For solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer has high practicability, and conversion efficiency. The transducer has excellent stability and is economically provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optoelectric transducer comprises the oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with methine group pigment of formula (1).    Ar = optionally substituted aromatic ring or heterocyclic ring;    A1-A3 = H, or substituent;    R1,R2 = H or substituent;    X = optionally substituted aromatic-hydrocarbon residue or heterocyclic residue; and    n = 0-4.    When n is 2 or more, A1 or A2 carry out multiple existence and optionally coupled with each other to form a ring. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solar cell using the optoelectric transducer; and    (2) oxide semiconductor microparticle sensitized with the methine group pigment.
NOVELTY - The hydrogen from a supply tank (3) is supplied to a hydrogen occlusion alloy tank (2) when the temperature (Tfc) of a fuel cell (10) is less than a fixed temperature (To) so as to warm up the fuel cell. The application pressure is set based on warming-up thermal output (Q) per unit time in supply state of hydrogen. The output (Q) is computed based on target warming-up time and difference between Tfc and To.    USE - Used in fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables control of thermal output produced in the hydrogen occlusion alloy, ensuring warming up of fuel cell efficiently in a short time period and suppressing energy loss.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell electric vehicle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Hydrogen occlusion-alloy tank (2)    supply tank (3)    Heat medium route (4,6)    Fuel cell (10)    Shut-off valve (V1-V3)
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer contains oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with a methine group pigment of formula (1).    USE - For solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer has improved conversion efficiency and stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The optoelectric transducer contains the oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with methine group pigment of formula (1).    A1, A2, R2 = H or substituent;    X = O, S, Se, -CRR'-, -CR=CR'- or -NR group; R, R' and R = H or substituent;    Y = organic complex component residue having aromatic hydrocarbon residue with optional substituent except salicylic acid and poly-substituted hydroxybenzene structure, or a substituent;    R1 = optional, and aliphatic hydrocarbon residue, aromatic hydrocarbon residue, heterocyclic residue, each having optional substituent, or hydrogen atom;    R3 = carboxyl, alkoxy carbonyl or aryloxy carbonyl group;    n = 1-4;    m = 0, 1/2 or 1; and    Z = counter-ion.    itrogen atom need not be quaternized. The substituents A1 and A2 coupled together to form a ring.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar cell which is obtained using the optoelectric transducer.
NOVELTY - A temperature compensation element (30) has a oxidation catalyst (31) which generates catalytic reaction selectively with respect to the inhibition gas, such as carbon monoxide contained in waste gas of a vehicle which inhibits detection of hydrogen by hydrogen sensor (15).    USE - For use in fuel cell electric vehicle to detect hydrogen gas leakage.    ADVANTAGE - The influence of the inhibition gas which inhibits hydrogen gas detection, is inhibited.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the contact combustion-type gas sensor.    hydrogen sensor (15)    gas detection chamber (24)    sensing element (29)    temperature compensation element (30)    oxidation catalyst (31)
NOVELTY - A filter (31) transmits gas to be detected into the gas detection chamber (24). An oxidation catalyst (32) oxidizes the inhibition gas other than the gas transmitted by the filter.    USE - Contact combustion type gas sensor such as hydrogen sensor for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The influence of unwanted gas in the gas sensor is inhibited efficiently, thereby improving detection precision of the gas sensor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the contact combustion type gas sensor.    gas detection chamber (24)    sensing element (29)    temperature compensation element (30)    filter (37)    oxidation catalyst (32)
NOVELTY - The high purity silicon germanium group alloy has purity of more than 5N (99.999 wt.%) excluding the gas component.    USE - Used for semiconductor elements, optical communication elements and solar cell material.    ADVANTAGE - The high purity silicon-germanium group alloy is manufactured easily and has excellent sputter property. The alloy enables prevention of current leaks in semiconductor elements and formation of uniform films.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of high purity silicon germanium group alloy; and    (2) high purity silicon germanium group sputter film.
NOVELTY - The combustion exhaust gas (15) of a hydrocarbon fuel is sent to modifier (20) connected to water vapor generators (31,41) which generate water vapor from heat of received exhaust gas. The generated water vapors are mixed and reformed gas is produced. The reformed gas is cooled, pressurized and sent to hydrogen separator (60) for separating hydrogen and gas turbine for electric power generation.    USE - For generating electric power and hydrogen from hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas and petroleum type fuel, for motor vehicle and business applications.    ADVANTAGE - Enables generating electric power and hydrogen from combustion exhaust gas of hydrocarbon fuel efficiently and easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The thermal efficiency of the combustion exhaust gas in electric power generation process, is 3.5 or less. The heat-recovery volume ratio of fuel reformation process is larger than the heat-recovery volume ratio of raw material. The amount of separated hydrogen to be stored is controlled, according to fluctuation of hydrogen demand.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) electric power and hydrogen generation plant; and    (2) exhaust-gas recovery-type modifier.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the electric power and hydrogen generation plant.    Fuel (1)    Water (2)    Air (3)    Combustion exhaust gas (15)    Electric power generator (10)    Modifier (20)    Water vapor generators (30,50)    Hydrogen separator (60)
NOVELTY - The base material (1) is exposed to a gas comprising thin film formation gas and reactive gas containing reducing gas. The gas is introduced in to a discharge space and made in to a plasma state under or near atmospheric pressure. Electric field of high frequency voltage 100 kHz is applied to space to form transparent electroconductive film. Discharge power density is 1 W/cm2 or more. Group material temperature is 200-400 degreesC.    USE - Forming transparent electroconductive film for electronic component, liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescent device, plasma display panel, electronic paper, touch panel and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electroconductive film with excellent wet-proofness, heat resisting property and low resistance is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the transparent electroconductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows section of atmospheric pressure plasma discharge processing apparatus.    Base material (1)    Electrode (2,3)    High frequency electric power unit (4,4')    Heating heater (5)
NOVELTY - The fuel-cell cogeneration system has a temperature sensor which measures the temperature of the water introduced into the system. A controller (15) performs the continuous-operation and intermittent operation based on the measured information.    USE - Fuel-cell cogeneration system including fuel cell such as solid polymer fuel cell (PEFC) for electric-power-generation using fuel e.g. gas and liquid such as gasoline and kerosene.    ADVANTAGE - The overall efficiency of the fuel-cell cogeneration system is improved by performing the continuous-operation and intermittent operation based on the temperature of the water measured.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel-cell cogeneration system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel reformer (11)    inverter (13)    controller (15)    storage tank (16)    sensor (20)
NOVELTY - A reaction vessel (10) has a reaction layer (15) comprising an oxygen permeating layer (4) which permeates oxygen selectively from air, a porous layer (3) with large pores through which oxygen is selectively passed through a catalyst layer (2). The catalyst layer selectively oxidizes carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas passed through reformed-gas route (1), using received oxygen.    USE - Carbon monoxide removal apparatus for fuel cell system used for electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - Since the porous layer controls the amount of oxygen passing through the catalyst layer, the oxidation reaction of carbon monoxide contained in reformed gas is controlled effectively, hence removes carbon monoxide from the reformed gas, thereby avoiding poisoning of fuel electrode of the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A controller (9) set up the differential pressure of air and reformed gas, based on the load of a fuel cell system detected by a load sensor (13). When a temperature sensor (12) detects that the temperature of the catalyst layer raises, the differential pressure of air is reduced. The flow path of air and reformed gas are separated, so that the reformed gas flows through internal circumference side of the catalyst layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an outline block diagram of the carbon monoxide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformed-gas route (1)    catalyst layer (2)    porous layer (3)    oxygen permeating layer (4)    air path (5)    outer cylinder (6)    air manifolds (7a,7b)    air pressure regulating valve (8)    controller (9)    reaction unit (10)    catalyst temperature sensor (12)    load sensor (13)    reaction board (15)
NOVELTY - Mixed gas containing at least inert gas, and specific reactive gas is passed between counter electrodes which are at atmospheric pressure or near to atmospheric pressure. The mixed gas is made into a plasma state by applying and discharging high frequency voltage. A transparent electrically conductive film is formed on the base material (F), by exposing the base material to the mixed gas of plasma state.    USE - For forming transparent electrically conductive film used for electronic device such as liquid crystal display elements, organic electroluminescent device, plasma display panel, electronic paper, touch panel and solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method provides transparent electrically conductive film having excellent uniformity and high electro-conductivity. The manufacture of conductive film is safe, and has high productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Mixed gas containing at least inert gas and reactive gas is passed between counter electrodes which are at atmospheric pressure or near to atmospheric pressure. The mixed gas is made into a plasma state by applying and discharging high frequency voltage. A transparent electrically conductive film is formed on the base material, by exposing the base material to the mixed gas of plasma state. The reactive gas contains at least organic metallic compound(s), inorganic gas and organic compound having molecular weight of 200 or less.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) transparent electrically conductive film; and    (2) components having transparent electrically conductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of atmospheric pressure plasma chemical vapor deposition apparatus.    voltage application unit (40)    gas charging unit (50)    electrode temperature control unit (60)    base material (F)
NOVELTY - A thin-film heater (40) is provided to a specified range over a reaction flow path (20) for temperature control of the reaction flow path. A heater wiring (50) is provided in the heater for specified length. An insulating protective coat (60) having specified flatness with respect to the height of the wiring layer or the heater, is provided over the heater.    USE - For production of hydrogen and carbondioxide from gas mixture containing carbon monoxide and oxygen, for feeding to fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Achieves high reliability, by suppressing the variation in the film thickness of the wiring. Forms a flat protective coat favorably and provides effective manufacturing conditions corresponding to the micro reactor for forming the protective coat. Reduces the size of fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) manufacturing method of the chemical reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline structure of the chemical reactor. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    main substrate (10)    reaction flow path (20)    thin-film heater (40)    heater wiring (50)    protective coat (60)
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer consists of a semiconductor-layer electrode, a counter electrode and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains pyridine and/or specific pyridine type compound.    USE - For pigment sensitizing type solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer having high release voltage and photoelectric conversion efficiency, provides highly efficient solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The optoelectric transducer consists of a semiconductor-layer electrode, a counter electrode and an electrolytic solution. The electrolytic solution contains pyridine and/or pyridine type compounds selected from of 2-picoline, 3-picoline, 4-picoline, 2,3-lutidine, 2,4-lutidine, 2,5-lutidine, 2,6-lutidine, 3,4-lutidine, 3,5-lutidine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyridine, 2,4,6-trimethylpyridine, 2-ethylpyridine, 3-ethylpyridine, 4-ethylpyridine, 5-ethyl-2-picoline, 3-ethyl-4-picoline, 2-ethyl-6-picoline, 2-n-propylpyridine, 4-n-propylpyridine, 2-isopropylpyridine, 4-isopropylpyridine, 3-n-butylpyridine, 2-t-butylpyridine, 2,6-di-t-butylpyridine, 2,6-di-t-butyl-4-methylpyridine, 4-n-amylpyridine, 2-(3-pentyl)pyridine, 4-(3-penyl)pyridine and 2-n-hexylpyridine.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for pigment sensitizing type solar cell.
