TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The preparation of mixed metal oxide layer further includes preparing a suspension having nanoparticles including solid mixed metal oxide material, dispensing at least a portion of the suspension into a substrate, spinning the substrate to produce a coated substrate where spinning technique includes spin coating or centrifuging, heating the coated substrate to form an mixed metal oxide layer, heating the coated substrate to a temperature exceeding 600degreesC or exceeding the point where recrystallization of the mixed metal oxide material begins, and adding electrolyte layer(s). The firing is carried out in a stepwise process comprising increasing spin rates. Preferred Component: The mixed metal oxide comprises a material from doped cerium, doped zirconium, or their mixtures. The suspension has an aqueous continuous phase or non-aqueous continuous phase. The mixed metal oxide is an electrolyte material from samarium doped-ceria (SDC), gadolinium doped-ceria (GDC), yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), cubic fluorite structures, duped cubic fluorite, proton-exchange polymer, proton-exchange ceramics, or their mixtures. The suspension further comprises an additive from binder or dispersant. The substrate comprises a material from aluminum trioxide, electrode material, anode material, quartz, silicon, ceramics, or their mixtures. Preferred Property: The nanoparticles comprise 5-75 nanometers (nm).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The preparation of mixed metal oxide layer further includes preparing a suspension having nanoparticles including solid mixed metal oxide material, dispensing at least a portion of the suspension into a substrate, spinning the substrate to produce a coated substrate where spinning technique includes spin coating or centrifuging, heating the coated substrate to form an mixed metal oxide layer, heating the coated substrate to a temperature exceeding 600degreesC or exceeding the point where recrystallization of the mixed metal oxide material begins, and adding electrolyte layer(s). The firing is carried out in a stepwise process comprising increasing spin rates. Preferred Component: The mixed metal oxide comprises a material from doped cerium, doped zirconium, or their mixtures. The suspension has an aqueous continuous phase or non-aqueous continuous phase. The mixed metal oxide is an electrolyte material from samarium doped-ceria (SDC), gadolinium doped-ceria (GDC), yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ), cubic fluorite structures, duped cubic fluorite, proton-exchange polymer, proton-exchange ceramics, or their mixtures. The suspension further comprises an additive from binder or dispersant. The substrate comprises a material from aluminum trioxide, electrode material, anode material, quartz, silicon, ceramics, or their mixtures. Preferred Property: The nanoparticles comprise 5-75 nanometers (nm).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The additive comprises a compound from polyvinyl alcohol acrylic emulsions, polyamideepichlorohydrin, acrylamide, methylcellulose, polyvinyl butadiene, or their mixtures.