TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Method: Attaching the carbon nanotube involves dispersing the carbon nanotube having the anchoring functional group in a solvent; and immersing in the dispersion of the carbon nanotube the transparent electrode with the layer of metal oxide particles formed on it. Dispersing the carbon nanotube in the solvent is facilitated using ultrasonication and/or thermal treatment.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The carbon nanotube is selected from single-walled carbon nanotube, double-walled carbon nanotube, triple-walled carbon nanotube, quadruple-walled carbon nanotube, carbon nanohorn, and carbon nanofiber. The layer of metal oxide particles comprises titanium oxide, tungsten oxide, niobium oxide, hafnium oxide, indium oxide, tin oxide and/or zinc oxide. The layer of metal oxide particles has a nanostructure comprising quantum dot, nanodot, nanotube, nanowire, nanobelt and/or nanoparticle.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The dye is selected from ruthenium complexes, xanthine-based dyes, cyanine-based dyes, basic dyes, porphyrin-based compounds, complex compounds, anthraquinone-based dyes and/or polycyclic quinone-based dyes. The solvent is selected from alcohol, ketone, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, amide, pyrrolidone, hydroxyester, aniline, hexane, terpineol, chloroform, toluene, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate and/or N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone. EXAMPLE - A glass substrate was sputtered with fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO), and then coated with a paste of titanium dioxide (TiO2) particles, having an average particle size of 13 nm. Drying at 70degreesC for 30 minutes was followed by sintering at 500degreesC for 60 minutes in an electric furnace to produce a porous TiO2 membrane having a thickness of about 15 microns, on the glass substrate. The 4-benzoic acid-conjugated carbon nanotubes (CNT-PhCOOH)n) (4 mg) were dispersed in ethanol (15 ml) and subjected to ultrasonification for 1 hour in a water bath maintained at 50degreesC to produce a carbon nanotube solution. The glass substrate with the TiO2 layer formed on it was immersed for 5 minutes in the carbon nanotube solution. After completion of the attachment of the carbon nanotubes, the glass substrate was immersed for 24 hours in a solution of cis-bis(isothiocyanato)-bis(2,2-bypyridyl-4,4'-dicarboxylato)-ruthenium (II) in ethanol so as to adsorb the dye onto the TiO2 layer. The dye-adsorbed electrode thus obtained was washed with ethanol and dried to produce a semiconductor electrode.