TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred component: In the membrane-electrode assembly the anode comprises a conductive electrode substrate and a catalyst layer on the conductive electrode substrate.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The chalcogen is selenium or tellurium and it has a nanotube or nanowire shape.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Catalyst: (I) comprises (atom %) A metal (30 to 60 ) and B (40 to 70). The catalyst comprises (I) (5 to 75 wt.%) supported on the carrier. The catalyst layer of the anode comprises catalyst selected from platinum, ruthenium, osmium, a platinum-ruthenium alloy, a platinum-osmium alloy, a platinum-palladium alloy, or a platinum-M alloy, (where M is a transition element selected from gallium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, tin, molybdenum, tunsten, rhodium and/or ruthenium). In the membrane-electrode assembly the anode and the cathode include the same catalyst. Preferred Method: In manufacturing of the catalyst, the drying is performed at 50 to 120degreesC and the heat-treatment is performed at 200 to 850degreesC for 1 to 5 hours. EXAMPLE - Sodium tellurate Na2TeO3 (1 mmol) was mixed with sodium sulfate (3 mmol). The mixture was put in a stainless steel pressure container. Then, the container was filled with distilled water up to (80 Vol.%). Then, the stainless steel pressure container was sealed and left at 180degreesC for 12 hours, and cooled to room temperature. A silver-gray solid was formed in the container. The solid was filtered, washed, and dried at 60degreesC for 4 hours under a vacuum atmosphere to give tellurium nanotubes (n1). (n1) (0.5 g) was mixed with palladium acetylacetonate (1.2 g) and molybdenum carbonyl (0.7 g) in water (75 ml) for 24 hours. Then mixture was filtered, dried at 90degreesC for 3 hours, and heat-treated at 225degreesC for 2 hours to give Pd-Mo alloy catalyst supported on Te nanotubes. The prepared catalyst had a composition ratio in (atom%) of Pd (51) and Mo (49) . The catalyst was supported on Te nanotubes in an amount of (43 wt%) of entire amount of the catalyst. A working electrode (test) was prepared by loading the catalysts on glassy carbon to be (3.78 x 10-3 mg), a platinum mesh was employed as a counter electrode. Ruthenium carbonyl (0.6 g), selenium (0.03 g), and carbon (1 g) were put in toluene (150 ml) and mixed together at 140degreesC for 24 hours. The solution was filtered and dried at 80degreesC and heat-treated at 225degreesC for 3 hours under a hydrogen atmosphere, to give Ru-Se alloy catalyst (C2) supported on ketjen black. A working electrode (comparative) was prepared similarly by loading the catalyst (C2) on glassy carbon. An oxygen-saturated sulfuric acid solution was prepared by bubbling oxygen gas for 2 hours in a sulfuric acid solution of a (0.5M) concentration. Then, the prepared electrodes were placed into the oxygen-saturated sulfuric acid solution and current density was measured while changing a voltage. The test/comparative showed current density of 1.59/0.44 mA/cm2 (0.7 V) respectively.