NOVELTY - A reactor comprises a plastic pattern on an exothermic substrate (13) made of ceramic or metal. A fluid path (15) having a catalyst (16) on its surface is formed by removing the pattern by electroforming.    USE - Used as a micro-reactor for fuel cells used in notebook computers, digital cameras or pocket televisions (TV).    ADVANTAGE - The reactor has high reaction efficiency and is small in size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for micro-reactor manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the micro-reactor.    electrode (12)    exothermic substrate (13)    glass plate (14)    fluid path (15)    catalyst (16)
NOVELTY - A partition plate (23) divides an air feed pipe (13) at position corresponding to air exhaust nozzle (15), so as to form upstream side and downstream side division routes (25,27). The air is mutually passed in reverse direction in each of the division routes. Air is ejected respectively from upstream side and downstream side ejection holes (15a,15b), for mixing with hydrogen rich reactive gas flowing through the route (11).    USE - For reformer used for supplying hydrogen to fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of ejection of air from air feed pipe, is equalized along the axial direction of the pipe, irrespective of air flow amount to the air feed pipe.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for gas mixing apparatus manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the gas mixing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reactive gas route (11)    air feed pipe (13)    air exhaust nozzle (15)    ejection holes (15a,15b)    partition plate (23)    division routes (25,27)
NOVELTY - A monolith carrier comprises divided cells forming multiple gas flow paths, where a hydrogenation reaction catalyst is supported in the cells.    USE - Used with a fuel cell-type electric power generation device used in motor vehicles or homes.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen gas of the required quantity is uniformly supplied to the monolith carrier. The utilization efficiency of the catalyst is improved. The hydrogenation reaction is efficiently performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for hydrogenation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogenation apparatus.    monolith catalyst (2)    hydrogen gas supply portion (3)    dehydrogenation product supply unit (4)    organic hydride recovery unit (5)    dispersion unit (6)
NOVELTY - A resin sheet comprises an epoxy resin layer containing epoxy resin of bisphenol S-type structure.    USE - As substrate for liquid crystal display, electroluminescence display device and solar cells (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The epoxy resin layer of resin sheet has high strength, light transmittance and heat resistance, and improves productivity of liquid crystal display.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) liquid crystal cell substrate;    (2) liquid crystal display;    (3) electroluminescence display substrate;    (4) electroluminescence display device; and    (5) substrate for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows perspective diagram of strength measuring device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    stainless steel ball (1)    flat plate with hole (4)    flat plate (5)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen occluding substance contains a carbon material having specific surface area of 1000 m2/g or more and bulk density of 0.4-1 g/cm3    USE - For storing hydrogen in fuel cells used in electric power units and electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen occluding substance is abundantly available, and is lightweight. The carbon material has high bulk density, so the hydrogen storage occludes large amount of hydrogen per unit volume of carbon material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a hydrogen occluding apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a crystal model of activated carbon in comparison with the activated carbon having specific surface area of more than 1000 m2/g.
NOVELTY - Proton-conductive film contains (A) three-dimensionally cross linked structure having Si-O bonds, (B) C-containing structure, and (C) proton-conductivity imparters. (B) has number average molecular wt. of 56-30000 and at least four connected C atoms in the main chain. (A) and (B) are covalently bonded.    USE - The film is used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The film has high flexibility, heat resistance and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for production of the proton-conductive film comprising the steps of:    (1) preparing a mixture containing (D) composition of C-containing structure having at least two hydrolyzable silyl groups and (C);    (2) forming the mixture into film by arbitrary means; and    (3) hydrolyzing and condensing the hydrolyzable silyl groups in the film to form (A).
NOVELTY - The production of a hardening resin sheet comprises: (a) introducing a hardening resin composition in a molding tool forming a cavity by facing two plates; (b) hardening the hardening resin composition; (c) removing the hardening resin composition from the molding tool.    USE - The method produces the hardening resin sheet used for a liquid crystal display substrate, color filter, touch panel, back light, organic electroluminescent device, Fresnel lens, substrates, including for a solar battery, information recording, and others.    ADVANTAGE - The hardening resin sheet has superior thickness accuracy and flatness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The surfaces of the two plates kept into contact with the hardening resin composition have warp calculated by the following formula of 0-0.1 mm/100 m in one plate and of 0.01-0.1 mm/100 mm in the other plate. T/C X 100 = warp (mm/100 mm) T: using three-dimensional dimension measuring instrument; height (mm) of plate at its center measured with average in height of four corners on surface contact with hardening resin composition on plate as standard surface; C = length (mm) of long side of plate. Numerical value: positive value when surface of plate is of protruded shape; negative value when surface of plate is of recessed shape.
NOVELTY - An adhesive sheet comprises a coating of alkoxysilane having epoxy alkyl group, on surface of a modified ethylene group resin layer. The resin layer comprises 0.01 mass% or more of unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative with melting point of 80-120degreesC, as a copolymerizable component. The adhesive sheet has shear modulus of 3x105 Pa or more at 80degreesC.    USE - For fixing solar cell (claimed) in a solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive sheet is manufactured easily at low temperature with high production efficiency, in a short period of time. The adhesive sheet has high durability and low residual stress due to the moderate lamination conditions. The solar cell module having high reliability, is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) Sheet for solar cell fillers (1) formed by laminating alkoxy silane coating on surface of modified ethylene group resin layer; and    (2) Solar cell (3) formed by laminating the sheet for solar cell fillers on a non-light receiving surface (30) of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline sectional drawing of the solar cell.    Sheet for solar cell fillers (1)    Solar cell (3)    Non-light receiving surface (30)
NOVELTY - The component (21) which is to be laminated in held in a laminating apparatus which is openably sealed by moving upper and lower cases (2,1) relatively. The component is degassed, heated and pressurized to perform lamination operation. The upper ends of elevatable bars (10) guided by guides (9) actuated by hydraulic cylinders and provided in four corners of case (1), are attached to case (2).    USE - Small-sized laminating apparatus for various components.    ADVANTAGE - A small and lightweight apparatus is handled easily and is readily placed on floor of multi-storey building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a front sectional view of laminating apparatus.    lower and upper cases (1,2)    guides (9)    elevatable bars (10)    component (21)
NOVELTY - A sheet like heating element and a pressurization sheet are provided inside the case (1) or (2), to elevate the object for pressurization.    USE - Laminating apparatus, for laminating bodies such as a module of a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Enables pressurizing the object to be laminated effectively without using diaphragm.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the laminating apparatus.    cases (1,2)
NOVELTY - Reformer (1) is operated in a first operational stage by the sub-stoichiometric reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen, air and/or water to produce hydrogen, and in a second operational stage by the stoichiometric reaction of hydrocarbons with oxygen, air and/or water to produce inert gas or gas mixture.    USE - For a reformer-fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reformer has high operational safety.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Process for switching off a reformer-fuel cell system; and    (2) Process for starting a reformer-fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reformer-fuel cell system.    reformer (1)    fuel cell arrangement (3)    switching valves (4, 6)    bypass feeder (5)    burner (8)
NOVELTY - A photo-electrochemical cell comprises a semiconductor responsive to a radiant ray, a charge transporting layer and a counter electrode. The charge transporting layer comprises an electrolyte containing a pyridinium compound.    USE - For photoelectric conversion device.    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte hardly volatilizes and performs an excellent charge transport function to provide a photo-electrochemical cell having excellent photoelectric characteristics and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photo-electrochemical cell comprises a semiconductor responsive to a radiant ray, a charge transporting layer and a counter electrode. The charge transporting layer comprises an electrolyte containing a compound of formula (I').    Z' = atomic group to form a 6-membered aromatic ring cation together with N;    R1' = alkyl or alkenyl;    a' = 1-3.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a pyridinium compound of formula (IV').    R5' = 4-8c unsubstituted straight-chain alkyl.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-section of the photo-electrochemical cell.    Conductive glass substrate (1)    Conductor layer (2)    TiO2 electrode (3)    Dye layer (4)    Electrolyte layer (5)    Pt layer (6)    Glass (7)
NOVELTY - Preparation of nanoparticles (NP), based on an organometallic compound or its derivatives, in which an aromatic organometallic compound or metallocene is used as metal source (A), is new.    USE - NP are used as photoluminescent particles, particularly for labeling biomolecules (claimed), e.g. peptides, antibodies, nucleic acid or enzymes, e.g. for detecting specific compounds in biological systems, in vivo or in vitro, for use in biotechnology, medicine or biology. They can also be used as phosphors, dyes, in solar cells and many other electro-optical applications.    ADVANTAGE - Use of the specified metal sources allows synthesis of NP under mild (specifically low temperature) conditions. (A) are inexpensive, non-pyrophoric, stable against oxygen and moisture (contrast use of dimethylcadmium) and do not require expensive additives (contrast cadmium oxide), so are better suited for large-scale production. They produce NP with a monodisperse diameter and exactly reproducible emission properties. NP provide a more sensitive detection of biomolecules than conventional fluorescent markers.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for cadmium selenide and cadmium telluride NP produced by the new method.
NOVELTY - Reformer comprises a control unit, and an additional component. The control unit is structured so that it acquires a value of a measuring parameter corresponding to the downtime value of the additional component and sets the component in motion when this value reaches a predetermined maximum value.    USE - For a fuel cell system in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Defects or interruptions with respect to a long downtime are avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Process for operating a reformer for a fuel cell system in a vehicle; and    (2) Vehicle containing the reformer.
NOVELTY - Metal material comprises 0.20 mass% or less carbon, 0.01-1.0 mass% silicon, 2.0 mass% or less manganese, 10-40 mass% chromium, 0.03-5.0 mass% molybdenum, 0.1-3.0 mass% niobium, in which 0.1 at most molybdenum/niobium at most 30, 1.0 mass % or one or more of scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, promethium, samarium, zirconium and hafnium, and rest iron.    USE - The metal material is used in inter connectors for fuel batteries or solid oxide fuel batteries.    ADVANTAGE - The material renders batteries good resistance to oxidation, peeling and electric conductivity, and low heat expansion difference in electrolytes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a solid oxide fuel battery using the material; and    (2) preparation of the material.
NOVELTY - An organic electronic device is formed by forming negative image of desired pattern on substrate or layer of the device with lift-off ink, coating first device layer to be patterned on top of the negative image, coating further device layers to be patterned on top of the first device layer to be patterned, and removing the lift-off ink and unwanted portions of the device layers above it.    USE - For forming organic electronic device e.g. organic field effect transistor or organic light emitting diode (claimed), memory, sensing elements, solar cells, photosensors, photoreceptors for electrophotography.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive method allows the formation of device structure, in which the device layers to be patterned are self-aligned. It enables several layers to be patterned in a single set of printing and lift-off steps using one pattern, which ensures the excellent vertical alignment of edges, which would be difficult to achieve by direct printing. It achieves horizontal alignment. It allows the size of device features to be reduced below the actual printing resolution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an example of a vertical organic field effect transistor device by indirect printing and self-aligned.    Substrate (41)    Electrodes (43, 45)    Semiconductor layer (44)    Insulator layer (46)    Gate electrode (47)
NOVELTY - A catalyst comprises an ordered intermetallic compound containing platinum or palladium, e.g. bismuth platinum, platinum tin, palladium germanium, or bismuth palladium.    USE - The inventive catalyst is used in catalytic system, e.g. fuel cell or fuel reformer (claimed). It can be used for water purification, toxic waste destruction, controlled explosive destruction, and conversion of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide for pollution mitigation.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive catalyst is highly efficient. It can be tailored to produce desired electronic and/or geometric effects that optimize catalytic behavior for specific reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell, e.g. hydrogen fuel cell, comprising a first electrode containing ordered intermetallic compound, a second electrode, and a separator (16). The fuel cell is capable of oxidizing hydrogen fuel comprising greater than 0.01 mole% carbon monoxide when operating for 30 minutes at at most80degrees with a maximum output power of at least20% (preferably at least90%) the maximum output power when oxidizing hydrogen fuel comprising less than 0.0001 mole% carbon monoxide. The fuel cell is connectable to a source of fuel, e.g. small organic molecule fuel (formic acid, methanol, ethanol, ethylene glycol, 2-butyne-l,4-diol, 2-butene-l,4-diol, acetic acid, or oxalic acid); or hydrogen containing at least0.01 mole% (preferably 3-10 mole%) carbon monoxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic view of a fuel cell.    Anode (12)    Cathode (14)    Separator (16)    Conducting plate (18)    Ordered intermetallic particles (20)
NOVELTY - Producing hydrogen, comprising obtaining a metabolic source for producing hydrogen using a microalga having a photosynthesis ability and a step for producing hydrogen by a bacterium having a photosynthesis ability with the usage of the above metabolic source, is new.    USE - This method and apparatus are for use for producing hydrogen which is for use for fuel cells as a clean energy source.    ADVANTAGE - Hydrogen as an alternative energy source other than petroleum and coal, contributes to keep the environment clean.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Producing hydrogen, comprising obtaining a metabolic source for producing hydrogen using a microalga having a photosynthesis ability and a step for producing hydrogen by a bacterium having a photosynthesis ability with the usage of the above metabolic source. The microalga and/or the bacteria are fixed on a support insoluble in a liquid and then pre-cultured in the liquid so as to elevate the cell density.
