NOVELTY - The method involves forming a solid layer on surface of a substrate (1) having group III-V nitride layer. The solid layer is processed with liquid, and the substrate is wet-etched by setting the processed solid layer as etching mask. The liquid is comprised of resin composition, chemicals containing water, organic solvent, organic acid, alkaline solution or hydrophobization agent.    USE - Semiconductor etching method for manufacture of optical/electronic device (claimed). Can also be used for manufacture of LED, superluminescent diode, semiconductor laser, photodiode, solar cell, transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate consisting of a hardly etchable semiconductor group can be easily etched using a simple process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating the semiconductor etching process. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Substrate (1)    Semiconductor layer (2)    Etching mask layer (3)    Resist mask layer (4)
NOVELTY - The method involves immersing a resin film (9) in a removal liquid (411) which is stored in a remover solution bath (41) of removal device (4). The removal liquid is continuously provided to the plated layer of the resin film. A light irradiation unit (42) is used for irradiating light to the resin film in the removal liquid, so as to accelerate the removal of the template agent from the plated layer of the resin film.    USE - Additive removal method for use in plating system (claimed) used for manufacture of dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The template agent can be removed from the plating layer of the resin film efficiently without increasing manufacturing cost of solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) additive removal apparatus; and    (2) plating system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Removal device (4)    Resin film (9)    Remover solution bath (41)    Light irradiation unit (42)    Removal liquid (411)
NOVELTY - A substrate (102) is transferred into a plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition chamber. An n-doped amorphous silicon layer (125A) is deposited on the substrate and plasma-treated. An n-doped microcrystalline silicon layer (125B) is deposited on the amorphous silicon layer, and the substrate is removed from the chamber to form a thin-film solar cell (100). Plasma-treatment involves providing hydrogen, helium, argon, or carbon dioxide.    USE - Formation of thin-film solar cell, such as single-junction, tandem-junction or multi-junction solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables formation of thin-film solar cells having improved electrical properties due to the reduced effect of unwanted shunt paths on power generation. The reduction in effect of shunt type defects improves device performance. The formation time of n-doped microcrystalline layer of desired thickness is reduced, as the number of nucleation sites is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a multi-junction solar cell.    Thin-film solar cell (100)    Substrate (102)    P-doped silicon layer (122)    N-doped amorphous silicon layer (125A)    N-type microcrystalline silicon layer (125B)
NOVELTY - A precursor liquid containing a reaction product (A) obtained by reacting hydrogen peroxide with titanium compound, and a reaction product (B) obtained by reacting hydrogen peroxide with niobium compound or tantalum compound is coated on a transparent base material, and the coated base material is baked. An annealing treatment is carried out by heating the baked base material in reducing atmosphere. A transparent conductive film is formed on the transparent base material, and transparent conductive substrate is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of transparent conductive substrate used for solar cell and liquid crystal display.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive substrate having favorable electroconductivity, is efficiently manufactured. The precursor liquid has excellent storage stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A precursor liquid containing a reaction product (A) obtained by reacting hydrogen peroxide with titanium compound, and a reaction product (B) obtained by reacting hydrogen peroxide with niobium compound or tantalum compound is coated on a transparent base material, and the coated base material is baked. An annealing treatment is carried out by heating the baked base material in reducing atmosphere. A transparent conductive film is formed on the transparent base material, and transparent conductive substrate having specific resistance of 9x 10-3 ohm.cm or less is manufactured. The transparent conductive film contains titanium oxide in which niobium or tantalum is doped. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the precursor liquid.
NOVELTY - The method involves selecting a glass substrate, and cleaning surface of the glass substrate with a mixture of ammonia water, hydrogen peroxide and de-ionized water. The surface of the glass substrate is cleaned with the de-ionized water, and the glass substrate is dried in nitrogen. An anti-reflection silicon nitride (SiN) film is prepared through plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD). A layer of indium-tin oxide (ITO) transparent conductive thin film is deposited on a front face of a battery through a radio frequency sputtering technique.    USE - Method for preparing a nano-crystalline/amorphous silicon two-phase thin film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables avoiding toxic gases such as phosphorane and borane, and increasing the activation rates of dopants. The method enables lowering the impurity trapping centers in a p layer and an n layer of the battery, thus improving the collection efficiency of the electrons and cavities, reducing the contact resistance, and increasing the short circuit current.
NOVELTY - The roof-construction has a photovoltaic module (1) including solar cells (2) i.e. thin film solar cell, and an absorber layer (5) arranged between a top electrode (3) and a back electrode (4). A layer thickness of the solar cells includes a total thickness of maximum 100 micrometer. The solar cells electrically connected with each other are embedded at an upper side (6) facing the sun, and at a lower side (7) lying opposite to the upper side, for forming a solar foil (10) in flexible plastic (8). The solar foil is attached on a body of a roof of a motor vehicle.    USE - Solar roof-construction for a motor vehicle i.e. car.    ADVANTAGE - The construction is designed such that the construction is installed in the motor vehicle in simple manner, effective reduction of fuel consumption is achieved, and aerodynamics of the motor vehicle is not impaired even when the solar cells are provided with high efficiency. The construction is secured from environmental impact, thus allowing the motor vehicle to pass through a wash line.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of two photovoltaic modules with three solar cells in a solar roof-construction.    Photovoltaic module (1)    Solar cells (2)    Top electrode (3)    Back electrode (4)    Absorber layer (5)    Upper side (6)    Lower side (7)    Flexible plastic (8)    Solar foil (10)
NOVELTY - A glass composition contains (in mass%) silicon dioxide (55-75), aluminum oxide (5-15), magnesium oxide (4-18), calcium oxide (3-12), strontium oxide (4-18), barium oxide (0-20), mixture (6-20) of sodium oxide and potassium oxide, zirconium oxide (0.5-6), mixture (18-25) of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide, and sulfur trioxide (0.001-0.6). The composition has thermal expansion coefficient of 75x 10-7 to 90x 10-7/ degrees C, specific gravity of 2.8 or less and glass transition temperature of 600 degrees C or more.    USE - Glass composition is used for substrate used for plasma display panel, solar cell and magnetic disc.    ADVANTAGE - The glass composition has excellent productivity and favorable viscosity, and provides high quality substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A glass composition contains (in mass%) silicon dioxide (55-75), aluminum oxide (5-15), magnesium oxide (4-18), calcium oxide (3-12), strontium oxide (4-18), barium oxide (0-20), mixture (6-20) of sodium oxide and potassium oxide, zirconium oxide (0.5-6), mixture (18-25) of magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, strontium oxide and barium oxide, and sulfur trioxide (0.001-0.6). The composition has thermal expansion coefficient of 75x 10-7 to 90x 10-7/ degrees C, specific gravity of 2.8 or less and glass transition temperature of 600 degrees C or more. The temperature of composition satisfying relation given by: Log eta =2 is 1545 degrees C or less. The devitrification temperature of composition is less than temperature satisfying relation given by: Log eta =4. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of glass composition.
NOVELTY - The lamp has upper and lower covers between which a printed circuit board (PCB), a LED, a solar battery and a lithium polymer battery are located. A silica gel is filled between lower cover and PCB having single control chip such as PIC16F883 chip for controlling charging/discharging of lithium polymer battery and LED work current. The PCB and solar battery are sealed and fixed on lower cover by glue containing mixture of soft Dinitrol 517A/B glue materials (RTM: 2-component polyurethane adhesive). The covers are bonded through S-117B (RTM: glue).    USE - Solar street lamp.    ADVANTAGE - The lamp utilizes mono-crystal silicone chip with high photoelectric transformation efficiency to charge the battery and automatically control the lamp according to the weakness of light. The lamp has good quake-proof, pressure-proof, water-proof, and UV resistant abilities, adapts to bad work environment and works for a long time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the solar street lamp.
NOVELTY - Heteroatom-centered arylsilane compounds (I) are new.    USE - (I) are useful as a host material in: an organic electroluminescence and/or phosphorescence device; and the light-emitting layer of the organic light emitting device. (I) are useful as an electron- and a hole-transport material in: an organic electronic device; and the organic light emitting device (all claimed), where the organic electronic device is a solar cell, an organic thin film transistor, an organic photoconductor or other organic semiconducting device.    ADVANTAGE - (I) have high heat stability and high triplet-state energy to prolong the usage lifetime of the device and to increase luminance efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Heteroatom-centered arylsilane compounds of formula (I) are new.    X1-X4 = H, B, N, P=O or Si-R9; and    R1-R9 = aryl (preferably phenyl, naphthyl, diphenyl, anthryl, pyrenyl, phenanthryl, fluorene or other multiphenyl group) or heterocyclic aryl (preferably pyrane, pyrroline, (benzo)furan, (benzo)thiophene, pyridine, quinoline, isoquinoline, pyrazine, pyrimidine, pyrrole, pyrazole, imidazole, indole, thiazole, isothiazole, oxazole, isoxazole, benzothiazole, benzoxazole, 1,2,4-triazole, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,3,4-tetraazole, phenanthroline or other heterocyclic aryl group) (containing one or more substituents, preferably H, halo, aryl, halo substituted aryl, 1-20C haloalkyl substituted aryl, 1-20C haloalkyl substituted aralkyl, aryl substituted 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkoxy, amino, 1-20C substituted amino, nitrile, nitro, carbonyl, CN or heterocyclic group).    Provided at least one of X1-X4 is not H and X1, X3 are not N simultaneously. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an organic light emitting device comprising a pair of electrodes; and at least one organic layer provided between the electrodes, where the organic layer comprises one light emitting layer and one heteroatom-centered arylsilane compounds (I).
NOVELTY - The pump (1) has an electromotor, in which a rotor can (14) separates a chamber from a stator (3) of the electromotor with a rotor (2). The rotor rotates in conveying medium, and is arranged at a shaft (4). The rotor can is heated, and is a heating unit. The rotor can is formed sectionally of electrically conductive plastic, which is electrically connected for heating.    USE - Pump for use in fuel cell system (Claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The pump has an electromotor, in which a rotor can separates a chamber from a stator of the electromotor with the rotor, and thus ensures to improve the operating behavior of the pump at low temperatures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a pump assigned to an anode branch in the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a pump formed as a side channel compressor.    Pump (1)    Rotor (2)    Stator (3)    Shaft (4)    Rotor can (14)
NOVELTY - Thick film conductive composition comprises electrically conductive silver, and glass frit composition(s) dispersed in organic vehicle. The glass frit composition comprises (wt.%) silicon dioxide (4-26), bismuth oxide (6-52), and lead fluoride (5-29).    USE - Thick film conductive composition for use in forming electrode used in manufacturing semiconductor device, preferably solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor device containing the thin film conductive composition has improved electrical performance. It has good application properties including: stable dispersion of solids, appropriate viscosity and thixotropy for screen printing, appropriate wet ability of the substrate and the paste solids, a good drying rate, and good firing properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) electrode formed from the thick film conductive composition, in which the composition has been processed to remove the organic vehicle and sinter the glass frit and silver powder;    (2) structure comprising the composition, an insulating film, and a semiconductor substrate (10);    (3) semiconductor device comprising the electrode having silver and fluorine, the insulating film, and the semiconductor substrate; and    (4) method of manufacturing the semiconductor device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a process flow diagram illustrating the fabrication of the semiconductor device.    Substrate (10)    Diffusion layer (20)    Aluminum paste (60)    Aluminum back electrode (61)    Silver paste (500)
NOVELTY - A heat exchanger (30) supplies the condensed water generated by cooling exhaust gases discharged from the fuel treating equipment (2) and fuel cell housing (1) to a water chamber (51) through a flow path (31). The outflow port at the lower end of the flow path is arranged in a portion lower than the level of the condensed water in the water chamber.    USE - Water circulation system for fuel cell electric power generation system (claimed) used in residential and commercial applications.    ADVANTAGE - The performance of the water circulation system is improved so that mass production of electric power is enabled at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the water circulation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell housing (1)    Fuel treating equipment (2)    Heat exchanger (30)    Water flow path (31)    Water chamber (51)
NOVELTY - A carboxylic acid imide compound (1), is new.    USE - Novel carboxylic acid imide compound is used for dye composition and coloring composite used for luminosity color filter, semi-transmissive color filter and retroreflective element used for electric components such as display panel and solar battery (all claimed). Can also be used for organic thin film transistor and organic light emitting devices.    ADVANTAGE - The carboxylic acid imide compound provides solar cell with excellent energy converting efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carboxylic acid imide compound of formula (1), is new.    R=fluorine-substituted 1-20C alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;    A,B',R1-R4,R11-R16=H, 1-20C alkyl, alkoxy, 1-20C alkylsilyl, aryloxy, 6-30C aryl, heteroaryl or halogen;and    C',D'=substituents.    A,B',R1, R2, R3 and R4 optionally forms fused ring with adjacent substituent or forms A-C'/B'-D' or A-D'/B'-C' chemical bond with aromatic compounds of formulae (2, 3 and 4). R11-R16 optionally forms fused ring with adjacent substituents. The alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, aryloxy and alkoxy of A, B', R1-R4 R11-R16 is further substituted with halogen, carbonyl, carboxyl, alkylcarboxyl, aryl, heteroaryl or cyano. The carbon atom of alkyl or alkoxy is substituted with oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur or silicon. The alkyl or alkoxy optionally contains carbon-carbon double or triple bond.
NOVELTY - Coating liquid for semiconductor film, comprises metal oxide particle, binder, and an amide derivative.    USE - Coating liquid for semiconductor film for dye sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has outstanding film formability even when baking at low temperature and electronic conductivity, and produces dye sensitized solar cell with outstanding photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Coating liquid for semiconductor film, comprises metal oxide particle, binder, and an amide derivative of formula R1-C(=X)-N(R2)-R3.    R1-R3=optionally substituted alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, acyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclic, NR4R5, or OR6;    R4-R6=R1, and may combine with each other forming a ring;and    X=O or NH.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a semiconductor film comprising a film formed by applying and sintering the coating liquid;and    (2) a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising metal oxide semiconductor electrode which consists of pigment adsorbed on a semiconductor film on the surface of an electroconductive base material, charge transferring layer, and counter electrode.
NOVELTY - The source gas is introduced into a reaction chamber (12) holding a plastic film, through the carrier gas. The electric field of high frequency is applied to a power supply electrode (1) in the reaction chamber. The plastic film is conveyed between the power supply electrode and a ground electrode (2) which is installed such that space between the plastic film surface and ground electrode surface changes along the conveyance direction of the plastic film.    USE - Manufacturing method of gas barrier film for substrate of electronic display element and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The gas barrier film with high flexibility and high gas barrier property is obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) production apparatus of gas barrier film; and    (2) gas barrier film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the production apparatus of gas barrier film.    Power supply electrode (1)    Ground electrode (2)    Massflow controller (5)    Carrier gas cylinder (6)    Reaction chamber (12)
NOVELTY - The method involves applying source gas such as hydrogen, oxygen and argon gas and high frequency electric field in to vacuum reaction chamber (12), using cathode (1), anode (2) and positive electrode (13). The plastic film is conveyed between cathode and anode in interior of chamber. The space provided between surface of plastic film and anode is changed simultaneously with respect to change of impedance of anode. The positive electrode is provided in one end of anode in direction orthogonal to plastic film conveyance direction.    USE - Method for manufacturing gas barrier film for substrate of solar cells for image display apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The occurrence of damage to the gas barrier film is prevented. The film with high gas barrier property and flexibility is obtained easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for production apparatus of gas barrier film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the production apparatus of gas barrier film.    Cathode (1)    Anode (2)    Vacuum reaction chamber (12)    Positive electrode (13)    Bias electrode (14)
NOVELTY - A plasma processing unit (22a) processes to-be-treated material (4) by plasma generated using process gas supplied from a process gas supply unit. A control unit controls the generation period and non-generation period of plasma based on process gas supply flow rate, gas flow rate of gas curtain mechanisms (2a,2b) and exhaust stream volume of exhaustion mechanisms (3a,3b), provided in the incoming path and discharge path of the material respectively so that the material is processed in the atmosphere of specific gas concentration.    USE - Plasma process unit. Uses include but are not limited to etching, film-forming, ashing and surface treatment processes in manufacture of semiconductor, flat panel display and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The plasma process is performed efficiently without receiving the influence of external air.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the structure of plasma process unit. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Gas curtain mechanisms (2a,2b)    Exhaustion mechanisms (3a,3b)    To-be-treated material (4)    Gas analyzer (5)    Plasma processing unit (22a)
NOVELTY - The electrode (10) has a transparent conductive film (12) accumulated on one surface (11a) of a glass substrate (11). A porous layer (13) is formed on the transparent conductive film. Multiple glass particles (14) are made to independently scatter between the transparent conductive film and the porous layer. One group of the glass particle is in contact with the transparent conductive film. Another group of the glass particle is distributed in the porous layer, without touching the transparent conductive film.    USE - Negative electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell e.g. polycrystal type silicon solar cell and single crystal type silicon solar cell, utilized as a power supply for a calculator and a residence.    ADVANTAGE - The glass particles are made to independently scatter between the transparent conductive film and the porous layer, thus suppressing the peeling-off of the transparent conductive film and the porous layer reliably, and reducing the manufacturing cost by a simple manufacturing process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a negative electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional and perspective views of a negative electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Negative electrode (10)    Glass substrate (11)    Surface (11a)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Porous layer (13)    Glass particles (14)
NOVELTY - The negative electrode (10) has low melting-glass powder (14) independently scattered between a glass substrate (11) and transparent conductive film (12). The average particle diameter of the glass powder is 0.5-10 mu m. The sum of contact area of the glass powder and glass substrate is 0.1-13% with respect to surface area of the glass substrate. The density of zinc in the glass powder is 10 wt% or less and the softening point of glass in the powder is 700 degrees C. The glass powder has 0.1-10 wt% with respect to a porous layer (13) on the transparent conductive film.    USE - Negative electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell used for residential application.    ADVANTAGE - The peeling of transparent conductive film and porous layer with respect to the glass substrate is prevented reliably so that the deterioration of output characteristics is suppressed and electric power is generated stably at low cost even for a long period of time. The electroconductivity of the transparent conductive film is improved by increasing the contact area of the transparent conductive film and porous layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of negative electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the negative electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Negative electrode (10)    Glass substrate (11)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Porous layer (13)    Glass powder (14)
NOVELTY - A hot-melt type component contains a moisture-content trapping agent and a wax. The moisture-content tapping agent contains an organometallic compound and/or powdery inorganic oxide.    USE - Hot-melt type component is used for barrier film sealing component for organic electronic device such as organic electroluminescent element, organic solar cell and organic semiconductor (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic electronic device formed using the hot-melt type component has excellent moisture resistance and mechanical strength.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross sectional view of the organic electronic device.    Substrate (1)    Anode (2)    Organic layer (3)    Cathode (4)    Barrier film (10)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) has heaters (H21-H23) such as silicon rubber heater and silicon spiral heater, which are arranged at the outer peripheral surface of a coil-shaped piping (3). A low-temperature gas inlet (11) and a hot gas outlet (12) are respectively provided at the lower side and upper side of the piping.    USE - Gas heating apparatus for fuel cell used in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The low-temperature gas can be heated to high temperature without the influence of change in piping length or the flow rate of gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic block diagram of the gas heating apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Gas heating apparatus (1)    Coil-shaped piping (3)    Gas inlet (11)    Gas outlet (12)    Heaters (H21-H23)
NOVELTY - The components joining structure performs an adhesive processing to the components. A microcapsule type adhesive agent is coated to the adhesive surface (1b) of the components as the adhesion processing (3). The components are adhesive-fixed through pressure-bonding or thermocompression-bonding process of assigning adhesiveness to the microcapsule type adhesive agent (8). The resin film (1) components are adhesive-fixed by an electrolytic membrane (10) and rubber is adhered to the resin films.    USE - Components joining structure of fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The components of the fuel cell, are adhesive-fixed effectively and easily by using the adhesive agent. The positional offset correction operation is performed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the components joining structure. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Resin film (1)    Adhesive surface (1b)    Gasket (2)    Adhesion processing (3)    Microcapsule type adhesive agent (8)    Electrolytic membrane (10)
NOVELTY - The electrode film has a transparent electrode thin film (12) provided on a transparent film (11) and a metal electrode (13) provided on transparent electrode thin film. The thickness of transparent electrode thin film is 10-400 nanometers. The thickness and width of metal electrode is 1-200 micrometers and 0.01-1.0 millimeters respectively.    USE - Electrode film for single crystal silicon type photoelectric transducer, amorphous silicon type photoelectric transducer and polycrystalline silicon type photoelectric transducer used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell can be manufactured with low total resistance and high electric power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacturing method of solar cell; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional and perspective views of the electrode film.    Transparent film (11)    Transparent electrode thin film (12)    Metal electrode (13)
NOVELTY - The solar cell module has an ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) sheet (25) that covers one side portion of the translucent glass substrate (1). A transparent board (22) is attached to the lower surface of substrate through the EVA sheet (21) and a back plate (24) is attached to the upper surface of the substrate through the EVA sheet (23), such that all surfaces of the glass substrate are surrounded by EVA sheets (21,23,25).    USE - Thin film solar cell module for use in electric power generation plant in tropical region and desert region.    ADVANTAGE - The reliability of the thin film solar cell is improved at low cost by reducing the galvanic corrosion due to permeation of water content through the side portion of the glass substrate. The weather resistance is improved without installing additional component and without performing additional process. The strength and glare-proof effect of the solar cell module are improved without degrading the external appearance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the thin film solar cell module.    Glass substrate (1)    Bus-bar electrode (10)    EVA sheets (21,23,25)    Transparent board (22)    Back plate (24)
NOVELTY - A multilayered structure is manufactured by coating first coating liquid containing first inorganic laminar compound, first metal alkoxide and first aqueous medium on base material layer to form a first coating film, and removing first aqueous medium from first coating film to form first layer; and coating second coating liquid containing second inorganic laminar compound, second resin and second liquid medium on first layer to form a second coating film, and removing second liquid medium from second coating film to form second layer.    USE - Manufacture of multilayered structure used for substrate for LCD, organic electroluminescent element or flexible displays; optical component sealing material or electronic component sealing material; solar cell or dye-sensitized solar cell; vacuum heat insulating material panel; or as packaging material e.g. retort packaging material for foodstuffs (e.g. Western style confectionery or processed marine products), drinks (e.g. coffee, tea or juice), electronic components, pharmaceuticals, fuel, detergent or toiletries (e.g. cosmetics) in film, bag, pouch, bottle, bottle cap, carton container, cup, plate, tray, tank or tube forms.    ADVANTAGE - Manufactures multilayered structure with excellent gas barrier property in high humidity condition.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive paste comprises silicon dioxide-boron oxide-aluminum oxide-lead (II) oxide type low melting glass. The composition of low melting glass contained in paste is (mass%) silicon dioxide (1-10), boron oxide (5-15), aluminum oxide (1-15), lead (II) oxide (68-89), copper (II) oxide (0-10) and titanium (IV) oxide (0-10).    USE - Electrically conductive paste used in electronic material substrate and polycrystal silicon solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has favorable ohmic contact.
NOVELTY - A multilayer structure comprises a layer (I) and a metallic layer (130) sequentially formed on a base (13A) comprising a substrate (11). The layer (I) comprises an indium-gallium-selenide film. The molar ratio of gallium with respect to gallium and indium in the indium-gallium-selenide film is 0-0.8. The metallic layer comprises gallium and indium without a Group VIA material. The layer (I) and the metallic layer are distinct layers with no reaction there between.    USE - Multilayer structure is used for forming group IB-group IIIA-group VIA compound absorber (claimed) for photovoltaic device such as solar cell, and radiation detector.    ADVANTAGE - The multilayer structure provides highly efficient solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A multilayer structure comprises a layer (I) and a metallic layer sequentially formed on a base comprising a substrate. The layer (I) comprises an indium-gallium-selenide film. The molar ratio of gallium with respect to gallium and indium in the indium-gallium-selenide film is 0-0.8. The metallic layer comprises gallium and indium without a Group VIA material. The layer (I) and the metallic layer are distinct layers with no reaction there between. The layer (I) further comprises a copper film. The metallic layer further comprises copper. A group IB-group IIIA-group VIA compound absorber is formed on a base by forming a layer (I) on the base, and forming a metallic layer on the layer (I), where the metallic layer comprises a group IB metal, a group IIIA metal and another group IIIA metal without a group VIA material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the multilayer structure.    Substrate (11)    Contact layer (13)    Base (13A)    Precursor stack (100)    Metallic layer (130)
NOVELTY - The solar cell module (2) has a solar cell unit (21) and a light homogenizing unit (22). The light homogenizing unit has a light-input end (221), a hollow light tunnel (222) and a light-output end (223). The light-output end is adjacent to the solar cell unit. The area of light-output end is smaller than the area of light input end. The inner surface of light tunnel comprises a high-reflective material or dielectric material. The high reflective material comprises aluminum or silver.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell module can homogenize and then collect the converged solar light before it reaches the solar cell unit, and thereby decreasing the light leakage and enhancing the light condensing efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the solar cell module.    Solar cell module (2)    Solar cell unit (21)    Light homogenizing unit (22)    Light condensing unit (23)    Light-input end (221)    Light tunnel (222)    Light output end (223)
NOVELTY - The plasma processing system (1) has a gas supply source (3) for supplying the gas required to form or etch a film on a substrate in a plasma processing apparatus (2). Several gas pipes (10a-16a,20a-31a) introduce gas from the gas supply source separately into the plasma processing apparatus. A control apparatus (40) selectively supplies gas required to form or etch film in the plasma processing apparatus through each gas pipe from the gas supply source.    USE - Plasma processing system for manufacture of electronic apparatus e.g. semiconductor device, planar LCD apparatus and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A plasma processing apparatus having a small occupied area is used and the throughput of the plasma processing operation is improved at the time of forming or etching several films of different composition by using the control apparatus selectively supplying gas required to form or etch film in the plasma processing apparatus through each gas pipe from the gas supply source.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) plasma processing method; and    (2) electronic apparatus manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the explanatory diagram of the outline structure of the plasma processing system.    Plasma processing system (1)    Plasma processing apparatus (2)    Gas supply source (3)    Gas pipes (10a-16a,20a-31a)    Control apparatus (40)
NOVELTY - The solar cell comprises hologram with Fresnel lens (14) for splitting solar spectrum into multiple smaller portions and for optically redirecting spectral bands with an appropriate wide band gap. The hologram is rotated about the perpendicular axis so as to create different sets of fringes. The sunlight (10) is dispersed uniformly with respect to the solar cell.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the solar cell can be improved, by providing the hologram with Fresnel lens.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a wideband solar generator.    Sunlight (10)    Grating element (12)    Fresnel lens (14)    Radial distance (32)    Electric power generator (34)
NOVELTY - A solar cell (10) is manufactured by forming a first amorphous silicon layer on a substrate; forming a second amorphous silicon layer on the first amorphous silicon layer; forming a metal layer on the second amorphous silicon layer; performing crystallization-annealing the second amorphous silicon layer at 400-700 degrees C; and forming a third amorphous silicon layer on a resulting crystalline silicon layer.    USE - Method of manufacturing a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method manufactures solar cell having polycrystalline silicon for an intrinsic layer which exhibits a better performance than amorphous silicon thus resulting to high photovoltaic efficiency, has reduced manufacturing time and costs thus improving mass-productivity, and minimizes leak current.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-sectional view of a manufacturing method of a solar cell.    Solar cell (10)    Antireflective layer (110)    First transparent conductive layer (120)    Second transparent conductive layer (150)    Metal electrode layer (160)
NOVELTY - The CVD apparatus (1) has film formation chambers (3a,3b) that form a silicon nitride film on a polycrystalline substrate. The preheating chambers (2a,2b) have a heating mechanism that heats a tray (9). The heating mechanism has high frequency induction heater with work coil arranged in position facing tray. An electric field shield is installed between work coil and tray. The temperature of polycrystalline substrate mounted on tray is controlled by heater of heating mechanism such that the tray is heated in 380 to 500 degrees C before formation of silicon nitride film.    USE - Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus for forming silicon nitride film for solar cell such as polycrystalline silicon solar cell and monocrystalline silicon solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of polycrystalline substrate mounted on tray is controlled by high frequency induction heater of heating mechanism such that the tray is heated at 380 to 500 degrees C. Hence the heating of the surrounding portion of the tray is prevented to reduce the heat capacity. The occurrence of glow discharge is prevented by the electric field shield. The substrate temperature is controlled precisely. The hydrogen passivation effect is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the CVD apparatus.    CVD apparatus (1)    Preheating chamber (2a,2b)    Film formation chambers (3a,3b)    Tray (9)
NOVELTY - The magnetron unit (8) has a magnet element (2) consisting of a magnet (5) of predetermined polarity arranged on both ends of a yoke board (4) and a magnet (6) having a polarity opposite to predetermined polarity in the yoke board center portion. The magnet element is moved on the base plate in a predetermined direction. Another magnet element (3) has a yoke board fixed to both ends of the base plate and a pair of magnets.    USE - Magnetron unit for magnetron sputtering apparatus for manufacture of electronic device e.g. flat display panel, thin film solar cell panel, micro inductor, magnetic recording head and magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM).    ADVANTAGE - The film thickness adjustment is performed easily with sufficient precision without lengthening the target and the magnetron unit by moving the magnet element along the base plate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for electronic device manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of the structure of the magnetron unit.    Base plate (1)    Magnet elements (2,3)    Yoke board (4)    Magnets (5,6)    Magnetron unit (8)
NOVELTY - The electronic apparatus (100) has a memory controlling unit (120) for reading the data of a memory (110). A detecting unit (131) detects whether the apparatus executes an operation or not and generates the detection result. A current-adjusting unit (132) adjusts the amount of charging current in apparatus according to the detection result. A rechargeable battery (140) such as nickel-metal hydride battery, solar battery and lithium battery, receives a charging circuit (130) which charges the battery.    USE - Portable electronic apparatus such as portable multimedia player (PMP), MPEG audio layer-3 (MP3) player and digital photo frame (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The charging speed can be increased and the charging time can be reduced effectively. The fault of operation during charging of battery can be eliminated. The charging current can be adjusted dynamically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for charging method of rechargeable battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the portable electronic apparatus.    Portable electronic apparatus (100)    Memory (110)    Memory controlling unit (120)    Charging circuit (130)    Detecting unit (131)    Current-adjusting unit (132)    Rechargeable battery (140)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a laminated block (3) consisting of a photoelectric converter (31) producing a carrier by the injection of light and a reflection layer (32) reflecting the light permeating the photoelectric converter. The reflection layer consists of a low refractive index layer (32b) consisting of magnesium zinc oxide (MgZnO) and a contact layer (32a) inserted between the low refractive index layer and the photoelectric converter. The contact layer consists of zinc oxide (ZnO) or indium oxide (InO).    USE - Solar cell for solar power generation.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved by preventing low refractive index layer from directly contacting the photoelectric converter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the solar cell.    Laminated block (3)    Photoelectric converter (31)    Reflection layer (32)    Contact layer (32a)    Low refractive index layer (32b)
NOVELTY - Formation of positive-intrinsic-negative (p-i-n) junction (120, 130) over a substrate (102) comprises depositing p-doped silicon layer (122) over a substrate surface; depositing n-doped silicon layer (136) over the substrate surface; depositing intrinsic amorphous silicon layer (136) between p- and n-doped silicon layers and depositing intrinsic microcrystalline silicon layer (134) on intrinsic amorphous silicon layer.    USE - Method for formation of positive-intrinsic-negative junction over a substrate for thin film solar cell device (100). Can also be used for single junction, tandem junction or multi-junction thin film solar cell devices.    ADVANTAGE - The lateral resistance of amorphous n-type layer i.e. perpendicular to vertical direction, is much higher than crystalline layer, and the effect that a shunt type defect will have on the rest of formed solar cell is lower, thus improving performance of solar cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a multi-junction solar cell oriented toward the light or solar radiation.    Thin film solar cell device (100)    Substrate (102)    P-i-n junction (120, 130)    P-doped silicon layer (122)    Intrinsic microcrystalline silicon layer (134)    Intrinsic amorphous silicon layer (136)    N-doped silicon layer (136)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a photoelectric conversion unit (3) which is interposed between a transparent electrode layer (2) and a transparent oxide layer (4a). A hard carbon layer (4b) is electrically connected to the photoelectric conversion unit through transparent oxide layer.    USE - Thin-film photoelectric conversion apparatus for use as amorphous silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion unit with high conversion efficiency is obtained by providing the hard-carbon layer, hence high optical characteristics is achieved in the photoelectric conversion device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the thin-film photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Transparent substrate (1)    Transparent electrode layer (2)    Photoelectric conversion unit (3)    Transparent oxide layer (4a)    Hard carbon layer (4b)
NOVELTY - The method for preventing gaseous impurity inclusions in a gas chamber of a fuel cell (1) during a downtime of the fuel cell by producing a positive pressure in the gas chamber to displace the inclusions, comprises forming educts, which are supplied in an operating mode for the operation of the gas cell, under energy supply by a regular electrolysis and by reversal of the fuel cell principle in the operating mode, supplying the educt for partly filling the gas chamber, and then filling the gas chamber to produce the positive pressure. The educt is formed externally outside of the fuel cell.    USE - Method for the prevention of gaseous impurity inclusions in a gas chamber of a fuel cell during a downtime of the fuel cell by producing a positive pressure in the gas chamber to displace the inclusions.    ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of effectively displacing the gaseous impurity inclusions with reduced power consumption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a schematic representation of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell (1)    Anode (2)    Cathode (3)    Electrolyte element (4)    Educt line. (5, 6)
NOVELTY - A gas barrier film has organic layer(s), inorganic layer(s) and water catching layer(s) on a base film.    USE - Gas barrier film is used as sealing film and substrate for manufacturing electronic device such as organic electroluminescent element, solar cell, touch panel and electronic paper (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The gas barrier film has high barrier property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of gas barrier film, which involves forming water catching layer by dispersing a hygroscopic material to a resin.
NOVELTY - The device (102) has multiple light sources (106) i.e. LEDs, operably combined with multiple substrates (114). Photolyzable nitric oxide donors (104) are operably connected with the light sources. The substrates are provided with multiple adhesives, sensors (120) and status indicators. The substrates are provided with multiple light emitters i.e. LEDs, and power supplies that are provided with multiple solar cells and capacitors. The light sources are combined with multiple quantum dots, optical waveguides and rare-earth materials. The donors are made of dimethly sulfoxide and ethanol.    USE - Person skin nitric oxide releasing device i.e. wearable article, for a person skin nitric oxide releasing system (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to a hat, glove, mitten, sock, pant, shirt, hood, patch, wrap, bag and sleeve.    ADVANTAGE - The device facilitates the generation of nitric oxide to the skin of the person in a controlled manner from the photolyzable nitric oxide donors, reduces microbial infection within a wound site, reduces inflammation effect, and increases collagenase expression without inducing toxicity to healthy cells within the wound site.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for releasing nitric oxide to a skin of a person.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a person skin nitric oxide releasing device.    Person skin nitric oxide releasing device (102)    Photolyzable nitric oxide donor (104)    Light source (106)    Substrate (114)    Sensor (120)
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive film comprises transparent electroconductive material on a transparent film base material, and has metal electroconductive pattern. The transparent electroconductive material contains conductive polymer, electroconductive fiber or electroconductive metal. The metal electroconductive pattern contains silver. The electroconductive metal is metal nanoparticles. The electroconductive fiber is metal nanowires. The transparent electroconductive material further contains ionic liquid.    USE - Transparent conductive film such as indium-tin oxide film is used for liquid crystal display, electroluminescent display, plasma display, electrochromic display, solar cell, electronics paper, and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive film is excellent in transparency, electroconductivity, in-plane uniformity and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of transparent conductive film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of electronics paper.    Transparent conductive film (1)    Electrolyte layer (2)    Silver electrode (3)    Power supply (4)    Switch (5)    Earth (6)
NOVELTY - A dye (1), is new.    USE - New dye is used as sensitizer in electronic device such as dye-sensitized solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The dye has excellent solubility with respect to organic solvent.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye of formula (1), is new.    G=-COOH, -SO3H, -PO3H2, -BO2H2, -SH, -OH or NH2, preferably -COOH, which is anchoring group which is covalent coupling of dye to surface of a nano porous semiconductor layer;    A=H, -CN, -NO2, -COOR, -COSR, -COR, -CSR, -NCS, -CF3, -CONR2, -OCF3 or C6H5-mFm, preferably -CN or -CF3;    m=1-5;    R=H or optionally branched alkyl group of formula: -CnH2n+1;    n=0-12, preferably 0-4;    R31-R36=H, -(CH2)nCH3, -(CH2)n-COOR, -(CH2)n-OR, -(CH2)n-SR', -(CH2)n-NR2, or -((CH2)p-O)n-CH3;    n=0-12, preferably 0-6;    p=1-4;    R'=optionally substituted by phenyl or biphenyl;    J=group of formula (I-XI);    n1=0-12, preferably 0-3;    n2=0-12, preferably 1-7;    R3=H, -(CH2)sCH3, -(CH2)s-COOR, -(CH2)s-OR, -(CH2)s-SR, -(CH2)s-NR2, -((CH2)p-O)s-CH3;    s=0-12;and    R1=Cl, Br, F, I, NO2, NH2, CN, SO3H, OH, H, -(CH2)s-CH3, -(CH2)s-COOR, -(CH2)s-OR, -(CH2)s-SR, -(CH2)s-NR2, -((CH2)p-O)s-CH3.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of synthesis of dye.
NOVELTY - An apparatus (102) comprises at least one substrate (104) that is configured for operable association with at least one light source (106) that is configured to emit light that facilitates release of nitric oxide from at least one photolyzable nitric oxide donor (108) comprise at least one sensor (112), fluid and gas impermeable substrate, substrate that is permeable to nitric oxide, adhesive, metallic substrate, vapor and light permeable substrate.    USE - For delivering nitric oxide as therapeutic agent to oral surface, nasal surface, skin of an individual for combating infection, removing of necrotic tissue, reducing inflammation, upregulating the expression of collagenase, vascularization.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus delivers the nitric oxide in controlled manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An apparatus (102) comprises at least one substrate (104) that is configured for operable association with at least one light source (106) that is configured to emit light that facilitates release of nitric oxide from at least one photolyzable nitric oxide donor (108) comprise at least one fluid and gas impermeable substrate, substrate that is permeable to nitric oxide, adhesive, metallic substrate, vapor and light permeable substrate, sensor (112), substrate that include connection configured for operable association with the light source or operably coupled photolyzable nitric oxide donor, status indicator, control unit, photolyzable nitric oxide donor, light emitter, optical fiber, power supply, solar cell, electromagnetic receiver, light source; at least one photolyzable nitric oxide donor; and at least one light source that is configured to emit light that facilitates release of nitric oxide from the photolyzable nitric oxide donor.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows system.    Apparatus (102)    Substrate (104)    Light source (106)    Photolyzable nitric oxide donor (108)    Sensor (112)
NOVELTY - The method involves wetting a carrier (18) with a solution (23) of cadmium acetate, ammonia and thiocarbamide on the absorber layer to be coated for precipitation of cadmium sulfide on a coated absorber layer. The carrier is immersed in a bath (22) containing the solution and is fed through the bath in a continuous transport. The absorber layer is constantly wetted with the solution in the bath. The quantity of the solution in the bath is relatively small due to a low solution filling level.    USE - Method for coating a carrier or substrate for thin film solar cells with cadmium sulfide on an absorber layer on the carrier.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier is immersed in a bath containing the solution and is fed through the bath in a continuous transport, and hence ensures efficient coating of the carrier or substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for executing the coating method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional side view of a coating unit for foil-like carriers for thin film solar cells.    Coating unit (11)    Carrier (18)    Bath (22)    Solution (23)    Trough (24)
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic composition contains a principal chain consist of polyurea, polyester, polyamide, polyimide and/or polycarbonate (A1), hydrolyzable silyl group (A2) and hydrophilic polymer (A3) with hydrophilic groups.    USE - Hydrophilic composition for hydrophilic film (claimed) used as sealer, adherable film or coatings for mirror e.g. rear-view mirror for vehicles, mirror for bathrooms, washrooms, dental mirror or road mirror, lens e.g. eyeglass lens, optical lens, camera lens, endoscope lens, illumination lens, semiconductor lens, or copying machine lens, prism, window glass, glass for building materials, gondola of motor vehicle, rail vehicle, aircraft, vessel, midget submarine, snow vehicle, ropeway or amusement park, window or windshield glass of vehicle, goggles or mask shield for protection or sports, helmet, glass of frozen food display case, building exterior or interior materials, outer wall, roof, window frame, window glass, vehicle e.g. motor vehicle, rail vehicle, aircraft, vessel, bicycle or motorcycle, machinery, dustproof cover, traffic sign, display devices, advertising sign, sound insulating wall for roads, railways, bridge or guard rail, tunnel coating, insulator, solar cell cover, solar water heater heat collecting cover, vinyl greenhouse, illuminating lamp for vehicles, household equipment, toilet bowl, bathtub, wash-stand, lighting fixture, lighting cover, kitchen utensils, tableware, dishwashing device, dish dryer, sink, cooking range, kitchen range hood, ventilating fan heat collecting devices, tent material, reflecting plate, sliding shutter, screen door, street light, pavement, exterior lighting, stone or tile.    ADVANTAGE - The composition is quick drying and the film has excellent flaw, abrasion and stain resistance and fog prevention characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for hydrophilic unit comprising a substrate coated with hydrophilic composition which forms a hydrophilic film.
NOVELTY - A fully cyclocondensed porphyrin dimer (1) is new.    USE - New fully cyclocondensed porphyrin dimer is used for liquid-crystalline n-type organic-conductor materials used in organic optoelectronic devices, such as FETs, solar cells, and electroluminescent elements (all claimed). The dimer is used as material of charge transfer layer.    ADVANTAGE - The new fully cyclocondensed porphyrin dimer has liquid crystallinity in room-temperature region, and provides organic electroconductive materials with high mobility. Since an organic optoelectronic device using the organic conductor containing the dimer which shows liquid crystallinity in room-temperature region, is in liquid-crystal state at service temperature, the device has self-restoration property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fully cyclocondensed porphyrin dimer of formula (1), is new.    R1=-OR3 or -O(R4-O)nCH3;    R3=6-18C alkyl;    R4=1-5C alkylene;    n=1-6;    R2=-OR3;and    M=metallic element or two hydrogen atoms.
NOVELTY - A silicon polycrystal ingot comprises crystal grain with cross-sectional area of greater than or equal to 70%, volume part of not less than 2/3 of total volume and average width size of greater than or equal to 1 cm and has crystal plane where surface orientation is same within range of plus minus 15 degrees when cut out in unspecified cross section.    USE - Silicon polycrystal ingot for silicon polycrystal wafer (claimed) used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The silicon polycrystal ingot has high quality and costs low.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) manufacturing method of silicon polycrystal ingot; and    (2) silicon polycrystal wafer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of the ratio of efficiency of solar cell made as experiment from silicon polycrystal ingot and efficiency of solar cell made as experiment from ingot by conventional casting method. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The substructure has an upper angle covering provided with neoprene insoles, and a clamping profile provided as a T-piece and as a doubled walled profile. A cross-shaped piece is provided for accommodating and supporting ends and opening of a solar module (7). The upper covering and thickness of the solar module are adjusted by a support and angles. A T-shaped covering of the substructure is screwed by all visible screw connections, which are made of non-corroded shoulder bolts. The substructure has a starter profile (3).    USE - Non-visible substructure for a solar module on a steep roof. Uses include but are not limited to a tin roof, slate roof, plain tail roof, reformation roof, concrete roof and clay brick roof.    ADVANTAGE - The substructure is designed such that the height of the substructure is adjusted at an angle with respect to a high banger brick, and the length of the substructure is adjusted with respect to the length of each bracket upto 120 millimeters, and the substructure is provided with lower wind sensitivity, and the material cost is reduced. The substructure is mounted in an easy manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a plain tail roof, slate roof and tin roof.    Common rafter (1)    Roof batten (2)    Starter profile (3)    Intermediate piece (4)    End profile (5)    Roof covering (6)    Solar module (7)
NOVELTY - The method involves washing a substrate made of glass, metal or plastic flexible material, and forming aluminum film electrode on the substrate. The washed substrate is arranged in a vacuum chamber to evaporate the aluminum film and forming a polycrystalline silicon thin film on the substrate by pumping argon gas into the vacuum chamber and controlling the temperature, duty cycle ratio, pressure and magnetic field intensity of the vacuum chamber. An aluminum film and a transparent conductive electrode or comb-shaped electrode are arranged on the thin film.    USE - Method for preparing polycrystalline silicon thin film for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing cost of the polycrystalline silicon thin film is reduced and crystallinity of the polycrystalline silicon thin film is improved by using a simple technique.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowdiagram explaining the process for preparing polycrystalline silicon thin film. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - The tile (16) has multiple internal buses for serially connecting multiple solar cells, which are arranged at a strengthening clearness resin product i.e. methylmethacrylate. A pair of bus bars connects positive and negative electrodes of the solar cells to outside. A socket is fixed at ends of the bus bars, and another socket is arranged opposite to the former socket. A drainage slope is formed at the upper side of the resin product that hermetically seals the rest elements to stream down dust according to a curved portion formed between side and central parts of the bus bars.    USE - Solar battery tile for a solar cell infrastructure (claimed) that is utilized at an outdoor.    ADVANTAGE - The tile is sealed up with the strengthening clearness resin product into single body, so that the tile has excellent moisture-proof and dustproof, strong shock resistance and excellent light transmission effect. The tile prevents flow of the rainwater flowing into the sockets formed in the side area by building up the drainage slope. The tile is suitable for output characteristic without using specialized construction task including the waterproofing, and easily comprises the solar energy system. The ramp-edge type is formed in the upper side of the strengthening clearness resin product in externally visible and attractive manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell infrastructure including solar battery tiles installed in a grid structure on a frame.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a solar cell infrastructure.    Solar battery tile (16)    Codes (20a-20c)    Protective cap (24)
NOVELTY - A graphite film is manufactured by graphitizing raw material film with heat processing while applying pressure of 5-100 g/cm2 to thickness direction of raw material film.    USE - Manufacture of graphite film for use as heat spreader material, heat radiation films, electronic device and precision equipment.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides graphite film which is excellent in thermal diffusion property and flexibilities.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a graphite film.
NOVELTY - The converter has several parallel photovoltaic junctions (110) that are connected in series. Each junction is provided with highly doped n+ semiconductor layer (120), n- semiconductor layer (130) of high crystallinity and highly-doped p+ semiconductor layer (140). A thin metal layer (150) is provided between n+ and p- semiconductor layers. The layers are arranged without matching the lattices of adjacent layers.    USE - Solar converter for use in satellite, aircraft platform and notebook type personal computer (PC). Can also be used in solar power plant, household solar-energy generators, solar generators for commercial buildings, industrial plant, automotive vehicles and solar generators for portable electronics such as cell phones, and personal digital assistant (PDA).    ADVANTAGE - Since layers having high crystallinity are arranged without matching the lattices of adjacent layers, high solar conversion efficiency is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of solar converter.    Photovoltaic junctions (110)    Semiconductor layers (120-140)    Thin metal layer (150)
NOVELTY - The silicon purification method involves heating a raw material silicon as fusion silicon (2). First purification processing makes the fusion silicon contact with an additive to form a slag (4b) whose specific gravity is smaller than fusion silicon in a molten state. A part of a hollow rotational cooling body (5) is immersed in the molten metal surface of fusion silicon in the covered state of the slag. Outer peripheral surface of the hollow rotating cooling body crystallizes solid silicon (6) in the second purification process while pouring a cooling fluid to the hollow part of cooling body.    USE - Silicon purification method used in manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Attains life extension of the apparatus by introducing inert gas in the space to which the heat insulation material and the hollow rotational cooling body can be moved in parallel and can be rotated at different rotation speeds. Improves boron removal efficiency from the fused silicon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the silicon refiner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic diagram of the second purification process.    Crucible (1)    Fusion silicon (2)    Slag (4b)    Hollow rotational cooling body (5)    Solid silicon (6)
NOVELTY - A mesh-shaped electrode (7) is arranged between cathode (3) and anode (4) positioned opposing each other in a film formation chamber (2). The negative voltage which is an electronegative potential with respect to voltage of anode, and the zero voltage or positive voltage of pulse-form voltage waveform are applied alternately to the electrode. The maximum value of negative voltage is between -200 and -800 V and the frequency of pulse voltage is 1-250 KHz. The ratio of time to apply the zero or positive voltage to the time of one period of pulse voltage is 2-20%.    USE - Capacitive coupling type plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) film forming apparatus for forming silicon thin film (claimed) on substrate of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The accumulated positive charge can be static-eliminated by applying the negative voltage and positive or zero voltage alternately to the mesh-shaped electrode, even if film is formed over a long time. A stable voltage is applied between the anode and cathode to generate the plasma stably, thus the abnormal discharge can be prevented and stable film-formation can be performed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for film-forming method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural view of the plasma CVD film forming apparatus.    Film formation chamber (2)    Cathode (3)    Anode (4)    Mesh-shaped electrode (7)    Board (B)
NOVELTY - A fixed unit (2) desorbs and supplies the hydrazine to a fuel cell (1). A circulation line (22) comprises a main line (20) for supplying thermal medium from fuel cell to fixed unit and an auxiliary line (21) to which a radiator (23) is arranged in the middle, for supplying thermal medium after cooling from fixed unit to fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell system for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrazine can be stored and utilized stably and safely, using the heat of thermal medium. The construction cost of the fuel cell system is reduced by reducing the size of radiator.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (1)    Fixed unit (2)    Main line (20)    Auxiliary line (21)    Circulation line (22)    Radiator (23)
NOVELTY - The pressurizing structure has a lamination stack (1) that clamps the end plates (13) at upper and lower sides. A spring plate (10) pressurizes the lamination stack in lamination direction.    USE - Lamination stack pressurizing structure for primary battery, fuel cell, and capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - The space-saving property and assembly property of the fuel cell can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the fuel cell.    Lamination stack (1)    Spring plate (10)    Side of spring plate (11)    Bottom face of spring plate (12)    End plate (13)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming thin film non-oxidizing type electro-conductive material (4,8) on respective photo-electric converting layers such as silicon layers (3,7). A rear surface transparent electrode layer (9) and a metal electrode layer (10) are stacked on the thin film non-oxidizing type electro-conductive material (8), so as to provide electric current flow in the solar cell element.    USE - Manufacturing method of thin film solar cell element for solar energy power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient amount of electric current is generated in the photoelectric converting layer, hence higher short circuit current density is enabled in the thin film solar element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film solar cell element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the thin film solar cell element. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Insulation translucent substrate (1)    Photo-electric converting layers (3,7)    Thin film non-oxidizing type electro-conductive material (4,8)    Rear surface transparent electrode layer (9)    Metal electrode layer (10)
NOVELTY - A hot-melt type material contains water trapping agent and wax. The water trapping agent contains organometallic compound and/or powdery inorganic oxide having average particle diameter of 90 mu m or less.    USE - Hot-melt type material is used for forming transfer film, sealing component and manufacture of organic thin film solar cell element casing sealing panel (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hot-melt type material has excellent stable solar cell characteristics and photoelectric transfer characteristics. The effect of out gas, moisture content and oxygen in organic thin film solar cell element casing sealing panel is prevented over long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of organic thin-film solar cell element.    Organic thin film substrate (1)    Anode (2)    Organic layer (3)    Cathode (4)    Sealing cap (5)
NOVELTY - The bipolar plate has a main structure (110) having two surfaces (110a,110b) upon which flow channels (111) are formed. A pair of mainfolds (M1) extending between the surfaces, is provided to supply fluid to the flow channels. Another pair of main folds extending between the surfaces, is provided to collect fluid from the flow channel. A through-hole (122) extending between the surfaces, is provided to exchange fluid with adjacent bipolar plate. A connection channel (120) is provided to connect the main folds to the flow channels.    USE - Bipolar plate for fuel cell stack (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - A fuel cell stack having improved fluid flow path providing uniform current density and thermal density, is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the fuel cell stack.    Main structure (110)    Surfaces (110a,110b)    Flow channel (111)    Connection channel (120)    Through-hole (122)
NOVELTY - The method involves switching an inverter (1022) and a resistor (1021) with respect to a fuel cell by a switch (1020) to cause electric current generated in fuel cell consumed by resistor or inverter. The supply of anode and cathode gas to the fuel cell by anode and cathode gas supply valves (1015,1017) are closed, when molar ratio of hydrogen contained in anode gas to oxygen contained in cathode gas is equal to predetermined value to output fuel cell zero.    USE - Method of stopping solid polymer type fuel cell system e.g. cogeneration power generation system for electric car.    ADVANTAGE - The degradation in performance of the fuel cell is suppressed and the increase in pressure in the fuel cell is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the power generation system.    Anode gas supply valve (1015)    Cathode gas supply valve (1017)    Switch (1020)    Resistor (1021)    Inverter (1022)
NOVELTY - A dye has an anchoring group in its molecular structure, and the anchoring group allows a covalent coupling of dye to a surface of a nanoporous semiconductor layer. The anchoring group within molecular structure of dye is at the terminal carbon.    USE - Dye is used as sensitizer for electronic device such as dye-sensitized solar cell, and as chromogenic sensor for detecting presence, absence or quantity of solvent such as ethanol, methanol and acetonitrile, and spectral property (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye has an anchoring group of formula: asterisk=C(-A)(-G), in its molecular structure, and the anchoring group allows a covalent coupling of dye to a surface of a nanoporous semiconductor layer. The anchoring group within molecular structure of dye is at the terminal carbon.    G=-COOH, -SO3H, -PO3H2, -BO2H2, -SH, -OH, -NH2, preferably -COOH;    A=H, -CN, -NO2, -COOR, -COSR, -COR, -CSR, -NCS, -CF3, -CONR2,-OCF3, C6H5-mFm;    m=1-5;    R=H or straight or branched alkyl of formula: -CnH2n+1, or optionally substituted phenyl or biphenyl;and    n=0-12, preferably 0-4.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) synthesis of chromophore such as squarylium dye of formula (22) or croconium dye of formula (23), which involves reacting 2 equivalents of aromatic compound of formula: (Ar1-CH3)+. Hal-, or olefinic compound of formula: Ar1=CH2, with 1 equivalent of squaric acid derivative of formula (I) or croconic acid derivative (II) respectively;    (2) synthesis of dye, which involves coupling chromophore and conjugated system in presence of transition metal catalyst, introducing carboxyaldehyde group into conjugated system, reacting resulting product with reagent of formula: A-CH2-G, and transforming carboxyaldehyde group into anchoring group; and    (3) use of dye.    Hal-=I-, Br-, Cl-, NCS- or SCN-.
NOVELTY - A silicon-containing layer (A) (202) having several openings is formed on solar cell (200) substrate. Silicon-containing layer (B) is formed on silicon-containing layer (A). The silicon-containing layer (B) extends into at least one opening of silicon-containing layer (A). Thus, solar cell is fabricated.    USE - Fabrication of solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fabricated solar cell has improved power efficiency by reducing travelling distance between electron and electron holes to reach junction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A silicon-containing layer (A) (202) having several openings is formed on solar cell (200) substrate. Silicon-containing layer (B) is formed on silicon-containing layer (A). The silicon-containing layer (B) extends into at least one opening of silicon-containing layer (A). Thus, solar cell is fabricated. The silicon-containing layer (A) is formed by introducing silicon containing vapor and poragen forming gas into processing chamber, depositing silicon-containing layer (A) substrate, dispersing poragen and decomposing poragen to remove poragen from silicon-containing layer (A) leaving one or more openings silicon-containing layer (A). The poragen is ethylene, propylene, isobutylene, acetylene, allylene, ethyl acetylene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, alpha -terpinine and/or piperylene. The silicon-containing layer (A) comprises amorphous silicon or microcrystalline silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of solar cell.    Solar cell (200)    Layers (202, 204)    Electron-holes (208)    Junction (210)
NOVELTY - A nitride system (31) is formed on a sapphire substrate (30). The open channels (33) are formed between the sapphire substrate and nitride system. The inner surface of the open channels is etched and the sapphire substrate and nitride system are separated.    USE - Method of separating sapphire substrate from nitride system used in manufacture of LED, laser device, solar cell and photo detector.    ADVANTAGE - The effective separation of the sapphire substrate and nitride system is achieved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the sapphire substrate with nitride system.    Sapphire substrate (30)    Nitride system (31)    Open channel (33)
NOVELTY - A silicon substrate is dipped in a mixed aqueous solution of hydrofluoric acid and oxidizer containing metal ion to form a porous silicon layer (S1) on the surface of silicon substrate. The silicon substrate surface is etched (S3) by dipping (S7) the substrate in a mixed acid comprising hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid to form a texture, and solar cell is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell having excellent workability, is efficiently manufactured using simple method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart explaining the manufacturing method of the solar cell.    Forming porous layer with metal ion (S1)    Washing with water (S2,S4,S6,S8)    Etching surface with mixed acid (S3)    Dipping in alkali (S5)    Dipping hydrofluoric acid (S7)
NOVELTY - A metal applicator (250) is provided for spraying or dropping molten aluminum (214) on back side of a silicon substrate (200) to metallize back side, to form full surface back contact, back surface field and highly reflective film over the back side surface.    USE - Method for processing silicon solar cell substrate.    ADVANTAGE - Since molten aluminum is sprayed over the substrate, the surface roughness is increased. Hence, the reflectivity and sunlight entrapment are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for system for processing silicon solar cell substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view showing silicon solar cell substrate processing. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Silicon substrate (200)    Passivation layer (208)    Molten aluminum (214)    Epitaxial silicon layer (216)    Metal applicator (250)
NOVELTY - A portion of thin film layer comprising molybdenum in thin film structure is etched. The underlying portion of thin film structure which does not contain molybdenum is completely exposed. Thus, processing of thin film structure is carried out. The etched thin film layer further contains selenium and molybdenum selenide. The thin film structure further has different layers containing cadmium telluride, amorphous silicon and micro or nano silicon, and photovoltaic film containing copper, indium, gallium and selenium. The etching is performed using sodium hypochlorite.    USE - Processing of thin film structure used for photovoltaic panel and solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The method economically and efficiently provides processed thin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of formation of thin film photovoltaic module.    Stack (300)    Absorbing layer (304)    Glass substrate (312)    Insulator (320)    Connection (324)
NOVELTY - An infrared reflective laminate has layer (B) as a base-material layer, a layer (A) stacked on one side of the layer (B), and the layer (C) stacked on the other side of the layer (B). Layer (A) is a colored resin layer having light absorption rate of 10% or less at a wavelength of 800-1400 nm. The layer (B) is a thermoplastic resin layer having dimensional change rate of (-1)-1%, when left at 150 degrees C for 30 minutes. The layer (C) is a colored resin layer having light reflectance of 50% or more at a wavelength of 400-1400 nm.    USE - Infrared reflective laminate is used as back sheet for solar cell used in solar-cell module (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The infrared reflective laminate, has excellent heat resistance, weather resistance, water-vapor barrier property, hydrolysis resistance, flexibility, and can reflect infrared light of certain wavelength to prevent heat accumulation even when it has black colored or chromatically colored appearance. The generation of curl of laminate is suppressed. The laminate can be used in sunlight and high temperature for long period of time. Electric power generation efficiency of the solar cell is improved by using the laminate as back sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of laminate.    Layer A (A)    Layer B (B)    Layer C (C)    Synthetic resin film (D1)    Thin-film layer (D2)    Solar cell (S)
NOVELTY - A controller (20) comprises a voltage detecting unit (72) for detecting voltage of fuel cell (22) after the operation of fuel cell is stopped. A scavenging control unit (74) operates scavenging gas supply apparatus (18) to start scavenging in fuel gas flow field (36) after the detected voltage is decreased to a predetermined voltage or less.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The frequency of performing scavenging in the fuel gas fuel field is reduced hence the degradation of the anode is prevented during starting operation of the fuel cell. The performance and energy efficiency of the fuel cell system are improved effectively at low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for scavenging method for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Scavenging gas supply apparatus (18)    Controller (20)    Fuel cell (22)    Fuel gas flow field (36)    Voltage detecting unit (72)    Scavenging control unit (74)
NOVELTY - The polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system has a valve (51) arranged between a fuel supplier (20) and a reformer (30) , which selectively allows or blocks the flow of fuel from the fuel supplier to the reformer. A controller (80) opens the valve for a period of time after the reforming action of reaction the reformer to supply a portion of fuel through the reformer to fuel stack (10). A power dissipation circuit (60) connected to a fuel cell stack draws the resulting residual generated power of the electrochemical reaction.    USE - Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system for use in vehicle, distributed power source for house and public building, and compact power source for electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Since the generated residual power is dissipated the deterioration and dehydration of the electrolyte membrane is prevented. Hence the system can be recovered quickly when restarted.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of operating polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell system.    Fuel stack (10)    Fuel supplier (20)    Reformer (30)    Valve (51)    Power dissipation circuit (60)    Controller (80)
NOVELTY - A pyrrole compound (2) is reacted with alkylene oxide in reaction solvent having solubility parameter of 9.3-12.5 at 25 degrees C to obtain pyrrole compound (1).    USE - Manufacture of pyrrole compound used for manufacturing conductive polymer. Can also be used for solar cell material, transistor material and optical memory material.    ADVANTAGE - The pyrrole compound is manufactured efficiently by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A pyrrole compound of formula (2) is reacted with alkylene oxide in reaction solvent having solubility parameter of 9.3-12.5 at 25 degrees C to obtain pyrrole compound of formula (1).    X1,Y1,X2,Y2=cyclic structure having hydrogen or substituent;and    R1=2-6C linear or branched alkylene.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor comprises a cyclopentane-containing compound adsorbed to its surface. The cyclopentane-containing compound has partial structure (I).    USE - Semiconductor is used for photoelectric transducer for solar cell (both claimed) used for electric power generation panel for housing installation, table-top calculator, timepiece and portable game machine.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor is economical, and provides photoelectric transducer with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, durability and stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor comprises a cyclopentane-containing compound adsorbed to its surface. The cyclopentane-containing compound has partial structure of formula (I).    X,Y',Z=oxygen, sulfur, selenium and N-R;    R=H, aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic;    R1,R2=aliphatic, aromatic or heterocyclic;    n,m=0, 1 or 2;and    l=0, 1, 2 or 3.    when l is 0, then n and m are not 0 simultaneously, and R1 and R2 are not aromatic groups simultaneously.
NOVELTY - The dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a transparent electrode (2) that is formed on a flexible glass sheet (1). A paste containing titanium oxide is coated on the transparent electrode and heated at 400-500 degrees C to form a titanium oxide porous membrane (4). A metal or transparent counter electrode (6) is formed on a glass sheet (5) and an electrolyte solution (7) is provided between the counter electrode and porous membrane so as to seal the porous membrane. An electron is delivered by electrolyte solution from counter electrode to dye absorbed by porous membrane.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell for portable terminal and residential application.    ADVANTAGE - The service life and conversion efficiently of the dye-sensitized solar cell can be improved while reducing weight of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the dye-sensitized solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Glass sheets (1,5)    Transparent electrode (2)    Titanium oxide porous membrane (4)    Counter electrode (6)    Electrolyte solution (7)
NOVELTY - The optical film (10) has a base film (11) consisting of an aluminum layer (13) and resin layers (12, 14). Resin layers (15, 17) containing thermosetting resin are laminated on both surfaces of a metallic reflective layer (16) that reflects the sunlight towards a double sided light reception type solar cell element, where the resin layer (15) is formed on the base film. The metallic reflective layer is formed by silver alloy. An adhesive layer (18) is formed on the resin layer (17), and ceramic layers with different refractive indexes are formed on the metallic reflective layer.    USE - Optical film for solar cell modules.    ADVANTAGE - The optical film ensures high light reflection rate and prevents the degradation by the oxidation of the metallic reflection layer. The peeling of a metallic reflective layer is prevented, when the metallic reflective layer receives the stress by prolonged heat shrink. The durability of the optical film is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an optical film.    Optical film (10)    Base film (11)    Resin layers (12, 14, 15, 17)    Aluminum layer (13)    Metallic reflective layer (16)    Adhesive layer (18)
NOVELTY - A quasi-solid electrolyte comprises a porous composite polymer containing poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) (1) or poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) (2), and an electrolyte solution (3).    USE - Quasi-solid electrolyte is used for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The quasi-solid electrolyte prevents solar cell from leaking and lowering light-to-electric energy conversion efficiency. The solar cell has excellent durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A quasi-solid electrolyte comprises a porous composite polymer containing poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropene) of formula: -(C(-H)2-C(-F)2)88-(C(-F)2-C(-F)(-CF3))12, or poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(propylene oxide) of formula: -(CH2-CH2-O)n-(CH2-CH(-CH3)-O)m-(CH2-CH2-O)n-, and an electrolyte solution of formula: EC/PC/LiI/I2/TBP.    EC=ethylene carbonate;    PC=propylene carbonate;    TBP=4-t-butylpyridine;and    m,n=not defined.
NOVELTY - A block copolymer compound (1) is new.    USE - Novel block copolymer compound is used for thin film and aqueous medium, and for transport and delivery of reactive and therapeutic agent into fluid medium. Can also be used for sensor, and fabrication of gold nano-structure, ultra high density memory storage medium, solar cell device and biocomposite material.    ADVANTAGE - The block copolymer compound is highly reactive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A block copolymer compound of formula (1) is new.    R1,R'1,R2,R'2=H, alkyl, aryl, carboxyl, alkoxycarbonyl or aminocarbonyl (all optionally substituted);    m,n=more than 1;    A1,A2=non-halide group of atom transfer radical polymerization initiation reagent;and    X1,X2=blocks of repeating monomeric units, halo initiation reagent and polymer terminal group.
NOVELTY - The battery has an internal hollow fiber equipped in an external hollow fiber. A sensitive layer is equipped on an internal wall of the external hollow fiber. A conductive layer is correspondingly equipped on the external wall of an internal hollow fiber. An electrolyte is filled in gap between the external and internal hollow fibers and is in the form of liquid or solid. A sensitizing agent e.g. ruthenium polypyridyl carboxylic acid, is adsorbed on sensitive layer that is made of titanium dioxide, metal sulfide and metal selenide nano-particles, perovskite and metal oxide nano-particles.    USE - Hollow fiber solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery provides automatic manufacture process, scale production, long service life, high photoelectric transformation efficiency, broad application and is inexpensive.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a hollow fiber solar battery.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises fuel cartridge storing fuel; fuel cell stack to generate power by electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen; fuel pump (118) to suck fuel stored in the fuel cartridge; pressure sensor (116) positioned in fuel channel between coupling unit of fuel cartridge and fuel pump; and fuel level computing unit (142) to compute time point when fuel exhaustion in fuel cartridge is near.    USE - Fuel cell system for refilling fuel through a cartridge exchange.    ADVANTAGE - The system senses fuel exhaustion in a cartridge beforehand with a low cost, thus preventing damage of membrane electrode assembly in fuel cell and preventing inconvenience or unexpected damage to user.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for computing a fuel level performed in a fuel cell system comprising monitoring pressure in fuel channel upstream of fuel pump; and computing that the fuel exhaustion is near, if a change of width in the pressure exceeds a first predetermined reference value during a predetermined time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic view showing a fuel cell system.    Pressure sensor (116)    Fuel pump (118)    Mixing tank (120)    Fuel level computing unit (142)    Controller (150)
NOVELTY - The light transmission subassembly has a top ultra-white glass layer, solar battery board and rear glass plate. The rear glass plate, solar battery board, and top ultra-white glass layer are laminated sequentially and sealed using EVA. Two holes are formed in the rear glass plate so as to insert circuit wires of solar battery board.    USE - Light transmission subassembly of solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - Penetration of water or gas into the solar battery board is prevented by sealing the solar battery using EVA. Hence corrosion of solar battery is prevented. The cost of the light transmission subassembly can be reduced by using glass made rear plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the light transmission subassembly.
NOVELTY - A gas diffusion layer consists of a base layer containing 1-50 weight% of moisture repellent, and a micro-porous layer, in which the hydrophobicity of the base layer is reduced gradually from millipore side to flow field side.    USE - Gas diffusion layer is used for oxyhydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cell, direct alcohol fuel cell, battery, electrolytic bath and sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The gas diffusion layer provides fuel cell having excellent workability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of preparing gas diffusion layer.
NOVELTY - The device has a circulation pipeline connected with a fuel cell module, and a valve e.g. active valve mounted in an opening to selectively cover the opening. A fuel tank is connected to a side wall of the opening, and stores fuel material with concentration greater than that of another fuel material. A pressing piece e.g. spring presses the fuel tank to deform the fuel tank, and the valve is closed to cover the opening when a pump is opened. The latter fuel material is fed into the fuel cell module, and the former fuel material in the deformed fuel tank is fed into a mixing slot.    USE - Fuel cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell device.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The present invention mainly relates to a target represented by (IB)x-(IIIA)y-(VIA)z, where IB is selected from at least one of Cu and Ag, (IIIA) is selected from at least one of In and Ga, VIA is selected from at least one of S, Se, and Te, x represents the atomic percentage of the IB contained, y represents the atomic percentage of the IIIA contained, z represents the atomic percentage of the VIA contained, 0 less than or equal to x less than 1, 0 less than or equal to y less than 1, and 0 less than or equal to z less than 1. The fabrication method of the target comprises the following steps: pre-alloy forming, where a target element and at least one other element of the target elements are synthesized to be pre-alloys; powder producing, where the pre-alloys are grinding into powders; powder mixing, where the powders are mixed together directly or mixed with another element or pre-alloy powder; and sintering, where the mixed powder is sintered into the target. The present invention also includes a thin film used in a solar cell and the thin film is fabricated by sputtering the target.
NOVELTY - A merocyanine compound (1) is new.    USE - Merocyanine compound is used for optical recording material for optical recording medium (both claimed) used for optical filter for image display apparatus, sensitized solar cell, photoelectrochemical cell, electrochromic display and organic semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - The merocyanine compound has excellent pyrolysis property. The optical recording material formed using merocyanine compound has acyl optical characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A merocyanine compound of formula (1) is new.    ring A=5 or 6 membered ring having nitrogen atom;    R1=H, 1-10C alkyl, 6-30C aryl, 7-30C aralkyl or nitrogen-containing compound of formula (2);    R2=cyano or 1-10C alkyl;    R3=H, hydroxyl, halogen, nitro, cyano, 1-10C alkyl, 6-30C aryl, 7-30C arylalkyl, 2-30C heterocyclic, or amino, where R1 and R3 optionally bond to form ring, 1-10C alkyl has methylene, and 7-30C arylalkyl optionally substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -SO2-, -NH-, -CONH-, -N=CH- or -CH=CH-;    G=oxygen or organic group-containing compound of formula: CH2=C(-D)-J (3);    Ra-Ri=H or 1-4C alkyl, where methylene group in alkyl is substituted by -O- or -CO-;    Z1=direct bond or 1-8C alkylene group, where methylene group in alkylene is optionally substituted by -O-, -S-, -CO-, -COO-, -OCO-, -SO2-, -NH-, -CONH-, -N=CH- or -CH=CH-;    M=Fe, Co, Ni, Ti, Cu, Zn, Zr, Cr, Mo, Os, Mn, Ru, Sn, Pd, Rh, Pt or Ir;    D,J=-CO-R, -CO-OR or -CO-NRR;and    R,R'=1-10C alkyl, 6-20C aryl or 7-20C arylalkyl.
