TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The reforming catalyst has structure where a catalyst metal particle of at least one selected from nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, platinum and cobalt is supported on a carrier selected from alumina, magnesia, ceria, lanthanum oxide, zirconia, silica and titania; granular or pellet shape and has a diameter of 2 - 10 mm. The lithium composite oxide is lithium silicate. The carbon dioxide absorbent is a porous body having particles of 2 - 50 microns and a porosity of 30 - 80%. The reactor is filled with the reforming catalyst and the carbon dioxide absorbent in a weight ratio of 1:1 - 1:8.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The ethanol is ethanol water solution vapor. Preferred Method: The heating during the water-vapor reforming is carried out at 600 - 750degreesC. The reactor has an exhaust pipe having a back pressure valve (11) interposed in it, and the inside of the reactor is pressurized to 3 - 15 atmosphere by a restrictive operation of the back pressure valve. The pressure inside the reactor during the water-vapor reforming is 3 - 10 atmosphere. The method further involve: preparing several reactors (where the water-vapor reforming is carried out in at least one reactor), and carbon dioxide is simultaneously desorbed from the carbon dioxide absorbent having been absorbed the carbon dioxide in the remaining reactors to regenerate the carbon dioxide. EXAMPLE - Cylindrical body (inner diameter of 0.02 m and height of 1.2 m) of reforming reactor was filled with the reforming catalyst (40 g) and carbon dioxide absorbent (240 g) in a mixed state so that its height was set to 1 m. As the reforming catalyst, there were used alumina particles as carriers on which rhodium (5 wt.%) was supported and which had an average particle diameter of 5 mm. As the carbon dioxide absorbent, there was used a powder compact, i.e. a porous body having a diameter of 5 mm, length of 5 mm and a porosity of 50%, which was obtained by pressurizing and molding lithium silicate powder having a particle diameter of 2 - 4 microns. The vapor of the ethanol water solution having a composition in which ethanol and water were mixed at the molar ratio of 1:6 was supplied in the amount of 0.033 m3/hour (gaseous normal condition conversion) to the cylindrical body of the reforming reactor heated to 600degreesC through the gas introducing pipe, thus carrying out the water-vapor reforming of the ethanol. At this time, the inside of the cylindrical body was pressurized to 3 atmosphere by the restriction adjustment of the back pressure valve interposed in the product gas discharge pipe and thus produces hydrogen (97 vol.%) CH4 (remainder) and CO (0.15 vol.%) and CO2 (0.13 vol.%).