NOVELTY - An oxygen electrode (10) includes a porous material layer (12), a porous gas diffusion layer (11) adjacent the active material, and a peroxide decomposition catalyst.    USE - Used as an oxygen electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The design of the oxygen electrode promotes oxygen dissociation and absorption. The electrode has differing hydrophobicity that allows chemical impregnation of the active catalyst material. It is easily prepared and has excellent reproducibility. It has improved performance over a standard oxygen electrode and Teflonated oxygen electrode with silver oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is schematic view of the oxygen electrode.    Oxygen electrode (10)    Porous gas diffusion layer (11)    Porous active material layer (12)    Current collector grids (13)
NOVELTY - A doped alanate composition comprises sodium alanate, and bis(cyclopentadienyl) titanium di hydride.    USE - The composition is used in hydrogen storage system for use in fuel cell, vehicle, catalytic heater, hydrogen combustion device, emergency power generator, light, computer, or portable electronic device (Claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides maximum hydrogen weight storage. It is stored, shipped, and used in cassette that can withstand at most10 atm of internal pressure and constructed of materials to minimize heat loss from the inside of the cassette.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a hydrogen storage system comprising a cassette; and the above composition; and    (b) preparing a doped sodium alanate composition by mixing sodium hydride, aluminum, and bis(cyclopentadienyl) titanium di hydride; and heating the mixture above 182degreesC.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the structure of a dopant.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive composite is formed by dispensing about-to-gel colloidal silica over a catalyst-modified carbon bed.    USE - Used for forming an electrically conductive composite for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The process improves access of the catalyst to a reactant to enhance catalytic activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The formation of an electrically conductive composite involves providing a loosely packed bed of catalyst-modified carbon powder; dispensing about-to-gel colloidal silica over the catalyst-modified carbon bed; allowing the silica sol to permeate the catalyst-modified carbon bed; allowing the silica sol to completely perfuse throughout the catalyst-modified carbon bed; forming a wet composite gel comprising the catalyst-modified carbon colloidal silica; and drying the wet composite gel at a supercritical temperature for a specific pore fluid filling in order to form a composite aerogel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures are plots showing carbon monoxide stripping voltamograms.
NOVELTY - A catalyst for hydrocarbon modification comprises a spinel compound which contains a divalent metal and aluminum.    USE - Used for a hydrocarbon degradation apparatus used for modifiers of fuel cells (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst is economical, and is easily handled during the modification reaction of hydrocarbon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a hydrocarbon degradation apparatus using the above catalyst; and    (2) a modifier for fuel cells using the hydrocarbon degradation apparatus.
NOVELTY - A catalyst packing apparatus has several bearing bars (10) provided between an inner pipe (3) and an outer pipe (4), which expand thermally during catalytic reaction. Multiple partition plates (6a-6f) attached perforated panels (9) are equally spaced in the height direction along the bearing bars, to pack granular ceramic catalysts (8) between the panels.    USE - Used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Plugging of ceramic catalysts between the perforated panels, during thermal expansion, is prevented. The lifetime of the fuel cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a cross-sectional view of a double pipe-type catalyst packing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    inner pipe (3)    outer pipe (4)    partition plates (6a-6f)    catalyst (8)    perforated panel (9)    bearing bar (10)
NOVELTY - A gas cylinder (2) supplies fuel gas such as liquefied petroleum gas or dimethyl ether to the solid polymer fuel cell (5). A pressure regulator (3) that lowers pressure of fuel gas supplied from the gas cylinder to a specified pressure, is provided between the fuel cell and the gas cylinder. The pressure regulated fuel gas is provided to the reformer (4).    USE - For supplying electric power for domestic and business use including domestic gas operated devices, gas air-conditioner, water heater.    ADVANTAGE - By providing regulator to adjust pressure of fuel gas supplied from gas cylinder to specific pressure, effective fuel cell system with improved net thermal efficiency is realized without need of pressure blower.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    fuel cell system (1)    gas cylinder (2)    pressure regulator (3)    reformer (4)    fuel cell (5)
NOVELTY - The boil off gas (BOG) (4) generated within the liquefied natural gas (LNG) tank (1) of the ship is reformed and is supplied to a fuel cell (6) for electric power generation.    USE - For processing boil off gas generated within liquefying gas holder of liquefied natural gas (LNG) transport ships.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to use the BOG efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for boil off gas processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure explains the BOG processing method of LNG ship. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    LNG tank (1)    modifier (3)    BOG (4)    hydrogen (5)    fuel cell (6)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell (4) generates electric power using reformed gas produced in fuel reformer (1). A purge gas is supplied from low-temperature side of reformed-gas flow path of fuel-cell system, to high-temperature side of flow path, to remove reformed gas remaining in the system, after shutdown of electric power generation process. Purge gas comprises an inert gas which does not react with reformed gas.    USE - For generating electricity for use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Improves the durability of the fuel cell system, by purging the reformed gas remaining in the system. Prevents the thermal deterioration and deterioration by carbon monoxide, of the components of the fuel cell system.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Purge gas is passed from the portion of reformed-gas flow path having low carbon monoxide concentration, to the portion of the flow path having high carbon monoxide concentration. A purge-gas supply unit supplies purge gas in the flow path, in the reverse direction to the direction of flow of reformed gas during power-generation mode, after shutdown operation. A combustor (5) produces an inactive combustion gas by burning a mixture of fuel and air, or unused reformed gas, which is used as the purge gas. A heat exchanger (6) exchanges heat with the combustion gas, so that air heated by the heat exchanger, is supplied to the reformer, during power-generation mode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reformer (1)    cooling unit (3)    fuel cell (4)    combustor (5)    heat exchanger (6)
NOVELTY - A carbon monoxide removal device (3) supplies oxidation gas to remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas. A gas supply valve of an oxidation gas supply unit is arranged upstream to carbon monoxide removal device and is controlled to regulate supply of the oxidation gas.    USE - For use in fuel cell to reform fuels such as liquefied natural gas.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to decrease the amount of carbon monoxide in the reformed gas, by oxidizing the carbon monoxide with the oxidation gas. The need for expensive carbon monoxide sensor is prevented, reducing the cost of the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A modifier (1) adds water to fuel for modifying fuel to hydrogen rich gas containing carbon monoxide (CO). A shift-reaction device (2) converts CO in reformed gas into carbon dioxide. A sensor (21) arranged in the exit of the device (2), detects temperature of reformed gas. The supply amount of oxidation gas is adjusted based on relationship between output of sensor and carbon-monoxide concentration in the gas. A carbon monoxide removal device (3) supplies oxidation gas to remove carbon monoxide in the reformed gas. A gas supply valve of an oxidation gas supply unit is arranged upstream to carbon monoxide removal device and is controlled to regulate supply of the oxidation gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell using the fuel reformer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modifier (1)    shift-reaction device (2)    carbon monoxide removal device (3)    control unit (4)    temperature sensor (21)
NOVELTY - A combustor (10) which generates high temperature gas (G), has an evaporation board (14) and spaced hot plates (16,16'). A combustion chamber (15) with combustion flame (f) is formed between hot plate (16) and the board into which air mixed liquid fuel is sprayed through nozzle (12). The combustion flame performs radiation heating of the board and the hot plate, to obtain combustion gas (G').    USE - Partial oxidation modifier in fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The stable combustion of the fuel is carried out at air fuel ratio of about 1 or more even when using liquid fuel, such as methanol. The reformed gas which contains hydrogen and carbon monoxide is generated easily and provides simple and size reduced structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Combustion flame has flat surface. The evaporation board is sintered board having fiber or ceramic fiber with heat resistant metal particle. The hot plate (16) is perforated panel or mesh of heat resistant metal or ceramics. An evaporation unit (18) which evaporates liquid fuel by high temperature gas is provided at rear end of the combustor. A modification unit (2) packed with a modification catalyst for modifying mixed raw material with hydrogen gas, is provided at rear end of evaporation unit (18). The temperature of the mixed raw material in the evaporation chamber is controlled so that the inner gas temperature of the modifier does not exceed the heat resistance temperature of the catalyst. The combustor, evaporation unit and modification unit are arranged sequentially.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the partial oxidation modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    partial oxidation modifier (2)    combustor (10)    fuel injection nozzle (12)    evaporation board (14)    combustion chamber (15)    hot plate (16)    evaporation unit (18)    modification unit (20)    combustion flame (F)    high temperature gas (G,G')
NOVELTY - The aromatic compound selected from the group consisting of benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene and 1-methylnaphthalene, is added as solubilizer of dehydrogenated product, into the reaction product before supplying the reaction product into a vapor-liquid separator (5), when decalin is used as hydrogen emitter.    USE - For fuel cell system used in residence.    ADVANTAGE - Enables effective and continuous operation of the fuel cell system whose response to load fluctuation of domestic electric power, is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Decalin stored in a tank (21), is supplied into a reactor (4) having catalyst (41) supported by metal. The catalyst is heated using a heater (43), to produce hydrogen gas by reacting with decalin. The vapor-liquid separator isolates hydrogen gas and dehydrogenated product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    tank (21)    aromatic compound storage unit (22)    reactor (4)    catalyst (41)    heater (43)    vapor-liquid separator (5)
NOVELTY - An orifice (30) is formed at the center of a casing (10), through which air is supplied into a path (27) formed in the casing, where reformed gas is circulated inside the casing. Several air supply holes (26) are formed in the path, at equal interval. A shielding board (50) and a distributor with an opening are arranged in the casing, so as to change the circulation direction of the mixed gas containing reformed gas and air.    USE - For mixing reformed gas and air used for producing heating gas used in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the mixing vessel is reduced. The mixing efficiency of the vessel is improved. The capability of removing carbon monoxide is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixed gas is the reactive gas used in fuel reformer to reform fuel, and produce heating gas used in fuel cell. A carbon monoxide removal unit is arranged to remove carbon monoxide in reformed gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a side view of the mixing vessel. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    casing (10)    air supply holes (26)    supply path (27)    orifice (30)    shielding board (50)
NOVELTY - A supply unit (22, 22') to supply hydrocarbon group fuel into a reaction tank (15) in which dehydrogenation of fuel with the heated catalyst (20) is performed. A cooling unit (17) arranged at downstream side of the reactor, liquefies the unreacted hydrocarbon group fuel collected by a recovery unit (23). A separation tank (11) separates the hydrogen gas and dehydrogenated product.    USE - For producing hydrogen used for fuel cell in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The dehydrogenation of the hydrocarbon group fuel is quickly performed at high efficiency. The hydrogen gas of high purity is easily produced. The structure of the apparatus is simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    separation tank (11)    reaction tank (15)    cooling unit (17)    catalyst (20)    supply unit (22,22')    recovery unit (23)
NOVELTY - The catalyst particles (12) in a reaction tank (10), are scattered in inert gas atmosphere by hydrocarbon-type fuel sprayed into the tank. A movable separation membrane (44) separates hydrogen gas produced by dehydrogenation of the fuel in the reaction tank and the dehydrogenated product.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas to be supplied to fuel cell mounted on vehicle e.g. electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The highly pure hydrogen gas is produced quickly and efficiently using a lightweight and compact production apparatus and hence the efficiency of fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The tank has a stirrer (16) to stir catalyst particles. The inert gas is heated by a heater. A gas separator separates the hydrogen gas and inert gas. A storage tank divided into multiple chambers by movable dividing walls, stores the dehydrogenated product below the separation membrane, and fuel. The storage tank has a discharge port to eject hydrogen gas. A regeneration tank (60) heats the dehydrogenated product and regenerates the catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of hydrogen gas production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    reaction tank (10)    catalyst particles (12)    stirrer (16)    storage tank (30)    separation membrane (44)    heater (48)    regeneration tank (60)