NOVELTY - The method involves designing and irradiating a hardened adhesive layer (57) according to a pattern such that the adhesive layer is provided in cross linked, hardened form. A carrier foil is detached from a foil group comprising a thin film layer (47), the adhesive layer and a plastic foil (51). The thin film layer is remained on the plastic foil and the carrier foil in respective pattern regions and is removed from the plastic foil. A conductive strip structure is formed, while the thin film layer remaining on the plastic foil is strengthened galvanically with a metal layer (71).    USE - Method for manufacturing a conductive strip structure such as electrically conductive contact surface, electrode surface, conductive strip, antenna element and coil element, of an electronic element or electronic circuit e.g. resistor, capacitor, inductor, FET, diode, LED, solar cell, organic LED display, foil battery, organic FET and TRIAC (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The conductive strip structure is formed, while the thin film layer remaining on the plastic foil is strengthened galvanically with the metal layer, thus increasing the switching speed and improving the increased maximum stress with larger current due to smaller parasitic capacities. The method avoids thermal load of electrical function layers of the elements or circuits during the manufacturing process, thus manufacturing the conductive strip structures in an accurate manner with high resolution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of a foil composite.    Thin film layer (47)    Plastic foil (51)    Foil Composite (56)    Adhesive layer (57)    Metal layer (71)
NOVELTY - An expander (11) expands the diameter of pulse laser beam (40) emitted by a laser source (10). A stage (19) maintains a workpiece e.g. panel (30) movably in a direction parallel to Y-direction. The shaking mirrors (17a,17b) scan the laser beams in the direction which intersects the direction in which the workpiece is moved. The laser beam scanned by the shaking mirror is injected on the workpiece.    USE - Laser processing apparatus for use during manufacture of flat panel display (FPD) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The laser processing can be performed at high speed and high accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for laser processing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the laser processing apparatus.    Laser light source (10)    Expander (11)    Shaking mirrors (17a,17b)    Stage (19)    Panel (30)
NOVELTY - The assembly has a reformate chamber (30) which is arranged at the downstream of a reformer (2) and is provided with a wall containing a heat exchange interface (17). A fuel steam mixing chamber (10) feeds mixture of fuel and steam into the reformer. The mixing chamber is arranged in a position corresponding to the heat exchange interface so as to enable heat exchange between the reformate chamber and mixing chamber.    USE - Fuel cell stack and reformer assembly for use in motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The thermal efficiency and operativity of the assembly can be improved without increasing its cost and design complexity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of feeding reformate to fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the fuel cell stack and reformer assembly.    Reformer (2)    Mixing chamber (10)    Base plate (11)    Heat exchange interface (17)    Reformate chamber (30)
NOVELTY - The device (110) comprises surface (120) that is formed facing web (100). Several gas outlets (130) are arranged on the surface, for providing hover cushion (140) for web.    USE - Web guiding device for use during manufacture of thin-film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The web can be guided through slit smoothly without friction between surface of guiding device and web.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) apparatus for coating web;    (2) method for contact-free guiding of web;    (3) method for coating web; and    (4) method for producing thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of web guiding device.    Web (100)    Web guiding device (110)    Surface of guiding device (120)    Gas outlet (130)    Hover cushion (140)
NOVELTY - The device (110) comprises a guiding surface (120) facing the web (100) and several gas outlets (130) that are arranged in the guiding surface. The gas outlets are adapted for providing a hover cushion (140) comprising process gas for guiding the web on the guiding surface.    USE - Device for guiding web used during manufacture of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The web can be easily guided over the surface by generating a hover cushion between the surface and web.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for guiding web in vacuum atmosphere.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the web guiding device.    Web (100)    Guiding device (110)    Guiding surface (120)    Gas outlet (130)    Hover cushion (140)
NOVELTY - A vehicle has engine for traction power, an APU (100) and a fuel reservoir. Fuel is used in order to run the engine and APU of the vehicle. APU has fuel processor (104) and fuel cell (122), and fuel processor is provided between the fuel reservoir and fuel cell. A first heat exchanger (114) heated by gasses that comes from water condenser (120) separates DME fuel from the lubricant included in the DME before supplying DME fuel to fuel processor.    USE - Vehicle e.g. truck.    ADVANTAGE - Enables reliable separation of DME fuel from the lubricant included in the DME.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an APU; and    (2) an APU process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic of the APU.    APU (100)    Fuel processor (104)    First heat exchanger (114)    Water condenser (120)    Fuel cell (122)
NOVELTY - A reactive oxide substrate is heated to a primary temperature, such that the reactive oxide substrate is reduced. The reduced reactive oxide substrate is contacted with a gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide at a secondary temperature, and a fuel is prepared. The reactive oxide substrate comprises a cerium oxide. The primary temperature is more than the secondary temperature.    USE - Preparation of fuel for storing thermal energy such as solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel is efficiently prepared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reactive oxide substrate is heated to a primary temperature, such that the reactive oxide substrate is reduced. The reduced reactive oxide substrate is contacted with a gas mixture comprising carbon dioxide at a secondary temperature, and a fuel is prepared. The reactive oxide substrate comprises a cerium oxide. The primary temperature is more than the secondary temperature. The fuel comprises carbon monoxide, molecular hydrogen (syngas) and/or methane. The gas mixture further comprises water vapor. The cerium oxide comprises dopant to form a doped cerium oxide. The dopant comprises transition metal and /or lanthanide. The doped cerium oxide comprises samarium doped ceria. The reactive oxide substrate further comprises catalyst. The catalyst comprises transition metal chosen from iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium and/or platinum, preferably nickel, platinum and/or rhodium. The reactive oxide substrate is prepared using pore-forming agent comprising starch, and ethanol. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for preparing reactive oxide substrate.
NOVELTY - The method involves providing vacuum processing stations (P11-P1n,P21-P2m) for each vacuum processes. The vacuum processing stations are grouped respectively by performing vacuum treatment processes. Each workpiece is treated consecutively by vacuum processes for transporting the workpiece simultaneously from one processing station to next processing station.    USE - Method for manufacturing workpiece such as substrate used in data storage disk and solar panel for photovoltaic applications.    ADVANTAGE - Since the workpieces are vacuum treated with parallel processing, the dead processing time is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for vacuum treatment apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of the vacuum treatment apparatus.    Vacuum processing chamber (3)    Transport arrangement (5)    Transport arms (7)    Workpiece support (9)    Processing stations (P11-P1n,P21-P2m)
NOVELTY - An optical device (10) has single-crystal silicon substrate (1), ( beta )-iron silica semiconductor film (2) which is formed on the one surface of substrate by epitaxial growth and transparent metal film (3) which is formed by performing schottky junction between the semiconductor films, and has light transmittance. A light (5) is entered from the upper surfaced of the metal film and schottky diode is comprised.    USE - Optical device such as optical sensor, photodiode and solar cell for semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - The optical device has excellent light sensitivity, electrical property and adhesiveness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An optical device has single-crystal silicon substrate, ( beta )-iron silica (FeSi2) semiconductor film which is formed on the one surface of substrate by epitaxial growth and transparent metal film which is formed by performing schottky junction between the semiconductor films, and has light transmittance. A light is entered from the upper surfaced of the metal film and schottky diode is comprised. The metal film contains gold-antimony alloy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the optical device.    Single-crystal silicon substrate (1)    Beta-iron silicon semiconductor film (2)    Transparent metal film (3)    Light (5)    Optical device (10)
NOVELTY - A substrate is thermally activated in presence of an etching property gas having chemical etching property at 200-500 degrees C with respect to silicon, a silane type source gas and a carrier gas capable of raising dilution ratio of source gas, by heating. The etching property gas promotes relaxation and crystallization of network structure of silicon, and a crystalline semiconductor material having silicon as main component is formed. Thus, semiconductor base material is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of semiconductor base material used for electronic devices, such as planar display and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor base material is manufactured without generating particles. The decomposition of source gas and deposition of film in inner wall of chemical vapor deposition apparatus are suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A substrate is thermally activated in presence of an etching property gas having chemical etching property at 200-500 degrees C with respect to silicon, a silane type source gas and a carrier gas capable of raising dilution ratio of source gas, by heating. The etching property gas promotes relaxation and crystallization of network structure of silicon, and a crystalline semiconductor material having silicon as main component is formed. Thus, semiconductor base material is manufactured. The etching property gas is halogen chosen from fluorine, chlorine and bromine, or halogen fluoride such as bromine fluoride, nitrogen fluoride and/or chlorine trifluoride, and is preferably germanium halide. The carrier gas is helium, argon, neon, hydrogen and/or nitrogen. The substrate is glass material, metallic substrate, semiconductor base material and/or organic base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the explanatory view of apparatus used for manufacturing semiconductor base material. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive film contains magnesium, element (A) chosen from carbon, silicon, and boron, oxygen and hydrogen. The transparent conductive film contains magnesium, carbon, oxygen and hydrogen. The transparent conductive film is formed in an atmosphere water vapor or water.    USE - Transparent conductive film is used for surface electrode of solar cell, drive electrode of liquid crystal display, and electrode of transparent touch panel and electroluminescent flat lamp.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive film has excellent visible-light transmittance and electroconductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the transparent conductive film.
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic undercoat agent composition contains hydrophilic polymer, metal alkoxide and catalyst.    USE - Hydrophilic undercoat agent composition is used for hydrophilic component (claimed) such as mirror for vehicles, bathroom, washroom and road mirror, lens for illumination, semiconductor and copier, window glass for buildings, gondola of motor vehicle, rail vehicle, aircraft and vessel, goggles for protection and sports, including but are limited to building materials, exterior of machinery, display device, insulator, solar cell cover, household equipment, tableware, dish dryer, automatic vending machine and air-conditioner outdoor unit.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrophilic undercoat agent composition provides hydrophilic component having fog prevention effect.
NOVELTY - The reformer (40) has several honeycomb catalyst portions (80a-80c) with several channels (78a-78c) for distributing the raw fuel containing modification catalyst. A pressure regulation portion supplies the raw fuel to several channels of honeycomb catalyst portion equally. The sum total of cross-sectional area of the channels is set uniformly.    USE - Reformer for fuel cell system (claimed) used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The distribution of flow volume of raw material in each channel can be equalized and the unmodified gas is suppressed, so that the reformation efficiency is improved. The pressure loss occurring during the distribution of raw fuel is reduced effectively. The size of reformer is reduced, since the sum total of cross-sectional area of channel is set uniformly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the reformer.    Reformer (40)    Cylindrical structure (70)    Partition plate (72a-72c)    Raw fuel channels (78a-78c)    Honeycomb-catalyst portions (80a-80c)
NOVELTY - A peelable metal foil has a metal foil laminated on surface(s) of metal carrier. The metal foil has layered structure including metal layer (A) vapor-deposited in the interface of metal carrier, and metal layer(s) (B) formed on the metal layer (A) by vapor disposition or electroplating.    USE - Peelable metal foil is used for manufacture of copper clad laminated board used in electrical and electronic equipments, and for electromagnetic shielding component of flat panel display, electrode of thin film capacitor, solar cell panel, secondary battery and fuel cell, terminal of connector, and wiring pattern of semiconductor device.    ADVANTAGE - The peelable metal foil is excellent in heat resistance, and peeling property of carrier and metal foil. The peelable metal foil is free from organic component and release layer. The peelable metal foil having ultra-thin metal foil is easily obtained in high yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A peelable metal foil has a metal foil laminated on surface(s) of metal carrier. The metal foil has layered structure including metal layer (A) vapor-deposited in the interface of metal carrier, and metal layer(s) (B) formed on the metal layer (A) by vapor disposition or electroplating. The metal layers (A,B) contains copper, nickel, zinc, chromium, cobalt, titanium, tin, platinum, silver, gold or their alloys. The metal carrier consists of aluminum foil or copper foil. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of peelable metal foil.
NOVELTY - The method involves mixing carrier gas with transparent electrically conductive material fine particles such as oxide semiconductor fine particles, so as to form aerosol. The aerosol is injected from a nozzle (5) to collide with substrate (7). A transparent conductive film is formed on the substrate. A microwave or plasma is irradiated to the transparent conductive film.    USE - Manufacturing method of transparent conductive film for LCD, solar cell, electronic office equipment such as mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conducting film with high electroconductivity can be manufactured with large area at low cost. The productive efficiency can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the transparent conductive film production apparatus.    Aerosol generator (2)    Nozzle (5)    Film forming apparatus (6)    Substrate (7)    Microwave applicator (20)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell in which a fuel-supply flow path (25) is incorporated inside the main component (30) of fuel cell, or which is equipped with a removable fuel storage container (10), and a pump (20) for supplying the fuel from the fuel storage container, is provided. The residual amount of fuel inside the fuel storage container is detected (A) by measuring the pressure loss generated in connection with the fuel supply in the fuel-supply flow path.    USE - Detection of residual amount of fuel in fuel storage containers of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables easy detection of residual amount of fuel inside fuel storage containers of fuel cells, by a simple mechanism.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the detection method of residual amount of fuel.    Fuel storage container (10)    Pump (20)    Fuel-supply flow path (25)    Fuel-cell main component (30)    Detection method (A)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system comprises an integrated assembly (114) of a fuel unit (116) and an aqueous solution unit (118). The fuel unit has a fuel tank (120) holding highly concentrated fuel. A fuel filter (124) purifies the fuel supplied from the fuel tank through a fuel feed pump (136). The fuel feed pump and the fuel filter are attached to the fuel tank.    USE - Fuel cell system for transport apparatus (claimed) e.g. two-wheeled motor vehicle. Can also be used in vessel and other motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The length of the piping structure can be shortened as fuel feed pump and fuel filter are attached to fuel tank. The assembly and disassembly of the fuel cell system can be performed easily due to the integrated assembly structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Integrated assembly (114)    Fuel unit (116)    Aqueous solution unit (118)    Fuel tank (120)    Fuel filter (124)    Fuel feed pump (136)
NOVELTY - An auxiliary layer of flat form is arranged on the upper and lower surface in the lamination direction of the electric power generation cell (20) of the electric power generation stack (10). The electric power generation stack and the auxiliary layer are arranged so that projection image to lamination direction of electric power generation cell of electric power generation stack with respect to auxiliary layer is settled in one plane on auxiliary layer.    USE - Fuel reformation type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The heat emitted from the stack is interrupted by the auxiliary layer. The quantity of heat escaping from the stack can be reduced, thus cooling of the stack is avoided. The distribution of the heat inside the fuel cell can be made uniform.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the fuel reformation type fuel cell.    Electric power generation stack (10)    Electric power generation cell (20)    Oxidizing agent heat exchange layer (44)    Combustion layer (46a)    Container (50)
NOVELTY - A dye support semiconductor electrode arranged opposite a counter electrode (6) carries dye (4) through a charge transferring layer in an oxide semiconductor (3) on an electroconductive support body. The dye support semiconductor electrode immerses the dye in a solvent having a dielectric constant of 40 to 75.    USE - Dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer manufacturing method for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Utilizes solvent that adsorbs and aggregates sensitizing dye molecule, thus developing optical absorption wavelength inexpensively and providing efficient photoelectric transducer and solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrates (1,1')    Transparent conductive films (2,7)    Oxide semiconductor (3)    Dye (4)    Counter electrode (6)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrode (11) has light reception layer (13) formed adjoining transparent conductive layer (11B). A counter electrode (12) is formed on specific side of light reception layer. A reflection element having slopes (S1,S2) for reflecting incident light towards light reception layer, is formed on transparent conductive layer.    USE - Photoelectric transducer e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion of the photoelectric transducer can be improved efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the top view and sectional view of photoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Transparent electrode (11)    Transparent conductive layer (11B)    Counter electrode (12)    Light reception layer (13)    Slopes (S1,S2)
NOVELTY - A fuel gas discharge unit (118) and an oxidizing agent gas discharge unit (128) discharges fuel gas and oxidizing agent gas respectively from fuel cell stack (100). A cooling water discharge unit (133) discharges the cooling water from the cell stack with a cooling water pump (134). A cooling water tank (132) is provided between the cooling water pump and a cooling water supply unit (131). A de-oxidation unit removes oxygen in the oxidizing agent gas at the time of shutdown. An oxygen interruption unit prevents the penetration of oxygen from outside to the cell stack.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The penetration of oxygen from outside to the cell stack is prevented reliably so that performance degradation of the fuel cell system is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for control method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell stack (100)    Fuel gas discharge unit (118)    Oxidizing agent gas discharge unit (128)    Cooling water supply unit (131)    Cooling water tank (132)    Cooling water discharge unit (133)    Cooling water pump (134)
NOVELTY - A transparent electroconductive material contains metal nanowire and metal nanoparticles. At least one portion of metal nanoparticles is joined to at least one portion of metal nanowire. The metal nanoparticles contain gold, silver or copper.    USE - Transparent electroconductive material is used for transparent electroconductive element (claimed) used in liquid crystal display element, organic light emitting element, inorganic electroluminescent element, solar cell and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electroconductive material is excellent in electroconductivity and transparency, by joining metal nanowire and metal nanoparticles. The lightweight and transparent electroconductive element having excellent flexibility is provided economically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of transparent electroconductive material.
NOVELTY - Catalyst for anode oxidation of acetic acid comprises platinum and oxide of molybdenum, tin, tungsten, and/or ruthenium.    USE - Catalyst for anode oxidation of acetic acid, ethanol and methanol for a fuel cell for an electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has improved output characteristics.
NOVELTY - A solar cell module (1) comprises solar cell element (2) embedded in filler (3a,3b), a back-surface reinforcing material (5) bonded together with solar cell element, and a resin layer (5b) covered with polyester resin by outer surface of back-surface reinforcing material. The structural monomer of polyester resin is used as ethylene glycol or glycerin in solar cell module. The back-surface reinforcing material is base material (5a) comprising metal plate.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell module having excellent corrosion resistance, reliability for long time, is economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of solar cell module.    Solar cell module (1)    Solar cell element (2)    Filler (3a,3b)    Back-surface reinforcing material (5)    Base material (5a)    Resin layer (5b)
NOVELTY - A back surface filler sheet consists of a white layer (1) containing transparent resin (a) and white pigment, and adhesive layer (2) containing a silane-modified transparent resin, provided on both surfaces of white layer. The white pigment is titanium oxide.    USE - Back surface filler sheet is used for solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The back surface filler sheet has excellent light reflection property and adhesiveness.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of the back surface filler sheet.    White layer (1)    Adhesive layer (2)    Back surface filler sheet (3)
NOVELTY - The system (1) has a fuel cell stack (2), which is connected with electrical connecting lines (3, 4). The fuel cell stack is short circuited for a necessary emergency shut-down. A short circuit device (7) is provided for short circuiting the fuel cell and exhibiting a pyrotechnic releasable mechanical switch (8) and a semiconductor switch (10), whose resistance is reduced for short circuiting the fuel cell. The short circuit device has an additional switching element and a transistor, which is attached to an inverter or transformer.    USE - Portable fuel cell i.e. polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell, system for use in a vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell stack is short circuited for a necessary emergency shut-down, and the short circuit is produced in a desired and definite manner, thus achieving a desired operating condition in a reliable manner without complexity at reduced expenditure during the emergency shut down and in an accidental situation. The short circuiting of the fuel cell also avoids impermissible high voltages endangering the person so that the danger caused by a voltage source is avoided. The system avoids expenditure for a control, thus reducing the mounting expenditure and space requirement of the system. The system avoids using of two actuators, thus achieving component reduction and the weight reduction in the system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematical view of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell stack (2)    Electrical connecting lines (3, 4)    Short circuit device (7)    Switch (8)    Semiconductor switch (10)
NOVELTY - A surface treatment liquid contains an organic ammonium salt and/or inorganic ammonium salt.    USE - Surface treatment liquid is used for roughening inorganic-resist layer for forming precision processed component (both claimed), optical disk such as Blu-ray disk and high definition digital versatile disk (HD-DVD), light reflection preventive structure in solar cell and fuel flow path in fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The surface of inorganic-resist layer is roughened uniformly and simply using surface treatment liquid without including poisonous and deleterious substance. The inorganic-resist surface has improved sensitivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A surface treatment liquid contains an organic ammonium salt and/or inorganic ammonium salt. The organic ammonium salt and/or inorganic ammonium salt contains silicate ion (SiO32-), carbonate ion (CO32-) and/or phosphate ion (PO42-) as anion.
NOVELTY - The bus stop (2) has solar panel (7) with solar cell, battery and charging circuit controller that is arranged to charge battery with electricity generated by solar cell. A power demand controller regulates distribution of power to electronic facilities such as display device and a lighting unit (8) in bus stop. The lighting unit has acrylic sheet, LED lighting bars arranged under roof (5) inside the bus stop to illuminate printed advertisement. A display device has electronic paper display to show timetable schedule, delays and expected arrival time.    USE - Bus stop.    ADVANTAGE - The lighting can be fitted to bus stop so that the cost for installing main supply is reduced. The power consumption is reduced by the electronic paper display which consumes very less power during display.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an isometric view of the bus stop.    Bus stop (2)    Support post (4)    Roof (5)    Solar panel (7)    Lighting unit (8)
NOVELTY - The multi-layer solar cell (S) has a layer (1) made of photovoltaic thin film laminate, where another layer (2), made of polymer modified bitumen, is coated at a lower side of the former layer. A polyester barrier film is arranged between the former and the latter layer at the lower side of the former layer. The polyester barrier film is connected to the former layer by an adhesive. The polyester barrier film is a polyethylene terephthalate film or a polyethylene terephthalate or aluminum or polyethylene terephthalate film with an aluminum layer at an inner side.    USE - Multi-layer solar cell, particularly for slanted roofs.    ADVANTAGE - The multi-layer solar cell has a layer made of photovoltaic thin film laminate, where another layer, made of polymer modified bitumen, is coated at a lower side of the former layer, and a polyester barrier film is arranged between the former and the latter layer at the lower side of the former layer, and hence ensures to increase the shearing and peeling firmness.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a two-layer solar cell.    Layers (1,2)    Separating foil (5)    Solar cell (S)
NOVELTY - The component has a polycrystalline layer (6) formed on a part of upper surfaces (3, 4) of a substrate (1), where the layer is made of a semiconductor material. The layer has a set of crystalline germinations (8) e.g. germanium or silicium particles. The material of the substrate is dimensionally stable with temperatures between 800 degree Celsius and 900 degree Celsius. The substrate is formed from a textile area-measured material and made of stainless steel, glass or carbon. A diffusions barrier layer (5) made of molybdenum is provided between the substrate and the polycrystalline layer.    USE - Multi-layered semiconductor component for use as a multi-layered two-dimensional photodiode, photo element and a solar cell in an electronic device, for generating sunlight power.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor component can be easily produced in a large scale.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a semiconductor component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a multi-layered semiconductor component with a semiconductor layer.    Substrate (1)    Upper surfaces (3, 4)    Diffusions barrier layer (5)    Polycrystalline layer (6)    Crystalline germinations (8)
NOVELTY - Hydrogen and hydrocarbon and/or carbon acid compound are reacted in presence of catalyst and methanation process (A) is carried out, to obtain methane and water. Then, another hydrocarbon is added and reacted in presence of catalyst, to obtain aromatic compound. The heat emitted during the methanation process is used as heat source for manufacturing aromatic compound.    USE - Manufacture of aromatic compound such as benzene used as raw material for manufacturing aromatic compound derivative, and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides aromatic compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flowchart of manufacturing method of aromatic compound. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Lines (1-12)    Methanation process (A)    Water removal process (B)    Synthetic process of aromatic compound (C)    Separation process of aromatic compound (D)
NOVELTY - A continuously operated vacuum wafer-coating assembly has air locks to a process chamber via an inlet and an outlet. The chamber has a conveyer for (11) a plasma boat holding the stacked wafers. The wafers are stacked equally spaced in the same plane on an electrically conducting rack (32) with a base plate (30) and subject to alternating current.    USE - Continuously operated vacuum wafer-coating assembly for semiconductor wafers and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The use of compact substrate racks increases throughput in comparison with prior art. Further claimed is that the assembly is suitable for modular construction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The wafers are stacked either horizontally in the plasma boat in one or more levels. The wafers are 1 m x 0.2 m and are separated by a gap of 3-20 mm. One or more plasma boats pass through the chamber at the same time and linked together in series. The plasma boat has runners or rollers and may a transverse and/or longitudinal passage through the chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side-view of a suitable plasma boat.    Wafer (11)    base plate/plasma boat (30)    rollers (31)
NOVELTY - Carbonate production apparatus (10) has a generator (70) which generates ketone, a reactor (20) which reacts ketone and alcohol to obtain ketal, and ketal and carbon dioxide to obtain carbonate, a refining tower (50) which separates carbonate from the mixture containing unreacted ketone and/or generated ketal, and carbonate, and an entrainer. The carbonate is separated in the refining tower by supplying the unreacted ketone and/or generated ketone into entrainer.    USE - Apparatus is used for producing carbonate used as raw material for fuel cell, and for engineering plastic.    ADVANTAGE - The carbonate production apparatus has excellent workability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for separation method of alcohol and carbonate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the dimethyl carbonate production apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Carbonate production apparatus (10)    Reactor (20)    Refining tower (50)    Recovery tower (60)    Generator (70)    Dehydrating tower (80)
NOVELTY - A fluorine-containing elastomer composition contains wax (A) (10 mass parts), with respect to 100 mass parts of fluorine-containing elastomer (B).    USE - Fluorine-containing elastomer composition is used for manufacturing molded article (claimed) used as coating material, lining material and sealing material such as gasket, packing, oil seal, bearing seal and lip seal for liquid crystal panel production apparatus, automatic transmission, included but are not limited to fuel system, field emission display panel, solar cell, plasma panel production apparatus, semiconductor manufacturing apparatus, hard-disk drive of computer, sputtering device and exhaust apparatus, and for heat radiation material and electromagnetic shielding material.    ADVANTAGE - The fluorine-containing elastomer composition provides molded article having excellent durability, excellent workability and low surface sticking tendency.
NOVELTY - A conductive composition contains an electroconductive silver powder and a flux material, dispersed in an organic medium.    USE - Conductive composition is used for structure for semiconductor substrate, and for manufacturing semiconductor device such as solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides solar cell having excellent electrical efficiency, adhesiveness, moisture resistance and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A conductive composition contains an electroconductive silver powder and a flux material, dispersed in an organic medium. The flux material comprises lead-silicon oxide (Pb2SiO4). The composition further contains zinc-containing additive, and glass frit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the explanatory view of the fabrication of semiconductor device.    Silicon nitride film (30)    Aluminum paste formed on back side (60)    Silver formed on back side (70)    Silver back electrode (71)    Silver paste formed on front side (500)
NOVELTY - The stiffening rib comprises at least one area configured to accommodate a polymer-based adhesive for bonding rib to the reflector side away from the sun. The stiffening rib is formed matching the contour of the reflector. Two of the ribs, the reflector, and the adhesive have respective coefficients of thermal expansion (CTE) within about 50% of one another. The stiffening rib is sized and positioned on the reflector so as to increase an El value of the reflector of about 10 times or at least 9,180 Pascal meters.    USE - Stiffening rib for reflector in solar collector system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Has coating formed in a more consistent and uniform manner to improve the reflective characteristics and the optical performance e.g. better and more consistent reflection of visible or infrared radiation, of the final product.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method of making a solar collector system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of a mirror.    Flat glass substrate (9')    Glass substrate (18)    Glue layer (20)    Mounting pads or brackets (32)    Passivating film (50)
NOVELTY - The reactor (10) has a capacitive coupling electrode assembly (30) comprising a set of capacitive coupling electrodes (31, 33) to induce plasma discharge inside the plasma reactor. A main power supply source (40) supplies radio-frequency power, and a distribution circuit receives the radio-frequency power supplied from the main power supply source and distributes the received radio-frequency power to the capacitive coupling electrodes. The distribution circuit comprises a current balance circuit (50) that includes a compensation circuit.    USE - Capacitively coupled plasma reactor for uniformly generating large-area plasma during manufacture of a solar power battery and a flat display i.e. LCD, and semiconductor integrated circuit fabrication in a semiconductor fabrication industry.    ADVANTAGE - The reactor utilizes the distribution circuit that comprises the current balance circuit, so that current supplied to the capacitive coupling electrodes is automatically in balance in each electrode, thus uniformly generating and maintaining large-area plasma, and hence increasing productivity in the semiconductor industry. The reactor allows a set of large-area substrates to be simultaneously processed, so that substrate processing rate per equipment area is improved. The current balance circuit comprises the compensation circuit, so that leakage current is compensated. The reactor is inexpensive, and occupies less space.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a plasma reactor.    Capacitively coupled plasma reactor (10)    Capacitive coupling electrode assembly (30)    Capacitive coupling electrodes (31, 33)    Main power supply source (40)    Current balance circuit (50)
NOVELTY - A conductive composition (C1) comprises electrically conductive silver; at least one flux material, where the flux materials are lead-free; dispersed in organic vehicle.    USE - In structures e.g. solar cell; for manufacturing a semiconductor device (claimed) e.g. silicon semiconductor device; in a conductive silver paste for use in the front side of a solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The structures comprising the composition have improved electrical performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) structure comprising the thick film composition (C1); insulating films, where the thick film composition is formed on the insulating films, and where upon firing, the organic medium is removed; and    (2) manufacturing a semiconductor device, involving providing semiconductor substrates, insulating films, and the thick film composition, applying the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate, applying the thick film composition on the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate, and firing the semiconductor, insulating film and thick film composition, where, upon firing, the organic vehicle is removed, the silver and flux materials are sintered.
NOVELTY - Conductive composition comprises electrically conductive silver and one or more flux materials, dispersed in organic vehicle.    USE - The conductive composition is useful in manufacturing a structure, which is a solar cell including a semiconductor device (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The conductive composition improves the electrical performance and efficiency of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a structure comprising a thick film composition comprising an electrically conductive silver and one or more flux materials dispersed in an organic medium, and one or more insulating films, where the thick film composition is formed on the insulating films, and the organic medium is removed upon firing; and    (2) a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, comprising providing one or more semiconductor substrates (10), one or more insulating films and the thick film composition, applying the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate, applying the thick film composition on the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate, and firing the semiconductor, insulating film and thick film composition, where, upon firing, the organic vehicle is removed, and the silver and glass frits are sintered.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a step of fabricating a semiconductor device.    Substrate. (10)
NOVELTY - A stacked structure has a water-soluble photosensitive material disposed on the surface of a soluble organic semiconductor material.    USE - Stacked structure is used for organic thin film transistor used for organic thin film transistor array (claimed) used for liquid crystal display and organic light emitting diode display, and also used for organic solar cell, sensor and RFID-tag.    ADVANTAGE - The stacked structure economically enables manufacture of organic thin film transistor having favorable working performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for patterning method, which involves forming water soluble photosensitive material on the soluble organic semiconductor material, patterning photosensitive material, performing wet etching process with the patterned photosensitive material layer as etching mask, and patterning soluble organic semiconductor material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of organic thin film transistor.    Gate (210)    Gate insulating layer (220)    Source (232a)    Drain (234a)    Active layer (240a)    Protective layer (250a)    Base layer (260)    Organic thin film transistor (300)
NOVELTY - Thick film conductive composition (I) comprises electrically conductive silver, zinc-containing additive and one or more glass frits, dispersed in organic medium.    USE - (I) is useful: for manufacturing a semiconductor device; and on the front side of a solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - (I) has improved electrical performance. (I) has: good stable dispersion of solids; appropriate viscosity and thixotropy for screen printing; appropriate wet ability of the substrate and the paste solids; good drying rate; and good firing properties due to the presence of organic medium.
NOVELTY - The cell has a solar battery layer including window layers (204, 205) and a light absorption layer (202) that are adhered in upper and lower parts of a transparent substrate (200), where a configuration element of the light absorption layer and the window layer are identical. The window layer is doped with metal oxide. A reflective back plate (220) is adhered in a side of the battery layer, and a reflection barrier layer (230) is adhered in other side of the battery layer. A buffer layer forms an inter-layer band gap energy gap between the window layer and an optical absorption layer.    USE - Tandem thin film type compound semiconductor solar cell for a residential system.    ADVANTAGE - The quantum efficiency of the cell is improved by using solar battery layers. The efficiency of the cell is improved. The cell prevents the loss of the light by using zinc oxide, the reflective back plate and the reflection barrier layer. The production cost of the cell is decreased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a tandem thin film type compound semiconductor solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a tandem thin film type compound semiconductor solar cell.    Transparent substrate (200)    Light absorption layer (202)    Window layers (204, 205)    Reflective back plate (220)    Reflection barrier layer (230)
NOVELTY - A supported catalyst contains catalyst particles comprising alloy (51) of platinum and gold, and electroconductive support (52) for supporting the catalyst particles. 50% or more of gold forms a solid solution with platinum.    USE - Supported catalyst is used for fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The supported catalyst provides fuel cell having excellent cycle life characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of fuel cell.    Membrane electrode assembly (1)    Anode catalyst layer (2)    Cathode catalyst layer (3)    Electrolyte layer (4)    Supported catalyst (5)    Catalyst metal (51)    Electroconductive support (52)
NOVELTY - A barrier undercoating layer is deposited on a glass substrate. A silica precursor comprising silica sol is deposited on the barrier undercoating layer, to form a coating layer. The coating layer is cured and/or heated in an oven at a temperature of 550 degrees C for 1-10 minutes. The barrier undercoating layer comprises a metal oxide chosen from silica, alumina, titania, zirconia, and oxynitride of silica, preferably silica. The silica sol comprises silane and/or colloidal silica.    USE - Method of forming low-index silica based coating for forming photovoltaic device such as solar cell, and coated article (both claimed). Can also be used as antireflective film for storefront window, picture frame, fireplace door, and greenhouse glass/window.    ADVANTAGE - The low-index silica based coating is efficiently formed.
NOVELTY - A high molecular compound has a bithiophene-containing repeating unit (1) and a benzothiadiazole-containing repeating unit (2).    USE - High molecular compound is used for organic layer of organic photoelectric transducer (claimed) such as organic solar cell and photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The high molecular compound provides organic photoelectric transducer having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high molecular compound has a bithiophene-containing repeating unit of formula (1) and a benzothiadiazole-containing repeating unit of formula (2).    Ar1,Ar2=group of formula (3), or arylene group of formula (4 or 5);and    R1-R36=H, alkyl, alkoxy or aryl.    The hydrogen atom contained in alkyl, alkoxy or aryl is optionally substituted by a fluorine atom.
NOVELTY - A diaphragm comprises composite film and porous membrane including hydrolysis-resistant polyimide resin. The composite film contains anion exchange resin which is filled in the cavity of the porous membrane.    USE - Diaphragm for electrolytic membrane-electrode assembly used for direct liquid fuel-type fuel cell (both claimed) for motor vehicles.    ADVANTAGE - The diaphragm has excellent heat resistance, durability, conductivity, water permeability and battery characteristics.
NOVELTY - Preparing silicon, comprises thermally reducing a raw material based on silicon dioxide with a reducing agent in a microwave oven.    USE - The microwave oven is useful for the thermal reduction of raw material based on silicon dioxide with a reducing agent, to silicon (claimed). The silicon, preferably ultra clean silicon is useful for the manufacture of semiconductor and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The process prepares the silicon with low-cost and by handling simple apparatus. The silicon shows low impurities in the manufacture of semiconductor and solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for the preparation of silicon, where the device is a microwave oven (1) and is provided for inclusion of at least one container (2) and the microwave source is provided for the production of a radiation front (4) for carrying out the zone melting process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a device for carrying out the process for the preparation of silicon.    Microwave oven (1)    Container (2)    Radiation source (3)    Radiation front. (4)
NOVELTY - A compressor (31) supplies reactive gases included oxidation gas to the fuel cell (2). A rotation speed controller (5) increases the maximum rotation speed allowed in the compressor, if the atmospheric pressure detected by a pressure sensor (P) is below a predetermined value.    USE - Fuel cell system used as electric power source for e.g. fuel cell hybrid vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Sufficient oxidation gas can be supplied to the fuel cell without overloading the compressor, even if the atmospheric pressure falls.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (2)    Rotation speed controller (5)    Compressor (31)    Pressure sensor (P)    Temperature sensor (T)
NOVELTY - The silicon semiconductor device includes a thick film composition e.g. front electrode silver paste (500) which comprises an electrically conductive silver and one or more glass frits dispersed in an organic medium. The thick film composition is formed on one or more insulating films e.g. silicon nitride film (30). The organic medium of the thick film composition is removed upon firing.    USE - Silicon semiconductor device e.g. solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - Improves electrical performance of silicon semiconductor device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the process flow diagram of fabrication of semiconductor device.    P-type silicon substrate (10)    N-type diffusion layer (20)    Silicon nitride film (30)    Back side silver paste (70)    Front electrode silver paste (500)
NOVELTY - A structure contains a thick film composition containing an electroconductive silver powder, a glass frits, a magnesium-containing additive and an organic medium, and has a substrate. The glass frits are lead-free. The organic medium is removed and the glass frit and silver powder are sintered by firing.    USE - Structure is used for manufacturing semiconductor device such as solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The structure provides solar cell having excellent electrical efficiency, adhesiveness, moisture resistance and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A structure contains a thick film composition containing an electroconductive silver powder, a glass frits, a magnesium-containing additive and an organic medium, and has a substrate. The glass frits are lead-free. The organic medium is removed and the glass frit and silver powder are sintered by firing. The magnesium-containing additive is magnesium oxide. The thick film composition further contains additive such as metal chosen from zinc, gadolinium, cerium, zirconium, titanium, manganese, tin, ruthenium, cobalt, iron, copper and chromium, metal oxide such as oxides of zinc, gadolinium, cerium, zirconium, titanium, manganese, tin, ruthenium, cobalt, iron, copper and chromium, and compound which generates metal oxide by firing. The glass frit comprises bismuth oxide, silica, phosphorus pentoxide, germanium oxide or vanadium pentoxide. The insulting film comprises titanium oxide, silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxide/titanium oxide, or silicon nitride-hydrate (SiNx:H). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thick film composition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the explanatory view of the fabrication of semiconductor device.    Silicon nitride film (30)    Aluminum paste formed on back side (60)    Silver formed on back side (70)    Silver back electrode (71)    Silver paste formed on front side (500)
NOVELTY - A structure comprises a thick film composition (C1) containing an electrically conductive silver powder, at least one glass frit, Magnesium (Mg)-containing additive selected from Mg, metal oxides of Mg, and/or any compound that can generate metal oxides of Mg upon firing, dispersed in an organic medium; and at least one substrate; where upon firing, the organic medium is removed and the glass frit and silver powder are sintered.    USE - As semiconductor device i.e. solar cell (claimed); in manufacturing of photovoltaic device.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has good cell performance. The thick film silver paste composition containing zinc oxide attains superior electrical performance and achieves excellent electrical contact to Si-solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for following:    (1) manufacturing a semiconductor device involving providing at least one semiconductor substrate, at least one insulating film, and a thick film composition (C1); applying the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate; applying composition (C1) on the insulating film on the semiconductor substrate; and firing the semiconductor, insulating film and thick film composition, where upon firing, the organic vehicle is removed, and the silver and glass frits are sintered; and    (2) thick film composition (C1).
NOVELTY - Solar cell fabrication comprises depositing first silicon having layer on substrate in processing chamber while operating with first vacuum pump, first gas source, and first radio frequency (RF) power source; and depositing second silicon having layer over first silicon containing layer in processing chamber while operating with first vacuum pump, first gas source, first RF power source, second vacuum pump, second gas source, and second RF power source.    USE - Method for solar cell fabrication for supplementing vacuum capabilities, gas introduction, and radio frequency (RF) current processing chamber.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides supplemental sources that can be diverted to other chambers when not needed, the sources dedicated to each processing chamber may be smaller and hence, at low cost, because the sources dedicated to each processing chamber may be chosen to minimize unneeded resources and thus, optimize efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a solar cell fabrication apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-section view of the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition chamber having deposited film(s) of solar cell.    Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (300)    Walls (302)    Bottom (304)    Showerhead (310)    Substrate support (330)
NOVELTY - The printable dielectric coating material system useful in a silicon substrate for making a solar cell or a photovoltaic cell, comprises phosphorus, a metal (0.2-5 wt.%) consisting of titanium, tantalum or niobium, and a solvent, a vehicle, a dispersant, a diffusant or a wetting agent. The material system is devoid of barium. The metal is provided in the form of an organo-metallic compound and/or an oxide of the metal. The phosphorus is provided in the form of a liquid solution or dispersion, and is provided as an ethoxylated phosphate ester of an alkoxylated alcohol and/or phenol.    USE - The printable dielectric coating material system is useful on a silicon substrate for making a solar cell or a back-contacted photovoltaic cell (all claimed), which is useful for building-integrated photovoltaic systems and photovoltaic sunroofs for automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The printable dielectric coating material system is capable of effectively and economically making the solar cell with uniform appearance and higher conversion efficiency due to reduced or eliminated contact obscuration losses.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a solar cell comprising an n-conductive trace and a p-conductive trace disposed on the same side of a silicon substrate;    (2) a method of making a dielectric composition for use in a solar cell;    (3) a method of making a solar cell; and    (4) a method for making a back-contacted photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a three-dimensional and a partial cut-away view of a portion of a solar cell or a photovoltaic cell.    Photovoltaic cell (100)    First passivation layer (150)    Second passivation layer (250)    First electrical contact (300)    Second electrical contact. (450)
NOVELTY - The device has an infrared laser diode or LED illuminating infrared light. Grooves are introduced into a molybdenum layer. Deposition of a copper-indium-diselenide (CIS) layer takes place. A parallel structuring takes place after deposition of a zinc oxide layer. The grooves are used as reference, in which a CIS thin-film solar cell is irradiated with the light via a glass substrate. A reference is created for controlling structuring steps, independent of a curvature of a track or a curvature of the substrate and largely independent of vibrations and thermal fluctuations at an equipment.    USE - Device for structuring a copper-indium-diselenide (CIS) thin-film solar cell applied on a glass substrate.    ADVANTAGE - The design configuration of the device requires only a rough adjustment of disks, before each structuring step. The device is tolerant against mechanical and thermal fluctuations. The device prevents bulge or unevenness of the glass substrate from affecting the parallelism of the grooves. The device prevents the need of safety distances in order to avoid overlapping of the grooves, thus providing the solar cell with better efficiency. The device permits multiple cutting heads on the solar cell to reduce cycle time for structuring, by a parallel operation.
NOVELTY - A catalyst contains rhodium porphyrin as active ingredient.    USE - Catalyst for chemical oxidation of carbon monoxide used in a removal apparatus of carbon monoxide in anode gas of fuel cells by oxidation (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has sufficient selectivity in oxidizing carbon monoxide gas and exhibits a stable performance for a long time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A catalyst contains rhodium porphyrin of formula (1) as active ingredient.    R2, R3, R5, R6, R8, R9, R11, R12= alkyl, H or halo; and    R1, R4, R7, R10=Ph, H or optionally substituted alkyl.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) chemical oxidation of carbon monoxide involving contacting a mixed gas consists of carbon monoxide and oxygen with catalyst; and    (2) removal apparatus of carbon monoxide in fuel cell anode gas by oxidation comprising a reactor filled with catalyst.
NOVELTY - Silica is reduced by using metal-like aluminum and/or metal-like magnesium as reducing agent, to obtain silicon. Simultaneously, boron and/or phosphorus are reacted with calcium compound, to remove boron and/or phosphorus in silica. The amount of calcium compound is 1-1.5 times the generated theoretical molar quantity of calcium compound and boron and/or phosphorus.    USE - Manufacture of silicon used as raw material of polycrystalline for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, economical and efficiently provides silicon with high purity and recued energy consumption.
NOVELTY - A curable composition contains polyvinyl acetal compound (A) having ethylenic double bond, and compound (B) having (meth)acryloyl group and heterocyclic structure containing oxygen in a molecule.    USE - Curable composition is used for forming cured material and adhesive agent (both claimed) used for compact disk, digital versatile disk, optical component, solar cell component and optical recording medium such as image display apparatus for e.g. flat panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The cured material of curable composition has excellent transparency, light resistance, water resistance, and high base-material adhesiveness at room temperature and high-temperature.
NOVELTY - A hot-melt composition containing styrene-based block copolymer, butyl rubber, tackifying resin, liquid resin and wax as essential components, is applied to an adherend, cooled, re-heated and adhered, to form a component having seal structure.    USE - Manufacture of components such as solar cell panel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides component such as solar cell panel with high productivity. The panel is hardly damaged with respect to change in temperature and load.
NOVELTY - The body (10) has a porous layer (2) formed on a heat-resistant substrate (1) and provided with a metal oxide semiconductor fine particle. An electrode layer (3) is formed on the porous layer by a spray thermal decomposition method and provided with metal oxides. A surface of the body is coated with an insulating material. An adhesive layer containing adhesive resin is formed between base materials, and counter electrode base materials are equipped with another electrode layer. An electrolyte layer is formed between the counter electrode base materials.    USE - Laminated body for an oxide semiconductor electrode of a dye-sensitized solar cell (all claimed). Uses include but are not limited to a single crystal silicon solar cell, a polycrystalline-silicon solar cell, an amorphous-silicon solar cell and a compound semiconductor solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The body is small in size, and requires low manufacturing cost. The body can form the electrode layer that is provided with metal oxides by the spray thermal decomposition method on the porous layer equipped with the metal oxide semiconductor fine particle, thus preventing the body from impairing the semiconducting properties of the porous layer, and hence providing effective and better semiconducting properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an oxide semiconductor electrode    (2) a method for manufacturing a laminated body for oxide semiconductor electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a laminated body.    Heat-resistant substrate (1)    Porous layer (2)    Electrode layer (3)    Oxide semiconductor electrode laminated body (10)
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring the resistance values (R0,R1) by alternating current anodizing process and direct current anodizing process respectively. The adhesive quality of interface of the electrolytic membrane and catalyst layer is determined based on the determined resistance values.    USE - Elevation method of membrane electrode assembly for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive quality of interface of the electrolytic membrane and catalyst layer is determined easily.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for elevation apparatus of membrane electrode assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph illustrating relation between the resistance and electric current. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell apparatus (1) comprises fuel cell system which has electric power generation cell (8) that produces electric power according to electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen, air pump (12) that takes in and supplies external air to fuel cell system, catalyst carried in fuel cell system to accelerate electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen, gas sensor (13) that detects concentration of catalyst poisoning component in external air, and control part (33) that controls operation of air pump according to gas sensor signal.    USE - Fuel cell apparatus for electronic device (claimed) e.g. notebook type personal computer, personal digital assistant, electronic notebook, digital camera, mobile phone, wristwatch or game machine device.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus prevents complete discharge of secondary battery while preventing fall of catalyst activity, and reduces maintenance frequency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell apparatus (1) comprises fuel cell system which has electric power generation cell (8) that produces electric power according to electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen, air pump (12) that takes in and supplies external air to fuel cell system, catalyst carried in fuel cell system to accelerate electrochemical reaction of fuel and oxygen, gas sensor (13) that detects concentration of catalyst poisoning component in external air, and control part (33) that controls operation of air pump according to gas sensor signal. The control part stops air pump when gas sensor detects that concentration of poisoning component is more than a predetermined setting concentration. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the electronic device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell apparatus (1)    Electric power generation cell (8)    Air pump (12)    Gas sensor (13)    Control part (33)
NOVELTY - The water replenishment apparatus has supplementary water valves (8,32) arranged in a supplementary water piping (9), at upstream and downstream of an ion exchange resin pipe (7), respectively. A control apparatus (70) performs opening and closing control of supplementary water valve, according to the water quantity signal, such that water flows into ion exchange resin pipe filled with moistened ion exchange resin.    USE - Water replenishment apparatus for fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The supply of contaminants such alga and bacteria produced in water retained in ion exchange resin pipe, to the water supply tank can be prevented, and the fuel cell power generating device can be driven safely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of fuel cell power generating device.    Water tank (1)    Ion exchange resin pipe (7)    Supplementary water valves (8,32)    Supplementary water piping (9)    Control apparatus (70)
NOVELTY - A patterning method of dielectric material membrane involves forming first dielectric material membrane (102) on silicon substrate (101), forming second dielectric material membrane (103) on first dielectric material membrane, partially exposing first dielectric material membrane by etching second dielectric material membrane partially using etching paste (104), and etching exposed first dielectric material membrane using etching liquid containing hydrofluoric acid.    USE - A patterning method of dielectric material for semiconductor such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, and can make pattern even without printing etching paste on same area again. The residue derived from etching paste can be reduced or remove completely.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the patterning method of dielectric material membrane.    Silicon substrate (101)    First dielectric material membrane (102)    Second dielectric material membrane (103)    Etching paste (104)    Residue (105)
NOVELTY - The solar cell module has several solar cell elements that are electrically connected by tab wiring (30). An adhesive layer (22) is made of resin containing several rod-shaped electrically conductive materials (26), for connecting a collector electrode (12) and tab wiring.    USE - Solar cell module for use as power supply in building.    ADVANTAGE - Effectively suppresses the occurrence of crack in solar cell elements by providing adhesive layer, thus improving performance of the solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell element of the solar cell module.    Photo-electric conversion layer (10)    Collector electrode (12)    Adhesive layer (22)    Rod-shaped electrically conductive materials (26)    Tab wiring (30)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor comprises semiconductor surface which is adsorbed in organic compound.    USE - Semiconductor e.g. metal oxide or metal sulfide semiconductor for photoelectric transducer used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor has high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and the photoelectric transducer is excellent in durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor comprises semiconductor surface which is adsorbed in organic compound of formula (1).    R1=H or electron-donating group;    R2=substituent;    R3-R5=H or substituent;    X,Y=O, S or NR;    R=R3;    Ar1,Ar2=aromatic hydrocarbon or aromatic heterocyclic group;    n=0-3; and    Cp=atom group for absorbing power to visible region or near-infrared region and has adsorption group on surface(s) of semiconductor as substituent.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) photoelectric transducer; and    (2) solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a fragmentary sectional view of the photoelectric transducer.    Electroconductive support body (1)    Photosensitive layer (2)    Charge transferring layer (3)    Counter electrode (4)
NOVELTY - A hot-melt composition containing hydrogenated paraffin-type process oil (a), high-molecular-weight styrene-type block copolymer (b), polyphenylene-ether resin or modified polyphenylene ether resin (c), tackifying resin (d) and antioxidant (e) is coated on metal frame and sealed with glass to obtain solar cell panel.    USE - Manufacture of solar cell panel.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell panel is easily dissected after use, and has favorable cooling-heat cycle characteristics.
NOVELTY - A solar-energy utilization apparatus carries out forming film on surface of light-incidence side transparent base material using a primary film compound having primary functional group, and forming a secondary film on at least one portion of water-repellent transparent microparticles (12) surface using secondary film compound having secondary functional group. The primary and secondary functional groups are coupled with coupling agent having primary coupling reaction group by coupling reaction to form a coupling.    USE - Solar-energy utilization apparatus such as solar cell and solar water heater.    ADVANTAGE - The solar-energy utilization apparatus has excellent durability, abrasion resistance, weather resistance, wear resistance, water-droplet water-separating property, strain resistance and light transmittance, and is economically manufactured using simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the solar-energy utilization apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Solar cell (10)    Epoxidized glass board material (11)    Water-repellent microparticles (12)    Water-repellent monolayer (13)    Glass board material (21)
NOVELTY - The cell (100) has an electrolyte (40) located between lower and upper substrates (10, 50), where upper surface of the lower substrate adjacent to a semiconductor electrode layer defines a recess (15) that increases a contact area between the semiconductor electrode layer and the lower substrate. The lower substrate is made of metal, metal alloy, glass coated with a conductive layer and a polymer film coated with the conductive layer. A blocking layer (60) made of oxide semiconductor materials is provided between the lower substrate and the semiconductor electrode layer.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell for converting light energy radiated from sun into an electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The cell enables the blocking layer to be disposed between the lower substrate and the semiconductor electrode layer for preventing the lower substrate from being in contact with the electrolyte, so that the number of electrons directly injected from the lower substrate into the electrolyte is reduced, thus preventing recombination of electrons and holes, hence increasing the energy conversion efficiency. The cell is formed of an inexpensive material, and manufactured by a simple fabrication process, thus reducing the fabrication cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for fabricating a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Lower substrate (10)    Recess (15)    Electrolyte (40)    Upper substrate (50)    Blocking layer (60)    Dye-sensitized solar cell (100)
NOVELTY - A p-i-n junction having intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer formed over P-type microcrystalline silicon layer, is formed on a p-i-n junction that is formed on substrate. The primary and secondary regions of the intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer are formed (230,240) at lower and higher deposition rates respectively and tertiary region is formed (250) at deposition rate lower than the higher deposition rate. An N-type silicon layer is formed over the intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer.    USE - Method of forming thin film multi-junction solar cell over substrate.    ADVANTAGE - Since regions of intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer at different deposition rates, the manufacturing throughput is improved and production cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flowchart explaining process of forming intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer during formation of thin film multi-junction solar cell over substrate.    Step of positioning substrate in reaction zone (210)    Step of supplying gas mixture comprising silicon containing gas and hydrogen gas to reaction zone (220)    Step of forming primary region of intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer (230)    Step of forming secondary region of intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer (240)    Step of forming tertiary region of intrinsic type microcrystalline silicon layer (250)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell (200) has a power supply information output terminal that outputs power generation state and/or coupling information of the fuel cell. A water level sensor (225) attached to a fuel tank (220) measures the remaining amount of fuel in the tank. A power supply information processing unit (240) applies a voltage level corresponding to the remaining amount of fuel, to the power supply information output terminal or temperature information output terminal.    USE - Fuel cell e.g. direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) for information device (claimed) such as notebook personal computer (PC). Can also be used in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) used in portable media player (PMP) or digital multimedia broadcasting (DMB) player, wireless portable internet terminal.    ADVANTAGE - Power generation state and coupling information of fuel cell are transferred to external information device. Thus user is alerted about the state of fuel cell, so as to take proper measures, by simple structure at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) information device; and    (2) method of providing information of fuel cell to portable information device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of fuel cell.    Fuel cell (200)    Output terminal (210)    Fuel tank (220)    Water level sensor (225)    Power supply information processing unit (240)
NOVELTY - The subassembly has an euphotic layer (1) i.e. glass, and electrode leads (3) and a protection layer (4) fixed to a back electrode surface of a solar battery layer (2). The protection layer is made of insulating inorganic material. The material of the protection layer is selected from silicon nitride, silicon dioxide, or alumina, where thickness of the protection layer is 10 nanometer to 50 micrometer.    USE - Photovoltaic subassembly for a cement building member (claimed) that is utilized in an external wall of a building.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic building integrated structure can be obtained through embedding multiple photovoltaic subassemblies into cement wall and connecting the subassemblies in parallel and series through the electrode leads. The package cost of the solar battery can be reduced through substituting material with the back plate, and production efficiency can be improved. The solar battery can be effectively protected when the subassembly is utilized as wall structure. The subassembly has energy saving and environment protection functions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a cement building member    (2) a production process of a photovoltaic subassembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a photovoltaic subassembly.    Euphotic layer (1)    Solar battery layer (2)    Electrode leads (3)    Protection layer (4)
NOVELTY - The method involves starting a fuel cell system (1) for guiding a fuel through an anodic region (4) of a fuel cell (2) i.e. polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell, in a starting-up phase, where the anodic region is proportionately filled with air. An anodic gas mixture in a recirculation device (9) of the fuel cell system is proportionately guided into the anodic region. The amount of fuel is temporarily varied during the starting-up phase, where the amount of fuel is guided from a fuel storage (6) to the anodic region.    USE - Method for operating a fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The anodic gas mixture in the recirculation device of the fuel cell system is proportionately guided into the anodic region, so that a significant reduction of fuel oxidizing agent gradients in the gas cell can be achieved by increasing the hydrogen concentration during mixing of the anodic gas mixture, thus preventing unwanted high hydrogen oxygen gradient formation in the anode region, and reducing the damage of the fuel cell due to the fuel oxidizing agent gradients.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of partial components of a fuel cell system.    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Anodic region (4)    Fuel storage (6)    Recirculation device (9)    Blower (12)
NOVELTY - A high molecular compound has an alkyl group-containing repeating unit (1), and an aromatic hydrocarbon ring-containing repeating unit (2) and/or aromatic ring-containing repeating unit (3).    USE - High molecular compound is used for composition for forming layer of polymeric luminescent element for display device, and for liquid composition for forming thin film used in organic transistor and solar cell (all claimed). The thin film includes luminescent thin film, conductive thin film and organic-semiconductor thin film. The display device includes computer, television, portable terminal, mobile telephone, car navigation and video camera.    ADVANTAGE - The high molecular compound provides polymeric luminescent element having high luminous efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A high molecular compound has an alkyl group-containing repeating unit of formula (1), and an aromatic hydrocarbon ring-containing repeating unit of formula (2) and/or aromatic ring-containing repeating unit of formula (3).    R3=alkyl;    a,b=0-3;    Z=O or S;    ring A,ring B'=optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon ring;    ring C',ring D=optionally substituted aromatic ring;    X=-O-, -S-, -S(=O)-, -S(=O)2-, -Si(R4)2-Si(R4)2, -Si(R4)2-, -B(R4)-, -P(R4)-, -P(=O)(R4)-, -O-C(R4)2-, or -N=C(R4)-;and    R1,R2,Rw,Rx,R4=alkyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, aryl, aryloxy, arylthio, aralkyl, arylalkoxy, arylalkylthio, arylalkenyl, arylalkynyl, amino, substituted amino, silyl, substituted silyl, halogen, acyl, acyloxy, imine, amide, acid imide, monovalent heterocyclic group, carboxyl, substituted carboxyl, cyano or nitro.    At least one of ring A and ring B'is aromatic hydrocarbon ring in which benzene rings are condensed.
NOVELTY - A solar module (100) comprises active layer including a set of photovoltaic cells (104), and spectral concentrator (114) optically coupled to the active layer and including a luminescent material that exhibits photoluminescence in response to incident solar radiation. The photoluminescence has quantum efficiency of greater than or equal to 30%, spectral width of less than or equal to 100 nm at Full Width at Half Maximum, and peak emission wavelength in the near infrared range.    USE - A solar module.    ADVANTAGE - The module has enhanced efficiencies with respect to conversion of incident solar radiation to useful electrical energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic view of the solar module.    Solar module (100)    Photovoltaic cells (104)    Substrate layer (110)    Coating (112)    Spectral concentrator (114)
NOVELTY - A curable composition contains oligomer mixture containing cage form silsesquioxane structure (1) and/or partial chelate structure of silsesquioxane, compound (b) having at least two silicon hydride group in a molecule, compound (c) having at least two carbon-carbon double bond, and hydrosilylation catalyst.    USE - Curable composition is used for manufacturing silsesquioxane cured material for light emitting element and semiconductor sealing agent used in optical film, optical sheet and transparent substrate for display element circuits (all claimed), organic electroluminescent, electronic paper, color filter, solar cell, touch panel and glass panel.    ADVANTAGE - The curable composition provides material having excellent transparency, heat resistance, moldability, dimensional stability and mechanical strength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A curable composition contains oligomer mixture containing cage form silsesquioxane structure of formula: (RSiO1.5)a(RSiO2H)b, and/or partial chelate structure of silsesquioxane (50 mol% or more), compound (b) having at least two silicon hydride group in a molecule, compound (c) having at least two carbon-carbon double bond, and hydrosilylation catalyst.    R=H, 1-6C alkoxy or aryloxy, 1-20C hydrocarbon, 1-20C oxygen-containing functionalized hydrocarbon, 1-20C nitrogen-containing functional group carbonized hydrogen group, 1-20C halo-functional group carbonized hydrogen group, or silicon-containing group having 1-10 silicon atom, at least two substituent has carbon-carbon double bond;    a=4-12;    b=1-3;and    a+b=7-14.
NOVELTY - An one-component ultraviolet-ray absorptive polymer composition contains (in mass%) ultraviolet-ray absorptive polymer formed using ultraviolet-ray absorptive monomer (a) (20-50), hydrophilic monomer (b) (30-70) and monomer (c) (0-50) other than monomers (a and b). The monomer (b) is chosen from acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, 2-hydroxyethylacrylate, 2-hydroxyethylmethacrylate, 2-hydroxypropylacrylate, and 2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate.    USE - One-component ultraviolet-ray absorptive polymer composition is used for forming ultraviolet-ray absorption layer of ultraviolet-ray absorptive laminated material (claimed) for solar cells, solid polymer electrolytes, and packaging of foodstuffs and chemicals. Can also be used for ultraviolet-ray absorptive insulation film, polarizing plate protective film, anti-reflective film, light-diffusion film, glass scattering prevention film and decorative sheet.    ADVANTAGE - The one-component ultraviolet-ray absorptive polymer composition provides ultraviolet-ray absorption layer of laminated material having excellent plasticizer resistance, fingerprint-proof property and blocking resistance.
NOVELTY - The method involves grooving a back electrode with a passivation layer (4) made of insulation material. An adhesive layer (5) is laminated at a back part of the passivation layer. The passivation layer is coated by aluminum sesquioxide or silicon dioxide by a magnetron through plasma vapor deposition process at reaction temperature of 200-500 degrees centigrade. The passivation layer is coated with polyamide acid to form a membrane and heated to convert the polyamide acid into polyimide. The adhesive layer is selected from ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer or UV cure adhesive.    USE - Method for passivating and packaging a back electrode of a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method allows packaging a solar cell in effective manner, thus isolating and protecting amorphous silicon of the solar cell, eliminating exogenous impurities and providing great mechanical properties to the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar cell back electrode.    Passivation layer (4)    Adhesive layer (5)
NOVELTY - A plant-type biomass and binder containing saccharide are mixed, and carbonization process of resultant mixture is carried out to obtain charcoal processed material. An activation treatment process of charcoal processed material is carried out to obtain molded activation treatment material having specific surface area of 600 m2/g or more, and adsorption agent is obtained. The molded activation treatment material is activated carbon.    USE - Manufacture of adsorption agent used for removing trace component such as sulfur compound and/or polyaromatic compound in hydrocarbon oil such as kerosene or diesel oil for fuel cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adsorption agent is efficiently manufactured.
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic compound (A) 2,2-bis(acryloyloxymethyl)propionic acid alkyl sulfonate ester is new.    USE - Hydrophilic compound for hydrophilic film (claimed), molding, fiber or laminated body used as wheel for vehicles e.g. vessel or aircraft; garment material e.g. clothes or cloth; building material e.g. outer walls, packing, inner wall, floor, window, piping, wiring or sound insulating board; interior equipment e.g. mirror, furniture, furniture, bathroom material, kitchen material, ventilating fan; container material e.g. cosmetic container; electrical appliance, electrical component, optical film, optical articles, optical disk, spectacles, contact lens, goggles, flat panel, glass substrate of touch panel display, display material, solar cell, transparent sheet protector film, cooling fins, illumination article, lamp, light, illumination unit, heat exchanger, reflective film or reflecting plate.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrophilic 3-D cross linked polymer has favorable transparency, excellent in fog prevention, stain resistant, has antistatic property, quick-drying and has excellent drip-proof property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrophilic compound (A) 2,2-bis(acryloyloxymethyl)propionic acid alkyl sulfonate ester of formula R1-C(=CH)-C(=O)-O-CH-C(R3)(C(=O)-O-(CH)nSO3M)-CH2-O-C(=O)-C(=CH)-R2 (1) is new.    R1, R2=H or Me;    R3=H or 1-6C alkyl;    M=H or alkali metal; and    n=1-10.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for polymer obtained by polymerizing hydrophilic compound.
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell has aromatic polyamide porous membrane as separator (4) whose liquid-permeable speed rate along surface direction is 0.1 mm/minute-100 mm/minute.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has excellent electric power generation performance, photoelectric conversion efficiency, maintains isolation property of anode and cathode and prevents short circuit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Base material (1)    Anode transparent conductive film (2)    Metal oxide semiconductor layer (3)    Separator (4)    Electrolyte solution (5)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic module for solar cell, comprises a laminate with transparent front cover, photosensitive semiconductor layers, plasticizer containing foil and a rear cover. The foil has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 20 degrees C and comprises maximum 26 wt.% of plasticizer content, less than 50 ppm of metal ion and 0.001-5 wt.% of silicon dioxide. Components are used as plasticizer.    USE - Photovoltaic module for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic module can be manufactured with high specific resistance, has good power output and ensures to protect against external influences.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photovoltaic module for solar cell, comprises a laminate with transparent front cover, photosensitive semiconductor layers, plasticizer containing foil and a rear cover. The foil has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 20 degrees C and comprises maximum 26 wt.% of plasticizer content, less than 50 ppm of metal ion and 0.001-5 wt.% of silicon dioxide. Components are used as plasticizer. The polarity of the components expressed by 100x O/(C+H) is smaller/equal to 9.4, where O, C and H are the amount of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen atom in respective molecule.
NOVELTY - The device has multiple nano/micron particles formed on surfaces of a chip i.e. solar cell, to form a reflection resistant layer, where the chip comprises an N-layer and a P-layer. Upper and lower surfaces of the chip are respectively provided with an upper electrode and a lower electrode. A waterproof material layer e.g. polymer material layer, is utilized for sealing the chip and the nano/micron particles formed on the surface of the chip. Material of the nano/micron particles is silicon oxide, polystyrene and polymethyl methacrylate.    USE - Solar cell device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing the solar cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a solar cell device.
NOVELTY - The solar battery has a fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass and a counter electrode that are provided at both sides respectively. A mesoporous titanium dioxide film and an electrolytic solution dipped with organic dye are sandwiched between FTO conductive glass and the conductive material in the middle of the battery.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method of the solar battery is simplified and the optical property of the solar battery can be improved at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of solar battery.
NOVELTY - The structure (210) has several rod shaped semiconductor structures of preset length which are projected from a silicon substrate, and are spaced apart by a preset distance. The semiconductor structures are constrained in the binding material layer such that the binding material layer (220) maintains the orientation of the semiconductor substrates.    USE - Polymer-embedded semiconductor rod array structure for solar cell and electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The rod-shaped semiconductor substrates can be removed easily and the substrate can be reused based on forming the binding material layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for fabricating semiconductor structures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of polymer-embedded semiconductor rod array structure.    Polymer-embedded semiconductor rod array structure (210)    Binding material layer (220)
NOVELTY - The electrochemical plating cell (400) has an electrode (420) that is in electrical communication with a power supply (450). A flexible substrate assembly comprises feed and discharge rollers (461,462) that retains a portion of a flexible substrate, and the actuators connected to the rollers positions the metallized surfaces (306) of the flexible substrate in a desired position proximate to the electrode. The thrust plate (414) is adapted to urge the metallized surfaces of the substrate against the electrical contacts (412) formed on a masking plate (410).    USE - Electrochemical plating cell for forming metal layer on solar cell substrate of solar cell used in computer, smart card, curved building surfaces, clothing, retractable satellite solar arrays, portable electronic devices and cell phones.    ADVANTAGE - The need to perform high temperature screen printing processes for forming metal layers on the solar cell substrate is avoided, thus manufacturing flexible solar cell at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method for forming metal layer on flexible solar cell substrate; and    (2) solar cell array formation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the electrochemical plating cell.    Metallized surface of flexible substrate (306)    Electrochemical plating cell (400)    Masking plate (410)    Electrical contacts (412)    Thrust plate (414)    Electrode (420)    Power supply (450)    Feed and discharge rollers (461,462)
NOVELTY - The vaporizer (4) has a droplet discharge head (30) positioned between upstream portion (25) and downstream portion (26) of tubular housing (20), and an absorption sheet (70) positioned opposing the droplet discharge head. The droplet discharge head has several ejection openings (33) for discharging liquid as droplet towards the absorption sheet, and absorption sheet absorbs droplet. A heater (80) heats the absorption sheet. The heated absorption sheet vaporizes the absorbed droplet and emits vapor towards downstream side of housing.    USE - Vaporizer for fuel cell of electric power generation apparatus (claimed) used in fuel cell electric vehicle, mobile phone, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), electronic notebook, wristwatch, digital still camera, digital camcorder, and game machine.    ADVANTAGE - Since the droplet is absorbed by the absorption sheet, bumping and nucleate boiling does not occur easily, and liquid vaporizes stably in the absorption sheet, thus preventing ejection of unvaporized liquid to downstream side.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) vaporizer drive control method; and    (2) electric power generating apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the vaporizer.    Vaporizer (4)    Tubular housing (20)    Upstream portion (25)    Downstream portion (26)    Droplet discharge head (30)    Ejection opening (33)    Absorption sheet (70)    Heater (80)
NOVELTY - A silica and carbon source are subjected to self-combustion reductive reaction using metal-like aluminum and/or metal-like magnesium as reducing agent, to obtain metal-like silicon. The heat produced by the reductive reaction is utilized. The silica has purity of 90 weight% or more and average particle diameter of 100 mu m or less. The average particle diameter of aluminum and magnesium is 500-1000 mu m. The average particle diameter of carbon source is 100 mu m.    USE - Manufacture of metal-like silicon used as raw material for fine ceramics, wafer for solar cell and manufacture of steel, and used in deoxidizer and refractory component.    ADVANTAGE - The method is economical and efficiently provides metal-like silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the reaction container. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Heat insulation container (1)    Mixtures (A,B)
NOVELTY - The workpiece (6) has several blades (7) so as to form a corrugated portion (3) on sheeting (1). The distance between the blades is 0.5-5.0 mm or 1-3 mm. The length of the blade is more than the height of convex portion (4) in the corrugated portion.    USE - Linear workpiece for use in manufacture of sheeting used to produce silicon sheet of solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Favorable silicon sheet can be manufactured at low cost so that solar cell having favorable characteristic can be manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) sheeting manufacturing method which involves forming corrugated portions. Several convex portions are formed at equal intervals. The corrugated portion is formed by cutting sheet at an angle of 60 degrees or 90?0; and    (2) sheeting used for manufacturing silicon sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic perspective view of the linear workpiece and sheeting, and front view of the sheeting.    Sheeting (1)    Corrugated portion (3)    Convex portion (4)    Workpiece (6)    Blades (7)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (20) has ground electrode frame (33) and metal support frame (31) whose dimension of board conveyance direction is set, so as to match the dimension of board conveyance direction of high frequency electrode (30) and ground electrode (34). The ground electrode frame is fixed to the metal support frame by a fixing tool (45) in the state in which the edge of high frequency electrode is piled to the ground electrode frame.    USE - Apparatus for forming thin film photoelectric transducer used in solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The effective film formation area in the substrate is increased without enlarging the apparatus, while reducing the area which is not used during film formation.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of thin film production apparatus.    Thin film production apparatus (20)    High frequency electrode (30)    Metal support frame (31)    Ground electrode frame (33)    Ground electrode (34)    Fixing tool (45)
NOVELTY - A low gas-permeable hose (10) has lamination of a rubber layer, a reinforcement layer (18) formed by braiding a reinforcement wire, and a barrier layer (14) of low permeability with respect to gas of internal fluid. The barrier layer is formed by winding a resin film of polyvinyl alcohol around circumference of hose axial center. The resin film has saponification degree of 90% or more.    USE - Low gas-permeable hose is used for transporting coolant in air-conditioner and fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The low gas-permeable hose is economically manufactured. The polyvinyl alcohol resin film as barrier layer having uniform film thickness is formed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of low gas-permeable hose. The polyvinyl alcohol resin film is wound around circumference of hose axial center, and barrier layer is formed. Integral joining of overlapping portion of resin film is carried out by self-welding, which is carried out by spraying solvent capable of dissolving the resin.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the structure of low gas-permeable hose.    Hose (10)    Inner surface layer (12)    Barrier layer (14)    Inner rubber layer (16)    Reinforcement layer (18)    Outer rubber layer (20)
NOVELTY - A control circuit performs supply of water from water supply machine (7) to a container (4), when the temperature of a heat insulation container (3) detected by a temperature detection sensor (11) exceeds predetermined value. Heat conduction is performed from heat insulation container to the container (4) accommodating heat absorbing agent (5), when heat insulation container is heated more than predetermined temperature.    USE - Heat insulation apparatus for fuel cell system (claimed) used in fuel cell electric vehicle, electrification residence. Can also be used in portable electronic device such as mobile phone and notebook computer.    ADVANTAGE - The time of overheat state of the heat insulation container is shortened.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell system; and    (2) heat insulation container cooling method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of heat insulation apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Heat insulation container (3)    Container (4)    Heat absorbing agent (5)    Water supply machine (7)    Temperature detection sensor (11)
NOVELTY - The substrate processing apparatus has a common transfer chamber (220) for transferring the substrate (W) to each substrate processing chamber (230,240,250). The prescribed process is performed to the substrate, while transferring the substrate in upright posture. One of the substrate processing chambers is arranged above or below the common transfer chamber and a substrate passing port for the passage of the substrate is arranged at the boundary section between the processing chamber and the transfer chamber.    USE - Apparatus for processing substrate such as glass substrate e.g. plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PE-CVD) apparatus for use during manufacture of semiconductor, flat panel display and thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The space of the substrate processing apparatus can be saved by the arrangement of the substrate passing port and the processing chamber, while reducing the cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the substrate processing apparatus.    Load portion (100)    Processing unit (200)    Common transfer chamber (220)    Substrate processing chambers (230,240,250)    Substrate (W)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of solar cell comprises arranging solar cell units (1) and electrically insulating units (2) alternately next to each other; applying rear soldering ribbons (3) to rear side of solar cell units and electrically insulating units; applying front soldering ribbons (4) to front side of solar cell units and electrically insulating units; and soldering rear and front soldering ribbons to solar cell units to provide assembled solar cell.    USE - Method for manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell units can be interconnected parallel to supercells and again interconnected in series in such a way that significant amount of silicon solar cells are saved per module and replaced by reflective structure maintaining nearly the same power output compared to conventional module. The module voltage can remain at the same level as conventional modules, because the number of series interconnected supercells is the same as that of interconnected solar cells in conventional module. The electrical measurement of each solar cell unit is not necessary since they are again parallel interconnected as supercell. The production rate for interconnecting machines is not reduced compared to standard modules since supercell are handled in same way as solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a solar cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of an interconnected solar cell units.    Solar cell units (1)    Electrically insulating units (2)    Rear soldering ribbons (3)    Front soldering ribbons (4)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical unit cell has an electroconductive porous component (1), a cathode catalyst layer (2), an anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer (3), an anode catalyst layer (4), and a metal porous component (5) arranged sequentially towards outer side from inner side.    USE - Unit cell of cylindrical solid alkali type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The unit cell has improved sealing performance, high output characteristics, and reduced size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical unit cell has electroconductive porous component, cathode catalyst layer, anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer, anode catalyst layer, and metal porous component arranged sequentially towards outer side from inner side. The metal porous component includes foamed nickel, titanium, and/or silver. The electroconductive porous component has a carbon material as main component. The cell further has intermediate layers containing silver and/or nickel, and electroconductive carbon material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view and sectional view of unit cell of fuel cell.    Electroconductive porous component (1)    Cathode catalyst layer (2)    Anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer (3)    Anode catalyst layer (4)    Metal porous component (5)
NOVELTY - A cylindrical unit cell has a metal porous component (1), an anode catalyst layer (2), an anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer (3), a cathode catalyst layer (4), and an electroconductive porous component (5) arranged sequentially towards outer side from inner side.    USE - Unit cell of cylindrical solid alkali type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The unit cell has improved sealing performance, high output characteristics, and reduced size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cylindrical unit cell has metal porous component, anode catalyst layer, anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer, cathode catalyst layer, and electroconductive porous component arranged sequentially towards outer side from inner side. The metal porous component includes foamed nickel, titanium, and/or silver. The electroconductive porous component has a carbon material as main component. The cell further has intermediate layers containing silver and/or nickel, and electroconductive carbon material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view and sectional view of unit cell of fuel cell.    Metal porous component (1)    Anode catalyst layer (2)    Anion conductive polyelectrolyte layer (3)    Cathode catalyst layer (4)    Electroconductive porous component (5)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric transducer (10) has an electroconductive layer (11) and a working electrode (16) comprised of a transparent insulation layer (13), a transparent conductive layer (14) and a porous semiconductor oxide layer (15), that are formed on the surfaces of a counter electrode (12). An electrolyte layer (17) is formed between the working electrode and the counter electrode. A portion of electrolyte layer, working electrode and counter electrode are covered by a control layer (21) comprised of water absorption material.    USE - Photoelectric transducer e.g. dye-sensitized solar cell like copper-indium-selenium compound solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The penetration of water can be prevented. Hence the waterproofness and the power generation efficiency can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional views of the photoelectric transducer.    Photoelectric transducer (10)    Electroconductive layer (11)    Counter electrode (12)    Transparent insulation layer (13)    Transparent conductive layer (14)    Porous semiconductor oxide layer (15)    Working electrode (16)    Electrolyte layer (17)    Control layer (21)
NOVELTY - A laminated component (10) has heat-resistant substrate (1), porous layer (2) containing metal oxide semiconductor fine particle which is formed on the heat-resistant substrate and contains metal oxide (A), electrode layer (4) which is formed on the porous layer and contains metal oxide (B), and mixed-oxide layer (3) formed between the porous layer and electrode layer and contains metal oxides (A) and (B).    USE - Laminated component is used for manufacture of oxide semiconductor electrodes used in dye-sensitized solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminated component has excellent electroconductivity and adhesiveness with respect to porous layer and electrode layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of laminated component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the laminated component.    Heat-resistant substrate (1)    Porous layer (2)    Mixed-oxide layer (3)    Electrode layer (4)    Laminated component (10)
NOVELTY - A tank-main portion (50) has an accommodation space (64) for accommodating methanol aqueous solution. The bellows (58) expand or contract in preset direction according to the amount of aqueous solution in the tank main portion. A detecting element (70) at the outside of the tank main portion extends towards the inside of the bellows, so that the detecting element is displaced relative to the expansion or contraction of the bellows. A displacement sensor detects the water level of methanol aqueous solution according to the displacement of the detecting element.    USE - Buffer tank used for fuel cell apparatus (claimed) supplying electric current to electronic device such as portable-notebook computer and mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - The water level in the buffer tank can be detected with high-precision, hence supply of the methanol to the buffer tank is controlled.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the main potion of the buffer tank.    Buffer tank (28)    Tank-main portion (50)    Bellows (58)    Accommodation space (64)    Detecting element (70)
NOVELTY - A cathode electrode (35) containing p-type impurity and an anode electrode (31) are arranged in a vacuum chamber. Hydrogen gas is introduced in the vacuum chamber after performing evacuation inside the chamber. The negative voltage is applied between a trigger electrode (37) and cathode electrode to generate trigger discharge and an arc discharge is induced between the anode and cathode electrodes by the trigger discharge. The carbon vapor generated by the arc discharge is deposited at the silicon substrate (21) positioned in the vacuum chamber.    USE - Solar cell manufacturing method.    ADVANTAGE - The electric power generation efficiency of the solar cell is increased. The solar cell can be manufactured at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view explaining the solar cell manufacturing process.    Power supply device (5)    Silicon substrate (21)    Anode electrode (31)    Cathode electrode (35)    Trigger electrode (37)
NOVELTY - The structure (10) has a cathode (20) i.e. air electrode, and an anode (30) i.e. fuel electrode, formed with catalyst layers (22, 32) and gas diffusion layers (24, 34). An electrolytic membrane (12) i.e. surface layer, with large loss coefficient is positioned at a cathode side, and forms a surface in a lamination direction of the structure, where primary-dispersion peak temperature of the membrane is less than operating temperature. Primary-dispersion peak temperature of an electrolytic membrane (14) i.e. inner layer, with small loss coefficient is greater than the operating temperature.    USE - Electrolyte structure for an electrochemical cell and a fuel cell (all claimed). Can also be used for a lithium ion battery and a dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The structure can be used in different electrochemical cells and fuel cells, and can form an electrode and favorable joining state in an effective manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an electrolyte structure.    Electrolyte structure (10)    Electrolytic membranes (12, 14)    Cathode (20)    Anode (30)    Catalyst layers (22, 32)    Gas diffusion layers (24, 34)
NOVELTY - The system comprises condensers (41-44) that condense the water vapor in the anode gas and combustion exhaust gas from a fuel cell (10). A condensed water tank (51) collects the condensed water from the condensers. The condensed water stored in the condensed water tank is purified by a pure-water device (54) that is integrated with the ion exchange resin. An intake device (52) inhales the gas by the flow of the condensed water.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The decarboxylation of the condensed water can be increased effectively and lifetime of the ion exchange resin can be lengthened by decarboxylation of the condensed water.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (10)    Condensers (41-44)    Condensed water tank (51)    Intake device (52)    Pure-water device (54)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a reflection barrier layer on a front side of a doped N-type dopant by doping with hydrofluoric acid (HF). An antireflection film coating is doped. A back contact electrode is formed by depositing aluminum (Al) on the back plane of a silicon substrate, and a back plane metal electrode is formed after coating of the antireflection film. A P-plus layer is formed on the back plane metal electrode, and a front side metal electrode is formed by utilizing silver (Ag) after the formation of the back contact electrode.    USE - Method for fabricating tricrystal silicon solar cell for a construction site, electronics and a solar ray power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The method increases the current amount through photogeneration to reduce of reflectance. The method increases the conversion efficiency to 15- 16 percentage so that the related enterprise and the job creation effect obtain the electricity environment-friendly. Purchase potential of the method is increased due to limit of fossil fuel. The cost of the method is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows manufacturing process of a tricrystal silicon solar cell fabricating method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The cell has an active layer formed on a semiconductor layer having high doping concentration gradient, where the semiconductor layer is negative-type semiconductor layers (10, 11) or positive-type semiconductor layer (13). An intrinsic-type semiconductor layer (12) and a positive-type semiconductor layer are formed on an upper part of the cell.    USE - Bulk type silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell has improved stability even though when the quantum efficiency falls down due to rising of the temperature. The cell solves the short wavelength sensitivity, and improves reliability with high quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a bulk type silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a bulk type silicon solar cell.    Negative-type semiconductor layer (10, 11)    Intrinsic-type semiconductor layer (12)    Positive-type semiconductor layer (13)
NOVELTY - The device has mounting members (11a, 11b) for supporting multiple hydrogen tanks (10a-10c), which are provided in a hydrogen tank construction (100). A chassis (200) is placed in the hydrogen tanks. A support plate (30) includes a folding block, in which a central part is folded. A joint pin is inserted in a folding block of the support plate. A folded edge portion is formed in the folding block of the support plate. A fixed bracket is mounted in an upper end of the support plate, and welded in one of the mounting members.    USE - Hydrogen tank protective device for a fuel cell car of a hydrogen tank construction.    ADVANTAGE - The device absorbs the shock energy delivered to the car body and the hydrogen tank, and minimizes the deformation of the hydrogen tank and the car body during collision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a hydrogen tank construction with a hydrogen tank protective device.    Hydrogen tanks (10a-10c)    Mounting members (11a, 11b)    Support plate (30)    Hydrogen tank construction (100)    Chassis (200)
NOVELTY - The safety system has a module package that has multiple modules (1,2,3,4) connected in a series. A switch (SW1) is installed in a circuit (4a) at positive terminal of a package inside module-D, another switch (SW2) is installed in another circuit (1a) at negative terminal of another package inside module-A, third switch (SW3) is installed in third circuit (2a) at positive terminal of the former package inside module-C and fourth switch (SW4) is installed in fourth circuit (3a) at negative terminal of the latter package inside module-D for module selection.    USE - Safety system for fuel module stacks of vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The multiple modules are connected in a series, where a switch is installed in a circuit at positive terminal of a package inside module-D, another switch is installed in another circuit at negative terminal of another package inside module-A, third switch is installed in third circuit at positive terminal of the former package inside module-C and fourth switch is installed in fourth circuit at negative terminal of the latter package inside module-D for module selection, and thus ensures driving the vehicle with the electricity that the module package of the steady-state produces, when the specific module breaks down due to malfunction.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a control method of fuel module stack security system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a vehicle fuel module stack.    Modules (1,2,3,4)    Circuits (1a,2a,3a,4a)    Common distributor (6)    Controller (10)    Switches (SW1,SW2,SW3,SW4)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a counter electrode, which coats platinum in a metal plate and a transparent glass, and attaching a working electrode in a macromolecular film. An electrolyte is injected between a thermoplastic resin and the counter electrode, and between the working electrode and the counter electrode, where the electrolyte is characterized by an iodine-based oxidation-reduction liquid electrolyte solution. A nanocrystalline oxide layer is characterized by a titanium dioxide, and an oxide layer is characterized by tin ash or zinc oxide.    USE - Method for coating nanocrystalline oxide.    ADVANTAGE - The production cost of the solar battery is low, and the thickness of the nano-oxide layer is doubled by utilizing the method, and the method avoids the utilization of the transparent conductive substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of a nanocrystalline oxide coating method.
