TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Condition: The charge is constant-current constant voltage charge. The charge is performed with current density of less than 10 mA/cm2.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The element which is alloyed is silicon or tin. The material (A) is alloy or solid solution, preferably n-type or p-type semiconductor which doped boron or phosphorus to semiconductor element. The composite particles are covered by material containing carbon. Preferred Process: Materials (A,B) are dispersed in solvent to obtain mixture (M1). The mixture (M1) is sprayed and dried by the spray-drying method, and granulated, to obtain composite particles. Then, the composite particles are covered with the material containing carbon.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The element which is alloyed is silicon or tin. The material (A) is alloy or solid solution, preferably n-type or p-type semiconductor which doped boron or phosphorus to semiconductor element. The composite particles are covered by material containing carbon. Preferred Process: Materials (A,B) are dispersed in solvent to obtain mixture (M1). The mixture (M1) is sprayed and dried by the spray-drying method, and granulated, to obtain composite particles. Then, the composite particles are covered with the material containing carbon.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Electrolyte: The nonaqueous electrolyte is liquid electrolyte or gel-form polymer electrolyte containing mixed solvent of organic solvent such as ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxylethane, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate and/or methyl-ethyl carbonate. EXAMPLE - Carbon fiber having diameter of 0.2 microns and mean fiber length of 5 microns, graphite having average particle diameter of 2 microns, and silicon powder having average particle diameter of 1 microns, were mixed at a mass ratio of 60:30:10, and granulated to obtain composite particles. The composite particle had average particle diameter of 10 microns, true density of 2.2 g/cm3, bulk density of 0.8 g/cm3, and volume of voids occupation rate (Vs) of 51%. Polyvinylidene fluoride (in mass parts) (5), carbon powder (5), and composite particles (90) were mixed. Dehydrated N-methyl pyrrolidone was dispersed in the resulting product, to obtain slurry. The obtained slurry was applied on copper foil which was cathode collector, dried, rolled, and subjected to cutting process, to obtain disk shaped component. The obtained component was dried for 24 hours, to obtain cathode. A coin-shaped battery comprising anode, cathode, and nonaqueous electrolyte which dissolved 1 mol/L of lithium hexafluorophosphate in mixed solvent containing propylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate at a mass ratio of 1:1, was formed. The obtained battery had favorable capacitance, volumetric-shrinkage rate, durability and charging-and-discharging cycle characteristics.