NOVELTY - A photovoltaic cell comprises an absorber to absorb electromagnetic radiation; two substrates comprising respective conductive surfaces; an electron transporter in electrical communication with the second conductive surface and is electrically insulated from first substrate; and a hole transporter that is in electrical communication with the first conductive surface and electrically insulated from the second substrate.    USE - In photovoltaic cells as solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic cells can provide an energy conversion efficiency of greater than or equal to10 (preferably greater than or equal to20, especially greater than or equal to30)% and are versatile and flexible, have a light weight and can be manufactured by flexible methods such as using roll mills. The photovoltaic cells have reduced charge transport distances and minimize or prevent recombinations and backreactions, and can be easily mass produced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic cell comprises an absorber that can absorb electromagnetic radiation; a first substrate comprising a first conductive surface; a second substrate comprising a second conductive surface that is opposed to the first conductive surface and faces the first conductive surface of the first substrate; an electron transporter that is in electrical communication with the second conductive surface of the second substrate, but is electrically insulated from the first substrate; and a hole transporter that is in electrical communication with the first conductive surface of the first substrate, but is electrically insulated from the second substrate. The hole transporter and/or the electron transporter are chemically bonded to an electrically insulating sheath; and to the absorber. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (A) a photovoltaic cell comprising: a cylinder comprising a first intrinsically conducting polymer capable of transporting electrons to a second substrate; a matrix capable of conducting holes to a first substrate. The matrix is optically transparent and surrounds the cylinder, but is not in electrical communication with it; a sheathed layer disposed between the cylinder and the matrix and in intimate contact with the cylinder and the matrix. The sheathed layer comprises electrically insulating molecules and is at least 0.2 nanometer thick; an absorber chemically bonded to the first intrinsically conducting polymer and disposed between the cylinder and the matrix in a manner such that it is in electrical communication with the cylinder while being electrically insulated from the matrix. The absorber is capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation of wavelengths of 300 - 1100 nanometers. The first and the second substrate are in electrical communication with one another;    (B) a photovoltaic composition comprising: the electron transporter optionally bonded to an electrically insulating molecule; the hole transporter optionally bonded to the electrically insulating molecule; and the absorber;    (C) a device comprising the composition;    (D) manufacturing a photovoltaic cell involving: blending a composition comprising an absorber that is capable of absorbing electromagnetic radiation; an electron transporter and/or a hole transporter; and/or an electrically insulating molecule; and depositing the composition upon a substrate.