NOVELTY - The aqueous lithium secondary battery has anode (2), cathode, and aqueous electrolyte liquid. The anode has anode compound material containing anode active material and cathode has cathode compound material containing cathode active material. The anode active material consists of lithium-containing complex oxide, electroconductivity agent (253) and binder (255). The cathode active material consists of lithium-containing complex oxide other than lithium containing complex oxide of anode active material, electroconductive agent and binder.    USE - As power supply for electric vehicles, portable communication apparatus and information terminals such as personal computer and mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The aqueous lithium secondary battery has excellent battery capacity, durability, initial stage performance and battery resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The aqueous lithium secondary battery has an anode formed by bonding an anode compound material to an anode collector, a cathode forming by bonding a cathode compound material to a cathode collector, and an aqueous electrolyte liquid formed by dissolving lithium salt in water. The anode compound material contains an anode active material, and the cathode compound material contains a cathode active material. The anode active material consists of lithium-containing complex oxide which desorbs and occludes lithium, an electrical conductivity agent containing carbon type material having electroconductivity, and a binder. The cathode active material consists of lithium-containing complex oxide which desorbs lithium other than lithium containing complex oxide of anode active material, an electrical conductivity agent containing carbon type material having electroconductivity, and a binder. The anode active material and/or cathode active material is coated with coupling agent (252) (0.01-20 wt.pts) having hydrophilic hydrolysable group and/or hydrophobic group with respect to 100 wt.pts of active material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the explanatory drawing of the structure of anode. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Anode (2)    Anode collector (21)    Anode compound material (25)    Coupling agent (252)    Electrical conductivity agent (253)    Binder (255)