TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Dimensions: The first layer has a thickness of 1-100 nm. The second layer has a thickness of 1-40 nm.Preferred Components: The compound electrode may include an additional layer of transparent electrically conducting material disposed on the first layer. Preferred Method: Formation of compound electrode includes depositing an electrically conducting material on a first layer comprising the halide compound via physical vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, or sputtering.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Materials: The first layer comprises halide compound of alkali metal, e.g. fluoride compound of sodium or potassium. The second layer comprises metal, e.g. aluminum, silver, gold, tin, calcium, magnesium, yttrium, scandium, elements of lanthanide series, or alloy of these metals. The second layer preferably comprises aluminum. The first electrode comprises metal oxide, e.g. indium tin oxide (ITO), tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc indium tin oxide, and/or antimony oxide; and/or metal(s), e.g. silver, copper, tungsten, nickel, cobalt, iron, selenium, germanium, gold, platinum, and/or aluminum. The additional layer comprises indium-tin oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, zinc oxide, indium zinc oxide, zinc-indium-tin oxide, and/or antimony oxide.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Materials: The electronically active material is opto-electronically active material, e.g. poly-N-vinylcarbazole, polyalkylfluorene, polyparaphenylene, or polysilane.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Materials: The opto-electronically active material may be 1,3,5-tris(n-(4-diphenylaminophenyl)phenylamino)benzene, phenylanthracene, tetraarylethene, coumarin, rubrene, tetraphenylbutadiene, anthracene, perylene, coronene, aluminum-acetylacetonate, gallium-acetylacetonate, indium-acetylacetonate, aluminum-(picolymethylketone)bis(2,6-di(t-butyl)phenoxide), scandium-(4-methoxypicolymethylketone)-bis(acetylacetonate), or tris(8-quinolinolato) aluminum or its derivatives.