NOVELTY - Production of biocombustible and biofuel mixtures involves (a) producing mixtures of fatty acid alkyl esters and glycerine by transesterification, starting from lipid-based vegetable or animal materials and from lower alcohols or bioalcohols in excess; and (b) separating the mixtures derived from (a) into a phase based on raw glycerine and a phase containing the mixtures of fatty acid alkyl esters and the excess amount of lower alcohols or bioalcohols.    USE - For producing biocombustible and biofuel mixtures (bio-oil) (claimed), useful in turbogas engine, internal combustion engine, fuel cell, burner, for applications in the fields of land, sea or air transportation, mechanical or electrical energy production or heating systems and in aeronautical applications.    ADVANTAGE - The process produces biocombustible and biofuel mixtures (bio-oil) of very low environmental impact, does not lose its biocompatibility, having a high flash-point of over 110degreesC, high biodegradability in soil or water, of over 99.5% after 20 years, an average reduction of carbon dioxide emission on overall balance, a reduction of fine particulate of 58%, a reduction of 76% of the carbonious part of fine particulate (soot) and a resulting reduction of the mutagenicity values for the particulate, greater oxygen content of 11% with respect to fossil diesel fuel, no aromatic polycyclic hydrocarbons which are highly cancerogenous, no heavy metals or sulfur thus reducing pollution, does not contribute to acid rain and increases the efficiency and duration of catalysts of transport vehicles and industrial plants, a 58% abatement of carbon monoxide emissions at high loads, a decrease in aromatic compounds of up to 68% and a detergent and lubricant action on system components, thus enhancing the safety, reliability, and efficiency of systems, which means considerable reduction of industrial plant dirtying, less maintenance work for some components as well as greater safety and reliability owing to better system functioning.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Production of biocombustible and biofuel mixtures involves (a) producing mixtures of fatty acid alkyl esters and glycerine by transesterification, starting from lipid-based vegetable or animal materials and from lower alcohols or bioalcohols in excess; and (b) separating the mixtures derived from (a) into a phase based on raw glycerine and a phase containing the mixtures of fatty acid alkyl esters and the excess amount of lower alcohols or bioalcohols. The starting lipid-based vegetable or animal materials include at least one of an ingredient selected from raw vegetable oil, refined vegetable oil or used food oil and/or animal fats. The ingredients undergo preliminary treatments upstream of (a), where (i) raw vegetable oil is subjected to a preliminary depuration and refining treatment in order to remove impurities and to neutralize and winterize it, and then drying the refined oil thus obtained; (ii) refined vegetable oil is subjected to preliminary drying; and (iii) used food oil and/or animal fats, is subjected to a preliminary depuration treatment, to drying and then to an esterification of the free fatty acids contained in it, by addition of lower alcohols or bioalcohols. The obtained product based on fatty acid alkyl esters is mixed in a proportion of not greater than 20% with dried refined oil obtained from treatments (i) or (ii). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a biocombustible or biofuel mixture comprising fatty acid alkyl esters (I) obtained by transesterification starting from lower alcohols or bioalcohols or lipid-based vegetable or animal materials subjected to preliminary treatments including drying; and lower alcohols and/or bioalcohols (II).