TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Properties: The electrochemical cell is capable of providing discharge rates equal to or greater than C/5 at temperatures lower than or equal to -40degreesC, where C is the capacity of the electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell is capable of providing a specific capacity equal to or greater than 625 mAhg-1 at a discharge rate equal to or greater than C/40 and with a discharge voltage greater than or equal to 2V at temperature equal to -40degreesC.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Material: The carbonaceous material is chosen from graphite, coke, multi-walled carbon nanotubes, multi-layered carbon nanofibers, multi-layered carbon nanoparticles, carbon nanowhiskers, and carbon nanorods. x is preferably 0.5-0.85. The unfluorinated carbon component is 5-70 mass%, preferably 10-20 mass%, of the subfluorinated carbonaceous material. The subfluorinated carbonaceous material comprises nanostructured particles consisting of fluorinated domains and unfluorinated domains. The fluorinated domains of the nanostructured particles have an average stoichiometry CFy, where y is the average atomic ratio of fluorine atoms to carbon atoms, preferably 0.8-0.9. The fluorinated and unfluorinated domains have physical dimensions less than 50 nm. The fluorinated domains and unfluorinated domains are uniformly distributed throughout the nanostructured particles. Preferred Components: The anode further comprises conductive diluent chosen from acetylene black, carbon black, powdered graphite, coke, carbon fiber, and metallic powder. The cathode comprises a source of ions of a metal chosen from groups 1, 2 and 3, preferably a source of lithium ions chosen from lithium metal, lithium alloy, and carbon-lithium material. The non-aqueous electrolyte is a solution comprising a lithium salt and a solvent. The lithium salt is lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium fluoride, lithium perchlorate, lithium hexafluoro arsenate, lithium hexafluoro antimonate, and/or lithium hexafluoro phosphate. The concentration of lithium salt in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is less than 1M, preferably 0.75-0.25M.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Solvent: The solvent comprises propylene carbonate, 1,2-dimethoxy ethane, trifluoroethyl ether, diethyl ether, diethoxyethane, 1,3-dioxolane, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyl-tetrahydrofuran, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, methyl formate, alpha-butyrolactone, methylacetate, and any fluorine analogs. Preferably, the solvent comprises a mixture of propylene carbonate and 1,2-dimethoxy ethane in a volume ratio of 0.25-1. The solvent further comprises ether (10-40 vol.%) having fluoroalkyl group(s), preferably trifluoroethyl ether. Preferred Component: The non-aqueous electrolyte solution further comprises an anion receptor, preferably fluoride ion anion receptor. The anion receptor binds to fluoride ion and is capable of dissolving at least in portion a layer of lithium fluoride generated upon discharge of the electrochemical cell. The anion receptor has a chemical structure of formula: R1-B(-R3)-R2 or R6O-B(-OR5)-OR4.R1-R3=alkyl, aromatic, ether, thioether, heterocyclic, aryl or heteroaryl groups which are optionally substituted with one or more halogens, including F, alkyl, alkoxide, thiol, thioalkoxide, aromatic, ether or thioether;andR4-R6=alkyl, aromatic, heterocyclic, aryl or heteroaryl groups which are optionally substituted with one or more halogens, including F, alkyl, alkoxide, thiol, thioalkoxide, aromatic, ether or thioether.The anion receptor has a chemical structure chosen from structures of formulae (1-4). The anion receptor is (CH3O)3B, (CF3CH2O)3B, (C3F7CH2O)3B, ((CF3)2CHO)3B, ((CF3)2C(C6H5)O)3B, ((CF3)CO)3B, (C6H5O)3B, (FC6H4O)3B, (F2C6H3O)3B, (F4C6HO)3B, (C6F5O)3B, (CF3C6H4O)3B, ((CF3)2C6H3O)3B, and/or (C6F5)3B. The concentration of anion receptor in the non-aqueous electrolyte solution is less than 2M.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The anode further comprises a binder. The binder is a polymer, preferably a fluoropolymer.