NOVELTY - Apparatus for hydrothermal carbonization of biological material (A), comprising a pressure reactor (1) with an inlet (4) for (A), an outlet (5) for products (B), sensors, controllers and post-treatment device(s) (10), where the reactor interior is permanently kept under carbonization conditions, has transporter(s) for moving (A) during conversion via intermediates (C) into (B) and/or for inhibiting sticking of (C) to the reactor walls.    USE - The apparatus is used for converting various forms of waste biomass (A) (especially plant residues (e.g. from biodiesel production), clarified sludge and/or excrement) into a useful carbonized product (B), suitable for post-treatment by heating to give a fuel gas and/or by conversion into a solid fuel (both claimed). Typically (B) is converted into synthesis gas or pressed to give fuel briquettes. (B) may also be converted into other products, such as soil improvers.    ADVANTAGE - Introduction of the starting material (A) and removal of the product (B) can be carried out without interrupting carbonization, to that the process can be carried out (quasi-)continuously.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a corresponding carbonization process, in which (a) the pressure reactor (1) is supplied (quasi-)continuously with biological material (A) via the inlet (4) and product (B) is removed via the outlet (5), (b) the reactor interior is kept under suitable temperature and pressure conditions for ccarbonization and (c) transporter(s) are provided for moving (A) during conversion via intermediates (C) into (B) and/or for inhibiting sticking of (C) to the reactor walls.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic diagram of biomass carbonation apparatus.    Pressure reactor (1)    Heating and cooling device (2)    Temperature sensor (3)    Inlet (4)    Outlet (5)    pH sensor (6)    Filling condition sensor (7)    Screw conveyor (8)    Injector for catalyst (9)    Post-treatment device (10)    Pump (11)    Pressure regulating valves (12, 13)    Excess pressure releasing valve (14)    Pressure sensor (15)    Heater (16)    Inlet tube (17)