NOVELTY - A solar cell has photoelectric transformation layers (202,203) containing chalcogenide group compound.    USE - Solar cell such as semiconductor thin film type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is economical and has high efficiency, stability and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell has photoelectric transformation layer containing chalcogenide group compound. The chalcogenide group compound is germanium-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, arsenic-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, arsenic-germanium-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, tin-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, indium-tin-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, silver-indium-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, group 15 element-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, group 16 element-antimony-tellurium-nitrogen compound, group 15 element-antimony-selenium-nitrogen compound and/or group 16 element-antimony-selenium-nitrogen compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows cross-sectional view of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Glass substrate (200)    Transparent conductivity oxide layer (201)    N-type photoelectric transformation layer (202)    P-type photoelectric transformation layer (203)    Metal electrode layer (204)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a carbon nanotube layer (140) on a catalyst metal layer formed on the top of a substrate (100) for increasing the optical absorption rate. The catalyst metal layer is made of copper, nickel, iron or cobalt. The catalyst metal layer is converted into metal particles by etching with ammonia or hydrogen gas. The carbon nanotube layer is formed by acetylene, methane, ethylene, ethane or carbon monoxide.    USE - Method for manufacturing a crystalline silicon solar cell (Claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method involves forming a carbon nanotube layer on a catalyst metal layer formed on the top of a substrate for increasing the optical absorption rate, and thus enables an improved efficiency of the solar cell by reducing the surface reflection ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INEDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a crystalline silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a step for manufacturing a crystalline silicon solar cell.    Substrate (100)    Positive layer (110)    Negative layer (120)    Carbon nanotube layer (140)
NOVELTY - The method involves patterning a back plate (202) made of molybdenum placed in upper side of a substrate (201), and placing a light absorption layer at an upper part of the patterned back plate. A reflection barrier layer and a grid electrode are formed, laminated with window layer, and patterned. A passivation layer is formed and patterned. A metal layer for anode oxidation is formed with aluminum. A protective film made of silicon dioxide is deposited by utilizing the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition method or the evaporation method.    USE - Method for fabricating chip in glass solar cell of watch, radio and toy that are utilized in house.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces the cost of chip in glass solar cell, and improves the constant resistance and optical performance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of a chip in glass solar cell.    Substrate (201)    Back plate (202)
NOVELTY - A tempered glass substrate has compressive-stress layer on a surface, and contains glass composition. The glass composition contains (in mass%) silica (40-75), alumina (10-20), boron oxide (0.01-8), lithium oxide (0-5), sodium oxide (10-20), magnesium oxide (0-10), calcium oxide (0-4), strontium oxide and barium oxide. The total amount of strontium oxide and barium oxide is 0-10 mass%. The mass ratio of sodium oxide and alumina is 0.7-2.    USE - Tempered glass substrate is used as protection material for touch-panel display, cover glass of mobile telephone, solar cell (all claimed), digital camera, solid-state image sensor and tableware, window glass, magnetic disc and flat panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The tempered glass substrate is efficiently and economically manufactured, has excellent mechanical strength, and provides the glass with excellent loss-of-clarity-proof property and ion-exchange performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A tempered glass substrate has compressive-stress layer on a surface, and contains glass composition. The glass composition contains (in mass%) silica (40-75), alumina (10-20), boron oxide (0.01-8), lithium oxide (0-5), sodium oxide (10-20), magnesium oxide (0-10), calcium oxide (0-4), strontium oxide and barium oxide. The total amount of strontium oxide and barium oxide is 0-10 mass%. The mass ratio of sodium oxide and alumina is 0.7-2. The glass composition further contains phosphorus oxide (0-10), titania (0-10), zirconium oxide (0-10) and tin oxide (0.01-6). INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of tempered glass substrate; and    (2) glass.
NOVELTY - Wire-like metal microparticles containing composition contains solvent and wire-like metal microparticles having long axis of 3 mu m or more, short axis of 70 nm or more, and aspect ratio of 20-250. The solvent has boiling point of 180 degrees C or less.    USE - Wire-like metal microparticles containing composition is used for forming electroconductive semi-transparent film (claimed) for electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell, liquid crystal display and organic electroluminescent drive device.    ADVANTAGE - The wire-like metal microparticles containing composition forms thin electroconductive semi-transparent film having high electroconductivity, flexibility, light transmittance, low resistance value and excellent workability such as bending, cutting, melting and punching. The composition is effectively used as a substitute of indium tin oxide.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a minute circuit of a grating pattern at a single-side of glass substrates. Nano-crystalline titanium dioxide is coated on a lower plate. Electrolyte solution is filled between a titanium dioxide layer and an upper plate. A foil-coat is formed on the glass substrates, where the foil-coat is made of metal that is selected from a group consisting of chrome, nickel, copper, iron, lead, cobalt, tin, and carbon.    USE - Method for manufacturing a dye sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the working efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cell, and improves the productivity of the dye-sensitized solar cell. The method forms the conductive electrode and the circuit pattern at the same time, thus decreasing the process time. The method reduces the cost of the dye-sensitized solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart a dye sensitized solar cell manufacturing method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - An etch paste is applied onto the electrode. A pattern is formed on the electrode by heating the etch paste and removing the etch paste after heating. The patterned electrode is incorporated into the photovoltaic cell.    USE - Method for manufacture of photovoltaic cell module such as organic solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to pattern the electrodes of the solar cell such that only conducting layers of a multilayer stack are patterned, and such that printed and non-printed layers can be used to stop the etching process selectively. This enables applications for patterning both the top and the bottom electrodes that involve few process steps, cost reduction as well as environment friendly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a photovoltaic module.
NOVELTY - The system (1) has a temperature sensor (4) that detects the temperature of coolant containing ethylene glycol circulated in a circulation path (11) by a coolant-fluid-flow unit (3). A control unit (6) promotes exchange operation of coolant, when the electric conductivity of coolant reaches predetermined regulation electric conductivity.    USE - Fuel cell system for electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The electric conductivity of the coolant used for cooling fuel cell stack is managed in appropriate range.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell stack (2)    Coolant-fluid-flow unit (3)    Temperature sensor (4)    Control unit (6)    Circulation path (11)
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive film has transparent film base material and electroconductive pattern containing silver and electroconductive high molecular compound which is adhered from the side near the base material. The electroconductive pattern has layer containing halogenated silver particles on the film base material. The layer is exposed by a pattern and metal silver portion of pattern is developed. Then, the layer is subjected to physical development process. The halogenated silver particle is silver chlorobromide particle.    USE - Transparent conductive film used for flexible transparent electrode used solar cell and display device such as liquid crystal display, electroluminescent display, plasma display, electrochromic display and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive film has excellent corrosion resistance, bending resistance and strength.
NOVELTY - A carrier gas is mixed with aluminum-doped zinc oxide microparticles (P) to obtain an aerosol. The aerosol is injected from a nozzle (5), and collided with a substrate (7) to form a transparent conductive film containing microparticles on the substrate.    USE - Manufacture of aluminum-doped zinc oxide transparent conductive film used for electrodes for liquid crystal display such as flat panel display, solar cell, electronic office equipment and mobile telephone.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient and economical manufacture of aluminum-doped zinc oxide film having excellent electroconductivity and transparency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the apparatus for manufacturing aluminum-doped zinc oxide transparent conductive film.    Carrier gas cylinder (1)    Aerosol generator (3)    Nozzle (5)    Substrate (7)    Aluminum-doped zinc oxide microparticles (P)
NOVELTY - Several unit solar cells are formed by dividing each layer formed in double surface side of substrate (2). The inner wall portion (11a) of current collection hole (11) and peripheral portion (5a) of current collection hole in the surface of electrode layer (5) are coated with fluororesin material (14).    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Failure generation of solar cell module due to corrosion can be prevented while improving the durability of the solar cell module.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for solar cell module manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the solar cell module.    Solar cell element (1)    Substrate (2)    Electrode layers (3,5)    Peripheral portion (5a)    Current collection hole (11)    Inner wall portion (11a)    Fluororesin material (14)    Resin sealing materials (15,16)
NOVELTY - A top emission type organic electroluminescent element has organic compound layer (3) provided between pair of electrode layers where one electrode layer is provided on one surface of a non-translucent base material (1), gas barrier layer (5) laminated through an adhesive layer or smoothing layer (4) on side of electrode far from non-translucent base material, and anti-curl layer (6) provided on other surface of non-translucent base material.    USE - Top emission type organic electroluminescent element for image display apparatus (e.g. LCD), electronic paper, or solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic electroluminescent element has reduced curvature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing organic electroluminescent element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the top emission type organic electroluminescent element.    Non-translucent base material (1)    Organic compound layer (3)    Adhesive layer or smoothing layer (4)    Gas barrier layer (5)    Anti-curl layer (6)
NOVELTY - High toughness columnar porous materials and electrochemical devices. The columnar porous material includes a columnar lanthanum aluminate structure and a alpha -aluminum oxide or flat lanthanum aluminate structure tangled such that bridged structures are created therebetween applying for electrochemical devices including gas sensors, fuel cells, molecular seives, and porous filters.
NOVELTY - A thiophene containing polymer compound is new.    USE - A thiophene containing polymer compound for use in device including organic electroluminescence display, organic memory, solar battery, organic sensor, rectifier, photodiode, molecular wire, optical photoconductor drum and in organic transistor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymeric compound has good transition mobility while having a controlled thermal transition temperature and energy level, has high glass transition temperature, high solubility at its decomposition temperature, and has high thin film stability. The compound is also suitable for synthesis with other copolymers, and is capable of controlling its electrical property and its absorption and emission wavelength.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thiophene containing polymer compound of formula (I) is new.    R=4-30C heteroaryl containing N, S, P or O, 1-18C aryl, 3-12C cycloalkyl, 2-8C alkenyl, 2-8C alkynyl; and    m,n=1-10000.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device containing compound (I).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of UV-visible spectrum of a polymeric compound.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a P-type layer, and N-type emitting layer formed on front surface of P-type layer. A silicon oxide or a silicon nitride layer is stacked on the N-type emitting layer of strip shape. A back surface field layer made of boron is formed on the back surface of the P-type layer. Another silicon oxide or silicon nitride layer is stacked on the back surface field layer. The metal electrodes are formed on the front and back surface of the solar cell.    USE - Monocrystalline silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar energy is used efficiently and the output power is improved since the front surface of the solar cell receives the sunlight and the back surface of the solar cell receives various types of scattered light. Thus ultra thin highly efficient solar cell is provided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the monocrystalline silicon solar cell.
NOVELTY - The method involves enclosing a canopy function substrate (1) and a substrate (1') of a light collecting element to a stack of active layers. The stack includes a transparent conducting layer forming electrodes and an absorbing material based functional layer allowing energy conversion of light into electric energy. The stack is arranged on a portion of a surface of one of the substrates to define a peripheral groove (9) in periphery of the element and after lamination, where the groove receives sealing units (10, 11) e.g. joint and a sealed joint, that are arranged before an autoclave phase.    USE - Method for sealing a light collecting element (claimed) e.g. photovoltaic or solar cell or photovoltaic or solar module, that collects the light.    ADVANTAGE - The groove receives the sealing units that are arranged before the autoclave phase, thus preventing the solvent contained in the insert from polluting walls of the groove, and hence reducing the diffusion of the humidity through the element. The conductive layer presents the high transmission of light in all wavelengths corresponding to the absorption spectrum of the material of the functional layer, so that the output of the cell is not reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The canopy function substrate forms a cover, and the substrate forms a support. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a light collecting element comprising a substrate and a canopy function substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged perspective view of a zone located in the periphery of a light collecting element at the level of a peripheral groove.    Canopy function substrate (1)    Substrate (1')    Lamination insert (8)    Peripheral groove (9)    Sealing units (10, 11)    Bumper (13)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen fuel battery membrane electrode composite body has fuel electrode which is provided in surface side of polymer electrolyte membrane containing a fluorine atom, and in oxidation pole in the opposite side. A hydrocarbon type electrolyte layer is provided between the polymer electrolyte membrane and fuel electrode. The hydrocarbon type electrolyte layer contains a polymer having aromatic ring, in principal chain.    USE - Hydrogen fuel battery membrane electrode composite body for use in mobile telephone. Can also be used in personal computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), video camera, digital camera, portable TV, digital audio player, household appliance e.g. portable apparatuses such as hard disk player, vacuum cleaner, vehicle and vessel such as toy, electric power assisted bicycle, electric wheelchair, motorcycle, motor vehicle, bus, and truck, and used as alternative of a primary battery of moving bodies such as railway, electric power supply source of robot or cyborg, non- portable generator, and a secondary battery and a hybrid power supply or solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces catalyst precipitation in polymer electrolyte membrane, and deterioration of polymer electrolyte membrane for a long time, thus improving durability of hydrogen fuel battery membrane electrode composite body.
NOVELTY - A sealing agent contains a norbornene type ring-opened polymer hydride obtained by hydrogenating 80% or more of carbon-carbon double bond of a ring-opened polymer obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 2-norbornene, or 2-norbornene and substituent-containing norbornene-type monomer. The abundance of repeating unit derived from 2-norbornene with respect to all repeating units, is 90-100 wt.%. The norbornene type ring-opened polymer hydride has a melting point of 110-145 degrees C.    USE - Sealing agent is used for substrates mounted with functional elements used in LCD elements, organic electroluminescent elements, inorganic electroluminescent elements, and solar cell elements.    ADVANTAGE - The sealing agent has excellent damp-proof property, mechanical characteristics, workability and solvent resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sealing agent contains a norbornene type ring-opened polymer hydride obtained by hydrogenating 80% or more of carbon-carbon double bond of a ring-opened polymer obtained by ring-opening polymerization of a monomer mixture containing 2-norbornene, or 2-norbornene and substituent-containing norbornene-type monomer. The abundance of repeating unit derived from 2-norbornene with respect to all repeating units, is 90-100 wt.%. The abundance of repeating unit derived from substituent-containing norbornene-type monomer with respect to all repeating units, is 0-10 wt.%. The norbornene type ring-opened polymer hydride has a melting point of 110-145 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A light resistant film has a resin film, a primary light-resistant layer provided on resin film and containing organic-type ultraviolet absorber, and a secondary light-resistant layer provided on primary light resistant layer and containing metal oxide having ultraviolet absorption property.    USE - Light resistant film is used for solar cell (claimed), and for packaging of products, such as pharmaceuticals.    ADVANTAGE - The light resistant film has favorable light resistance even after light irradiation.
NOVELTY - The transparent conductive film has transparent conductive layer which is constituted from an electroconductive metal mesh layer and an electroconductive polymeric layer, and provided surface of transparent base material sheet. The metal of electroconductive metal mesh layer is a base metal or alloy consisting base metal. The alloy is chosen from aluminum, nickel, zinc, iron, tin, titanium, molybdenum, stainless steel.    USE - Transparent conductive film used for transparent electrode of liquid crystal display. Uses include but are not limited to electroluminescent display, plasma display, electrochromic display, solar cell, touch panel, electromagnetic shielding material.    ADVANTAGE - Provides transparent conductive film with favorable coating film strength since transparent conductive film has excellent transparency and electroconductivity and uniform electrically conductive performance.
NOVELTY - A flame-retardant composition contains silicone resin and/or modified-silicone resin and melamine derivative.    USE - Flame-retardant composition is used for filler and adhesive agent for filling and adhesion of junction box (both claimed) used for module of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The filler and adhesive agent formed using flame-retardant composition has excellent flame-retardance and hardening property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the top view and sectional view of junction box.    Junction box (1)    Module of solar cell (3)    Main frame (5)    Cover (7)    Base (15)
NOVELTY - The photoelectrode has a short-circuit prevention layer made of an insulating material. The short-circuit prevention layer is formed on the peripheral portion of a region, to face a counter electrode on a transparent conductive board.    USE - Photoelectrode for dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Deformation and uneven pressurization generated in a bonding step for bonding the counter electrode with the photoelectrode during manufacturing dye-sensitized solar cell and short-circuit due to deformation are eliminated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) counter electrode;    (2) dye-sensitized solar cell; and    (3) dye-sensitized solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the dye-sensitized solar cell.(Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A high-efficiency solar cell comprises an upper ohmic layer (450) and an upper ohmic electrode (460) of which lateral surfaces have a predetermined tilt angle (preferably less than 45 degrees ) to allow the incident light to be incident into the solar cell.    USE - A high-efficiency solar cell for converting light energy of incident light to electrical energy.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has lesser shadow loss and reduced contact resistance thus improving photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing a high-efficiency solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-sectional view of a high-efficiency solar cell.    Upper ohmic layer (450)    Upper ohmic electrode (460)    Anti-reflection layer (480)
NOVELTY - The solar cell comprises photovoltaic cells (11-14) made of semiconductor materials that are convectively, conductively and radiatively shielded from surrounding atmosphere. The photovoltaic cells are suspended by thin wires or other conduction insulation. The photovoltaic cells are surrounded by reflecting foils (400) to reflect radiation from one photovoltaic cell to other photovoltaic cell.    USE - Thermodynamically shielded solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of solar cell is increased by trapping the photons into the photovoltaic cells by conductive shielding, radiative shielding and convective shielding.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the solar cell system.    Photovoltaic cells (11-14)    Vacuum container (200)    Diverging element (310)    Reflecting foil (400)    Vacuum pump (600)
NOVELTY - A dried poly ether ether ketone is dissolved in methyl sulfonic acid solution, and the prepared solution is sulfonated by adding 90-100% aqueous sulfuric acid solution, under nitrogen atmosphere. Then, precipitation is carried out, and the deposited substance is filter-separated and washed. The obtained material is dissolved in organic solvent, and the resulting solution is solidified, to obtain sulfonated poly ether ether ketone electrolyte membrane.    USE - Method of preparing sulfonated poly ether ether ketone electrolyte membrane for preparing sulfonated poly ether ether ketone proton electrolyte membrane (claimed) for direct methanol fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient preparation of sulfonated poly ether ether ketone electrolyte membrane having excellent ionic conductivity, methanol permeability and mechanical strength.
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a lower electrode (110) comprising a titanium or titanium alloy, a titanium oxide electrode (120) comprising a nanotube structure, a metal oxide layer (130) having a larger band gap than titanium oxide and having a dye adsorbed on the surface, a counter electrode (165) spaced apart from the metal oxide layer, and an electrolyte (170) between the metal oxide layer and the counter electrode.    USE - A dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has a titanium oxide electrode in a nanotube structure having a large specific surface area which increases absorption of solar light and provides improved adsorption of the dye due to a metal oxide layer, thus improving photo current and voltage characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of the solar cell.    Lower electrode (110)    Titanium oxide electrode (120)    Metal oxide layer (130)    Upper transparent substrate (140)    Counter electrode (165)    Electrolyte (170)
NOVELTY - The plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) apparatus (300) has a radio frequency (RF) return plate coupled with a backing plate support structure (310) and a chamber lid (326). The RF return plate has an S-shaped cross section. The RF return plate is coupled to a support ring (312) coupling the backing plate support structure to a backing plate (308).    USE - Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) apparatus for producing large flat display panel and solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The safety of the technician is improved by controlling the RF current using the RF return plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the chamber lid section of the PECVD apparatus.    PECVD apparatus (300)    Backing plate (308)    Backing plate support structure (310)    Support ring (312)    Chamber lid (326)
NOVELTY - The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic cell e.g. a solar cell, comprises applying a silver layer (3) to a rearmost side (2b) of a substrate (2), applying aluminum or aluminum alloy layer (4) having a high electrical conductivity coefficient to the silver layer in a thickness of 10-25 micrometers by a screen printing process, and then firing the substrate to obtain an alloy of the metals and the silicon, where the formed alloy comprises aluminum and silver in silicon in amounts up to the eutectic point of the alloy, which is an n-type silicon-aluminum-silver alloy.    USE - The method is useful for manufacturing a photovoltaic cell such as a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of rapidly and economically manufacturing a photovoltaic cell with improved back surface field and enhanced efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic cell e.g. a solar cell, comprises applying a silver layer (3) to a rearmost side (2b) of a substrate (2), applying aluminum or aluminum alloy layer (4) having a high electrical conductivity coefficient to the silver layer in a thickness of 10-25 micrometers by a screen printing process, and then firing the substrate to obtain an alloy of the metals and the silicon, where the formed alloy comprises aluminum and silver in silicon in amounts up to the eutectic point of the alloy, which is an n-type silicon-aluminum-silver alloy. The silver layer has a high optical reflectance and is applied in a thin layer, which has a thickness of 10 nanometers to 1 micrometer, with the aid of a sputtering process. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a cross section of a substrate.    Substrate (2)    Foremost side (2a)    Rearmost side (2b)    Silver layer (3)    Aluminum or aluminum alloy layer. (4)
NOVELTY - A generated water collection storage unit (10) collects generated water from combustion exhaust gas discharged from fuel cell stack (16). A battery collecting water flow unit (24) circulates cooling water to fuel cell stack. An ion exchange resin pipe (7) deionizes tap water and supplies deionized water to generated water collection storage unit. An electric deionization apparatus (5) replenishes pure water to battery cooling water flow unit. A circulation piping (20) returns pure water processed by electric deionization apparatus to ion exchange resin pipe.    USE - Fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The pollution generated due to alga, sliminess and bacteria can be suppressed by providing circulation piping to return pure water to ion exchange region pipe such that the performance degradation of ion exchange resin pipe can be prevented and purification performance of electric deionization apparatus can be maintained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of the fuel cell power generating device.    Electric deionization apparatus (5)    Ion exchange resin pipe (7)    Generated water collection storage unit (10)    Fuel cell stack (16)    Circulation piping (20)    Battery collecting water flow unit (24)
NOVELTY - A bus-bar electrode (40) has grooves (41) formed on adhesive surface of resin layer (50). A wiring material (5) has grooves (51) formed on adhesive surface of resin layer. The wiring material has a curved surface which curves towards the inside of groove in the boundary region of adhesive surface and groove. A through-hole is penetrated to the wiring material from the adhesive surface. The depth of groove is deeper towards the outer side of wiring material. The grooves are filled with resin.    USE - Solar cell module for use as power supply in residence and building.    ADVANTAGE - The presence of micro-bubbles between bus-bar electrode and resin layer can be suppressed, so that the electrical property of solar cell module is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an expansion side view of the solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Wiring material (5)    Photoelectric conversion layer (20)    Bus-bar electrode (40)    Grooves (41,51)    Resin layer (50)
NOVELTY - The solar cell (11) having resin substrate (31a), upper electrode and lower electrode (31b), is arranged in vertical direction with respect to the character board. The protective film (31f) covers the upper electrode. The removing electrodes (41h,41i) are provided in the protective film and are exposed from the opening portion which is connected to the upper electrode and lower electrode. The elastic modulus of the protective film and the electrode is same as that of the elastic modulus of the electrode.    USE - Electronic timepiece.    ADVANTAGE - The occurrence of crack in the upper electrode of the solar cell is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional and exploded perspective views of the electronic timepiece.    Solar cell (11)    Resin substrate (31a)    Lower electrode (31b)    Protective film (31f)    Removing electrodes (41h,41i)
NOVELTY - The method involves reducing the pressure of a processing chamber (2). The reactive gas is introduced in the processing chamber for generating plasma (P). The reactive gas is decomposed and activated by the generated plasma. The quantity of the electric charge in the surface of the to-be-treated material (W) is controlled, by controlling the electric field of electric charge permeation control unit (9a) provided between the plasma and to-be-treated material.    USE - Surface treatment method for manufacturing LCD, fuel cell and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the quantity of the electric charge in the surface of the to-be-treated material is controlled, the uneven grooved portion formed on the surface of the to-be-treated material is provided for obtaining processing layer of uniform thickness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for plasma processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the plasma processing apparatus.    Processing chamber (2)    Electric charge permeation control unit (9a)    Slot antenna (12)    Plasma (P)    To-be-treated material (W)
NOVELTY - A decarboxylation apparatus (11A) consists of a helical porous component (30) accommodated in a casing. Air for decarboxylation is circulated from the lower portion of the porous component to the upper portion, and to-be-processed water is flown down towards the lower portion from the upper portion of the porous component. To-be-processed water is contacted with air on the surface of the porous component and decarboxylated.    USE - Decarboxylation apparatus is used for removing carbon dioxide contained in to-be-processed water in fuel cell power generators (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The decarboxylation apparatus efficiently removes carbon dioxide contained in to-be-processed water. The contact time and area of air and condensed water are sufficiently securable. The decarboxylation apparatus is compact and economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the decarboxylation apparatus.    Decarboxylation apparatus (11A)    Helical porous component (30)    Blower outlet (31)    Exhaust port (34)    Support (35)
NOVELTY - A liquid fuel de-sulfurizing apparatus has a desulfurization container which is filed with desulfurization catalyst, a self-reheat-type heat exchanger which heat exchanges the liquid fuel, a desulfurization-catalyst exit and inlet port, an electric heater attached to the desulfurization catalyst inlet port front stage, and a pressure control valve provided in the downstream of the heat exchanger. The liquid fuel de-sulfurizing apparatus de-sulfurizes the sulfur contained in liquid fuel in presence of desulfurization catalyst by high temperature and high pressure.    USE - Liquid fuel de-sulfurizing apparatus is used for liquid fuel desulfurization system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The liquid fuel de-sulfurizing apparatus has excellent workability, durability and reliability, and is economical.
NOVELTY - The method involves arranging a vapor deposition source (302) inside a vapor deposition apparatus (300), such that the distance between restriction boards (303) of the vapor deposition apparatus corresponds to the width of a base material (10A) inclined at predetermined angle. A stack of organic semiconductor layers is formed on the base material, by performing vapor deposition of fullerene from the vapor deposition source.    USE - Method for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic semiconductor layers can be formed uniformly even on large-sized base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the vapor deposition apparatus.    Base material (10A)    Vapor deposition apparatus (300)    Vapor deposition source (302)    Restriction board (303)    Deposition chamber (308)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic element (10) consists of an n-type semiconductor layer (3) and a p-type semiconductor layer, between electrodes (2,6). The n-type semiconductor layer contains an electron-accepting inorganic substance and a basic dye. P-type semiconductor layer (4) contains an electron-donating organic compound and contacts the n-type semiconductor layer. P-type semiconductor layer (5) contacts the opposite side of layer (4) with respect to n-type semiconductor layer. The electron-donating organic compound in layer (5) is metal-less phthalocyanine.    USE - Photovoltaic element, such as solar cell, optical sensor, and photodiode.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic element has excellent photoelectric-conversion efficiency, economical efficiency, stability, safety, and light utilization efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photovoltaic element (10) consists of an n-type semiconductor layer (3) and a p-type semiconductor layer arranged between two electrodes (2,6) among which at least one has translucency. The n-type semiconductor layer contains an electron-accepting inorganic substance and a basic dye. P-type semiconductor layer (4) contains an electron-donating organic compound and contacts the n-type semiconductor layer. P-type semiconductor layer (5) contacts the opposite side of layer (4) with respect to n-type semiconductor layer. The electron-donating organic compound in layer (5) is metal-less phthalocyanine. The electron-donating organic compound in layer (I) is titanyl phthalocyanine. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of photovoltaic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of the photovoltaic element.    Substrate (1)    Electrodes (2,6)    N-type semiconductor layer (3)    P-type semiconductor layers (4,5)    Photovoltaic element (10)
NOVELTY - A nickel group metal glass alloy contains a composition comprising a nickel-zirconium-aluminum-niobium complex (1). The alloy has temperature interval ( Delta Tx) of crystallization start temperature and glass transition temperature in supercooled liquid region of 40 K or more, and conversion vitrification temperature as defined by ratio of glass transition temperature with respect to liquid temperature of 0.57 or more.    USE - Nickel group metal glass alloy is used for metallic glass alloy (claimed) for piping, metal separator and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The nickel group metal glass alloy has excellent formulation ability, workability, rigid property, strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance and mechanical property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A nickel group metal glass alloy contains a composition comprising a nickel-zirconium-aluminum-niobium complex (Ni100-a-b-cZraAlbNbc, where a is 10-35, b is 2.5-15, c is 5-25 and a+b+c is 30-55). The alloy has temperature interval ( Delta Tx) of crystallization start temperature and glass transition temperature in supercooled liquid region of 40 K or more, and conversion vitrification temperature as defined by ratio of glass transition temperature with respect to liquid temperature of 0.57 or more. The composition further contains hafnium, tantalum, cobalt, copper, titanium, chromium, vanadium, molybdenum and tungsten.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer (1) has an electrode (3), a semiconductor layer (4), an electric charge carrying layer (5) and a counter electrode (6). The electrode and counter electrode are arranged opposingly. The semiconductor layer is arranged in contact with the electrode. The semiconductor layer and electric charge carrying layer are arranged between the electrode and counter electrode. The electric charge carrying layer contains sensitizing dye having ligand provided with group which has hydrophobicity, iodine ions and water (0.1-15 volume%). The sensitizing dye is a metal complex dye.    USE - Photoelectric transducer is used as dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transducer has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, output characteristics and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric transducer (1) has an electrode (3), a semiconductor layer (4), an electric charge carrying layer (5) and a counter electrode (6). The electrode and counter electrode are arranged opposingly. The semiconductor layer is arranged in contact with the electrode. The semiconductor layer and electric charge carrying layer are arranged between the electrode and counter electrode. The electric charge carrying layer contains sensitizing dye having ligand provided with group which has hydrophobicity, iodine ions (I3- and I-) and water (0.1-15 volume%). The sensitizing dye is a metal complex dye.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of the photoelectric transducer.    Photoelectric transducer (1)    Electrode (3)    Semiconductor layer (4)    Electric charge carrying layer (5)    Counter electrode (6)
NOVELTY - Preparing zinc oxide nanostructures involves dipping a substrate having zinc seed layer in an aqueous solution (S1) of hexamethyleneamine and heating the aqueous solution (S1) in a bath; and dropwise adding an aqueous solution (S2) of zinc nitrate to the solution (S1).    USE - For preparing zinc oxide nanostructures useful in material for fabrication of an electronic component selected from transparent electrodes, solar cells, photosensors, thin-film transistors (TFTs) and light-emitting devices.    ADVANTAGE - The zinc nitrate is added dropwise to hexamethyleneamine to control the concentration of zinc ions supplied, reaction rate, reaction time and pH with increasing reaction time; hence achieving controlled length and improved quality of final nanostructures.
NOVELTY - The method involves controlling irradiation of electron beams (16,17) towards a target material (13) contained in a heat-resistant container (11). The target material are divided into non-melting regions (13C) and melting regions (13A,13B) along the longitudinal direction of the heat-resistant container, such that width of the non-melting regions is maintained in a predefined range.    USE - Purification method of target material containing semiconductor material such as silicon used in manufacture of solar cell, and germanium, metal such as tantalum, titanium, zirconium, etc., alloy (all claimed) such as tantalum alloy, tungsten alloy, molybdenum alloy, etc. Can also be used in purification of target material containing metal such as phosphorus, aluminum, calcium, carbon and boron.    ADVANTAGE - The impurity contained in the target material is evaporated by irradiating electron beam, so that a highly refined material is obtained and need for performing convection stirring and diffusion of impurity is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the refiner.    Heat-resistant container (11)    Target material (13)    Melting regions (13A,13B)    Non-melting region (13C)    Electron guns (14,15)    Electron beams (16,17)    Refined material collection receptacle (18)
NOVELTY - Corrosion protective layer (I) for protecting an anodisable metal surface from corrosion, comprises the metal in oxidized form and metal oxide complex network, where the layer is free of hexavalent chromium.    USE - (I) is useful for protecting an anodisable metal surface from corrosion, and in aerospace, automotive, manufacturing, solar cells and flexible displays (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) is free of hexavalent chromium. The process is an one-step process, which saves time and costs. (I) provides improved corrosion protection. (I) has good metal surface adhesion, corrosion and wear resistance, with additionally introduced surface properties of functionalized sol-gel coatings, such as scratch resistance, UV absorption, low surface energy (no-stick). The process does not require a post-treatment, such as sealing at high temperatures or impregnation to introduce specific functional properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Corrosion protective layer (I) for protecting an anodisable metal surface from corrosion, comprises the metal in oxidized form and metal oxide complex network of formula (XyOz), where the layer is free of hexavalent chromium.    y, z = 1-3; and    X = Si (preferred), Al, Ti, Zr, Ce, Mo or Mg.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) process for providing an anodisable metal surface with (I), comprising electrochemically oxidizing the metal in the presence of a mixture of a sol-gel precursor of the metal complex network (XyOz), an alcohol and acidified water (H2O); and    (2) the metal surface with (I) obtainable by the process.
NOVELTY - A suitable amount of coating liquid (A) is coated on an electrode layer by a coating unit in the position spaced apart from the electrode layer to form a conductive semiconductor layer (I). A suitable amount of coating liquid (B) is coated on the conductive semiconductor layer (I) by a coating unit to form a conductive semiconductor layer (II). The electrode layer, conductive semiconductor layer (I) and conductive semiconductor layer (II) are sequentially laminated on a base material to obtain a photovoltaic element (20).    USE - Manufacture of photovoltaic element used for solar cell, optical sensor and photodiode.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic element having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency is manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A suitable amount of coating liquid (A) is coated on an electrode layer by a coating unit to discharge coating liquid from a component of slit shape provided in the position spaced apart from the electrode layer to form a conductive semiconductor layer (I). A suitable amount of coating liquid (B) is coated on the conductive semiconductor layer (I) by a coating unit in the position spaced apart from the conductive semiconductor layer (I) to form a conductive semiconductor layer (II). The electrode layer, conductive semiconductor layer (I) and conductive semiconductor layer (II) are sequentially laminated on a base material to obtain a photovoltaic element. The conductive semiconductor layer (II) is formed in 2 layers using different solvent.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view of the photovoltaic element.    Photovoltaic element (20)    Substrate (21)    Transparent electrode (22)    n-type semiconductor layer (23)    Back electrode layer (26)
NOVELTY - The device i.e. electroluminescent lamp (300), has a printed reflective electronic layer i.e. reflective electrode, comprising dielectric material and metallic particles with an average particle size less than 300 nano meter, where average reflectivity of the electronic layer is greater than 20 percent over a wavelength from 300 to 750 nano meter, and the resistivity is greater than 1 ohm per square. The metallic particles comprise a coating comprising glass, a metal oxide or a polymer. The metallic particles have an average particle size of less than 100 nano meter.    USE - Electronic device e.g. electroluminescent lamp, LED and photovoltaic device (all claimed), such as solar cell and crystalline silicon photovoltaic cell for interacting with and emitting electromagnetic radiation e.g., visible light, UV light and infra-red light. Uses include but are not limited to provide light in an automobile, airplane, watch, cell phone and laptop computer.    ADVANTAGE - The device enables reflection of incident light off of a back electrode, and increases total quantity of photons exciting an emitter layer, thus increasing photovoltaic cell electrical output and efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) an electroluminescent lamp comprising a dielectric layer and a phosphor layer    (2) a process for forming an electrode for an electroluminescent lamp    (3) a photovoltaic device comprising a semiconductor substrate    (4) a process for forming a photovoltaic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of components of an electroluminescent lamp.    Electroluminescent lamp (300)    Front electrode (305)    Phosphor layer (310)    Dielectric layer (315)    Reflective back electrode (320)
NOVELTY - A catalyst element (10) comprises catalyst powder (2) with average particle diameter smaller than value of arithmetic mean deviation which is supported on roughened surface of metallic substrate (1) where surface has predetermined arithmetic mean deviation (Ra).    USE - A catalyst element for micro-channel reactors (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst element has high reaction efficiency, and can support catalyst fine particles with sufficient adhesiveness on base material surface without using binder.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing catalyst element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the catalyst element.    Metallic substrate (1)    Catalyst powder (2)    Recessed part (3)    Catalyst element (10)
NOVELTY - A heating unit (4) heats a desulfurization catalyst layer (2) of a reactor (3). A measurement unit (5) measures the heating temperature of heating unit. A material supply pump (6) supplies hydrocarbon raw material to reactor. A control unit (7) calculates the duty ratio of ON/OFF operation of heating by heating unit, while controlling ON/OFF operation of heating of catalyst layer according to measured heating temperature. A raw material supply control unit (7c) starts the supply of hydrocarbon raw material to reactor, when duty ratio is below predetermined value.    USE - Desulfurizer for fuel cell system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The need for temperature measuring unit used for monitoring temperature of desulfurization catalyst layer is eliminated, so that cost of the desulfurizer is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of operating desulfurizer that involves controlling ON/OFF operation of heating of catalyst layer by heating unit according to measured heating temperature of heating unit. The hydrocarbon raw material is supplied to the reactor, when duty ratio of ON/OFF operation of heating by heating unit is below predetermined value.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the desulfurizer. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Desulfurization catalyst layer (2)    Reactor (3)    Heating unit (4)    Measurement unit (5)    Material supply pump (6)    Control unit (7)    Raw material supply control unit (7c)
NOVELTY - A hydrogen-containing-gas generator has a steam generator, and a raw fuel supply portion which supplies raw fuel. The supply of raw fuel by raw fuel supply portion to the steam generator is stopped, and the in-apparatus gas in the gas generator is discharged. The water is discharged from the inner side of the steam generator while stopping supply of the water to the steam generator. A purge gas is supplied into hydrogen-containing gas generator, and the hydrogen-containing gas generator is sealed. Thus, the hydrogen-containing gas generator is operated.    USE - Method for operating hydrogen-containing gas generator used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen-containing gas generator having excellent workability, is efficiently and economically operated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrogen-containing-gas generator has a steam generator which vaporizes supplied water to generate steam, a raw fuel supply portion which supplies raw fuel containing hydrocarbon, a steam separator which separates steam remained in the hydrogen-containing gas generator, and a modifier which generates hydrogen-containing gas from the mixed gas containing raw fuel and steam. The supply of raw fuel by raw fuel supply portion to the steam generator is stopped, and the in-apparatus gas in the hydrogen-containing gas generator is discharged by steam purge process. The water is discharged from the inner side of the steam generator while stopping supply of the water to the steam generator. A purge gas is supplied into hydrogen-containing gas generator by purge gas process, and the hydrogen-containing gas generator is sealed by sealing process. Thus, the hydrogen-containing gas generator is operated. The purge gas is nitrogen gas.
NOVELTY - The method involves hydrogenating light-modulation thin film (11) placed on one surface of the electrolytic film (10), using a hydrogen ion. A power supply circuit (17) is placed between the light-modulation thin film and hydrogen pole (14) placed on other surface of the electrolytic film. The uniformity of hydrogen-ion conductivity of the electrolytic film is tested, by changing the reflectance of the electrolytic film based on the hydrogenation performed with respect to light-modulation thin film.    USE - Method for testing electrolytic film.    ADVANTAGE - Uniformity of hydrogen-ion conductivity of the electrolytic film can be tested at high precision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the structure used for testing electrolytic film.    Electrolytic film (10)    Light-modulation thin film (11)    Hydrogen pole (14)    Power supply circuit (17)    Container (20)
NOVELTY - A conductive substrate structure comprises base substrate (100); conductive substrate (200) formed on base substrate, and surface treated with organic molecule; and nanorods (300) grown from seed layer applied on conductive substrate. The seed layer is applied only on predetermined region of conductive substrate by using self-assembling characteristics of organic molecule.    USE - A conductive substrate structure for use in organic solar cell or dye-sensitized nanocrystalline solar cell (claimed) and LED field.    ADVANTAGE - The area of contact of conductive substrate with active layer is increased due to nanorods with controlled density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of conductive substrate structure, comprising treating conductive substrate formed on base substrate with organic molecule; applying seed layer on predetermined region of conductive substrate using self-assembling characteristics of organic molecule; and growing nanorods with controlled density from seed layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a conductive substrate structure with controlled nanorod density.    Base substrate (100)    Conductive substrate (200)    Nanorods (300)
NOVELTY - A joining process involves adherends consist of base material with an area where an oxygen atom bonded with metal atom and/or metal atom exists and joining film where a leaving group bonded with the oxygen with metal atom and/or metal atom exists, providing energy to joining films which detaches the leaving group from the oxygen or metal atoms and joining the adherends together through the joining films.    USE - Joining process for manufacture of joined bodies (claimed) e.g. transistor, diode, semiconductor element e.g. memory, piezoelectric element e.g. quartz oscillator, reflective mirror, optical lens, diffraction grating, optical element e.g. optical filter, photoelectric transducer e.g. solar cell, semiconductor substrate, insulating board, wiring, electrode, ink jet type recording head, microreactor, MEMS(Micro Electro Mechanical Systems) component e.g. micromirror, sensor component e.g. pressure sensor and acceleration sensor, package components of semiconductor element or electronic component, display elements component, magnetic recording medium, magneto-optical medium, recording medium, optical recording medium, liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescent element, electrophoretic display element or fuel cell component.    ADVANTAGE - Joint strength is improved, has high dimensional accuracy and film forming time and cost is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross section explaining the joining process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Joined body (1)    Joining film (3a, 3b)    1st Base material (21)    2nd Base material (22)    Joint surface (23, 24)    Surface (31a, 31b)    1st Adherend (41)    2nd Adherend (42)    1st Area (310a)    2nd Area (310b)
NOVELTY - A joining process involves preparing second adherend (42) that equips whole surface of first adherend (41) provided with first joining film containing leaving group bonded with greater than or equal to 1 of metal atom or oxygen atom, and surface (31a, 31b) facing first joining film of base material with second joining film, providing energy to joining films (3a, 3b), making adhesiveness express on each joining film by detaching metal atom or oxygen atom, and obtaining joined body by partially joining first and second adherend in predetermined area (310) so that each joining film may adhere.    USE - Joining process for wiring board, transistor, diode, semiconductor element like memory, piezoelectric element like quartz oscillator, reflective mirror, optical lens, diffraction grating, optical element like optical filter, photoelectric transducer like solar cell, semiconductor substrate and semiconductor element, insulating board, wiring or electrode, ink jet type recording head, microreactor, micro electro mechanical systems (MEMS) components like micromirror, pressure sensor, sensor component like acceleration sensor, package components of semiconductor element or electronic component, components for display elements like magnetic-recording medium, magneto-optical medium, recording medium like optical recording medium, LCD element, organic electroluminescent element, electrophoretic display element and components for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The process is efficient under low temperature and has close dimensional accuracy.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a joined body.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the joining process. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Joining films (3a, 3b)    Surface (31a, 31b)    First adherend (41)    Second adherend (42)    Predetermined area (310)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell comprises metal oxide film and electrolyte layer containing nitroxy radical compound which are formed in electrode base material, first transparent conductive layer, adsorbed dye, second transparent conductive layer, and opposition base material.    USE - A dye-sensitized solar cell for constructing dye-sensitized solar cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has high efficiency, and improved electromotive force, maximum output and cycling characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of the I-V curve of type which uses nitroxy radical compound/tetra n-butylammonium perchlorate/methoxy propionitrile as electrolyte solution. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The method involves arranging a substrate (61) on a die (D) made of a metal, and arranging a stripper plate (Ps) on an upper surface of the substrate. A hole-opening processing is performed in the substrate through the stripper plate by using a punch (P), and extraction dregs (S) remain stuck to a front-end part of the punch. A die sheet (Ds) is inserted between the die and the substrate, and is punched after punching a hole in the substrate, where the die sheet is made of resin material.    USE - Method for manufacturing a thin film solar cell that is installed in a roof or window of a building i.e. residence, for generating electric power using sunlight.    ADVANTAGE - The die sheet is inserted between the die and the substrate, and is punched after punching the hole in the substrate, so that the deformation of a lower part of the substrate is prevented, and hole processing is accurately performed, thus reliably preventing the formation of a groove on a side surface of the die, reducing the increase in connection resistance with electrode layers, and preventing fall in a curvilinear factor of a solar cell and conversion efficiency of the solar cell. The clearance is not formed in the die sheet, so that elongation of the substrate is suppressed and the generation of drip at the side of the processing surface of the substrate is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating a method for performing hole-opening in a substrate in a state before and after hole punching.    Die (D)    Die sheet (Ds)    Punch (P)    Stripper plate (Ps)    Extraction dregs (S)    Substrate (61)
NOVELTY - An organic-solvent dispersion liquid of micro-capsulation phase change material (a), fluorine-type dispersion medium (b) which does not dissolve in the micro-capsulation phase-change-material dispersion liquid and fluorine-type interfacial activation agent (c) which dissolves in fluorine-type dispersion medium are mixed, subjected to phase-separation process and the organic solvent is removed from the liquid mixture. Thus, dispersion method of fluorine-type solvent of micro-capsulation phase change material is carried out.    USE - Dispersion method of fluorine-type solvent such as freon-type solvent of micro-capsulation phase change material used for coolant for fuel cell (claimed), automobile engine and heat transfer medium of heat storage system.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides micro-capsulation phase change material having excellent electroconductivity and insulating property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of micro-capsulation method of water-soluble phase change material using dispersion film.    Water-soluble phase-change-material container (1)    Water-soluble phase-change-material dissolving liquid (2)    Dispersion film (4)    Micro-capsulation agent solution (7)    Stirring apparatus (8)
NOVELTY - The module has cell arrays (6) arranged one after another in an optical path and produced from different substrates independent of each other. Each cell array includes a photovoltaic cell on a laminar carrier. A photovoltaic cell is provided with a semiconducting absorptive layer. The cell arrays are partial absorbent during exemption of the cell array in rear most in the optical path. Foils are used as a substrate for manufacturing of the cell array. The absorptive layer is made of amorphous silicon with part of germanium to adjust a band gap of a semiconductor to an optimal value.    USE - Photovoltaic solar module.    ADVANTAGE - The cell arrays are arranged one after another in the optical path and are produced from different substrates independent of each other, thus saving additional cost and achieving high degree of efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for production of a solar module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded view of a photovoltaic solar module consisting of cell arrays.    Source of radiation (1)    Direction of inclined light (2)    Front covering layer (3)    Compound layer (5)    Cell array (6)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic module for solar cell, comprises a laminate with transparent front cover, photosensitive semiconductor layers, plasticizer containing foil and a rear cover. The foil has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 20 degrees C and comprises maximum 26 wt.% of plasticizer content, less than 50 ppm of metal ion and 0.001-5 wt.% of silicon dioxide. Components are used as plasticizer.    USE - Photovoltaic module for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic module can be manufactured with high specific resistance, has good power output and ensures to protect against external influences.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The photovoltaic module for solar cell, comprises a laminate with transparent front cover, photosensitive semiconductor layers, plasticizer containing foil and a rear cover. The foil has a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 20 degrees C and comprises a plasticizer content of maximum 26 wt.%, less than 50 ppm of metal ion and 0.001-5 wt.% of silicon dioxide. Components are used as plasticizer. The polarity of the components expressed by 100x O/(C+H) is smaller/equal to 9.4, where O, C and H are the amount of oxygen, carbon and hydrogen atom in respective molecule.
NOVELTY - A ceramic container with tin powder is arranged at center of tubular furnace. A silicon slice sputtered with gold catalyst is arranged away from ceramic boat. The IV-VI group monomer selected as inducer in growth direction is taken in another ceramic container and is arranged at center of another tubular furnace. The inert gas is aerated continuously and gas outlet is sealed by de-ionized water. The tubular furnace with ceramic container containing monomer is heated to 800-1300 degrees C and another furnace is heated to 50-300 degrees C and are cooled to obtain nano-wire array.    USE - Method of preparing tin dioxide nano-wire array electrode for lithium battery.    ADVANTAGE - Since monomer is selected as inducer in growth direction of the nano-wire, the regular, ordered and long tin dioxide nano-wire array can be obtained. The nano-wire array is suitable for high performance lithium battery electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the process of preparing tin dioxide nano-wire array electrode for lithium battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - Preparation of a solar cell comprising a support, a cadmium sulfide layer, a cadmium telluride layer, a transparent conductive oxide layer, a conductive metallic layer, and optionally a buffer material layer, comprises depositing the cadmium sulfide layer and the cadmium telluride layer by pulsed plasma deposition.    USE - Method for the preparation of a solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell based on cadmium sulfide and cadmium telluride is inexpensive, and provided in a non-drastic operating conditions.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view of the solar cell.
NOVELTY - A supply unit (3) supplies aqueous desorption liquid to a fixing unit (2). The fixing unit fixes or desorbs hydrazine which is supplied as fuel into a fuel cell (1). A hydrazine sensor (22) detects the amount of hydrazine supplied to the fuel cell from the fixing unit. A detector (6) detects the quantity of hydrazine in the fixing unit based on the supply amount of hydrazine detected by the hydrazine sensor and predetermined theoretical value of the supplied hydrazine.    USE - Fuel cell system mounted in motor vehicle, rail vehicle, aircraft, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrazine is fixed or desorbed by the fixing unit, the hydrazine can be stored stably. Since the quantity of hydrazine in the fixing unit is detected by the detector, the residual amount of hydrazine in the fixing unit is detectable, hence separate apparatus for measuring the residual amount of hydrazine is unnecessary, the structure of the fuel cell system can be simplified and cost can be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (1)    Fixing unit (2)    Hydrazine supply unit (3)    Detector (6)    Casing (7)    Hydrazine sensor (22)
NOVELTY - The fuel cartridge (A) has a flexible fuel storage bag (10) filled with a liquid fuel (F), accommodated in an outer casing (20). The outer casing is provided with an air introduction hole (30). A direct flow prevention element (40) has a porous structure made of felt, non-woven fabric, sintered compact or foam impregnated with non-volatile solvent such as hydrocarbon oil, silicone oil or mineral oil. The direct flow prevention element with a capillary force of less than 3.9 kPa is inserted in the air introduction hole.    USE - Fuel cartridge for small-sized fuel cells used as a power supply of portable electronic device e.g. mobile telephone, notebook computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), digital camera, electronic notebook, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The excessive flow of fuel after filling the fuel cell with fuel, is prevented by the direct flow prevention element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross sectional view of fuel cartridge.    Fuel storage bag (10)    Outer casing (20)    Air introduction hole (30)    Direct flow prevention element (40)    Fuel cartridge (A)    Liquid fuel (F)
NOVELTY - The substrate (1') useful in a solar cell, comprises an internal side intended to receive a conducting element composed of molybdenum based layers that are enriched in molybdenum oxide, and a layer for constituting an alkaline barrier. The enriched layer (2a) is formed on free side of the conducting element contacting the substrate, and 1-75% of atomic oxygen. The enriched layers are distributed in superimposed manner along the thickness of the conducting element according to a gradient of molybdenum oxide concentration. The conducting element constitutes an electrode (2).    USE - The substrate is useful in a construction of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate enhances the growth of grains by the presence of sodium at a molybdenum interface thus improving its good electrical resistance and conductivity and reducing the defect density, and increases the energy efficiency and performances of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The substrate (1') useful in a solar cell, comprises an internal side intended to receive a conducting element composed of molybdenum based layers that are enriched in molybdenum oxide, and a layer for constituting an alkaline barrier. The enriched layer (2a) is formed on free side of the conducting element contacting the substrate, and 1-75% of atomic oxygen. The enriched layers are distributed in superimposed manner along the thickness of the conducting element according to a gradient of molybdenum oxide concentration. The conducting element constitutes an electrode (2) of a photoelectric cell. The barrier layer is deposited before depositing the molybdenum layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process for fabricating a substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a substrate.    Substrate (1')    Electrode (2)    Molybdenum enriched layer. (2a)
NOVELTY - The gallium doped monocrystalline silicon is classified based on its specific resistance, and its surface is matt finished and washed. The processed silicon is diffused for preset period at preset temperature, and then etched. A metal layer is deposited on the diffused gallium doped monocrystalline silicon.    USE - Method for manufacturing monocrystalline silicon solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Enables to lower or restrain optically induced attenuation and to control optically induced efficiency attenuation of the solar battery within 1%, and to lower the effect of gallium-doped monocrystalline silicon on battery process due to irregular specific resistance distribution, thus enabling to manufacture an effective monocrystalline silicon solar battery at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart explaining the method for manufacture of the monocrystalline silicon solar battery. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - The catalyst has a specific surface area with multiple nano rods in a base unit structure. An intrinsic filial piety surface area fibrous nano-carbon carrier is made of iron, nickel, cobalt, copper, and molybdenum through oxidation reaction and reduction reaction. The oxidation reaction of the single iron catalyst is performed at a temperature range of 350-500 degree Celsius. The catalyst is made of platinum, ruthenium, palladium, iridium, osmium, rhodium, molybdan, tungsten, gold, iron and selenium.    USE - Low temperature direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst for a battery.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst increases valid deposition surface area and efficiency, and reduces metal usage. The catalyst has reduced manufacturing cost and improved life time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a low temperature fuel cell electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graphical representation of a volt-ampere characteristic of a low temperature direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst.
NOVELTY - The ground electrode (12) is arranged inside the process chamber (10) which contains the substrate (20). The high frequency electrode (18) comprises electrode plate (16) which faces the ground electrode. The shield elements (30a,30c) having metal spraying film (31) is provided for surrounding the high frequency electrode. The surface roughness of the metal spraying film is 20 mu m.    USE - Plasma processing apparatus e.g. plasma film-forming apparatus for forming TFT thin film for manufacture of semiconductor device and liquid crystal panel. Can also be used in forming anti-reflective film of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The abnormal discharge of power due to exfoliation of the thin film is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the plasma processing apparatus.    Process chamber (10)    Ground electrode (12)    Electrode plate (16)    High frequency electrode (18)    Substrate (20)    Shield elements (30a,30c)    Metal spraying film (31)
NOVELTY - A mono-crystalline silicon wafer is annealed in nitrogen atmosphere at 900-950 degrees C for 20-30 minutes. Oxidation treatment is carried out in hydrogen chloride atmosphere at 850-1050 degrees C to form oxide layer having thickness of 10-30 nm on surface of silicon wafer. Diffusion is carried out from a phosphorus source at 850-900 degrees C, until block resistance of material surface is controlled to 40-50 ohm and junction depth is 0.2-1 micron. Annealing is then carried out in nitrogen atmosphere at 700-750 degrees C for 30-60 minutes, and phosphorus diffusion of silicon wafer is completed.    USE - Phosphorus diffusion is used for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The phosphorus diffusion is effectively carried out, and silicon wafer having low purity is utilized to manufacture solar cell.
NOVELTY - A three-section solar battery has a semiconductor material layer comprising two sets of distributed Bragg reflectors (DBR) having reflecting layer formed on phosphorus-germanium substrate. The one set of distributed Bragg reflectors is an aluminum-indium-phosphide/aluminum-gallium-indium-phosphide upper reflecting layer for reflecting short-wave photon. The other set of distributed Bragg reflectors is aluminum-arsenide/gallium-aluminum-arsenide intermediate reflecting layer for reflecting intermediate-wave photon.    USE - Three-section solar battery with reflecting layer.    ADVANTAGE - The three-section solar battery is compact, and provides improved photoelectric conversion efficiency. The free path of non-equilibrium current carrier in the solar battery is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of three-section solar battery with reflecting layer.
NOVELTY - Quick start method involves supplying fuel and oxidizer to a fuel cell stack (10), which generates power due to the electrochemical reaction of the fuel and the oxidizer. The fuel and the oxidizer react in response to a moving request signal. A load for moving (40) an output terminal of the fuel cell stack is repeatedly executed for starting the fuel cell stack. The fuel cell stack is methanol fuel cell.    USE - Method for quick starting fuel cell stack for fuel system.    ADVANTAGE - The quick start method enables to improve the performance of fuel cell stack, without utilizing heater or hotwire and provides a rapid start to the fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel system, which comprises a switching unit and the fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell stack (10)    Control device (30)    Switching units (32, 34)    Load (40)    Auxiliary power unit (50)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing passivation layer made of silicon dioxide, on rear surface of silicon wafer. An absorptive layer made of amorphous silicon, is formed on passivation layer. The laser energy is irradiated to selected regions on passivation layer to form openings in absorptive layer and passivation layer. The doping atoms such as boron, arsenic and phosphorus are applied through openings to form highly doped regions on silicon wafer. Several metal contacts (98,100,102) are applied to highly doped regions, to form low resistance point contacts.    USE - Method for forming point contact on rear surface of silicon wafer for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The low resistance point contact can be formed on rear surface of silicon wafer without any damaging wafer surface. Hence the solar cell with improved production efficiency can be obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating formation of point contacts on highly doped regions of silicon wafer.    Metal contacts (98,100,102)
NOVELTY - An LED (3) irradiates light towards a glass powder sintered compact (2), such the light contacts with the alcohol aqueous solution flowing inside the glass powder sintered compact through a flow path (1). A phototransistor (4) detects the intensity of the light scattered by the glass powder sintered compact, so that the change in refractive index of alcohol aqueous solution is identified from the intensity of the scattered light.    USE - Alcohol concentration sensor for use in e.g. direct type alcohol fuel cell used in portable electronic device. Can also be used in internal combustion (IC) engine.    ADVANTAGE - The alcohol concentration can be computed correctly by using small and inexpensive structure even when the changes in the refractive index of the alcohol aqueous solution is large.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural view of the alcohol concentration sensor.    Flow path (1)    Glass powder sintered compact (2)    LED (3)    Phototransistor (4)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a supply path (11), for supplying an oxidizing agent such as air to a fuel cell (61). A cleaning filter (64) which removes predetermined impurity from the oxidizing agent is arranged in the supply path. A purification performance detector (12) provided in the supply path detects the purification performance of the cleaning filter by performing discoloration reaction with predetermined impurity.    USE - Fuel cell system mounted in vehicle such as diesel engine vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The fall in purification performance of the cleaning filter can be detected directly by the detector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system maintenance method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Supply path (11)    Purification performance detector (12)    Fuel cell (61)    Oxidizing agent supply device (63)    Cleaning filter (64)
NOVELTY - An air cell (10) has a non-aqueous electrolyte (18) interposed between a positive electrode (13) and a negative electrode (15). The positive electrode contains catalyst (16) comprising manganese and having 0.005 ml/g or more of pores with pore diameter of 4-6 nm. The catalyst is manganese oxide, and is supported with gold. The negative electrode contains metallic lithium.    USE - Air cell.    ADVANTAGE - The air cell has high discharge capacitance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the model of air cell.    Air cell (10)    Collectors (12,14)    Positive electrode (13)    Electrically conductive material (13a)    Binder (13b)    Lithium anode (15)    Catalyst (16)    Separator (17)    Electrolyte solution (18)
NOVELTY - A dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer has an electrolyte layer (4) provided between a dye sensitizing semiconductor layer (2) and a counter electrode (3). The electrolyte layer contains an electrolytic composition comprising a compound having isocyanate group(s). The electrolytic composition contains iodine and a compound having nitrogen-containing functional group(s), preferably amine compound. The compound having isocyanate group further has nitrogen-containing functional group.    USE - Dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer e.g. dye sensitized solar cell used for electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer has improved open circuit voltage and excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) electrolytic composition; and    (2) additive for electrolyte.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of principal portion of dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Transparent conductive substrate (1)    Dye sensitizing semiconductor layer (2)    Electroconductive support (3)    Electrolyte layer (4)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a self-masking and low-energy Reactive Ion Etching (RIE) process for texturization of large area multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) wafers for use in solar cell processing. The safe and non-toxic sulfur hexafluoride and oxygen (SF_6 and O_2) reactant gases, under the influence of RF (13.56 MHz) or VHF (70 MHz) power, in a narrow band of process conditions, create micro masks giving rise to selective etching of the multicrystalline silicon surface. This leads to the formation of randomly distributed nano structures giving black look to the silicon surface irrespective of the crystal orientation. These nano structures are found to exhibit enhanced light trapping property when their dimensions are comparable to or larger than the wavelengths of the incident sunlight leading to substantial improvement in the efficiency of mc-Si solar cells. As a preparatory step, viz., conventional alkali etching solution was used for saw damage removal. This was considered necessary for initiating texturization process by RIE on defect free surface for emitter formation. The sample wafers were mounted on the specially designed carrier/jig to form grounded electrode required to inflict minimum damage for maintaining device quality wafer surface. Reactant gases were subjected to medium RF power to minimize RIE induced surface damage. An acidic etching solution, called Damage Removal Etch (DRE) was used to ensure totally damage free surface. The overall effect of enhanced light trapping and cell area enhancement due to RIE texturization lead to an absolute improvement in efficiency of 125 mm sq mc-Si solar cell up to 2.4%. The maximum efficiency of the cell with and without RIE were observed to be 15.1% and 12.7%, respectively, when processed under identical conditions. Image 0/0
NOVELTY - A silicon solar photovoltaic cell including metal contacts at the back, front emitter, means of selective configuration for simultaneous diffusion of N and P type, the cell being adapted to collect both types of generated carriers from the front emitter and also from the bulk material, through the means for simultaneous diffusion of N and P type, wherein there is provided at the metal contacts, solar grade mono and multi-crystalline wafers, thereby achieving high efficiency of the cells in the range of 20% to 22%. A method of fabricating the cell is also disclosed. Image 0/0
NOVELTY - Manufacture of transparent conductive layer (12) involves using raw material solution containing organotin compound, organic solvent, water or organic solvent-water mixed solution and surfactant(s), by spray thermal decomposition method.    USE - Manufacture of transparent conductive layer (such as tin-doped indium oxide film, fluoride-doped tin oxide film and antimony-doped tin oxide film) used for transparent electrode base material (claimed) for solar cell, antistatic sensor, plasma display panel, touch panel, and liquid crystal display of television, personal computer and portable telephone-apparatus device.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily provides transparent conductive layer with excellent reproducibility of raw material. The transparent conductive layer has uniform electroconductive characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of transparent electrode base material.    Transparent electrode base material (10)    Transparent base material (11)    Surface of transparent base material (11a)    Transparent conductive layer (12)
NOVELTY - The solar cell (10) has connection wirings (7a,7b) that are exposed from a protective film (5) and connected to lower electrode (2) and an upper electrode (4) along length sides of a strip shaped resin substrate (1) respectively. The Young's modulus of electrically conductive paste in connection wirings is smaller than the electrodes. The photo-electromotive force generated in a photoelectric converting layer (3) is collected by one end of resin substrate through wirings. The generated photo-electromotive force is picked out by the picking out electrodes (8a,8b).    USE - Solar cell for electronic timepiece (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The disconnection portion between the lower and upper electrodes is bridged by the connection wiring through the electrically conductive paste. Hence the conduction between the electrodes is maintained even a crack appears in the curve location of the metal layer. The photo-electromotive force of the solar cell is obtained efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electronic timepiece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Resin substrate (1)    Lower electrode (2)    Photoelectric converting layer (3)    Upper electrode (4)    Protective film (5)    Connection wirings (7a,7b)    Picking out electrodes (8a,8b)    Solar cell (10)
NOVELTY - The reclamation of silicon from rejected wafers and solar cells, is disclosed. The rejected silicon-containing wafers and solar cells is washed with water, cleaned with hot hydrochloric acid and thus several chlorides-including silicon chloride (SiCl_4) having different vapor pressures are generated. The obtained silicon chloride (SiCl_4) is contacted with zinc fume and thus the required silicon is obtained as solid silicon such that other metal chlorides are separated due to difference in chloride vapor pressure and different affinity of chorine to different elements, melted and further purified. Thus, the solid silicon is recovered. Image 0/0
NOVELTY - A solar cell module (100) comprises film module (102) having photovoltaic cell(s) (103) in film material, pair of protective materials positioned on both surfaces of film module, and dark or black-colored heat barrier (105a) that contains thermal insulation material which may reflect infrared light injected into film module and is positioned between protective materials.    USE - Solar cell module for roof of building e.g. outdoor building or construction building.    ADVANTAGE - Has excellent design and high durability, and contributes to generated energy improvement and energy saving of construction building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell module.    Solar cell module (100)    Film module (102)    Photovoltaic cell (103)    Heat barrier (105a)    Terminal box (106)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell has a porous n-type semiconductor electrode (2), a charge transferring layer (4) and a counter electrode (5) sequentially arranged on an electroconductive base material (1). The porous n-type semiconductor electrode contains a pigment (3). The dye-sensitized solar cell has a core-shell structure comprising porous n-type semiconductor electrode as the core, and shell layers (a,b) containing metal oxide. The shell layer (b) contains a dopant. The conduction band level of the core is higher than the conduction band level of the shell layers (a,b).    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell is used for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Electroconductive base material (1)    Porous n-type semiconductor electrode (2)    Pigment (3)    Charge transferring layer (4)    Counter electrode (5)
NOVELTY - A transfer sheet has a transfer layer formed on a transfer base material (11). The transfer layer consists of water-soluble polymeric layers (31,32) and inorganic-oxide layer (41) containing inorganic oxide. The water-soluble polymeric layers are formed using a coating liquid containing water-soluble polymer, aqueous solution of metal alkoxide(s) or its hydrolyzate, water and alcohol.    USE - Transfer sheet is used for manufacture of back surface protection sheet for solar cell (claimed) installed outdoor arcade and wall surface.    ADVANTAGE - The transfer sheet is excellent in adhesiveness and productivity. The fall of protection sheet from the solar cell, when exposed to ultraviolet ray, wind and rain, is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of transfer sheet.    Transfer base material (11)    Peeling layer (21)    Water-soluble polymeric layers (31,32)    Inorganic oxide layer (41)
NOVELTY - A process chamber (702) includes one vapor source station (708A) to deposit selenium onto the surface of precursor layer made of copper, gallium and indium and another vapor source station (708B) to deposit sodium onto the surface of precursor layer. The rollers (720) contact the back surface (701B) of workpiece (W1) within the process chamber to remove heat from the back surface of workpiece and prevent any reaction from occurring on the processed portions of the workpiece.    USE - System for forming dopant structure on front side of continuous flexible workpiece in solar cell fabrication.    ADVANTAGE - Doped compound layers for high performance solar cells can be formed effectively.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for process for forming dopant structure on front side of continuous flexible workpiece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the deposition system.    Process chamber (701)    Back surface of workpiece (701B)    Vapor source stations (708A,708B)    Rollers (720)    Workpiece (W1)
NOVELTY - A hydrolysable group-containing silane compound (A) (1) and hydrolysable group-containing silane compound (B) (2) are mixed with metal oxide fine particles to obtain surface modified metal oxide fine particles.    USE - Manufacture of surface modified metal oxide fine particles (claimed) used for ultraviolet absorber, catalyst, fluorescent substance, luminescent material and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The surface modified metal oxide fine particles are manufactured efficiently by simple method.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A hydrolysable group-containing silane compound (A) of formula: RaSiX(4-a) (1) and hydrolysable group-containing silane compound (B) of formula: SiX4 (2) are mixed with metal oxide fine particles to obtain surface modified metal oxide fine particles.    R=1-18C monovalent organic group;    X=hydrolysable group;and    a=1, 2 or 3.