NOVELTY - A mixing unit mixes a hydrocarbon fuel such as decalin (12), and an inert gas such as nitrogen, to produce decalin-containing inert gas. A reaction unit performs dehydrogenation of the decalin-containing inert gas using a monolithic catalyst heated by a heater. A separation membrane (14) separates the hydrogen gas formed by dehydrogenation reaction, from the product (12') formed by dehydrogenation.    USE - For producing hydrogen gas for supply to fuel cell mounted in electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - Enables performing dehydrogenation of decalin quickly and efficiently, by entraining decalin in the inert gas. Enables supplying very pure hydrogen gas to the fuel cell, as the separation membrane separates hydrogen gas from the dehydrogenation product. The apparatus is lightweight and small, as a single tank stores both decalin and the dehydrogenation product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A supply unit supplies inert gas into decalin stored in a storage tank (11) of the mixing unit. A liquefier liquefies the formed dehydrogenation product.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for storage and separation tank, which has a decalin storage portion equipped with an inert-gas supply port, and a discharge port for discharging decalin-containing inert gas. A dehydrogenation-product storage portion of the tank, stores a mixture of decalin-containing inert gas, and the product formed by dehydrogenation of decalin. The separation membrane separates hydrogen gas from the mixture, and returns remaining inert gas to the supply port of the decalin storage portion, and supplies hydrogen gas to a hydrogen-gas utilization apparatus. A wall (13) divides the decalin storage portion and the dehydrogenated-product storage portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a hydrogen-gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Tank (11)    Decalin (12)    Dehydrogenation product (12')    Wall (13)    Separation membrane (14)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid is obtained by dissolving a specific tin compound and an indium compound, in a (beta)-diketone compound.    USE - For manufacturing substrate with transparent electrically conductive film (claimed) for liquid crystal display, electroluminescence display, surface heat generator, touch panel electrode and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid provides uniform transparent electrically conductive having excellent transparency and sheet resistance value.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid is obtained by dissolving a tin compound and an indium compound in a (beta)-diketone compound. The tin compound is given by formula: (R3)2Sn(OR4)2 and the indium compound is given by formula: In(R1COCH2COR2)3.    R1, R2 = 1-10C alkyl or phenyl;    R3 = 1-10C alkyl; and    R4 = 1-10C alkyl or 1-10C acyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of substrate with transparent electrically conductive film, which involves forming transparent electrically conductive film, on a substrate directly or via an intermediate film, by chemical thermal deposition method, using the transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis result of substrate with transparent electrically conductive film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A selector valve (14A) is provided to stop distribution of hydrogen gas to hydrogen gas sensor (15b) of the downstream side, when concentration of the hydrogen detected by upstream side hydrogen sensor (15a), exceeds set value.    USE - For protecting hydrogen gas sensor in fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Prevents deterioration of the hydrogen sensor, by preventing the hydrogen sensor from being exposed to excessive high concentration hydrogen.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    protective device (1)    piping (14)    selector valve (14A)    branch piping (14a,14b)    upstream side hydrogen sensor (15a)    downstream side hydrogen (15b)
NOVELTY - A sealant (38) made from an expanded graphite is adhered to the outer surface of a pipe (10). The sealant is pinched by the connection elements (34,36,40) from both sides, along the axial direction of the pipe. A tapered contact surface (39) of a sealant (38) abuts with the connection element to close the pipe. An inclined contact surface (44) is formed with dents, corresponding to the contact surface.    USE - For use with fluid apparatus such as modifier for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents leakage of the gas of a hydrogen generation portion through gap between a housing and a hydrogen isolation module, by the sealant adhered to the outer surface of the pipe. Ensures high sealing performance even in high temperature operations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The connection element is made of metal or alloy such that the thermal coefficient of the connection material is 10x10power-6, in the room temperature of about 500 degreesC. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) sealant which is adhered in the outer wall surface of the pipe. The sealant consists of a cylindrical portion and an inclined portion, The length of the cylindrical portion is greater than or equal to the inclined portion; and    (2) modifier which has a hydrogen generator to generate hydrogen from a gas source. A hydrogen column is mounted in the limit portion of the generator and a gas channel and is equipped with a hydrogen separation membrane to transmit hydrogen from hydrogen generator to the gas channel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the joint structure.    pipe (10)    connection elements (34,36,40)    sealant (38)    tapered contact surface (39)    inclined contact surface (44)
NOVELTY - A high purity silicon manufacturing apparatus has internal structure where reduction of silicon tetrachloride is carried out using high purity zinc and high purity silicon tetrachloride. The internal wall of the reactor is surface treated with high purity silicon carbide powder, high purity silicon nitride powder, high purity silica powder and binder.    USE - For manufacturing high purity silicon (claimed) used as raw material for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Since the apparatus internal wall is surface treated, improved quality silicon is manufactured within a short period of time by a simple process. Silicon is manufactured economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high purity silicon manufacturing apparatus has internal structure where reduction of silicon tetrachloride is carried out using high purity zinc and high purity silicon tetrachloride. The internal wall of the reactor, other than the internal structure made of high purity silicon formed by precipitating and adhering during the reaction, is surface treated with high purity silicon carbide powder, high purity silicon nitride powder, high purity silica powder and binder, as release agent. The precipitate formed is removed and the product is separated easily. Silicon product with improved quality is obtained with improved productivity.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of high purity silicon which involves removing precipitate after the reaction and producing high quality product using the apparatus.
NOVELTY - The heat exchanger structure support (6) comprises heat transport rods (2) surrounded by wire fins (1) having heat conducting property.    USE - For fuel cell system used as power source in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Required heat exchange property is achieved. The apparatus is compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic view of heat exchanger structure support. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    wire fins (1)    heat transport rods (2)    heat exchanger structure support (6)    catalyst coat layer (10)
NOVELTY - The membranous reactor (1) is provided with the hydrogen separation membranes (3,4) which are away from the range of compound inlet (11). The reactor separates the hydrogen in the heating gas produced during water vapor modification reaction, while passing the heating gas through the separation membranes.    USE - For reforming hydrogen gas used for solid polymeric fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrogen separation membranes are away from the compound inlet, the supply of hydrogen gas by the dividing wall is prevented and the purified hydrogen gas is efficiently supplied to the fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The reactor is alternatively divided into two and are provided at the upstream side and downstream side. The reactors have respective hydrogen separation chambers which are connected to a storage tank (15). The upstream side hydrogen separation chamber, is only connected to the reformation chamber (2). The upstream side reactor produces heating gas containing hydrogen from carbon hydrogen compound and the downstream side reactor produces heating gas containing hydrogen from the breed gas. The breed gas is supplied to carbon monoxide (CO) removal apparatus through a pressure control valve provided between the reactors. A catalyst in the upstream side reactor has low temperature activity than the catalyst in downstream side reactor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flow diagram of the hydrogen gas reformation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Reformation reactor (1)    Reformation chamber (2)    Hydrogen separation membranes (3,4)    Compound inlet (11)    Storage tank (15)
NOVELTY - Gas containing methane, carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide, that is generated by digestion of organic waste, is contacted with calcium-hydroxide powder, and the carbon dioxide and hydrogen sulfide are fixed to the calcium-hydroxide powder. Gas with increased methane content, is recovered. Separation-and-recovery of methane from digestion gas of organic waste is thus carried out.    USE - For separation-and-recovery of methane from digestion gas of organic waste such as sewage sludge, livestock excrements and foodstuffs-manufacturing plant such as beer manufacturing plant, used as fuel, with the recovered methane used for manufacture of fuel cell and electric power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The separation-and-recovery method of methane is carried out using a single simple apparatus, with high efficiency. Methane of high purity is obtained. The separation-and-recovery method has large industrial value, and enables recycling of products.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system implementing separation-and-recovery method of methane from digestion gas. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Digester (11)    Decarboxylation-hydrogen-sulfide removal apparatus (12)    Gas holder (13)    Dehydrator (14)    Kneading machine (15)    Firing furnace (16)
NOVELTY - A n-type dopant (10) diffused on the boundary surface of an optical absorption layer (5) by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. The buffer layers (61,62) are formed respectively by surface reaction rate limitation range and supply rate limitation range, on the n-type dopant. The n-type dopant consists of zinc (Zn) or cadmium (Cd) or zinc sulfate (ZnSO4) or Cadmium sulfate (CdSO4).    USE - For manufacturing compound thin film solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The diffusion effect of n-type dopant to the boundary surface of optical absorption layer, is improved. The bondability between the optical absorption layer and buffer layer, is stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for compound thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of compound thin film solar cell manufacturing process.    molybdenum electrode (2)    optical absorption layer (5)    n-type dopant (10)    buffer layers (61,62)
NOVELTY - A thin-film polycrystal photoelectric conversion layer (4) formed on a corrugated surface glass substrate (1), includes a crystal grain and a crystal grain-boundary (7) of pillar shape. The crystal grain boundary has a low dopant concentration compared to p- or n-type semiconductor layers (3, 5) respectively.    USE - Used as a thin-film polycrystal solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Even if the thin-film polycrystal cell uses an electrode with an intense corrugated shape, suppression or recombination of carriers in the crystal grain boundary is enabled, providing high efficiency at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for thin-film polycrystal solar cell manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of a thin-film polycrystal solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    glass substrate (1)    p-type semiconductor layer (3)    thin-film polycrystal photoelectric conversion layer (4)    n-type semiconductor layer (5)    crystal grain boundary (7)
NOVELTY - A silicon thin film is formed on a base material by exposing the base material to reactive gas. The gas is made into a plasma state by supplying electric power at more than 1 W/cm2, when a voltage having a frequency higher than 100 KHz is applied between the opposing electrodes at atmospheric pressure.    USE - Used for forming silicon thin films such as amorphous silicon films and polysilicon films used in opto-electric transducers, semiconductor elements such as thin film transistors, solar cells and electrophotographic photoreceptors.    ADVANTAGE - A highly functional stabilized silicon thin film is obtained with sufficient productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a silicon thin film device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional side view of a plasma discharge processing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    electric power unit (41)    gas generating plant (51)    air supplying opening (52)    electrode refrigeration unit (60)    former winding base material (61)
NOVELTY - An organic dye sensitizing type porous oxide semiconductor electrode is obtained by adsorbing pyrimidine group organic dye (I) on the surface of porous oxide semiconductor.    USE - For opto-electric transducers (claimed), used for solar cells, light switching apparatus, and sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The oxide semiconductor electrode adsorbed with pyrimidine group pigment has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic dye sensitizing type porous oxide semiconductor electrode is obtained by adsorbing pyrimidine group organic dye of formula (I) on the surface of porous oxide semiconductor.    R1-R9 = H, 1-5C alkyl, alkoxy or thioalkyl, halogen, cyano, nitro, -NR11R12, carboxyl, -COOR13, hydroxyl, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon of 5-7 membered ring, or saturated and unsaturated heterocyclic group of 5-7 membered ring, optionally substituted by halogen, 1-3C alkoxy, or cyano;    R11, R12 = H, 1-3C alkyl or phenyl; and    R13 = 1-3C alkyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for opto-electric transducer containing a conductive layer clamped between an oxide semiconductor electrode, its counter electrode, and an electrode.
