TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Method: The lift-off ink is deposited on the substrate or layer by a direct printing technique such as ink-jet printing, screen printing, microcontact printing, stamping, soft lithography or electrophotographic printing using a solid or liquid toner. A partial shrinkage or micro-cracks are induced to allow a lift-off medium to penetrate the ink at the pattern edges or through its surface to aid the lift-off step. The wetting of the ink is carried out by a surface treatment of the substrate. The device layers to be patterned are each independently applied by solution-, spin-, spray-, dip-, web-, die- or evaporation coating. The device layer to be patterned is applied by electroless deposition, ink-jet printing, screen printing, microcontact printing, stamping, or soft lithography. The lift-off step includes dissolving the lift-off ink using a lift-off liquid medium, and ultrasonic agitation, stirring, spraying liquid medium and/or heating. The conductor is deposited by liquid coating. Preferred Components: The device layers include conductor, dopant, insulator, or organic semiconductor. The device layers may include anode, cathode, or electroluminescent layer. The device layers may include anode, cathode, or electroluminescent layer. The device layers may comprise hole injecting layer, hole transporting layer, electron injecting layer, electron transporting layer or interconnect. The device layers may also include dopant or insulator. Preferred Parameters: The deposited lift-off ink is thicker than the device layers subsequently deposited onto it. The lift-off pattern is 1-50 mum. The ink may be deposited by screen printing in a viscosity of 500-10,00O cP or by ink-jet printing at ink viscosity of 3-40 cP. The ink has a surface tension in the range of 20 - 60 dynes/cm. The surface tension of the ink relative to the substrate is 40-80 deg. Each device layer is 1 nm to 1 mum thick.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - IMAGING AND COMMUNICATION - Preferred Components: The lift-off ink is insoluble in the liquid medium used to deposit the device layers to be patterned. The ink comprises a liquid medium, which does not dissolve the substrate or layer on which the ink is printed. The lift-off ink further comprises colorant, polymeric binder, or functional additive(s). The lift-off ink further comprises a cross-linking agent to permit cross-linking of the printed ink. Preferred Composition: The lift-off ink contains 50-99.8 wt.% liquid medium.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Materials: The conductor is made of polyaniline, polypyrrole, PEDOT, doped conjugated polymer, or dispersions or pastes of graphite or particles of metal including gold, silver, copper, aluminum, and/or nickel. The organic semiconductor comprises polymer or oligomer including monomers of triarylamine, fluorene, or thiophene, including substituted forms. It may comprise pentacene or solution coated precursor pentacene.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The electroluminescent layer comprises polymer or oligomer containing monomers of thiophene, phenylene, thiophenevinylene, phenylenevinylene, or fluorine.