TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The method (m1) further involves the step of applying a catalyst material or catalyst precursor material to first and/or second catalyst or catalyst precursor layer and providing support layer for the first and/or second catalyst or catalyst precursor layer. The sintering is carried out at 700-1500 degrees C. Preferred Components: The first catalyst layer and/or the second catalyst layer comprise a metal and oxide. The material forming the catalyst layer is selected from Fe1-x-yCrxMy; and nickel (Ni)-based alloys. The conducting layer (11) comprises Ce1-xM'xO2- delta ; . The grain growth inhibitor comprises an oxide selected from aluminum oxide (Al2O3), titanium oxide (TiOx), chromium oxide (Cr2O3), scandium oxide (Sc2O3), vanadium oxide (VOx), tantalum oxide (TaOx), manganese oxide (MnOx), niobium oxide (NbOx), strontium oxide (SrO), calcium oxide (CaO), magnesium oxide (MgO), bismuth oxide (Bi2O3), lanthanum oxide (LaOx), magnesium chromate (MgCr2O4), magnesium titanate (MgTiO3), calcium aluminate (CaAl2O4), lanthanum aluminate (LaAlO3), ytterbium chromate (YbCrO3), erbium chromate (ErCrO4), nickel titanate (NiTiO3), nickel chromate (NiCr2O4), metal carbides and/or metal nitrides. The grain boundary modifier comprises an oxide selected from MnOx, TiOx, VOx, Cr2O3, MgCr2O4, CaCrxVyO4, SrCrxVxO4, YbCrO3, ErCrO4, NiTiO3 and/or NiCr2O4. The catalyst layers comprise catalyst material selected from (Ma1-xMbx)(Mc1-7Mdy)O3- delta ; , doped ceria or doped zirconia, nickel (Ni), nickel (Ni)-iron (Fe) alloy, ruthenium (Ru), platinum (Pt), Ma'sTi1-xMb'xO3- delta ; and LaCr1-xM2xO3- delta ; . The membrane further comprises a support layer for the first and/or the second catalyst layer.M=Ni, Ti, Ce, Mn, Mo, W, Co, La, Y or Al;x and y=0-1;M'=Ca, Sm, Gd, Sc, Ga or Y;Ma=lanthanides or Y;Mb=earth alkali elements;Mc and Md=at least one element selected from transition metals;Ma'=Ba, Sr or Ca;Mb'=V, Nb, Mo, W, Th, U or Ta;delta =0.5-1;M2=V, Nb, Mo, W, Th, U, Ti or Mn.