NOVELTY - An optoelectric transducer is obtained by using oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with methine group pigment (1).    USE - For solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer provides solar cell having high conversion efficiency and high stability. Conversion efficiency is improved by using oxide semiconductor particles which are sensitized by combined use of two or more pigments. The transducer is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optoelectric transducer is obtained by using oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with pigment of methine group having formula (1).    A1-A3 = H or substituent;    X1-X3 = imino-group, alkyl imino-group, aryl imino-group; oxygen, sulfur or selenium;    Y = optionally substituted organic complex residue or optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon residue except structure shown with salicylic acid and poly substituted hydroxybenzene;    R1 = H, optionally substituted heterocyclic residue, optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon residue or optionally substituted aliphatic hydrocarbon residue; and    n = 0-4, preferably 2 or more.    When 2 or more A1,A2 exists, each A1 and each A2 show groups which are mutually independently same or different. When A1 and A2 carry out multiple existence, A1 and A2 optionally form a ring and each A2,A3 are optionally substituted.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) solar cell obtained by using optoelectric transducer; and    (2) oxide semiconductor microparticles sensitized with methine group pigment.
NOVELTY - An insulating film (6) provided with several openings (6a) is formed at the back side of a semiconductor substrate (1) so that an insulating film is formed by bake processing material having OH group or OR group, where R is a hydrocarbon group.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Solar cell with desired reverse side passivation property can be obtained with increased manufacturing yield. Reduces carrier loss in semiconductor substrate's boundary surface.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the solar cell.    P-type Silicon substrate (1)    N+ Layer (2)    Light receiving surface electrode (3)    Antireflective coating (4)    Reverse side passivation film (6)    Opening (6a)    Reverse side electrode (7)
NOVELTY - A circulation mechanism circulates the aqueous solution of zinc chloride, in a dissolution tank (3). A pH controller (7) controls the pH value of the anode and cathode chambers (1,2) in the dissolution tank, so that chlorine gas is obtained from the anode chamber, and metal zinc is obtained from the cathode chamber.    USE - For obtaining zinc and chlorine gas from aqueous solution of zinc chloride used for manufacturing polycrystal solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Chlorine having high purity and zinc, are easily obtained from the aqueous solution of zinc chloride.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electrolysis method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the electrolytic cell.    anode chamber (1)    cathode chamber (2)    dissolution tank (3)    diaphragm (4)    pH controller (7)
NOVELTY - The n-type semiconductor electrode (4) supported by a transparent conductive layer (2) includes titanium oxide particle and binder having fluoro polymer of 40-85 weight%. The pigment is absorbed to the surface of electrode. A counter electrode (5) is supported by a transparent substrate (6).    USE - Pigment sensitizing type solar cell for noncommercial application.    ADVANTAGE - Improves energy conversion efficiency irrespective of material of transparent substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of the pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent conductive layer (2)    N-type semiconductor particle (3)    N-type semiconductor electrode (4)    Counter electrode (5)    Transparent substrate (6)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor device is sealed with a sealing agent (1) containing cycloolefin group addition polymer. The polymer is obtained by addition polymerization of cycloolefin group monomer (1).    USE - For optical semiconductor apparatus such as optical integrated chip, light emitting diode, semiconductor laser, light receiving material, solid photography image material, solar cell, photocoupler, photointerrupter and light distance robot.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor device has sealing agent with improved heat-resisting property, adhesion, transparency and moldability. The method has improved productivity of the semiconductor device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The semiconductor device is sealed with a sealing agent containing cycloolefin group addition polymer. The polymer is obtained by addition polymerization of cycloolefin group monomer of formula (1).    R1-R4 = H, 1-10C hydrocarbon, group having an aromatic or heterocyclic ring or polar hydrocarbon group substituted by polar group such as silyl group substituted by alkoxyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, ester, cyano, primary, secondary or tertiary amino, amide and/or imide group, sulfonyl group, silyl group, alkyl, alkoxyl, diol residue or triol residue, R1,R2,R3 and/or R4 is a polar group or polar hydrocarbon group and optionally coupled together through 1-5C alkylene group to form an aromatic or heterocyclic ring, bivalent hydrocarbon group or mono-cyclic or polycyclic structure; and    m and p = 0 or more such that m+p = 0-4.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacture of the semiconductor device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows explanatory drawing of structure of the semiconductor device.    Sealing agent (1)    Semiconductor material (2)    Gold wire (3)    Lead frames (4,5)
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer comprises barrier layer (8), porous electron carrying layer (4), pigment layer (D), hole carrying layer (5) and electrode (6) sequentially formed on electrode (3). The barrier layer prevents short circuit between electrode (3) and hole carrying layer. A catalyst layer is formed on boundary surface of hole carrying layer containing organic hole transportation material.    USE - Solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer efficiently transmits the electron from hole carrying layer to pigment layer and so has high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The manufacture of optoelectric transducer is simple and inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a section of solar cell using optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electrode (3,6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    Barrier layer (8)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - A cooling apparatus for fuel cell components has: (a) a base plate with upper and lower sections; and (b) upper ribs and lower ribs coupled to the upper and lower sections of the base, respectively. Each rib defines upper and lower serpentine channels fluidically coupled by at least one cavity disposed in the base plate. The channels are disposed to allow a flow of a fluid to enhance the heat transfer between the fluid and the fuel cell components.    USE - Fuel cell components.    ADVANTAGE - Provides improved fluid passages having improved heat transfer characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cooling apparatus for fuel cell components, comprises:    (a) a base plate (110) having an upper section (120) and a lower section (130); and    (b) upper ribs (140) and lower ribs (150) coupled to the upper and lower sections of the base, respectively.    Each of the upper and lower ribs defines an upper serpentine channel (160) and a lower serpentine channel (170) formed between each of the upper and lower ribs, respectively. The upper and lower serpentine channels are fluidically coupled by at least one cavity (180) disposed in the base plate. They are disposed to allow a flow of a fluid (190) to enhance the heat transfer between the fluid and the fuel cell components (200, 210, 220). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a:    (a) fuel cell assembly (90) comprising fuel cell(s) having at least two electrodes and an electrolyte disposed in between the electrodes; and    (b) the above cooling apparatus coupled to the electrode(s).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a perspective view of a cooling apparatus for a fuel cell.    Fuel cell assembly (90)    Base plate (110)    Upper section (120)    Lower section (130)    Upper ribs (140)    Lower ribs (150)    Upper serpentine channel (160)    Lower serpentine channel (170)    Cavity (180)    Fluid (190)    Cathodes (200)    Electrolytes (210)    Anodes (220)
NOVELTY - An easy, highly efficient and low cost preparation of thin film devices for silicon-on-insulator structures and solar cells useful in microelectronics    USE - The process is useful for forming silicon-on-insulator structures, solar cells and other thin film devices    ADVANTAGE - A good film quality is obtained with a reduced consumption of material per structure and reduced high costs of the active substrate    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor device is manufactured by:    (a) forming a porous semiconductor layer in the form of a thin film on an original substrate;    (b) immediately separating the film by a lift-off process;    (c) transferring the film to a dummy support without attaching it to the support;    (d) fabricating a device on top of the thin film; and (e) transferring and attaching the device on the film on a foreign substrate.
NOVELTY - A highly efficient and low cost preparation of thin film devices for silicon-on-insulator structures and solar cells useful in microelectronics    USE - Useful for forming silicon-on-insulator structures, solar cells and other thin film devices    ADVANTAGE - A good film quality is obtained with a reduced consumption of material per structure and reduced high costs of the active substrate    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor device is manufactured by:    (a) forming a porous semiconductor layer in the form of a thin film on an original substrate;    (b) immediately separating the film by a lift-off process;    (c) fabricating the device on the thin film; and    (d) transferring and attaching the device on a foreign substrate.
NOVELTY - A thermally-integrated low temperature water-gas shift reactor comprises a waste-heat recovery steam generator (10) for recovery of exothermic reaction heat to generate steam (11) that is used in the conversion of hydrocarbon feedstock into hydrogen-rich gases; an outer region; a catalyst bed (19); and an outer region in heat transfer communication with the steam generator to maintain the catalyst bed temperature.    USE - For converting carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide and water, and useful for production of hydrogen for fuel cells (100).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides improved catalytic activity and thermodynamic conversion. It allows the recovery of useful waste heat to generate steam.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of apparatus for testing a thermally-integrated low temperature water-gas shift apparatus.    Reactant mixture (1)    Steam generator (10)    Steam (11)    Catalyst bed (19)    Fuel cell (100)
NOVELTY - Production of a molded part comprises pressing the defining surfaces of a base body (5) up to the transition regions of the elevations (3, 4) to form an approximate end shape and simultaneously pressing the elevations with over-dimension, in which the projection of the elevations in relation to the base body is 10-150% higher than the elevation in the finished pressed state, pressing the elevations to form an approximate end shape, in which the angle of inclination formed between the lateral surfaces and the defining surfaces of the base body is increased to 95-170 degrees from 90-150 degrees, and sintering.    USE - Used as an interconnector for fuel cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The molded part has high strength and homogeneity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-section through an interconnector.    Contours (1, 2)    Elevations (3, 4)    Base body (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell device (100) comprises fuel reservoir having fuel (115); hermetically sealed compartment (112) having hydrated membrane electrode assembly (120) (MEA), and movable portion for unsealing the sealed compartment and exposing the MEA to air; barrier that separates the fuel reservoir from the sealed compartment; and barrier rupture mechanism (140) for engaging the barrier.    USE - For use as fuel cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The invention can be easily activated to optimal operating conditions. It has simple construction, and user-friendly activation mechanism.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Fuel cell device comprises fuel reservoir having fuel; hermetically sealed compartment having hydrated MEA, and movable portion for unsealing the sealed compartment and exposing the MEA to air; barrier that separates the fuel reservoir from the sealed compartment; and barrier rupture mechanism for engaging the barrier to create orifice that allows a flow of fuel from the fuel reservoir to MEA in the sealed compartment.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for forming a fuel cell comprising providing a housing (101) having first and second compartments, hydrating an MEA to have a water content for steady-state operation in fuel cell arrangement, introducing fuel in the first compartment, and hermetically sealing the hydrated MEA in the second compartment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a cross-sectional view of a fuel cell device prior to activation.    Fuel cell device (100)    Housing (101)    Pull tab (106)    Hermetically sealed compartment (112)    Fuel (115)    Hydrated membrane electrode assembly (120)    Barrier rupture mechanism (140)
NOVELTY - The hydrocarbon liquid and oxidant comprising oxygen are supplied into cold-flame vaporizer (14a) and a portion of hydrocarbon liquid is partially oxidized to produce heat, which vaporizes remaining volume of fuel. The oxygen to carbon molar ratio within the cold flame vaporizer is controlled and the obtained outlet stream comprising vaporized hydrocarbon is reformed to produce reformate stream.    USE - For use in fuel cell system (claimed) used as power source for mobile and vehicular applications.    ADVANTAGE - The overall system size is reduced. The temperature control of resultant mixture enabled optimized reformation within the auto thermal reformer (14b). Controlling O/C, S/C and pressure parameters within the single unit enables control of transient reformation process for reducing risk of catalyst damage and unwanted reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for operating of fuel cell system (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic view of fuel cell system comprising fuel processing sub system having cold-flame vaporizer and auto thermal reformer.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel tank (12)    Fuel processing subsystem (14)    Cold-flame vaporizer (14a)    Auto thermal reformer (14b)    Saturated source (16)
NOVELTY - A direct oxidation fuel cell having improved performance uses a neat fuel for producing direct electrochemical oxidation.    USE - As alkaline fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell, molten carbonate fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell (all claimed), and used for hand-held electronics such as cellular phones.    ADVANTAGE - The direct oxidation fuel cell eliminates the need of carrying large amount of water. The fuel cell has improved power density, and effectively reduces alcohol crossover. The fuel cell system sustains high current density, due to the usage of 2-propanol as neat fuel. The cellular phones produced using direct oxidation fuel cell has power source lasting for long time, and fuel cell is capable of refreshing itself.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solid membrane fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a graph depicting the performance of direct oxidation fuel cell at 60degreesC.
