NOVELTY - Converting (M1) a lignocellulosic material into biofuel involves pre-treating the lignocellulosic material by dissolving in ionic liquid to form a solution of dissolved lignocellulosic material in ionic liquid, and carrying out at least one further step to convert the dissolved lignocellulosic material to a biofuel or to a reactant in the direct preparation of a biofuel.    USE - For converting lignocellulosic material (selected from tobacco, corn, corn stovers, corn residues, cornhusks, sugarcane bagasse, castor oil plant, rapeseed plant, soybean plant, cereal straw, grain processing by-products, bamboo, bamboo pulp, bamboo sawdust, energy grasses, rice straw, paper sludge, waste papers, recycled paper, recycled pulp, wood, ball-milled wood powder, sawdust, thermomechanical pulp fibers and wood chips) into biofuel i.e bioethanol (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method is safe, simple, efficient, and low-cost conversion to biofuel. The method avoids the production of by-products i.e. furfural and aldehyde. The method does not require high heat and pressure operations to dissolve the lignocellulosic; reduces installation and maintenance costs; eliminates the cellulose crystallinity; has less corrosion problem and less equipment installation costs compared to the dilute acid methods; is compatible with industrial practices with minimal capital investment requirements. The lignocellulosic materials can be effectively and efficiently solvated at low temperatures and re-precipitated in a regenerating solvent. The solvated lignocellulosic material allows hydrolytic enzymes to rapidly penetrate and hydrolyze the materials in complete presence of the lignin.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a regenerated lignocellulosic material having an amorphous basic physical structure (at least less than 50, preferably at least less than 90)% comprising a lignocellulosic material in its native state;    (2) making (M2) a highly porous, reactive lignocellulosic substrate involving dissolving a lignocellulosic material in an ionic liquid to form a solution, and precipitating the dissolved lignocellulosic material from the ionic liquid to form the highly porous, reactive lignocellulosic substrate;    (3) isolating (M3) hemicellulose from a lignocellulosic material involving dissolving the lignocellulosic material in an ionic liquid, regenerating the lignocellulosic material having a reduced hemicellulose content, separating the regenerated lignocellulose material from the ionic liquid to provide a recycled ionic liquid, and isolating hemicellulose from the recycled ionic liquid.