NOVELTY - Fabricating a liquid containing intermixed elements of groups IB and IIIA, and optionally VIA, involves forming non-oxide nanoparticles (124) (preferably copper-indium-sulfide nanocrystals) containing elements from group IB, IIIA and VIA by spray co-precipitation of at least two reactants (104, 106); and combining the non-oxide nanoparticles to form a liquid that serves as an ink. The reactants further include metal salts, thiourea or selenourea. The non-oxide nanoparticles are added to a solvent to form a suspension, preferably a colloidal suspension.    USE - For preparing a liquid ink useful in photovoltaic device precursor material (claimed); useful for forming active layers for photovoltaic/solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The use of liquid ink avoids the need to expose the material to an hydrogen selenide (H2Se) gas during the construction of a photovoltaic cell and allows more uniform melting during film annealing, more uniform intermixing of nanoparticles, and allows higher quality absorber films to be formed. The use of photovoltaic device precursor material containing liquid ink, provides low-cost, high-volume production of large area photovoltaic devices without having to undergo selenization with hazardous H2Se or reduction of oxides in H2. The inks are compatible with roll-to-roll manufacturing of photovoltaic cells and modules that can be readily scaled up to high production volumes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a photovoltaic device precursor material comprising a liquid ink containing non-oxide metal nanoparticles containing elements from group IB, non-oxide metal nanoparticles from group IIIA; and adding liquid metals containing elements of group IIIA, where forming the non-oxide nanoparticles involves spray co-precipitation of at least two reactants; a dispersant; and a solvent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a spay co-precipitation apparatus for fabrication of nanoparticles.    Spray co-precipitation apparatus (100)    Reactants (104, 106)    Pipelines (108, 110)    Valves (116, 118, 120, 122)    Nanocrystals. (124)