NOVELTY - An oxygen sensor (26) monitors the oxygen and carbon dioxide contents in the permeate gas separated from the hydrogen-rich gas. An electrolyzer (28) adds the oxygen in a metered fashion to the anode circuit (8), based on the monitored data.    USE - For performing safe, emergency shut-down of fuel cell system used in motor vehicle, during abnormal condition.    ADVANTAGE - Performs safe emergency shut-down with limited-time continued operation of the fuel cell, without irreversible damage of the fuel cell due smallest membrane leakage of carbon monoxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) motor vehicle fuel cell system; and    (2) method of operating fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    reformate gas (6)    anode circuit (8)    fuel cell (10)    compressor (16)    accumulator (18)    oxygen sensor (26)    electrolyzer (28)
NOVELTY - A component layer is deposited on a substrate (130) using an expanding thermal plasma (ETP) coating apparatus (100), so as to form a fuel cell unit.    USE - For manufacturing solid oxide fuel cell assembly (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Thin component layer is formed at higher rate, using the ETP apparatus, thereby reducing the overall resistance of the fuel cell assembly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solid oxide fuel cell assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of the ETP apparatus.    ETP coating apparatus (100)    ETP source (112)    substrate (130)    coating (132)    substrate surface (134)    reactant gas injector (140)
NOVELTY - Nanostructure comprises an oxynitride compound nanoparticle.    USE - The nanostructure is used as a photocatalyst, a photocatalytic reactor, or as a solar panel energy system (claimed). It is used in the photo-induced decomposition of water and pollutants, and in the production of electricity through solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The inventive nanoparticles are stable, inexpensive, have a conduction band minimum that is higher than the hydrogen/water couple, and can absorb most of the photons of the solar spectrum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Nanostructure comprises MxOyNz nanoparticle.    x = 1-3;    y = 0.5 to less than 5;    z = 0.001-0.5.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of forming MxOyNz nanoparticle, which comprises providing at least one type of MhOi nanoparticle, providing a solution of an alkyl amine, and mixing the MhOi nanoparticle and the solution of alkyl amine until a reaction between the MhOi nanoparticle and alkyl amine is complete.    , x, y, z = have meanings as defined;    h = 1-3;    i = 1-5.
NOVELTY - A sulfur-containing gas absorbent (6) is a structure having a porous material (8) impregnated with zirconium hydroxide (9), which is generated by contacting a porous material with alkali material (7) and/or an aqueous solution containing oxy zirconium salt and/or hydration zirconium oxide. The alkali material is a hydroxide, carbonate or oxide of sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium or barium.    USE - Used in a fuel cell system or a gas detector (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The sulfur-containing gas absorbent has improved absorption removal capability and life and enables the life time of the fuel cell system and gas detector to be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a fuel cell system; and    (2) a gas detector.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional drawing of the sulfur-containing gas absorbent. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    sulfur-containing gas absorbent (6)    alkali material (7)    porous material (8)    zirconium hydroxide (9)    activated carbon (10)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen generator (10) has a cylindrical container (11) having sequential lamination of modifying catalyst (17), carbon monoxide (CO) denaturing catalyst (18) and CO removal catalyst (19). The inner face of container (11) has a heat-insulating layer (16) interposed between peripheral surfaces of catalyst (17). The generator (10) generates hydrogen and reduces CO concentration, using catalysts (17-19).    USE - As modifier for generating hydrogen.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen generator reduces the concentration of carbon monoxide to low level, and heat transfer across cylindrical container. The size and weight of hydrogen generator is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The hydrogen generator (10) has a cylindrical container (11) having sequential lamination of modifying catalyst (17), carbon monoxide (CO) denaturing catalyst (18) and CO removal catalyst (19). The inner face of the container (11) has a heat-insulating layer (16), which is interposed between peripheral surfaces of the modifying catalyst. The modifying catalyst modifies a source gas consisting of hydrocarbon or aliphatic alcohol, into mixed gas of hydrogen, CO and carbon dioxide. The CO denaturing catalyst denatures the mixed gas and reduces concentration of CO. The CO removal catalyst reduces the CO concentration to a low level, and enhances generation of hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (10)    cylindrical container (11)    heat-insulating layer (16)    modifying catalyst (17)    carbon monoxide denaturing catalyst (18)    carbon monoxide removal catalyst (19)
NOVELTY - The deformation prevention units (42) are provided in the modifier to prevent bulge deformation of the heat exchanger plate (40) provided along the side of the heating chamber (4).    USE - For modification of gas used in electric power generation reaction in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The durability of the modifier is improved due to the deformation prevention unit. The manufacturing cost and running cost of the modifier is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The modifier has modification chamber (3) packed with catalyst (3c) and heating chamber fixed with the heat exchanger plate. The modification chamber heated through the heat exchanger plate, has a peripheral dish-shaped plate which contacts with the heat exchanger plate. The prevention units are provided opposing the support of the heat exchanger. The prevention unit has cylindrical housing with heat resisting property. The heat exchanger plate provided at vertical direction, is formed between the modification and the heating chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the vertical side view of the modifier. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Modification chamber (3)    Catalyst (3c)    Heating chamber (4)    Heat exchanger plate (40)    Deformation prevention units (42)
NOVELTY - Water vapor mixing portion (12) with honey comb structure (13), has concave surface at end face. A nozzle (18) sprays water towards the concave surface (40). The portion (12) mixes water vapor with reformed gas before supplying to catalyst unit which generates hydrogen, carbon dioxide from water and carbon monoxide in modified gas and decreases carbon monoxide density by shift reaction.    USE - Modifier for fuel containing hydrocarbon type compound and producing hydrogen rich heating gas which is utilized in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The water which does not enter into the honey comb structure is rebounded on the concave surface and gathers in the concave surface central section and is easily entered into the honey comb structure by the modified gas. Thus, the water is easily vaporized and mixed with reformed gas and the honey comb is cooled efficiently by utilizing the vaporization latent heat of water. The heat exchange efficiency between the water and modified gas is improved by supplying more quantity water to the honey comb structure without expanding the modifier.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The concave surface acts as vaporization promotion portion. The water vapor mixing portion has water retainer which holds water which is not introduced in vaporizer. The retainer is a plate which dams the water along water inflow surface. The water retainer is held adjacent to the honey comb structure along perpendicular direction. A moisture absorber is provided to absorb water existing in inflow surface.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the vaporization apparatus has vaporization promotion space into which liquid is sprayed through the nozzle and has heat transfer portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the outline of the heat exchanger portion. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    heat exchanger portion (10)    water paper mixing portion (12)    honey comb(14) connection flow path (13)    nozzle (18)
NOVELTY - Porous microparticles having particle diameter of 0.1-50 mum containing brittle-material ultrafine particles which are partially coupled, and continuous pores, are dispersed in gas, and aerosol is obtained. The obtained aerosol is sprayed on base material, and microparticle is collided with base material, and porous composite structure is prepared.    USE - For preparing porous composite structure used as electronic-conduction membrane of solar cells, protein and adsorption film of virus, and catalyst film.    ADVANTAGE - The porous composite structure having fine pores is easily formed at normal temperature environment. The obtained structure has fine pores of specific diameter, and has high industrial utility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Porous microparticles having particle diameter of 0.1-50 mum containing brittle-material ultrafine particles which are partially coupled, and continuous pores, are dispersed in gas, and aerosol is obtained. The obtained aerosol is sprayed on base material, and microparticle is collided with base material. A porous structure is formed by coupling and deposition of microparticles on base material, and porous composite structure is prepared.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the model of structure forming apparatus used in aerosol deposition method.    structure forming apparatus (10)    nitrogen gas cylinder (101)    gas conveyance pipe (102)    aerosol generator (103)    aerosol conveyance pipe (104)    formation room (105)
NOVELTY - An aromatic compound is hydrogenated in a high-pressure hydrogen atmosphere in the presence of a metal supported catalyst, to form hydrogen supply component.    USE - For hydrogen storage and supply system (claimed), fuel cell system and electric supply system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen supply component is simply and efficiently manufactured from aromatic compound. The conversion ratio of hydrogenation reaction of hydrogen storage component, and dehydrogenation of hydrogen supply component of hydrogen storage and supply system, is improved using hydrogen supply component. The fuel cell system has favorable fluidity, distillating property, catalyst poisoning property and stability, using hydrogen supply component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an explanatory drawing of structure of hydrogen storage and supply system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen storage and supply system (1)    raw material storage unit (2)    raw material supply unit (3)    reactor (4)    vapor-liquid separation unit (5)
NOVELTY - A compound contains two (un)substituted 2-naphthyl groups bonded with a divalent group. The divalent group is mono or poly (un)substituted 2,6-naphthalene diyl group.    USE - For optical device, electronic device, electroluminescent element, transistor and display device (all claimed) such as solar cell and photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The compound has favorable electroconductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) optical device;    (2) electronic device;    (3) electroluminescent element;    (4) transistor; and    (5) display device.
