TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CERAMICS AND GLASS - Preferred Materials: The coating material compound further comprises a ceramic coating material compound. The ceramic coating material compound further comprises iridium oxide, tantalum oxide, and/or titanium oxide.The ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide compound comprising alkaline earth metals and/or metals of Groups VIII, VIB, and VII B of the periodic table. The doping metal oxide compound is cobalt, iron, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, manganese, calcium, magnesium, and/or barium. The ceramic coating material compound further comprises a doping metal oxide added in an amount of 0.1-5 wt.% of the coating material compound.Preferred Method: The step of coating the metal base substrate comprises applying the coating material compound by plating, cladding, extruding, plasma spray and/or thermal decomposition.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Method: The method further comprises step of adding water to the electrolytic liquid which is only required after operation of the internal combustion engine for an effective mileage period substantially equivalent to at least 10000 miles. The step of combining the water and electrolyte further comprises making a concentration of the electrolyte in the water at a molarity range of 0.001-0.2 (preferably 0.005-0.1) mol/L. The source of electric potential further comprises varying an effective voltage drop across the anode and the cathode as water is removed from the electrolytic liquid, or a substantially constant current of 30 amps and a variable voltage.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Materials: The metal base substrate compound further comprises a valve metal compound selected from titanium, tungsten, tantalum, niobium, aluminum, and/or zirconium. The metal base substrate compound further comprises titanium, or platinum group metal. The metal base substrate compound further comprises a titanium alloyed with less than 0.2 wt.% palladium. The metal base substrate compound further comprises precious metals, precious metal oxides, and/or valve metal oxides. The gas comprises at least hydrogen gas. The electrolyte is potassium hydroxide. The electrolytic liquid is at a pH of 11-13.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Method: The control method further comprises generating a third signal based on the first signal relating to the resistivity of the electrolytic liquid, the third signal indicating that the anode and the cathode should be de-energized and being utilized to de-energize the cathode and the anode. The control method further comprises sensing a parameter indicative of a temperature of the electrolytic liquid and generating a temperature signal for facilitating control of the temperature of the electrolytic liquid by triggering a heater and/or a cooling fan to effectively adjust the temperature of the electrolytic liquid. The sensing signal is derived from an electrical parameter across the anode and the cathode including any one of voltage drop, resistivity, conductivity, and/or capacitance.Preferred Parameter: The slight pressure differential across the nozzle further comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between pressure present at the inlet and pressure present at the outlet. The substantially ambient pressure comprises less than one atmosphere of difference between the hydrogen gas supplied to the inlet of the nozzle and ambient pressure.Preferred Components: The nozzle has at least one effectively small orifice to provide the small pressure differential. The nozzle is a single unit milled from aluminum, drilled axially through the center, and threaded on both ends to provide suitable connection to lines connecting to the electrolysis chamber and to the air intake or turbine housing passage of the internal combustion engine.The close proximity of the cathode and anode is characterized with a distance (d), and the cylindrical diameter is characterized with a diameter (Dia.) such that the ratio of Dia.:d is 100:1-20:1. The anode further comprises a mesh portion which permits a substantial flow vector to pass through the anode.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The alternate fuel comprises oxygenates, E85, MTBE, biofuel, ethanol and hydrocarbon compounds, bio-diesel, or synthetic diesel. The alternate fuel comprises a non-fossil fuel content greater than 10 wt.%.