NOVELTY - The substrate (1') has a main face associated to a layer based on an absorbing material i.e. chalcopyrite, and another main face. An alkaline barrier layer (9') is placed on a surface portion of the latter main face, where the barrier layer is made of dielectric material e.g. sub-stoichiometric or super-stoichiometric silicon nitride, silicon oxide, silicon oxynitride, aluminum nitride, aluminum oxide, or aluminum oxynitride. The barrier layer includes a thickness nearing 50 nanometer.    USE - Window pane function integrated substrate for use in a light collecting element (claimed) i.e. photovoltaic solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The presence of the alkaline barrier layer at rear face of the substrate avoids pollution of molybdenum based conductive layer during storage steps when the barrier layer contacts with the face of the substrate, and blocks ejection of sodium from the rear face of the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of a window pane function integrated substrate.    Window pane function integrated substrate (1')    Molybdenum based conductive layer (2)    Alkaline barrier layer (9')
NOVELTY - The module has a solar cell (10) provided with an energy producing layer (5), and a contact layer (7) formed at the energy layer backside of radiation and another contact layer. A light strengthening layer (3) e.g. n-type semiconductor layer, is formed within a side turned away from the radiation of the former contact layer, where the strengthening layer has small particles (3.1). The energy layer has a p-type light absorbing semiconductor, and the particles have a pre-determined geometry, where the small particles are selected from the group consisting of ellipsoids, cylinders, cuboids.    USE - Photovoltaic module for use in a solar power station.    ADVANTAGE - The light strengthening layer exhibits small particles, thus enabling strengthening of non-perpendicular penetrating rays of light, so that larger intensity is received, even when the rays of light penetrate perpendicularly on the solar cell. The utilization of the light strengthening layer increases radiation absorption in the energy producing layer and increases efficiency of the solar cell and/or the photovoltaic module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell of a photovoltaic module.    Light strengthening layer (3)    Particles (3.1)    Energy producing layer (5)    Contact layer (7)    Solar cell (10)
NOVELTY - An electrode (10) has primary metal nanoparticles coating layer (102) and secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer (103) sequentially formed on solid metallic substrate (100). The primary metal nanoparticles coating layer comprises material which promotes the adhesion of secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer to the electrode.    USE - Electrode is used for catalytic or electrochemical device such as electrolyzer and fuel cell (both claimed) e.g. hydrogen fuel cell for gasoline engine and diesel engine.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode is economical, and has high activity, durability, electrical efficiency and produces hydrogen in high yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode has primary metal nanoparticles coating layer and secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer sequentially formed on solid metallic substrate. The primary metal nanoparticles coating layer comprises material which promotes the adhesion of secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer to the electrode. The metal substrate is metal plate, porous wafer, foam, woven wire cloth, stainless steel or nickel, and comprises metals chosen from group 3-16 and lanthanides. The primary metal nanoparticles coating layer contains copper, gold or silver. The secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer contains metal(s) such as group 3-16, nickel, iron, cobalt, silver, tin, chromium, manganese, palladium, lanthanum, lanthanides and/or their oxides. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of nanoparticles coating electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the electrode.    Electrode (10)    Metal substrate (101)    Primary metal nanoparticles coating layer (102)    Secondary metal nanoparticles coating layer (103)
NOVELTY - The dopant material (100) for manufacturing solar cells, comprises a primary carrier (102), a dopant system including a dopant carrier (104) and dopant source (106), an adhesion promoter, and a surfactant. The primary carrier has high viscosity at an ambient temperature, is liquid with lower viscosity at an elevated temperature, and decomposes at a third temperature higher than the elevated temperature. The dopant source is stable at the third temperature. The dopant material is dispensable in a controlled manner at the elevated temperature to a defined area of a silicon substrate.    USE - The dopant material is useful for manufacturing solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The dopant material allows rapid and effective dispensation on a substrate at a lower viscosity in a controlled manner thus reducing the manufacturing cost of the solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The dopant material (100) for manufacturing solar cells, comprises a primary carrier (102), a dopant system including a dopant carrier (104) and dopant source (106), an adhesion promoter, and a surfactant. The primary carrier has high viscosity at an ambient temperature, is liquid with lower viscosity at an elevated temperature, and decomposes at a third temperature higher than the elevated temperature. The dopant source is stable at the third temperature. The dopant material is dispensable in a controlled manner at the elevated temperature to a defined area of a silicon substrate at the lower temperature. The promoter increases adhesion of the dopant material onto the silicon substrate. The surfactant modifies the surface tension of the dopant material as deposited onto the silicon substrate. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing a dopant material for use in manufacturing solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a schematic view of a dopant material.    Dopant material (100)    Primary carrier (102)    Dopant carrier (104)    Dopant source. (106)
NOVELTY - The portions at the two sides of solar battery are made of fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) conductive glass. The middle portions of TiO2 nano-tube film are dipped in electrolyte solution and in organic dyes respectively. The photoelectric conversion efficiency of dye-sensitized solar battery is 7.9% in normal condition.    USE - Titanium-di-oxide (TiO2) nano-tube based dye-sensitized solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The optical property of the dye sensitized solar battery is maintained. Hence the titanium-di-oxide nano-tube based dye sensitized solar battery can be manufactured easily at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of TiO2 nano-tube based dye sensitized solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view illustrating the manufacturing process of TiO2 nano-tube based dye-sensitized solar battery.
NOVELTY - An intermediate solid oxide fuel cell cathode material comprises (wt.%): perovskite compound oxide (40-99), cerium oxide (CeO2) (1-30) mingled with rare earth oxide and electrolyte material (0-59). The electrolyte material comprises 5-20 mol% yttria (Y2O3) stabilized zirconia (ZrO2) and/or 5-20 mol% scandia (Sc2O3) stabilized ZrO2.    USE - Cathode material for use in three-in-one component MEA of intermediate solid oxide fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cathode material can change structure of the active ingredients, catalyzes the oxidation reduction reaction, speeds up electrochemical processes such as dissociation and absorption of oxygen on the surface of cathode material, diffusion of oxygen material on surface of cathode material, diffusion of the oxygen material on surface of cathode material, transmitting process and charge transferring of the oxygen material in three-phase boundary area, and improves activity of the solid oxide fuel cell cathode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for use of the cathode material in three-in-one component membrane electrode assembly (MEA) of intermediate solid oxide fuel cell. The MEA comprises anode base (1), electrolyte film (2) and cathode (3). The cathode is made from the cathode material and sintered at 1000-1300 degrees C with thickness being controlled at 10-100 mu m.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of MEA.    Anode base (1)    Electrolyte film (2)    Cathode (3)
NOVELTY - Coumarin hemi-cyanine dye is new.    USE - The coumarin hemi-cyanine dye is useful in solar battery sensitized by organic dye, organic electroluminescent element, fluorescent dye, laser dye, and biomolecule probe    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Coumarin hemi-cyanine dye of general formula (I), is new.
NOVELTY - A multilayer modulation-doped transparent conductive oxide thin film comprises substrate and a zinc oxide barrier layer and a modulation-doped layer in back of substrate. The modulation-doped layer comprises aluminum-doped magnesium zinc oxide, unalloyed magnesium zinc oxide, zinc oxide with oxygen vacancies, aluminum-doped magnesium zinc oxide, unalloyed magnesium zinc oxide, and zinc oxide with oxygen vacancies. The aluminum-doped magnesium zinc oxide layer has wide energy gap. The zinc oxide with oxygen vacancies layer has a narrow energy gap.    USE - A multilayer modulation-doped transparent conductive oxide thin film for electrooptical device, e.g. solar battery, or transparent electronic device, e.g. LCD.    ADVANTAGE - The multilayer modulation-doped structure does not lose optical transmission of semiconductor device. It solves the problem of scattering foreign ions in transparent conductive oxide thin film, increases carrier hole mobility, and improves electrical property of the device.
NOVELTY - An electrode catalyst is produced using ruthenium-containing metal microparticle supported on electrically conductive carbon carrier. A compound having specific formula is used as precursor of ruthenium.    USE - Production of electrode catalyst for fuel cell such as direct methanol type fuel cell, and mobile telephones.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode catalyst has improved methanol oxidation activity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode catalyst is manufactured using ruthenium-containing metal microparticle supported on electrically conductive carbon carrier. A compound having specific formula is used as precursor of ruthenium. The compound is of formula: M2RuX6, where M is hydrogen, lithium, sodium, potassium and/or ammonium, and X is chlorine, bromine, iodine and/or nitrate. The method further involves performing supporting process using ruthenium complex (H2RuCl6), as ruthenium raw material.
NOVELTY - The method involves washing a surface of a substrate i.e. glass substrate, and performing radio frequency sputtering process by using a titanium oxide target at high pressure. The temperature of the glass substrate is maintained to be about 25-450 degree centigrade. A porous titanium oxide layer is formed on the glass substrate after the sputtering process. The glass substrate is coated with indium-doped tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, antimony-doped tin oxide and indium-doped zinc oxide.    USE - Method for manufacturing a working electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The reproducibility of the electrode is improved, and the durability of the dye-sensitized solar cell is improved using the electrode. The reliability of the device is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a pictorial representation of surface of a substrate on which titanium oxide layer is formed.
NOVELTY - A power supply electrode (106) electrically feeds high frequency electric power, and is connected to high frequency electrode (110). The power supply electrode confronts high frequency electrode. The high frequency electrode has gas accumulation portion (111) to store gas for performing film-formation process and several holes (114) for supplying collected gas to substrate (17). A gas distribution hole (131) is formed inside the power supply electrode to introduce gas into gas accumulation portion.    USE - Plasma apparatus e.g. capacitive coupling type plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus for use in manufacture of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Uniformity in film thickness can be realized by forming a gas distribution path inside the power supply electrode confronting high frequency electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the plasma apparatus.    Substrate (17)    Power supply electrode (106)    High frequency electrode (110)    Gas accumulation portion (111)    Holes (114)    Gas distribution hole (131)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide film comprises a crystal film (2) formed by the crystal growth of crystal grains (2a) of metal oxide on a substrate (1). Several conductive fibers (3) are dispersed in the crystal film. The conductive fibers consist of carbon nanotube simple substance and/or metal nanowire simple substance. The crystal film comprises zinc oxide optionally doped with aluminum, gallium, boron and/or indium, tin oxide optionally doped with fluorine and/or antimony, titanium oxide optionally doped with niobium, or indium oxide.    USE - Metal oxide film is used for transparent electrode (claimed) of liquid crystal display, solar cell and transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The conductive fibers are uniformly dispersed in the crystal film. The metal oxide film having high electroconductivity and mechanical strength, is manufactured simply.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for formation of metal oxide film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic expanded sectional view of metal oxide film formed on substrate.    Substrate (1)    Crystal film (2)    Crystal grains (2a)    Conductive fiber (3)    Crack (11)    Pinhole (12)    Crystal grain boundary (13)
NOVELTY - An organic thin film solar cell has a mesh electrode (2) and an electroconductive polymeric layer (3) formed in the opening portion of the mesh electrode, and provide a hole. A photoelectric converting layer (4) is formed on the mesh electrode and electroconductive polymeric layer. A counter electrode (5) is formed on the photoelectric converting layer. The mesh electrode contains silver.    USE - Organic thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic thin film solar cell has excellent electric charge extraction efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the organic thin film solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Mesh electrode (2)    Electroconductive polymeric layer (3)    Photoelectric converting layer (4)    Counter electrode (5)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system comprises fuel cells (104a,104b), and a detection unit for detecting information regarding electromotive force of fuel cell (104b). The fuel cells have electrolytic membranes (170a,170b) interposed between anode (172) to which fuel aqueous solution is supplied and cathode (174) to which oxidizing agent is supplied. The fuel cell (104b) has large change of electromotive force with respect to change of concentration of fuel aqueous solution than fuel cell (104a).    USE - Fuel cell system is used for transporting apparatus (claimed) e.g. motor vehicles, and for personal computer and portable apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system has high output efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of structure of fuel cell.    Fuel cells (104a,104b)    Electrolytic membranes (170a,170b)    Anode (172)    Cathode (174)    Catalyst layer (178)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen supply system (10) has a hollow cylindrical hydride containing structure (5) having a uniform cross section extending along its length direction. An inner heater (1) is provided in the center of the hollow cylindrical hydride containing structure, and an outer heater (2) is provided inside the outer insulated tank (8) concentric with the inner heater. The inner and outer heaters are movable in one direction within the hollow cylindrical hydride containing structure, and have different heating capability.    USE - Hydrogen supply system for fuel cell system used in fuel cell electric vehicle (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogen supply system equipped with the heating structure ensures stable supply of hydrogen to the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective views of the hydrogen supply system, inner heater and outer heater.    Inner heater (1)    Outer heater (2)    Hydride containing structure (5)    Insulated tank (8)    Hydrogen supply system (10)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (100) has several film formation chambers (131-135) that are arranged at intervals (L2) which is an integer multiple of length (L1) of film forming region (AR10). A substrate (111) having several marker holes (159) formed along longitudinal direction, at intervals equal to interval between film forming chambers, is conveyed from conveyance chamber (201) to a common chamber (202). A marker sensor (155) comprising an optical transmitter (155a) and a photodetector (155b), feeds substrate to film formation chambers based on detection of marker hole.    USE - Thin film production apparatus for use in formation of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the substrate is fed to film formation chambers based on detection of marker hole, several film formation regions are formed on the substrate without gap, thus improving utilization factor of flexible substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the thin film production apparatus.    Thin film production apparatus (100)    Substrate (111)    Film formation chambers (131-135)    Marker sensor (155)    Optical transmitter (155a)    Photodetector (155b)    Marker hole (159)    Conveyance chamber (201)    Common chamber (202)    Film forming region (AR10)    Length of film forming region (L1)    Interval between film formation chambers (L2)
NOVELTY - A fuel electrode (10) has a fuel electrode gas diffusion layer (12) formed on a surface of an anode catalyst layer (11). An air electrode (20) has an air electrode gas diffusion layer (22) formed on a surface of a cathode catalyst layer (21). An electrolytic membrane (30) is clamped between the anode catalyst layer and the cathode catalyst layer. The metal density of the cathode catalyst layer is smaller than that of the anode catalyst layer.    USE - Electrode film structure for fuel cell (claimed) e.g. direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC). Can also be used in fuel cell using glycol, ethanol, propanol, glycol, dimethyl ether, formic acid as fuel, and passive type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalytic reaction efficiency can be improved and the crossover generation can be reduced. Hence the power can be generated stably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the electrode film structure.    Fuel electrode (10)    Anode catalyst layer (11)    Fuel electrode gas diffusion layer (12)    Air electrode (20)    Cathode catalyst layer (21)    Air electrode gas diffusion layer (22)    Electrolytic membrane (30)
NOVELTY - A solid electrolyte consists of silica type mesoporous substance having mesopores. The mesoporous substance has ion-exchange-capacity functional group and aromatic-ring-containing group bonded to silicon atom of wall surface of mesopore through bivalent hydrocarbon group chosen from alkylene group, alkenylene group and/or alkynylene group.    USE - Solid electrolyte is used for electrolytic membrane of fuel cell, all-solid battery and sensors.    ADVANTAGE - The solid electrolyte has high water resistance, and excellent proton conductivity even under low humidity conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid electrolyte consists of silica type mesoporous substance having mesopores. The mesoporous substance has ion-exchange-capacity functional group and aromatic-ring-containing group bonded to silicon atom of wall surface of mesopore through bivalent hydrocarbon group chosen from alkylene group, alkenylene group and/or alkynylene group. The content of silicon atom bonded with ion-exchange-capacity functional group and aromatic-ring-containing group through bivalent hydrocarbon group, is 2-30 mol% with respect to total amount of silicon atom in the silica type mesoporous substance. The aromatic-ring-containing group has 1-4 aromatic rings, and is chosen from phenyl, naphthyl, anthryl, tetracenyl, biphenyl, terphenyl, phenalenyl, phenanthrenyl, chrysenyl, tetraphenyl, pyrenyl group and/or triphenylenyl. The ion-exchange-capacity functional group is chosen from sulfonic-acid group, phosphoric-acid group and/or a carboxylic acid group. The bivalent hydrocarbon group is chosen from 1-6C alkylene group, 2-6C alkenylene group and/or 2-6C alkynylene group.
NOVELTY - An organic thin film solar cell (10) has substrate (1), electrode layer (I) (2) formed on the substrate, photoelectric converting layer (3) which is formed on the electrode layer (I) and contains fullerene derivative and electron-donating material and electrode layer (II) (4) formed on photoelectric converting layer. The fullerene derivative has a substituent and two types of position isomers. The ratio of the one of the position isomer and fullerene derivative in photoelectric converting layer is 95% or more.    USE - Organic thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic thin film solar cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic thin film solar cell has substrate, electrode layer (I) formed on the substrate, photoelectric converting layer which is formed on the electrode layer (I) and contains fullerene derivative (C70) and electron-donating material and electrode layer (II) formed on photoelectric converting layer. The fullerene derivative has a substituent and two types of position isomers. The ratio of the one of the position isomer and fullerene derivative in photoelectric converting layer is 95% or more. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of organic thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the organic thin film solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Electrode layers (2,4)    Photoelectric conversion efficiency (3)    Hole extraction layer (5)    Organic thin film solar cell (10)
NOVELTY - A transparent electrode base material (10) comprises transparent base material (11), transparent conductive layer (12) arranged on surface (11a) of the transparent base material, and intermediate layer (13) arranged between transparent base material and transparent conductive layer. The intermediate layer contains indium oxide including transition element and/or gallium. The transition element is titanium, zirconium or molybdenum.    USE - Transparent electrode base material is used for solar cell, plasma display panel, and liquid crystal display of television, personal computer and portable telephone-apparatus device.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrode base material has improved electrical conductivity and mobility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of transparent electrode base material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic view of transparent electrode base material.    Transparent electrode base material (10)    Transparent base material (11)    Surface of transparent base material (11a)    Transparent conductive layer (12)    Intermediate layer (13)
NOVELTY - A plasma enhanced thin film deposition apparatus (20) receives pulsed power and reactive gas, for performing plasma discharging to ionize the reactive gas into several radicals. A plasma monitoring apparatus (30) has an optical emission spectroscope (31) that detects the spectrum intensity of the radicals. A pulsed plasma modulation device (32) connected to the spectroscope, calculates the spectrum intensity ratio of the radicals, so as to modulate the pulsed plasma parameter.    USE - System for performing plasma enhanced thin film deposition during manufacture of silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides high deposition rate by appropriately calculating the spectrum intensity ratio of the radicals, thus achieving the real-time monitoring of the thin film deposition quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for forming plasma enhanced thin film deposition.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the system for performing plasma enhanced thin film deposition.    System for forming plasma enhanced thin film deposition (10)    Plasma enhanced thin film deposition apparatus (20)    Plasma monitoring apparatus (30)    Optical emission spectroscope (31)    Pulsed plasma modulation device (32)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor photovoltaic device has a semiconductor substrate (20) that has two surfaces that are opposing each other. Several trenches are extending into a semiconductor substrate from planar surface of the semiconductor substrate. A dopant region (24) is formed in the semiconductor substrate near the planar surface and trenches. A coating layer (28) is formed on the semiconductor substrate. A conductive layer (29) is formed on other surface (25) of the semiconductor substrate.    USE - Semiconductor photovoltaic device e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The trenches are extended into semiconductor substrate from planar surface of the semiconductor substrate and so the reflectivity of the semiconductor substrate is reduced. The solar light incident on the semiconductor substrate are absorbed and converted into an electrical energy due to the reduction in reflectivity of substrate. Hence the conversion efficiency of the semiconductor photovoltaic device is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of semiconductor photovoltaic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the semiconductor photovoltaic device.    Semiconductor substrate (20)    Dopant region (24)    One surface of semiconductor substrate (25)    Coating layer (28)    Conductive layer (29)
NOVELTY - A conductive polymer composition contains dispersion of polythiophene having repeating unit (1), dopant and water-soluble organic compound. The particle size distribution of the dispersion of polythiophene has two or more peaks.    USE - Conductive polymer composition is used for forming transparent conductive film for forming electrode for liquid crystal display, plasma display, electroluminescent display, electrochromic display, solar cell, touch panel, capacitor and secondary battery, polymeric semiconductor component, antistatic coating, antistatic packaging material, electromagnetic shielding material, transfer belt, image development roll, electrical charging roll and transfer roller.    ADVANTAGE - The conductive polymer composition forms conductive film with excellent electroconductivity and durability and favorable transparency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A conductive polymer composition contains dispersion of polythiophene having repeating unit of formula (1), dopant and water-soluble organic compound. The particle size distribution of the dispersion of polythiophene has two or more peaks.    R1,R2=H, 1-10C alkyl or (un)substituted 1-10C alkylene.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of conductive polymer composition.
NOVELTY - A cadmium telluride (CdTe) membrane surface corrosion comprises introducing CdTe membrane into corrosive liquid including nitric acid, glacial acetic acid, deionized water and sodium acetate (NaAc) at 20-50 degrees C for 1-15 minutes; using deionized water for rinsing corroded CdTe membrane and drying with nitrogen; and depositing back contact layer (B) and back contact (M) on CdTe membrane sample.    USE - Method for CdTe membrane surface corrosion useful for preparing for CdTe solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enhances property of solar battery and guarantees stability and repetitiveness of device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-sectional view illustrating a cadmium telluride membrane.    back contact layer; (B)    Glass substrate (G)    Back contact (M)    Conducting film (T)    Cadmium sulfide (W)
NOVELTY - The nickel expansion alloy comprises chemical ingredients, all in terms of weight percentage, including 18.0-24.0 percent of molybdenum, 10.0-14.0 percent of chromium, 2.5-3.5 percent of cobalt, 3.5-4.5 percent of tungsten, 1.0-1.5 percent of titanium, 0.8-1.2 percent of manganese, equal to or less than 0.05 percent of silicon, equal to or less than 0.02 percent of lanthanum, equal to or less than 0.01 percent of yttrium, equal to or less than 0.05 percent of carbon, equal to or less than 0.005 percent of sulfur, and equal to or less than 0.005 percent of phosphorus, and remaining is nickel.    USE - Nickel expansion alloy for making intermediate-temperature flat solid oxide fuel cell metal connector.    ADVANTAGE - Obtains metal connector with better expansive compatibility with the surrounding materials in the working environment, achieves good pyroconductivity, antioxygenic property, and mechanical property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph of the alloy tension versus temperature. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - The preparing method involves immersing a glass substrate with a polystyrene microsphere colloidal crystal template into a titanium dioxide prodromic solution diluted by an alcohol solvent for a period of 10 seconds. The glass substrate filled with the solution is drawn out and dried at a temperature of 30 degrees Celsius in a baking oven for 1 hour. A prepared product is warmed up to 450 degrees Celsius in an electric cooker at a speed of 2 degrees Celsius per minute. Heat is preserved for 3 hours to prepare a macropore-mesoporous structure nanocrystal titanium dioxide film.    USE - Preparing method for macropore-mesoporous nanocrystal titanium dioxide film used in dye-sensitized solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Enables formation of macropore-mesoporous nanocrystal titanium dioxide film with high specific surface area, ordered structure and excellent light transmission property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the microscopic view of macropore-mesoporous nanocrystal titanium dioxide film.
NOVELTY - Purification of a photovoltaic silicon comprises separating a detrimental impurity in a fused silicon utilizing a segregation effect from a silicon in a liquid state at 1500-1600 degrees C.    USE - Purification of a photovoltaic silicon used for solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a flowchart of the method for the purification of the photovoltaic silicon.
NOVELTY - A non-crystalline transparent conductive oxide film comprises tungsten-doped tin dioxide film obtained by pulse plasma deposition technology. The film has thickness of 50-120 nm, and comprises 0.5-5 mass% tungsten (based on mass% of tin dioxide).    USE - A non-crystalline transparent conductive oxide film for panel display, photoelectric sensor and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The film has good optical and electric performances of low electrical resistivity, high transport factor of current carrier, high transmittivity of visible light range and high transmittivity of the near infrared range
NOVELTY - A substituted acrylate (1) and bismuthiol are mixed in the mol ratio of 1-6:1 and reacted in an inert medium at atmospheric pressure and temperature of -10-60?oC. The reaction temperature is maintained and an oxidant is added to the reaction mixture. Then, an acid catalyst is added drop by drop, the pH is adjusted to -1 to 4 and the reaction mixture is reacted for 0.5-2 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered and washed using alcohol detergent for 1-10 times. Then, the reaction mixture is dried in vacuum at 45-60?oC, to obtain yellow solid powder of intrinsic conducting polymer.    USE - Manufacture of intrinsic conducting polymer used as conducting polymer film in solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method simply, efficiently and economically provides intrinsic conducting polymer with copolymerization type with excellent solubility in organic solution. The intrinsic conducting polymer provides flexible film with excellent conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A substituted acrylate of formula (1) and bismuthiol are mixed in the mol ratio of 1-6:1 and reacted in an inert medium at atmospheric pressure and temperature of -10-60?oC. The reaction temperature is maintained and an oxidant (2-10 mol%) is added to the reaction mixture. Then, an acid catalyst (1-5 mol%) is added drop by drop, the pH is adjusted to -1 to 4 and the reaction mixture is reacted for 0.5-2 hours. The reaction mixture is filtered and washed using alcohol detergent for 1-10 times. Then, the reaction mixture is dried in vacuum at 45-60?oC, to obtain yellow solid powder of intrinsic conducting polymer. The amount of substituted acrylate (1) and bismuthiol is 5-10 mol% with respect to total amount of the reactant. The substituted acrylate is of formula: CH2=C(OR1)(COOR2) (1).    R1,R2=H or alkyl.    OR1 can be substituted by hydrogen.
NOVELTY - Organic dye has quinolinecarboxylic acid.    USE - Organic dye for producing dye-sensitized solar cell (Claimed), and for use as a sensitizing agent for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic dye produces the dye-sensitized solar cell with improved cell efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The quinolinecarboxylic acid has general formula (I).R0 and R1=radicals, which are generated from aromatic hydrocarbon of general formulae (II-XIV).    A=O or S;    B=O or S, where A and B are not O or S at the same time; and    R3-R28=hydrogen, hydroxyls, alkanals, cylcoalkyls, alkoxyls, aroxyls, aralkyls, alkylthios, halogen alkyls or halogens.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for a dye-sensitized solar cell produces from dye-sensitized solar cell, which has a conductive layer, photo-absorbing layer, reduction layer and a counter electrode, which are provided between two transparent substrate layers.
NOVELTY - A silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint comprises (wt.%) silanol salt (5-20), solvent (70-90), basic catalyst (0.5-2), and additive (0.01-1).    USE - The silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint is useful in producing solar battery components (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The prepared silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint can be firmly attached, and resist the aging process, and the transmission of rays of ferroan glass can be improved by more than 5%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are:    (1) a method for preparing the silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint; and    (2) an application of the silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint, comprising immersing the cleaned ferroan glass into the silicon oxide-bearing nano-paint; getting the ferroan glass out of the liquid surface from the membrane plating groove with constant velocity; and placing into the steel furnace to solidify the coating by the reinforcement process of glass.
NOVELTY - An electric slurry for frontal electrode of solar battery comprises electric metal silver powder, glass powder, and organic carrier; where the organic phase supplies proper thixotropic; the slurry has good printing capability; and the battery has good integrated electric capability.    USE - The electric slurry is useful for frontal electrode of solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electric slurry for frontal electrode of solar battery have good printing capability. Moreover, it adopts two cellulose having different viscosities as thickener; where it improves the thixotropic of the slurry that has good printing capability; the edge of the printed electrode gird line is regular; the slump is small; and the verticality is good. Additionally, the battery sheet printed by using the slurry has higher short circuit current and filling factor, smaller series-wound resistance, and high light-transformation efficiency. The battery has good electrode mechanical property.
NOVELTY - The component has an aluminum-alloy backboard provided with multiple crossed thin depressed expansion curves with a crisscross pattern. A solar battery is set among the expansion curves on the aluminum-alloy backboard. An interconnection strip at the back of the solar battery and an electrode lead, and an ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) adhesive film are separately coated with a polyester thin film strip, where total length of a polyester thin film strip is same with length of the interconnection strip of the solar battery and the electrode lead.    USE - Solar battery component for a water-cooling photovoltaic-heat integrated device. Can also be used as a routine flat solar component.    ADVANTAGE - The interconnection strip at the back of the solar battery and the electrode lead, and the ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA) adhesive film are separately coated with the polyester thin film strip, thus improving the electric insulation. The component effectively disperses the heat emitted by the solar battery in the atmosphere or directly transmits the heat to the cooling water via the aluminum-alloy backboard with good heat radiation performance, thus reducing the working temperature of the solar battery, and hence improving the actual solar conversion efficiency of the solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar battery component.
NOVELTY - A dielectric passivation layer (3) is deposited on a rear face of a crystalline silicon substrate (2). The nanometer imprinting technology is adopted for transferring the graph on a standard mold board (1) to the crystalline silicon substrate. The wet chemical etching or plasma etching is performed for the local contact area on the dielectric passivation layer. A rear contact electrode (5) and the substrate form an ohmic contact in the etched local contact area.    USE - Local rear contact preparing method for crystalline silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the local rear contact preparation process for the solar cell.    Standard mold board (1)    Crystalline silicon substrate (2)    Dielectric passivation layer (3)    Polymeric layer (4)    Rear contact electrode (5)
NOVELTY - The method involves depositing an aluminum layer (2) at back of a silicon crystal substrate (1). The aluminum layer is utilized as an anode oxidization aluminum hole array (3) by oxidizing an anode, where anode oxidization aluminum holes of the array pass through the aluminum layer. A back contact electrode (4) is deposited on the anode oxidization aluminum hole array such that the back contact electrode forms an ohmic contact through the anode oxidization aluminum holes and the silicon crystal substrate.    USE - Method for preparing local back contact of a silicon crystal solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently executes an annealing process such that the back contact electrode can form the ohmic contact through the anode oxidization aluminum holes and the silicon crystal substrate in an effective manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating a method for preparing local back contact.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Silicon crystal substrate (1)    Aluminum layer (2)    Anode oxidization aluminum hole array (3)    Back contact electrode (4)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a transparent solar battery system, which mainly comprises a light-pervious solar battery system. The light-previous solar battery system comprises a light-pervious solar energy transforming apparatus, an equilibrium unit and a conducting wire providing for electric connection; wherein a transparent photovoltaic element in the light-pervious solar energy transforming apparatus is a PN semiconductor structure composed of two transparent conducting thin films, whose raw material is oxide. Because the light-pervious solar battery system can use the general glass or plastic as the substrate material, the disclosed transparent solar battery system possesses advantages of environmentally-protecting, light-weighed and simpler preparation procedures, cheaper processing costs, etc., which, thus, can be extensively applied on the glass door/window of buildings and vehicle so that the utility of solar energy can be greatly enhanced.
NOVELTY - A polymer electrolyte is formed by adding a nanocomposite of layered double hydride to a polyethylene glycolarylate.    USE - Polymer electrolyte is used for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer electrolyte provides dye-sensitized solar cell having high photo conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of polymer electrolyte, which involves mixing magnesium nitrate hexahydrate and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate, adding 2M sodium hydroxide and 0.2M sodium nitrate into resulting mixture, maintaining the formed solution at 60-70 degrees C for 4-6 minutes, filter-separating the deposited substance and drying in an oven at 40 degrees C, add-mixing lithium trifluoromethane sulfonate/ethylene carbonate/propylene carbonate salt, and adding peroxide initiator and polyethylene glycolarylate.
NOVELTY - The system has a solar cell module arranged in a rectangular module frame. The solar cell module is arranged with a solar cell module panel (200). The solar cell module is set up in a spandrel part of a building, and produces power from sunlight. The solar cell module is chosen from a group consisting of glass to glass type solar cell module and insulating glass type solar cell module. The solar cell module is provided with a wire and a connector. A polyurethanes insulation system is coupled to a peripheral part of the module frame.    USE - Curtain wall system for a building.    ADVANTAGE - The system secures energy supply and demand capability by utilizing auxiliary power production. The system is convenient to repair. The solar cell module can be efficiently applied to the spandrel part of the building. The system utilizes the polyurethanes insulation system, thus minimizing heat loss and improving thermal ability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a curtain wall system.    Solar cell module panel (200)    Polyamide insulation system (304)    Steel sheet (305)    Adiabatic material (306)    Back panel (307)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a counter electrode, and forming an ion reducing catalyst (2) made of platinum or activated charcoal or carbon in a conductive metal net (1). Two working electrodes are bound with a thermoplastic resin (5). A dye made of ruthenium complex is absorbed by a conductive transparent board (6) made of polymer film or glass, where the board is provided in a nanocrystalline oxide layer (4) made of titanium dioxide, tin ash, or zinc oxide. A thermoplastic resin electrolyte is injected in a space formed between a counter electrode and the working electrodes.    USE - Method for manufacturing a sandwich type dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the efficiency of the sandwich type dye-sensitized solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a sandwich type dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a sandwich type dye-sensitized solar cell manufactured by the method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Conductive metal net (1)    Ion reducing catalyst (2)    Electrolyte solution (3)    Nanocrystalline oxide layer (4)    Thermoplastic resin (5)    Conductive transparent board (6)
NOVELTY - A fullerene compound (1) substituted with 1,3-diketone derivative is new.    USE - Novel fullerene compound substituted with 1,3-diketone derivative is used for organic electronic device, organic light emitting device, organic solar cell, organophotoreceptor, organic memory and organic transistor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The novel fullerene compound substituted with 1,3-diketone derivative has excellent solubility. The organic electronic device containing fullerene compound has excellent electroconductivity and quantum efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fullerene compound substituted with 1,3-diketone derivative of formula (1) is new.    R 1,R 2=H, 4-30C heteroaryl, 1-30C (un)saturated alkyl, 6-30C alkyl, aryl or heteroaryl, (un)saturated heterocycloalkyl, hydroxyl, carboxylic acid, amino, 1-30C mono or di-alkyl amino, 1-30C alkylcarbonyl, 1-30C alkoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, phenoxy, cyano or nitro, or 6-30C alkyl, 4-30C heteroaryl, 3-30C cycloalkyl optionally having substituent such as oxygen, nitrogen, or sulfur;    A=60C fullerene derivative, 72C fullerene derivative, 76C fullerene derivative, 78C fullerene derivative or 84C fullerene derivative;and    n=1 or 2.
NOVELTY - The solar cell (100) has an electrolyte layer (150) arranged between a transparent electrode (110) and an opposing electrode (120). A metal oxide film (130) is coated on the surface of the transparent electrode, using spin coating, dip coating, printing or sputtering technique. Quantum dot particles are coated on the metal oxide film to form a quantum dot film (140) of thickness 5-500nm, after drying the metal oxide film at a temperature of 50-100 degrees C.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Lights of different wavelengths can be efficiently absorbed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the solar cell.    Solar cell (100)    Transparent electrode (110)    Opposing electrode (120)    Metal oxide film (130)    Quantum dot film (140)    Electrolyte layer (150)
NOVELTY - A fullerene derivative including thiophene in side chain is new.    USE - A fullerene derivative for use as electron receptor in an organic solar battery (claimed) and also for superconducting materials, catalyst material, lubricant, biomaterial, and nonlinear optical material.    ADVANTAGE - The fullerene derivative has increased solubility, electrochemical stability and physico-chemical properties and improved energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fullerene derivative of formula (I) is new.    R=1-12C alkyl; and    n=1-5.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparing the fullerene derivative of formula (I).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of the results of an organic solar cell including the fullerene derivative.
NOVELTY - A crystalline silicon thin film layer (3) is formed in presence of metal catalyst. Then, the formed film is laminated on the silicide layer (2) and is grown by supplying silicon. A metal layer is formed on the upper surface of the substrate (1) and forms silicidate through the silicide layer. Thus, the silicon thin film is formed.    USE - Formation of silicon thin film for electronic component (claimed) such as flat panel display device and solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method is economical, has excellent conductivity and photoelectric property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the silicon thin-film.    Substrate (1)    Silicide layer (2)    Silicon thin film layer (3)
NOVELTY - Solar electroplate uni-sheet (100) comprises a roof material sheet (10), adhesive layers (14,20) and a sunlight electric plate (30). The roof material sheet comprises a base layer (11) and upper and lower sheet layers (12,13). A surface processing layer (15) is coated on outside of an adhesive layer. The upper and lower sheet layers comprise polypropylene, which is thermoplastic polyolefin resin. The adhesive layer (14) comprises resin solid, which is made of 5-20% of polyurethane-cyano acrylate resin with a solvent selected from methyl ethyl ketone, dimethylformamide or ethylene acetate.    USE - Solar electroplate uni-sheet for installing on outside of building or outside roof.    ADVANTAGE - The solar electroplate uni-sheet has excellent damage prevention effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar electroplate uni-sheet.    Roof material sheet (10)    Base layer (11)    Upper and lower sheet layers (12,13)    Adhesive layers (14,20)    Surface processing layer (15)    Sunlight electric plate (30)    Solar electroplate uni-sheet (100)
NOVELTY - A material containing carbon is treated with ozone. An electrochemical electrode containing ozone-exposed material is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of electrochemical electrode used in electrochemical apparatus, such as dye sensitized solar cell, battery, hydrogen fuel cell and electro analytical instrument (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrochemical electrode capable of providing increased catalytic activity in electrochemical device is manufactured.
NOVELTY - The system has a power conversion device for supplying water from a water source to a solar battery, and electrolyzing the water. A solar battery is utilized for collecting a light energy of a sunlight. A controller is utilized for controlling each element. A solar cell generating system shows an open circuit voltage and a maximum voltage point.    USE - Photovoltaic-solid polymer electrolyte system.    ADVANTAGE - The system improves the energy efficiency, increases the hydrogen and oxygen production amount, and increases the maximum power of the solar cell generating system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a photovoltaic-solid polymer electrolyte system.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - An organic electroluminescent polymer having fluorene-containing structural units (1-3), is new.    USE - Organic electroluminescent polymer used in organic electroluminescent device (claimed) as host material. Can also be used in solar cell and thin film transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The organic electroluminescent polymer has high solubility, thermal stability, high glass transition temperature, excellent film formability and produces organic electroluminescent device with high quantum efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic electroluminescent polymer having fluorene-containing structural units chosen from formula: -(X)x-(Ar1)y-(Ar2)z- (1) and of formulae (2,3), is new.    X=group of formula (1a);    A=aryl optionally substituted by optionally branched 1-20C chain type alkyl or alkoxy group optionally containing hetero atom chosen from fluorine, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and silicon, or 2-4C aryl group having hetero ring and optionally substituted by optionally branched 1-20C chain type alkyl or alkoxy group having hetero atom chosen from fluorine, sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorus and silicon;    Ar=aryl optionally substituted by optionally branched 1-20C chain type alkyl or alkoxy group;    R=aryl optionally substituted by optionally branched 1-20C chain type alkyl or alkoxy group;    Ar1=aryl amine group optionally substituted by optionally branched 1-20C chain type alkyl or alkoxy group;    Ar2=optionally substituted 6-60C aromatic group and/or 6-60C hetero aromatic group;    x,k,l,a=1-10000;    y,m,b=0-10000;    z,c=4-100000;    x/y,a/b,(k+l)/m=1/19 or more;    (x+y):z,(a+b):c,(k+l+m):n=5:95-20:80;and    n=8-100000.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the structure of organic electroluminescent device.    Substrate (11)    Anode (12)    Hole transport layer (13)    Light-emitting layer (14)    Electron transport layer (15)    Cathode (16)
NOVELTY - A methanofullerene compound (1) is new.    USE - Novel methanofullerene compound is used for organic electronic device, organic solar cell, organophotoreceptor, organic memory device and organic transistor (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The methanofullerene compound has excellent stability and photoluminescence efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A methanofullerene compound of formula (1) is new.    R 1=6-30C aryl or 4-30C heteroaryl, where aryl or heteroaryl is optionally saturated ter-hept-heterocycloalkyl having optionally branched (un)saturated 1-30C alkyl, 1-30C alkoxy, 6-30C aryl, 6-30C arylene, 4-30C heteroaryl, 3-30C cycloalkyl, oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur in hetero ring and substituted by substituents chosen from hydroxy, carboxylic acid, amino, mono or di-1-30C alkylamino, 1-30C alkylcarbonyl, 1-30C alkoxycarbonyl, benzoyl, phenoxy, cyano, nitro or fluorine group, and the alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylalkyl, arylalkoxy, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, heterocycloalkyl, alkylcarbonyl or alkoxycarbonyl is optionally substituted by fluorine groups;    R 2=optionally branched (un)saturated 1-30C alkyl, 6-30C aryl or 4-30C heteroaryl optionally substituted by fluorine atom;    A=fullerene derivative having 60C, 72C, 76C, 78C or 84C;and    n=1-7.
NOVELTY - A material (A) contains symmetrical cyclohexane (1) or asymmetrical cyclohexane (2-7), as a dopant.    USE - Material used for organic electro-optical device (claimed) such as organic electroluminescent device, solar battery and transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The material provides organic electro-optical device having excellent luminous efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A material (A) contains symmetrical cyclohexane of formula (1) or asymmetrical cyclohexane of formulae (2-7), as a dopant.    X1-X10=C or N;    R1-R10=H, (un)substituted aryl, (un)substituted heteroaryl, (un)substituted alkyl, (un)substituted amino, (un)substituted alkoxy, halogen, nitro, (un)substituted arylene, (un)substituted heteroarylene, or (un)substituted alkylene;    Ra-Rd=H, or 1-10C alkyl;    Re=H, 1-10C amino, halogen, 1-10C alkyl, or 1-10C alkoxy;    n,m=1-3;and    k=1-10.
NOVELTY - An aluminum layer and a silicon layer are sequentially formed on surface of a glass substrate and etching process is performed to form a silicon thin film board. The aluminum layer deposited on glass substrate at 200-250 degrees C.    USE - Manufacture of silicon thin film board used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method provides silicon thin film board has excellent heat resistance.
NOVELTY - The solar battery wafer has N-type semiconductor substrate which is etched using acid solution for forming micro projections on the surface. The surface of N-type semiconductor substrate is etched using alkaline solution for forming convex particulate on micro projection surface. The N-type semiconductor substrate is doped by mono crystal line silicon and polysilicon for forming P-type semiconductor layer on the N-type semiconductor. The N-type semiconductor substrate is connected with the P-type semiconductor substrate for forming the electric output electrodes.    USE - Solar battery wafer.    ADVANTAGE - The light reflection rate by the multiplex etching structure can be reduced and the photoelectric transformation efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of solar battery wafer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar battery wafer with multiplex etching structure.
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar-cell photo-anode has a dye monomolecular layer and titanium oxide or zinc oxide nano porous membrane substrate mounted on a transparent conductive glass. The surface of the nano porous membrane substrate is reacted to deposit a nano silicon dioxide layer with amino group on which the dye monomolecular layer is adsorbed to form photo-anode.    USE - Photo-anode is used for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell formed using the photo-anode has excellent photoelectric transformation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized solar-cell photo-anode has a dye monomolecular layer and titanium oxide or zinc oxide nano porous membrane substrate mounted on a transparent conductive glass. The surface of the nano porous membrane substrate is reacted to deposit a nano silicon dioxide layer with amino group on which the dye monomolecular layer is adsorbed to form photo-anode. The photo-anode is prepared using a mixed solution of tetraethyl orthosilicate, cyclohexane, alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant, ammonia and silane coupling agent. The alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether surfactant is NP-40 (RTM: polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether). The silane coupling agent has an amino group. The silane coupling agent is KH550 (RTM: gamma -3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane). The dye is cis bis (thiocyanide)-bis-(4,4-dicarboxylic acid-2,2-dipyridine)ruthenium or its derivative, or inorganic luminescent quantum dot dye. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of photo-anode for dye-sensitized solar cell.
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell packaging technique comprises opening two fill orifices on each light anode film, uniformly printing titanium dioxide (TiO2) on glass base plate, where the formed film covers the orifices and outer rim is formed on the glass base plate and a space is formed on TiO2 film blocks; printing the low glass powder in the space and on the outer rim of TiO2 film blocks; and injecting dye, putting at room temperature for 24 hours to absorb the dye on TiO2 film blocks, injecting electrolyte via fill orifice, and packaging using low glass powder.    USE - A dye-sensitized solar cell packaging technique (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The technique can pack large area of the anode, and is simple which ensures the same power output and service life of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized solar cell packaging technique comprises opening two fill orifices on each light anode film, uniformly printing TiO2 using mask on glass base plate via screen printing, where the formed film covers the orifices and outer rim is formed on the glass base plate and a space is formed on TiO2 film blocks; printing the low glass powder in the space and on the outer rim of TiO2 film blocks, covering the upper glass base plate prepared for heat treatment; and injecting dye, putting at room temperature for 24 hours to absorb the dye on TiO2 film blocks, injecting electrolyte via fill orifice, and packaging using low glass powder.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a dye-sensitized solar cell.
NOVELTY - The method involves packaging transparent conductive glass board, semiconductor nanocrystal porous film and counter electrode conductive glass board by low melting point glass powder slurry to form a light anode. The packaged battery is passed through a pouring channel to sensitize the semiconductor nanocrystal porous film for forming the dye sensitized layer at predetermined pressure. The packaged battery is filled with lithium iodide/iodine liquid electrolyte. The low melting point glass powder slurry or epoxy resin is used to seal the extrusive pouring channel.    USE - Method for manufacturing dye sensitized nanocrystal solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery is manufactured using simple process and has good seal effect and long service life.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the dye sensitized nanocrystal solar battery.
NOVELTY - A mutually penetrative polymer solar cell is prepared by dissolving conjugated polymer; stirring at 200-1200 rpm for 6-10 hours; dissolving (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate; spinning the conjugated polymer solution at 700-2000 rpm on cleaned tin-doped indium oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide electrically conductive glass; spinning the solution at 2000-4000 rpm on the conjugated polymer film and penetrating (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate molecule to the conjugated polymer donor layer; and evaporating a layer of electrode on (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate.    USE - Method for preparing a mutually penetrative polymer solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The prepared solar cell can provide relatively big donor interface for the separation of excitons, can provide continuous channel for the transmission of carriers, and can prevent the loss of carriers in the transmission process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of mutually penetrative polymer solar cell comprises:    (A) under the condition of room temperature, dissolving conjugated polymer, and stirring at 200-1200 rpm for 6-10 hours to prepare a solution (5-20 mg/ml);    (B) dissolving (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate to prepare a solution (5-20 mg/ml), and spinning the conjugated polymer solution at 700-2000 rpm on cleaned tin-doped indium oxide or fluorine-doped tin oxide electrically conductive glass;    (C) after volatizing the solution, spinning the solution at 2000-4000 rpm on the conjugated polymer film and penetrating (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate molecule to the conjugated polymer donor layer to form the active layer of mutually penetrative structure of conjugated polymer and fullerene derivative (6,6)-phenyl-61C-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM); and    (D) after volatilizing the solution, evaporating a layer of electrode on (6.6)-60C-phenyl methyl butyrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view of a solar cell.
NOVELTY - Graphite frame slide rail used for plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) section of production line for manufacturing solar energy battery comprises integrated side face guard board (1) and base plate (2) for supporting the graphite strip, the side face guard board (1) and the base plate (2) are made from high temperature-resistant plastic materials.    USE - The graphite frame slide rail used for PECVD section of production line for manufacturing solar energy battery (claimed).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a graphite frame slide rail used for PECVD section of production line for manufacturing solar energy battery.    Integrated side face guard board (1)    Base plate (2)
NOVELTY - The device has a supporting frame (30) connected in a rear axle (31). A vertical wing (25) is in a front side of a moving frame (21) for maintaining balance of a bicycle. A sun visor (24) is provided in a lower end of front side of the moving frame, and blocks UV ray. A power source controller and a rechargeable battery are integrally equipped. A sun shading function in a body frame (20) controls charging and electricity developed in a solar battery. A piston rod is connected to the body frame and the moving frame is horizontally moved to the front side.    USE - Variable solar battery device for use as power source of a bicycle e.g. electric bicycle.    ADVANTAGE - The direct ray of light is shielded, thus providing agreeable driving environment. The space required to place the bicycle is minimized and the alternator output of the solar battery is maximized. The power source controller and the rechargeable battery are integrally equipped, thus facilitating detachment.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of deployed state of a solar battery device mounted to a bicycle.    Body frame (20)    Moving frame (21)    Sun visor (24)    Vertical wing (25)    Supporting frame (30)    Rear axle (31)    Perpendicular frame (32)
NOVELTY - Polyurethane-clay nanocomposite comprises (wt.%) clay (0.5-5) and polyurethane ( greater than or equal to 95). The polyurethane is produced by reaction of diisocyanate compound and polyol. The polyol is a mixture of polytetramethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 250 g/mol and polytetramethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 g/mol.    USE - Polyurethane-clay nanocomposite used in wire guide for wire saw process (claimed) and used as resin for polyurethane molds used in steel making, paper making, semiconductor fabrication, and solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The polyurethane-clay nanocomposite has excellent mechanical properties, i.e. an elongation ratio of greater than or equal to 560% and a tensile strength of greater than or equal to 600 kgf/cm2.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of polyurethane-clay nanocomposite comprising:    (A) mixing a polytetramethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 250 g/mol and polytetramethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 1000 g/mol at 0.6:0.4 mole ratio to provide a mixture of polyols;    (B) adding clay into the polyol mixture at less than 70 degrees C;    (C) applying ultrasonic wave to the resulting mixture; and    (D) agitating and reacting with diisocyanate compound, with the diisocyanate compound and the polyol being at 1:1.1 mole ratio.
NOVELTY - Uniform and transparent array film of zinc oxide nano rod is prepared by dissolving (M) analytically pure zinc chloride (0.0005-0.001) and potassium chloride (0.1-0.8) into distilled water, stirring, placing into water bath at 60-80 degrees C, and continuously introducing oxygen to solution; and applying three-electrode system, using tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) conducting glass coated with zinc oxide nano particle film as cathode, using platinum sheet as counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode.    USE - Method for preparing uniform and transparent array film of zinc oxide nano rod (claimed) used for solar battery, photoelectron and catalysis.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple and strong controllability, and reduces energy consumption meeting the requirement of large scale production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of uniform and transparent array film of zinc oxide nano rod comprises:    (A) dissolving (M) analytically pure zinc chloride (0.0005-0.001) and potassium chloride (0.1-0.8) into distilled water in an electrolytic tank and stirring to obtain stable transparent solution, placing into water bath at 60-80 degrees C, and continuously introducing oxygen to solution;    (B) applying three-electrode system, using ITO conducting glass coated with zinc oxide nano particle film as cathode, using platinum sheet as counter electrode and saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode to perform the square wave pulsed electro-deposition, and controlling applied square wave voltage at - 1.1 to - 0.8 V and ton/toff for 10/10-1s/1s;and    (C) taking conducting glass out and cleaning by de-ionized water, drying for 30-60 minutes in drying oven at 60-80 degrees C.
NOVELTY - A copper-11,11,12,12-tetracyano-p-anthraquinone-dipivaloylmethane nano-wall arrays comprise copper sheet and acetone solution of 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-p-anthraquinone.    USE - A copper-11,11,12,12-tetracyano-p-anthraquinone-dipivaloylmethane nano-wall arrays for preparing field effect transistor (claimed), solar cell, electric switch, sensor and hydrogen storage material.    ADVANTAGE - The nano-arrays have excellent field emission performance, which can realize electron emission under lower voltage with start voltage of 6.8 V mu ; and is an excellent cold cathode field emission material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of preparing copper-11,11,12,12-tetracyano-p-anthraquinone-dipivaloylmethane nano-wall arrays by mixing copper sheet with acetone solution of 11,11,12,12-tetracyano-p-anthraquinone for reflux reaction at 2 minutes to 10 hours (preferably 10 hours); cleaning surface of copper sheet using acetonitrile, acetone, hydrochloric acid, deionized water or ethanol; and drying at room temperature.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has transparent conduction film formed on top surface of substrate having irradiation surface. Several photoconversion layers are formed on transparent conduction film for generating photoelectric current. An electrode is formed on top photoconversion layer. The energy gap and thickness of top photoconversion layer are greater and lesser than that of intermediate photoconversion layer respectively. The energy gap and thickness of intermediate photoconversion layer are greater and lesser than that of lower photoconversion layer respectively.    USE - Silica-based thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The absorption region of optical wavelength and photoelectric efficiency of the solar cell are improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the silica-based thin film solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - The cell has an amorphous silicon P-type semiconductor layer formed above a transparent conducting film for generating a cavity. A super-lattice semiconductor layer is formed above the P-type semiconductor layer. An intrinsic semiconductor layer is provided with embedded crystal silicon and formed above the super-lattice semiconductor layer. An N-type semiconductor layer is placed above the intrinsic semiconductor layer for generating electrons. An electrode is placed above the N-type semiconductor layer for taking out electric energy.    USE - Silicon-based thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode improves photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell. The super-lattice semiconductor layer improves the electrical properties of the cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a silicon-based thin film solar cell.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The battery has a p-n structure with a p-n junction provided in an interface between a pair of electrical conduction semiconductor layers (202). A reflection barrier layer (205) is formed on the electrical conduction semiconductor layers. A front electrode (203) is connected to the electrical conduction semiconductor layers through the reflection barrier layer. The front electrode is formed on the reflection barrier layer. A back contact electrode (204) is formed in a surface on a conductivity type semiconductor substrate (201) during the inclusion of a predetermined intaglio pattern.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery increases absorption rate of sunlight, ensures excellent performance, reduces risk of breaking and generation of bowing phenomenon, and controls direction of the bowing phenomenon in simple and inexpensive manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar battery.    Conductivity type semiconductor substrate (201)    Electrical conduction semiconductor layer (202)    Front electrode (203)    Back contact electrode (204)    Reflection barrier layer (205)
NOVELTY - The nitrogen additive is an oligomer, which has an amphiphilic backbone. A compound having 20-45% of nitrogen is combined at one end of hydrophobic moiety.    USE - Nitrogen additive for electrolyte composition for use in solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The nitrogen additive provides solar cell with high efficiency by improving electric charge, and increases open circuit voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDET CLAIMS are included for:    (1) an electrolyte composition, which includes oxidation-reduction pair, organic solvent and additive; and    (2) a solar cell, which comprises electrolyte composition and two electrodes.
(ES2311431-A1)   NOVELTY - The method involves depositing a metal layer acting as electrodes on a substrate. The metal layer deposits a p-type semiconductor element. The intermediate band material is processed in intermediate band of nanoscopic type structures made up of copper, gold, aluminum, gallium, indium, sulfur, selenium and tellurium that is embedded in a matrix of similar composition, except for the absence of a cation present in the nanoscopic structure.    USE - Method for manufacturing optoelectronic devices based on intermediate-band thin film technology.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic illustration showing the structure and fabrication sequence of a photovoltaic device comprising of laminated thin films and including intermediate bands.    Substrate (1)    Metal layer (2)    P-type semiconductor material (3)    Nanoscopic structures (4)    Matrix (5)
NOVELTY - The lighting device (1) comprises four transistors and a solar battery (12). A light emitting controller (17) comprising one of the transistors is connected between a capacitor and a voltage regulator. The charging and discharging of the capacitor is controlled by the light emitting controller, so as to perform on/off control of the light emitting area (11) in the casing and voltage regulator.    USE - Lighting device for use in house, building, and installed in wall along road.    ADVANTAGE - The complexity of circuit for controlling on/off of the light emitting area and voltage regulator can be reduced, and assembling of the lighting device can be easily performed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the lighting device. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Lighting device (1)    Light emitting area (11)    Solar battery (12)    Storage battery (15)    Light emitting controller (17)
NOVELTY - A polymer is new.    USE - A polymer for a device, e.g. semiconductor device, a solar cell, an LED, a chemical sensor, a biological sensor, and/or an integrated circuit (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymer is soluble and easy to synthesize; and exhibits unique physical, chemical and/or electrical properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer of formula (I) is new.    Ar=arylene or heteroarylene optionally substituted with substituent(s) from 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkoxy, 1-20C alkylsulfate, poly(ethylene oxide) or oligo(ethylene oxide), poly(ethylene glycol) or oligo(ethylene glycol), aryl or aryl-1-4C aryl, where the heteroarylene may comprise up to 4 heteroatoms from O, S or N;    R1-R2=1-20C alkyl, 3-10C cycloalkyl, aryl, aryl-1-4C-4 alkyl or heterocyclyl;    R3-R4=H or R1;    Nu=OR5, SR5, NHR6, OC(O)R5 or SC(O)R5;    R5-R6=1-20C alkyl, 2-20C alkenyl, aryl or aryl-1-4C alkyl;    p, q= greater than or equal to 0;and    n= greater than or equal to 1.    Provided that n, p and q are integers so that average number molecular weight is 5000-1000000 Da. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of modifying a polymer having dithiocarbamate of formula (II) to obtain (I); and    (2) a device comprising thin layer(s) of (I).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a graph showing UV-Visible spectra of iptycene polymer derivatives.
NOVELTY - A composition comprises an organic crystal having minor axis length of 3-100 nm and major axis length of 10-2000 nm and a matrix material. A surfactant is adsorbed on the organic crystal, an inorganic ion is adsorbed on the organic crystal, inorganic compound(s) chosen from silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, barium oxide and hydroxyapatite are bonded with the organic crystal, and the organic crystal is modified with organic group (1).    USE - Composition is used for manufacturing article and film (all claimed) including but are not limited to optical film, retardation film, polarizing plate protective film, transparent conductive film, display device substrate, flexible display substrate, solar cell substrate, touch panel substrate, optical disc protective film and magnetic recording medium substrate.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provided film having transparency, low thermal expansion property and high elastic modulus, and has high industrial ability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composition comprises an organic crystal having minor axis length of 3-100 nm and major axis length of 10-2000 nm and a matrix material. A surfactant is adsorbed on the organic crystal, an inorganic ion is adsorbed on the organic crystal, inorganic compound(s) chosen from silicon oxide, titanium oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, barium oxide and hydroxyapatite are bonded with the organic crystal, and the organic crystal is modified with organic group of formula: -(L1)n-R1 (1).    L1=connecting group such as -O-, -S-, -C(=O)-, -S-S-, -O-C(=O)-, -O-C(=O)-O-, -C(=O)-O-, -NH-, -NH-C(=O)-, -N(-R2)-C(=O)-, -NH-C(=O)-O-, -N(-R3)-C(=O)-O-, -NH-C(=O)-NH-, -O-C(=O)-NH-, -C(=O)-NH-, -C(=O)-N(-R4)-, -O-C(=O)-, -C(=S)-O-, -O-C(=S)-O- and -O-C(=O)-N(-R5)-;    n=0-4;and    R1-R5=organic group.
NOVELTY - Production (M1) of a barrier film substrate having, on at least one surface of a plastic film, a barrier layer that contains at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer involves: forming the organic layer by polymerization of a monomer mixture containing a vinyl monomer that has a sulfinyl group or sulfonyl group and tertiary carbon atom.    USE - For the preparation of barrier film substrate used in organic device e.g. organic electroluminescent (EL) device (claimed); as a substrate for flexible organic EL device; for wrapping or packaging articles that requires shielding from gases such as water vapor or oxygen and for wrapping or packaging edibles, industrial articles and medicines for preventing them from being deteriorated; in liquid-crystal display devices or solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces barrier film substrate with excellent gas-barrier; having water vapor-barrier property; and used in organic device to provide excellent durability. The barrier layer has high adhesiveness and has a low water vapor permeability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a barrier film substrate (S1) having, on at least one surface of a plastic film, a barrier layer that contains at least one inorganic layer and at least one organic layer. The organic layer is a layer that contains a polymer having a structural unit of formula -(C(R16)(R17)-CH2)- (Ia).    R16=hydrogen atom or alkyl;    R17=group having a sulfinyl group or sulfonyl group and tertiary carbon atom.
NOVELTY - Use of naphthalene compound (I) as active material in solar cell and photo detectors, is claimed.    USE - (I) is useful as active material and photo-sensible agent in solar cell and photo detectors. (I) is useful in the preparation of a mixture, which is useful for the preparation of a photoactive layer for solar cells and photo detectors (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) exhibits high light absorption, stability and conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Use of naphthalene compound of formula (I) as active material in solar cell and photo detectors, is claimed.    X = e.g. nitrogen containing moiety;    Y1 = e.g. nitrogen containing moiety, or H;    W1 = O or S;    R = e.g. aryloxy or arylthio;    P1 = NR1R2;    m = 1-4; and either    n, p = 0, 2 or 4 (when m is 1-3) or 0, 2, 4 or 6 (when m is 4); or    n+p = 0, 2 or 4 (when m is 1-3) or 0, 2, 4 or 6 (when m is 4).    Full Definitions are given in the DEFINITIONS (Full Definitions) Field. With provisos. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a mixture comprising (I) as electron donor or electron acceptor and one or more compound.
NOVELTY - The device has a set of photovoltaic modules provided with solar cells. A set of connecting pieces connects the photovoltaic modules to a support frame of a glass baluster. A set of installation holes runs through an upper glass layer and a lower glass layer that are provided on peripheries of the modules. A set of connecting pieces are screwed to the photovoltaic modules through the installation holes. The photovoltaic modules are mutually connected in series or in parallel through the connecting pieces to form the device.    USE - Photovoltaic module device for use in a point-supported glass baluster.    ADVANTAGE - The device allows a user to select a series connection or parallel connection according to requirements, and to hide a connection lead so that only a connection of the connecting pieces is seen, and is useful and beautiful.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a photovoltaic module device.
NOVELTY - The assembly includes a hard glass set on the upper surface of a solar battery, and a solar panel and back lining material set on the lower surface of the solar battery. The solar battery comprises an array of silicon solar battery strings and a solar copper tube is screwed on the solar panel. The back lining material comprises an insulating layer and a waterproof separator. The back-lining material is integrated with the hard glass, solar battery and the solar panel through an aluminum frame.    USE - Solar photovoltaic/photo-thermal combined assembly for domestic purpose.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic conversion efficiency is improved and heat energy for domestic use is produced efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar photovoltaic/photo-thermal combined assembly.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer has a photoelectric converting layer containing an organometallic complex (1) between counter electrodes.    USE - Photoelectric transducer is used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transducer provides cell having excellent durability and conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric transducer has a photoelectric converting layer containing an organometallic complex of formula (1) between counter electrodes.    R1-R8=H, halogen, nitro, cyano, hydroxyl, carbonyl, thiol, or alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, alkylthio, amino, aryl or heterocyclic group (all optionally substituted), R1-R8 optionally form cyclic ring and condensed ring through direct bonding or atom;and    M=H, bivalent, trivalent or tetravalent metal optionally substituted by oxygen or halogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show the schematic view of a photoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrates (1-4)    Photoelectric converting layers (5,6)    Electrolyte solution layers (7,8)
NOVELTY - An organometallic compound (1) is new.    USE - Novel organometallic compound used as host material of light emitting layer of electroluminescent element and solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electroluminescent compound has excellent stability and conductivity. The electroluminescent device comprising the element has excellent luminous efficiency, durability and reduced driving voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organometallic compound of formula: L1L1M(Q)m (1) is new.    L1=group of formula (i);    M=divalent metal or trivalent metal;    Q=6-60C aryloxy or 6-30C tri-arylsilyl optionally substituted by 1-60C linear or branched alkyl or 6-60C aryl;    R1-R4=H, 1-60C alkyl, halogen, cyano, 3-60C cycloalkyl, 6-60C aryl, 4-60C heteroaryl, 1-30C mono or di-alkyl amino, 6-30C mono or di-arylamino, 1-30C tri-alkylsilyl, 1-30C di-alkyl-(6-C0C arylsilyl) or 6-30C tri-arylsilyl, optionally combines with adjacent substituent, 3-12C alkylene or 3-12C alkenylene, to form fused ring optionally having substituents, preferably alkyl, aryl and heteroaryl combines with adjacent substituent 3-12C alkylene or 3-12C alkenylene, to form fused ring;    R11,R17=H, 1-60C alkyl, 6-60C aryl, 4-60C heteroaryl, 1-30C tri-alkylsilyl, 1-30C tri-alkyl-(6-30C arylsilyl), tri-arylsilyl, 1-30C mono or di-alkyl amino, 6-30C mono or di-arylamino, cyano or halogen, where R13 and R16 combines with adjacent substituent, 3-12C alkylene or 3-12C alkenylene and forms fused ring;and    R21-R39=H, 1-60C alkyl, 6-60C aryl, 4-60C heteroaryl, 1-30C tri-alkylsilyl, 1-30C tri-alkyl-(6-30C arylsilyl), di-arylsilyl, 1-30C mono or di-alkyl amino, 6-30C mono or di-arylamino, cyano or halogen.    When M is divalent metal, m is 0. When M is trivalent metal, m is 1. When X is O, ring A is group of formula (a-d). When X is S, ring A is group of formula (e-v).
NOVELTY - A lead-free electronic slurry composition comprises (in mass%) aluminum powder (70-75), organic bond (20-25), mineral glass (1-5) and additive (1-5). The organic bond comprises ethyl cellulose (1-3), resin (0.5-1.5), hexadecanol (1-4), diethylene glycol methyl ether (8-10), diethylene glycol butyl ether (3-7), Chinese pine alcohol (70-80), and n-butyl alcohol (10-20). The mineral glass comprises silicon dioxide (2-4), boric acid (50-70), alumina (2-4), antimony oxide (20-30), and zirconia (2-5). The additive comprises arlacel (35-45), and pump oil (55-65).    USE - Lead-free electronic slurry composition is used for solar energy silicon photocell.    ADVANTAGE - The lead-free electronic slurry composition has excellent work ability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lead-free electronic slurry composition comprises (in mass%) aluminum powder (70-75), organic bond (20-25), mineral glass (1-5) and additive (1-5). The aluminum powder is round aluminum powder having purity of 99.9% or more, and average particle diameter of 2-6 mu m. The surface of aluminum powder is covered with aluminum nitride protective layer. The organic bond comprises ethyl cellulose (1-3), resin (0.5-1.5), hexadecanol (1-4), diethylene glycol methyl ether (8-10), diethylene glycol butyl ether (3-7), Chinese pine alcohol (70-80), and n-butyl alcohol (10-20). The mineral glass comprises silicon dioxide (2-4), boric acid (50-70), alumina (2-4), antimony oxide (20-30), and zirconia (2-5). The additive comprises arlacel (35-45), and pump oil (55-65). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation method of the lead-free electronic slurry composition.
NOVELTY - A cadmium sulfide/organic semiconductor heterojunction nanowire is prepared by using template of alumina to carry out electrochemical deposition with power on and obtaining the cadmium sulfide nanowire; and using electrolyte solution to carry out electrochemical deposition on conductive high molecular compound and organic solution of electrolyte and obtaining the cadmium sulfide/organic semiconductor heterojunction nanowire.    USE - Method for preparing cadmium sulfide/organic semiconductor heterojunction nanowire used in FETs, solar cells, photoelectric switches, photosensors or sensors (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method can provide nanowire having a uniform appearance and a clear interface, and that is stable in the air.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing a cadmium sulfide/organic semiconductor heterojunction nanowire comprises:    (A) fixing the template of alumina whose surface layer is platinum layer in an electrolysis bath as a working electrode, taking dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing soluble cadmium salt and sulfur powder as electrolyte solution, carrying out electrochemical deposition with power on, depositing it on the template of alumina whose surface layer is platinum layer and obtaining the cadmium sulfide nanowire; and    (B) taking the template of alumina as a working electrode, platinum wire as a counter electrode, saturated calomel electrode as a reference electrode and organic solutions of conductive high molecular compound as electrolyte, carrying out electrochemical deposition with power on, depositing it on the template of alumina and obtaining the cadmium sulfide/organic semiconductor heterojunction nanowire.
NOVELTY - An anthracene derivative (1) is new.    USE - Novel anthracene derivative is used for organic electronic device such as light emitting device, solar cell, photoreceptor and transistor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The anthracene derivative provides device having excellent luminous efficiency and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anthracene derivative of formula (1) is new.    R1,R2=6-40C aryl amine, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl, all optionally substituted by halogen, amino, nitrile, nitro, 1-40C alkyl, 2-40C alkenyl, 1-40C alkoxy, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 3-40C heterocycloalkyl, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl;    R3,R4=H, 1-40C alkyl, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 6-40C aryl, 5-40C heteroaryl or 6-40C aryl amine, all optionally substituted by halogen, amino, nitrile, nitro, 1-40C alkyl, 2-40C alkenyl, 1-40C alkoxy, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 3-40C heterocycloalkyl, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl, when anthracene connected to 9 or 10-positions is optionally substituted 6-40C arylene, or triazine group of formula (1a);    R5,R6=H, 1-40C alkyl, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 3-40C alkenyl, 3-40C alkoxy, 3-40C amino, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl, all optionally substituted by halogen, amino, nitrile, nitro, 1-40C alkyl, 2-40C alkenyl, 1-40C alkoxy, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 3-40C heterocycloalkyl, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl, and form aliphatic, aromatic, hetero-aliphatic or hetero-aromatic condensed or spiro bonded group;and    L1=single bond, 2-40C alkenylene, 6-40C arylene, 5-40C heteroarylene, 6-40C aryl amine, 25-40C spiro or 25-40C open spiro, all optionally substituted by halogen, amino, nitrile, nitro, 1-40C alkyl, 2-40C alkenyl, 1-40C alkoxy, 3-40C cycloalkyl, 3-40C heterocycloalkyl, 6-40C aryl or 5-40C heteroaryl.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of an organic light emitting device.    Substrate (1)    Anode (2)    Hole ejection layer (3)    Hole transport layer (4)    Organic light emitting layer (5)    Electron transport layer (6)    Cathode (7)
NOVELTY - A heat transport medium comprises a base liquid; carbon nanotubes having surface functional groups on their side walls relative to their lengths; and a dispersant.    USE - The heat transport medium can be applied to at least a cooling medium for internal combustion engines, a fuel cell unit, a computer circuit, a central processing unit (CPU), an atomic pile and steam-power generation. The heat transport medium is used for a cooling and heating system, a heat storage system and a hot water and boiler system; and for an electrolyte for a dye sensitized type solar cell, an electrically-conductive coating, an electromagnetic wave absorption coating, a water repellency coating, and a lubricating film coating.    ADVANTAGE - The heat transport medium is capable of achieving high heat conductivity while suppressing an increase in kinetic viscosity. The carbon nanotubes are provided with self-dispersibility due to surface charges derived from their surface functional groups, and thus, are excellent in their dispersibility in the base liquid.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of cooling an internal combustion engine in a vehicle, comprising circulating the heat transport medium.
NOVELTY - A diamine derivative is new.    USE - New diamine derivative for electrophotographic photoreceptor (claimed) used for image forming devices. The diamine derivative is used as hole transport agent for electrophotographic photoreceptor, solar cell or electroluminescent element.    ADVANTAGE - Has high sensitivity as hole transport agent, and provides electrophotographic photoreceptor with excellent sensitivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A diamine derivative of formula (1) is new.    Ar1=bivalent group produced by removing one H from alkyl group which may have substituent(s), bivalent group produced by removing one H from aryl group which may have substituent(s) or heterocyclic group which may have substituent(s);    Ar2a,Ar2b=aryl group or heterocyclic group (both may have substituent(s));    R1a-R12a,R1b-R12b=H, alkyl group which may have halo and substituent(s), aryl group which may have substituent(s), alkoxy group which may have substituent(s) or aralkyl group which may have substituent(s);    R13a-R16a,R13b-R16b=H, alkyl group which may have substituent(s), aryl group which may have substituent(s), alkoxy group which may have substituent(s) or aralkyl group which may have substituent(s); and    m,n= greater than or equal to 0.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an electrophotographic photoreceptor having photoreceptor layer containing diamine derivative provided on an electroconductive substrate.
NOVELTY - An ester group-containing tetracarboxylic acid anhydride (1 or 2) is new.    USE - Novel ester group-containing tetracarboxylic acid anhydride for polyimide and its precursor used for transparent plastic substrate for display (all claimed) such as liquid crystal display, electronic paper, semiconductor element and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The ester group-containing tetracarboxylic acid anhydride has high transparency and heat resistance. The polyimide has glass transition temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An ester group-containing tetracarboxylic acid anhydride of formula (1 or 2) is new.    X1-X6=H, halogen, nitrile, nitro, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, amino, alkoxy or amide;    P'=1-6C alkyl or alkoxy;and    n=1-4.
NOVELTY - A solar cell comprises flexible film substrate; spraying device; absorbing layer including copper, indium, gallium and selenium; buffer layer including zinc sulfide layer; and window layer including zinc oxide/zinc aluminum oxide layer. A substrate material is rigid, and is aluminum (preferably aluminum foil).    USE - A solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method has reduced steps and improves yield.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of solar cell comprising:    (A) providing alumina insulation layer on aluminum substrate, and providing titanium nitride lower electrode using magnetron sputtering process;    (B) providing copper, indium and gallium stacking layer using magnetron sputtering process;    (C) doping selenium and/or sulfur into absorbing layer and heating absorbing layer; and    (D) providing buffer layer, providing window layer using magnetron sputtering process, and providing upper electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of solar cell.
