TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The filler material contains at least macro-particles, nano-particles, fibers, nano-fibers or nano-tubes, preferably graphite.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Composition: The bipolar panel is a composite panel, which contains a polymer and a filler material containing carbon. The bipolar panel exhibits a substrate containing a metal or a metal alloy, as topcoat and a coating above the substrate, where the coating comprises a polymer and a filler material, preferably carbon.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The provision of an electrolyte solution that is formed from a diazonium salt comprises the dissolution of a p-sulfanylphenyldiazonium tetrafluoroborate in a buffer solution. Preferred Components: The functional group is R, OR, COR, COOR, OCOR, lithium carboxylate, sodium carboxylate, potassium carboxylate, COO-NR4+, halo, CN, NR2, sulfonic groups, lithium sulfonate, sodium sulfonate, potassium sulfonate, SO3NR4+, hydrogen sulfate, OSO3--salts, NR(COR), CONR2, nitrogen dioxide, phosphoric acid, sodium phosphonate, disodium phosphonate, OPO3HNa, OPO3Na2, N=NR, NR3+X-, PR3+X-, SkR, SSO3H, SSO3-salts, SO2NRRa, SO2SR, SNRRa, SNQ, sulfur dioxide, NQ, CO2NQ, S-(1,4-piperazine-diyl)-SR, 2-(1,3-dithianyl), 2-(1,3-dithiolanyl), SOR or SO2R, preferably an aromatic group, an ionic group or an ionizable group, a quaternium group, a quaternary ammonium or a quaternary phosphonium group, (C5H4N)C2H5+, C6H4(NC5H5)+, C6H4COCH2N(CH3)3+, C6H4COCH2(NC5H5)+, (C5H4N)CH3+ or C6H4CH2N(CH3)3+.R, Ra = H, optionally substituted, optionally saturated 1-20C-hydrocarbons;k = 1-8;X- = halide ion, an anion derived from a mineral acid or an organic acid, Q(CH2)w, (CH2)x, O(CH2)z, (CH2 )xNR(CH2)z or (CH2)xS(CH2)z;w = 2-6; andx, z = 1-6.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Process: The process further comprises development of a bipolar composite panel containing a polymer and a filler material, which contains carbon, where the filler material is encapsulated by a thin layer of the polymer, so that no filler material is exposed, and removal of the thin polymer layer for facilitating the activation of the filler material and a part of the carbon, in order to render a bipolar fuel cell panel, which contains activated carbon at an outer surface of the bipolar panel.