NOVELTY - The photovoltaic system comprises a tandem photovoltaic cell (100), which comprises a first semi-cell having a first electrode (110), a third electrode (170) and a first photoactive layer (120) and a second semi-cell having a second electrode (140), the third electrode and a second photoactive layer (160), a first hole carrier layer (130) between the first photoactive layer and the first electrode and between the first photoactive layer and the third electrode, and a second hole carrier layer (150) between the second photoactive layer and the second electrode.    USE - Used as a photovoltaic system, where the electrodes are useful in organic semiconductive devices such as field effect transistors, photodetectors e.g. IR detectors, photovoltaic detectors, imaging devices e.g. red-green-blue (RGB) imaging devices for cameras or medical imaging systems, light emitting diodes e.g. organic LEDs or infra-red or near infra-red LEDs, lasing devices, conversion layers e.g. layers that convert visible emission into infra-red emission, amplifiers and emitters for telecommunication e.g. dopants for fibers, storage elements e.g. holographic storage elements, and electrochromic devices e.g. electrochromic displays.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic system can be economically and efficiently manufactured with less energy consumption, high performance and reduced numbers of pinholes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photovoltaic system comprises a tandem photovoltaic cell (100), which comprises a first semi-cell having a first electrode (110), a third electrode (170) and a first photoactive layer (120) and a second semi-cell having a second electrode (140), the third electrode and a second photoactive layer (160), a first hole carrier layer (130) between the first photoactive layer and the first electrode and between the first photoactive layer and the third electrode, a second hole carrier layer (150) between the second photoactive layer and the second electrode and between the second photoactive layer and the third electrode, a first hole blocking layer between the first photoactive layer and the third electrode and between the first photoactive layer and the first electrode, and a second hole blocking layer between the second photoactive layer and the third electrode and between the second photoactive layer and the second electrode. The first photoactive layer is present between the first and third electrodes. The second photoactive layer is present between the second and third electrodes. The semi-cells are electrically connected in parallel. The third electrode is present between the first and second electrodes, and comprises a first material that consists of metals, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanorods and/or fullerenes and a second material that consists of a metal oxide and/or an electrically conductive polymer. The metal oxide is present in the form of nanoparticles. The first material comprises metal nanoparticles or metal nanorods, and a metal mesh or a metal grid. The third electrode comprises first and second electrode layers, which have first and second species of the second material respectively, and an electrically conductive layer between the electrode layers, where the first species is different from the second species. Each of the first and second species comprises an n-type semiconductor material, and a p-type semiconductor material. The electrically conductive layer comprises the first material. The third electrode has a thickness of 1 micron, a surface resistance of 10 ohm/square, and a transmittance of 80%. The first and second electrodes have the same polarity during the usage of the system. The third electrode has a polarity opposite to the polarity of the first and second electrodes. The tandem photovoltaic cell comprises a shared electrode between the two semi-cells and comprising first and second materials.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a parallel tandem photovoltaic cell.    Tandem photovoltaic cell (100)    First, second and third electrodes (110, 140, 170)    First and second photovoltaic layers (120, 160)    First and second hole carrier layers (130, 150)    External load. (180)