TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Compounds: The conductive substrate contains indium tin oxide (ITO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) or tin oxide (SnO2) coated glass substrate. The semiconductor oxide layer contains titanium dioxide (TiO2), tin-dioxide (SnO2) and/or zinc oxide (ZnO). The opposing electrode has metal layer coated on conductive substrate.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The insulating layer is formed of self-assembling organic layer which is self-assembled on the surface of semiconductor oxide layer and conductive substrate by chemical bond. The self-assembling organic layer is formed under dry condition, by dipping structure including dye molecular layer on hydrophobic organic solvent in which silane compound, phosphate compound, sulfuric acid compound or carboxylic acid compound is dissolved, or by providing under gas of silane compound, phosphate compound, sulfuric acid compound or carboxylic acid compound. Preferred Compound: The dye molecule layer contains ruthenium complex. The silane compound is of formulae: R1SiHR2R3, R1SiXR2R3 or R1SiRR2R3. The phosphate compound is of formula: PR4R5R6R7. The sulfuric acid compound is of formula: SR4R5R6R7. The carboxylic acid compound is of formula: R1COOH or R2COO-.R= methoxy, ethoxy or t-butoxy;R1,R2,R3=(un)substituted(1C-24C alkane, alkene or alkynes) by fluorine;X=chlorine, bromine or iodine;andR4,R5,R6,R7=(un)substituted(1-24C alkane, alkene or alkynes) by fluorine, where R4, R5, R6 or R7 is -OH or -O. EXAMPLE - Titanium oxide thin film having thickness of 20 mu m was added to alcoholic solution containing 4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2-bupyridine-bis(thiocyanato)ruthenium(II): N3, to adhere the dye on the surface of titanium oxide thin film. Triethoxyoctylsilane was dissolved in toluene for 6 hours. Then, resulting solution was coated on the surface of the titanium oxide thin film where the dye was not adhered and exposed, to obtain self-assembled organic insulating layer. Thus, semiconductor electrode was obtained. Hexachloroplatinic acid solution was coated on conductive substrate and heated at 450degrees C for 30 minutes, to obtain counter electrode. The obtained semiconductor electrode and counter electrode were arranged, SURLYN (RTM: polymer layer) was interposed between the electrodes and electrolyte solution was added, to obtain dye-sensitized solar cell. The obtained dye-sensitized solar cell had efficiency of 5.43%, open circuit voltage of 0.661 V, fill factor of 0.641 and short circuit current of 12.81 mA/cm2.