TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Properties: The ratio (W2/W1) of the weight ratio (W2) of polyelectrolyte/catalyst particles in an electrode to 50% of total electrode weight to the thickness direction from the ionic-conduction film side with respect to the weight ratio (W1) of polyelectrolyte/catalyst particles in an electrode to 50% of total electrode weight in the thickness direction from the surface, is 100-130%. The anode and/or cathode are formed of several layers. The ratio (V2/V1) is 85-100%.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Polyelectrolyte: The polyelectrolyte is a block copolymer consisting of polymer segment having an ionic-conduction component, covalently bonded with polymer segment not having an ionic-conduction component. The polyelectrolyte has a structure in which the main-chain structure is formed by covalently bonding the aromatic ring with a bonding group. The polyelectrolyte is a sulfonic-acid group-containing polyarylene having a structure of formula (1).Y'=-CO-, -SO2-, -SO-, -CONH, -COO-, -(CF2)i-, or -C(CF3)2;i=1-10;Z=direct bond, -(CH2)j-, -C(CH3)2-, -O-, or -S-;j=i;Ar=-SO3H, -O(CH2)pSO3H, or -O(CF2)3SO3H;p=1-12;m,n=0-10;k=1-4;A,D'=direct bond, -CO-, -SO2-, -SO-, -CONH-, -COO-, -(CF2)i-, -(CH2)j-, -CR'2-, cyclohexylidene, fluorenylidene, -O-, or -S-;R'=aliphatic hydrocarbon, aromatic hydrocarbon, or halogenated hydrocarbon;B'=oxygen or sulfur;R1-R16=H, fluorine, alkyl, halogenated alkyl, aryl, allyl, nitro, or nitrile;s,t,p=0-4;r=0, or 1 or more;Z'=direct bond, -O-, or -S-;R20=nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring group;q=1-5;andx+y+z=100 mol%.Preferred Components: The anode and/or cathode is provided with water repellent chosen from fluorine-containing copolymer having structural unit derived from (meth)acrylate containing polyfluoroalkyl group, and fluorine-containing copolymer having structural unit of formula: -CF2-C(-X1)(-F)- derived from fluorine-containing olefin-type monomer, and structural unit of formula: -CH2-C(-X2)(-X3)- derived from vinyl ether group monomer.X1=fluorine, fluoroalkyl, or -OW1;W1=alkyl or fluoroalkyl;X2=H or methyl;X3=-(CH2)hOW2, -OCOW3, carboxyl, or alkoxycarbonyl;W2=alkyl, hydroxyalkyl, glycidyl or fluoroalkyl;h=0-2;andW3=alkyl, hydroxyalkyl or glycidyl.