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) has a pump (21) e.g. turbulent molecular pump, coupled to a chamber (12) i.e. intermediate chamber, for vacuuming the chamber (12). A pump (22) e.g. dry pump, is coupled to a chamber (13) i.e. exit chamber, for vacuuming the chamber (13). A gas supply device (32) is coupled to the chamber (12) for supplying the gas into the chamber (12) and treating the substrates with plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition process. A high frequency electrode (33) is attached to the chamber (12) for generating electric field to act on the gas and substrates.    USE - Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus for making solar cell and disc.    ADVANTAGE - The chambers are arranged side by side, thus facilitating the operating processes or procedures of the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus, reducing the operating time of the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus, and increasing the productivity of the apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus.    Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition apparatus (1)    Receptacle (10)    Chambers (11-13)    Gates (14-17)    Pumps (21, 22, 30 31, 40 41)    Gas supply device (32)    High frequency electrode (33)    Cooling device (42)
NOVELTY - A supplemental solar energy collection system, preferably integrated supplemental solar energy collection system comprises photovoltaic panel for converting incident radiation into electricity; and housing including top thermally conductive surface mated with photovoltaic panel and serving as thermal collector, bottom (20), and gasket (100) between top and bottom defining channels between top thermally conductive surface and bottom for fluid in contact with top thermally conductive surface for removing heat from photovoltaic panel.    USE - A supplemental solar energy collection system, preferably integrated supplemental solar energy collection system.    ADVANTAGE - A hermetically sealed housing can be inexpensively made out of high thermally conductive material to mate with rear of photovoltaic panel to act as thermal collector, heat exchanger, and conduit for liquid transport. By splitting inlet and outlet conduit, versatility is provided to collector without compromising efficiency, thus allowing very short external connections between collectors when installed in grid pattern, reducing thermal losses and lowering cost. The unique flow pattern allows high efficiency and easy installation/maintenance of collector. Insulation is designed to complete mating with individual panels to minimize thermal losses, provide electrical insulation from electrical components of panel, and provide drainage channels away from electrical components. The channels provide protection from condensation and any potential leaks.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of supplemental solar energy collection system, preferably integrated supplemental solar energy collection system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic top view of a gasket defining channels in water fall flow pattern configuration.    Bottom (20)    Gasket (100)
NOVELTY - A solar photovoltaic energy conversion apparatus includes a substrate (301); a buffer layer (302); a first transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layer (303); periodic protrusions of the two silicon layers (304, 305); a second TCO layer (306) formed at the sides of the first silicon layers, the tops and the sides of the second silicon layers, and the top of the first TCO layer; and an anti-reflective layer (307) formed on the second TCO layer to form the solar photovoltaic energy conversion apparatus.    USE - A solar photovoltaic energy conversion apparatus, particularly transparent conductive oxide (TCO) based hybrid solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The solar photovoltaic energy conversion apparatus allows transmission of visible sunlight and enhances photovoltaic energy conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional drawing of a solar photovoltaic energy conversion apparatus.    Substrate (301)    Buffer layer (302)    TCO layers (303, 306)    Silicon layers (304, 305)    Anti-reflective layer (307)
NOVELTY - The method involves arranging a back-electrode (104) on an elongated substrate (102). The back-electrode layer is patterned using laser scriber or mechanical scriber. A semiconductor junction (410) is formed on the back-electrode and patterned using scribers. A transparent conductor (110) is formed on the semiconductor junction. The transparent conductor is patterned using mechanical scriber to form solar cells (12) with isolated portion of back-electrode, semiconductor junction and transparent conductor layer.    USE - Method for forming photovoltaic module.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical scribing of the transparent conductor suppresses the non-symmetry of photovoltaic module that exists during rotational scribing.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photovoltaic module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the non-polar solar cell of photovoltaic module.    Solar cell (12)    Substrate (102)    Back-electrode (104)    Transparent conductor (110)    Semiconductor junction (410)
NOVELTY - Multilayer film or sheet (I) comprises a first surface sub-layer, a second surface sub-layer, and optionally one or more inner sub-layers sandwiched between the first and second surface sub-layers, where: the first surface sub-layer comprises an acid terpolymer; the second surface sub-layer and/or inner sub-layer(s) comprise a high melting point polymer; and the acid terpolymer comprises repeat units comprising an alpha -olefin, 3-8C alpha , beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (5-15 wt.%) or 4-12C alpha , beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ester (15-40 wt.%).    USE - (I) is useful in article, which is a safety laminate or solar cell pre-laminate assembly. The solar cell prelamination assembly is useful for forming the solar cell module (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) is transparent, highly adhesive to other laminate layers, and has enhanced thermal resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Multilayer film or sheet (I) comprises a first surface sub-layer, a second surface sub-layer, and optionally one or more inner sub-layers sandwiched between the first and second surface sub-layers, where: the first surface sub-layer comprises an acid terpolymer; the second surface sub-layer and/or inner sub-layer(s) comprise a high melting point polymer; the acid terpolymer comprises repeat units comprising an alpha -olefin, 3-8C alpha , beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid (5-15 wt.%) or 4-12C alpha , beta -ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid ester (15-40 wt.%); and the polymer has melting point of at least 80 degrees C. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) an article comprising (I); and    (2) a process to form the solar cell module comprising: providing a solar cell prelamination assembly and laminating the assembly.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a nucleation site on a substrate (2). A raw material gas is supplied to nucleation site. A wire-shaped semiconductor (2a) is grown on the nucleation site. The material of the semiconductor (2a) is similar to the material of the substrate. Another raw material gas is supplied. A wire-shaped single-junction solar cell is grown on the semiconductor (2a). The single-junction solar cell has another semiconductor (3) whose band gap is narrower than the band gap of the semiconductor (2a).    USE - Method for producing multi-junction solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The occurrence of dislocation in the semiconductor is prevented and so the performance of the multi-junction solar cell is improved. The available region of sunlight spectrum is expanded to increase the device area in the multi-junction solar cell. The occurrence of defect in the combination region of semiconductors is prevented. Hence the power generation efficiency of the multi-junction solar cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the multi-junction solar cell explaining the process of producing multi-junction solar cell.    Multi-junction solar cell (1a)    Substrate (2)    Semiconductors (2a,3,4,5,6)    Insulating film (8)
NOVELTY - The hydrogen sensor (10) has high-performance hydrogen sensors that are flexible and bendable while maintaining the performance. The single walled carbon nanotubes (SWNT) and palladium (Pd) nanoparticles cooperating with other to provide high-performance hydrogen sensors for sensing hydrogen. The Pd nanoparticles (24) is arranged on the SWNT (12) and spaced from each other to form individual discontinuous Pd nanoparticles rather a continuous Pd film.    USE - Hydrogen sensors for industrial processing, fuel cells, hydrogen storage and hydrogen separation.    ADVANTAGE - Provides superior sensing of hydrogen at ambient temperature and superb capabilities for moderate temperature operations. Enhances the response and recovery time, excellent flexibility and bending, greater versatility, outstanding performance and reliability. Provides light weight and portable structure thus eases the transporting function. Provides user friendly, easy to fabrication, durable, economical and attractive structure. Provides high sensitivity and wide sensing range.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process for fabricating hydrogen sensors.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the diagram of a configuration used for electrochemical deposition of Pd nanoparticles on the surfaces of SWNT.    Hydrogen sensors (10)    SWNT (12)    Gold electrodes (18, 26)    Potentiostat (20)    Pd nanoparticles (24)
NOVELTY - The box (18) has heat sink elements which are maintained in contact with the diodes, such that the heat sinks dissipate heat externally of the junction box. The contacts (20) are arranged with a flat surface parallel to the solar panel to reduce vertical elevation of the junction box when mounted onto the solar panel.    USE - Low profile photovoltaic (LPPV) junction box for interconnection of solar cell arrays in power distribution system.    ADVANTAGE - Allows the photovoltaic (PV) solar array to be placed in the space-restricted areas, by the arrangement of the horizontal contacts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the LPPV junction box.    LPPV junction box (18)    Contacts (20)    Cable assembly (24)    Cover portion (30)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell unit (100) has an electric heater provided at the flow passages formed in surface of an anode collector electrode and a cathode collector electrode of a power generation cell (8).    USE - Fuel cell unit used in electronic device (claimed) such as note book type personal computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), electronic organizer, digital camera, cell phone, watch register and projector.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction in power generation efficiency can be reduced. The temperature of the power generation cell can be increased efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the electronic device mounted with fuel cell unit.    Fuel container (2)    Power generation cell (8)    Heat insulation (10)    Fuel cell unit (100)    Electronic device (200)
NOVELTY - Photovoltaic cells include a transparent conductive layer; a first organic semiconductor layer (3) that is formed on the conductive layer; a photovoltaic conversion layer (4) that is formed on the first organic semiconductor layer; a second organic semiconductor layer (5) that is formed on the photovoltaic conversion layer; and an electrode (6) that is formed on the second organic semiconductor layer. A patterned indented interlayer is formed at an interface between the first organic semiconductor layer and the photovoltaic conversion layer.    USE - Photovoltaic cells.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic cells can stably increase photovoltaic conversion efficiency while restraining current leakage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) solar cells of pn-junction type comprising the same components of that of photovoltaic cells; and    (2) a method for manufacturing photovoltaic cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structure of photovoltaic cells.    Substrate (1)    Transparent conductive film (2)    Organic semiconductor layers (3, 5)    Photovoltaic conversion layer (4)    Electrode (6)
NOVELTY - A nickel film (12) is formed on a polyethylene terephthalate substrate (11). Thus, the formation method of nickel film is performed.    USE - Method for forming nickel film on polyethylene terephthalate substrate used for formation of metal fine wire and manufacture of ferromagnetic nano-joining element (all claimed) used for magnetoresistive element for electronic device such as mobile telephone, portable music terminal device, vehicle-mounted navigator, digital camera and notebook-type personal computer, and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The thin nickel film is formed efficiently by vacuum deposition method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating formation method of nickel film.    Polyethylene terephthalate substrate (11)    Nickel film (12)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming groove on wafer by reciprocating the wire on the surface of wafer, at the time of manufacturing wafer. The damaged layer produced during the grove formation is removed by etching process using the etching liquid which contains nitric acid and hydrofluoric acid.    USE - Method of manufacturing wafer for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Surface reflectance of wafer is reduced without deteriorating productivity and increasing the production cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view explaining the formation of groove in wafer.    Wedge-shaped portions of wafer (30a,30b)
NOVELTY - A solution containing a monomer of an electroconductive polymer, an oxidizing agent, and a pyrrolidone compound (A) as polymerization regulator is coated on an electrode substrate (8). Then, oxidative polymerization is performed, to obtain electroconductive polymer electrode (9).    USE - Manufacture of electroconductive polymer electrode used as counter electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed). Can also be used for light-emitting elements such as photoelectric transducer, organic solar cell, photosensor, organic electroluminescent device, inorganic electroluminescent device, fuel cell and electrical double layer capacitor.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently and economically provides electroconductive polymer with excellent electrical conductivity, catalyst performance, easy patterning property, high reproducibility and productivity. The dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the electroconductive polymer has excellent conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solution containing a monomer of an electroconductive polymer, an oxidizing agent, and a pyrrolidone compound of formula (A) as polymerization regulator is coated on an electrode substrate. Then, oxidative polymerization is performed, to obtain electroconductive polymer electrode.    R1=alkyl or aryl.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross sectional view of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Conductive polymer thin film (6)    Electrode substrate (8)    Electroconductive polymer electrode (9)    Dye-sensitized solar cell (10)
NOVELTY - A reinforced glass has a compressive stress layer on the surface. The reinforced glass contains (in mol%) silica (40-80), alumina (5-15), boron oxide (0-8), lithium oxide (0-10), sodium oxide (5-20), potassium oxide (0.5-20) and magnesium oxide (0-10). The sum of content of alumina and magnesium oxide is 8-16.5 mol%. The molar ratio of sum of content of lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide with respect to alumina in the reinforced glass is 1.4-3. The reinforced glass does not contain arsenic oxide, lead oxide and fluorine.    USE - Reinforced glass is used for manufacturing reinforced glass substrate for touch-panel display, cover glass of mobile telephone and solar cell, and for protecting display (all claimed). Can also be used for digital camera, personal digital assistant, window glass, magnetic disk, flat panel display, solid-state image sensor and tableware.    ADVANTAGE - The reinforced glass has high ion exchange performance and mechanical strength, and is excellent in loss-of-clarity-proof property. The reinforced glass economically provides reinforced glass substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A reinforced glass has a compressive stress layer on the surface. The reinforced glass contains (in mol%) silica (40-80), alumina (5-15), boron oxide (0-8), lithium oxide (0-10), sodium oxide (5-20), potassium oxide (0.5-20) and magnesium oxide (0-10). The sum of content of alumina and magnesium oxide is 8-16.5 mol%. The molar ratio of sum of content of lithium oxide, sodium oxide and potassium oxide with respect to alumina in the reinforced glass is 1.4-3. The ratio of content of sodium oxide and alumina is 1-3. The ratio of content of magnesium oxide and alumina is 0-1. The reinforced glass does not contain arsenic oxide, lead oxide and fluorine. The reinforced glass further contains calcium oxide (0-6) and tin oxide (0.01-6).
NOVELTY - A composition contains positively charged nitrogen atom-containing compound, a hydrophilic polymer containing hydrolyzable silyl group and a metal complex catalyst. The positively charged nitrogen atom-containing compound has log P value of 2 or less.    USE - Composition is used for forming hydrophilic film for fin material used for heat exchangers (all claimed). Uses of hydrophilic film include but are not limited to mirror used for dental mirror, motor vehicles and bathrooms, optical lens, gondola of motor vehicle, aircraft and submarine, goggles for sports, shield of helmet, glass panel of display devices, solar cell cover, building materials, kitchen utensils, tableware, sink and air-conditioner.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides hydrophilic film with excellent fog preventing property, ink-proof property, rinse-proof property, adhesiveness, weather resistance, water resistance and antimicrobial property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a hydrophilic material comprising hydrophilic film formation composition coated on support body; and    (2) a fin material comprising hydrophilic film formation composition coating.
NOVELTY - An organic-inorganic composite material is formed using inorganic material such as aluminum-substituted mesoporous silica in which portion of silicon atom is replaced by aluminum atom, and an organic compound formed using electron donor-acceptor linked molecule in which electron donating portion and electron accepting portion are linked with each other or its salt.    USE - Organic-inorganic composite material is used for product such as photocatalyst, photosensitizer, pigment, oxidizing agent, reducing agent, battery, dye-sensitized solar cell and organic electroluminescent element (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic-inorganic composite material has excellent stability and charge separation property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of organic-inorganic composite material, which involves immersing aluminum-substituted mesoporous silica in electron donor-acceptor linked molecule.
NOVELTY - A conductor-connecting component (10) consists of an adhesive layer (3) formed on the surface(s) of a metal foil (1). The metal foil has integrated protrusions (2) of equal height in the surface in which adhesive layer is formed. The adhesive layer fills up the protrusions and has surface on the side opposite to the metal foil formed smoothly.    USE - Conductor-connecting component is used for forming connection structures and in solar-cell modules (both claimed). Can also be used for connecting electrodes in electromagnetic-shielding and short-mode applications.    ADVANTAGE - The conductor-connecting component provides excellent connection reliability by a simple connection process, and provides solar-cell modules and connection structures with high productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of conductor-connecting component, which involves forming protrusions on the surface(s) of a metal foil, and laminating an adhesive film to form an adhesive layer on the surface of metal foil in which protrusions are formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the conductor-connecting component.    Metal foil (1)    Protrusions (2)    Adhesive layer (3)    Conductor-connecting component (10)
NOVELTY - A cover glass has multilayered antireflection film (110,210) including 4 layers or more laminated on surface(s) of transparent base material. The antireflection film has outermost layer (11,13,22,23,25) containing mixture of silica and silicon nitride, and silicon nitride film (12,14,22,24).    USE - Cover glass is used for timepiece (claimed) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cover glass has excellent hardness, wear resistance, abrasion resistance, weather resistance and antireflection property for long period of time. The solar cell comprising the cover glass has high electric power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of cover glass.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of cover glass.    Sapphire glass (10)    Outermost layer (11,13,22,23,25)    Silicon nitride film (12,14,22,24)    Anti-reflective film (110,210)
NOVELTY - A solar cell rear surface sealing sheet (1A) has easy-to-adhere coat layer (2a) on surface to be bonded to a filling material that constitutes a solar cell module. The easy-to-adhere coat layer is formed of a coating composition containing (in mass parts) cross-linking agent(s) (0.1-10) and a polyacrylic acid or its derivatives (0.1-10) with respect to a water dispersing ionomer-type polyurethane resin (100). The cross-linking agent(s) is chosen from polyfunctional isocyanate type-compound, melamine type-compound, and silicon-containing compound (I).    USE - Solar cell rear surface sealing sheet is used for solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell rear surface sealing sheet has excellent adhesiveness with respect to filling material of solar cell module, and excellent storage stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell rear surface sealing sheet has easy-to-adhere coat layer on surface to be bonded to a filling material that constitutes a solar cell module. The easy-to-adhere coat layer is formed of a coating composition containing (in mass parts) cross-linking agent(s) (0.1-10) and a polyacrylic acid or its derivatives (0.1-10) with respect to a water dispersing ionomer-type polyurethane resin (100) having a film softening point temperature of 100 degrees C or more. The cross-linking agent(s) is chosen from polyfunctional isocyanate type-compound, polyfunctional epoxy type-compound, melamine type-compound, and silicon-containing compound of formula: R1-Si(-R2)(-R4)-R3 (I).    R1-R4=H, halogen, alkyl, alkoxyl, (meth)acryloyl, allyl, vinyl, glycidyl, isocyanate, mercapto and amino.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell rear surface sealing sheet.    Solar cell rear surface sealing sheet (1A)    Easy-to-adhere coat layer (2a)    Base material (3a)
NOVELTY - A solar-cell substrate has an anodic oxide film on a metal substrate. The surface of the anodic oxide film has pore with diameter of 10-600 nm.    USE - Substrate is used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has excellent adhesiveness, flexibility and withstand voltage characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar-cell substrate has an anodic oxide film on a metal substrate. The surface of the anodic oxide film has pore with diameter of 10-600 nm. The metal substrate contains aluminum, zirconium, titanium, magnesium, niobium and/or tantalum, preferably aluminum. The solar cell has a photoelectric converting layer having a semiconductor layer containing group (Ib) element, group (IIIb) element or group (VIb) element, preferably copper, silver, indium, gallium, sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium, and a semiconductor layer containing group (IIb) element and group (VIb) element, a layer containing group (Ib) element, a layer containing group (IIb) element, a layer containing group (IV b) element and/or a layer containing group (VIb) element.
NOVELTY - A solar cell has a photoelectric conversion layer formed on a metal substrate having insulating anodic oxide coating film. The anodic oxide film has surface roughness of 0.5 nm to 2 mu m. The semiconductor used for photoelectric conversion layer is chalcopyrite material having band gap of 1.3-1.5 eV. The photoelectric conversion layer includes semiconductor layer containing copper, silver, indium, gallium, sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium.    USE - Solar cell such as copper-indium-gallium-selenium-based solar cell is used as electric power supply source for residential buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The thin film solar cell is lightweight, has desired withstand voltage, and is excellent in flexibility, thermal conductance and electric power generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph illustrating the relationship of lattice constant and band gap of semiconductor. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell assembly (800) has several sets of electrolyte-electrode assemblies (831-834, 835-838) interposed between several sets of identical bipolar plates (821-824,825-828) aligned opposite to each other, the bipolar plates having a cathode flow field in similar direction. A manifold (810) coupled to the bipolar plates provides reactants to the bipolar plates.    USE - Fuel cell assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The alignment of the identical bipolar plates opposite to each other provides fuel flow that does not go against gravity, and simplifies external connection of the manifolds.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic structure of the fuel cell assembly.    Fuel cell assembly (800)    Manifold (810)    Bipolar plates (821-824,825-828)    Electrolyte-electrode assemblies (831-834, 835-838)    Fuel cell assembly units (880,890)
NOVELTY - A substrate comprises insulating anodic oxide coating film provided on the metal substrate. The thickness (To) of the anodic oxide coating film and the thickness (Tb) of the barrier layer of the anodic oxide coating film are in the area (I) defined by point A (To is 0.01 mu m and Tb is 0.01 mu m), point B (To is 2 mu m and Tb is 2 mu m), point C (To is 100 mu m and Tb is 2 mu m) and point D (To is 100 mu m and Tb is 0.01 mu m).    USE - Substrate for solar cell (claimed) used as power supply for buildings.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has excellent adhesiveness and favorable withstand voltage characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A substrate comprises insulating anodic oxide coating film provided on the metal substrate. The thickness (To) of the anodic oxide coating film and the thickness (Tb) of the barrier layer of the anodic oxide coating film are in the area (I) defined by point A (To is 0.01 mu m and Tb is 0.01 mu m), point B (To is 2 mu m and Tb is 2 mu m), point C (To is 100 mu m and Tb is 2 mu m) and point D (To is 100 mu m and Tb is 0.01 mu m). The metal substrate contains aluminum, zirconium, titanium or copper, preferably aluminum. The solar cell contains photoelectric conversion layer provided on the substrate. The photoelectric conversion layer is a semiconductor layer containing Ib group elements, IIIb group elements and/or VIb group elements, preferably copper, silver, indium, gallium, sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph illustrating the relationship of thickness of the anodic oxide coating film and the thickness of the barrier layer of the anodic oxide coating film. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A structure for single junction solar cell comprises a substrate, conductor layer (I), a P-absorber layer, an N+ layer, an interface region formed within a vicinity of surface region (I) of the P-absorber layer and surface region (II) of the N+ layer, a high resistivity buffer layer overlying the N+ layer, and conductor layer (II) overlying the buffer layer. The P-absorber layer has P-type impurity characteristics and optical absorption coefficient (I) greater than 104 cm-1 in a wavelength of 400-800 nm.    USE - Structure is used for forming single junction solar cells (claimed) used for electrical-power applications.    ADVANTAGE - The structure can be provided using easy to use processes. The structure economically provides solar cells having higher conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A structure for single junction solar cell comprises a substrate having a surface region, conductor layer (I) overlying the surface region of the substrate, a P-absorber layer overlying the conductor layer, an N+ layer overlying the P-absorber layer, an interface region formed within a vicinity of surface region (I) of the P-absorber layer and surface region (II) of the N+ layer, a high resistivity buffer layer overlying the N+ layer, and conductor layer (II) overlying the buffer layer. The P-absorber layer has P-type impurity characteristics and optical absorption coefficient (I) greater than 104 cm-1 in a wavelength of 400-800 nm. The P-absorber layer is chosen from copper oxides (CuO, Cu2O). The N+ layer comprises a metal oxide material or a metal sulfide material. The metal sulfide material is zinc sulfide and/or iron sulfide. The metal substrate contains aluminum, stainless steel, and/or nickel. The conductor layers comprise a transparent conducting material chosen from indium tin oxide, aluminum-doped zinc oxide, and fluorine-doped tin oxide.
NOVELTY - A thin film material has thickness of material including several column-like shaped single crystal structure having dimension of 0.01-10 micron in both ends. The thickness of material has optical absorption coefficient 104 cm-1 or more for light in wavelength of 400-750 nm.    USE - Thin film material is used for solar cell device (claimed) for photovoltaic cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic cell comprising the thin film material is eco-friendly and economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin film material has thickness of material including several column-like shaped single crystal structures having dimension of 0.01-10 micron in both ends. The thickness of material has optical absorption coefficient 104 cm-1 or more for light in wavelength of 400-750 nm. The thickness of material comprises metal oxide such as oxides of copper, zinc and iron, and metal sulfide such as sulfide of copper, iron, zinc or tin. A solar cell device comprising the thin film material has substrate (101) and electrodes (a,b) (107,113). The substrate is glass, fused silica and quartz. The substrate contains metals, organic material, conductive material, silicon, germanium and compound semiconductor material such as III-IV gallium arsenide. The metal is nickel, aluminum, stainless steel, gold, silver and/or platinum. The organic material is polycarbonate and acrylic material. The conductive material is indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide and aluminum-doped zinc oxide. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for formation of thin film material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of solar cell device.    Substrate (101)    Surface region (103)    Thickness (105)    Electrodes (107,113)    Oxide semiconductor material (109)
NOVELTY - The profile has a polygon block installed in one side of a circumferential surface of a profile main body. An outer cover (300) with thickness is formed on outer circumference of the block of a holder (100). The holder is formed and inserted in a one body type combination globe of the outer cover. The one body type combination globe is assembled with a jaw. The outer circumference of the block is formed as same as outer circumference of the outer cover in a bond. The bond is formed in the outer circumference of the block through in the profile main body.    USE - Aluminum profile for an LCD apparatus, a semiconductor fabrication equipment and a sun light battery module.    ADVANTAGE - The workability of the profile is performed with minimum time, thus increasing the productivity of the profile, and hence enhancing the appearance of the outer tube in the profile.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a front view of an aluminum profile.    Holder (100)    Outer cover (300)
NOVELTY - The method involves making wool, and diffusing and removing phosphorosilicate glass. A silicon nitride film is deposited by utilizing plasma reinforcing chemical vapor deposition method, and back electrode printing and positive electrode printing are performed. A high-temperature sintering processing is performed in a welding furnace after a positive electrode printing, and product is obtained after testing and selecting the product, where the high-temperature sintering processing is maintained in 900-960 degree centigrade for 3.5 minutes.    USE - Method for producing a crystalline silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the battery efficiency to 0.25-0.6 percentage, so that the battery can be produced in a larger manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a crystalline silicon solar battery.
NOVELTY - A substrate consists of insulating oxide film (I) having pores formed by anodic oxidation provided on a metal substrate, and insulating film (II) formed in portion of the pores to seal the pores at a sealing rate of 5-80%.    USE - Substrate is used for solar cells (claimed) used as electric-power supply source in buildings, such as residence.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate has excellent insulation property, insulating-layer adhesiveness, and flexibility, and economically provides lightweight and flexible solar cells having excellent withstand voltage characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A substrate consists of insulating oxide film (I) having pores formed by anodic oxidation provided on a metal substrate, and insulating film (II) formed in portion of the pores to seal the pores at a sealing rate of 5-80%. The substrate contains aluminum, zirconium, titanium, magnesium, niobium and/or tantalum, preferably aluminum. Insulating film (II) contains alkali metal ion, preferably sodium. A solar cell using the substrate has a semiconductor layer containing copper, silver, gallium, indium, sulfur, selenium and/or tellurium.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a gas passage pipe (2) through which hydrogen is supplied to the fuel cell stack (1). The gas passage pipe has ammonia adsorption units (23,33) that are arranged in parallel to each other. The ammonia adsorption units include mesoporous adsorbents (24,34) with low ammonia adsorption capacity and microporous adsorbents (25,35) with high ammonia adsorption capacity.    USE - Fuel cell system for use in automobile.    ADVANTAGE - The ammonia adsorption capacity is maintained for a long period of time and the hydrogen diffusivity is easily maintained at a sufficient level. Hence the fuel cell system exhibits sufficient performance over a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of controlling fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Gas passage pipe (2)    Ammonia adsorption unit (23,33)    Mesoporous adsorbents (24,34)    Microporous adsorbents (25,35)
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic-film forming composition contains hydrophilic polymer having silane coupling group in polymer terminal or side chain, and has di-methyl siloxane unit in polymer side chain, and metal complex catalyst.    USE - Composition for forming hydrophilic film. Uses include but are not limited to laminated glass, camera lens, copier lens, mirror for bathroom and washroom, sports goggles, shield of helmet, glass for buildings, gondola of motor vehicles and aircraft, air-conditioner outdoor unit and solar cell cover.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrophilic-film forming composition has excellent durability, water resistance, stain resistance and self-cleaning property.
NOVELTY - A polymeric material comprises UV absorber compound containing polyolefin, acrylic type polymer, polyester, polycarbonate and/or cellulose ester.    USE - The polymeric material is used for molded articles and fiber.    ADVANTAGE - The polymeric material is excellent in long wave UV absorptivity and light resistance, and maintains absorbing power for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymeric material comprises UV absorber compound of formula R1-N(R2)-C(Ra)=C(Rb)-C(Rc)=C(R3)-R4 (1) containing polyolefin, acrylic type polymer, polyester, polycarbonate and/or cellulose ester.    R1, R2 = H, alkyl, aryl or heterocyclic group;    R3, R4 = substituent with Hammett constant ( sigma p) value of greater than or equal to 0.2; and    Ra-Rc = H or monovalent substituent.    Provided that when R1 and R2 combine with each other, a ring containing nitrogen atom may form. When R3 and R4 combine with each other, a ring may form. When R1, Ra, Rb or Rc and 2 arbitrary groups combine with each other, a ring may form.
NOVELTY - The method involves providing impurity in top of a substrate, and irradiating a pulse laser for loading the substrate that is provided in a pulsed laser deposition chamber. An A-doped zinc oxide thin film is formed by a target portion, and indium tin oxide is contained in the impurity. Indium tin oxide powder and zinc oxide powder are provided in an oily milling system i.e. planetary milling system. A temperature of the substrate is maintained by the pulsed laser deposition chamber. An anode is formed in a fixed region of the substrate.    USE - Thin film i.e. transparent conductive oxide thin film, forming method for an emitting device (claimed) i.e. UV light device, solar cell window and a bulk acoustic wave device.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables indium tin oxide to dope with a pulsed laser deposition using the A -doped zinc oxide, suppresses oxygen vacancy, and prevents deep level emission. The method enables improving the luminous efficiency and lifetime of an UV light device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an emitting device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graphical illustration of an X-ray diffraction spectroscopy pattern of an A-doped zinc oxide thin film and indium tin oxide evaporated at temperatures by a pulsed laser deposition on a sapphire substrate.
NOVELTY - The humidifier has an inlet port (11) formed at a bottom side of a housing (10) and an outlet port (12) formed at an upper side of the housing. Multiple hollow fiber membranes (20) are formed at outer side of a cylindrical shaped disk (13). The disk is mounted on the housing through a rubber sealing. Third outlet port is provided, which generates torque while formed in hollow fiber membranes.    USE - Humidifier for a fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The humidifier has an inlet port formed at a bottom side of a housing and an outlet port formed at an upper side of the housing, where multiple hollow fiber membranes are formed at outer side of a cylindrical shaped disk, and hence ensures to increase the by-pass factor and heat and material transfer rate between dry gas and humidity gas.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a fuel cell vehicle humidifier.    Housing (10)    Inlet ports (11,21)    Outlet port (12)    Disk (13)    Hollow fiber membranes (20)
NOVELTY - A zinc oxide transparent electrode having surface irregularity of pyramidal V-shaped structure is formed on an insulating substrate. Then, the surface of zinc oxide transparent electrode formed on the substrate is etched using aqueous acid solution, and a microcrystalline silicon thin film is deposited on the zinc oxide transparent electrode. Thus, the manufacturing method of silicon solar cell is performed. The aqueous acid solution is chosen from hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid and acetic acid.    USE - Manufacture of microcrystalline silicon solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The microcrystalline silicon solar cell is manufactured efficiently in short period of time. The effect of open circuit voltage and curve factor of the microcrystalline silicon solar cell is highly reliable.
NOVELTY - The method involves measuring fuel consumption and velocity of fuel consumption of liquid type fuel cell. The fuel consumption or fuel consumption velocity of liquid type fuel cell is measured even when driving condition of fuel concentration is changed. The concentration of fuel is controlled based on measured fuel consumption and velocity of fuel consumption.    USE - Method for controlling fuel concentration of liquid type fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The concentration of fuel in liquid type fuel cell can be controlled by without using a sensor. The power consumption and the manufacturing cost of liquid type fuel cell device can be reduced. The error range during measurement of fuel concentration can be reduced and stable fuel cell operation can be realized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) apparatus for controlling fuel concentration of liquid type fuel cell; and    (2) liquid type fuel cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart explaining the process of controlling fuel concentration in liquid type fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - An upper crucible (120) and lower crucible (160) accommodating silicon melt are installed in upper and lower surfaces of chamber (110a). A silicon solidification unit is installed at the lower surface of a melt extraction unit (150). A gas injection portion is provided to supply the refinery gas used for removing impurity contained in the silicon melt. The heaters (140,170) are provided for heating the melt in the crucible. The upper crucible is equipped with tube made of graphite or quartz.    USE - Manufacturing apparatus of silicon ingot for solar battery used in photovoltaic module system.    ADVANTAGE - Refining efficiency of impurity contained in the melt is improved so that production yield is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the silicon ingot manufacturing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Chamber (110a)    Upper crucible (120)    Heaters (140,170)    Melt extraction unit (150)    Lower crucible (160)
NOVELTY - The low-viscosity coating apparatus has a slit nozzle (100) for coating a low-viscosity solution such as carbon nanotube (CNT) solution on the surface of a substrate that is placed on a table top. A baffle structure (40) has several baffle groups for controlling the discharge of the low-viscosity solution when the slit nozzle is driven by a driving unit. The viscosity of the solution is 10-2000 centipoises.    USE - Low-viscosity solution coating apparatus for use during manufacture of solar battery (claimed), flat panel display, thin film transistor (TFT)-LCD and organic electroluminescence (EL) display.    ADVANTAGE - The discharge of the low-viscosity solution can be controlled and the substrate surface can be effectively coated by the low-viscosity solution without reforming the nozzle.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of slit nozzle.    Housing (10)    Inlet port (20)    Low-viscosity solution receiving area (30)    Baffle structure (40)    Slit nozzle (100)
NOVELTY - The method involves utilizing 10 percent of chlorine gas or 20 percent of fluorine gas and inactive gas as etching gas. The etching gas is etched with ion among plasma and radical. The plasma of the mixing gas is performed by reactive ion etching, and inductively coupled plasma-reactive ion etching method. The chlorine gas is selected from chlorine and boron trichloride. The fluorine gas is selected from tetrafluoromethane, octafluoropropane and nitrogen trifluoride.    USE - Method for dry-etching indium tin oxide-zinc oxide (claimed) that is utilized as transparent conducting oxide. Uses include but are not limited to an optoelectronic device, thin film transistor LCD device, plasma display panel, an organic LED, a gas detect sensor and solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The indium tin oxide-zinc oxide has excellent etching property, fast etch rate and high anisotropy etch profile without attachment, so that the indium tin oxide-zinc oxide can be used in different fields as transparent conducting oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view illustrating indium tin oxide-zinc oxide dry-etching method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The solar cell has an indium tin oxide (ITO) layer deposited on a substrate (11) in a semiconductor electrode (10). A titanium oxide nanotube layer (13) is deposited on a transparent conduction layer (12) which is arranged on the substrate. A dye layer is formed by absorbing dye on the titanium oxide nanotube layer. A counter electrode is arranged opposing the titanium oxide nanotube layer in the semiconductor electrode. An electrolyte solution is interposed between electrodes, and is supplied to the dye layer by oxidation-reduction reaction.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The characteristic of the device and the low phosphor conversion efficiency can be improved due to the formation of titanium oxide nanotube layer on the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the dye-sensitized solar cell.    Semiconductor electrode (10)    Substrate (11)    Transparent conduction layer (12)    Titanium oxide nanotube layer (13)
NOVELTY - The exhaust gas after-treatment system has an intake system (200) in which a suction pipe (210) is equipped for supplying the external air to an engine (100). An exhaust pipe (600) is provided for the exhaustion of the exhaust gas ejected from the engine. The exhaust pipe is installed in a main fuel cell (400) and a sub fuel cell (500) is serially installed with the main fuel cell and processes the nitric oxide included among the exhaust gas. The main fuel cell and sub fuel cell are comprised of multiple unit cells consisting of solid electrolyte of thin plate space.    USE - Exhaust gas after-treatment system for use with fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The exhaust gas after-treatment system has an intake system in which a suction pipe is equipped for supplying the external air to an engine, and hence provides a cost-effective exhaust gas after-treatment system with increased process efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an exhaust gas after-treatment system.    Engine (100)    Intake system (200)    Suction pipe (210)    Main fuel cell (400)    Sub fuel cell (500)    Exhaust pipe (600)
NOVELTY - The method involves depositing a conductive layer (13) in front side of a semiconductor substrate (11). An electron transfer path is formed on the substrate by using pulse type laser annealing. A conductive layer material is partly diffused throughout the substrate. An electrode (15) is electrically connected to an upper part of the conductive layer. Another electrode is electrically connected to a back plane of the substrate. An emitter layer (12) is formed on the substrate, where resistivity of the conductive layer is lower than the resistivity of the emitter layer.    USE - Method for manufacturing a high efficient solar cell by using laser annealing.    ADVANTAGE - The method forms the electron transfer path on the semiconductor substrate by using pulse type laser annealing, and shades off the light by the electrode, thus minimizing resistive loss. The method forms the solar battery with high efficiency by using the laser annealing, by not doping impurity in the semiconductor substrate front board. The method increases the contact area between the electrode and the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating a high efficient solar cell manufacturing method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Solar battery (10)    Semiconductor substrate (11)    Emitter layer (12)    Conductive layer (13)    Electrode (15)
NOVELTY - A titanium-aluminum-carbide composite material has main crystal phase containing titanium-aluminum-carbides and titanium carbide. The titanium carbide particles of nanosize 100 or more are distributed in titanium-aluminum-carbide matrix phase.    USE - Titanium-aluminum-carbide composite material is used for space aviation, ceramics and inter-connector for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The titanium-aluminum-carbide composite material has excellent strength, chemical resistance, heat resistance, electrical resistance and machinability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A titanium-aluminum-carbide composite material has main crystal phase containing titanium-aluminum-carbides (Ti3AlC2 and Ti2AlC) and titanium carbide (TiCy), where y is greater than 0.6. The titanium carbide particles of nanosize 100 or more are distributed in titanium-aluminum-carbide matrix phase. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of titanium-aluminum-carbide composite material.
NOVELTY - A nickel chloride hexahydrate is dissolved in distilled water at 20-30 degrees C and sodium hydroxide is added, to obtain nickel hydroxide. The nickel hydroxide is mixed with aqueous hypophosphite and reacted. The reaction product is washed and dried, to obtain nickel powder.    USE - Manufacture of nickel powder used for magnetic material, material of electric contact point, adhesive, catalyst, welding rod coating material, plasma jet coating agent, laminated ceramic condenser, metal carbide, porous electrode, steam generator, cathode material, fluorescent lamp, heat exchanger, fuel cell and nickel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively provides nickel powder without using alkali boron hydride and hydrazinium compound.
NOVELTY - A zinc hydroxide nitrate, acid and base are added and neutralized. Then, the zinc salt is dissolved in organic solvent, and subjected to metal-oxide polymerization reaction, to obtain a zinc oxide precursor having relaxed layer distance.    USE - Manufacture of zinc oxide precursor used for zinc oxide thin film for laminate used for electronic component such as transparent electrode, solar battery, optical sensor, thin film transistor, zinc oxide nanowire, and light emission element (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The zinc oxide precursor having excellent solubility is efficiently manufactured.
NOVELTY - An activated charcoal precursor and potassium hydroxide are mixed in weight ratio of 1:2-5 and pulverized, to obtain mixture. The obtained mixture is dehydrated at 350-450 degrees c. The dehydrated mixture is heat-treated at 700-900 degrees c. The resultant product is cooled, washed and dried, to obtain activated charcoal.    USE - Preparation of high porous activated charcoal used for absorbing and storing methane (claimed) used in natural gas vehicle and fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides activated charcoal having high porosity and methane storage capacity, excellent transportability without environmental pollution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flowchart illustrating preparation of high porous activated charcoal. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A source region (5S) and drain region (5D) of a n-type metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) transistor (21) on an insulating substrate (3) are joined to a channel region (7) by a schottky junction. A source region (6S) and drain region (6D) of a p-type MOS transistor (22) on the substrate are joined to a channel region by a p-n junction.    USE - Method of manufacturing complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) device for use in thin film transistor (TFT) used in LCD. can also be used in organic and inorganic electroluminescence (EL) display devices, field emission display (FED) apparatus, light emitting polymer display device, LED display device, charge coupled device (CCD) area/linear sensor apparatus, CMOS and MOS sensor apparatus, and solar cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate floating effect can be eliminated. The kink electric current of CMOS can be suppressed, thus circuit operation can be stabilized. The manufacturing process can be simplified.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating complementary metal oxide semiconductor device manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Insulating substrate (3)    Drain regions (5D,6D)    Source regions (5S,6S)    Channel region (7)    N-type MOS transistor (21)    P-type MOS transistor (22)
NOVELTY - The catalyst has an electro-conductive support and a catalyst represented with a formula supported by the electro-conductive support. A membrane-electrode composite (MEA) comprises a proton-conductive film (2) arranged between an anode (3) and a cathode (4). The proton-conductive film is clamped between the anode and the cathode, and comprises an anode catalyst layer (3a) formed in a contact surface side with the proton-conductive film of the anode. A cathode catalyst layer (4a) is formed in the contact surface side with the proton-conductive film of the cathode.    USE - Catalyst for use in a fuel cell e.g. polymer electrolyte fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has high catalyst activity, and outstanding stability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a membrane-electrode composite (MEA) for a fuel cell.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Proton-conductive film (2)    Anode (3)    Anode catalyst layer (3a)    Cathode (4)    Cathode catalyst layer (4a)
NOVELTY - A fuel oil has aromatic content of 20 volume% or less, total sulfur content of 80 mass ppm or less, initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C, and 95% distillation curve of 270 degrees C or less.    USE - Fuel oil is used for fuel cell for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil provides fuel cell system having excellent durability.
NOVELTY - A thermosetting type electrically conductive paste comprises melamine resin and thermosetting resin containing silicone modified epoxy resin as main components, electroconductive metal powder and organic phosphorus acid type surfactant which has acidic group and does not have amine titer. The ratio of melamine resin with respect to total amount of melamine resin and silicone modified epoxy resin is 60-95 wt.%.    USE - A thermosetting type electrically conductive paste for forming jumper circuit of printed circuit board, through-hole conductor and additive circuit, conductor circuit of touch panel, electrode of tantalum capacitor, electrode of film capacitor, resistance terminal and electrode of solar cell, exterior electrode and internal electrode of chip type ceramic electronic component, capacitor of decoupling circuits, electromagnetic shielding and conductive adhesive. Can also be used in heat resistant low resin board, amorphous silicon and conductive polymer and organic electroluminescent.    ADVANTAGE - The electrically conductive paste is excellent in screen printing property, electroconductivity, adhesiveness, film strength, solder dip resistance, cold-cure property, dispersibility and storage stability, and can form accurate wiring pattern.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module comprises the p layer and n layer which are formed in the back surface of the photovoltaic cells (20-22). The bus-bar electrodes (13,14) are respectively intersected with the finger electrodes formed on the p+ layer and n+ layer.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The operation efficiency of the solar cell module can be improved by providing the photovoltaic cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of the solar cell module.    Bus-bar electrodes (13,14)    Insulator (16)    Hole (17)    Substrate (18)    Photovoltaic cells (20-22)
NOVELTY - A fuel oil comprises naphthene benzene ( less than or equal to 10 vol%) and sulfur with total amount of less than or equal to 80 mass ppm. The fuel oil has initial boiling points of 135-170 degrees C and distillation temperature of less than or equal to 270 degrees C at distillation curve of 95%.    USE - Fuel oil for fuel cell used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The production of gaseous state by-product can be suppressed and running of fuel cell system can be continued stably for a long time.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell system has a calculation unit (103) that calculates water retention amount of fuel cell stack, based on the temperature of fuel cell stack and current-voltage characteristics of fuel cell stack. The target voltage level of the fuel cell stack is calculated, while warming-up the fuel cell stack, based on the amount of voltage applied to a load. The amount of voltage applied to the fuel cell stack is controlled, to coincide with the target value.    USE - Fuel cell system used in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The starting of the fuel cell system from sub-zero temperature is enabled and power generation performance of the fuel cell system by using a simple technique.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for control method of fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Driving state detector (101)    Electric power equivalent voltage calculation unit (102)    Water retention amount calculation unit (103)    Target voltage level calculation unit (104)    Controller (106)
NOVELTY - A fuel oil contains 16C or more paraffin hydrocarbon of 3 mass% or less and total sulfur content of 80 mass ppm or less. The fuel oil has initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C and 95% distillation temperature of 270 degrees C or less in distillation curve.    USE - Fuel oil for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell containing the fuel oil has excellent durability.
NOVELTY - A zirconium tungstate-silicon oxide composite sintered compact comprises sintered powder of zirconium tungstate and silicon oxide.    USE - Zirconium tungstate-silicon oxide composite sintered compact for molding of high frequency board separator, surface acoustic wave (SAW) device, optical fibers ferrule, optical fiber gratings board, and covering for optical fibers or fuel cells (claimed). Can also be used for high frequency device, apparatus field, optical field, heat energy field and electronic material field and as functional ceramics material.    ADVANTAGE - The composite sintered compact is excellent in high frequency characteristic, dimensional stability, has improved density, and occurrence of crack is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a manufacture of zirconium tungstate-silicon oxide composite sintered compact.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system (S1) has a fixed portion (2) for fixing hydrazine, a supernatant liquor supply portion (4) for supplying aqueous supernatant liquor to fixed portion, a fuel cell (1) and wastewater recirculation portion (6) for recirculating wastewater discharged from fuel cell to supernatant liquor supply portion. The supernatant liquor detaches hydrazine in fixed portion, and detached hydrazine is supplied as fuel to fuel cell.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrazine detached in fixed portion is stably supplied to fuel cell of fuel cell system. The requirement of installation of wastewater treatment is eliminated.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic block diagram of fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell (1)    Fixed portion (2)    Supernatant liquor supply portion (4)    Wastewater recirculation portion (6)    Fuel cell system (S1)
NOVELTY - A fuel oil comprises peroxide ( less than or equal to 160 mass ppm) and sulfur with total amount of less than or equal to 80 mass ppm. The distillation curve of fuel oil in initial boiling points of 135-170 degrees C and 95% distillation temperature is less than or equal to 270 degrees C.    USE - A fuel oil, e.g. petroleum-type hydrocarbon oil for fuel cells used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil fully maintains lifetime of desulfurizing agent used by fuel cell system in desulfurization processing, reduces replacement frequency of desulfurizing agent, and stably continues running of fuel cell system for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A titanium dioxide integrated nanocrystal is obtained by depositing titanium oxide crystals on a substrate by precipitating a reaction solution. The titanium dioxide integrated nanocrystal contains anatase titanium dioxide single phase. The titanium dioxide integrated nanocrystal has needle crystal that grows from particle center along c-axis to outwards. The tip portion of the needle crystal contains anatase titanium dioxide single phase. The titanium dioxide integrated nanocrystal has anatase titanium dioxide crystal exposed on the surface.    USE - Titanium dioxide nanocrystal is used for forming film used for anatase titanium dioxide-type device (both claimed). Can also be used for photocatalyst, cosmetics, dye-sensitized solar cell, molecule sensor, gas sensor, solution sensor, stain-resistant coating, fog preventing coating and hydrophilic surface coating.    ADVANTAGE - The titanium dioxide nanocrystal is manufactured efficiently even at low temperature, and provides titanium dioxide-type devices with excellent performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of titanium dioxide integrated nanocrystal, which involves forming acicular titanium dioxide nanocrystals using reaction solution on a substrate. Then, the nanocrystals are grown and the formed acicular titanium dioxide nanocrystals are integrated.
NOVELTY - A molten metal of silver-copper-X alloy (X is iron, nickel or cobalt) in two-phase region of ternary type liquid phase is sprayed and cooled rapidly. A core portion has dispersed phase structure and copper-X phase formed by dispersing the copper-X-based alloy in silver matrix. Thus, manufacture of electroconductive powder is carried out. The electroconductive powder has structure(s) surrounded by silver-rich phase.    USE - Manufacture of electroconductive powder (claimed) used as filler material for forming electroconductive paste for electronic component such as internal electrode of multilayer capacitor, conductive pattern of circuit board, solar cell and electrode for flat panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily and economically provides electroconductive powder by using reduced amount of silver.
NOVELTY - The edge portion of the electric power generation region where the electric power is removed, is traversed at the time of the electric power generation and the laser is irradiated to a transparent electrode layer within the range of the circumference area (3) before removing a photoelectric conversion unit so that the lengths (L1,L2) of the laser irradiation lines (8L,9L) are 10 mm or less.    USE - Manufacturing method of photoelectric conversion apparatus such as solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture content permeated inside from the board edge portion is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for photoelectric conversion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Board (1)    Circumference area (3)    Laser irradiation lines (8L,9L)    Lengths of lines (LI,L2)
NOVELTY - The reformer (10) has modifier (1) that generates reformed gas for steam reforming of hydrocarbon. A CO removal machine (3) is filled with CO selective oxidation catalyst. A CO concentration measuring unit detects CO concentration in supplied gas. A CO selective oxidation catalyst oxidation judging unit (4) measures degradation state of CO selective oxidation catalyst. The reformed gas is circulated in CO removal machine based on whether the measured CO concentration exceeds predetermined value or not.    USE - Reformer for fuel cell power generating device.    ADVANTAGE - The oxidation state of CO selective oxidation catalyst is evaluated simply with sufficient precision.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for oxidation judging method of CO selective oxidation catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reformer.(Drawing includes non-English language text)    Modifier (1)    CO Removal machine (3)    CO selective oxidation catalyst oxidation judging unit (4)    Reformer (10)    Piping (L1-L5)
NOVELTY - A back sheet (30) has an adhesive (20) layer interposed to stick an organic film (A) (10) and an organic film (B) (11). The adhesive layer contains resin component (21) and inorganic pigment component (22).    USE - Back sheet is used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The back sheet has excellent adhesive strength, and improved ultraviolet-ray removal effect and visible ray removal effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of back sheet used for solar cell.    Organic film-A (10)    Organic film-B (11)    Adhesive layer (20)    Resin component (21)    Inorganic pigment component (22)    Back sheet (30)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer has metal nanoparticles (10) provided on a semiconductor layer (20), and generates an electric charge by light irradiation. The photoelectric transducer has a core-shell type charge generation portion with a chalcogenide semiconductor as a shell portion (40) and a portion protruded from the semiconductor layer of metal particles as a core portion (30).    USE - Photoelectric transducer is used for plasmon resonance type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transducer has excellent operativity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric transducer has metal nanoparticles provided on a semiconductor layer, and generates an electric charge by light irradiation. The photoelectric transducer has a core-shell type charge generation portion with a chalcogenide semiconductor as a shell portion and a portion protruded from the semiconductor layer of metal particles as a core portion. The metal nanoparticles contain gold, silver, platinum, copper and/or palladium. The chalcogenide semiconductor contains metal sulfide. The semiconductor layer is titanium oxide layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of photoelectric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the photoelectric transducer.    Metal nanoparticles (10)    Semiconductor layer (20)    Core portion (30)    Shell portion (40)    Transparent electrode (50)
NOVELTY - A carbon rod (1) for holding metal material comprising metal microparticles is suspended within a chamber. The pressure inside the chamber is reduced to 10-5 to 10-3 Pa. Inactive inert gas is introduced into the chamber with respect to the metal material, and the pressure in the chamber is adjusted to 100 to 50,000 Pa. Electroheating is performed by applying a voltage to the carbon rod.    USE - Carbon-coated metal microparticles manufacturing method for, e.g., catalyst for fuel cells, magnetic recording medium, electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - Manufactures carbon-coated metal microparticles having uniform particle diameter.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a carbon rod.    Carbon rod (1)    Convex part (2a)    Carbon rod for contact (3)    Springs (4,5)    Carbon rod holders (6,7)
NOVELTY - A polyimide film is manufactured by casting solvent solution of polyimide precursor on support body, removing solvent in solution and exfoliating a self-supportive film from support body, extending self-supportive film in width direction, and heating at initial stage heating temperature of 80-300 degrees C and final heating temperature of 350-580 degrees C.    USE - Manufacture of polyimide film for wiring unit (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to integrated circuit chip, flexible printed circuit, tape automatic bonding, LCD, organic electro luminescence display, electronic paper, solar cell, and semiconductor chip such as silicon chip.    ADVANTAGE - Has excellent thermal expansion characteristic.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a polyimide film;    (2) a polyimide laminated body;    (3) a polyimide metal laminated body; and    (4) a wiring unit.
NOVELTY - A curable composition comprises (co)polymer, and a compound which has (meth)acryloyl group(s) and heterocyclic structure(s) containing oxygen in 1 molecule.    USE - Curable composition for cured material, adhesive agent (claimed), optical recording medium (e.g. compact disc or DVD), image display apparatus (e.g. flat panel display), optical component, solar cell component or anisotropic electrically conductive film.    ADVANTAGE - Has high base material adhesiveness, and excellent transparency, light resistance and water resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A curable composition comprises (co)polymer having unit of formula (1), and a compound which has (meth)acryloyl group(s) and heterocyclic structure(s) containing oxygen in 1 molecule.    R1,R2=H or substituent.
NOVELTY - A complex resin composition comprises compound which has functional group, microparticles (40-90 vol.%), and organic solvent ( not greater than 10 wt.%). The arrangement of microparticles after hardening composition is an ordered structure.    USE - Complex resin composition for cured material (claimed) used as transparent sheet, optical lens, optical disk substrate, plastic substrate for LCD elements, substrate for color filters, plastic substrate for organic electroluminescent display elements, solar cell substrate, touch panel, optical element, optical waveguide or LED sealing agent.    ADVANTAGE - Has excellent transparency, heat resistance, solvent resistance, and low linear expansion coefficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a cured material comprising complex resin composition crosslinked by an active energy ray.
NOVELTY - An aromatic polyamide comprises paraphenylene terephthalamide derivatives as structural units.    USE - Aromatic polyamide for aromatic polyamide film, laminated body, copolymer (claimed), molding or fiber. The aromatic polyamide film may be used for base film of flexible printed substrate, substrate for semiconductor mounting, multilayer laminated circuit board, capacitor, printer ribbon, sound diaphragm, solar cell or magnetic recording medium.    ADVANTAGE - Has high Young's modulus and excellent solubility, and does not contain chlorine and bromine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An aromatic polyamide comprises paraphenylene terephthalamide derivatives of formulae (I), (II) and (III) as structural units.    a=5 to less than 80;    b=greater than 0 but less than 80;    c=greater than 0 but less than 95; and    R1=H, fluorine, Me or NO2.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) an aromatic polyamide film containing aromatic polyamide;    (2) a laminated body comprising layer(s) containing aromatic polyamide; and    (3) a copolymer containing greater than or equal to 50 mass% of aromatic polyamide.
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive polymeric-material film has conductive polymer provided on the support. The conductive polymer is modified by base metal, and has metal nanoparticles.    USE - Transparent conductive polymeric-material film used for liquid crystal display, plasma display, electrochromic display, solar cell, touch panel and electromagnetic shielding material.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive polymeric-material film has excellent electroconductivity, transparency and moisture resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of transparent conductive polymeric-material film, which involves polymerizing conductive polymer using metal complex as poly-acidizing agent, forming metal nanoparticles by reductive reaction of metal complex, followed by modifying the conductive-polymer coat film containing uniformly dispersed metal nanoparticles and contacting the metal nanoparticles with base metal.
NOVELTY - The solar battery module (M1) has several thin-film solar batteries (10) and a supporting plate (G1). The thin-film photoelectric conversion elements are formed by stacking electrode layers and a photoelectric conversion layer on an insulated substrate. The photoelectric conversion elements are electrically connected in series in a string provided in the solar battery. A conductive frame (F1) is attached to an outer circumference of the supporting plate such that the solar batteries are arranged and fixed on the supporting plate.    USE - Thin-film solar battery module.    ADVANTAGE - Since several solar batteries are arranged on a single supporting plate and the frame is attached on the supporting plate, the number of frames is reduced so as to reduce the module weight and the handling of wiring is simplified. The manufacturing cost of the battery module is reduced. An external appearance of the battery module is improved due to the absence of the frame between the solar batteries. The cracking of the substrates due to contact between the solar batteries is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of producing thin-film solar battery module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the thin-film solar battery module.    Thin-film solar battery (10)    Bus bar (117)    Retrieving line (1118)    Terminal box (1123)    Frame (F1)    Supporting plate (G1)    Solar battery module (M1)
NOVELTY - Radiation-hardenable elastomer mixture comprises (a) a low viscous polymer with at least two radiation-cross-linkable functional groups per molecule, (b) at least a monofunctional reactive diluent and (c) at least a photoinitiator.    USE - The elastomer is useful: as sealing material, preferably in fuel cell, for loose sealing such as gasket; as adhesive sealing or soft metal sealing, adhesive mass, coating and impregnation material; for the production of membrane and a composite material; and for the protection of substrates against water, water vapor, acids, lye, electrolytic solutions, non-polar or polar solvents, alcohols and cooling agents (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The elastomer mixture shows good processibility and is easy to handle due to its low viscosity. The elastomer exhibits improved mechanical properties such as tensile strength and ultimate elongation and stability over a longer period.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) preparation of an elastomer, comprising hardening the low viscous elastomer mixture by radiation;    (2) the elastomer, obtained by the above process; and    (3) a composite material comprising the elastomer and a substrate bonded with it.
NOVELTY - The glass with anti-reflective coating for photovoltaic and solar panels, comprise a Teflon (RTM: Polytetrafluoroethylene) layer, which is applied on the glass with a thickness of 10 mu m and is laid over the glass edges. A side of the Teflon (RTM: Polytetrafluoroethylene) layer turned to the atmosphere is textured. The texturing is carried out with lateral patterns in 5-50 mu m for the soil-repellent characteristic, where the depth of the texturing has same magnitude as the lateral structure.    USE - Glass with anti-reflective coating for photovoltaic and solar panels.    ADVANTAGE - The glass has improved protection against mechanical effects such as scratch and light blows.
NOVELTY - The arrangement (10) has vertical poles (12, 14) resting on a concrete base, and rafters (20) connecting the poles with each other, and roof beams on which solar panels are arranged. The roof beams (30) are supported on the rafters. The rafters comprise a contact surface (22) for the beams. The surface is sectionally curved transverse to an extension direction of the rafters. The rafters in cross section are designed as a Z-profile. The surface is formed by a flange (26) of the Z-profile. Sliding elements i.e. Teflon(RTM: PTFE) element, are provided at impact points between the poles.    USE - Open air assembly arrangement for mounting and adjusting solar panels used for power generation, in an open air system in large area and free-plane open air solar system.    ADVANTAGE - The contact surface of the rafters for the roof beam, is sectionally curved transverse to the extension direction of the rafters, thus ensuring simple assembly and construction of the arrangement without using special angular insertion parts between the rafters and the roof beams, and ensuring good and low-stress adaptability of the arrangement to variable land topographies.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic front view of an assembly arrangement for solar panels.    Assembly arrangement (10)    Vertical poles (12, 14)    Rafters (20)    Contact surface (22)    Upper flange (26)    Roof beams (30)
NOVELTY - Manufacturing an electronic device with two contacts or a cathode (7) and an anode (2), of which one and/or one or both are completely or partially permeable for light, with one or more organic, semiconducting layers and one or more further organic buffer layers between the contacts and/or between cathode and anode, is claimed, where a solution is sprayed for bringing at least one porous layer, and the solution contains an organic material.    USE - The process deals with the manufacture of an electronic device, which is an organic solar cell or an organic light-emitting diode (all claimed), an optical detector, a laser diode, a field-quenching device or an optical amplifier.    ADVANTAGE - The crosslinking of porous layers increases the mechanical stability and loading capacity of the manufactured layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) the electronic device, manufactured by the above process;    (2) an organic light emitting diode with a transparent electrode, preferably with a porous, organic buffer layer, where the porosity of the buffer layer varies within the layer;    (3) a lighting with a light emitting diode; and    (4) an organic solar cell with at least one porous layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of a construction of an organic light emitting diode with a glass panel (1), which serves as substrate.    Glass panel (1)    Anode (2)    Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) layer (3)    Hole conductor layer (4)    Cathode. (7)
NOVELTY - The element has a structure comprising a passivation material (4) that contains a drying agent. The drying agent is mixed into the passivation material, where the passivation material is electrically insulated. The structure has a layer, and a line with a layer thickness between 20 nanometer (nm) and 5000 picometer (pm). The drying agent is provided in a concentration of 3 to 80 weight percentage, where the drying agent is homogeneously distributed in the passivation material that contains epoxide, polyimide, clay, minerals and acrylates. The agent contains calcium oxide and/or zeolite.    USE - Organic electronic element e.g. organic LED (OLED) and organic solar cell, for use in a display (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The drying agent is mixed into the passivation material, where the passivation material is electrically insulated, so that a very high transparency can be obtained and a majority of passivated surfaces can be covered by the passivation material, which can be protected. The drying agent is provided in the concentration of 3 to 80 weight percentage, so that the sufficient activation of the drying agent can be obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for producing an organic electronic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a structure of an organic LED with a passivation layer during the manufacturing process of the organic LED.    Substrate (2)    Metal upper surfaces (3)    Passivation material (4)    Adhesive (8)    Cover (9)
NOVELTY - The film has an up-conversion material provided with up-conversion function, where the material is titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, halide, sulphide, nanometer material, micron crystal material or film material and the film is directly synthesized through chemical or physical process and obtained in mechanically stirring mode or ultrasonic mixing mode. Ratio of up-conversion material and ordinary nano-porous semiconductor film is provided between 0.01 and 1.    USE - Nano-porous semiconductor film for a dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The film up-converts infrared light into the visible light, which is easy to adsorb by the dye-sensitized nanometer material, and adopted for a dye molecule to adsorb sunlight in the wider spectral coverage to increase photoelectric conversion efficiency.
NOVELTY - Polyglycol (0.1-0.4 g/ml) and hydroxyethyl cellulose are added to an aqueous solution of platinic chloride having concentration of 0.01-0.05 g/ml. The solution is stirred uniformly, and 0.01-0.03 g/ml of nanosize carbon powder, carbon nanotube or inorganic ammonium salt powder capable of dissolving by heating is added. The resulting product is uniformly mixed and coated on surface of conductive glass with thickness of 0.1-1 micron. The coating is sintered at 350-450 degrees C for 20-30 minutes, and a platinum electrode having porous structure is formed.    USE - Formation of platinum electrode having porous structure used for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The platinum electrode having favorable catalytic effect and surface area is manufactured, and provides solar cell having improved photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Polyglycol (0.1-0.4 g/ml) and hydroxyethyl cellulose are added to an aqueous solution of platinic chloride having concentration of 0.01-0.05 g/ml. The solution is stirred uniformly, and 0.01-0.03 g/ml of nanosize carbon powder, carbon nanotube or inorganic ammonium salt powder capable of dissolving by heating is added. The resulting product is uniformly mixed and coated on surface of conductive glass with thickness of 0.1-1 micron. The coating is sintered at 350-450 degrees C for 20-30 minutes, and a platinum electrode having porous structure is formed. The ammonium salt powder is ammonium chloride, ammonium nitrate or ammonium perchlorate.
NOVELTY - The condenser has a reflection cylinder i.e. cylinder component, whose opening diameter is big and bottom diameter is small. Bottom of the reflection cylinder is installed on a heating panel, and a round battery piece is installed on bottom port of the reflection cylinder that is fixed on the heating panel, where the bottom port has smaller diameter. Cylinder internal wall of the reflection cylinder uses a curved line or polyline made of multiple straight lines as generatrix. Revolution surface is obtained by whirling around center line.    USE - High-efficient photovoltaic generating condenser.    ADVANTAGE - The reflection cylinder of the condenser equally reflects sunlight for multiple times to the round battery piece at bottom of the condenser so as to increase illumination intensity of the round battery piece and improve power generation power of the round battery piece.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side sectional view of a high-efficient photovoltaic generating condenser.
NOVELTY - The structure has a gallium nitride nucleating layer formed above a substrate i.e. sapphire substrate, for increasing a nucleation density at a surface of the substrate. A non-intended doping gallium nitride buffer layer is formed above the gallium nitride nucleating layer for reducing a defect density of an extension layer and increasing a quality of a crystal. An n-type doping indium gallium nitride layer is formed above the non-intended doping gallium nitride buffer layer. A p-type doping indium gallium nitride layer is formed above the n-type doping indium gallium nitride layer.    USE - Inversion double-junction indium gallium nitride solar battery structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an inversion double-junction indium gallium nitride solar battery structure.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - Acetonitrile and organo molybdenum compound (1) or mixed, to obtain solution. The obtained solution is fed to glove box under nitrogen atmosphere and mixed with magnetic mixer, to obtain coating solution. Then, the coating solution is coated on optical active layer of polymer solar cell with spin coater, to obtain coat layer having thickness of 40-50 nm. The obtained spin-coated solar cell is placed in glove box under nitrogen atmosphere, heated and acetonitrile is volatilized, to obtain cathode interface modified layer coated on active layer of solar cell.    USE - Cathode interface modification of polymer solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently and easily forms cathode interface modified layer on the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Acetonitrile and organo molybdenum compound of formula (1) or mixed, to obtain solution (1-2 mass%). The obtained solution is fed to glove box under nitrogen atmosphere at 40-50 degrees C and mixed with magnetic mixer for 2-4 hours, to obtain coating solution. Then, the coating solution is coated on optical active layer polymer solar cell with spin coater at 500 rpm for 4-6 seconds and 3500-4000 rpm for 1-3 minutes, to obtain coat layer having thickness of 40-50 nm. The obtained spin-coated solar cell is placed in glove box under nitrogen atmosphere, heated at 65-85 degrees C for 3-50 minutes and acetonitrile is volatilized, to obtain cathode interface modified layer coated on active layer of solar cell.    R=H or linear 6C or less alkane.
NOVELTY - The pressing plate and cathode collector plates are provided in the edge of the cathode of the membrane electrode unit. The anode collector plate is provided in the edge of the anode of the membrane electrode unit. The opening is provided in the upper portion of the pressing plate. A cathode flow channel plate faces the cathode collector plate and pressing plate, to form a flow channel between the inner surface of the cathode collector plate and pressing plate.    USE - Fuel cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The performance of the fuel cell module is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the fuel cell module.
NOVELTY - A sputtering target (2) comprises a base target (21), and target materials (221-223) that are repeatedly and regularly arranged and cemented on the base target.    USE - A sputtering target for use in a vacuum sputter manufactured by film solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The mixed sputtering of the target material can be formed without an advanced operation of prefabricating the target material to a mixture with a design of the sputtering target. The remaining target material can be easily separately recycled, thus improving economic efficiency of the target material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view of the sputtering target.    Sputtering target (2)    Base target (21)    Target materials (221-223)
NOVELTY - A supporting device has a frame that is mounted with several plates having a shaft and a bearing at ends. The cell slices are supported on the surface of the plate and positioned by a positioning component. The plates are arranged parallel to each other at inclined position and rotated at a specific angle around the shaft using a turning device. The plates are returned from the inclined positions to horizontal position due to the gravitational effect so as to attain a serial arrangement in an overlapping state.    USE - Serial arrangement system of flexible copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS) solar cell slice.    ADVANTAGE - The cell slices can be arranged effectively and accurately.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for serial arrangement method of flexible copper CIGS solar cell slice.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of serial arrangement system of flexible CIGS solar cell slice.
NOVELTY - High-active methanol-tolerant cathode catalyst of direct methanol fuel cell comprises active component and carrier; where the active component is copper/ platinum and metal complex, and carrier is carbon nanotube; and the metal comprises iron, cobalt or nickel.    USE - The process is useful for preparing high-active methanol-tolerant cathode catalyst which is also useful for direct methanol fuel cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst prepared in the method has high oxygen reduction activity and excellent methanol-tolerant performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the method for preparing high-active methanol-tolerant cathode catalyst of direct methanol fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A titanium nitride carrier of proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalyst or mixed carrier of titanium nitride and carbon carrier comprises titanium nitride or mixture of titanium nitride and carbon carrier. The carbon carrier is active carbon, carbon nanometer tubes, carbon molecular sieve or carbon fiber. The content of titanium nitride is 1-100% of total content of carrier.    USE - Titanium nitride carrier of proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalyst or mixed carrier of titanium nitride and carbon carrier.    ADVANTAGE - The titanium nitride carrier of proton exchange membrane fuel cell catalyst or mixed carrier of titanium nitride and carbon carrier has high catalyzing property.
NOVELTY - A composite material of iodized monolayer graphite and polymer comprises 0.1-100 parts of iodized monolayer graphite and 0.1-100 parts of polymer.    USE - The composite material is useful for manufacturing organic electron luminescence and organic solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composite material of iodized monolayer graphite and polymer has high transmittance and high conductivity; it is soluble in water and organic solvent and it is cheap. It is hopeful to replace polystyrene sulfonic acid (PSS)-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxylenethiophene) (PEDOT) and it will be the new-type porous transmitting material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the preparation method of the composite material.
NOVELTY - An oligomer blue light-emitting material comprises taking fluorene or anthracene as parent material with different conjugate lengths in synthetic series of main constitution unit, using compounds with various functional groups with linear or branched structure to seal end, and obtaining the oligomer blue light-emitting material.    USE - The oligomer blue light-emitting material is used for preparing high-effective and stable organic blue light-emitting apparatus and organic electronic apparatus like photovoltaic solar battery, information memory and thin film transistor (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An oligomer blue light-emitting material comprises taking fluorene or anthracene as parent material with different conjugate lengths in synthetic series of main constitution unit, using compounds with various functional groups with linear or branched structure to seal end, and obtaining the oligomer blue light-emitting material; common structural formula of oligomer molecular is given in the specification, where the conjugate segment and end capping group S comprise luminous conjugate aromatic ring. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is a method for preparing the oligomer blue light-emitting material.
NOVELTY - An improver for fuel cell comprises (pts.wt.) cation fluorocarbon surfactant (0.01-1), petroleum ether (1-5), toluene (5-15), propane (10-20), and liquid amine (5-15).    USE - The improver is used for fuel cell (claimed). It is also used in alcohol hydrocarbon fuel combination.    ADVANTAGE - The improver for fuel cell increases utilization rate of fuel.
NOVELTY - The battery has a heavily doped emitter (6) partially entered in through-holes (2), and a conductive metal electrode (5) equipped on the heavily doped emitter to play a function for collecting minority carriers. The through-holes are arranged in a hexagonal-lattice mode in silicon chips (1). A conductive metal electrode (7) is provided in a groove to play a function for collecting minority carriers, where the conductive metal electrodes deposited in the groove are insulated and separated by steps of the groove.    USE - Emitter-wrap-through (EWT) solar battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an emitter-wrap-through (EWT) solar battery manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an emitter-wrap-through solar battery.    Silicon chips (1)    Through-holes (2)    Conductive metal electrode (5)    Heavily doped emitter (6)    Conductive metal electrode (7)
NOVELTY - A composite proton exchange membrane for high-temperature fuel cell, comprises (wt.%) polyphenol fluorenyl ether ketone (85-91), inorganic nano-particles (1-15), and methylcellulose (0.1-0.5).    USE - The composite proton exchange membrane is useful for high-temperature fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The composite proton exchange membrane has excellent electric conductivity at high temperature and lower humidity. Moreover, the preparation process is simple, and the material cost and the production cost are low; thus, it can satisfy the demand of cost of the fuel cell for the proton exchange membrane and has wide application prospect.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is a preparation method of the composite proton exchange membrane.
NOVELTY - The device has preheating, evaporating, reforming, and carbon dioxide absorbing units. The reaction chips are provided with micro channel, fluid inlet channel, heat transfer channel, and fluid exit channel on the metal substrate. The units are connected by diffusion welding. An instrument is equipped with safety valve (101), safety valve (102) of reforming unit, air flow measuring meter (106), temperature meter (103) of reforming unit, and temperature meter (104) of carbon dioxide purifying unit. A heat insulating material is provided between frame and instrument.    USE - Portable hydrogen source device for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the hydrogen source device is portable, management and utilization states of device can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the portable hydrogen source device for fuel cell.    Safety valve (101)    Safety valve of reforming unit (102)    Temperature meter of reforming unit (103)    Temperature meter of carbon dioxide purifying unit (104)    Air flow measuring meter (106)
NOVELTY - The thin-film solar cell has a transparent substrate (1) or an opaque substrate (9), a transparent conductive thin film (2), an intrinsic silicon layer (5), a back electrode layer (8), p-type silicon doped layers (3,4) and n-type doped layers (6,7). The optical band gap of p-type and n-type silicon doped layers adjacent to the intrinsic layer is larger than the optical band gap of other p-type and n-type silicon doped layers. The band gap value is not more than 0.45eV.    USE - Doped layer silicone base thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cost of the thin-film solar cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view illustrating the thin-film solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Conductive thin film (2)    P-type silicon doped layers (3,4)    Intrinsic silicon layer (5)    N-type doped layers (6,7)    Back electrode layer (8)    Opaque substrate (9)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses the manufacturing method of titanium dioxide slurry, which includes the titanium alcoholate proceeding acid hydrolysis in presence of alcohol solvent to produce the porous nano-titanium dioxide slurry. This titanium dioxide slurry can be mixed with commercial titanium dioxide powder to prepare the work electrode of the thin film by the doctor blade method. In addition, the said titanium dioxide slurry also can be individually coated on the conductive substrate as insulation layer to enhance the adhesion of slurry to conductive substrate and to enhance the sensitivity of the light energy conversion of the solar cells.
NOVELTY - A method of bonding cermets with metal and a fuel cell of using the same are provided. First, a cermet layer is provided on a supporting base. Next, a silver-copper base alloy filler is disposed onto the cermet layer, and a metal plate is disposed onto the silver-copper base alloy filler thereafter. Then, a force is pressed upon the metal plate. Further, the cermet layer, the silver-copper base alloy filler and the metal plate are heated to a reacting temperature, and the reacting temperature is maintained for a holding time. Moreover, the cermet layer, the silver-copper base alloy filler and the metal plate are cooled in air.
NOVELTY - This invention is to disclose an innovative transparent conductive ceramic film (n-type ZnO dopped with Al (x%) Sc) fabricated via sputtering process. Under optimal conditions, targets of zinc oxide and Al-sc alloy were sputtered by means of radio frequency and dc power source, respectively to deposit a thin film (roughly 200 nm) on the surface of glass. This film is optical transparent (transmittance greater than 85% in the range of wavelength 300 to 800nm and very low reflectivity in the range of wavelength 400 to 600nm) and electrical conductive (resistivity in the range 1.76 to 0.6 Ohm -cm). This film is more corrosion-resistant in the 3.5% Nacl solution than the usual ZnO dopped Al. This novel film could be used in either monolayer or multi-layers for the fabrication of n-type displaying panel or the electrode of thin-film type solar cell.