NOVELTY - A heating chamber (11) has a combustion catalyst (13) at its downstream. A fuel cell stack (4) supplies anode off gas to the heating chamber through a bypass route (16) which bypasses a combustor (6).    USE - Modification-reaction system for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The modification efficiency in the modification reaction device, is improved by supplying anode off gas through bypass route.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen separator separates the secondary side and primary side of a carbon monoxide selective oxidation device (2) such that anode off gas from cell stack is supplied through the primary side. A flow control valve open/closes the combustion gas route (14) according to the detected temperature of combustion catalyst in the heating chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the modification-reaction system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    modification reaction device (1)    carbon monoxide selective oxidation device (2)    fuel cell stack (4)    evaporator (5)    combustor (6)    heating chamber (11)    combustion catalyst (13)    combustion gas route (14)    bypass route (16)
NOVELTY - A direct current power source (14) applies voltage to the discharge electrodes (11,12) provided in a reactor (10). A supply path from discharge electrode (11), supplies raw material (A) to a discharge range (13). The electrodes (19,20) and the magnetic poles (21,22) are arranged in the supply path for introducing electric field and magnetic field with respect to raw material flow.    USE - Hydrogen generator mounted in motor vehicle or aircraft for supplying hydrogen to fuel cell. Also for hydrogenation of synthesis of former, ammonia, and methanol, hydrodesulfurization, hydrocracking, welding, electric power generation, and semiconductor manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - Enables controlling reaction of hydrogen with high precision, thus improves responsiveness of hydrogen generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The discharge electrodes comprises a bundle of carbon fibers which are covered with an electrical insulator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic block diagram of the hydrogen generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    hydrogen generator (1)    reactor (10)    discharge electrodes (11,12)    discharge range (13)    direct current power source (14)    digital oscilloscope (15)    electrodes (19,20)    magnetic poles (21,22)    raw material (A)
NOVELTY - A modifier (12) and an oxidation device (14) respectively supply copper/zinc and palladium/zinc catalyst to a methanol reforming device (1) and a carbon monoxide selective oxidation device (2). An auxiliary modifier (16) is also provided below the modifier. A heat-tracing device (18) heats the catalyst contained in the auxiliary modifier to a temperature more than the reaction start temperature.    USE - Fuel reformer which reforms methanol into hydrogen gas which is used as fuel for fuel cell to drive vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Since the temperature of the catalyst is raised, the temperature of the methanol reforming device and carbon monoxide selective oxidation device is quickly raised, and the time to reach predetermined quality improvement rate is also shortened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An evaporator (11) installed at the upstream side of the modifier evaporates methanol and water, and a heat exchanger (15) installed between the methanol reforming device and the oxidation device, cools the hydrogen containing gas.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for fuel reformer starting method. The auxiliary modifier is supplied with methanol vapor, water and air to produce hydrogen containing gas by heating its catalyst. The hydrogen gas along with air is supplied to the modifier which again generates hydrogen gas which is mixed with air and supplied to the oxidation device (14). The reforming device and Co oxidation device are heated to reach preset temperature. Finally supply of air and methanol to auxiliary modifier, is stopped.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the block diagram of the fuel reformer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    methanol reforming device (1)    CO selective-oxidation device (2)    evaporator (11)    modifier (12)    oxidation device with heater (14)    heat exchanger (15)    auxiliary modifier (16)    heat-tracing device (18)
NOVELTY - Yeast (3) is extracted from sea water (1) at the depth of less than 200 m using a special net (2). The extracted yeast is activated and cultivated in an incubator (4). Alcohol (5) extracted from the cultivated yeast is used as non-pollution energy source (7) and sent to electrolytic cell (8) for production of hydrogen (9) used as fuel cell energy source (10) in a system (11).    USE - For production of fossil energy useful as fuel energy in various industries.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and economical and enables effective production of alcohol and hydrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows systematic diagram of hydrogen and alcohol production unit.    sea water (1)    special net (2)    yeast (3)    incubator (4)    alcohol (5)    non-pollution energy source (7)    electrolytic cell (8)    hydrogen (9)    fuel cell energy source (10)    system (11)
NOVELTY - Metal complex pigment comprises metal or metal ion, ligand (I) and ligand (II). The ligand (I) has at least 2 heterocyclic rings (I) containing nitrogen atom, which coordinates to metal or metal ion, and has at least one group, which dehydrates hydroxyl groups contained on the metal-oxide surface. The ligand (II) contains at least one of the heterocyclic ring (II) containing nitrogen and structure comprising sulfur atom.    USE - For photoelectrodes, and pigment sensitizing type solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The metal-complex pigment has excellent heat resistance, light resistance, and chemical stability. The pigment provides photo electrodes having outstanding photoelectric conversion efficiency for a long period of time, and solar cell having outstanding energy conversion efficiency for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Metal complex pigment comprises metal or metal ion, which is used as 4 or 6 coordination center, and ligand (I) and ligand (II). The ligand (I) has at least 2 heterocyclic rings (I) containing nitrogen atom, which coordinates to metal or metal ion, and has at least one group, which dehydrates hydroxyl groups contained on the metal-oxide surface. The ligand (II) contains at least one of the heterocyclic ring (II) containing the nitrogen atom, which coordinates to metal or metal ion, and has a structure comprising sulfur atom which coordinates to metal or metal ion which is bonded with the carbon atom of at least one adjacent to nitrogen atom of the heterocyclic side chain.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a photo electrode; and    (2) a pigment sensitizing type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows sectional drawing of photoelectrode.    Transparent electrode (1)    Semiconductor electrode (2)    Transparent electrically conductive film (3)    Transparent substrate (4)    Photoelectrode (10)
NOVELTY - The moisture content in the damp powder of indole derivative trimer is set to 40 mass% or less, with respect to indole derivative trimer. The acquisition of indole derivative trimer is performed by drying.    USE - For acquisition of indole derivative trimer used for chemical sensor, battery, capacitor, display device, organic electroluminescence material, solar cell, photo diode, phototransistor, non-linear material, diode, transistor, rust preventive agent, adhesive agent, fiber, antistatic coating material, electrodeposition, plating primer, electroconductive primer for electrostatic coating and electrolytic protection.    ADVANTAGE - The acquisition method of indole derivative trimer provides the trimer with favorable moldability. The aggregation of trimer is suppressed, during acquisition process.
NOVELTY - De-sulfuring apparatus (6) comprises de-sulfuring apparatus, high degree de-sulfuring apparatus (8), and a fuel cell (9), where the apparatus (6) removes the sulfur content from biogas containing methane and sulfur.    USE - For removing sulfur content from biogas used as fuel for fixed electrolyte-type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The de-sulfuring apparatus removes sulfur content from biogas efficiently, and has high durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The de-sulfuring apparatus comprises a de-sulfuring apparatus (6), a high degree de-sulfuring apparatus (8), and a fuel cell (9). The de-sulfuring apparatus (6) removes sulfur content from biogas containing methane and sulfur, produced during fermentation of organic substance. The high degree de-sulfuring apparatus (8) removes methyl sulfide and methyl mercaptan obtained from the downstream side of the de-sulfuring apparatus. A fuel cell (9) converts chemical energy into electrical energy directly, using biogas obtained from apparatus (8), as fuel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the flowchart of the biogas fuel system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    biogas fuel system (1)    organic waste (2)    de-sulfuring apparatus (6)    high degree de-sulfuring apparatus (8)    fuel cell (9)
NOVELTY - The adjacently formed solar cells (1) are provided between a pair of synthetic resin protection films (2), using transparent synthetic resin adhesive agent (3).    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Since synthetic resin film acts as protection film, cost of highly efficient flat solar cell module is reduced and bending property is improved. Since solar cells are packed with sealing agent, air entry between protection films is eliminated. Therefore generation of air bubble is prevented without making surrounding of cell into vacuum.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for manufacturing method of solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of the solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solar cell (1)    Synthetic resin protection film (2)    Transparent adhesive agent (3)    Solar cell module (10)
NOVELTY - The optoelectric transducer has a catalyst layer, a hole carrying layer (5) comprising aromatic-amine derivative, an electron carrying layer (4), a pigment layer (D) and a barrier layer (8) sequentially arranged in between electrodes (3,6). A portion of electron carrying layer is porous. The barrier layer prevents or suppresses short circuit between electrodes and hole carrying layer.    USE - Solar cell (claimed) used for satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The solid-type pigment sensitizing type optoelectric transducer with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency (which effectively transmits electron from hole carrying layer to pigment layer) is manufactured easily and economically.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary section of solar cell using optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (2)    Electrodes (3,6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    Barrier layer (8)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - An electron carrying-layer (4) and pigment layer (D) are sequentially positioned between electrode (3) and electrode (6) having a catalyst layer. The layer (D) is further coated with hole carrying layer solution containing hole carrying layer material, crystal size coarsening inhibitory substance, binder and solvent to form a hole carrying layer (5) and obtain optoelectric transducer (1A).    USE - Manufacture of optoelectric transducer e.g. solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optoelectric transducer having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency is economically manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode (3) is installed and opposed with electrode (6) having a catalyst layer. An electron carrying layer (4) having a portion as porous and pigment layer (D) are sequentially positioned between both electrodes. The pigment layer is further coated with hole carrying layer solution containing hole carrying layer material, crystal size coarsening inhibitory substance, binder and solvent to form a hole carrying layer (5) and obtain optoelectric transducer (1A).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the fragmentary section of optoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Optoelectric transducer (solar cell) (1A)    Electrodes (3,6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole carrying layer (5)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - The filler dispersion type resin sheet has structure of epoxy resin layer which is pinched into filler-containing epoxy resin layer (12) and filler non-containing epoxy resin layer (11,13).    USE - For liquid crystal cell substrates, electroluminescent displays and substrate for solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The resin sheet has low coefficient of linear expansion and no curvature or curl is seen. The resin sheet has favorable workability and easily forms an electrode, orientation film and color filter layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The sheet further comprises hard-coat layer and gas barrier layer laminated to the epoxy resin layer. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) liquid crystal cell substrate;    (2) electroluminescent display; and    (3) substrate for solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacture of filler dispersed resin sheet.    stainless steel end belt (1)    actuation drum (2)    hard coat layer (10)    filler non-containing epoxy resin layer (11,13)    filler-containing epoxy resin layer (12)
NOVELTY - The vinyl acetate content (A) of transparent top ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin layer (3A), is more than the vinyl acetate content (B) of colored bottom ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin layer (3B). The solar cells are held between the layers (3A,3B), using adhesive. The difference (A-B) is 0.1-20 weight.%. The amount of vinyl acetate resin in layer (3A), is 10-40 weight.%.    USE - For converting solar power into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - A solar cell with improved operability, reflectivity and power generating efficiency, is produced and its external appearance is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The layers (3A,3B) are embossed with pattern having a depth of 1-95% and 20-95% of the thickness of the corresponding layers. The difference in melt flow rate and melting point of resins in layers (3A,3B), is 1-50 and 1-30, respectively. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for adhesive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a sectional view of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    glass substrate (1)    back cover (2)    transparent top ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin layer (3A)    colored bottom ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer resin layer (3B)    solar cells (4)
NOVELTY - The production of a fluorine-based ion exchange membrane comprises: (a) forming a fluorine-based ion exchange membrane resin to a film shape; (b) hydrolyzing the fluorine-based ion exchange resin precursor.    USE - The method produces the fluorine-based ion exchange membrane for use in the membrane electrode complex, the proton-exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fluorine-based ion exchange resin precursor has low dimensional change in hydrolysis. The result enhances yield in continuously producing the fluorine-based ion exchange membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heat shrinkage, A, at the hydrolyzing temperature for the precursor membrane is within the ranges of the following formulas:    A = greater than or equal to B-10 and less than or equal to B+10;    B = ((1 + W multiplied by D divided by 100)1/3-1)multiplied by 100.    A = heat shrinkage (%) at the hydrolyzing temperature for the precursor membrane;    B = average degree of swelling (%) in hydrolyzing the precursor;    W = water absorption (percent by weight) in hydrolyzing the precursor;    D = density (g/cm3) of the precursor.
NOVELTY - Process for joining single fuel cells to form a fuel cell block or stack comprises using a contact layer made from fibers.    USE - For joining single fuel cells to form a fuel cell block or stack.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell block or stack has good electrical conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell block or stack consisting of single fuel cells.
NOVELTY - Process for joining single fuel cells to form a fuel cell block or stack comprises placing a foil made from a porous foam structure on the electrode or bipolar plate in a single fuel cell to form a contact layer.    USE - For joining single fuel cells to form a fuel cell block or stack.    ADVANTAGE - The cell block or stack produced has high electrical power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a fuel cell block or stack formed from single fuel cells.
NOVELTY - Solar module comprises solar cells (10) with contact electrodes (11) joined together by metal contact bridges (20). The contact bridges have an electrical conductor (21) provided with a flexible casing (22). The conductor has exposed contact sections (23) fixed to the contact electrodes.    USE - For directly converting sunlight into electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The solar module has a long service life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged view of a section of the solar module.    solar cells (10)    contact electrodes (11)    contact bridges (20)    electrical conductor (21)    casing (22)    contact sections (23)
NOVELTY - A copolymer, which has two or more repeat units selected from arylene, divalent heterocyclic and divalent aromatic amine groups, and which has at least one terminal aromatic group selected from monovalent heterocyclic group, monovalent groups derived from a metal complex coordinated to a heterocyclic group, monovalent amine groups and aryl groups having a formula weight of 90 or more, is new.    USE - The copolymer is for use for polymeric luminescent elements which are used for plane light sources, segment display devices, dot-matrix display devices and liquid crystal display devices. The copolymer is also used for dyes for lasers, for organic solar cell materials, organic semiconductors for organic transistors and for electric conductive thin film materials.    ADVANTAGE - The polymeric luminescent elements have excellent luminescent properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The copolymer fluoresces in the solid state and has a wt-average molecular weight of 103 - 108.
