TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Process: The process uses a catalyst of Ag solely or together with TiO2 and/or Te for the cathode reaction in the first step; uses a catalyst of SiO2 and TiO2 together with Ag for the anode reaction in the second step; uses a catalyst containing Ag (60-94 %), Te (5-30 %) and/or Ru, and Pt (1-10 %) solely or together with Au and/or TiO2, (preferably in the proportions 90:9:1) for the anode reaction in the third step; uses water as a reductant at the anode together with catalyst of carbon black, anthraquinone and Ag for anode reaction involving converting water to hydrogen peroxide and hydronium ion. The process carries out the three reaction steps in three cells with series connected flows in the reactor; maintains the reactions on the anode side and the cathode side in stoichiometric balance with one another in each individual step.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The membrane consists of glass. The glass is doped to permit passage of protons/hydronium ions.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: In the reactor, on the cathode side, the first cell has a catalyst of Ag solely or together with TiO2 and/or Te for carrying out the cathode reaction of carbon dioxide and water to obtain formic acid and water; the second cell has a catalyst of SiO2 and TiO2 together with Ag for carrying out cathode reaction of formic acid and water to obtain formaldehyde and water; and the third cell has a catalyst containing Ag (60-94 %), Te (5-30 %) and/or Ru, and Pt (1-10 %) solely or together with Au and/or TiO2 (preferably in the proportions 90:9:1) for carrying out cathode reaction of formaldehyde and water to obtain methanol and water. The cells are designed for using a liquid reductant. In the reactor, on the anode side, all cells have a catalyst of carbon black, anthraquinone and Ag for the use of water as liquid reductant and production of hydrogen peroxide in the anode reaction involving converting water to hydrogen peroxide and hydronium ion. In the reactor, the membrane is a carrier for the catalysts on the cathode side and/or the anode side; the cathode, the anode, and the membrane are thin plates that are attached to one another and have a thickness of less than 1 mm (where both sides of the membrane are plane, and the cathode and the anode have one plane side and an opposed side that faces the membrane and is provided with a surface structure, which produces an optimized flow of liquid over substantially the entire side of the plate). The surface structure is composed of channels having a wave-shaped cross-section. In the reactor, the thin cathode and anode plates consist of sheet-metal having a thickness of 0.6-0.1 (preferably 0.3) mm, and the channels have a width of 2-3 mm and depth of 0.5-0.05 mm.