NOVELTY - A working electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell has a porous conductive substrate and a dye-sensitized semiconductor layer provided on substrate and filling pores of substrate. The semiconductor layer has porous structure, and contains semiconductor particles differing in size.    USE - Working electrode is used for dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The working electrode has high conductivity and flexibility, and economically enables formation of solar cell.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming through-holes on FTO conductive glass under platinum electrode substrate. The thin films of titanium dioxide are coated on FTO conductive glass. The thin films are sintered and FTO glass coated with thin films of titanium dioxide is heated in room temperature at 450-550 degree. The glass is cooled and infused in dye. The screen glue is applied in interval on FTO glass and glass is covered with platinum electrode substrate. An electrolyte is poured into through-hole of glass and through-hole is encapsulated with ultraviolet glue.    USE - Encapsulation method for dye-sensitized solar energy battery.    ADVANTAGE - The thin layers of titanium dioxide are coated on FTO conductive glass with high precision. The encapsulation time is shortened.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the dye sensitized solar energy battery.
NOVELTY - A laminating machine rubber sheet comprises (wt.%) silicone rubber being high-tearing-resistant silicone rubber (15-30), ethylene propylene rubber being ethylene propylene terpolymer rubber (ethylene propylene diene monomer) (50-65), soot carbon (15-20), interface compatibilizer (1.8-2.2), and benzoyl peroxide vulcanizing agent (0.6-1).    USE - A laminating machine rubber sheet for solar cell component (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The laminating machine rubber sheet has an improved temperature resistance, non-corrodibility, wearing resistance, stretching shrinkage factor, smoothness, and prolonged useful life.
NOVELTY - The method for transparent coating of a substrate with atmospheric pressure plasma for optical component useful in optical instrument, specs, head light housing and disc in automobile technology, cockpit glazing, shields, vehicle mirror and flexible solar cells, comprises carrying out plasma treatment at process gas pressure of greater than or equal to 2 to less than or equal to 8 bar so that the energy entry on the coating is greater than or equal to 50 W/cm2 to less than or equal to 250 W/cm2. The coating comprises hardening and/or networking.    USE - Method for transparent coating of a substrate with atmospheric pressure plasma for optical component useful in optical instrument, specs, head light housing and disc in automobile technology, cockpit glazing, shields, vehicle mirror, flexible solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the properties of coatings thus enabling simple, economical and continuous manufacturing of the substrate with improved surface quality without negative characteristics of the coating.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an optical component.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a coated polycarbonate substrate.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module comprises a wiring element (11) electrically connected to several solar cells. A contact portion (11a) contacts with the main surface of the solar cell (10a) included in several solar cells. A non-contact portion (11b) connected with the contact portion, extends outwards from the main surface of the solar cell. The non-contact portion is arranged so as to leave a space from a boundary portion alpha between the main surface of the solar cell (10a) and the side surface of a solar cell (10b).    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The pressure directed to the boundary portion by the wiring element is prevented effectively and so the crack of the boundary cells can be prevented. Thus the manufacturing yield of the solar cells is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged side view of the solar cells of the solar cell module.    Solar cell (10a,10b)    Wiring element (11)    Contact portion (11a)    Non-contact portion (11b)    Collecting electrode (30)
NOVELTY - A solar cell comprises a first cell comprising a semiconductor wafer (100) with a positive negative (PN) structure, a second cell comprising a thin film semiconductor layer (200) with a positive intrinsic negative (PIN) structure formed on the first cell surface, a first electrode layer (400) formed on the second cell surface, and a second electrode layer (500) formed on the other first cell surface.    USE - A solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell can obtain high efficiency with a decreased process time and can absorb the light of long-wavelength range in the first cell and the light of short-wavelength range in the second cell. The high efficiency of greater than or equal to 20% is realized. The entire process time becomes shortened since there is no requirement for the procedure of forming the silicon thin film for a long period of time.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross section view of a solar cell.    Semiconductor wafer (100)    P-type polycrystalline silicon layer (110)    N-type polycrystalline silicon layer (120)    P-type polycrystalline silicon layer (130)    Thin film semiconductor layer (200)    P-type amorphous silicon layer (210)    I-type amorphous silicon layer (220)    N-type amorphous silicon layer (230)    First electrode layer (400)    Second electrode layer (500)
NOVELTY - A sealing material (1) has an insulating resin film (3) and a watertight adhesive layer (I) (4) sequentially laminated on an elastic layer (2).    USE - Sealing material is used for solar cell panel used for solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The sealing material provides solar cell module with excellent withstand voltage property, durability and avoids fall of electric power generating efficiency by permeation of water.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A sealing material has an insulating resin film and a watertight adhesive layer (I) sequentially laminated on an elastic layer. The sealing material further has watertight adhesive layer (II) (5) provided between the elastic layer and the insulating resin film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the expanded sectional view of the sealing material.    Sealing material (1)    Elastic layer (2)    Insulating resin film (3)    Watertight adhesive layer-I (4)    Watertight adhesive layer-II (5)
NOVELTY - An amphiphilic polymer (P1) comprising a hydrocarbon backbone carrying polar side groups and side chains having 3-80C alkyl chain and 0-40 heteroatoms selected from N and O, is new. The side chains have a copolymerizable group, for the formation of a polymer meshwork.    USE - For forming a polymer meshwork with embedded nanocrystals, for forming water-soluble nanocrystal i.e. quantum dot (claimed), useful in biolabelling, bioimaging, physical sensing, chemical sensing, amplified spontaneous emission, catalysis, and for forming light-emitting devices and solar cells, high refractive index materials and electrode coatings.    ADVANTAGE - The process for making the amphiphilic polymer does not require the use of any coupling agents such as cross-linkers, and thus the polymer is essentially free of crosslinks. Also bi-, tri- and higher functionalized compounds can be used as additional reactants in a one-pot synthesis. The nanocrystals embedded in the polymer meshwork provides stability, solubility properties, increases the processability of the polymers, and improves the catalytic properties of the materials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) preparing (P1);    (2) forming (M1) a water-soluble nanocrystal involving providing a nanocrystal in a solvent, contacting the nanocrystal with (P1), and allowing non-covalent or covalent interaction between (P1) and the nanocrystal to occur; and    (3) a water-soluble nanocrystal comprising on its surface via non-covalent or covalent interaction polymer (P1).
NOVELTY - Wetting fuel cell unit (1) comprises determining corrected dew point nominal value using predetermined dew point nominal value, component-specific correction value and process correction value; and setting required amount of water for optimum wetting of fuel cell unit based on obtained value.    USE - Method of wetting fuel cell unit.    ADVANTAGE - Consideration of component-specific correction value and process correction value allow very fine control of wetting process, and the fuel cell unit can be operated in optimum wetting range, thus avoiding voltage drops and leading to increase in life of fuel cell unit by preventing excessively dry operation. The optimized fuel cell wetting results in improvement in reliability and efficiency of fuel cell unit. In case of fuel cell with upstream fuel gas reformation, the required amount of water for wetting anode is set on basis of reformat cooler and downstream condensation separator, thus avoiding the need for separate wetting device and leading to cost savings and gain in space.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell unit wetting apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of an application of wetting method and apparatus for fuel cell unit.    Fuel cell unit (1)    Supply containers (2, 3)    Ion exchange membrane (4)    Anode (5)    Cathode (6)
NOVELTY - The method involves mounting an electrochemical detector (10) e.g. glucose fuel cell, adjacent to an extracorporeal blood processing access site e.g. arterial access site (A). A baseline reading is taken from the detector on the access site on a patient (P). The baseline reading is processed, and a baseline is determined. The detector is monitored for indications of a blood leakage, and a signal is sent to alert a person or to sound an alarm when the blood leakage is detected. A contrasting material is placed on a top of the access site.    USE - Method for detecting blood leakage during an extracorporeal blood treatment, hemodialysis or other medical procedures.    ADVANTAGE - The method quickly detects dislodgement of a venous or other needle from the patient, thus avoiding inadvertent loss of blood and harm to the patient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an access disconnect detector comprising a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an access disconnect sensor placed on a hand of a patient.    Arterial access site (A)    Needles (An, Vn)    Patient (P)    Electrochemical detector (10)    Wireless communications circuit (14)
NOVELTY - Formation of multijunction solar cell comprising upper, middle and lower subcells, comprises providing first substrate (101) for epitaxial growth of semiconductor material; forming first solar subcell on substrate having first band gap; forming second solar subcell over first solar subcell; forming first barrier layer over second subcell using surfactant; forming grading interlayer over first barrier layer; and forming third solar subcell over grading interlayer having fourth band gap smaller than second band gap such that third subcell is lattice mismatched with respect to second subcell.    USE - Method for formation of multijunction solar cell for concentrator terrestrial power systems and satellites used in data communications.    ADVANTAGE - Subcells with more optimized band gaps are provided to increase overall operating efficiency of multijunction solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Formation of multijunction solar cell comprising upper, middle and lower subcells, comprises providing first substrate (101) for epitaxial growth of semiconductor material; forming first solar subcell on substrate having first band gap; forming second solar subcell over first solar subcell having second band gap smaller than first band gap; forming first barrier layer over second subcell using surfactant; forming grading interlayer over first barrier layer, where grading interlayer has third band gap greater than second band gap; and forming third solar subcell over grading interlayer having fourth band gap smaller than second band gap such that third subcell is lattice mismatched with respect to second subcell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell after surrogate substrate is attached.    Substrate (101)    Emitter region (106, 111, 119)    Metal contact layer (123)    Adhesive (124)    Surrogate substrate (125)
NOVELTY - The pressure sensors (P1,P2) detect pressure of supplied oxidation gas and hydrogen gas respectively. A control unit (5) outputs correction value of 101.3kPa.abs, when pressure detected by atmospheric pressure sensor (P3) is out of range 0.6-4.48V for 50ms, and outputs normal correction value when detected pressure is within that range. The pressures detected by the two sensors are converted into gate pressure values. The control unit controls gas supplied to fuel cell, based on absolute pressure calculated by adding correction value and gate pressure value.    USE - Fuel cell system for use in e.g. fuel cell vehicle. Can also be used in robot, aircraft and electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The amount of reaction gas to be supplied to the fuel cell is controlled efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for reaction gas supply amount control method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Oxidation gas supply piping (3)    Hydrogen gas supply piping (4)    Control unit (5)    Pressure sensor detecting pressure of oxidation gas (P1)    Pressure sensor detecting pressure of hydrogen gas (P2)    Atmospheric pressure sensor (P3)
NOVELTY - The method involves arranging buffer layer between back electrode provided on opposite side of light incidence side, and light power generation cell. An intermediate electrode is provided between light power generation cells. The buffer layer and intermediate electrode are formed by sputtering. The sputtering voltage of 0-340 V is applied to target having transparent conductive film made of zinc oxide so that horizontal magnetic field is generated along surface of target to perform sputtering.    USE - Solar cell manufacturing method.    ADVANTAGE - The excitation of negative ion during sputtering is suppressed hence solar cell having improved light transmittance can be manufactured efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of magnetron sputtering apparatus.    Magnetron sputtering apparatus (10)    Film formation chamber (14)    Target (20)    Direct current power supply (26)    Magnetic circuit (30)
NOVELTY - The method involves arranging buffer layer between back electrode provided on opposite side of light incidence side, and light power generation cell. An intermediate electrode is provided between light power generation cells. The buffer layer and intermediate electrode are formed by sputtering. The sputtering voltage of 0-340 V is applied to target (20) having transparent conductive film made of zinc oxide so that horizontal magnetic field is generated along surface of target to perform sputtering.    USE - Solar cell manufacturing method.    ADVANTAGE - The excitation of negative ion during sputtering is suppressed hence electric power generation efficiency of solar cell can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of magnetron sputtering apparatus.    Magnetron sputtering apparatus (10)    Film formation chamber (14)    Target (20)    Direct current power supply (26)    Magnetic circuit (30)
NOVELTY - A laminated film whose inner side is provided with gas barrier layer containing crosslinked unsaturated carboxylic acid metal salt is formed on base material. Then, one portion or all portions of moisture content in gas barrier layer is removed such that the ratio of water content in the barrier layer is less than the ratio of water content balanced with water vapor pressure. Thus, manufacture of sealed substrate or solar cell is carried out.    USE - Manufacture of sealed substrate or solar cell used for organic electroluminescent element.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides sealed substrate or solar cell which prevents generation of dark spots.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of sealed substrate.
NOVELTY - The panel has upper and lower panel frames (140) and left and right panel frames (141) utilized to support parts formed with a tempered glass (100), ethylene vinyl acetate solar cell module (110), air layer, and a heat-insulating layer (130). A ventilation panel frame is formed to discharge heat from the air layer of the panel mounted at an exterior side of a building. Multiple solar cell cable drawing holes (143) are formed in the upper and lower panel frames and the left and right panel frames.    USE - Photovoltaic module panel for an exterior side of a building.    ADVANTAGE - The panel enhances power-generating efficiency of the solar cell by discharging heat generated from the photovoltaic module effectively, and improves performance of the facing material of the building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of a photovoltaic module panel.    Tempered glass (100)    Ethylene vinyl acetate solar cell module (110)    Heat-insulating layer (130)    Upper and lower panel frame (140)    Left and right panel frames (141)    Solar cell cable drawing hole (143)
NOVELTY - The method involves growing a silicon-germanium thin film on top of a silicon substrate (10), and forming a silicon oxide layer (40) over the silicon substrate. The silicon oxidation layer formed over the silicon substrate is removed by wet etching. The silicon-germanium thin film is patterned. An oxidation condition is controlled, and the silicon oxide layer is grown. Silicone concentration of a silicon-germanium mesa structure (30) is controlled, and a germanium mesa structure (50) is formed on the silicon substrate.    USE - Method for forming a germanium mesa structure of a semiconductor device (claimed) i.e. solar battery, on a silicon substrate.    ADVANTAGE - The silicon-germanium mesa structure is diversified under the controlled oxidation condition. The germanium mesa structure has small grid distance difference. The method ensures deposition of germanium mesa structure on the silicon substrate in excellent manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a semiconductor device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of a method for forming a germanium mesa structure of a semiconductor device on a silicon substrate.    Silicon substrate (10)    Silicon-germanium mesa structure (30)    Silicon oxide layer (40)    Germanium mesa structure (50)
NOVELTY - The solid electrolyte includes polymeric fiber with a nano-scale diameter and manufactured by using the electricity spinning. The solid electrolyte includes a group consisting of the poly vinylidene fluoride Luo-hexafluoropropylene (PVDF-HFP), the polyethylene oxide (PEO), the poly acrylonitrile (PAN), the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA).    USE - Solid electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Obtains dye-sensitized solar cell with high efficiency to efficiently induce photo current enlargement. Ensures excellent light power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a dye-sensitized solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the dye-sensitized solar cell.    First substrate (101)    First electrode (102)    Organic oxide layer (103)    Polymer electrolyte layer (104)    Second electrode (105)    Second substrate (106)
NOVELTY - The apparatus (1) has a film-forming chamber (2) which is heated by supplying electric power between the high frequency and ground electrodes. The implant-proof boards (6) are provided in the chamber inner surface corresponding to the side portions of the chamber. The gaps (6a,6b) are provided in between the adjoining portions of the implant-proof boards.    USE - Thin film-forming apparatus for forming thin film on the surface of product which is used for manufacturing solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The gaps are provided in between the adjoining portions of the implant-proof boards, hence the film deformation generated due to thermal expansion is reduced and thus the generation of abnormal discharge is suppressed with improved productivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the thin film-forming apparatus.    Thin film-forming apparatus (1)    Film-forming chamber (2)    Implant-proof board (6)    Gaps (6a,6b)    Conveyance direction (A)
NOVELTY - A coating film containing silicon compound is coated (S102) on substrate. Then substrate having coated film is heated (S103), irradiated with light and pressurized (S104), to obtain silicon film.    USE - Formation of silicon film used for thin-film transistor, large-scale integrated circuit, photoelectric transducer, photoreceptor and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method simply and economical provides silicon film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flowchart illustrating formation of silicon film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Adjusting solution containing silane compound (S101)    Coating solution containing silane compound on substrate (S102)    Heating (S103)    Pressurizing (S104)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a heating chamber (2) which heats the silver electrode film (10) using an infrared heater (9). A radioactive thermometer (11) measures the temperature of the silver electrode film. A temperature control device (13) controls the temperature of the silver electrode film to the target value based on the measured value.    USE - Substrate heating apparatus e.g. capacitive coupling type parallel plate plasma-chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus (claimed) of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The change of temperature due to the influence of radiation can be prevented. The temperature control device can be enabled to control the temperature effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the surface heating apparatus.(Drawing includes non-English language text)    Heating chamber (2)    Infrared heater (9)    Silver electrode film (10)    Radioactive thermometer (11)    Temperature control device (13)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer comprises oxide semiconductor electrode and counter electrode which are opposingly arranged where pigment is made to adsorb through charge transferring layer in oxide semiconductor on electroconductive support body.    USE - A photoelectric transducer, e.g. dye sensitizing type for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transducer has high durability and photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric transducer comprises oxide semiconductor electrode and counter electrode which are opposingly arranged where pigment of formula A2-D-A1 is made to adsorb through charge transferring layer in oxide semiconductor on electroconductive support body. The highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) level of D calculates A1 and A2 by molecular orbital calculation by molecule substituted with hydrogen atom.    A1,A2=substituents which have acidic group X of one or more of 12 compounds, e.g. group of formulae asterisk-(C=C-X) (A-1)-(A-5);    X=carboxylic acid group, sulfonic acid group, phosphonic acid group, silicic acid group or boric acid group; and    D=bivalent organic residue which has cyclic structure and does not have acidic group, and has HOMO level of - 8-- 7 eV.    Provided that the hydrogen atom in A-1-A-5 may be substituted by alkyl, aralkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aromatic heterocyclic group, halo, CN, NO2, alkoxy or thioalkyl as monovalent substituent.
NOVELTY - The transducer has an electron carrying layer (4) coated with metal oxide that suppresses reverse transfer of electron, such that conduction band of metal oxide is lower than the conduction band of electron carrying layer, rather than the valence band of the electron carrying layer. A pigment layer (D) is made to contact with the electron carrying layer, and a hole transport layer (5) is formed between the electron carrying layer and upper electrode (6). The conduction band of electron carrying layer is 4.5 eV.    USE - Photoelectric transducer e.g. dye-sensitized type solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the transducer is improved and manufacturing cost of the photoelectric transducer is reduced by using a simple arrangement.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Solar cell (1)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Hole transport layer (5)    Upper electrode (6)    Pigment layer (D)
NOVELTY - A methano fullerene derivative (1) is new.    USE - Methano fullerene derivative is used for photoelectric transducer (claimed) for electronic element such as organic field emission transistor, electroluminescent element and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The methano fullerene derivative provides photoelectric transducer having excellent electronic characteristics and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A methano fullerene derivative of formula (1) is new.    FL=fullerene;    Tp=thiophene-type heterocyclic ring, where at least one portion of hydrogen atom of thiophene-type heterocyclic ring is substituted by halogen, alkyl, alkoxy or aryl group octamer;    X=H, halogen, Tp, alkyl, cycloalkyl, alkoxy or aryl, where FL, Tp and X are connected by methylene;and    n=1-10.
NOVELTY - The fuel cell stack has a resin-made manifold (60a) for cooling medium, which is integrally molded along longitudinal direction by an end plate (24a). The manifold main portion (70a) contains a single chamber (68a) which is connected to the insertion portions (72a,74a) of end plate inserted into the communicating holes (30a,32a) for supplying cooling medium. A groove (54) is formed in the end plate and is connected to the communication holes for inserting a securing portion (76a) which is integrally molded with insertion portions.    USE - Fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The fall off manifold can be prevented reliably as the end plate is reinforced by the specific attachment of insertion portion of end plate with securing portion.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of the fuel cell stack.    End plate (24a)    Communicating holes (30a,32a)    Groove (54)    Resin-made manifold (60a)    Single chamber (68a)    Manifold main portion (70a)    Insertion portions (72a,74a)    Securing portion (76a)
NOVELTY - A photosensitizer having nitrogen-containing structural unit (1) and hydroxyl group-containing structural unit (2) is new.    USE - Novel photosensitizer having nitrogen-containing structural unit and hydroxyl group-containing structural unit is used for photovoltaic element (claimed) and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photosensitizer having nitrogen-containing structural unit and hydroxyl group-containing structural unit has excellent electroconductivity. The photovoltaic element containing photosensitizer has excellent conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photosensitizer having nitrogen-containing structural unit of formula (1) and hydroxyl group-containing structural unit of formula (2) is new.    M=transition metal chosen from ruthenium, osmium, iron, rhenium and rhodium;    R1-R16=H, carbonyl-containing group, phosphate, 1-30C alkyl, 2-30C alkenyl, 2-30C alkoxyalkyl, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, aralkyl having 1-30C aminoalkyl, 1-30C perfluoroalkyl, 6-30C aryl, 7-30C aralkyl or carbonyl, where Rn and Rn+1 are 1-15, preferably 8, 10 and 12, optionally bonded to form aromatic ring, and nitrogen-containing structural unit (1) or hydroxyl group-containing structural unit (2) has COOH group;    X=monodentate ligand chosen from -NCS, halogen, -CN, -NCO, -OH and -NCN2, and bidentate ligand in which X coupled to form diol-containing compound of formula (i) and sulfur-containing compound of formula (ii);    R31-R33=H, 1-30C alkyl, 2-30C alkoxyalkyl, 1-30C perfluoroalkyl, 6-30C aryl or 7-30C aralkyl;and    R34=H, cyano, 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C perfluoroalkyl or 6-15C aryl, where R34 optionally bonded to form ring.
NOVELTY - The solar cell (10) has connection electrode layer (20) adhered to inner wall of back electrode layer (19). A through-hole (11) penetrating the connection electrode layer is filled with insulating resin (17).    USE - Thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The connection electrode layer and transparent electrode are insulated simply and reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the top view, bottom view and section view of the solar cell.    Solar cell (10)    Through-hole (11)    Insulating resin (17)    Substrate (18)    Back electrode layer (19)
NOVELTY - Preparation of polysilicon solar battery texture in magnetic field, where compact texture is grown on a surface of polysilicon chip by chemical etch method in magnetic field, comprises reacting polysilicon chip with reaction liquid in texture preparing reactor, which is put in the magnetic field, where the temperature of the reaction liquid is 65-90 degrees C; cleaning the polysilicon chip for 5-10 minutes in 0.5-5% hydrofluoric acid solution at normal temperature; and exerting magnetic field to the whole stage of preparing polysilicon solar battery texture.    USE - Method of preparing polysilicon solar battery texture in magnetic field.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of polysilicon solar battery texture in magnetic field, where compact texture is grown on a surface of polysilicon chip by chemical etch method in magnetic field, comprises reacting polysilicon chip with reaction liquid in texture preparing reactor, which is put in the magnetic field, where the temperature of the reaction liquid is 65-90 degrees C; after reacting the polysilicon chip in basic solution, cleaning the polysilicon chip for 5-10 minutes in 0.5-5% hydrofluoric acid solution at normal temperature; and exerting magnetic field to the whole stage of preparing polysilicon solar battery texture, where magnetic density is 0-10 T, and the time for preparing the texture is 15-45 minutes. The reaction liquid comprises (mass%): sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide (0.05-15), ethanol or isopropanol (5-25), and sodium silicate (0.05-3).
NOVELTY - The method involves drawing basilar film from a reel and cleaning the impurities on the basilar film surface. The fluorocarbon paint is coated with respect to the pre-processed basilar film at a speed of 3-10 m/min and temperature of 10-20 degrees C. The thickness of coating after drying is controlled to be 0.03-0.035 mm. The coated film is baked for 10-25 min at a temperature of 80-100 degrees C. The baked film is cooled for reeling the trimmed film. The drying process is performed after forming the roll, for 22-26 hours at a temperature of 58-62 degrees C.    USE - Method for fabricating back film used in solar battery set.    ADVANTAGE - The film with even coating is obtained at increased fabrication efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for device for fabrication of back film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view illustrating the fabrication process of the film.
NOVELTY - A solar cell (3) comprises a photoelectric converter (5) including a semiconductor wafer (6); and a power collecting electrode disposed on a principal surface of the photoelectric converter. The power collecting electrode includes a connection electrode (4b) and a finger electrode (4a). The finger electrode extends in a direction orthogonal to a direction where the connection electrode extends. Thickness variability in a first direction of the semiconductor wafer is smaller than thickness variability in a second direction (which is orthogonal to the first direction).    USE - A solar cell used in solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - With the optimal configuration of the solar cell, it is possible to apply uniform pressure to the semiconductor wafer in the process of connecting multiple solar cells. Thus, a solar cell module with improved reliability is afforded.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell (3) comprises a photoelectric converter (5) including a semiconductor wafer (6); and a power collecting electrode disposed on a principal surface of the photoelectric converter. The power collecting electrode includes a connection electrode (4b) and a finger electrode (4a), which are electrically connected. The finger electrode extends in a direction orthogonal to a direction where the connection electrode extends. Thickness variability in a first direction of the semiconductor wafer is smaller than thickness variability in a second direction (which is orthogonal to the first direction). It is the connection electrode which is disposed on the principal surface of the photoelectric converter so as to extend in the first direction.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plan view of a solar cell.    Solar cell (3)    Finger electrode (4a)    Connection electrode (4b)    Photoelectric converter (5)    Semiconductor wafer (6)
NOVELTY - A fullerene multi-adduct composition comprises a bis-adduct fullerene derivative(s), where the fullerene is C60, C70, C76, C78, C84, or C90; 0-20 mol.% mono-adduct fullerene derivative(s); 0-20 mol.% tris-adduct fullerene derivative(s); and 0-20 mol.% multi-adduct fullerene derivative(s).    USE - A fullerene multi-adduct composition used as an N-type semiconductor in photodiode, photovoltaic device (claimed), solar cell, photodetector, or transistor; and for radical scavenging in biological applications, and polymer additives.    ADVANTAGE - The relative amounts of mono-, bis-, tris-, and other multi-adducts can be optimized by increase in the equivalents of addition reactant, variation in temperature, or other routine reaction conditions optimization.
NOVELTY - The method involves directing (1) the flow of inert purge gas and reactive gaseous material with respect to the output openings which are spaced apart from a substrate. The substrate is then transferred (3) in a direction relative to the openings. The gaseous material which is a volatile organic zinc precursor compound is made to act (6) sequentially on the substrate so as to form zinc oxide based thin film transistor.    USE - Fabrication method of thin film transistor used in electronic device such as active-matrix display, solar cell, radio frequency identification (RFID) device, sensor and integrated circuit (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The thin film transistor can be fabricated with high package density at reduced cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart explaining the thin film transistor fabrication process.    Step for directing gas flow (1)    Step for applying precursor over substrate channel (2)    Step for transferring substrate (3)    Step for enabling action of precursor compound (6)    Step for performing parallel gas flow (11)
NOVELTY - The base (1) has an intermediate layer (7) provided between a substrate (2) and a bonding film, where the substrate is selected from a group consisting of a silicon material, metal material or a glass material. Leaving groups (303) provided in a vicinity surface (35) in a region are removed from the film for developing a bonding property of an object when energy is applied to a predetermined region of a surface of the film, where the groups are selected from a group consisting of carbon atom, hydrogen atom, nitrogen atom, phosphorus atom, sulfur atom and halogen atom.    USE - Base for use with an object to manufacture a semiconductor device. Uses include but are not limited to a transistor, diode, memory, piezoelectric device such as a crystal oscillator and a surface acoustic wave device, optical device such as a reflecting mirror, optical lens and a diffraction grating and an optical filter, and a photoelectric conversion device such as a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The base is firmly bonded to the object with high dimensional accuracy and efficiently bonded to the object at a low temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a bonding method for forming a bonded body    (2) a bonded body.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partially sectional view of a base member.    Base (1)    Substrate (2)    Bonding film (3)    Intermediate layer (7)    Vicinity surface (35)    Leaving groups (303)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell device comprises generator cells to generate electric power by an electrochemical reaction of oxidizing and reducing agents. The cells include gas flow paths to send reactant gas for electrochemical reaction to the cells, and inflow ports at a position in which the reactant gas flows into the gas flow paths. Among the inflow ports (831), a cross-sectional dimension of an inflow port at a downstream side of a flowing direction of the reactant gas is smaller than a cross-sectional dimension of an inflow port at an upstream side of the flowing direction of the reactant gas.    USE - A fuel cell device for an electronic equipment (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - By arranging the gas flow paths in parallel with each other, it is possible to shorten the gas flow paths and reduce pressure losses.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional side view of a narrowed pitch of inflow port of cell stack.    Anode collector electrodes (84)    Cathode collector electrodes (85)    Inflow ports (831)    Outflow ports (832)    Manifold (840)
NOVELTY - An optical film comprises anti-reflection film(s) (10, 20, 30) composed of a mesoporous material (1) having multiple pores of uniform size. The pores of the mesoporous material is filled with air or a filler (2) having a refractive index different from that of the mesoporous material.    USE - An optical film used in electronic device including display device, optical lens, solar cell and optical device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The optical film has an ensured predetermined anti-reflection performance for over a wider range of incident wavelengths and incident angles. It has an effective refractive index which is controlled by adjusting porosity of the mesoporous material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of optical film comprising providing a mesoporous material having multiple pores of uniform size; and subjecting the mesoporous material to thin film treatment to form monolayered anti-reflection film.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an optical film including three anti-reflection films.    Mesoporous material (1)    Filler (2)    Anti-reflection films (10, 20, 30)
NOVELTY - A manufacturing method of solar cells involves providing a first substrate. A sequence of layers of semiconductor material forming a solar cell is deposited on the first substrate. A surrogate substrate is mounted on top of the sequence of layers. The first substrate is removed, and the surrogate substrate is thinned to a predetermined thickness.    USE - Manufacturing method of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an improved multi-junction solar cell and inverted metamorphic solar cell, provides a method of manufacturing an inverted metamorphic solar cell as a thin film mounted on a thin substrate of predefined thickness, and provides a method of manufacturing an inverted metamorphic solar cell as a thin film mounted on a coverglass, by thinning a surrogate substrate to predetermined thickness after the first substrate is removed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the multi-junction solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Contact layer (105)    Metal contact layer (122)    Anti-reflective dielectric coating layer (130)    Conductive grid lines (501)
NOVELTY - An optical light source is projected onto the top (32) of reflectors (30) of different reflective patterns that are arranged on the surface (40) of a substrate (S). The position of top of the reflectors relative to a calibration reference marker (60) formed on the substrate is determined. The height of surface of the substrate from the top of reflectors is determined. The placement and location of the substrate in the desired reference plane (P) is adjusted in accordance with the height.    USE - Method for adjusting placement of substrate in lithography system for manufacturing micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) device, strain gauge, battery, LED, optoelectronic device, solar cell, temperature sensor, acoustic wave device, micro-machine, flat panel display (FPD), integrated circuit (IC) and field emission display (FED).    ADVANTAGE - The substrate surface can be positioned in the desired image plane of the projection system. The focus accuracy and resolution can be improved and patterns can be precisely formed on the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method for improving focal accuracy of lithographic system; and    (2) apparatus for adjusting placement of substrate in lithography system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the apparatus for adjusting placement of substrate in the lithography system.    Reflector (30)    Top of reflector (32)    Surface of substrate (40)    Calibration reference marker (60)    Desired reference plane (P)    Substrate (S)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric conversion apparatus has a transparent electrode (12), a photoelectric conversion layer (10) having amorphous silicon or fine crystal silicon, and a transparent electrode (16), sequentially formed on insulating substrate (11). The electrode (12 and/or 16) is a zinc oxide layer does not containing gallium, or zinc oxide layer to which gallium (5 atomic% or less) is added. The zinc oxide layer is formed by sputtering using noble gas, to which 0.1-5 volume% of oxygen is added as sputtering gas.    USE - Photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion apparatus has high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The transmittance of transparent electrode is stabilized.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of photoelectric conversion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of single-type photoelectric conversion apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Amorphous silicon photoelectric conversion layer (10)    Transparent insulation substrate (11)    Transparent electrodes (12,16)    Amorphous p-type silicon layer (13)    Amorphous n-type silicon layer (15)    Back surface electrode (17)
NOVELTY - An article has a single-crystal ceramic fiber, tape or ribbon having crystallographic facet(s) along its length, and epitaxial layer(s) of another material on the facet.    USE - Article such as crystalline article used for electrical-electronic device, optical device, magnetic device, electromagnetic device, electro-optical device and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The article has excellent flexibility and quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An article has a single-crystal ceramic fiber, tape or ribbon having crystallographic facet(s) along its length, and epitaxial layer(s) of another material on the facet. The fiber, tape or ribbon is metal oxide chosen from alumina, magnesium oxide, yttria-stabilized zirconia, strontium titanate, neodymium gallium trioxide, lanthanum-alumina trioxide, yttrium-alumina trioxide and lanthanum-strontium-alumina-tantalum oxide ((La0.18Sr0.82)(Al0.59Ta0.41)O3). The article further has epitaxial buffer layer of oxide, carbide, nitride or boride. The oxide buffer layer is chosen from cerium dioxide, doped cerium dioxide, perovskite, doped perovskite, pyrochlores, doped pyrochlores, fluorite, rock-salt and spinel. The nitride buffer layer contains titanium nitride, gallium nitride or aluminum nitride. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of ceramic fiber, tape or ribbon.
NOVELTY - A Gasket material (222) is applied at four edges of the working electrode substrate (220) and the counter electrode substrate (230). A thin layer of electrolyte (229) is deposited on active areas of the counter and working electrodes. The substrates are separated by continuous sealing for forming sub-module (299) with eight cells.    USE - Method for manufacturing solar cells e.g. dye solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A desired electrical output can be obtained by separating the working electrode substrate and counter electrode by sealing.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view illustrating the process of manufacturing solar cells.    Working electrode substrate (220)    Gasket material (222)    Electrolyte (229)    Counter electrode substrate (230)    Sub-module (299)
NOVELTY - A raw material titanium oxide powder is pulverized using disintegrator by impact or shear, to obtain pulverized powder. Then, the obtained powder is stirred using stirrer, to obtain powdered titanium-oxide microparticles.    USE - Manufacture of powdered titanium-oxide microparticles for catalyst, solar cell, dielectric-material raw material, ultraviolet-ay shielding material and pigment.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides powdered titanium-oxide microparticles with excellent dispersibility, transferability, storage stability, transportability and workability.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic device (200) comprises a substrate (207), a first electrode, a second electrode (213), an active layer (205) arranged between the first and second electrodes and an interlayer (204) comprising an undoped conjugated polymer arranged between the active layer and at least one of the electrodes.    USE - As photovoltaic device useful as solar cell (claimed) or as a light detector.    ADVANTAGE - The device shows significantly improved voltage- current characteristics compared to prior art devices and is particularly suitable as a low light level detector; provides an improved low light level polymer-based detector with reduced dark current. Thus, the conductivity of the device can be reduced by the interlayer. The interlayer thus provides the following advantages: preventing the electron acceptor and/or donor from making their own continuous pathway from one electrode to another thereby preventing them from creating their own parallel single material diodes between the two electrodes; preventing electrons from migrating to the anode and holes migrating to the cathode; to facilitate the collection of electrons at the cathode and holes at the anode; and improves the stability of the device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fabricating a photovoltaic device involving coating a transparent substrate with an electrode material; coating the first electrode with at least one active material; depositing an undoped interlayer material on the active material; depositing a second electrode on the interlayer; and annealing the device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows generic architecture of photovoltaic device.    Photovoltaic device (200)    Interlayer (204)    Active layer (205)    Substrate (207)    Battery (209)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic device (200) comprises a substrate; a first electrode (213); a second electrode (201); an active layer (203) between the first and second electrodes; and a non-conducting interlayer (204) between the active layer and at least one of the electrodes.    USE - Photovoltaic device i.e. low light level detector for a solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The device shows improved voltage-current characteristics compared to prior art devices. The interlayer prevents the electron acceptor and/or donor from making their own continuous pathway from one electrode to another, preventing them from creating their own parallel single material diodes between the two electrodes; prevents electrons from migrating to the anode and holes migrating to the cathode; facilitates the collection of electrons at the cathode and holes at the anode; and improves the stability of the device. An improved low light level polymer-based detector with reduced dark current is achieved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of fabricating a photovoltaic device (200).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a photovoltaic device.    Photovoltaic device (200)    Second electrode (201)    Active layer (203)    Non-conducting interlayer (204)    First electrode (213)
NOVELTY - An electroconductive polyaniline composition contains an organic solvent, a protonated optionally substituted polyaniline complex, and a phenol derivative (1).    USE - Electroconductive polyaniline composition is used for electroconductive compact (claimed) for dielectric material for capacitor, pole material for solar cell and secondary battery, and fuel cell separator material.    ADVANTAGE - The electroconductive polyaniline composition provides compact having excellent electrical property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electroconductive polyaniline composition contains an organic solvent, a protonated optionally substituted polyaniline complex, and a phenol derivative of formula (1).    R1,R2=H or alkyl;    R3,R4=alkyl;and    m-p=0-5, m+o and n+p are 5 or less, and o+p is 2-4.
NOVELTY - A diblock copolymer is coated on a solar cell substrate surface, and the diblock copolymer coated on the substrate surface is annealed to form a nano-porous etch mask. The substrate surface is etched using the nano-porous etch mask. The nano-porous etch mask is removed to provide a nano-structured substrate surface having structures smaller than effective wavelength of light propagated within the substrate, and anti-reflective structure is formed.    USE - Formation of anti-reflective structure used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The anti-reflective structure having excellent wear resistance, is efficiently formed.
NOVELTY - A gas-barrier film has silicon hydronitride layer(s) (4) and silicon nitride layer(s) (3-1) sequentially provided on surface of flexible supporting substrate.    USE - Gas barrier film is used for sealing organic device such as electroluminescent display device, liquid-crystal display device, touch panel and solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The film is excellent in gas-barrier property, water vapor-barrier property and folding resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of gas barrier film.    Polyethylene naphthalene film (1)    Organic layer (2)    Silicon nitride layers (3-1,3-2)    Silicon hydronitride layer (4)
NOVELTY - A solar cell module (4) comprises flexible solar cell (40) and shape memory alloy (SMA) layer (45). The flexible solar cell has two surfaces. The first surface receives solar radiation. The second surface is at an opposite side of the flexible solar cell to the first surface. The SMA layer has a predetermined trained shape. The SMA layer is attached on the second surface of the flexible solar cell.    USE - A module for solar cell (claimed), e.g. used in roof, aircraft, and vessel.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell modules allow changing of shape with the intensity of the solar radiation, such that the solar cell module can receive solar radiation in different directions. The solar cell module does not limit its installation on the roof, is lightweight, and has flexible properties.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of solar cell module.    Solar cell module (4)    Flexible solar cell (40)    Optical detector (41)    Close-loop control circuit (42)    SMA layer (45)    Comparing unit (421)
NOVELTY - A composite structure comprises a layer transferred photovoltaic material having portion (I) and (II) and thickness of material is provided between the portion (I) and (II), adhesive layer (103) on the portion (II) and permeable membrane structure on the adhesive layer. The permeable membrane structure configured to facilitate outgassing of volatile components in the adhesive layer such that the adhesive layer is bonded with permeable membrane to the layer transferred with photovoltaic material.    USE - Composite structure for solar cell and solar panel.    ADVANTAGE - The composite structure is economical and efficiently reduces the adhesive bonding.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composite structure comprises a layer transferred photovoltaic material having portion (I) and (II) and thickness of material is provided between the portion (I) and (II), adhesive layer on the portion (II) and permeable membrane structure on the adhesive layer. The permeable membrane structure configured to facilitate outgassing of volatile components in the adhesive layer such that the adhesive layer is bonded with permeable membrane to the layer transferred with photovoltaic material. The adhesive layer comprises spin on glass and is derived from liquid phase material including several of particles. The permeable member structure comprises a fiberglass sheet. The adhesive layer is derived from a mixture including a solvent. The volatile components are chosen from organic components, inorganic components and water. The substrate is single crystal silicon. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the fabrication of composite structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the photovoltaic device.    Photovoltaic device (100)    Substrate (101)    Surface (102,107)    Adhesive layer (103)    Crystalline material (105)
NOVELTY - A silica precursor containing silica sol comprising a silane and/or colloidal silica is formed, and the silica precursor is deposited on a substrate to form a coated layer. The coated layer is cured and/or fired. A surface treatment composition containing an organic material comprising an alkyl chain or a fluoro-alkyl chain is formed, and the surface treatment composition is deposited on the coated layer. The surface treatment composition is cured and/or fired to form an overcoat layer, and silica based coated material is obtained.    USE - Manufacture of low-index silica based coated material used for coated article and manufacturing photovoltaic device (both claimed) for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The low-index silica based coated material is efficiently manufactured.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A silica precursor containing silica sol comprising a silane and/or colloidal silica is formed, and the silica precursor is deposited on a glass substrate to form a coated layer. The coated layer is cured and/or fired in an oven at 550-700 degrees C for 1-10 minutes. A surface treatment composition containing an organic material comprising an alkyl chain or a fluoro-alkyl chain and reactive functionality comprising silicon and/or phosphorus is formed, and the surface treatment composition is deposited on the coated layer. The surface treatment composition is cured and/or fired to form an overcoat layer, and low-index silica based coated material is obtained.
NOVELTY - A photoelectric electrode has a conductive substrate, and a layer containing semiconductor nanoparticles and polytetrafluoroethylene.    USE - Photoelectric electrode is used for hydrogen generation device and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric electrode has excellent chemical resistance and durability. The photoelectric electrode absorbs light energy efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric electrode has a conductive substrate, and a layer containing semiconductor nanoparticles and polytetrafluoroethylene. The conductive substrate contains inorganic or organic material. The semiconductor nanoparticles contain titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, silicon carbide, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, gallium phosphide, gallium arsenide, fullerene (C-60), cadmium telluride, copper-indium-gallium diselenide, complex of copper-indium, complex of indium-gallium, complex of copper-gallium, complex of copper-indium-gallium and/or copper-indium-gallium-selenium sulfide, preferably titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, iron oxide, tungsten oxide, silicon carbide, cadmium sulfide, cadmium selenide, gallium phosphide and/or gallium arsenide. The photoelectric electrode is sintered and immersed into a photosensitizing dye.
NOVELTY - A solar cell device comprises a chip having a surface, and nano or micro particles (22) formed on the surface of the chip. The nano or micro particles coated on the surface of chip are used as an anti-reflective layer.    USE - Solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell device provides improved transmittance of solar cell due to sunlight's wide wavelength of 0.3-1 mu m, improves semiconductor characteristics, and increases optoelectronic energy transformation efficiency. The device uses method that has lower cost and avoids disastrous environmental problems caused by humankind.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fabricating a solar cell device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of a solar cell device.    Nano or micro particles (22)    Moisture-protection layer (23)    Moisture-protection layer (24)    N- and P-type layers (211, 212)    Top and bottom electrodes (213, 214)
NOVELTY - A mixing module (200) comprises condensing unit (210), where vapor current outside mixing module enters condensing unit to be condensed into first liquid; mixing sink (220) with sink body (221) which receives second liquid, and spacer which spaces sink body and condensing unit; and check valve disposed in through hole (223) to control movement of two liquids, and includes valve body and valve cover. The valve is disposed in through hole, and valve cover restricts valve body in through hole. The spacer includes through hole, where first liquid enters mixing sink through the through hole.    USE - A mixing module used in fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The module has mixing sink and check valve which prevent corrosion, fire or harm from methanol solution leakage in fuel cell; thus increasing lifespan of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a perspective view of mixing module.    Mixing module (200)    Condensing unit (210)    Mixing sink (220)    Sink body (221)    Through hole (223)
NOVELTY - An organic-semiconductor element consists of polyamine compound having protecting group desorbed by heating.    USE - Organic-semiconductor element used for organic electroluminescence, organic solar cell, organic thin film transistor and electronic paper.    ADVANTAGE - The organic-semiconductor element has excellent performance, durability and electrical property, and is manufactured easily, economically and efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of organic electroluminescent element. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A dyestuff (D1) containing metal and 2,2'-bipyridine ligand, are new.    USE - As a dyestuff useful for manufacturing dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cells exhibit high conversion efficiency and satisfactory durability (weather resistance or heat resistance).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dyestuff (D1) containing metal and 2-2'-bipyridine ligand, of formula ML1L2L3, ML4L5 or ML3L4A1, are new.    M'= Group 8 to Group 10 element;    L1 and L2 = bidentate ligand of formula (i);    L3 = bidentate ligand of formula (ii);    R1 and R2 = monovalent organic group;    X = halo;    n = 0-2;    L4 = tridentate ligand of formula (iii);    L5 = 1,3-di(pyridin-2-yl)benzene, 6-phenyl-(2,2')bipyridinyl or tridentate ligand of formula (iv)    R4, R5, and R6 = carboxyl group, group equivalent to the salt of the carboxyl group or a carboxyalkyl group;    R7 = 1-8C hydrocarbon group;    A1 = isothiocyanate group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a dye-sensitized solar cell comprising an anode, a cathode, and an electrolyte, where the cathode has a substrate made of electrically conductive transparent glass and an oxide membrane electrode formed on the surface, and the oxide membrane electrode contains the dye (D1) adsorbed in it;    (2) manufacturing the dye-sensitized solar cell involving causing a substrate made of electrically conductive transparent glass and a cathode having an oxide membrane electrode formed on the surface to come in contact with a dyestuff solution which contains the dyestuff (D1) and a base, thereby causing the dyestuff to be adsorbed in the oxide membrane electrode.
NOVELTY - A pyrrole or its derivative is oxidize-polymerized in water/oil type emulsification liquid to obtain electroconductive pyrrole type polymer. The water/oil type emulsification liquid contains organic solvent, water, anionic surfactant and oxidizing agent. The organic solvent has compatible parameter of 8 or more.    USE - Manufacture of electroconductive pyrrole type polymer for electroconductive composition used for electroconductive component (all claimed) such as coating material, battery electrode and solar cell electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The method economically provides electroconductive pyrrole type polymer having excellent electroconductivity. The electroconductive composition containing electroconductive pyrrole type polymer has excellent coating property.
NOVELTY - An organic compound is rod-shaped organic-semiconductor material (1 or 2) having structure which shows liquid crystallinity at the terminal.    USE - Organic compound is used for organic semiconductor structure for organic-semiconductor apparatus (both claimed) such as organic transistor, organic light-emitting element, organic electronic memory device, optical sensor and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic compound has high mobility and fluidity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic compound is rod-shaped organic-semiconductor material of formula (1 or 2) having structure which shows liquid crystallinity at the terminal.    Z1,Z2= L-type 6( pi )-electron aromatic ring, M-type 10( pi )-electron aromatic ring or N-type 14( pi )-electron aromatic ring;    L,M,N=0-4;    L+M+N=1-4;    Y1,Y2=oxygen, sulfur, selenium, -CO-, -OCO- -COO-, -N=CH-, -CONH-, -NH-, -NHCOO- or -CH2-;    R1,R2=0-22C (un)saturated hydrocarbon, R1 and R2 are bonded with Z1 and Z2 not via Y1 or Y2;    X=1-22C (un)saturated hydrocarbon;and    n=1 or more.    Z1 and Z2 optionally bonded with each other directly, when X does not exist.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of organic-semiconductor apparatus.    Organic-semiconductor apparatus (10)    Substrate (11)    Gate electrode (12)    Gate insulating layer (13)    Organic-semiconductor layer (14)
NOVELTY - The present invention discloses a solar cell structure with low temperature polysilicon thin films. It mainly comprises a substrate, a P-type semiconductor layer, an intrinsic (i) type semiconductor layer, a N-type semiconductor, a first electrode and a second electrode. The i-type semiconductor layer is formed by the low temperature polysilicon induced by aluminum metal. The present solar cell structure having the large area low temperature polysilicon thin film can effectively increase the photo-electron transform efficiency.
NOVELTY - Invention is related to methods for production of nanosize particles of titanium dioxide, which may be used as photocatalysts, light sensitive materials of sun batteries, photo luminophors, as cathode materials of chemical current sources. Method for production of such particles of titanium dioxide includes hydrolysis of water solution that contains titanium ions, in presence of acid during heating. Water solution containing titanium ions is produced by dissolution of titanium hydride or metal titanium in 37% hydrochloric or 96% sulfuric acid dissolved with water, accordingly, as 1:2 or 1:3.4, to obtain ratio of Ti+3 : Cl-, equal to 1:6, or Ti+3 : SO42-, equal to 1:3. Hydrolysis may be performed in presence of nickel chloride or cobalt chloride.    USE - Nanotechnologies.    ADVANTAGE - Invention makes it possible to simplify production of nanosize particles of titanium dioxide of different shape - in the form of nanobars, nanorods, nanoneedles, without negative effect at environment.4 dwg, 7 ex
NOVELTY - A zinc oxide nano-rod array is immersed in organic solution of organic molecule, leached and dried, to obtain surface modified organic functional molecule zinc oxide nano-rod array.    USE - Manufacture of surface modified organic functional molecule zinc oxide nano-rod array (claimed) used for piezoelectricity, field emission, field effect transistor, solar energy battery, electrical switch and sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The surface modified organic functional molecule zinc oxide nano-rod array is efficiently manufactured using simple method.
NOVELTY - The n-type silicon substrate layer (7) is formed on a tin-palladium-silver metal ohm contact electrode layer. The n-type silicon nano-wire array (6) having 5-100 nm platinum particles, is formed in the layer (7). An electrolyte solution (5) is applied with respect to the array. An insulating closed layer (4) is provided for preventing the leakage of solution. A graphite layer (3) is formed on the closed layer. A glass layer (1) for transmitting light is formed on a transparent indium tin oxide conductive thin film layer (2) formed on the graphite layer.    USE - Photo electrochemical solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery with strong light absorbing capability is provided with high photo-electrical conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the solar battery.    Glass layer (1)    Transparent indium tin oxide conductive thin film layer (2)    Graphite layer (3)    Insulating closed layer (4)    Electrolyte solution (5)    N-type silicon nano-wire array (6)    N-type silicon substrate layer (7)
NOVELTY - The structure has a piece of glass, a battery plate and a bottom membrane integrally packaged using ethylene vinyl acetate, and a thin-film layer formed on an outer surface of the glass. The thin-film layer is made of sodium silicate.    USE - Solar panel structure.    ADVANTAGE - The structure is designed in such a manner to effectively utilize the solar energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar panel structure.
NOVELTY - The battery has a p-type silicon nano wire layer formed on a p-type silicon substrate (6), where the p-type silicon substrate is formed on a back electrode of an aluminum metal film used as base area of a solar battery. The back electrode of the aluminum metal film is provided as an extraction electrode of a back face. A three-dimensional heterojunction structure of the p-type silicon nano wire layer/i-type amorphous silicon film/n-type amorphous silicon film is provided between a transparent conductive tin indium oxide film (2) and the P-type silicon substrate.    USE - Solar battery for a silicon nano wire structure.    ADVANTAGE - The battery good capability of absorbing light and high photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a solar battery.    Transparent conductive tin indium oxide film (2)    P-type silicon substrate (6)
NOVELTY - A polymer donor material contains thiophene, naphthalimide, fluorene and carbazole as main component. The main chain of the polymer donor material contains long-chain aliphatic alkane, and the terminal chain of the polymer donor material contains benzene ring.    USE - Polymer donor material is used for bulk heterojunction solar battery used for electronics devices such as luminescent diode, information electric memory device and organic field effect transistor (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polymer donor material has excellent photo-thermal stability, and provides electronic devices with excellent performance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of polymer donor material.
NOVELTY - The method involves coating a package material on a periphery of a semiconductor and/or counter electrode, and pressing, leveling and solidifying a semiconductor and/or counter electrode film. A cavity is formed in a middle part of a shaped case. A part of the periphery of the semiconductor and/or counter electrode is not coated by the package material. The periphery of the electrode coated by the package material and the periphery of electrode not coated with package material are matched with each other to form an injection hole.    USE - Method for sealing a dye sensitized solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables preventing drilling of conducting glass, avoids the small holes to be covered by a thin glass piece, reduces difficulty of operation, and improves appearance effect and yield of finished products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The package material is selected from ultraviolet solidified glue and/or heat solidified glue.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a dye sensitized solar battery.
NOVELTY - A composite material is formed by combining a cationic species, an organic polymer and an anionic species by mixing process. The composite material is an amorphous structure.    USE - Composite material is used for manufacturing composite material thin film (claimed) including but are not limited to display such as liquid crystal display and plasma display, packaging material, electronic device, building material, solar cell, light emitting element, communication apparatus, optical filter, touch panel and motor vehicle component.    ADVANTAGE - The composite material is manufactured by simple method, and is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of composite material, which involves mixing solution (A) containing cation species and organic polymer, and solution (B) containing anionic species.
NOVELTY - The lamination apparatus has a hot platen (122) having several accommodation grooves (63) provided at a back side (65) of a hot platen main case (61). A sheath heater (62) is embedded in the accommodation groove. The shape of the accommodation groove or sheath heater is changed so as to achieve contact between an outer peripheral surface of the heater and an inner peripheral surface of the accommodation groove.    USE - Lamination apparatus for use during solar cell manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The temperature of the hot platen can be controlled easily and reliably to a target temperature so that the heat generated from the heater can be transferred to the hot platen main case efficiently. Hence, the lamination quality of the to-be-processed objects such as solar cell module can be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of hot platen for lamination apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show schematic view of the hot platen.    Hot platen main case (61)    Sheath heater (62)    Accommodation grooves (63)    Back side (65)    Hot platen (122)
NOVELTY - A transparent conductive film is zinc oxide film which is formed on substrate. The zinc oxide film comprises a region having granular crystal structure. The zinc oxide is doped with group III elements. The group III element is gallium, aluminum and/or indium.    USE - Transparent conductive film is used for flat panel display and transparent electrode of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive film is economical, has excellent moisture resistance, reduced change in resistivity with respect to time and is manufactured efficiently and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows graph illustrating resistivity of zinc oxide film. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - Production of a metal oxide layer or oxide layer comprises oxidizing a metal or an oxidizable non-metallic conductive surface, which is electrically connected to an electronic control unit (ECU).    USE - The method is for producing a metal oxide layer or oxide layer useful for a semiconductor component (claimed) or in metal oxide applications, such as the preparation of a dense polycrystalline semiconductor or the production of metal oxide semiconductors e.g. for thin film solar cells or gas sensors for combustion. It is used as pretreatment for any variety of metal coated materials. The metal oxide layer or oxide layer is useful in corrosion suppression on any metal coated products, such as zinc coatings used in galvanized steel and other oxide coating applications. The method is used for growing a dense oxide layer on metal rich paints and/or surfaces of metal. It can be used together with other metal deposition techniques including sputtering or chemical vapor deposition, or other methods for generating layers or surfaces of metal.    ADVANTAGE - The method produces metal oxide layer having metal that is present at a higher amount than that present in a metal oxide layer produced by oxidizing the metal surface in the absence of ECU; and oxide layer that is denser than that produced by oxidizing the oxidizable non-metallic conductive surface in the absence of ECU. ECU samples show superior adhesion of the oxide layer to the substrate. Significant cracks are observed at the oxide/substrate interface for the control samples (no ECU attached), while the ECU samples show very few such cracks.
NOVELTY - A material comprises a bipolar organic compound including both a hole transporting unit and an electron transporting unit.    USE - For organic photoelectric device (claimed) e.g. organic light emitting diode, a solar cell, a transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The material has thermal stability due to a glass transition temperature (Tg) of greater than or equal to 120 degrees C, and a thermal decomposition temperature (Td) of greater than or equal to 400 degrees C. The material provides high luminous efficiency at a low driving voltage. The bipolar compound has good hole and electron transporting properties, and capable of realizing a high efficiency organic photoelectric device.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A material comprises a bipolar organic compound of formula (I) including both a hole transporting unit and an electron transporting unit.    Ar1 and Ar2=6-30C aryl or arylene, 1-30C alkyl or alkylene and 2-30C heteroaryl or heteroarylene (all optionally substituted);    R1 and R6=6-30C aryl, 2-30C heteroaryl and 1-30C alkyl (all optionally substituted) or H;    R2 to R5=6-30C aryl or arylene, 2-30C heteroaryl or heteroarylene and 1-30C alkyl or alkylene (all optionally substituted) or H;or    R2+R3, and R4+R5=cycle;    m and n=0-3;or    m+n=1-6;    o and p=0-2;or    o+p=1-4.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an organic photoelectric device comprising an anode, a cathode, and an organic thin layer disposed between the anode and cathode, where the organic thin layer comprises the material.
NOVELTY - An integrated electrochemical and solar cell comprises electrochemical cell comprising cathodic current collector, self supporting ceramic cathode layer, self supporting anode layer, anodic current collector, and solid electrolyte layer provided between cathode layer and anode layer; and solar cell connected to electrochemical cell.    USE - Integrated electrochemical and solar cell. Uses include but are not limited to mobile electronics and automobiles.    ADVANTAGE - The cell has self supporting cathode or anode layer which can be more easily and economically manufactured than conventional batteries, where self supporting layer is thicker (on the order of 50 times), thus increasing capacity per unit area of cell as compared to traditional thin film cells; and is simple, has increased storage capacity, and eliminates the need for separate substrate layer, thus saving space and manufacturing costs. The addition of integrated solar cell saves space and weight, and increases speed and ease of manufacture.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for making an integrated electrochemical and solar cell comprising:    (A) electrochemical cell formation process comprising fabricating non-supportive cathodic current collector layer on ceramic self-supporting cathode layer, forming solid electrolyte layer on ceramic self supporting cathode layer, forming anode layer onto electrolyte layer, and fabricating anodic current collector layer onto anode layer;    (B) solar cell formation process comprising depositing photovoltaic materials onto substrate; and    (C) integration process comprising connecting solar cell to non-supportive cathodic current collector layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross sectional view showing an integrated electrochemical and solar cell.
NOVELTY - Nanocrystal-metal oxide composite (A) comprises a nanocrystal and a metal oxide bound to the nanocrystal, where the metal oxide has organic groups.    USE - (A) is useful in light-emitting diode device (claimed), solar cells, sensors and memory devices.    ADVANTAGE - (A) is stable to mechanical stress and exhibit improved processability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for preparing (A), comprising modifying the surface of nanocrystals with a surfactant and mixing the surface-modified nanocrystals with a metal oxide precursor having organic groups, a solvent and water to form a sol-gel, where the surfactant is reactive with the metal oxide precursor and the metal oxide is a compound of formula (A-(R1)k-O-B1) (I); and    (2) a method for forming a nanocrystal-metal oxide monolith by solidifying (A) in a sol-gel form prepared by the method.    A = N, NH, S, COO- , PO3H- or PO32- ;    R1 = alkylene group containing at least one carbon atom, alkenyl containing at least two atom or cyclic group containing at least three carbon atoms;    B1 = repeating units of (-(MOx)l-), (-(MOyR2)-) or (-(MOzR3R4)n-);    M = Ti, Zn, Si, Sn, W, Ta, Zr, Hf, Al, Y, Fe, Ce or Cr;    R2-R4 = alkyl group containing at least one carbon atom, an alkenyl group containing at least two carbon atoms, or a heterocyclic group containing at least three carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom of N, S, O or P;    k = 1-20;    l, m, n = 0 or at least one of l, m, n is greater than 0; and    x, y, z = 1-3.
NOVELTY - Production of ternary or greater compound thin film involves depositing a binary or higher group IIIA chalcogenide thin film on a substrate (1); incorporating group IB atoms into the chalcogenide layer by bringing the chalcogenide layer into contact with a group IB atoms containing media; and heat treating the resulting mixed layer to convert the mixed layer into a homogenous phase.    USE - Method for producing ternary or greater compound thin film used in photovoltaic device (claimed), or used as light absorbing layer in a photon to electricity conversion device or thin film solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids the use of complex equipment and the maintenance of high processing temperatures for extended durations, both of which tend to increase the cost of the solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a photovoltaic device comprising the layer(s).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings are cross sectional views of the solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Film of molybdenum (2)    Binary chalcogen compound thin film (3)    Chalcogenide layer (4)    Chalcopyrite layer (5)
NOVELTY - A back film for solar battery which is a five-layer structure comprises silicon-titanium formation film layer, basal layer, silicon-titanium formation film layer, fluorine-based film layer and silicon-titanium formation film layer coated together.    USE - The back film which is a five-layer structure is used for solar battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The back film for solar battery which is a five-layer structure has high bonding strength, high weather resistance, high chemical resistance, high electrical insulation property, and high water proofness.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the back film for solar battery which is a five-layer structure.
NOVELTY - A solar battery back film has sequential lamination of fluorosilicone layer, basic layer, fluorosilicone layer, fluorine-based layer and fluorosilicone layer.    USE - Back film is used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery back film has excellent adhesiveness, weather resistance, chemical resistance, electric-insulating property and water-proof property.
NOVELTY - A solar cell back film with high adhesive property, having seven-layer structure, comprises fluorosilicone film forming layer, fluoro-film layer, fluorosilicone film forming layer, base layer, fluorosilicone film forming layer, fluoro-film layer, and fluorosilicone film forming layer which are covered together.    USE - The solar cell back film with high adhesive property, having seven-layer structure, is used for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell back film with high adhesive property, having seven-layer structure has high adhesive property, high weather resistance, chemical resistance, high electric insulation, and high waterproof property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the solar cell back film with high adhesive property, having seven-layer structure.
NOVELTY - A solar-cell back film is a layered structure containing sequentially arranged silicon-titanium formation film, fluorine-type film, silicon-titanium formation film, substrate, silicon-titanium formation film, fluorine-type film and silicon-titanium formation film.    USE - Back film for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The back film has excellent cohesiveness, weather resistance, chemical resistance, electric insulating property and waterproofing property.
NOVELTY - The catalyst line has catalyst spot line and ionomer line that are formed to contacts each other. The ionomer spot line is provided in order to be laminated in the catalyst lines or the part where the catalyst spot line contacts. An ink drop for ionomer part formation consists of catalyst particles dispersed in the ionomer binder region and solvent is sprayed which contacts the catalyst spot line. The ink drop for catalyst formation has catalyst particles dispersed in ionomer binder region and solvent is sprayed on the electrolyte film or the gas diffusion layer via ink-jet method.    USE - Catalyst line for fuel cell electrode (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides a fuel cell electrode in which the three-phase reaction point increases and the performance of battery is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a fuel cell electrode;    (2) a manufacturing method for fuel cell electrode;    (3) a film for fuel cell electrode assembly;    (4) and a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a plane view of the ink for catalyst formation and ionomer part formation which is being emitted to the electrolyte film or the gas diffusion layer to form catalyst and ionomer part.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte composition comprises ionic liquid of tert-phosphonium salt (1).    USE - Electrolyte composition is used for photoelectric conversion device such as dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte composition has high ionic conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte composition comprises ionic liquid of tert-phosphonium salt of formula: R1-P+(-R1)(-R1)-(CH2)nO-R2 X- (1).    R1=1-6C alkyl or branched alkyl;    R2=methyl or ethyl;    n=1-6;and    X=N(SO2CF3)2 or N(CN)2.
NOVELTY - An organic solvent is added into silicon sawdust sludge, and the sludge is precipitated as dilute. The liquid formed on the top of the solid portion is removed, and the resultant mixture is washed using ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonic homogenizer. The solid portion and organic solvent are centrifuged. The silicon of solid portion, silicon carbide and heavy liquid are separated through centrifuge, and the solid portion of silicon is vacuum-dried. The separation of high purity silicon is carried out.    USE - Separation of high purity silicon from silicon sawdust sludge. The silicon is used as silicon raw material for semiconductor and solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The high purity silicon is efficiently separated from silicon sawdust sludge.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic solvent is added into silicon sawdust sludge, and the sludge is precipitated as dilute. The liquid formed on the top of the solid portion is removed, and the resultant mixture is washed using ultrasonic cleaner and ultrasonic homogenizer. The solid portion and organic solvent are centrifuged, and the resultant substance is sonicated by ultrasonic homogenizer. The silicon of solid portion, silicon carbide and heavy liquid are separated through centrifuge, and the solid portion of silicon is vacuum-dried. The separation of high purity silicon is carried out. The silicon sawdust sludge contains dibromine methane, bromoform, tetrabromoethane, carbon tetraboride.
NOVELTY - The pressurized rotational basis cooling water injection device has first vent (12) and second vent (14) and consists of water pump (20). The water pump is arranged between the second vent (14) of a high-capacity water tank (10) in which first inlet port (16) and second inlet port (18) are formed. The water tank is connected with the first vent of the water tank and TMS loop (30). The TMS loop is connected through exit where first piping (50) of the filtering method cools the stack and the second piping (60) connected to the exit of TMS loop and the second inlet port of water tank.    USE - Pressurized rotational basis cooling water injection device for fuel cell vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - Enables mass production of the fuel cell vehicle and enables to maintain conductivity of the cooling water by providing an ion eliminator. Enables injection of the cooling water which is less than the electric conduction from which the metallic ion is removed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a pressurized rotational basis cooling water injection device for the fuel cell vehicle.    High-capacity water tank (10)    First vent (12)    Second vent (14)    First inlet port (16)    Second inlet port (18)    Water pump (20)    TMS loop (30)    First piping (50)    Second piping (60)
NOVELTY - The cell has a lamination structure formed on a transparent substrate. A nano-particle layer is formed in a middle surface of the transparent substrate that is photosensitized with irradiation of light. The nano-particle layer is made of gold, silver, platinum, palladium, aluminum, copper, nickel, zinc and iron. Wavelength of the irradiated light is 300 to 600 nanometers. An intermediate layer is formed on an amorphous silicon photoelectric transformation layer that is formed on a transparent electrode layer.    USE - Solar cell such as a thin film type silicon solar battery, thin film type compound solar battery, organic polymer solar battery and dye sensitized solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cell improves the quantum efficiency, amplifies the wave length of the light, and is convenient to manufacture. The cell can be manufactured at low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph representing an operation of a solar cell.
NOVELTY - A poly-crosslinking type phthalocyanine compound (1) is new.    USE - Novel poly-crosslinking type phthalocyanine compound is used as near-infrared-ray absorber for ink composition and solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The poly-crosslinking type phthalocyanine compound provides solar cell with improved energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A poly-crosslinking type phthalocyanine compound of formula (1) is new.    A=group of formula (2);    M1,M2=metal, metal oxide or metal halide;    R=H, halogen, carboxylic acid, 1-20C alkyl, hydroxyl, amino, hydroxy sulfonyl or amino sulfonyl;and    n=0-3.
NOVELTY - The end plate coupling structure has base apertures (22) which are formed in right and left end of end plate (10) via adhesive and fastening unit connected in base apertures of end plate (13) and insulating plate (20) that are united such that outflow of air and hydrogen are cut off. A gasket (30) is adhered in the groove (12) of fiber inlet and outlet (21) formed in both right and left terminals of insulating plate (20).    USE - End plate coupling structure for e.g. fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an assembly which prevents the outflow of the gas by using groove and gasket and facilitates dismantlement which decreases manufacture unit cost. Eliminates weakening of the air tightness of the gas with the delamination generation by vibration and bending moment after mount which increases productivity since throughput time is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a disassembled view of the end plate coupling structure for e.g. fuel cell.    End plate (10)    Groove (12)    End plate (13)    Insulating plate (20)    Fiber inlet and outlet (21)    Base apertures (22)    Gasket (30)
NOVELTY - The fuel tank (10") has ovoid shaped outer wall (12") made of plastic, composite, or metal to form a cavity for housing compressed fuel e.g. hydrogen. The outer wall include portions (14",16",18") in which the portions (14",16") have equal volumes, and the portion (18") provided between the portions (14",16") have volume greater than the volumes of the portions (14",16"). The fuel tank is arranged on an undercarriage of fuel cell powered vehicle (24") so as to minimize an interference with a suspension system (26") of the vehicle.    USE - Fuel tank for fuel cell propulsion system used in fuel cell powered vehicle (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The interference with suspension system of fuel cell powered vehicle is minimized by arranging the ovoid shaped fuel tank on the undercarriage of the vehicle so that the interior passenger space, cargo space, fuel storage capacity and the structure of fuel tank can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic rear views of the vehicle and suspension system incorporating the fuel tank.    Fuel tank (10")    Outer wall of fuel tank (12")    Portions of outer wall (14",16",18")    Fuel cell powered vehicle (24")    Suspension system of vehicle (26")
NOVELTY - An electronic assembly component surface comprises a metal exposed to an external environment and having metal with finish prone to whiskering in portion(s), and an alkali silicate glass-based coating partially covering the metal.    USE - Surface of electronic assembly component e.g. surface of solar cell, window, sealing surface, light emitting diode and electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The alkali silicate glass material prevents whisker formation in metal finishes, and protects solar cell from ultraviolet ray and environment. The glass material has excellent dielectric material properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method for preventing oxidation of solder joint or electrical interconnect of electronic device, which involves applying alkali silicate glass based coating to the soldering joint or electrical interconnect;    (2) coating for reducing interaction between surface and the environment around the surface, which contains alkali silicate glass material for protecting surface from environmental corrosion due to water or moisture;    (3) coating for reducing corrosion of solar cell, which contains alkali silicate glass material; and    (4) method for improving moisture durability in liquid cooling pipe, which involves providing liquid in pipe, cleaning, providing alkali silicate glass material, coating portion of interior of pipe, and curing glass material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic cross-sectional view of substrate having alkali silicate material solution and integrated circuit die.    Integrated circuit (112)    Substrate (114)    Alkali silicate glass material solution (116)    Top surface (117)
NOVELTY - A phosphorus containing benzoxazine-based monomer (I) is new.    USE - For preparation of polymers, electrodes and electrolyte membranes for fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The phosphorus containing benzoxazine-based monomer (I) has excellent thermal resistance and high phosphoric acid resistance, controls hydrophobicity of an electrode and increases compatibility in interfaces of gaseous state (fuel gas or oxidizing gas), liquid state (phosphoric acid), and solid state (catalyst); improves power generation performance of fuel cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A phosphorus containing benzoxazine-based monomer of formula (I) is new.    R1 and R2=1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkoxy, 6-20C aryl, 6-20C aryloxy, or -O-T1;    T1=3,4-dihydro-2H-benzo(e)(1,3)oxazin-6-yl (substituted at 3 position by R3);    R3=H, 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkoxy, 6-20C aryl, 6-20C aryloxy, halogenated 6-20C aryl, halogenated 6-20C aryloxy, 1-20C heteroaryl, 1-20C heteroaryloxy, halogenated 1-20C heteroaryl, halogenated 1-20C heteroaryloxy, 4-20C cycloalkyl, halogenated 4-20C cycloalkyl, 1-20C heterocyclic, or halogenated 1-20C heterocyclic.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a polymer (P1) that is a polymerization product of the monomer (I), or a polymerization product of the monomer (I) and a crosslinkable compound;    (2) an electrode for a fuel cell comprising a catalyst layer containing the polymer (P1);    (3) an electrolyte membrane for a fuel cell comprising the polymer (P1); and    (4) a fuel cell comprising a cathode, anode, and the electrolyte membrane interposed between the cathode and anode, where at least one of the cathode and anode comprises a catalyst layer containing the polymer (P1) and a catalyst.
NOVELTY - The photoelectric transducer (10) has mixing film (20) with optical absorption phase (21) and electron transport phase (22), formed between the positive electrode layer (11) and negative electrode layer (12). The optical absorption thin film (30) with thickness of 0.1-100 nm formed along the side of positive electrode and mixing film absorb the irradiated light and convert the light energy into the electrical energy.    USE - Photoelectric transducer for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The irradiated light is absorbed by both optical absorption thin film and mixing film and converted into the electrical energy so that the power generation characteristic of photoelectric transducer can be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of photoelectric transducer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the explanatory views of the photoelectric transducer and electric power generation process. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Photoelectric transducer (10)    Positive electrode layer (11)    Negative electrode layer (12)    Mixing film (20)    Optical absorption phase (21)    Electron transport phase (22)    Optical absorption thin film (30)
NOVELTY - The arrangement has a light switch fabric module (2000) with a light source. A metal-insulator transition (MIT) device (400, 400a) is equipped with a MIT thin film. Two horizontal electrodes are formed in upper part of the MIT thin film. A bottom electrode is successively formed on top of a substrate. The light source is selected among electroluminescence display device (ELD), LED, organic LED, LCD, plasma display panel (PDP), field emission device (FED), fluorescent lamp, bulb and laser.    USE - Photo induction switching arrangement.    ADVANTAGE - The arrangement controls the light from the light switch fabric module and selectively combines the unit elements of the metal-insulator transition (MIT) element array in a photo induction process. The arrangement is directly applied to the switching circuit for providing bulk power switching effect in an electric component and high-speed switching in an electronic system, thus reducing size and facilitates high integration. The arrangement is applied to switching elements used in MIT solar battery and MIT oscillator. The arrangement reduces current and calorific value, and improves reliability and durability of the switching system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a photo induction switching arrangement.    Metal-insulator transition devices (400, 400a)    Spacer (500)    Lateral substrate (600)    Metal-insulator transition element array (1000)    Light switch fabric module (2000)
NOVELTY - An encapsulating composition contains an epoxy resin (A), a photoinitiator (B), and inorganic nanoparticles and/or glass flakes (C).    USE - Encapsulating composition is used for forming hardcoat layer of plastic substrate used in luminous component, display device and solar ray power plant (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The encapsulating composition provides plastic substrate having excellent water resistance and gas-barrier property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the multilayered plastic substrate.    Plastic substrates (110a,110b)    Organic-inorganic hybrid layers (115a,115b)    Gas-barrier film (120a-1)    Polysilazane layer (125a-1)    Epoxy resin composition layers (130a,130b)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a compressor (15) installed in a vortex tube (10) to provide compressed air. A radiator (17) is utilized to transfer coolant to a fuel cell (16). A heat exchanger (18) cools the coolant temperature by using cold air of the vortex tube. An air channel is utilized to connect a warmth exit and the fuel cell. The vortex tube is provided with a compressed air inset for supplying the compressed air of the compressor. The warmth exit is utilized for supplying hot air to the fuel cell. A hydrogen tank (19) is utilized to supply hydrogen to the fuel cell.    USE - Air supply apparatus for cooling a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) in a vehicle e.g. car.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus reduces the coolant temperature entering the fuel cell, thus increasing the cooling efficiency of the polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). The apparatus improves the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an air supply apparatus.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Vortex tube (10)    Compressor (15)    Fuel cell (16)    Radiator (17)    Heat exchanger (18)    Hydrogen tank (19)
NOVELTY - Waste water containing water and silicon sludge ejected during grinding and polishing of silicon ingot or silicon wafer produced during semiconductor manufacture is filtered using filter comprising filter layer made of polyolefin system polymeric composition, to separate silicon sludge. The separated silicon sludge is dried and smelted at 1500-1800 degrees C under inactive or vacuum condition, refined and solidified, to produce ingot.    USE - Manufacture of polycrystal silicon used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method economically provides polycrystal silicon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flowchart illustrating manufacture of polycrystal silicon. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An electrode (160) is formed on the rough side of the substrate and a zinc oxide (ZNO) film (130) is deposited on the electrode. An electrode (170) is formed on the P-type semiconductor layer (150). A microcrystalline silicon layer of amorphous silicon layer having energy band gap greater than the substrate, is formed on one side of substrate.    USE - Manufacturing method of crystalline silicon solar cell for use in solar battery system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing process of solar cell is simplified and the process time is shortened, since the aluminum deposition process is eliminated. Hence the production cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) crystalline silicon solar cell; and    (2) solar battery system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Buffer layers (110,140)    N-type semiconductor layer (120)    Zinc oxide film (130)    P-type semiconductor layer (150)    Electrodes (160,170)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor device has a substrate (1) and a layer structure (3) of III-V semiconductor that forms a p-n or n-p junction. A buffer layer (2) of III-V semiconductor is provided for connecting the layer structure with the substrate. The crystal hardness of a blocker layer (4), is larger than the layer structure. The blocker layer has a thickness below critical layer thickness for relaxation of the semiconductor.    USE - Semiconductor device for use as a solar cell or a light emitting diode (Claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The crystal hardness of the blocker layer, is larger than the layer structure, and hence reduces continuation or formation of crystal defect and lattice mismatch.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a semiconductor device with a buffer layer and a blocker layer.    Substrate (1)    Buffer layer (2)    Active layer (3)    Blocker layer (4)
NOVELTY - A solar battery backboard has a substrate whose one or both surfaces are provided with an anti-aging layer. A separation film is formed on one surface of the substrate. The anti-aging layer contains (in weight parts) fluorine resin (24-45), modified resin (1.5-3), polymer filler (0.5-3), inorganic filler (0.1-1) and solvent (50-70).    USE - Solar battery backboard.    ADVANTAGE - The backboard has excellent anti-aging characteristics, separation performance with respect to steam, and adhesion strength with encapsulating material of solar battery.
