NOVELTY - Process for converting a feedstock (containing carbohydrates and proteins) into at least one useful material, comprises: preparing a slurry from the feedstock; and reacting the slurry in a first reaction to produce a reacted feed comprising at least one reacted solid product, at least one reacted liquid product, and water.    USE - The product is useful as fuel oil (claimed), fertilizer and speciality organic chemicals.    ADVANTAGE - The products are depleted of mercury-containing or sulfur-containing contaminants and are pathogen-free (claimed) and DNA-free. The products have no risk in agricultural applications, where there would be a danger that the products could re-enter the food chain. The process reduces the environmental pollution potential arising from inorganic waste stream.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Process for converting a feedstock (containing carbohydrates and proteins) into at least one useful material, comprises: preparing a slurry from the feedstock; and reacting the slurry in a first reaction comprising adding one or more reagents that suppress hydrolysis of carbohydrates, and encourage dissociation of amines; separating the reacted solid product, water, and liquid product from the reacted feed; and converting the liquid product into at least one useful material in a second reaction. INDPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) a fuel oil manufactured by the process; and    (2) an apparatus for converting the feedstock into at least one useful material comprising: a pre-treatment unit for producing a heated slurry from the feedstock; a first stage reactor (communicating with the vessel to receive the heated slurry and configured to subject the heated slurry to a first increased temperature and pressure to produce a reacted feed that comprises at least one reacted solid product, at least one reacted liquid product, and water, and also configured to accept one or more reagents that suppress hydrolysis of carbohydrates, and encourage dissociation of amines); at least one second stage separation unit (communicating with the first stage reactor to receive the solid product, liquid product, and water and configured to separate out the reacted solid product, water, and liquid product); and a third stage reactor communicating with the separation unit to receive the reacted liquid product and configured to subject the reacted liquid product to a second increased pressure and a second increased temperature, to convert the reacted liquid product to the useful material.