TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Component: An electronic device has a photoactive semiconductor porous material in which the dye is chemisorbed. The photoactive semiconductor porous material contains dye such as red dye and/or black dye.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preparation (claimed): A dye (1) is obtained by coupling a halogenated squarylium dye of formula (a) and a metalated conjugated system of formula: M-J-C(=O)(-H) (b) containing a carboxyaldehyde moiety in presence of transition metal catalyst such as palladium, nickel or copper or coupling metalated squarylium dye of formula (d) and a halogenated conjugated system containing carboxyaldehyde moiety of formula: Hal-J-C(=O)(-H) (e) in presence of transition metal catalyst such as palladium, nickel or copper to obtain indoline compound of formula (c), and condensing-reacting indoline compound (c) with reagent of formula: A-CH2-G. Alternately, the dye (1) is obtained by coupling a halogenated squarylium dye (a) and a metalated conjugated system of formula: M-J (f) in presence of transition metal catalyst such as palladium, nickel or coupling metalated squarylium dye (d) and a halogenated conjugated system of formula: Hal-J (g) to obtain indoline compound of formula (h), introducing and reacting carboxyaldehyde moiety to the indoline compound (h).Hal=Br, I, Cl or tosyl;M=Sn(alkyl)3, B(OR)2, MgHal or ZnR"2;andR"=H or alkyl, preferably 1-12C alkyl.Preferred Property: The dye absorbs wavelength of visible and/or infrared light, preferably 300-1200 nm, more preferably 580-850 nm. Preferred Process: The halogenated squarylium dye (a) is obtained by reacting indoline compound of formula (i) and oxygen-containing compound of formula (ii) to obtain halo or alkylester of squaric acid derivative of formula (iii), deprotection of alkylester of squaric acid derivative (iii) to hydroxyl group, to obtain indoline compound of formula (iv) and condensation-reacting indoline compound (iv) and halo compound of formula (v) or reacting indoline compound (iv) and halo compound (v).R'1=alkyl, preferably 1-4C alkyl.Preferred Compound: The dye (1) is of formula (2 or 3). SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS - 3 dyes are claimed e.g. Dyes of formula (A, B'and C').    EXAMPLE - Halogenated chromophore of formula (a1) and metalated conjugated system comprising carboxyaldehyde moiety of formula (a2) are reacted in presence of palladium to obtain indoline compound of formula (a3). The obtained indoline compound (a3) and cyano acetic acid are reacted to transform carboxyaldehyde moiety to anchoring group, to obtain dye (A).