TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The carbon sequestration and dry reforming process further comprises mechanically withdrawing the solid carbon particles, adding steam to the reactant gas mixture, and activating the catalyst by producing a superficial iron oxide grains layer. Dry reforming of the reactant gas mixture is carried out on a three-dimension (3D) catalyst at a first reaction temperature and the sequestering of the carbon is carried out on the 2D catalyst(s) at a second reaction temperature. Thermal-oxidative pretreatment comprises heating a carbon steel material at above 400degreesC, and oxidizing the material at room temperature to form an iron oxide layer at the surface of the iron. The catalytic metal precursor is deposited by thermal plasma deposition using nitrates, carbonates, or chlorides of the catalytic metal precursor; or by impregnation of the non-porous support using nitrate salts or chloride salts of the active metal. The deposited catalytic material is pressed over the substrate, and heated under an inert gas flow. The assembly of the metal impregnated on the nonporous support is calcinated. The 2D catalyst is heated to higher than the eutectic point and the steel is transformed into its alpha-phase. The reactor is operable in solid carbon recovery mode or catalyst regeneration mode. Preferred Component: The organic material and the carbon dioxide in the reactant gas mixture have a molar ratio of 0.3-3. The catalyst comprises an active metal deposited on non-porous support(s). The 2D carbon sequestration catalyst comprises an activated iron-based catalytic material. The non-porous support is a ceramic support consisting of alumina, zirconia, or phosphate oxide; or a metallic support comprising fritted molybdenum. The catalytic metal precursor is one of a nitrate, a carbonate, and a chloride. The inert gas is nitrogen.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Component: The iron-based catalytic material is iron carbide, preferably F3C or Fe7C; or iron oxide, preferably FeO, Fe2O3 or Fe304. It comprises nickel, chrome and/or cobalt alloying elements. The active metal is nickel, platinum group metals promoted nickel, alkali-enhanced nickel, copper-promoted nickel, and tin-promoted nickel. EXAMPLE - A catalyst was prepared by co-impregnation of alumina support, with ruthenium-promoted nickel precursors. Metal salts (8 g alumina, 0.3238 g ruthenium chloride, and 3.17 g hydrous nickel nitrate) in an aqueous solution were added to the support. After stirring for 24 hours, the solid was placed in oven for 12 hours at 80degreesC. The catalyst was then calcinated with air at 400degreesC for 5 hours at 3degreesC/minute. The catalyst was reduced in situ under a hydrogen flow (150 ml/minute) for 90 minutes at 400degreesC. The temperature was increased to reaction temperature under nitrogen. The dry reforming of ethanol was performed at 500degreesC for 90 minutes under carbon dioxide (CO2) flow of 200 ml/minute and molar ratio of ethanol to CO2 of 0.5. One gram of catalyst was used. After 90 minutes of reaction, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, ethylene and ethane were formed. The yield of solid carbon was 52% and that of hydrogen was 75%. The sequestered carbon was analyzed by electron microscopy and found as a valuable product.