NOVELTY - The component has a frame (1) adhered to a back side of a crystalline silicon solar battery laminated component (4) and a cooling medium box. An outlet joint (3) and an inlet joint (8) are separately formed at an upper end and a lower end of the cooling medium box that is filled with a cooling medium and connected with an outer heat exchange system via the joints. The cooling medium cools the component. A deformed long hole is formed on a side of the frame for suspending the laminated battery component on a locating bushing of a wall expansion bolt.    USE - Crystalline silicon solar photo-electrical photo-thermal battery component for use on a wall.    ADVANTAGE - The component can retain the electricity generation with the higher photo-electrical conversion efficiency. The component utilizes the heat generated by the photo-electrical effect, and the component can work normally even when placed on the wall.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows front view of a crystalline silicon solar photo-electrical photo-thermal battery component.    Frame (1)    Outlet joint (3)    Battery laminated component (4)    Inlet joint (8)
NOVELTY - A method involves forming a neutral matrix (120') by coating a photo-curable and thermo-curable random copolymer (120) on a substrate (150) surface of a solar cell. A block copolymer film (140) of polystyrene-polymethyl methacrylate is laminated on the upper side of the neutral matrix and is cross-linked by annealing. A nano template made of nano pattern is formed by removing the polymethyl methacrylate domain in the block copolymer film. The surface of the substrate is etched using the nano template to obtain a solar cell.    USE - Method for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has excellent durability and quantum efficiency, and is manufactured by a simple low-cost method. The production of heat in the solar cell is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram of manufacturing process of a solar cell using random copolymer.    Random copolymer (120)    Neutral matrix (120')    Block copolymer film (140)    Polystyrene phase (140a)    Polymethyl methacrylate phase (140b)    Substrate. (150)
NOVELTY - Cross-coupling aryl and heteroaryl moieties involves reacting heteroarylhalide (I) with an arylboronic acid in the presence of a palladium compound and a compound comprising a di-alkylphosphine (II).    USE - For cross-coupling aryl and heteroaryl moieties useful for producing aryl pyridines i.e. 2-(3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-phenyl)-4-methyl-pyridine, 1-(4-trimethylsilanyl-phenyl)-isoquinoline, 2-benzofuran-2-yl-4-methyl-pyridine, 2-(3-chloro-phenyl)-4-methyl-pyridine or 5-methyl-2-(4-trimethylsilanyl-phenyl)-pyridine (claimed) and arylanilines such as 5'-isopropyl-(1,1'; 3',1'')terphenyl-2'-ylamine, 4-tert-butyl-4''-tert-butyl-(1,1'; 3',1'')terphenyl-2'-ylamine, 2,6,2'',6''-tertmethoxy-(1,1'; 3',1'')terphenyl-2'-ylamine or 4,4''-bis(trimethylsilyl)-(1,1'; 3',1'')terphenyl-2'ylamine useful in products that consist of pharmaceutical molecules, synthetic polymers, pesticides, food supplements, and a host of other useful materials including organic electronic devices e.g. organic light emitting devices, light-emitting diode, light emitting diode display, diode laser, lighting panel, photodetector, photoconductive cell, photoresistor, photoswitch, phototransistor, phototube, infrared detector, biosensors, photovoltaic device, solar cell, transistors and diodes. Also useful to formulate layers incorporated into an organic electronic device e.g. electron transport layer and as ligands to form cyclometallated organometallic complexes.    ADVANTAGE - The method is economical, selective and efficient for cross-coupling of compounds, particularly aryl compounds, via their respective carbon atoms. Further, the method provides mild conditions for the synthesis of aryl derivates such as arylpyridines and aryl anilines, particularly sterically hindered ortho-substituted anilines.
NOVELTY - A stretchable transparent substrate is provided. A dispersion comprising conductive elements and solvent is formed. The dispersion is applied on the stretchable transparent substrate. The solvent from the dispersion is at least partially evaporated to form a transparent conductive coating on the stretchable transparent substrate, and the stretchable transparent substrate and the transparent conductive coating are stretched, and a transparent conductor is fabricated.    USE - Method for fabricating transparent conductor (claimed) used for solar cell, antistatic film, gas sensor, organic light-emitting diode, liquid crystal and high definition display, and electrochromic and smart window.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductor is efficiently fabricated.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for composition for fabricating a stretchable transparent conductive coating on a stretchable substrate.
NOVELTY - A solar cell (100) comprises a tin-doped indium oxide anode (120), an interfacial layer (130), an active organic layer (140), a lithium fluoride layer, and a cathode containing aluminum sequentially formed on a transparent substrate (110). The interfacial layer contains poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-N-(4-(3-methyl propyl))diphenylamine) and 4,4'-bis((p-trichloro silyl propyl phenyl) phenyl amino) biphenyl. The active organic layer contains poly(2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyl-octyl oxy))-p-phenylene vinylene and (6,6)-phenyl-61C butyric acid methyl ester.    USE - Solar cell is used for organic photovoltaic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has excellent flexibility, high performance and light weight, and is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell comprises a tin-doped indium oxide or other transparent conducting anode, an interfacial layer, an active organic layer, a lithium fluoride layer, and a cathode containing aluminum sequentially formed on a transparent substrate. The interfacial layer contains poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-N-(4-(3-methyl propyl))diphenylamine) and 4,4'-bis((p-trichloro silyl propyl phenyl) phenyl amino) biphenyl. The active organic layer contains poly(2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyl-octyl oxy))-p-phenylene vinylene and (6,6)-phenyl-61C butyric acid methyl ester. The cathode further contains metal such as titanium, tungsten, silver, gold, or their alloys. The active organic layer comprises an electron-donating organic material and an electron-accepting organic material. The electron-accepting organic material comprises (6,6)-phenyl-61C butyric acid methyl ester.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the bulk-heterojunction solar cell.    Solar cell (100)    Transparent substrate (110)    Anode (120)    Interfacial layer (130)    Active organic layer (140)
NOVELTY - An electrolyte comprises a complex salt of an imidazole and a 1-20C diiodoalkane and an iodide ion.    USE - Electrolyte is used for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electrolyte provides solar cell having high photoelectric conversion efficiency, stability and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte comprises a complex salt of an imidazole and a 1-20C diiodoalkane and an iodide ion (I-/I3-).
NOVELTY - Membrane comprises a first catalyst layer (12), an electronically and ionically conducting layer (11) having nanosized microstructure and second catalyst layer (13). The electronically and ionically conducting layer is formed from electrolyte material, grain growth inhibitor and/or grain boundary modifier.    USE - For oxygen separation (claimed) from oxygen containing gas; especially suitable as a gas separation membrane; also suitable for partial oxidation processes, e.g. for oxidation of methane gas to produce syngas. Additionally, membranes can be used to separate hydrogen, which can serve as a clean fuel for powering many devices ranging from large turbine engines in integrated gasification combined cycle electric power plants to small fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The stable membrane has nanosized microstructure with improved electronic conductivity. Advantageously, the membrane exhibits an excellent balance of ion and electron conductivity. The process of producing membrane is simplified and cost effective as cheap materials are employed and does not require much labor, enabling mass production of an inexpensive high performance component for industrial processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method (m1) of producing membrane involving applying the electronically and ionically conducting layer (11) on the first catalyst or catalyst precursor layer; applying second catalyst or catalyst precursor layer; and sintering the multilayer structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows the principle structure of the membrane.    electronically and ionically conducting layer (11)    first catalyst layer (12)    second catalyst layer (13)
NOVELTY - A phthalocyanine compound (1, 13, 14, 15 or 16) is new.    USE - Novel phthalocyanine compound for composition and varnish used for organic film organic thin film used for electronic device, organic solar cell, photoelectric transducer and energy storage device (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The phthalocyanine compound provides organic film with excellent adhesiveness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A phthalocyanine compound of formula (1, 13, 14, 15 or 16) is new.    M=hydrogen or center metal chosen from lithium, beryllium, sodium, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, potassium, calcium, scandium, titanium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, germanium, arsenic, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, molybdenum, technetium, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, silver, cadmium, indium, strontium, antimony, barium, hafnium, titanium, tungsten, rhenium, osmium, iridium, platinum, gold, mercury, thallium, lead, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, paramecium, samarium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, thorium, protactinium, uranium, neptunium and americium;    Z1-Z6=hydroxyl, 1-18C alkoxy or phenyl;    Ar=aryl group of formula (2-12);    R1-R103=hydrogen, halogen, hydroxyl, amino, silanol, thiol, carboxyl, phosphoric acid, phosphate, ester, thioester, amide, nitro, monovalent hydrocarbon, organo oxy group, organo amino group, organo silyl group, organothio group, acyl or sulfone;    Ring A=group of formula (17 or 18);and    M'=lanthanoid or actinoid which forms binuclear structure.
NOVELTY - An electronic device (1) is provided with an electrical conductivity changing component (2) in which electrical conductivity at state of an internal electron changes according to the energy of incident light (3). The electrical conductivity changing component contains complex inorganic compound. The complex inorganic compound contained in the electrical conductivity changing component has layered triangular lattice structure.    USE - Electronic device for e.g. optical sensor and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electronic device is highly reliable, and electrical conductivity is altered efficiently with low energy light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electronic device is provided with an electrical conductivity changing component in which electrical conductivity and a state of an internal electron changes according to the energy of incident light. The electrical conductivity changing component contains molybdenum oxide-containing compound with composition: ((RMbO3- delta )(MaOm) where R is indium, scandium, yttrium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium, lutetium, titanium, calcium, strontium, cerium, tin, hafnium, and Ma and Mb are titanium, manganese, iron, cobalt, copper, gallium, zinc, aluminum, magnesium or cadmium, n is 1 or more, m is 0 or more and delta is 0-0.2. The complex compound contained in the electrical conductivity changing component has layered triangular lattice structure. The complex compound having layered triangular lattice structure is iron-containing compound (RFe2O4- delta ). An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for controlling electrical conductivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view illustrating the structure of electronic device.    Electronic device (1)    Electrical conductivity changing component (2)    Light (3)
NOVELTY - A blue hyper branched macromolecule electroluminescent material is new.    USE - A blue hyper branched macromolecule electroluminescent material for preparing an electroluminescent member (claimed), organic field effect transistor, solar cell or bio-sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The material has a molecular weight of 5000-30000; emits pure blue light; and avoids generation of heterodimeric compounds caused by main chain polymerization in linear polyalkylfluorine blue light material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A blue hyper branched macromolecule electroluminescent material of formula (I) is new.    Ar1=formula (II) or (III);    Ar2=formula (IV) or (V);and    a-c=2-60 (preferably 20-40).    R=H, CnH2n+1 or OCnH2n+1;    R1=H, CnH2n-1, OCnH2n+1;and    n=1-20 (preferably 4-12).    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of preparing (I); and    (2) a method of preparing an electroluminescent member comprising washing conductive glass having surface sputtered with indium tin oxide by ultrasonic cleaner; treating with oxygen plasma; making poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/polystyrene sulfonic acid as hole injection polymer, (I) as luminescent layer, and magnesium/silver as cathode; spin coating 1,3,5-tris(1-phenyl-benzimidazole)benzene and 8-hydroxyquinoline aluminum salt or aluminum tris(quinolin-8-olate) as electron transmission layer; and exerting forward bias voltage on the conductive glass and metal electrode to emit pure blue light.
NOVELTY - A triphenylamine organic dye is new.    USE - A triphenylamine organic dye for use as photosensitizer for preparing liquefied dye sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The dye is cheap, and easy to synthesize; has an excellent photoelectric property; and can modify molecular design and display a potential application of replacing noble metal organic photosensitizer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A triphenylamine organic dye of formula (I) is new. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for use of a triphenylamine organic dye for preparing dye sensitized solar cell comprising:    (A) cutting transparent glass fluorine doped tin oxide;    (B) washing the cut glass using degreaser, diluted nitric acid, deionized water, acetone and anhydrous ethanol and drying;    (C) mixing titanium dioxide, ethyl cellulose and terpineol at a mass ratio of 16:4:80;    (D) subjecting to ultrasonic wave processing;    (E) dissolving prepared triphenylamine organic dye in prepared ethanol solution;    (F) mixing (mol/l) anhydrous acetronitrile solution (0.6), lithium iodide (0.1), and iodine (0.05);    (G) spin coating obtained mixture to the glass surface;    (H) sintering at 390 degrees C for 30 minutes;    (I) cooling to room temperature;    (J) coating titanium dioxide solution on glass surface;    (K) sintering at 450 degrees C for 30 minutes;    (L) cooling to room temperature;    (M) applying titanium tetrachloride solution;    (N) heating at 70 degrees C for 30 minutes;    (O) washing the surface using distilled water and ethanol;    (P) blow drying the surface with nitrogen;    (Q) sintering at 450 degrees C for 30 minutes;    (R) immersing the glass in methanol solution (5x 10-4 mol/l) for 24 hours;    (S) washing with anhydrous ethanol;    (T) blow drying the glass with nitrogen; and    (U) drying at 100 degrees C for 10 minutes.
NOVELTY - A visible indium-gallium nitride group photoelectrochemical cell is obtained by employing metal organic chemical vapor deposition epitaxial growth of gallium-nitride supporting layer and indium-gallium nitride alloy layer of monocrystalline orientation on alpha -alumina substrate. The gallium-nitride layer is grown by growing a buffer layer at 500-550 degrees C, increasing the temperature to 1100 degrees C, and growing gallium-nitride supporting layer of thickness 1-2 mu m. Metal indium of 1-10 mu m is deposited to form an ohmic contact electrode on the alloy layer.    USE - Manufacture of visible indium-gallium nitride group photoelectrochemical cell (claimed).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A visible indium-gallium nitride group photoelectrochemical cell is obtained by employing metal organic chemical vapor deposition epitaxial growth of gallium-nitride supporting layer and indium-gallium nitride alloy layer of monocrystalline orientation on alpha -alumina substrate, and utilizing gallium-nitride layer to ease the large lattice mismatch between the indium-gallium nitride layer and substrate. The gallium-nitride layer is grown by growing a buffer layer of thickness 50-100 nm at 500-550 degrees C, increasing the temperature to 1100 degrees C, and growing gallium-nitride supporting layer of thickness 1-2 mu m. The growing temperature of indium-gallium nitride alloy layer is 600-850 degrees C. The alloy layer has a thickness of 50-500 nm. Metal indium of 1-10 mu m is deposited to form an ohmic contact electrode on the alloy layer surface. The indium-gallium nitride is of formula: InxGa1-xN, where x is 0-1. Hydrogen bromide is used as electrolyte in the photoelectrochemical cell.
NOVELTY - The method involves crushing P-type high-purity polycrystalline silicon with purity of 99.999 percentages into high-purity polycrystalline silicon powder with 5 to 50 microns of granularity. The powder is spread on a substrate combined with an aluminum electrode to form a high-purity p-type micron silicon granular film, where the substrate consists of aluminum foil, ceramics, glass, plastic or stainless steel. The granular film and interface of a conductive metal bottom electrode are alloyed using an annealing technique. An n-type silicon layer is deposited on the film.    USE - Method for manufacturing a silicon film solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables manufacturing of the solar battery in a simple and cost effective manner while increasing the photoelectric transformation efficiency of the battery.
NOVELTY - The color changing sunglass has voltage suppressor which is preset with function of temperature compensation and is connected in parallel with solar cell module. The spectacle frames (5a,5b) molded with convex structure (5.2) is opened with window at bridge of nose and photovoltaic voltages diodes are connected in series. The liquid crystal spectacle lenses are arranged between indium tin oxide glasses provided in liquid crystal box. The liquid crystal spectacle lenses has transparent conductive layer coated with resin polaroid that replaces indium tin oxide glass.    USE - Color changing sunglass.    ADVANTAGE - The sunglass is convenient and comfortable to wear with temperature compensation function.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows    Spectacle frames (5a,5b)    Convex structure (5.2)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell has a semiconductor electrode with substrate and metal-oxide layer formed on substrate, a counter electrode spaced apart from semiconductor electrode, and an electrolyte filled between semiconductor electrode and counter electrode. The metal-oxide layer comprises dye-adsorbed metal-oxide nanoparticles. The metal-oxide nanoparticles are formed by electrospinning a mixed solution of a metal-oxide precursor and a polymer into ultrafine composite fibers, and thermally compressing and sintering the ultrafine composite fibers.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has improved photoelectric conversion characteristics. The dye adsorption amount per unit weight of metal-oxide nanoparticles is improved. The metal-oxide layer has high electron transportation capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized solar cell comprises a semiconductor electrode including a substrate and a metal-oxide layer formed on the substrate, a counter electrode spaced apart from the semiconductor electrode, and an electrolyte filled between the semiconductor electrode and the counter electrode. The metal-oxide layer comprises dye-adsorbed metal-oxide nanoparticles. The metal-oxide nanoparticles are formed by electrospinning a mixed solution of a metal-oxide precursor and a polymer into ultrafine composite fibers, and thermally compressing and sintering the ultrafine composite fibers. The metal-oxide nanoparticles are formed of titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, niobium oxide, tungsten oxide, strontium oxide, and/or zirconium oxide. The metal-oxide nanoparticles are anatase-type titanium oxide nanoparticles, and the semiconductor electrode further includes a rutile-type titanium-oxide layer formed on the metal-oxide layer. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of dye-sensitized solar cell.
NOVELTY - Carbon monoxide resistance of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell is improved by providing anode diffusion layer having catalyst which has selective catalytic oxidation effect with respect to the carbon monoxide gas.    USE - Method for improving carbon monoxide resistance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently improves carbon monoxide resistance of proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The performance degradation of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The catalyst is platinum or gold catalyst. The anode diffusion layer is carbon paper or carbon cloth soaked in ethanol solution of platinic chloride or chloroauric acid.
NOVELTY - A primary dispersing agent containing n-type impurity and secondary dispersing agent containing p-type impurity are coated on a semiconductor substrate, and a projective layer which covers primary dispersing agent and/or secondary dispersing agent is formed. The n-type impurity and p-type impurity are diffused in surface of the semiconductor substrate by heat processing the substrate, and solar cell is manufactured. The n-type impurity is phosphorus and/or phosphorus compound. The p-type impurity is boron and/or boron compound. The projective layer is oxide film.    USE - Manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell having excellent electrical property, is efficiently manufactured.
NOVELTY - The multifunction solar cell has a middle subshell (B) comprising a base (112) and an emitter (111), has a band gap of 1.2-1.6 eV. The middle subshell is arranged and lattice mismatched on a bottom subshell (A) having band gap of 0.8-1.2 eV. A top subshell (C) has a base (120), an emitter (119) forming a homojunction. The top subshell is arranged over and lattice matched to the middle subshell such that the base-emitter junction in the middle and top subshells forms a heterojunction.    USE - Multifunction solar cell for use in concentrator terrestrial power system and satellite.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the multifunction solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of forming multifunction solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Emitter of middle subshell (111)    Base of middle subshell (112)    Emitter of top subshell (119)    Base of top subshell (120)    Bottom subshell (A)    Middle subshell (B)    Top subshell (C)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic element (10) has a semiconductor layer (4) containing amorphous thin film (41) and crystal thin film (42), formed between p-type semiconductor layer (3) and n-type semiconductor layer (5). The semiconductor layer (4) comprises crystal grains of predefined size. A pillar-shaped structure is extended from the p-type semiconductor layer to n-type semiconductor layer.    USE - Photovoltaic element such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency of the photovoltaic element is improved and manufacturing cost of the photovoltaic element is reduced by using a simple arrangement.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of photovoltaic element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the photovoltaic element.    P-type semiconductor layer (3)    Semiconductor layer (4)    N-type semiconductor layer (5)    Photovoltaic element (10)    Amorphous thin film (41)    Crystal thin film (42)
NOVELTY - A thin-film solar cell element has a photoelectric conversion layer which consists of a semiconductor film comprising silicon as main component between a surface transparent electrode layer (2) and a back surface metal-electrode layer (9), and a transparent electrode layer comprising oxide as main component and which is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and back surface metal-electrode layer. The transparent electrode layer has a through hole. The thin-film solar cell element comprises an electroconductive component which consists of non-oxide.    USE - Thin-film solar cell element is used for solar energy power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The thin-film solar cell element has high power generation efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A thin-film solar cell element has a photoelectric conversion layer which consists of a semiconductor film comprising silicon as main component between a surface transparent electrode layer and a back surface metal-electrode layer, and a transparent electrode layer comprising oxide as main component and which is provided between the photoelectric conversion layer and the back surface metal-electrode layer. The transparent electrode layer has a through hole. The thin-film solar cell element comprises an electroconductive component which consists of non-oxide, and which touches the photoelectric conversion layer and the back surface metal-electrode layer in the through hole. The non-oxide comprises platinum, gold, chromium, ruthenium or titanium nitride. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of thin-film solar cell element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a longitudinal cross-sectional view and bird's-eye view of the thin-film solar cell element. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Substrate (1)    Surface transparent electrode layer (2)    Back surface transparent electrode layer (8)    Back surface metal-electrode layer (9)    Insulating layer (10)
NOVELTY - Silico-sodo-calcic glass composition (I) comprises: ferric oxide (0-0.02 %); and mixture of molybdenum oxide and tungsten oxide (0.1-2%).    USE - (I) is useful for preparing a glass sheet, which is useful in photovoltaic cells, solar cells, parabolic mirrors for the concentration of solar energy or diffusers for retro-lighting of display screens of LCD (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has a thickness of 3.2 mm and luminous transmission or energetic transmission of at least 91%, preferably 91.5%. (I) does not contain any other agent that absorbs the visible and infrared radiations thus exhibit high transmission of the glass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a glass sheet obtained by a flotation process on a molten tin bath.
NOVELTY - Silico-sodo-calcic glass composition (I) comprises: ferric oxide (0-0.02 %); and potassium oxide (1.5-10%).    USE - (I) is useful for preparing glass sheet, which is useful in photovoltaic cells, solar cells, parabolic mirrors for the concentration of solar energy or diffusers for retro-lighting of display screens of LCD (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has a thickness of 3.2 mm and luminous transmission or energetic transmission of at least 91%, preferably 91.5%. (I) does not contain any other agent that absorbs the visible and infrared radiations thus exhibit high transmission of the glass.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a glass sheet obtained by a flotation process on a molten tin bath.
NOVELTY - A rotating disc consists of a base material having a surface coated with a ceramic thin film.    USE - Rotating disc is used for centrifugal atomization of raw material into fine powder (claimed) e.g. for centrifugal atomization of molten metal of refractory materials, such as copper, used for producing injection-molded products for use in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The rotating disc prevents mixing of impurities in molten metal and has excellent resistance to thermal impact damage. The base material has excellent heat resistance. The rotating disc enables high-density thermal spraying.
NOVELTY - The reactor (10) has reactor main portion (12) that is formed by connecting low-temperature reaction portion (14) and the high temperature reaction portion (16). A heat insulation container (11) is connected with the main portion. A fixing portion (13) is used to fix the main portion to the container. A wall is formed at the side of reaction portions.    USE - Reactor for fuel cell apparatus (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to notebook-type personal computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), electronic notebook, digital camera, mobile phone, wristwatch, game machine, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Distribution of temperature of temperature reaction portions is made uniform.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell apparatus; and    (2) electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of the reactor.    Reactor (10)    Heat insulation container (11)    Reactor main portion (12)    Fixing portion (13)    Low-temperature reaction portion (14)    High temperature reaction portion (16)
NOVELTY - A purification of silicon involves blowing the process gas in silicon molten metal by stirring the silicon molten metal which is in the processing tank (2).    USE - Purification of silicon used for solar cell material.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides highly purified silicon and reduces the concentration of oxygen. The solar cell material containing silicon is economical.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the purification apparatus.    Melting furnace (1)    Processing tank (2)    Heater (6)    Process-gas blow-in pipe (22)    Transformer (23)
NOVELTY - The system (1) has cooling water line (21) that pours cooling water (c) to absorb heat generated in fuel cell (20). A heat exchanger (30) transmits heat of water (c) to water-heat-recovery water (h) received from storage tank (40) through water-heat-recovery water line (31). A temperature rising device (50) heats water (c). The cooling-water and water-heat-recovery water pumps (22,32) make waters (c,h) to circulate. A controller (60) controls temperature rising device to start pumps, and to heat water (h) more than preset temperature when fuel cell is in inactive state.    USE - Fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The reproduction of bacteria in the water-heat-recovery water is suppressed even when the fuel cell is not operated for long time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shoes a block diagram of the fuel cell system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Fuel cell system (1)    Fuel cell (20)    Cooling water line (21)    Heat exchanger (30)    Water-heat-recovery water line (31)    Storage tank (40)    Temperature rising device (50)    Controller (60)    Cooling water (c)    Water-heat-recovery water (h)
NOVELTY - The package has post electrode components with a support part connected to electrode pad regions, respectively. A large scale integration (LSI) region and the electrode pad regions are formed on a semiconductor substrate. A resin sealing part fills a space between the post electrode components, and a hole is formed in the support part. Wirings are provided in a surface of the resin sealing part. An insulation base-material tape is sticked on stainless steel, silicon substrate or glass. A wiring pattern is formed on the insulation base-material tape.    USE - Wafer-level chip-size package for packaging a large scale integration (LSI) chip i.e. solar cell chip.    ADVANTAGE - The package effectively collects pre-process installation information, and is inexpensive. The package has wide application.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a wafer-level chip-size package manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a wafer-level chip-size package.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - A cleaning agent contains a surfactant (A), and its redox potential and pH value satisfy a specific relation.    USE - Cleaning agent is used for cleaning of electronic materials such as magnetic disk substrates, flat panel display substrates and photomask substrates (claimed). Can also be used for cleaning of silicon wafers, optical lenses, printing wiring boards, optical communication cables, LEDs, solar cell substrates, and crystal resonators. The flat panel display substrates include liquid crystal panel substrates, color filter substrate, array substrates, plasma display substrates and organic electroluminescent display substrates.    ADVANTAGE - The cleaning agent has excellent particle removing properties, and excellent cleaning effect with respect to electronic material substrates.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A cleaning agent contains a surfactant (A), and satisfy a specific relation: V'greater than or equal to (-38.7x pH+550), where V'is redox potential (in mV) of the cleaning agent and pH is pH value of the cleaning agent, at 25 degrees C (at active ingredient concentration for use as cleaning liquid).
NOVELTY - A system controller synchronizes a laser controller, attenuator driver and a sweeping unit so that the laser beam intensity is set to a predetermined level according to the process of the annealing or scribing of the amorphous silicon film.    USE - Laser and optical system for material annealing and scribing in manufacture of thin film solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The structure of the laser and optical system is simple. The cost of the laser and optical system is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for manufacture of solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view illustrating the single pass output pulse string of the laser and optics system.    Photoelectric cell areas (A1-An)    Scribing line areas (S1-Sn)
NOVELTY - The fluid receiving conduits (60-76) supported by a diffuser backing plate (28) mounted in the process chamber, remove heat generated within the chamber by the plasma. Each conduit defines an input port for injecting the fluid into the conduit and an output port for removing the fluid from the conduit such that the flow of the cooling fluid through the conduits is sufficient to maintain the temperature of the glass substrate (14) accommodated inside the chamber at approximately 200 degrees C.    USE - Plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition chamber for depositing amorphous or microcrystalline silicon on glass substrate for solar cell fabrication.    ADVANTAGE - The excess heat generated by the plasma within the process chamber is efficiently removed away from the diffuser as well as the backing plate by the cooling fluid injected through the conduits.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side cross-sectional view of the plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition chamber.    Substrate support (12)    Glass substrate (14)    Diffuser (20)    Backing plate (28)    Conduits (60-76)
NOVELTY - The halide removable apparatus (2) has a reaction container (12) filled with package containing halide absorber (13) comprising sodium aluminate, for absorbing halide in source gas using dry-type gas purification technique, while maintaining gas at a specific temperature which is not less than dew point. A physical filtration unit sets the concentration of halide to specific range, after absorbing halide from source gas. Package containing halide absorber is removed, after absorption of halide from source gas.    USE - Halide removal apparatus of dry-type gas purification system, for removing halide such as hydrogen chloride and hydrogen fluoride, etc., from source gas obtained by gasification of fossil fuel, biomass or waste material, etc., used as fuel in fuel cell, gas turbine, gas engine (all claimed), etc.    ADVANTAGE - Removal of halide from source gas can be performed at high precision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the halide removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Biomass gasifier (1)    Halide removal apparatus (2)    Heat exchanger (3)    Reaction container (12)    Halide absorber (13)
NOVELTY - The purge is performed by an inert gas to reactive gas flow path while driving of the fuel cell is stopped. The purge by inert gas is stopped when the clamp load of the fuel cell stack is below predetermined load. The clamp load of the fuel cell stack is opened, and fuel cell is disassembled after completion of purge. The electric power generation cell is stacked and fuel cell stack is assembled.    USE - Assembly and disassembly method of fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly and disassembly of the fuel cell stack is performed efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flow chart of the assembly and disassembly method of fuel cell stack. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - An organic solar cell (A) has a photoelectric converting layer containing (1) an organic material semiconductor with absorption-of-light peak to an infrared-light region, between two electrodes (2). The organic material semiconductor with absorption-of-light peak to an infrared-light region is naphthalocyanine or naphthalocyanine derivative.    USE - Organic solar cell is used for optical sensor (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The organic solar cell has excellent electric power generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the organic solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Photoelectric converting layer (1)    Electrode (2)    Organic solar cell (A)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric conversion apparatus has a non-monocrystal semiconductor (4) provided on a main surface of an upper conductive material (3) facing a lower conductive material (9). A sealing unit (6) seals a liquid or gel-form electrolyte (7) provided between the conductive materials for contacting peripheral side surface of the non-monocrystal semiconductor.    USE - Photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of reverse electron transfer in an electrolyte can be reduced by sealing the electrolyte. Hence, the photoelectric conversion efficiency can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Upper conductive material (3)    Non-monocrystal semiconductor (4)    Sealing unit (6)    Electrolyte (7)    Lower conductive material (9)
NOVELTY - A slurry acceptance tank (11) accommodates slurry. An absorbent (19) is provided with a magnet and is inserted into the slurry acceptance tank, so that non-magnetic foreign material in slurry adheres to outer casing of the absorbent. The absorbent is removed from the slurry acceptance tank and is inserted into a cleaning apparatus (13) for cleaning the magnetic foreign materials adhered to the absorbent.    USE - Apparatus for removing magnetic foreign material in slurry after cutting silicon ingot in wire saw during manufacture of wafer used for integrated circuit and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The magnetic foreign material in slurry and absorbent is removed effectively, so that the absorbent can be used repeatedly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a front view of the magnetic foreign material removal apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Magnetic foreign material removal apparatus (10)    Slurry acceptance tank (11)    Washing apparatus (13)    Support apparatus (15)    Absorbent (19)
NOVELTY - The photoelectric transducer includes a single crystal of the organic-semiconductor compound with an aspect ratio of 1 to 2. The single crystal of the organic-semiconductor compound is flat form, and is orientating in the horizontal direction with respect to a substrate.    USE - Photoelectric transducer for solar cell (claimed) and organic electroluminescent element (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides photoelectric transducer which allows formation of solar cell with high photoelectric conversion efficiency, and organic electroluminescent element with high external quantum efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a solar cell; and    (2) an organic electroluminescent element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is model which shows the structure of a solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric conversion material contains a thiazolidine compound (1) and a bithiazolidinylidene compound (2).    USE - Photoelectric conversion material is used for semiconductor electrode for photoelectric transducer (both claimed) and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion material has excellent conversion efficiency, and provides transducer having excellent adsorption stability of pigment with respect to electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric conversion material contains a thiazolidine compound of formula (1) and a bithiazolidinylidene compound of formula (2).    R1,R3=aliphatic group or aromatic group having acidic group with pKa of less than 6;    R2,R4=4-14C aliphatic group;and    R5=4C or less aliphatic group.
NOVELTY - A solar battery consists of an amorphous silicon film solar battery (1), an up-converter (2), and a back reflecting layer (3) which are sequentially combined into a sealed battery via an ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, and effectively uses the function of up-converter for converting the spectrum width domain from infrared to visible light.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar battery consists of an amorphous silicon film solar battery, an up-converter, and a back reflecting layer which are sequentially combined into a sealed battery via an ethylene-vinylacetate copolymer. The up-converter contains mixture of material of oxide, halide or sulfide, and low-temperature solidification material. The back reflecting layer is layer of film consisting of metal and/or oxide. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar battery.    Amorphous silicon film solar battery (1)    Up-converter (2)    Back reflecting layer (3)
NOVELTY - The solar battery comprises a conductive gate which is made of glass or metal, and metal back contact piece. The n-type or p-type tin sulfide film is formed between the conductive gate and metal back contact piece.    USE - Solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The carrier collection of the solar battery can be improved by the arrangement of tin sulfide film.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a crystalline material in a worm hole structure provided over a surface of semiconductor substrate (503). The surface region of the crystalline material is joined to the substrate through a glue layer (501). A cover layer including the light trapping elements is formed over the portion of crystalline material.    USE - Method for fabricating photovoltaic material used during manufacture of solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The durability and performance of the photovoltaic device are improved by the arrangement of cover layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) photovoltaic device; and    (2) method for manufacturing solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view explaining the method for fabricating photovoltaic material.    Glue layer (501)    Semiconductor substrate (503)
NOVELTY - The plug (1.1) has a contact pin (1.1.2) arranged and fastened to a contact holder (1.1.1). The contact holder accommodates a cable sealing ring (1.1.3) with a traction relief claw fastener (1.1.4) at an end side. The traction relief claw fastener cooperates with a pressure screw (1.1.5) for decoupling traction and pressure forces acting at a cable (1.1.6) from the contact pin. The contact holder is formed by molded plastic, where the contact pin is fixed at the contact holder by molding and fastened to the contact holder in a force-fit manner.    USE - Plug for use with a socket (claimed) of a plug connector for interconnecting solar panels in a solar system such as a photovoltaic system.    ADVANTAGE - The traction relief claw fastener cooperates with the pressure screw for decoupling traction and pressure forces acting at the cable from the contact pin, so that the plug is manufactured and assembled in a free and natural manner. The plug is compatibly plugged to the socket of the plug connector, so that the plug connection is compactly formed in the plug connector.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a socket comprising locking hooks.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional perspective view of a plug.    Plug (1.1)    Contact holder (1.1.1)    Contact pin (1.1.2)    Cable sealing ring (1.1.3)    Traction relief claw fastener (1.1.4)    Pressure screw (1.1.5)    Cable (1.1.6)
NOVELTY - A coating liquid contains an organic indium compound, organometallic compound for dopants, and solvent. The organometallic compound for dopants is chosen from organic titanium compound, organogermanium compound, organozinc compound, organic tungsten compound, organic zirconium compound, organic tantalum compound, organic niobium compound, organic hafnium compound and/or organic vanadium compound. The total content of organic indium compound and organometallic compound is 1-30 weight%.    USE - Coating liquid is used for manufacture of transparent conductive film (claimed) for display element such as liquid crystal display, plasma display, touch panel and transparent electrode of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coating liquid has excellent electroconductive property, stability, coating property and transparency.
NOVELTY - A solar cell component has a resin layer (2) containing titanium oxide (10-80 volume%), and an inorganic oxide barrier layer (4) provided on one surface of a plastic base material (1). The inorganic oxide barrier layer has thickness of 5-300 nm.    USE - Component for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell component has excellent electric power generation efficiency, gas-barrier property, insulation property and flexibility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell component.    Plastic base material (1)    Resin layer (2)    Primer layer (3)    Inorganic oxide barrier layer (4)    Compound film layer (5)
NOVELTY - A particle-containing composition contains binder resin and/or resin monomer, solvent and particles. The content of particles with respect to solid content other than particles in the composition is 55 weight% or more. The cured material (film) of the particle-containing composition has parameter Z value of 0.003-0.060, which is calculated from thickness (t), surface roughness (Ra) and parallel-ray transmittance (Tp) of the cured material.    USE - Particle-containing composition is used for forming particle-containing film for laminate used for optical components (all claimed) including but are not limited to optical filter, lamp lens and window sunroof for motor vehicles, optical fiber, optical waveguide, prism, optical-disk substrate, substrate of display such as organic electroluminescent display, liquid crystal display, plasma display and field emission display, light emitting diode and solar cell such as single crystal silicon solar cell, polycrystalline silicon solar cell, dye sensitized solar cell etc.    ADVANTAGE - The particle-containing composition is excellent in long-term storage stability. High yield of film excellent in transparency, achromatism, toughness, heat resistance, mechanical strength and high refractive index, is formed economically using the composition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A particle-containing composition contains binder resin and/or resin monomer, solvent and particles. The content of particles with respect to solid content other than particles in the composition is 55 weight% or more. The cured material (film) of the particle-containing composition has parameter Z value of 0.003-0.060, which is calculated by a formula: Z=(100-Tp)x Ra/t, where t is thickness of cured material, Ra is surface roughness of cured material and Tp is parallel-ray transmittance (Tp) of cured material.
NOVELTY - A transparent film contains fumaric-acid diester-type resin and spherical inorganic particles. The spherical inorganic particles have average particle diameter of 200 nm or less.    USE - Transparent film is used for crosslinked transparent film, and plastic substrate used for color filter, thin film transistor arrays, touch panels and solar cells (all claimed). Can also be used as optical film used for liquid crystal display, organic electroluminescent display and flat panel display.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent film has excellent transparency and heat resistance.
NOVELTY - A light collecting device comprises a Fresnel lens unit comprising a light entrance face and a light emitting face, and an anti-reflecting layer installed at the light entrance face. It is close to a light processing unit that is close to a light emitting face and transmits or converts the ray emitted by the Fresnel lens unit.    USE - A light collecting device, preferably a solar collecting device for a light processing unit, preferably an optical fiber cable, solar cell unit, or photoelectric converting unit (claimed).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view of a Light collecting device.
NOVELTY - A white polyester film has a layered laminated structure containing polyester layer (A and B) and a core layer on at least single surface of a film. The polyester layer (A) contains polyester resin having glass transition temperature of 180-220 degrees C and melt volume flow rate of 2-50 cm3/10 minutes based on ASTM D1238. The polyester film has average relative reflectance of 99% or more at wavelength of 400-700 nm.    USE - White polyester film is used for LCD reflecting plate for personal computer, television and mobile telephone, and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The white polyester film has high reflectance and intensity, and provides having excellent durability, contamination prevention property and light resistance.
NOVELTY - An anthracene compound is new.    USE - Anthracene compound for charge transport material used in organic electroluminescent element for display (claimed), electrophotographic photoreceptor, photoelectric transducer, organic solar cell or organic rectifier.    ADVANTAGE - The compound has high solubility and manufactured organic electroluminescent element has high efficiency and long life.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anthracene compound of formula (I) is new.    Ar1-Ar4=optionally substituted aromatic hydrocarbon; and    G1=bond or coupling group.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) charge transport material for wet film formation comprising anthracene compound; and    (2) organic electroluminescent element comprising organic light emitting layer provided between anode and cathode and layer consist of charge transport material.
NOVELTY - A sheet is a laminate containing weather-resistance base material (DS) and gas barrier base material (GS). The gas barrier base material contains plastic film layer (S), primer layer (P) for soft vapor deposition, vapor deposition layer (V), and/or primer layer for hard vapor deposition (H).    USE - Sheet used for sealing back surface of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The sheet has excellent moisture resistance, heat resistance, gas barrier property and adhesiveness.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the sheet.    Sheet (1A,1B)    Weather-resistance base material (DS)    Gas barrier layer (GS)    Primary layer for hard vapor deposition (H)    Overcoat layer for vapor deposition (O)    Primer layer for soft vapor deposition (P)    Plastic film layer (S)    Vapor deposition layer (V)
NOVELTY - An anti-reflective photocatalyst composition contains (in weight parts) nano-size titanium dioxide-tungsten oxide type photocatalyst (1), silane group binder (10-40), water (300-500) and alcohol (1000-2000).    USE - Anti-reflective photocatalyst composition is used for glass substrate (claimed) for glass lighting fixture, and for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The glass substrate coated with the anti-reflective photocatalyst composition has improved light transmittance, and contamination-proof property. The film formed using the photocatalyst composition has high hardness, and is not easily peeled from the substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anti-reflective photocatalyst composition contains (in weight parts) nano-size titanium dioxide-tungsten oxide (TiO2-WOx) type photocatalyst (1), silane group binder (10-40), water (300-500) and alcohol (1000-2000), where x is 2.0-3.0.
NOVELTY - Passivation layer for a transparent conductive oxide layer in a compound with an organic active layer containing a monolayer made from an aromatic molecule with a dipole moment, is claimed, where: the monolayer forming aromatic molecule is a molecule of axial substituted metal-phthalocyanine with acid groups; and the metal compound is at least a trivalent and the aromatic part of the molecule is arranged parallel to the surface of the oxide layer.    USE - The passivation layer is useful for a transparent conductive oxide layer in organic solar cells.
NOVELTY - The multilayered structure has cathode (10) and conducting metal layer (20). A tree-like nanostructure array (34) of photo-active layer (30) has trunk portion (34B) and branch portion (34A) which is used as electron acceptor. Conjugate polymer filler (32) of photo-active layer is used as electron donor. The trunk portion is formed inside the surface of conducting metal layer to provide long straight transport pathway to transport electrons. The electron-hole separation is provided in the contact area between branch portion and conjugate polymer filler.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since electron-hole separation is provided in the contact area between branch portion and conjugate polymer filler, energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for preparing solar cell having multi-layered structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of solar cell.    Cathode (10)    Conducting metal layer (20)    Photo-active layer (30)    Conjugate polymer filler (32)    Tree-like nanostructure array (34)    Branch portion (34A)    Trunk portion (34B)
NOVELTY - Nanocomposite preparation involves performing surface modification of an inorganic oxide with a silane coupling agent. The surface modified inorganic oxide is polymerized with a conductive monomer and an oxidant catalyst in supercritical carbon dioxide. The inorganic oxide is selected from titanium dioxide, silicon dioxide, aluminum trioxide, calcium carbonate, zirconium trioxide, zinc oxide or tin oxide. The oxidant catalyst is selected from ammonium persulfate, ferric chloride, cupric chloride, copper fluoroborate, copper oxychloride or potassium perchromate.    USE - Method for preparing nanocomposite by utilizing supercritical carbon dioxide, for use as battery cathode and for use in sensor nanoscopic assembly structure, microelectronics or solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The nanocomposite preparation enables to provide nanocomposite with high conversion rate in an eco-friendly manner and facilitates easy separation of desired product by avoiding solubilization problem.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The conductive monomer is X of formulae (I, II, III) or Y of formulae (IV or V).    Z=imine or vinyl group;    Q=S, Se or N-R7; and    R1-R7=H, hydroxyl, halogen, halide, 50C or lower alkyl, alkoxy, alkylcarboxy, alkylester, alkylhydroxyl, nitroalkyl, cyanoalkyl, haloalkyl, oxyhaloalkyl, cyanohaloalkyl, aryl, oxyaryl, haloaryl, nitroaryl, cyanoaryl, oxyhaloalkylaryl, haloalkylaryl, nitrohaloalkylaryl or cyanohaloalkylaryl.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a transmission electron microscopy picture of the polypyrrole or titanium dioxide nanocomposite.
NOVELTY - The module (1) has a separating groove (10) formed in the interface of intermediate layer (5) and one thin film photoelectric conversion unit (6), between intermediate layer and connection groove (11). The separating groove is embedded with a material i.e. crystalline silicon film which is the embedded material of another thin film photoelectric conversion unit (4). A separating structure is not formed between the separating groove and the connection groove.    USE - Integrated tandem type thin-film solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The problem of current leak can be suppressed through the intermediate layer and high light conversion efficiency with respect to module is achieved by suppressing expansion of an ineffective area not contributing to power generation.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of thin-film solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of sectional view of integrated tandem type thin-film solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Integrated tandem type thin-film solar cell module (1)    Thin film photoelectric conversion unit (4,6)    Interface layer (5)    Separating groove (10)    Connection groove (11)
NOVELTY - A compound semiconductor substrate has compound semiconductor layer including compound semiconductor containing arsenic, on silicon board whose interface is provided with island-like substance whose density of arsenic is higher than that in compound semiconductor layer.    USE - Compound semiconductor substrate is used for semiconductor device for electronic device, optical device, magnetic sensor, ultra high speed device, solar cell, two-dimensional electron gas (all claimed), high electron mobility transistor and heterojunction bipolar transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The compound semiconductor substrate having reduced density defect in interface vicinity is manufactured in high yield. The optical device comprising the compound semiconductor substrate has excellent luminous efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of compound semiconductor substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flowchart of manufacture of compound semiconductor substrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Remove contaminant present on surface of silicon substrate (S31)    Remove oxide film followed by hydrogen termination treatment (S32)    Raise temperature of silicon substrate (S33)    Before elimination of terminated hydrogen and apply arsenic (S34)    Apply compound semiconductor (S35)    Produce semiconductor substrate (S36)
NOVELTY - A fuel cell system has a fixed portion (2) which fixes or eliminates hydrazine, fuel cell (1) into which hydrazine eliminated in fixed portion is supplied as fuel, a supply line for supplying hydrazine aqueous solution from hydrazine supply source to fixed portion, a discharge line for emitting wastewater from fixed portion, a detection portion (a) for detecting hydrazine concentration in hydrazine aqueous solution, detection portion (b) for detecting hydrazine concentration in wastewater, and detection portion (26).    USE - Fuel cell system is used for motor vehicles, railway and aircraft.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell system is efficient, economical and free from generation of carbon dioxide gas, and has reduced emission of hydrazine.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell system has a fixed portion which fixes or eliminates hydrazine, fuel cell into which hydrazine eliminated in fixed portion is supplied as fuel, a supply line for supplying hydrazine aqueous solution from hydrazine supply source to fixed portion, a discharge line for emitting wastewater from fixed portion, a detection portion (a) for detecting hydrazine concentration contained in hydrazine aqueous solution, detection portion (b) for detecting hydrazine concentration in wastewater, and a detection portion. The detection portion detects the quantity of hydrazine immobilized by fixed portion based on concentration value detected detection portions (a,b).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows schematic block diagram of fuel cell.    Fuel cell (1)    Fixed portion (2)    Hydrogen supply portion (3)    Indicator (24)    Detection portion (26)
NOVELTY - The concentrator has an optical concentrating element (12) e.g. fresnel lens, collecting input light (14), and a redirecting component having a set of incremental steps receive and redirect the input light. A waveguide (22) is provided with a geometry coupled to the incremental steps along length, and propagates the input light to be collected by a receiver (26), where receiver width is a function of height of the waveguide. The concentrator element is placed above or below the waveguide, and establishes an output angle within a critical angle of the waveguide.    USE - Solar concentrator for producing electrical, thermal and radioactive energy.    ADVANTAGE - The concentrator allows the light to pass through the waveguide and get redirected back to the waveguide, thus enabling light recycling, and hence increasing efficiency for concentration of light. The concentrator can aggregate light from a wide area and concentrate the light to a relatively small receiver, so that productivity of the concentrator is simplified by reducing amount of material required, thus reducing assembly complexity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a light waveguide.    Optical concentrating element (12)    Input light (14)    Waveguide (22)    Receiver (26)    Reflective section (32)
NOVELTY - A p-type-n-type homogeneous junction (p-n homo-junction) formed on a substrate comprises first oxide of copper deposited as thin film on a surface of a substrate; and second oxide of copper deposited as thin film on the first copper oxide. The first and second oxides of copper are the same and are deposited from a solution. One of the first or second oxide of copper is deposited as n-type and the other one of the first or second oxide is deposited as n-type. The p-type or n-type as-deposited oxide of copper is amorphous or polycrystalline with grain size of 1 mu m.    USE - P-type-N-type homogeneous junction for a solar cell, solid-state device, high performance electronic device, or optoelectronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The p-n homo-junction provides the device to have low cost, large size, and high performance/efficiency. The fabrication of n-type and p-type semiconducting oxides of copper on substrates is economical, provides flexibility to tailor the end properties and the homogeneous metal ion distribution in the end product, and has the capability to control the chemical phases, microstructures and physical properties of the materials deposited. Deposition is conducted on substrate without use of vacuum and without microcracks, and is suitable even with irregular surfaces. The deposited films are of high quality.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for forming a p-n homo-junction; and    (2) a method of forming a device having one or more p-n homo-junctions, comprising sequential deposition of an oxide of copper from solution on surface(s) of a substrate, where conduction type of the oxide of copper is controlled by pH of the solution.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a graph of current-voltage characteristics of a deposited cuprous oxide p-n homo-junction structure before breakdown.
NOVELTY - The flexible transparent electrode useful in a display device, comprises a transparent substrate, and a transparent conductive film comprising a graphene sheet with a thickness of 0.1-100 nm. The transparent electrode has a sheet resistance of 1-1000 Omega /sq, and a transmittance of 70-99.9%. The graphene sheet is prepared by a process comprising forming a graphitizing catalyst in the form of a sheet, coating an organic material on the graphitizing catalyst, and heat-treating the resultant in an inert or reductive atmosphere to form a graphene sheet.    USE - The flexible transparent electrode is useful in a display device such as liquid crystal display, an electronic paper like display and an organic light emitting display device, and in a dye-sensitized solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The flexible transparent electrode can be simply prepared with excellent electrical and physical characteristics such as high conductivity, low sheet resistance, low surface roughness, improved transmittance, low contact resistance, high economical efficiency and excellent membrane uniformity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) an organic light emitting display device; and    (2) a dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a structure of a dyesensitized solar cell.    Semiconductor electrode (10)    Conductive transparent substrate (11)    Light absorbance layer (12)    Electrolyte layer (13)    Opposite electrode. (14)
NOVELTY - A solar cell comprises composite thin film(s) comprising a combination of amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon. The crystalline silicon particles having particle size of 1-500 nm are dispersed in the amorphous silicon matrix.    USE - A solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell has enhanced photoelectric conversion efficiency and reduced defects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell comprising mixing a silicon precursor with crystalline silicon; coating the mixture on a substrate or an electrode layer, or printing the substrate or the electrode with the mixture; and heating the coated or printed substrate to modify the silicon precursor into an amorphous silicon matrix.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-sectional view of solar cell having a composite thin film fabricated by the amorphous silicon and the nanocrystalline silicon.    Substrate (500)    Transparent conductive oxide layer (501)    Semiconductor films (502-504)    Metal electrode (505)
NOVELTY - The device (110) has a gas/liquid separation unit i.e. cyclone (111A), arranged in a wet gas conditioning enclosure (111). A vaporization unit i.e. ultrasonic generator (114), vaporizes liquid contained in a liquid recuperation tank (113), and is connected to an energy supplying and controlling unit (119). The tank and the enclosure are communicated for simultaneously permitting outflow of the liquid from the enclosure towards the tank, and for passing the vapor from the tank towards the enclosure. A liquid level detector (115) is provided in the tank.    USE - Device for conditioning wet gas for processing recycled waste gas of an anodic cell and a cathodic cell of a fuel cell i.e. proton-exchange membrane cell, adapted to a supply of a drive train of a motor vehicle (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The device conditions the wet gas for processing the recycled waste gas of the fuel cell in an efficient manner without penalizing implantation of the fuel cell on the vehicle. The device can be controlled in a reliable manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a wet gas conditioning device.    Wet gas conditioning device (110)    Wet gas conditioning enclosure (111)    Cyclone (111A)    Liquid recuperation tank (113)    Ultrasonic generator (114)    Liquid level detector (115)    Energy supplying and controlling unit (119)
NOVELTY - The mixture containing countless catalyst support carbon and water is taken into the chamber. The mixture is stirred by auto rotating the chamber by providing centrifugal force, to obtain intermediate product (I). The obtained intermediate product is subjected to vaporization and is pulverized in the surface of the intermediate product. Then, the product is lyophilized (S4), and reduced pressure, to obtain intermediate product (II). The polyelectrolyte solution is mixed with the obtained product and maintained at pressure reduction state, to obtain paste (S5).    USE - Manufacture of paste for electrodes used for membrane electrode assembly used in fuel cell (all claimed) for power supply of electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides paste with excellent gas diffusion property and proton-conductivity. The fuel cell comprising paste has high output.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The mixture containing countless catalyst support carbon and water is taken into the chamber. The mixture is stirred by auto rotating the chamber by providing centrifugal force and weight of the mixture in the revolving chamber is measured, to obtain intermediate product (I). The obtained intermediate product is subjected to vaporization and is pulverized in the surface of the intermediate product excluding the absorbed water surface. Then, the product is lyophilized, and reduced pressure, to obtain intermediate product (II). The polyelectrolyte solution is mixed with the obtained product and maintained at pressure reduction state, to obtain paste.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flowchart illustrating the manufacture of paste. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Preparation of countless catalyst carbon support (S1)    Injecting catalyst in beaker (S2)    Mixing catalyst with water (S3)    Lyophilization of intermediate product (S4)    Manufacture of paste (S5)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell has metal oxide semiconductor electrode, charge transferring layer (4) having metal oxide (2) with pigment (3) adsorbed on surface, and counter electrode (5) which are all on top of an electroconductive base material (1). The metal oxide semiconductor electrode is covered with metal oxide precursor and core microparticles, and has first shell carried out with sintering processing and second shell where metal oxide containing a dopant is coated on upper layer. The conduction band level of second shell is higher than conduction band level of core microparticles.    USE - A dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, improved electromotive force and decreased recombination.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized solar cell has metal oxide semiconductor electrode, charge transferring layer (4) having metal oxide (2) with pigment (3) adsorbed on surface, and counter electrode (5) which are all on top of an electroconductive base material (1). The metal oxide semiconductor electrode is covered with metal oxide precursor and core microparticles on part and/or surface, and has first shell carried out with sintering processing and second shell where metal oxide containing a dopant is coated on upper layer. The conduction band level of second shell is higher than conduction band level of core microparticles. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing dye-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of the dye-sensitized solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Electroconductive base material (1)    Metal oxide (2)    Pigment (3)    Charge transferring layer (4)    Counter electrode (5)
NOVELTY - A film forming gas containing silane-type gas, hydrogen gas and oxygen gas is supplied between electrode (a,b). The electrode (b) is separated from electrode (a) comprising substrate (2). Then, alternating current is applied between electrodes (a,b) and plasma containing predetermined range of anion is generated to form silicon film on substrate. The supply of oxygen gas is suspended from film forming gas in the middle film formation. Thus, silicon film is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of silicon film for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively provides high-quality silicon film using reduced amount of energy of unwanted ions injected into substrate. The solar cell formed using silicon film has highly efficient fine-crystals, and high yield.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of structure of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Substrate (2)    Transparent electrode (4)    Metal electrode (6)    Zinc oxide (8,9)    Fine-crystal silicon cell (20a)
NOVELTY - Solar cell is manufactured by disposing solar cell (110) in chamber (102) having particle source (114); disposing patterned assembly (120) having aperture (120a) and assembly segment (120b) between particle source and solar cell; and selectively implanting first type dopants traveling through aperture into first region of the solar cell while minimizing introduction of the first type dopants into a region outside of the first region.    USE - Method for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method overcomes less quality solar cell and increase cost of manufacturing of solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for manufacturing solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the system for manufacturing a solar cell.    Chamber (102)    Solar cell (110)    Particle source (114)    Patterned assembly (120)    Aperture (120a)    Assembly segment (120b)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaically active layer comprises single film of material responsive to incoming light generating charge carriers, and having first and second major surfaces and regions in lateral direction parallel to major surfaces. The film is homogenous with respect to constituents of film but nonhomogeneous with respect to photovoltaic properties. The first regions are amorphous, and exhibits higher carrier generation rate than second regions having longer range order than first regions, extending perpendicular to major surfaces, and exhibiting greater carrier lifetime than first regions.    USE - A photovoltaically active layer for forming a solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The active layer achieves desired carrier lifetime allowing a greater percentage of the photo generated electrons and holes to reach electrodes on the major surfaces thus increasing overall efficiency of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of forming a photovoltaically active layer; and    (2) a method of forming a solar cell having a sequence of layers to generate photocurrent in response to incident light.
NOVELTY - The formation method involves forming buffer layer and first thin film (130) on first substrate, and then turning first substrate upside down to face second substrate (140). The buffer layer and first thin film are then separated from the first substrate, and added and set onto the second substrate. Deposits of buffer layer are then removed through an evaporation process. A second thin film (150), which is made of the same material as the first thin film, is then formed on the first thin film on the second substrate. The first and second thin films form the monocrystal substrate (200).    USE - Monocrystal substrate formation method for making monocrystal substrate used in solar cell. Can be used in power source of handheld small-sized electronic products.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a monocrystal substrate that improves the efficiency of a solar cell while saving material cost of the solar cell. Ensures that the monocrystal substrate has a thin structure, thus reducing the size of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the solar cell manufacture method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view showing a process in making a monocrystal substrate for use in solar cell.    First thin film (130)    Second substrate (140)    Second thin film (150)    Monocrystal substrate (200)
NOVELTY - A glass frit (3') (F1) comprises (mol.%) phosphorus oxide (10-25); vanadium oxide (40-50); zinc oxide (10-20); barium oxide (1-15); antimony oxide (1-10); iron oxide (1-10); aluminum oxide (0.1-5); boron oxide (0.1-5); bismuth oxide (1-10); and titanium oxide (0.1-5).    USE - In a glass frit paste composition useful for sealing electric element selected from organic light emitting diode (OLED) element, dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) or light emitting diode (LED) (claimed), sensor, and other optical devices.    ADVANTAGE - The glass frit has good sealing effect with respect to moisture and gas and is processable at low temperatures. The softening temperature (Tdsp) of the glass frit is 300-400 degrees C. The paste composition has viscosity of 500-50000 centipoise, and provides good water resistance and firing stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a glass frit paste composition (C1) comprising glass frit (F1), organic binder, and organic solvent; and    (2) sealing method for an electric element, which is manufactured by sealing at least two substrates involving printing (C1) on a predetermined position of a substrate to be sealed, and sealing the substrate by melting (C1) printed by laser.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an organic light emitting diode (OLED) element sealed by a sealing method.    Lower glass substrate (1')    Getter (2')    Glass frit (3')    Upper glass substrate (4')    Anode (5')
NOVELTY - The manufacture method involves preparing an organic substrate (110), and forming a tool film (101) on the organic substrate. The tool film, which may be a metal sheet, a wafer, or an organic plastic film that can be thermally cured or cured by UV curing or which may be made of a material with higher melting point than the organic substrate, is pressed in position on the organic substrate by adding pressure to the tool film. Concavo-convex structures, such as pyramids (A,B) or trapezoidal structures, are then formed on top of organic substrate to separate tool film on organic substrate.    USE - Substrate manufacture method for making substrate used in solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Provides a simplified and low-cost method for the manufacture of a substrate used in a solar cell, in which an uneven pyramid formation is printed on the top portion of the organic substrate. Ensures reduced material cost since the use of organic substrate for the solar cell proves to be cheaper than using a silicon substrate for the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) Solar cell fabrication method; and    (2) Solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view showing a process in making a substrate for use in a solar cell.    Tool film (101)    Organic substrate (110)    Pyramids (A,B)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a hole-transport layer (330) on a transparent substrate (310). An electrode is coated on a transparent substrate. A nano pattern is formed on a hole susceptible layer (340). An electron acceptation layer (350) is formed on the hole susceptible layer, and another electrode is formed on the electron acceptation layer.    USE - Method for manufacturing an organic solar cell (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to silicon solar cell, thin film solar cell, dye-sensitized solar cell and organic polymer solar battery that are utilized for an electronic watch, a radio, an unmanned lighthouse, an artificial satellite, and a rocket.    ADVANTAGE - The boundary contact surface between the electron acceptation layer and the hole susceptible layer is increased, and the charge separation of the electron-hole pair is facilitated. The hole is prevented from breakage, and is formed at the electrode layer without the loss, and the efficiency of the solar cell is increased.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for an organic solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of an organic solar cell.    Transparent substrate (310)    Electrode layers (320, 360)    Hole-transport layer (330)    Hole susceptible layer (340)    Electron acceptation layer (350)
NOVELTY - The separator (12) has a sealing plate (44) which covers anode gas communication path channel (38a) connecting a reactive gas flow channel (22) and a manifold (30,32). A groove portion as a wettability accelerating portion to promote the wettability of water is formed on the surface of the sealing plate which opposes the communication path channel.    USE - Separator for fuel cell (claimed) used for power supply of mobile telephone, portable personal computer, motor vehicle and home-use appliances.    ADVANTAGE - By providing wettability acceleration portion, the water droplet generated in the communication path is suppressed, so the communication path being obstructed in high humidity state is avoided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic top view of the separator for fuel cell.    Anode pole separator (12)    Reactive gas flow path channel (22)    Anode gas manifold (30,32)    Anode gas communication path channel (38a)    Sealing plate (44)
NOVELTY - A catalyst consists of ferrierite zeolite and a copper-zinc-aluminum group oxide. When the weight ratio of ferrierite zeolite is set to 1, the weight ratio of oxide is 0.1-5.    USE - Catalyst is used for direct synthesis of dimethylether from syngas, for use as fuel in fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has excellent stability, and enables economical and direct synthesis of high-purity dimethylether from syngas with high yield, selectivity, and conversion ratio. The catalyst suppresses water-gas shift reaction of carbon monoxide and minimizes production of by-products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of catalyst, which involves adding a metal precursor mixture and a basic precipitation agent to a suspended aqueous solution containing ferrierite zeolite, and curing the obtained precipitate at 200-600 degrees C. The metal precursor mixture contains a copper precursor, a zinc precursor, and an alumina precursor.
NOVELTY - Producing a solid/porous film comprises preparing a suspension of solid particles in a solvent and spreading the suspension (13) as a uniform layer of powder particles on a high-melting point support (12); eliminating the solvent to dry the uniform layer of powder particles into a dried porous uniform layer (14); and surface melting/sintering the dried uniform layer by direct contact with a concentrated heat source (15, 15') having a controlled gas composition to melt/sinter the layer into a solid/porous film.    USE - Method of producing a solid/porous film (claimed) for electronics (solar cells), ceramics, metallurgy, chemical applications (e.g. fixed beds and temperature/corrosion-resistant filters).    ADVANTAGE - The method may be used with smaller powder particles, i.e. with powder particles having size measured in microns. The concentrated clean heat source may be thermal radio frequency inductively coupled plasma since this heat source is very pure, avoiding any pollution of the materials to be melted/sintered. All kinds of plasma gases, even reactive gases, can be used, leading to possible controlled chemical reaction between the reactive plasma gases and the film to be formed. The final solid film may be of ultra purity. The rate of production may be as high as several tens of centimeters per minute. The resulting solid film is easily detachable, without any waste. The method allows a mass production of pure, cheap and good quality solid and porous films.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a continuous production line operating a method for producing a solid/porous film.    High-melting point support (12)    Suspension (13)    Dried porous uniform layer (14)    Concentrated heat source (15, 15')
NOVELTY - The system has a printhead assembly (100A) including a bottom plate including a front edge and a surface located adjacent to the front edge. A nozzle outlet structure includes another front edge defining an elongated groove extending in a predetermined flow direction. Extrusion material is formed through an extrusion nozzle (163A), such that material fills the extrusion nozzle as extrusion material flows in the flow direction and out of outlet orifice to form a cross-sectional shaped bead. The bead is essentially identical to the tapered cross-section of the extrusion nozzle.    USE - Micro-extrusion system for extruding a bead of extrusion material onto an upper surface of a target substrate, and for a solar cell i.e. electric device, that converts sunlight into electricity by inner photoelectric effect.    ADVANTAGE - The system forms extruded gridlines at low cost that is acceptable to the solar cell industry, and prints high aspect ratio grid-lines that decreases the effective shadowed surface area of the underlying substrate, and avoids the tipping problem of rectangular extruded gridlines. The nozzle has the tapered cross-section arranged on the lower surface of gridlines to be substantially wider than upper edge, thus minimizing the effective shadowed surface area under the gridline.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a layered nozzle structure comprising an elongated nozzle channel    (2) a method for extruding a bead of extrusion material onto an upper surface of a target substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view showing a portion of a micro- extrusion system including a micro-extrusion printhead assembly.    Mounting plate (76)    Supporting platform (82)    Printhead assembly (100A)    Plate structure (130)    Extrusion nozzle (163A)
NOVELTY - The method involves laminating diffusion prevention layer (13) and solar cell layer (20) on the lift-off layer formed over a glass substrate. A transparent film (16) is stuck on the solar cell layer through an adhesive layer (15). The glass substrate with the laminated structure is immersed in water. The lift-off layer is dissolved in water such that the laminated structure is peeled-off from the glass substrate. A polymer film (18) is stuck to the diffusion prevention layer through adhesive layer (17).    USE - Manufacturing method of non-commercial solar cell for use in solar-powered tent.    ADVANTAGE - The light-weighted and flexible solar cell having high conversion efficiency can be obtained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell.    Diffusion prevention layer (13)    Adhesive layers (15,17)    Transparent film (16)    Polymer film (18)    Solar cell layer (20)
NOVELTY - A gas barrier film (2) has a barrier layer containing an organic region and an inorganic region, formed on a substrate film. When the organic region is provided on one surface of the gas barrier film, the outermost layer on the side with the organic region of the gas barrier film is an adhesive layer (21), and when the organic region is provided on both surfaces of the gas barrier film, outermost layer(s) of the gas barrier film is an adhesive layer.    USE - Gas barrier film is used for sealing display device, such as organic electroluminescent device (claimed) used for liquid crystal display, and for solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The gas barrier film has excellent gas barrier property, and is capable of simplifying working process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of organic electroluminescent device.    Organic electroluminescent device (1)    Gas barrier film (2)    Substrate (11)    Display panel (12)    Adhesive layers (21,22)
NOVELTY - The pack has a solar photovoltaic plate (1) fixed at a top side of a fixing seat (2), and a sealed locating plate (5) placed between the solar photovoltaic plate and the fixing seat. A storage battery (3) and a circuit control element (4) are provided in a cavity of the fixing seat. The solar photovoltaic plate, storage battery and circuit control element are electrically connected in the cavity of the fixing seat. A rotatable support seat (6) is placed at a lower part of the fixing seat and fixedly connected with a support pole. A connecting sleeve is connected with the support pole.    USE - Integrative small-size solar battery pack. Uses include but are not limited to a lawn lamp, a yard lamp, an electronic mosquito-repelling lamp and a lighting for camping and field operation.    ADVANTAGE - The pack is simple structure, convenient and safe to use and inexpensive, and has better environmental protection function.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of an integrative small-size solar battery pack.    Solar photovoltaic plate (1)    Fixing seat (2)    Storage battery (3)    Circuit control element (4)    Sealed locating plate (5)    Rotatable support seat (6)
NOVELTY - A precipitation of a fullerene derivative from a solution containing fullerene derivative(s) dissolved in an organic solvent is prevented by coexisting the fullerene derivative, and a compound which has fullerene structure other than the fullerene derivative in the organic solvent.    USE - Precipitation prevention method of fullerene derivative used for n-type organic-semiconductor thin film for n-type organic semiconductor, functional thin film such as photoresist, thin film for nano imprinting, interlayer insulation film, organic solar cell, and photoconductive thin film.    ADVANTAGE - The precipitation of fullerene derivative crystals from fullerene derivative solution is prevented. The fullerene derivative solution has high concentration of fullerene derivative and excellent storage stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) preparation of fullerene derivative solution, which involves dissolved in fullerene derivative in organic solvent; and    (2) fullerene derivative solution containing fullerene derivative of formula (I and/or II), unsubstituted fullerene, and organic solvent.    R1,R2=alkyl, substituted alkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or alkoxy carbonyl.
NOVELTY - The method involves preparing a conductivity type silicon semiconductor wafer i.e. doped silicon semiconductor wafer with negative-type impurity, and forming an emitter layer (203) in an upside of a substrate (201) i.e. doped silicon semiconductor wafer with positive-type impurity. The emitter layer is diffused into a silicon surface of a semiconductor substrate. A dead layer is provided with nitric acid, hydrofluoric acid, acetic acid and water. The negative-type impurity in the dead layer is doped over solid solubility within a silicon semiconductor.    USE - Method for forming an emitter layer for a silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method selectively removes the dead layer at the top part after forming the emitter layer in the production of the silicon solar cell with the impurity spread progress, and reduces the recombination velocity of the carrier. The method increases the lifetime of the carrier and increases the open circuit voltage of the solar cell, thus improving the efficiency of the solar cell. The method prevents the optical absorption at the dead layer, and increases the carrier production through the optical absorption at the extrinsic domain. The method increases the short-circuit current of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a silicon solar cell.    Substrate (201)    Negative-type impurity oxide film (202)    Emitter layer (203)
NOVELTY - A microelectronic apparatus (100) comprises semiconductor substrate (102); transistor gates (106, 108, 112) formed upon semiconductor substrate; gate spacer dielectric (114) disposed between gates; and contact etch stop dielectric (116) disposed upon gates and gate spacer dielectric comprising silicon boron nitride (SiBN) to reduce breakdown of contact etch stop dielectric. The semiconductor substrate comprises glass, organics or polymer.    USE - Microelectronic apparatus for high voltage applications comprising electric fields greater than 4 MV/cm in memory, MOSFET, bipolar complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor, logic, thin film transistor LCD, solar cell, photonics, or high power devices (claimed). Can also be used for flash memory including NOR flash or NAND flash, or other memory including dynamic random access memory (RAM), phase change memory, RAM magnetoresistive, or ferroelectric RAM.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus provides lower hydrogen concentration and lower dielectric constant, thus increasing flash cell erase saturation reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing the microelectronic apparatus comprising forming transistor gates upon semiconductor substrate; depositing gate spacer dielectric between gates; and depositing contact etch stop dielectric onto gates and gate spacer dielectric.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a semiconductor device.    Microelectronic apparatus (100)    Semiconductor substrate (102)    Transistor gates (106, 108, 112)    Gate spacer dielectric (114)    Contact etch stop dielectric (116)
NOVELTY - An electrochemical method for cofactor regeneration, where electrons are directly transferred to a metal oxide electrode to oxidize the cofactor, or electrons are directly transferred from the metal oxide electrode to reduce the cofactor.    USE - The methods, biosensor, and fuel cell are useful for regenerating cofactor; and for oxidation-reduction (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The methods for cofactor regeneration are capable of simply regenerating a cofactor at low costs, and can be applied to various enzymatic reactions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are:    (1) an enzymatic method for oxidation-reduction comprising oxidizing or reducing a cofactor which has been regenerated by the electrochemical method for cofactor regeneration;    (2) an enzymatic biosensor comprising a cofactor which is regenerated by the electrochemical method for cofactor regeneration; and    (3) an enzymatic fuel cell comprising the cofactor which is regenerated by the electrochemical method for cofactor regeneration.
NOVELTY - A polymer is obtained by polymerizing 9,10-di((meth)acryloyl alkoxy) anthracene compound (1) in presence of radical polymerization initiator.    USE - Polymer for polymer composition (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to lens, filter, diffraction grating, reflector, sealing agent, resist, insulating material, electronic material, capacitor material, motor-vehicle material, dental material and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer has excellent heat resistance and refractive index. The polymer composition comprising polymer has excellent ultraviolet-ray absorptivity, hardness, glossiness and hydrophobicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer is obtained by polymerizing 9,10-di((meth)acryloyl alkoxy) anthracene compound of formula (1) in presence of radical polymerization initiator.    n=1-10;    R1=H or methyl;    R2=H, alkyl, aryl, alkoxy methyl, aryloxy methyl or allyloxy methyl;and    X,Y'=H, alkyl, alkoxy or halogen.    X occupies 5-8th positions in anthracene. Y'occupies 1-4th positions in anthracene.
