NOVELTY - A rechargeable lithium battery comprises anode (601) having an electrode structural body with collector comprising a material incapable of being alloyed with lithium in an electrochemical reaction, and an electrode material for a rechargeable lithium battery.    USE - Used as power source for portable instruments, e.g. small personal computers, word processors, video cameras and cellular phones.    ADVANTAGE - The invented rechargeable lithium battery has a prolonged charging and discharging cycle life and a high energy density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A rechargeable lithium battery comprises an anode; cathode (603); and an electrolyte and in which oxidation-reduction reaction of lithium is used. The anode comprises an electrode structural body having collector comprising a material incapable of being alloyed with lithium in an electrochemical reaction, and an electrode material for a rechargeable lithium battery, produced by a process in which an oxidation-reduction reaction is used. The process comprises mixing a metal compound from metal salts of a metal or metal complexes of a metal, transition metal compound from transition metal salts of a transition metal and transition metal complexes of a transition metal or complexing agent with a solvent to obtain a mixed solution, where the metal is capable of being electrochemically alloyed with lithium; mixing a reducing agent with the mixed solution to obtain a mixture with a pH of less than 2; and oxidizing the reducing agent contained in the mixture to reduce an ion of the metal and an ion of the transition metal both of which are contained in the mixture by adding an alkali to the mixture obtained so that the pH value of the mixture is changed from less than 2 to a value of 3-12, where an amorphous alloy material capable of being electrochemically alloyed with lithium as the electrode material is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure is a schematic cross-sectional view of a single-layer structure type flat battery.    Anode (601)    Cathode (603)    Anode cap (604)    Cathode can (605)    Insulating packing (606)