NOVELTY - A charge transport composition comprises quinoxaline derivative.    USE - Used in electronic devices (claimed) e.g. OLED, photovoltaic device, FET for a smart card and thin film transistor (TFT) display driver applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The charge transport composition comprises quinoxaline derivative of formula (I).    R1, R2 = H, F, Cl, Br, alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, alkylenearyl, alkenylaryl, alkynylaryl, alkyleneheteroaryl, alkenylheteroaryl, alkynylheteroaryl, CnHaFb, OCnHaFb, C6HcFd or OC6HcFd;    a-d = 0 or integer such that a+b is 2n+1 and c+d is 5;    n = integer (preferably of 1-12); and    z = 0 or 1-4.    INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for (1) a composition containing a compound of formula (II).    R1, R2 = as defined above;    R3 = single bond or group selected from alkylene, heteroalkylene, arylene, heteroarylene, arylenealkylene, heteroarylenealkylene;    Q = single bond or multivalent group;    a-d = as defined above;    m = integer of at least 2 (preferably 2-10);    n = as defined above;    p = 0 or 1;    x = 0,1,2, or 3.    With the proviso that when Q is a single bond, p is 0.    (2) A composition containing a compound of formula (III).    R1, R2, R3, Q, a, b, c, d, m, n, p = as defined above; and    z = 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4.    (3) An electronic device comprising a photo layer and a second layer where at least one layer contains a compound of formula (I), (II) or (III).
NOVELTY - A catalytic coating is formed on a substrate (110) by preparing a catalytic fluid, and dispensing the catalytic fluid on a substrate having two sides using a direct writing instrument that has been programmed to dispense the catalytic fluid on the substrate in a pattern (170) that forms a catalytic coating on the first side of substrate.    USE - For forming a catalytic coating on a substrate for membrane electrode assembly used in fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The deposited fluid forms a well-defined line or area of deposition relative to the overall dimensions of the deposition surface or the deposited pattern. Relative motion between the fluid source and deposition substrate increases the extent of the well-defined line or area of deposition to create a more extensive deposited pattern.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (a) a method of preparing an electrolyte membrane for a membrane electrode assembly comprising transferring a catalytic coating formed by the inventive method from an intermediate material to an electrolyte membrane using hot-press at 140-165degreesC and 1300-4000 kPa;    (b) a system for preparing a membrane electrode assembly comprising a first coating station comprising a first substrate holding device and coating head(s), a first drying station, a second coating station comprising a second substrate and coating head(s), a second drying station, a cutting station, and a carrier device; and    (c) a method of fabricating an article incorporating a fuel cell, comprising preparing a membrane electrode assembly using the above method, and positioning the membrane electrode assembly between a fuel supply manifold and oxidant supply manifold.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an illustration of the nozzle and nozzle tip of a direct writing instrument.    Substrate (110)    Nozzle (166)    Nozzle tip (167)    Line (169)    Pattern (170)
NOVELTY - Natural gas stream (12) is separated into feed stream (14) and burn stream (16), and then conveyed to furnace (10), where stream (16) is burned, and stream (14) is heated to form hydrogen (H2) and reactive products (RP) comprising acetylene portion. Formed RP and H2 are quenched, and then RP are conveyed to catalytic reactor (30) and converted into olefin in the presence of H2 and catalyst.    USE - For converting natural gas to olefins such as ethylene.    ADVANTAGE - The heat for raising the temperature of the natural gas stream is provided by burning a portion of the natural gas feed stream, or by burning the hydrogen produced in the reaction. The hydrogen produced in the reaction is available for further refining or in generation of electricity by oxidation in a fuel cell or turbine. The heat produced from the fuel cell is used to generate additional electricity. The acetylene portion of the reactive hydrocarbon is reacted with hydrogen to form ethylene prior to reacting to form liquid to be transported. The conversion process is energy efficient and inexpensive. The obtained hydrocarbon liquids are easily transported from remote locations.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a process diagram explaining a process in which the natural gas is heated to reaction temperature by burning a portion of the natural gas in a furnace.    Combustion furnace (10)    Natural gas stream (12)    Feed stream (14)    Burn stream (16)    Catalytic reactor (30)
NOVELTY - An interconnect structure comprising flow channels (28,30) initially defined by a removable sacraficial material, supports cathode (14), anode (16) and electrolyte (18).    USE - For large-scale power generation in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures necessary support for cell fabrication.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) interconnect preform; and    (2) fuel cell assembly manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an internal structure of fuel cell assembly.    Cathode (14)    Anode (16)    Electrolyte (18)    Fuel flow channel (28)    Air flow channel (30)
NOVELTY - The substrate is cleaned with an ion beam. An electrically conductive coating is deposited on the cleaned substrate to a thickness of less than 100 nm, by physical vapor deposition. The cleaning and depositing processes are conducted simultaneously.    USE - For manufacturing electrically conductive fluid distribution element for fuel cells (both claimed) used as power source for electric vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The method manufactures electrically conductive fluid distribution element economically. The manufactured element has good stability, corrosion resistance, low contact resistance, excellent electrical conductance, and smooth, even and clean surface. The coating has excellent adhesion with substrate surface which resists the delamination from the substrate. The element improves the performance of fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) electrically conductive fluid distribution element; and    (2) fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the sectional view of electrically conductive fluid distribution element.    Exterior metal sheets (58,60)    Groove (66)    Manifold (72)    Ridges (76)
NOVELTY - A shaft generator (6) is attached to a drive shaft (4) which is rotationally driven by a main engine (1). A fuel cell (17) generates electric power using boil-off gas (BOG) supplied from a liquefying gas holder (11). A BOG sending-out line (12) is connected to the fuel cell and a shaft generator is connected to an inboard electric power supply circuit, so that the power is supplied to the generator through the circuit.    USE - Used for a propulsion apparatus of a liquefied gas transport ship such as a liquefied natural gas (LNG) ship.    ADVANTAGE - Since the BOG is supplied to the fuel cell, the utilization efficiency of the BOG is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A compressed natural gas (CNG) compressor compresses the BOG reversibly and BOG is supplied to a halfway position of the BOG sending out line. A modifier (13) modifies the hydrogen gas in the BOG and supplies the modified gas to the fuel cell. The hydrogen storage tank provided at the exit side of the modifier stores the hydrogen gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a block diagram of the propulsion apparatus of a liquefied gas transport ship. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    main engine (1)    drive shaft (4)    shaft generator (6)    liquefying gas holder (11)    BOG sending-out line (12)    modifier (13)    fuel cell (17)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen is generated by dehydrogenating a mixture of decalin and 1-methyl decalin. The generated hydrogen is supplied to a solid oxide type fuel cell, molten carbonate type fuel cell or phosphoric acid aqueous-solution type fuel cell, through a pipe. The fuel cell generates electric power, by using the supplied hydrogen.    USE - For generating power in motor vehicle, air ship, hospital, office, and home.    ADVANTAGE - Since hydrogen is generated by a cheap process, hydrogen generation cost is decreased. Thus electric power is distributed at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory diagram of different reaction performed in distributed electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid contains an indium compound (1) and a tin compound (2).    USE - For substrate with transparent electrically conductive film (claimed) for liquid crystal display, electroluminescence display, surface heat generator, touch panel electrode and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The film formation liquid provides uniform electrically conductive film with favorable distribution of tin, transparency and specific resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid contains an indium compound and a tin compound.    The indium compound is of formula: In(R1COCHCOR2)3, where R1 and R2 are 1-10C alkyl or phenyl.    The tin compound is of formula: (R3)2Sn(OR4)2, where R3 is 1-10C alkyl and R4 is 1-10C alkyl or 1-10C acyl.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of substrate with transparent electrically conductive film, which involves forming transparent electrically conductive film directly on substrate or through intermediate film, using transparent electrically conductive film formation liquid, by chemical thermal decomposition method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The graph shows the result of electron spectroscopy for chemical analysis of substrate with transparent electrically conductive film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - High purity silicon tetrachloride (6) and high purity zinc (5) are respectively vaporized. The vapors are then reduced in gasified atmosphere at 900-1100 degreesC to obtain high purity silicon (10). Silicon is then recovered as acicular or flake-shaped product.    USE - For manufacturing high purity silicon which is used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method is inexpensive and provides high purity silicon at high reaction rate and reaction efficiency. The obtained silicon has stabilized high quality and provides solar cell having high utility. The solar cell is a source of clean energy and is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing apparatus, which comprises horizontal, vertical or inclined container made up of heat resisting materials such as quartz, silicon carbide or silicon nitride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory view of the silicon manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    zinc evaporator (1)    silicon-tetrachloride evaporator (2)    reduction reactor (3)    carrier gas (4,7)    zinc (5)    silicon tetrachloride (6)    zinc feed (8)    silicon (10)
NOVELTY - The carbon nanotube is grown by a plasma generated between anode portion and cathode portion in a reaction chamber, into which reactive gas is supplied. A catalyst is used during generation of plasma in abnormal glow discharge.    USE - For manufacture of monolayered and bilayered carbon nanotubes, used as reinforcing material for high functional material, hydrogen occlusion material of fuel cell and high electrical conductivity material.    ADVANTAGE - High quality monolayered and multilayered carbon nanotubes are manufactured efficiently without any defects. The nanotube has excellent physical properties and durability. High density plasma can be generated over a large range between cathode and anode and hence carbon nanotubes are manufactured in large quantities. A reactive gas of low temperature is used and hence cooling operation is performed easily. The usage of catalyst enables improved speed of nanotube manufacture.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the relationship of voltage-electric current explaining the abnormal glow discharge range. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Generating electric power by recovering carbon dioxide from gas after combustion, involves supplying gas containing oxygen and carbon dioxide to cathode pole (10b) of fuel cell (10) and gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide to anode pole (10a), and obtaining electrical energy. Gas from pole (10b) is burned when gas containing more carbon components than natural gas is supplied to pole (10a).    USE - For generating electric power (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables efficient generation of electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electric power generating apparatus (1).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of an electric power generating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electric power generating apparatus (1)    Fuel cell (10)    Anode pole (10a)    Cathode pole (10b)    Gas recovery container (17)
NOVELTY - The clock character (11) board (I) has a patterned metal film formed on the transparent plastic board (13). The metal film (17) is patterned by patterns (15), such as decoration pattern, character, mark.    USE - (M1) is useful for manufacturing clock character board (claimed). (I) is useful for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - (M1) effectively produces clock character board.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing (M1) clock character board.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the top view and sectional view of clock character board. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Clock character board (11)    Transparent plastic board (13)    Pattern (15)    Metal film (17)    Chromium film (19)    Gold film (21)
NOVELTY - The mixed gas of discharge gas and thin-film formation gas is supplied between counter electrodes under atmospheric pressure. Then, high-frequency voltage and electric-power density are applied between electrodes, to generate plasma. An electrically conductive film is formed on a base material, using mixed gas in plasma state. The surface temperature of base material during plasma processing, is set to 120 degreesC or less.    USE - For manufacturing electroconductive film (claimed) used for transparent electrodes, especially for flat display, solar cell, touch panel and electronic paper.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electroconductive film having excellent electroconductivity, transparency and etching processability, is manufactured effectively and economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixed gas containing discharge gas and thin-film formation gas is supplied between counter electrodes under atmospheric pressure. Then, high-frequency voltage of more than 100 kHz and electric-power density of 1 W/cm2 or more are applied between the counter electrode, to generate plasma. A transparent electrically conductive film is formed on the base material, using the mixed gas in plasma state. The surface temperature of base material during plasma processing, is set to 120 degreesC or less.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for transparent electroconductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the schematic drawing of atmospheric-pressure plasma discharge thin-film forming apparatus.    plasma discharge processing apparatus (30)    roll rotating electrode (35)    voltage application unit (40)    gas supply unit (50)    electrode temperature-control unit (60)
NOVELTY - A gas phase reaction of silicon tetrachloride and zinc is performed in reaction melting furnace (1) of which inner-wall temperature is maintained at 1410-1600degreesC to obtain silicon melt. The silicon melt is aggregated to obtain melting silicon in the manufacture of the silicon.    USE - For manufacture of silicon (claimed) used for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides silicon with improved purity at improved yield rate and reduced consumption of energy. The silicon provides solar cell with improved efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows manufacture of silicon.    reaction melting furnace (1)    re-dissolution furnace (2)    clarification furnace (3)    cooler (4)    silicon-tetrachloride synthetic tower (6)