NOVELTY - Treatment and reprocessing of residues and effluents from olive oil production units and the reprocessing of cork industry residues involves: mixing effluents and residues from the olive oil production units with the cork dust and/or particles originating from the exterior surface of the cork planks to obtain a pulp or sludge.    USE - For the treatment and reprocessing of residues and effluents from olive oil production units and the reprocessing of cork industry residues to obtain pulps or sludge which is as a fertilizer or as a source of energy or as a rectifier of soil characteristics (all claimed); as fuel for burning. The cork industry residue includes cork dust (cork particles less than 0.2 mm in size).    ADVANTAGE - The method treats and reprocesses residues and effluents from olive oil production units and the reprocesses cork industry residues to obtain pulps or sludge which solves environmental problems resulting from the discharge of those effluents and creates a viable and profitable alternative to warehousing and deposition in the landfill either for residues and effluents from olive oil production units or for residues from the cork industry. The method produces pulps or sludge in an increasing productivity and is more environmentally-friendly; is cost effective; produces pulps or sludge having commercial value and constitute an attractive financial compensation for the olive oil production units and for the cork transformation units. The method provides the solution to an environmental problem namely the drainage of olive mill wastewater and of the husks; the reprocessing of effluents and residues of the olive oil production units; the reduction of the negative environmental impact resulting from olive oil production industrial reprocessing of the cork residues enables the creation of a valid alternative to a simple use as fuel for burning, enabling its sale to the olive oil industry and reducing the possibility of it being poured into the ground.