TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The photosensitized interconnected nanoparticle material is titanium oxides, zirconium oxides, zinc oxides, tungsten oxides, niobium oxides, lanthanum oxides, tin oxides, tantalum oxides and/or terbium oxides. The photosensitized interconnected nanoparticle material comprises: particles with an average size of 5-80 nm; photosensitizing agent that comprises a molecule such as xanthines, cyanines, merocyanines, phthalocyanines or pyrroles; photosensitizing agent that comprises a metal ion such as divalent or trivalent metals; photosensitizing agent that comprises a ruthenium transition metal complex, osmium transition metal complex, and an iron transition metal complex; and nanoparticles linked by a polymeric linking agent. The catalytic media layer comprises platinum. The electrical conductor material comprises indium tin oxide.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Composition: (I) further comprises: a hole transport material; a catalytic media layer disposed between the first and second flexible; and an electrical conductor material applied to at least one of the first and second flexible. Preferred Components: The photoactive layer comprises a heterojunction composite material, which comprises fullerenes (preferably carbon60), fullerene particles having an average size of 100-400 nm, carbon nanotubes, and conjugated polymer (such as polythiophene, polyquinoline or polyphenylene vinylene). The polymeric linking agent has a metal containing backbone structure of formula (-(A-O-)m-). The charge carrier material comprises: a redox electrolyte system; and a polymeric electrolyte. The hole transport material comprises polythiophene, polyaniline or poly(3,4-ethylene dioxythiophene). The first and second flexible comprises a polyethylene naphthalate material or a polyethylene terephthalate material. The first and second rigid comprises glass, which comprises tempered glass. The heterojunction composite material is dispersed in the hole transport material. The photoactive layer comprises a photosensitized interconnected nanoparticle material and a charge carrier material.A = metal; andm = an integer greater than 4. EXAMPLE - A titanium dioxide nanoparticle film was coated on a tinoxide:fluorine coated glass slide. The nanoparticle film coated slide was dipped in solution (1 wt.%) (containing poly(n-butyl anate) in n-butanol) for 15 minutes and then heated at 150degreesC for 30 minutes. The polylinker treated titaniumoxide film was then photosensitized with a 3x10-4 cis-bis(isothiocyanato)bis(2,2'-bipyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato)-ruthenium(II) solution for 1 hour. The polylinker treated titaniumoxide film coated slide was then fabricated into a 0.6 cm2 photovoltaic cell by sandwiching a triiodide based liquid redox electrolyte between the titaniumoxide film coated slide a platinum coated tinoxide:fluorine glass slide. The platinum coating was approximately 60 nm thick.