NOVELTY - A polymer containing isothia naphthene structure (1), is new.    USE - Novel polymer containing isothia naphthene structure is used for charge transport material used for organic electronic device such as switching element, photoelectric transducer and solar cell (all claimed). Uses include but are not limited to light emitting element, liquid crystal display element, electroluminescent element, electrochromic element, transistor, field effect transistor, thyristor, photomultiplier tube, charge coupled device and rectifier.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer containing isothia naphthene structure is manufactured efficiently with excellent p-type semiconductor characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer containing isothia naphthene structure of formula (1), is new. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of polymer containing isothia naphthene structure (1).
NOVELTY - A masterbatch is formed by mixing an acid receiving agent and an ethylene-polarity monomer copolymer (100 mass parts). The acid receiving agent contains magnesium hydroxide. The obtained masterbatch (1-20 mass parts) is mixed with ethylene-polarity monomer copolymer and a crosslinking agent, to obtain a composition. The obtained composition is formed into a film. Thus, manufacture of sealing film is carried out.    USE - Manufacture of sealing film used for solar cell used for generating electric power.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides sealing film the excellent transparency, light transmittance and acid acceptance. The solar cell formed using the sealing film efficiently provides high electric power generation, and has excellent durability.
NOVELTY - A zinc oxide sputtering target is collected (S11). The collected sputtering target is ground (S12), to obtain comminuted powder. The obtained powder is dissolved (S13), to form zinc solution. The obtained solution is heat decomposed (S14), to form zinc oxide powder. The obtained zinc oxide powder is molded (S15), to obtain molded product. The molded product is sintered (S17), to obtain zinc oxide target.    USE - Manufacture of zinc oxide target used as electrode material for flat panel display and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method economically and simply provides zinc oxide target.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A zinc oxide sputtering target is collected. The collected sputtering target is ground, to obtain comminuted powder. The obtained powder is dissolved, to form zinc solution. The obtained solution is heat decomposed, to form zinc oxide powder. The obtained zinc oxide powder is molded, to obtain molded product. The molded product is sintered, to obtain zinc oxide target. The zinc oxide sputtering target is aluminum doped zinc oxide target and/or gallium doped zinc oxide target. The comminuted powder is dissolved using nitric acid solution or fuming nitric acid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flow chart illustrating manufacture of zinc oxide target. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Step for collecting zinc oxide sputtering target (S11)    Step for grinding (S12)    Step for dissolving the comminuted powder (S13)    Step for heat-decomposing (S14)    Step for molding zinc oxide powder (S15)    Step for sintering molded product (S17)
NOVELTY - Removing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and/or methane from an anode exhaust gas of a fuel cell with a mixed oxide catalyst comprising copper, manganese and optionally at least a rare earth metal, is claimed.    USE - The process is useful for removing carbon monoxide, hydrogen and/or methane from the anode exhaust gas of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The process provides an economical, active and long-term stable catalyst for a fuel cell system. The catalyst reduces the environmental emissions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system comprising an exhaust gas burner, which contains mixed oxide catalyst comprising copper, manganese and optionally at least a rare earth metal.
NOVELTY - The solar heat collecting box (1) is connected to hot water storage tank (2) which is connected to high temperature fermenting apparatus (3) through an electromagnetic valve (2-1). The high temperature fermenting apparatus is connected to middle temperature fermenting apparatus (4) through electromagnetic valve (2-2). The normal temperature fermenting apparatus (5) is connected to gas compressing apparatus (6) through a valve (1-3). A turbo charger cooler (9) and a cylinder sleeve cooler (10) are connected to a heat exchanger (12) through a valve (1-8).    USE - Combined cooling heating system for power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The energy generated by the power generation system can be utilized efficiently at reduced cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the combined cooling heating system. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Solar heat collecting box (1)    Valve (1-3,1-8)    Hot water storage tank (2)    Electromagnetic valve (2-1,2-2)    High temperature fermenting apparatus (3)    Middle temperature fermenting apparatus (4)    High temperature fermenting apparatus (5)    Turbo charge cooler (9)    Cylinder sleeve cooler (10)    Heat exchanger (12)
NOVELTY - A photoelectric transducer contains ketone-containing compound (1) as photoelectric conversion material.    USE - Photoelectric transducer is used for solar cell, electrophotographic photoreceptor, and photosensor (all claimed) used for digital camera, charge coupled device and complementary metal oxide semiconductor.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric transducer has high photoelectric conversion efficiency. The solar cell having photoelectric transducer has excellent durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A photoelectric transducer contains ketone-containing compound of formula (1) as photoelectric conversion material.    X=(un)substituted aromatic ring, substituent, alkyl, alkoxyl, aryl, halogen, nitro, and cyano;and    R1-R8=H, halogen, alkyl, aryl, nitro, cyano and aromatic residue.
NOVELTY - A battery panel comprises glass, a battery panel and a base membrane that are encapsulated integrally by using ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) rubber. The EVA rubber contains stabilizing agent that is tri-basic slurry.    USE - A battery panel for solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The panel uses EVA rubber which does not easily turn yellow and which has very low light absorption ratio, thus improving the output power of solar battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a battery panel.
NOVELTY - The solar array system has several geometric-shaped three-dimensional structures sloped relative to the surface of a substrate, that are arranged on the substrate. The three-dimensional structures are covered by a photovoltaic conversion layer.    USE - Solar array system.    ADVANTAGE - The light reflected by the three-dimensional structure is captured by the photovoltaic conversion layer. The energy capture efficiency is improved. Hence the charge generating area of the solar array system can be increased without increasing the footprint.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of manufacturing solar array system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the perspective view of the solar array system.
NOVELTY - The cell has silicon substrate (11) whose surfaces are formed with pyramid-like corrugation by performing anisotropic etching using aqueous solution. An N-type impurity layer (11a) is formed on front surface of substrate. A P-type impurity layer (11b) is formed by diffusing boron on back surface of substrate so that sheet resistance of layer (11b) is 8-50 Omega divide by square. A front surface electrode (33) and a back surface electrode (44) are formed after formation of anti-reflective film (22) on front and back surface of substrate respectively.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of warpage on back surface of silicon substrate by difference of thermal expansion coefficient between substrate and P-type layer is prevented. Hence the electric charge conversion efficiency of P-type impurity layer and manufacturing yield of solar cell can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating the manufacturing process of solar cell.    Silicon substrate (11)    N-type impurity layer (11a)    P-type impurity layer (11b)    Anti-reflective film (22)    Front surface electrode (33)    Back surface electrode (44)
NOVELTY - A high purity silicon is manufactured by melting silicon containing impurity, and solid that contains calcium carbonate and/or calcium oxide as additive for impurity removal by heating; separating melt solution of silicon and additive into two layers which are upper layer and lower layer; and blowing in gas that contains hydrogen gas in upper layer and/or lower layer of melt solution to remove impurity in silicon. The impurity in silicon is removed by spraying gas that contains hydrogen gas preferably in upper surface of melt solution upper layer.    USE - Manufacture of high purity silicon used as raw material for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method is simple, and can effectively and simultaneously remove impurities such as boron and phosphorus in silicon at one process without requiring high-vacuum atmosphere and at reduced cost.
NOVELTY - The solar cell (30A) has cell stack (33) comprising silicon cell (36), gallium indium arsenide phosphide cell (37) and gallium indium arsenide cell (38), arranged vertically in predetermined order. The cell stack is positioned so that the component of light (42) with photons of specific energy impinges upon the surface of silicon cell. The cells absorb light with photons of energy greater than or equal to their energy gap and transmit light with photons of energy lesser than their energy gap.    USE - Hybrid solar cell for use in mobile and stationary applications.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method for converting solar light into electrical power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the hybrid solar cell.    Solar cell (30A)    Cell stack (33)    Silicon cell (36)    Gallium indium arsenide phosphide cell (37)    Gallium indium arsenide cell (38)    Light (42)
NOVELTY - A fuel chamber has a primary and secondary containment tanks separated by interstitial spaces. An enclosure (14) has exterior and interior enclosure walls that cooperate to form secondary containment tank such that primary containment tank is arranged between exterior and interior walls. Sealable ports are provided for permitting passage of fuel across exterior enclosure walls and cells of primary tank. An energy generating device (12) such as turbine engine enclosed by interior walls is configured to generate an energy output with fuel received from cells.    USE - Energy generating module for industrial, construction, mining, oil and gas exploration, and commercial applications. Can also be used for marine application.    ADVANTAGE - The size of the energy generating module can be minimized to maximize the size of fuel tank in order to reduce costly refueling.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the energy generating module.    Energy generating module (10)    Energy generating device (12)    Enclosure (14)    Doorway (42)    Door (44)
NOVELTY - A solid acid contains 20-99.9 mass% of aluminum oxide and 0.1-3 mass% of sulfur. The aluminum oxide has specific surface area of 150 m2/g or more and core volume of 0.35 ml/g or more. The ratio of peak height of a peak (1450 plus minus 5 cm-1) obtained from Lewis acid site, and peak height of a peak (1540 plus minus 5 cm-1) obtained from Bronsted acid site is 0.12 or less, measured by pyridine adsorption Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic analysis.    USE - Solid acid is used as desulfurization agent for desulfurizing hydrocarbon oil such as kerosene and light oil used for fuel cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solid acid has excellent physical properties, and is economical.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the solid acid, which involves impregnating sulfuric acid aqueous solution into aluminum oxide having specific surface area of 200 m2/g or more, and baking resultant mixture at 500-980 degrees C.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has N-type emitter layer (202) doped with low impurity concentration, and formed on top of A-doped P-type silicon substrate (201). A back contact electrode (206) is formed and connected on the back surface of the silicon substrate. A micro silicon crystal layer (203) is formed on the emitter layer. A reflection barrier layer (204) is formed on the micro silicon crystal layer. A front electrode (205) is formed on the reflection barrier layer. The micro silicon crystal layer is doped with N-type impurity with high concentration.    USE - Silicon solar cell for use as alternative energy source.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a silicon solar cell that ensures improved contact quality between the front electrode and emitter layer, and low impurity doping concentration on the surface of the silicon solar cell. Ensures improved reproduction and stability in manufacturing the silicon solar cell since variably selective wet etching can be used during the silicon solar cell manufacture. Ensures improved conversion efficiency of the solar cell due to prevented degradation in the contact quality between the emitter layer and front electrode. Ensures simplified manufacture process and reduced manufacturing cost in making the silicon solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the silicon solar cell manufacture method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the silicon solar cell.    Silicon substrate (201)    Emitter layer (202)    Micro silicon crystal layer (203)    Reflection barrier layer (204)    Front electrode (205)    Back contact electrode (206)
NOVELTY - Getter paste composition (I) comprises: a glass frit (3) having phosphorus pentoxide (10-25 mole%), vanadium pentoxide (40-50 mole%), zinc oxide (10-20 mole%), barium oxide (1-15 mole%), antimony trioxide (1-10 mole%), ferric oxide (1-10 (preferably 0.1-5) mole%), boron oxide (0.1-5 mole%), bismuth oxide (1-10 mole%) and titanium dioxide (0.1-5 mole%); a getter powder; an organic binder; and an organic solvent.    USE - (I) is useful for manufacturing a electronic device including OLED device, a dye-sensitized solar cell or an light emitting diode (all claimed), a sensor and other optical devices.    ADVANTAGE - (I) is quickly densified at low densification temperatures to be applied to a device that is weak to heat, provides good adhesiveness, controls moisture and gas effectively and is screen-printable thus improves productivity. (I) can be easily manufactured as paste and can be made impurities inactive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of manufacturing an electronic device using a getter (2), where the getter comprises (I); and    (2) an electronic device which is manufactured by the method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows an organic light emitting diode device.    Lower glass (1)    Getter (2)    Glass frit (3)    Upper glass substrate (4)    Anode. (5)
NOVELTY - Metal-organic scaffolding compound based on a tetrahedrally coordinated cobalt (Co2+) ions, is new, where the scaffold is formed with nitrogen containing heterocyclic linear bidentate ligand.    USE - The scaffolding compound is useful as redox- and catalyst-material, as gas-holder (preferably for storing hydrogen and methane), for miniaturized fuel cell, and as gas sensors and separating media (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The scaffolding compound is porous and crystalline.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the preparation of the metal-organic scaffolding compound.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic representation of the structure of metal-organic scaffolding compound of formula (Co4O(1,4-bis-4'-(3',5'-dimethyl)-pyrazolylbenzene)3).
NOVELTY - A heterojunction device comprises inorganic semiconductor material, first conductive type layer formed on transparent electrode (20), second conductive type layer formed on other electrode, and alternate heterojunction layer (5) containing first conductive type lamella layer and second conductive type lamella layer. The first and second lamella layers are joined and the joint surface (J1,J2,J3) has perpendicular direction component to each main surface of first and second layer.    USE - Heterojunction device used as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The device has high light energy utilization efficiency, and the efficiency of carrier process and of exciton process can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional of the solar cell (heterojunction device). (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Alternate heterojunction layer (5)    Transparent electrode (20)    Heterojunction part (100)    Solar cell (200)    Joint surface (J1,J2,J3)
NOVELTY - A metal complex dye (1), is new.    USE - New metal complex dye is used for dye sensitizing metal oxide semiconductor electrode for dye-sensitized solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The metal complex dye has excellent sensitivity in light of long wavelength region. The dye-sensitized solar cell formed using the metal complex dye has excellent conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal complex dye of formula: (ML1L2Xn)(power)(e) (1), is new.    M=element of group (8-10) in periodic table;    X=monodentate ligand or monovalent atom group;    n=2-m;    e=m-1;    m=0 or 1;    L1=ligand of formula (2);    L2=ligand of formula (3);    A1-A3=carboxy group, sulfone group, phosphoric acid group or their salt;    R1-R3=substituent;    m1-m3,n1-n3=0-3;    m1+n1,m3+n3= less than or equal to 4;    m2+n2= less than or equal to 3;    Z1=atomic group which forms aromatic ring;and    Z2=atomic group which forms nitrogen-aromatic ring.
NOVELTY - A water supply unit supplies natural water through natural water supply pipe (41) and pure water supply pipe (11) extends in fuel cell power generator (6) from ion exchange resin container (3). When a pressure relief valve (5) is provided in middle of pressure relief pipe (12) and when pressure inside container exceeds regulation value, the pressure relief valve is opened. A water gauge (20) detects water flown into pressure relief pipe and controller (42) stops water supply operation of pump (2) based on detection of water flown into pressure relief pipe.    USE - Fuel cell electric power generation system.    ADVANTAGE - The over pressure rise of the pure water supply apparatus is suppressed by a simplified structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell electric power generation system. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Pump (2)    Ion exchange resin container (3)    Pressure relief valve (5)    Fuel cell power generator (6)    Pure water supply pipe (11)    Pressure relief pipe (12)    Water gauge (20)    Natural water supply pipe (41)    Controller (42)
NOVELTY - The cell has a reciprocal effect layer (3) made of glass ceramic, and a part of incident photons (hv) subjected to a reciprocal effect by emission of photons of higher or lower photon energy than the incident photons in the effect layer. The effect layer has a matrix structure e.g. glass matrix and plastic matrix, in which local limiting areas are provided with an optical active material e.g. nano-phosphorus and organic material, where the active material exhibits structure and size of a crystalline nanoparticle. The incident photons come into the reciprocal effect in the effect layer.    USE - Solar cell for use in a solar cell arrangement for directly converting energy of sunlight into electrical energy, which is supplied to a technical device in a clothing piece. Uses include but are not limited to environment sensor, monitoring unit, communication device and augmented reality device.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is manufactured according to industrial standards in a cost-effective manner. The design of the solar cell improves efficiency of the solar cell, and improves technical application possibilities of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a strong schematic arrangement of solar cells with a photovoltaic layer region.    Incident photons (hv)    Photovoltaic layer region (1)    Electrodes (2)    Reciprocal effect layers (3, 4)    Reflector layer (5)
NOVELTY - A switch (7) switches the supply of electric power with respect to light emitting element (4) from external power supply (1) to a rechargeable battery (3), when a power failure is detected by a detecting unit (5). The switch switches the supply of electric power from rechargeable battery to a fuel cell (2) when the power failure is continued even after a predetermined time.    USE - Emergency lamp apparatus for use in illuminating room during power failure.    ADVANTAGE - A favorable emergency lamp apparatus is realized without the repetition of start and stop of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the emergency lamp apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    External power supply (1)    Fuel cell (2)    Rechargeable battery (3)    Light emitting element (4)    Power failure detecting unit (5)    Switch (7)
NOVELTY - The vacuum processing apparatus (1) has main and secondary power supply units that supply high frequency electric powers with same frequency. The secondary power supply unit provides phase difference to the frequency of secondary electric power with respect to the phase of frequency of main electric power. The phase difference changed in time with respect to phase of frequency of main high frequency electric power is modulated. The amplitude of the modulation is greater than one quarter of wavelength of high frequency electric powers.    USE - Vacuum processing apparatus for use in manufacturing process of thin film such as amorphous silicon film, fine-crystal silicon film, silicon-nitride film used in photoelectric conversion apparatus such as amorphous-silicon solar cell, fine crystal-silicon solar cell, silicon-germanium solar cell and LCD.    ADVANTAGE - The power transmission loss in high frequency power transmission path can be greatly reduced, since the amplitude of modulation of phase difference is greater than one quarter wavelength of high frequency electric power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacturing method of thin film; and    (2) manufacturing method of photoelectric conversion apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural view of the vacuum processing apparatus.    Vacuum processing apparatus (1)    Counter electrode (2)    Discharge electrode (3)    High frequency electric power feeding transmission lines (12a,12b,14a,14b)    Adjustment device (13a,13b)
NOVELTY - The plasma generator has a plasma torch (11) comprising a cylindrical dielectric material (22) that is arranged between a cylindrical outer electrode (21) and an inner electrode (23). An air supply unit supplies air between the electrodes. A power supply unit applies voltage between the electrodes so that a barrier discharge is generated between the electrodes to plasmify the air.    USE - Plasma generator for fuel cell electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The pulse discharge is maintained between the electrodes. The heating of electrodes can be prevented and the temperature of plasma can be reduced. The need for cooling structure can be eliminated and the size of plasma generator can be reduced. By arranging the dielectric material between electrodes, the wear and tear of electrodes can be prevented. By plasmifying the air, ozone, oxynitride, high reactivity radical, etc., can be generated. Hence the ignition and combustion can be accelerated and the power consumption can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Several slits (21a) are formed in the thickness direction along the center axis of the outer electrode. The dielectric material of the plasma torch is protruded in the plasma ejection direction. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for plasma generation method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the plasma generator and side view of the electrode of plasma generator.    Plasma torch (11)    Outer electrode (21)    Slit (21a)    Dielectric material (22)    Inner electrode (23)
NOVELTY - The cell has a membrane electrolyte assembly (1) provided with a gas diffusion layer (2), where reaction gases are led to the layer via channels (4) of a gas distribution structure. The layer made of fibroid material e.g. graphite fabric, exhibits local anisotropic diffusion characteristics for water vapor and/or gases. The characteristics are caused by alignment of a fiber arrangement parallel to the channels and/or bars (5) of the structure. Different diffusion rates are effected by hydrophilic additive e.g. polyvinyl alcohol, of material e.g. polyphenylsulfone, of an area (3).    USE - Fuel cell for use in a vehicle for traction purposes.    ADVANTAGE - The gas diffusion layer made of fibroid material has the local anisotropic diffusion characteristics for the water vapor and/or the reaction gases, where the characteristics are caused by alignment of the fiber arrangement parallel to the channels and/or the bars of the gas distribution structure, thus enabling influencing of cross-diffusion over the gas diffusion layer between the channels, and hence achieving regulation of water balance and/or balance of distribution of the reaction gases in the fuel cell. The regulation of the water balance and balance of distribution of the reaction gases improves performance and stabilization of the fuel cell for increasing service life of the fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of different layers and structures of reaction regions of a fuel cell.    Membrane electrolyte assembly (1)    Gas diffusion layer (2)    Area (3)    Channels (4)    Bars (5)
NOVELTY - The solar cell kit has a macromolecular film (6) that surrounds an edge of a platinum layer (4) and an oxide layer, and an electrolyte (5) injected between a working electrode and a counter electrode. A nanocrystalline oxide layer (3) and the platinum layer are formed inside a conductive glass plate (2), and a dye is absorbed by the conductive glass plate. A magnet (1) is positioned in a front side surface of a dye-sensitized solar cell, where the magnet adheres the counter electrode with the working electrode.    USE - Education dye-sensitized solar cell kit.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell kit is inexpensive, has simple hermetic sealing capability, and closely adheres the counter electrode and the working electrode by utilizing the magnet such that need for accommodating an electric heating appliance such as electric oven or iron, in the kit is avoided.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an education dye-sensitized solar cell kit.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Magnet (1)    Conductive glass plate (2)    Nanocrystalline oxide layer (3)    Platinum layer (4)    Electrolyte (5)    Macromolecular film (6)
NOVELTY - A collection method of fuel cost of fuel cell (1) involves supplying fuel of fuel cell and compensating purchasing unit price of surplus electric power.    USE - Collection method of fuel cost of fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Accelerates introduction and propagation of fuel cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a levy method of the maintenance cost of fuel cell; and    (2) a fuel toll collection system of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram of the fuel toll collection system of fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Fuel cell (1)    Inverter (2)    Storage tank (3)    Gas supplying pipeline (10)    Electric power supply wiring (20)
NOVELTY - The system has a sandwiching section sandwiching an electrolyte electrode assembly. The sandwiching section has a fuel gas channel supplying fuel gas along an electrode surface of an anode. A bridge is connected to the sandwiching section. A manifold is connected to the bridge. A heating mechanism e.g. electric heater (114), heats the oxygen-containing gas supplied to a fuel cell stack (12). A heating medium supply channel (116) distributes the heated oxygen-containing gas to an oxygen-containing gas channel and a fuel gas channel via a circumferential portion of the assembly.    USE - Fuel cell system for a vehicle to perform stationary and mobile applications.    ADVANTAGE - The system rapidly raises temperature of fuel cell stack to a certain temperature such that power can be generated. The heating medium supply channel distributes heated oxygen-containing gas to the oxygen-containing gas channel and fuel gas channel through the circumferential portion of the assembly, thus providing the fuel cell system with a simple and compact structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of starting operation of a fuel cell system comprising a fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial cross sectional view of a fuel cell system including fuel cells.    Fuel cell system (10)    Fuel cell stack (12)    Reformer (16)    Electric heater (114)    Heating medium supply channel (116)
NOVELTY - The cell (2) has a photoelectric conversion layer (23) formed with a set of grooves (211). An electrode layer (22) is formed with a set of grooves (221) extending downward adequately into the photoelectric conversion layer. An isolation groove (25) is positioned around the electrode layer out of projections of unit cell (212), and extended downward to remove the electrode layer. An outer groove (213) is formed at an electrode layer (21) and extended downward to a substrate (24), and is located inside of the isolation groove.    USE - Thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode layer comprises the outer groove extended downward to the substrate and formed inside of the isolation groove, which may cut off pathways of electrical currents and block off flows of electrical currents, thus preventing short-circuiting from occurring.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of a a thin film solar cell.    Thin film solar cell (2)    Electrode layers (21, 22)    Photoelectric conversion layer (23)    Substrate (24)    Isolation groove (25)    Grooves (211, 221)    Unit cell (212)    Outer groove (213)
NOVELTY - A zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film comprises zinc oxide crystal grain deposited on a substrate. The film has open pore which are continuously connected, and surface of particle deposition film is covered by multiple needle component grains. The film has needle grains which grew from particles center. The longitudinal direction of needle crystals is c-axial direction. The X-ray diffraction pattern of zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film is represented in figure (3).    USE - Zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film is used for manufacturing zinc oxide particles combined film for manufacturing zinc oxide particles combined self-supporting film for zinc oxide film components such as fluorescent substance, molecule sensor, gas sensor, dye-sensitized solar cell, filter and catalyst (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film provides self-supporting film permeating gas and solution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film, which involves using reaction system containing zinc-containing solution having zinc oxide precipitate, settling and depositing zinc oxide particles on substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph illustrating the X-ray diffraction pattern of zinc oxide crystal grain deposition film.
NOVELTY - A nanocrystal-metal oxide composite contains nanocrystals and a metal oxide. The metal oxide is bound to nanocrystal. The metal oxide has organic groups.    USE - Nanocrystal-metal oxide composite is used for formation of nanocrystal-metal oxide monolith by solidifying composite, and light emitting diode device (both claimed), solar cell, sensor and memory device.    ADVANTAGE - The nanocrystal-metal oxide composite has excellent stability with respect to mechanical stress and processability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of nanocrystal-metal oxide composite, which involves modifying surface of nanocrystals using surfactant, forming surface modified nanocrystals and mixing with metal oxide precursor, solvent and water, and forming sol-gel of nanocrystal metal oxide composite. The surfactant is reactive with metal oxide precursor.
NOVELTY - A film contains polyethylene-2,6-napthalene dicarboxylate, and has thickness of 1-38 mu m, plane-orientation coefficient of 0.240-0.255 and rupture strength of 250-280 Mpa.    USE - Film is used for back surface protective film of solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell back surface protective film has excellent workability, strength and durability.
NOVELTY - The integration tandem type thin film solar cell module (1) has intermediate layers (5) that contain aluminum oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide tin, or titanium oxide. A gap (10) is formed between the intermediate layers and connection channel (11). The gap is embedded with a crystalline silicon system film that constitutes thin film photoelectric conversion unit (6). An end surface of gap and one side (11a) of connection channel share the same interface. The connection channel has an opening in interface of thin film photoelectric conversion unit and rear surface electrode layer (7).    USE - Integration tandem type thin film solar cell module for film silicon solar battery industry.    ADVANTAGE - Provides an integration tandem type film silicon solar battery which has improved electric power generation efficiency, and suppresses invalid area increase by electrical junctions of adjacent tandem type thin film photovoltaic cell, thus reducing product cost and improving productivity in film silicon solar battery industry.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing integration tandem type thin film solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a structural cross-sectional view of the module of integration tandem type film silicon solar battery.    Integration tandem type thin film solar cell module (1)    Intermediate layers (5)    Thin film photoelectric conversion unit (6)    Rear surface electrode layer (7)    Gap (10)    Connection channel (11)    Connection channel side (11a)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic cell comprises silicon wafer bearing a back contact having passivation layer partially coated with a fired back side paste. Prior to firing, the paste comprises aluminum and glass component.    USE - Photovoltaic cell for solar cell used in MCS (Not defined) heaters, LED lighting, thick film hybrids, fuel cell systems, and automotive electronics (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cell makes use of composition that optimizes interaction, bonding, and contact formation between back contact components. It uses a low-bow, high-performance aluminum paste that forms good back surface field (BSF) (40) layer in a solar cell contact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of making the photovoltaic cell comprising:    (A) providing silicon wafer having first and second sides;    (B) applying phosphorus source to the first side of the wafer;    (C) firing the wafer to form a phosphorus glass layer on the first side of the wafer;    (D) removing a portion of the phosphorus glass layer from the first side of the wafer;    (E) polishing the second side of the wafer;    (F) applying a passivating layer to the first and second sides of the wafer;    (G) applying to the first side a silver paste comprising, prior to firing, silver, glass component, and vehicle;    (H) applying to the second side an aluminum paste comprising, prior to firing, aluminum, glass component, and vehicle; and    (I) firing the wafer for a time and temperature to adhere the silver to the front side and the aluminum to the back side, thus forming front and back contacts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic view showing a fabrication step of a semiconductor device.    Substrate (10)    Diffusion layer (20)    BSF (40)    Back electrode (61)    Gap (80)
NOVELTY - The device (1) has multiple polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (2-5) including a gas compartment (20) for hydrogen (H2) with a reactant and another gas compartment for oxygen with another reactant. An ion-permeable electrolyte is arranged between the gas compartments. The fuel cells are connected with each other by line connections (6) such that the hydrogen is successively passed through the fuel cells. A detector (13) is arranged in a water separator (7) of the line connections, where the detector comprises a gas sensor (21).    USE - Fuel cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The utilization of the gas sensor permits automatic detection of oxygen in hydrogen in a monitoring device with high sensitivity, thus avoiding gas leakage of a membrane of the fuel cells and avoiding damage to the ion-permeable electrolyte, and hence automatically avoiding damage of the fuel cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a fuel cell device with a gas sensor in a water separator.    Hydrogen (H2)    Fuel cell device (1)    Polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (2-5)    Line connection (6)    Water separator (7)    Detector (13)    Gas compartment (20)    Gas sensor (21)
NOVELTY - Polyester film for protective film of back surfaces of solar cells, comprises polyester film, and resin film made of a resin with carbon content of 55-65%.    USE - Polyester film for protective film of back surfaces of solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - Has outstanding mechanical capability, heat resistance, and moisture resistance, and has tracking resistance.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module has several photovoltaic cell (6) electrically connected to a bus-bar (7) through an interconnector (5).A transparent silicone resin (3) is formed on silicone resin (2) for covering the upper and lower surface of photovoltaic cells. A flexible plastic laminate board (4) is formed on the transparent silicone resin.    USE - Solar cell module for satellite. Can also be used in photoelectric conversion apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The reduction of light receiving area and photoelectric characteristics of the solar cell module is prevented by covering the solar cell module with transparent silicone resin. The generation of wrinkles in the plastic laminate board is prevented.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the top view and the cross-sectional view of the solar cell module.    Silicone resin (2)    Transparent silicone resin (3)    Flexible plastic laminate board (4)    Interconnector (5)    Photovoltaic cell (6)    Bus-bar (7)
NOVELTY - A raw material liquid is coated on a substrate and heated, to obtain metal oxide thin film as nucleus. Then, zinc oxide precursor solution is coated on the nucleus and heated, to obtain zinc oxide thin film having c-axis orientation.    USE - Manufacture of zinc oxide thin film used as catalyst, modulated-light material, electromagnetic wave absorbing material, ultraviolet absorber, protective film and electroconductive film for solar cell, gas sensor and light emitting element (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently and economically provides zinc oxide thin film with excellent quality and productivity.
NOVELTY - A back surface protection sheet (1) has weather resistance base material (2) and foaming weather resistance base material (3) laminated sequentially on coloring weather resistance base material (4). The weather resistance base material has vapor deposition layer (6) containing inorganic oxide formed on surface(s) of barrier layer (5) containing polyethylene naphthalate. The foaming base material which foams resin, and coloring base material formed by coloring the resin contains white polyethylene terephthalate. The sheet further has easily adhesive coat layer (7).    USE - Back surface protection sheet is used for solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The back surface protection sheet is economical, and has excellent weather resistance and durability.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of back surface protection sheet.    Back surface protection sheet (1)    Weather resistance base material (2)    Foaming weather resistance base material (3)    Coloring weather resistance base material (4)    Barrier layer (5)    Vapor deposition layer (6)    Easily adhesive coat layer (7)
NOVELTY - The method for cleaning polysilicon, comprises pre-cleaning the polysilicon with oxidized cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acids, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hexafluorosilicic acid and hydrogen peroxide, head cleaning the pre-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hexafluorosilicic acid, post-cleaning the head-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acids and ozone, and hydrophilizing the post-cleaned polysilicon with an oxidized cleaning solution.    USE - Method for cleaning polysilicon for the production of solar cells or electronic components such as memory elements or microprocessors.    ADVANTAGE - The method ensures economical cleaning of polysilicon with high purity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for cleaning polysilicon, comprises pre-cleaning the polysilicon with oxidized cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acids, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, hexafluorosilicic acid and hydrogen peroxide, head cleaning the pre-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hexafluorosilicic acid, post-cleaning the head-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acids and ozone, and hydrophilizing the post-cleaned polysilicon with an oxidized cleaning solution. The cleaning solution used in the post-cleaning consists of a hydrofluoric acid content of 0.1-60 wt.% and ozone content of 0.1 ppm. A mixture of hydrochloric acid and hydrogen peroxide and/or gaseous ozone or ozone containing solution is used for the hydrophilization. The ozone gas is produced during the hydrophilization through ultraviolet irradiation. The pre-cleaning is carried out by a solution of hydrogen fluoride/hydrochloric acid/hydrogen peroxide or hydrogen fluoride/nitric acid/fluorosilicic acid.
NOVELTY - A metallic solution is formed using copper acetate and indium acetate as organic precursor (S10). The metallic solution is coated on upper surface of a substrate (S20), formed thin film on the substrate (S30), substrate is dried (S40), and subjected to sulfuration process using sulfur powder (S50), to obtain copper indium disulfide absorption layer.    USE - Manufacture of copper indium disulfide absorption layer (claimed) for solar cell and photoelectric cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method simply and economically provides copper indium disulfide absorption layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metallic solution is formed using copper acetate and indium acetate as organic precursor. The metallic solution is coated on upper surface of a substrate, formed thin film on the substrate, substrate is dried, and subjected to sulfuration process using sulfur powder, to obtain copper indium disulfide (CuInS2) absorption layer. The metallic solution is formed by mixing copper acetate and indium acetate solutions. The copper acetate solution is formed by dissolving copper acetate in 2-propanol, mixing with diethanolamine and ethylene glycol. The indium acetate solution is formed by dissolving indium acetate in 1-propanol and mixing with diethanolamine.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows flowchart illustrating manufacture of copper indium disulfide absorption layer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Step for forming metallic solution (S10)    Step for coating metallic solution on substrate (S20)    Step for forming thin film (S30)    Step for drying (S40)    Step for sulfuration process (S50)
NOVELTY - A polymer composition contains a polymer containing substituted fluorene-containing structural unit (1), substituted bithiophenyl-containing structural unit (2), and 70C or more fullerene or 70C or more fullerene derivative.    USE - Polymer composition is used for organic layer of organic photoelectric transducer (claimed) used for solar cell and photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer composition provides organic photoelectric transducer with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer composition contains a polymer containing substituted fluorene-containing structural unit of formula (1), substituted bithiophenyl-containing structural unit of formula (2), and 70C or more fullerene or 70C or more fullerene derivative.    Q,R,R1,R2=H, fluorine, 1-20C alkyl, 6-60C aryl or 1-20C alkoxy or substituent.    One portion or all the portions of hydrogen of 1-20C alkyl, 6-60C aryl and 1-20C alkoxy are optionally substituted by fluorine. R1 and R2 optionally combine to form a ring. Two or more Q and R may be same or different.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of organic photoelectric transducer.    Substrate (1)    Organic layer (2)    Electrodes (3a,3b)    Organic photoelectric transducer (10)
NOVELTY - A gold-palladium electrocatalyst contains complex catalyst in which gold and palladium are dipped in carbon support in ratio of 3:1 or 1:3. The amount of gold and palladium is 1-20 wt.%. Thiourea is used as fuel additive in direct borohydride fuel cell.    USE - Gold-palladium electrocatalyst for direct borohydride fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The direct borohydride fuel cell comprising gold-palladium electrocatalyst has high performance and improved fuel utilization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of gold-palladium electrocatalyst using sodium hydroxide and sodium boron hydride.
NOVELTY - A passivation layer (203) is formed by arranging a p-type silicon substrate (201) in a furnace, and forming an oxide film on the surface of silicon substrate by injecting oxygen gas and hydrogen gas into the furnace, maintaining a temperature of 850-950 degrees C and a pressure of 1-50 Torr.    USE - Formation of passivation layer during manufacture of solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method forms passivation layers having excellent membranous property and provides solar cells having improved quantum efficiency, by using a low-temperature process. There are no impurities within the oxide film, and interfacial property of oxide film and substrate is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the manufacturing method of solar cells.    P-type silicon substrate (201)    Emitter layer (202)    Passivation layer (203)
NOVELTY - The method involves coating a sealing agent paste which uniformly scatters the spheres (14a) of a preset diameter in a plastic paste ,to a transparent light-receiving board (11) and a opposition board (15) in height more than the diameter of the spheres. A sealing portion (14) is formed by hardening the plastic paste, after pressing the opposition board on the light-receiving board relatively and connecting the sphere to both sides of the boards.    USE - Manufacturing method of die-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The inter electrode distance of preset value is ensured simply and easily, hence the manufacturing cost is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for die-sensitized solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view explaining the manufacturing method of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Transparent light-receiving board (11)    Transparent electrode film (12)    Sealing portion (14)    Spheres (14a)    Opposition board (15)
NOVELTY - An modified polymer blend electrolyte is obtained by adding mixture of polyethenoxy ether and polyvinylidene fluoride (1-10 weight%) in solvent (76-94 weight%) containing propylene carbonate/glycol dimethyl ether, stirring with additive having hydroxyl group (3.1-15 weight%), forming homogenous solution, adding inorganic nano-titanium oxide particles (0.3-1 weight%), forming uniform emulsion, adding lithium iodide/inorganic iodine compound (0.3-0.6 weight%), and dissolving inorganic compound.    USE - Modified polymer blend electrolyte is used for dye sensitive solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The modified polymer blend electrolyte has excellent stability, and provides solar cell having excellent durability and conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of modified polymer blend electrolyte; and    (2) application of modified polymer blend electrolyte.
NOVELTY - The catalyst system has physical mixtures of catalyst.    USE - Catalyst system for use with gold supported on zinc oxide or with another noble metal supported on the oxide, for use in the reaction of oxidation of carbon monoxide, particularly for application in fuel cells of proton exchange membrane type.
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a P- type wafer (508) including a front side and a back side such that the front side of wafer is exposed to the solar radiation, so to produce an electric current. A fused group IV nanoparticle thin film emitter (526) having N+ type dopant is deposited on the front-side of the wafer. An emitter metal electrode (502) is deposited on the nanoparticle thin film and base metal electrode (512) is deposited on the back side of the wafer.    USE - Solar cell e.g. particle homogenous emitter solar cell, particle selective emitter solar cell, particle point junction solar cell and back-side electrode point contact solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The lack of ability of simultaneous patterning of p-type and n-type doping can be prevented effectively, so that highly efficient solar cell can be produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the particle homogeneous emitter solar cell.    Emitter metal electrode (502)    P type wafer (508)    Base metal electrode (512)    P type particle back surface field (520)    Fused group four nanoparticle thin film emitter (526)
NOVELTY - The higher non-spherical solar energy collector element is integrally molded out of higher non-spherical primary mirror (1), higher non-spherical secondary mirror (2) and light guide prism (3). The design formula of the higher non-spherical primary mirror is comprised by the height of incident ray on non-spherical lens, the point curvature radius of the non-spherical surface, the standard spherical radius, the non-spherical coefficients and the quadratic curve coefficient with respect to higher non-spherical primary mirror.    USE - Higher non-spherical solar energy collector element molded by hot pressing optical glass used for solar energy generating, lightening and photovoltaic system.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a higher non-spherical solar energy collector element molded by hot pressing optical glass with simple structure, reliable performance, high focus precision, simple processing technique, low cost and long service life while improving the optical energy density of sunlight and greatly reducing photovoltaic cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of higher non-spherical solar energy collector element molded by hot pressing optical glass.    Higher non-spherical primary mirror (1)    Higher non-spherical secondary mirror (2)    Light guide prism (3)
NOVELTY - The structure has an electrode installed on a dielectric layer. Another dielectric layer is provided on the electrode. A conducting member is penetrated through the latter dielectric layer and electrically connected with the electrode. The conducting member includes a lower member and an upper member. A phase change material layer is installed on the latter dielectric layer, and is electrically connected with the conducting member. Another electrode is installed on the phase change material layer. A catalytic layer is installed between the former electrode and the conducting member.    USE - Phase change storage cell structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a phase change storage cell structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of a phase change storage cell structure.
NOVELTY - A carbon fiber cloth has a mesh weight of 80-170 g/m2, a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, a density of 0.362-400 g/cc, a carbon content of 99.5%, an interlayer shearing force of 5 MPa, a tensile strength of 192.5, and a tensile modulus of 26.6 Mn/cm2. The carbon fiber cloth is obtained by pre-oxidizing, weaving, heat-treating and carbonizing polyacrylonitrile fibers.    USE - Carbon fiber cloth is used for gas-diffusion layers of fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The carbon fiber cloth has excellent strength and surface smoothness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Carbon fiber cloth used for gas-diffusion layer of fuel cell, has a mesh weight of 80-170 g/m2, a thickness of 0.2-0.3 mm, a density of 0.362-400 g/cc, a carbon content of 99.5%, an interlayer shearing force of 5 MPa, a tensile strength of 192.5, and a tensile modulus of 26.6 Mn/cm2. Polyacrylonitrile fibers are pre-oxidized in a furnace at 300 degrees C. After being curved, the pre-oxidized fibers are cut into threads to prepare top yarns which are woven into yarns. The yarns are woven into pre-oxidized fiber cloth with interlaced longitudinal yarns and transverse yarns of thickness 0.4-0.6 mm. The longitudinal yarns consist of double yarns of thickness 0.445-0.45 mm and density of 15.7-17.7 per cm, and the transverse yarns consist of double yarns of thickness 0.445-0.45 mm and a density of 15.4 per cm. The pre-oxidized fiber cloth is heat-treated by cooking, carbonized in a carbide furnace at 500 degrees C, again carbonized at 1000 degrees C, and finally carbonized at 1500 degrees C to obtain the carbon fiber cloth.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the carbon fiber cloth.
NOVELTY - The material has an alloy prefabricated layer made of alloy of copper, silicon and tin. The alloy prefabricated layer is deposited on a substrate by a magnetic control sputtering process. The alloy prefabricated layer is placed into a vacuum room of solid source sulfur treatment. Argon or nitrogen is passed in as a carrier gas for protecting the gas and sulfur vapor. The sulfur atom makes a combination reaction with the metallic atom in the prefabricated layer and a component with copper, silicon, tin and sulfur in specific combinations is obtained.    USE - Solar battery light absorption layer material.    ADVANTAGE - The material enables the solar battery development without environmental pollution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar battery light absorption layer material preparation method.
NOVELTY - The cell has an electrode substrate including another substrate with a concave-convex surface and an electrode layer set on the concave-convex surface, where the later substrate is a steel substrate, a flexible substrate, a glass substrate or a plastic substrate. Another electrode layer is placed opposite to the former electrode layer. A reaction lamination layer is set between the two electrode layers. The former electrode substrate includes a metal layer set between the reaction lamination layer and the former electrode layer.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell increases the contact area of the electrode substrate and the reaction lamination layer, improves the photoelectric transfer efficiency, increases application range, and reduces/increases panel size.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a dye-sensitized solar cell.
NOVELTY - A release film has release layer containing silicone resin provided on both surfaces of biaxial-orientation polyester film.    USE - Release film for molding green sheet used as electrolyte for solid-oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The release film provides fuel cell with high output.
NOVELTY - The method involves screen-printing silver paste and aluminum paste into through hole (101a) of workpiece (101). A suction hole (102a) and a paste receiving hole (102b) corresponding to the through hole of the workpiece is provided in the printing stage (102) such that workpiece is fixed with the suction hole of printing stage using silver and aluminum paste.    USE - Manufacturing method of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Workpiece is fixed with the printing stage without leakage of silver and aluminum paste, hence printing stage is not spoiled and printing efficiency is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for screen-printing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of screen-printing apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Workpiece (101)    Through-hole (101a)    Printing stage (102)    Suction hole (102a)    Paste receiving hole (102b)
NOVELTY - A surface protective layer is formed by transferring a resin material (25) on surface of a columnar blanket (32) having a predetermined pattern to light receiving surface of solar cell substrate. A non-formation region in which the resin material is not formed is provided in the predetermined pattern along the rotation direction of blanket.    USE - Manufacturing method of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The protective layer is formed with sufficient precision and moisture resistance ability is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view illustrating the solar cell manufacturing process. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Photo electric conversion unit (12)    Bus bar electrode (16)    Resin material (25)    Printing drum (30)    Blanket (32)
NOVELTY - The silicon ingot manufacturing device (100) includes a vacuum chamber (10) that comprises a crucible (20) for heating polycrystalline silicon material (M). A main heating unit (31a-31c) is arranged around the vacuum chamber. A replaceable auxiliary heating unit (32a-32c) is arranged in contact with the polycrystalline silicon material within the vacuum chamber.    USE - Device for manufacturing silicon ingot for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The ingot can be manufactured quickly by using two heating units. The heat transmission efficiency of the ingot is improved. The generation of defects in the ingot is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the silicon ingot manufacturing device.    Vacuum chamber (10)    Crucible (20)    Main heating unit (31a-31c)    Auxiliary heating unit (32a-32c)    Silicon ingot manufacturing device (100)    Polycrystalline silicon material (M)
NOVELTY - The method involves depositing a metallic layer (24) on a backside of a substrate (22) through sputtering or vapor deposition in an inline vacuum deposition system having tools. An additional layer is deposited on one of a frontside and the backside of the substrate in the system, where the metallic layer and the additional layer are deposited without interrupting vacuum. The tools for depositing the layers on backside of the substrate are disposed with a reference to a product flow path of the system. A passivation layer (23) is made of a material chosen from a group of silicon nitride.    USE - Method for producing a backside contact of a semiconductor element e.g. silicon based solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids the silk screening step for depositing the backside contacts, and avoids undesired oxide formation and subsequent cleaning step.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a vacuum treatment system comprising a vacuum treatment chamber.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic diagram illustrating a process of producing a solar cell.    Backside contact (21)    Substrate (22)    Passivation layer (23)    Solderable layer (25)    Metallic layer (24)
NOVELTY - The structure has a silicon wafer with n-type doping and cut to square with oblique angle such that the wafer comprises maximum square area from a round shape wafer. Impurity is formed on a surface of the wafer to form an N-type layer (36) and p-n junction on front side, back side and edge. Crossed shaped window is formed on the back side of the wafer, and a set of contact grids (35) is formed on front and back sides to form a P-type contact (39). Another type contact is formed on the window and a bonding pad, and a silver paste layer (32) is formed on an edge surface of the wafer.    USE - Structure for an edge conducting double-sided flip-chip solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The structure increases the conservation efficiency of the sunlight by providing the p-n junction, and decreases the conducting resistance to enable heat sink efficiency. The structure increases the exposing area of the solar cell to the sun light by avoiding the wire bonding of the n-type and p-type contacts on the front side of the solar cell through the metal layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of an edge conducting double-sided flip-chip cell.    Silver paste layer (32)    Contact grids (35)    N-type layer (36)    P-type contact (39)    Printed grids (41)
NOVELTY - The device (1) has an alternating current (AC) output port (161) and a direct current (DC) output port (162) mounted on an outer surface (112) of a case body (11). A power output selecting unit (17) is connected to a rechargeable battery set (13), ports and DC-to-AC converter. The unit is operable in a selected one of a DC output mode, where the electrical power from the set is outputted at the DC output port, and the AC power from the DC-to-AC converter is outputted at the AC output port.    USE - Cold storage device for collecting solar power and supplying electrical power to a load.    ADVANTAGE - The case body is portable so that the device facilitates outdoor use. The cold storage device can serve as a power supply for supplying electrical power to a load via one of the alternating current (AC) output port and the direct current (DC) output port.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a cold storage device.    Cold storage device (1)    Case body (11)    Rechargeable battery set (13)    Power output selecting unit (17)    Outer surface (112)    Alternating current output port (161)    Direct current output port (162)
NOVELTY - The film forming apparatus (10) has a magnetic circuit (30) arranged at a surface side of target (22). A film forming target object (5) is arranged in the other side of target. The magnetic circuit has a center magnet (31) and outer periphery magnet (32) that is arranged at the outer periphery of the center magnet. The magnetic field is generated by the magnetic circuit such that the absolute value of perpendicular magnetic field in the surface of film forming target object is gausses within the width of magnetic circuit.    USE - Film forming apparatus e.g. magnetron sputter apparatus for forming conductive film for LCD and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high crystalline film is formed, since the line of magnetic force is extended from magnetic circuit to film forming target object side. The film is activated effectively when the electron in plasma is arrived to film forming target object along line of magnetic force.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for film forming method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the film formation chamber of film forming apparatus.    Film forming target object (5)    Film forming apparatus (10)    Target (22)    Magnetic circuit (30)    Center magnet (31)    Outer periphery magnet (32)
NOVELTY - The method involves placing conductive contacts of photovoltaic cells (12) in alignment with predetermined locations of interconnect pads and in contact with interconnect attachments (22). A liquid encapsulant (16A) is filled in several spaced formed between back surfaces of photovoltaic cells and front surface of a flexible substrate. The encapsulant and interconnect attachments are subjected to curing process to form a conductive path from the conductive contact to interconnect pads.    USE - Method for fabricating light concentrating solar module.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture permeability between the liquid encapsulant and flexible electrical backplane is improved efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for light concentrating solar module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the light concentrating solar module.    Photovoltaic cells (12)    Liquid encapsulant (16A)    Conductive interconnects (18)    Interconnect attachments (22)    Light concentrating solar module (70)
NOVELTY - A vaporization unit receives water from a water supply unit to generate water vapor and supply water vapor to an inner chamber of a modifier. Several gas supply units supply reformed gas and oxygen gas to the modifier respectively. The modifier has a catalyst that performs partial oxidation reformation, auto thermal reformation and steam reformation process with respect to the gas provided inside the inner chamber. A control unit controls the reformation reaction in the modifier based on the temperature of the modifier during startup process.    USE - Fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The reformation reaction in the modifier can be controlled appropriately based on the temperature of the modifier during startup process. The deterioration of the modifier catalyst due to temperature rise can be prevented reliably. The lifetime of the modifier catalyst can be increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the flowchart explaining the processing procedure of the fuel cell apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - Catalyst comprising a group VIII metal alloy in at least two phases with different alloying levels is new.    USE - The catalyst is useful as an electrode (especially cathode) material in a fuel cell, especially a methanol fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has adequate stability in the acid environment of fuel cells and is maximally insensitive to methanol contaminants.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for producing a catalyst as above by forming the alloy and heat-treating it at a temperature above the Tammann temperature and below the melting point of the alloy.
NOVELTY - A maskless, noncontact printing of parallel lines on an object involves providing deposition head; disposing nozzles (10) across the width of deposition head, where number of nozzles are equal to the number of lines to be printed; atomizing first material to be deposited; ejecting from nozzles; moving deposition head relative to the object; and depositing lines comprising first material on object, where each line is less than approximately 100 mu m in width.    USE - Method for maskless, noncontact printing of parallel lines on object, e.g. collector lines and busbars. Uses include but are not limited to metallization (e.g. thin-film metallization) of solar cells in collector lines and busbars; plating operations or direct printing of functioning conductive collector lines and busbars; printing organic and inorganic non-metallic compositions; and coating applications.    ADVANTAGE - The method increases efficiency by utilizing back side metallization of crystalline silicon solar cells; provides conductive coatings which improve overall cell efficiencies, while simultaneously moving to thinner wafers in an effort to reduce costs and/or increase operating income; reduces width and thickness of seed layers for collector lines on solar cells; and has high-resolution.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus of maskless, noncontact deposition of busbars on solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is an isometric schematic view of single print head with print nozzles.    Nozzle (10)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a silicon substrate (1). A dielectric layer (5) is produced on a coated surface (3) of the silicon substrate. Another dielectric layer (7) is produced in form of a silicon dioxide layer at a boundary surface between the former dielectric layer and the coated surface of the silicon substrate by thermal oxidation. The former dielectric layer is produced from one of the materials e.g. silicon oxide, silicon nitride, silicon carbide or spin on glass.    USE - Method for manufacturing a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dielectric layer is produced in form of a silicon dioxide layer at a boundary surface between another dielectric layer and the coated surface of the silicon substrate by thermal oxidation, and hence avoids additional work and is cost effective and protects the surface of the solar cell by high-quality dielectric layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings show a schematic view of a substantial processing stages of a manufacturing method for a solar cell.    Silicon substrate (1)    Coated surface (3)    Dielectric layers (5,7)    Surface passivating silicon dioxide layer (9)
NOVELTY - The power supply device (1) has a main structure (1a) shaped in form of animal, attached to display case (2b) of mobile telephone (2). A control apparatus (11) controls rotation of artificial eyes (10) provided in the main structure to indicate the operation state such as fuel shortage state or fuel filled state of the fuel cell (3). The mobile telephone draws in electric power through a connection cable (13).    USE - Fuel cell type power supply device e.g. charger for electronic device such as foldable mobile telephone and digital camera.    ADVANTAGE - The mobile device can be charged efficiently, and mental stress of user is relieved by using animal eye gestures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) control method of fuel cell type power supply device; and    (2) control program of fuel cell type power supply device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional side of fuel cell type power supply device attached to mobile telephone.    Power supply device (1)    Main structure (1a)    Mobile telephone (2)    Display case of mobile telephone (2b)    Fuel cell (3)    Artificial eye (10)    Control apparatus (11)    Connection cable (13)
NOVELTY - The solar cell construction (10) has a transparent photovoltaic cell (42), particularly a colorant solar cell or a thin-layer semiconductor cell. A polymer layer (36) is provided with a fluorescent material or a mixture of multiple fluorescent materials with the transparent photovoltaic cell. The fluorescent material has inorganic fluorescent dyes. The polymer layer is made of a material of polyacrylate, polymethyl methacrylate, poly(lauryl methacrylate) or polymers. The solar cell construction is made of polycarbonate.    USE - Solar cell construction for object.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell construction has a transparent photovoltaic cell, particularly a colorant solar cell or a thin-layer semiconductor cell, where a polymer layer is provided with a fluorescent material or a mixture of multiple fluorescent materials with the transparent photovoltaic cell, and hence ensures a solar cell construction that provided improved sunlight.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a solar cell construction.    Solar cell construction (10)    Lighting side (12)    Incident light (14)    Polymer layer (36)    Photovoltaic cell (42)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a solar cell substrate (10) by forming several thin wire electrodes (14) on main surface of a photoelectric converter (12). A resin material is applied to cylindrical surface of a cylindrical blanket. A surface protection layer (20) is formed by transferring resin material to main surface of solar cell substrate. The blanket is rotated on the main surface of solar cell substrate in predetermined direction.    USE - Method of manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The surface protection layer is uniformly formed on the surface of solar cell substrate, so that the moisture resistance of solar cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar cell.    Solar cell substrate (10)    Photoelectric converter (12)    Thin wire electrodes (14)    Bus bar electrodes (16)    Surface protection layer (20)
NOVELTY - An adhesive composition contains acryl resin and ultraviolet stabilizer. The adhesive composition transmits solar light at 200 nm or more in the hardened state.    USE - Composition used for adhesive sheet for attaching solar battery and cover glass in solar cell module (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive composition has excellent adhesiveness and ultraviolet transmission property. The sheet formed using the composition has excellent weather resistance and durability. The yellowing rate is suppressed efficiently.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming n-type conductive layer (202) on both sides of p-type silicon substrate. A composition including p-type dopant is coated along predetermined pattern on surface of substrate in screen printing manner. A p-type conductive layer (203a,203b) is formed on one surface of substrate. The n-type and p-type conductive layers are alternately formed on other surface of substrate. A non-floating layer (204) is formed on both sides of substrate. A pair of electrodes (206,207) is connected to n-type and p-type conductive layers.    USE - Manufacturing method of interdigit back contact cell (IBC) type solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing process is simple.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a manufacturing process of IBC type solar battery.    N-type conductive layer (202)    P-type conductive layer (203a,203b)    Non-floating layer (204)    Reflection barrier layer (205)    Electrodes (206,207)
NOVELTY - An electrode (I) is formed by a solution process. An electrode (II) is formed by a solution process. An active polymer layer is laminated between the electrodes (I) and (II). Thus, electronic or electro-optic device is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of electronic or electro-optic device such as organic electronic or electro-optic device e.g. polymer solar cell, organic transistor and organic memory device, polymer light emitting diode and stacked polymer solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides improved electronic or electro-optic device with excellent performance and corrosion resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrode (I) is formed by a solution process. An electrode (II) is formed by a solution process. An active polymer layer is laminated between the electrodes (I) and (II). Thus, electronic or electro-optic device is manufactured. The manufacturing method further comprises forming buffer layer of low work function material which is chosen from cesium carbonate, cesium acetylacetonate, cesium fluoride, cesium chloride, cesium bromide, cesium iodide, potassium carbonate, potassium fluoride, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, potassium acetylacetonate, sodium carbonate, sodium fluoride, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, sodium acetylacetonate, rubidium carbonate, rubidium fluoride, rubidium chloride, rubidium bromide, rubidium iodide and rubidium acetylacetonate, preferably cesium carbonate. The method further comprises forming conducting polymer adhesive layer on electrode (I). The conducting polymer adhesive is poly-ethylenedioxythiophene: polystyrenesulfonate modified by doping it with D-sorbitol, volemitol, erythritol, xylitol, mannitol , perseitol, D-threitol, dulcitol, ( beta )-sedoheptiol, ethylene glycol and/or dimethyl sulfoxide.
NOVELTY - An organic dye comprising a chromophore rendering a low HOMO-LUMO gap or polyaromatic chromophore as light harvesting functional group, is new.    USE - In dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The compound provides donor-acceptor architecture that incorporates a chromophore rendering low HOMO-LUMO gap or a polyaromatic chromophore, thus the performance dye-sensitized solar cells is improved dramatically.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic dye of formula D'-Sp1-Ch-Sp2-Acc-Y'(I) comprising a chromophore rendering a low HOMO-LUMO gap or polyaromatic chromophore as light harvesting functional group is new.    D'=donor group;    Acc=acceptor group;    Y'=anchoring group;    Sp1 and Sp2=single bond or spacer group (preferably of formula (i) and (ii));    Ch=(poly)thienylfluorene group including one to three thienylfluorene groups of formula (I') (substituting at least one H-atom with a 1-4C alkyl group);    n=1-3.
NOVELTY - An electrically conductive polymer composition comprises aqueous dispersion of electrically conductive polymer doped with highly fluorinated acid polymer, and inorganic semiconductive or insulative nanoparticles.    USE - An electrically conductive polymer composition for use in making film for electronic devices (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to devices that convert electrical energy into radiation (e.g. light emitting diode or light emitting diode display); devices that detects signals through electronic processes (e.g. photo-resistors, photo-switches, infrared detectors or biosensors); devices that convert radiation into electrical energy (e.g. photovoltaic device or solar cell); or devices that include electronic components that include organic semiconductor layers (e.g. transistor or diode).    ADVANTAGE - The composition is capable of forming films that are smooth, relatively transparent, have refractive index of greater than 1.4-460 nm, and can have conductivity of 1x 10-7 to 1x 10-3 S/cm.
NOVELTY - Composition (I) which, when applied to a substrate and cured, provides a substantially water impervious coating on the substrate, comprises: a high molecular weight polymeric material; a curing agent; an inorganic compound; and a coupling agent.    USE - (I) is useful for encapsulation of a photovoltaic component, which is useful in photovoltaic module (all claimed). (I) is useful in photovoltaic devices including solar cell modules.    ADVANTAGE - (I) provides: a substantially water impervious coating on the substrate; and UV stability, electrical insulation, mechanical protection, low tack, and corrosion protection. (I) has desirable diffusivity properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a composition for encapsulation of photovoltaic components, and which, when applied to a substrate and cured, provides UV stability, electrical insulation, mechanical protection, low tack, and corrosion protection, comprising the high molecular weight polymeric material (40-95 wt.%), the curing agent (0.1-3 wt.%), the inorganic compound (up to 35 wt.%), the coupling agent (0.09-5 wt.%), a processing aid (up to 50 wt.%) and the adhesion promoting agent (0.05-2 wt.%); and    (2) a photovoltaic module comprising a glass plate, photovoltaic cell circuitry and encapsulant composition bonded to a portion of the glass plate and encapsulating at least a portion of the photovoltaic cell circuitry.
NOVELTY - Silicon thin film manufacturing involves forming a silicide seed (102b) on a substrate (100). A silicon precursor is laminated on the substrate on which the silicide seed is formed.    USE - Method for manufacturing silicon thin film for use in solar battery (Claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The silicon thin film manufacturing method is cost effective and enables to provide a silicon thin film, which has high efficiency and which is applied to a larger area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a solar battery, which comprises a double semiconductor layer junction structure or a triple semiconductor layer junction structure and the silicon thin film; and    (2) a method for manufacturing the solar battery, which involves depositing a metal layer on the top of the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the silicon thin film metal layer.    Substrate (100)    Metal layer (101)    Silicide seed (102b)    Silicon semiconductor layer (103)    Polycrystal silicon boundary (104)
NOVELTY - A laminated material is obtained by laminating a layer containing an aromatic vinyl-type resin having glass transition temperature lower than thermoplastic resin on a side or both sides of a base material layer containing thermoplastic resin and having glass transition temperature of 120 degrees C or more.    USE - Laminated material is used as sheet including but not limited to solar cell, air conditioning machine, television, medical equipment, refrigerator, drying machine, dishwasher, microwave oven, timepiece and optical instrument.    ADVANTAGE - The laminated material has excellent heat resistance, weather resistance, hydrolysis resistance, flexibility and handleability. The generation of curl in the laminated material is suppressed.
NOVELTY - A resin composition contains metal-containing highly refractive intermediate, polymer or oligomer and/or reactive monomer. Metal-containing highly reactive intermediate is obtained by mixing titanium alkoxide, aminoalcohol and water, and performing hydrolytic reaction. Polymer or oligomer and reactive monomer have epoxy group and acrylic group in each molecule.    USE - Resin composition is used for film-shaped optical component (claimed) for plastic lens, prism, optical fiber, information recording substrate, filter, liquid crystal display element, plasma display element, prism sheet, diffuser, light-scattering film, viewing angle improvement film, brightness improving film, polarizer, and condensing film for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The resin composition has excellent film forming property, and provides transparent optical component having high refractive index and durability.
NOVELTY - The stacked photoelectric conversion apparatus (1) has a dye-sensitizing photoelectric conversion structure (3), and thin film photoelectric conversion structure (2) consisting of amorphous semiconductor having light transmittance stacked on the main surface of the electroconductive substrate (11).    USE - Stacked photoelectric conversion apparatus e.g. dye-sensitization type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - A stacked photoelectric conversion apparatus with improved photoelectric conversion efficiency can be provided at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the stacked photoelectric conversion apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Stacked photoelectric conversion apparatus (1)    Thin film photoelectric conversion structure (2)    Dye-sensitizing photoelectric conversion structure (3)    Electroconductive substrate (11)    Catalyst layer (15)
NOVELTY - A resin film has a layer (A) containing surface treating agent, on its surface(s), and the surface at the side of layer (A) is contacted with silicone. The surface contacting with silicone is cleaned by spraying blast material which becomes gas at normal temperature and pressure conditions. The cleaned portion of resin film contacting with silicone is subjected to cooling-solidification process. Thus, manufacturing method of resin film is enabled.    USE - Manufacture of resin film used for manufacture of conductive layer laminated resin film (all claimed) used for base material for electronic component such as printed wiring board, flexible printed substrate, electrically-conductive board, tape-automated bonding tape, liquid crystal display, organic electroluminescence display and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The modified resin film is formed efficiently with improved stability. The resin film provides excellent adhesive strength between adhesive layer and conductor layer in circuit board.
NOVELTY - A polyimide film is contacted with silicone. Then, a blast material which becomes gas under normal temperature and normal pressure and carried out cooling and solidification is sprayed on the surface of the silicone contacted with polyimide film and adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the silicone contacted with polyimide film, to obtain polyimide laminated material.    USE - Manufacture of polyimide laminated material (claimed) for electronic paper, components for solar cell, tape automated bonding tape and flexible printed wiring board substrate used for liquid crystal display, organic electroluminescent display.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently manufactures polyimide laminated material having excellent adhesiveness and high strength.
NOVELTY - A nanoporous titanium oxide (TiO2) array material is prepared by washing surface of titanium sheet (more than 90% pure), and oxidizing in organic electrolyte solution of hydrofluoric acid including fluorine or fluoride (0.1-10 wt.%) for 20-100 hours at 10-80 V, where counter electrode is platinum; removing loose film on surface of titanium for forming nanoporous titanium dioxide array material including titanium and titanium dioxide; and sintering at 300-700 degrees C for 0.5-15 hours and cooling to obtain desired array material with crystalline phase.    USE - Method for preparation of nanoporous TiO2 array material used in photoelectrocatalysis, chemical oxygen demand sensor in water pollution monitoring, hydrogen sensor, dye sensitive solar cell, implant material of plastic surgery and dentistry (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The material has strong mechanical force resistance, strong resistance to stress deformation and cracking caused by temperature change, and high stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The nanoporous TiO2 array material is prepared by:    (A) washing surface of titanium sheet (more than 90% pure) which is used as anode, and oxidizing in organic electrolyte solution of hydrofluoric acid including fluorine or fluoride (0.1-10 wt.%) for 20-100 hours at 10-80 V, where counter electrode is platinum;    (B) removing loose film on surface of titanium for forming nanoporous titanium dioxide array material including titanium and titanium dioxide on surface, whose aperture is 60-400 nm and depth of pore is 10-250 nm; and    (C) sintering at 300-700 degrees C for 0.5-15 hours and then cooling to obtain desired array material with crystalline phase.
NOVELTY - An anode comprises anode catalyst containing platinum-ruthenium alloy, formic acid decomposition-reaction catalyst comprising noble metal which accelerate formic acid decomposition reaction, and proton-conductive substance.    USE - Anode is used for membrane-electrode composite component for direct methanol fuel cell (both claimed) used as power supply for motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The direct methanol fuel cell comprising anode is excellent in stability and reliability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An anode comprises anode catalyst containing platinum-ruthenium alloy, formic acid decomposition-reaction catalyst comprising noble metal which accelerate formic acid decomposition reaction, and proton-conductive substance. The formic acid decomposition-reaction catalyst is supported by palladium-supported microparticles. The content of noble metal in formic acid decomposition-reaction catalyst is 1-100 weight parts with respect to 100 weight parts of platinum-ruthenium alloy in anode catalyst. The platinum-ruthenium alloy further contains platinum group element or transition metal of groups 4-6. A membrane-electrode composite component for direct methanol fuel cell comprises proton-conductive film, cathode and anode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of fuel cell.    Electrolytic membrane (1)    Fuel electrode (2)    Oxidizing agent electrode (3)    Electromotive portion (4)    Separator (5)
NOVELTY - The composite-type solar cell (1) has dye-sensitized solar cell (10) laminated on silicon solar cell (3). A silicide layer (20) is formed between N-type high concentration diffused layer (7) of silicon solar cell and translucent conductive layer (15) of dye-sensitized solar cell so as to electrically connect both solar cells. The electric current flows towards transparent conductive film (12) of dye-sensitized solar cell from metal electrode (8) of silicon solar cell, in the direction in which the solar cells are laminated.    USE - Composite-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved as the dye-sensitized solar cell and silicon solar cell are internally connected. The reflection of light irradiated from the dye-sensitized solar cell is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the composite-type solar cell.    Composite-type solar cell (1)    Silicon solar cell (3)    N-type high concentration diffused layer (7)    Metal electrode (8)    Dye-sensitized solar cell (10)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Translucent conductive layer (15)    Silicide layer (20)
NOVELTY - An electrode material (10) comprises electroconductive small particles (11) covered with amorphous inorganic material (13). The electroconductive small particles are supported with metal catalyst (12) having hydrogen electrode reaction activity. The amorphous inorganic material selectively permeates hydrogen and reduces the permeation of carbon monoxide. The inorganic material has silicon-oxygen bond. The electroconductive small particles are carbon material such as carbon nanotube and carbon nanofiber. The metal catalyst is platinum or platinum alloy.    USE - Electrode material is used for electrode for fuel cell (both claimed) used for electric power generation system for home appliances.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode material is excellent in carbon monoxide poisoning proof property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of electrode material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of electrode material.    Electrode material (10)    Electroconductive small particles (11)    Metal catalyst (12)    Amorphous inorganic material (13)
NOVELTY - A melt solution containing metal and silicon is heated under inert gas atmosphere, and vapor of sodium is passed into a reaction container to obtain a metal silylated material.    USE - Manufacture of metal silylated material used as optoelectronics semiconductor material and thermoelectric conversion device material such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method economically provides metal silylated material having excellent heat resistance.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic drawing of reaction container used for synthesis of metal silylated material.    Boron nitride crucible (1)    Metallic sodium (2)    Mixed powder of iron and silica (3)    Stainless steel pillar (4)    Reaction container (5)
NOVELTY - The method involves: applying a peroxide metal polyacid to a substrate (S10); performing preheating processing (S12); and supplying gas containing hydrogen and silicon in the substrate (S14). The metal contained in the peroxide metal polyacid is tungsten or molybdenum.    USE - Manufacturing method of porous silicon used as e.g. sacrificing layer or low dielectric constant layer of various devices. Uses include but are not limited to a filter, a solar cell, a fuel cell, a lithium cell, an electrochemical capacitor, a sensor, a light-emitting element, a silicon structure, or an electron-emitting element.    ADVANTAGE - Porous silicon can be formed easily by supplying gas containing hydrogen and silicon in substrate to which peroxide metal polyacid is applied.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a flowchart which shows the manufacturing method of porous silicon. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Step of applying a peroxide metal polyacid to a substrate (S10)    Step of performing preheating processing (S12)    Step of supplying gas containing hydrogen and silicon in the substrate (S14)
NOVELTY - A galvanometer scanner and the laser resonator are located in predetermined manner for processing the flexible board (2) mounted on the processing stage (12). A linear motion drive unit (23) controls movement of a suction duct (21) extending along the scanning direction, in synchronization with operation of the galvano scanner.    USE - Laser processing apparatus for separating integrated thin film solar cells formed on flexible plastic film.    ADVANTAGE - The laser processing efficiency is improved while avoiding generation of the processing waste without need for increasing cost of the laser processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the front view of processing stage in laser processing apparatus.    Flexible board (2)    Processing stage (12)    Suction duct (21)    Flexible pipe (22)    Linear motion drive unit (23)
NOVELTY - A fuel oil contains aromatic component having side chain and sulfur compound. The sulfur content in the sulfur compound of 184-218 g/mol molecular weight is 1 mass ppm or less. The fuel oil contains aromatic component of 20 volume% or less and total sulfur content of 80 mass ppm or less. The fuel oil has initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C and 95% distillation temperature of 270 degrees C or less in the distillation curve.    USE - Fuel oil such for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil provides the fuel cell having excellent stability for long period of time. The generation of gaseous hydrocarbon as byproduct is efficiently suppressed.
NOVELTY - A container (31) accommodates carbon black. An electric charge amount adjustment unit evaporates platinum nanoparticle from a cathode electrode (22) at the time of vacuum arc vapor deposition and mixes platinum nanoparticle to carbon black in the container. The adjustment unit adjusts the electrostatic capacitance of a capacitor and the discharge voltage of a direct current (DC) power supply. The adjustment unit is installed in vacuum chamber (11). An electron emitter discharges the electrons for neutralizing the electric charge of platinum nanoparticle.    USE - Apparatus for supporting nanoparticle in catalyst used for fuel cell, exhaust gas purification apparatus of motor vehicle and substrate film during carbon nanotube manufacture.    ADVANTAGE - The charging-up of the carbon black is suppressed. The production yield of the nanoparticle supporting apparatus is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for nanoparticle support method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the nanoparticle supporting apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Vacuum-arc-vapor-deposition apparatus (1)    Vacuum chamber (11)    Coaxial-type vacuum arc evaporation source (21)    Cathode electrode (22)    Trigger electrode (24)    Container (31)
NOVELTY - A discotic nematic liquid crystal (LC) material contains several liquid crystal units, each comprising a central moiety having aromatic ring (s), and several electroactive arms extending outward from central moiety. Each arm contains several cyclic groups, in which group(s) contains sulfur atom(s).    USE - Discotic nematic liquid crystal material is used for photovoltaic cell (claimed), such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The discotic nematic liquid crystal material provides photovoltaic cell having favorable power generating efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of photovoltaic cell.    Photovoltaic cell (100)    Electrode (101)    Counter electrode (103)    Substrate (107)    Electrically conductive layer (111)    Photoactive layer (113)    Electroactive liquid crystal material (200)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic device (100) is provided with a crystalline substrate (101) having resistivity in the range of 0.02-2 ohm-cm. An epitaxial thin-film layer (102) is formed at the front surface of the substrate. The thin-film layer contacts the substrate in a specific region so as to define a p-n junction.    USE - Photovoltaic device e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency, reliability and operating lifetime of the photovoltaic device can be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of producing solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the photovoltaic device.    Photovoltaic device (100)    Crystalline substrate (101)    Epitaxial thin-film layer (102)    Reflectors (105)    Ohmic contact (110)
NOVELTY - The monolithic mirror array has a primary mirror (100) made of metal, plastic or glass, including a curved section (110) on which the parabolic reflective mirror surface (105) is formed. An aperture (120) is formed at the base of the curved section. The alignment elements are integrally formed at the lower side of the primary mirror.    USE - Monolithic mirror array for solar energy device (claimed) e.g. solar energy concentrator used in solar energy system (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing cost of the solar energy concentrator can be reduced and the optical performance can be improved reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for solar energy system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the primary mirror.    Primary mirror (100)    Reflective mirror surface (105)    Curved section (110)    Aperture (120)
NOVELTY - A ribbon crystal (10) comprises a body having a width dimension; and string(s) (12) embedded within the body, and having an elongated cross-sectional shape. The cross-section of the string has longitudinal axis (42) that diverges with the width dimension of the body. The cross-section of the body has a neck (36) with a minimum thickness that is greater than 60 microns. The string has ellipsoid shape, rectangle shape, convex shape, concave shape, T shape, C shape or cross shape.    USE - As a ribbon crystal useful in electronic devices e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The ribbon crystal string has elongated cross-sectional shape having longitudinal axis that diverges with the width dimension. Thus, increasing the size of neck portion of the ribbon crystal. The increase in size of neck portion of the ribbon crystal, reduces breakage and improves wafer yield. The string geometries increase the size of the neck of a ribbon crystal without the need for additional, external fabrication equipment. As a result, ribbon crystals are more robust, thus improving yields.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for forming a ribbon crystal involving providing a set of strings that each have an elongated cross-sectional shape, where the cross-section of each string has a longitudinal axis; adding molten material to a crucible; passing the set of strings in a given direction through the molten material causing the molten material to freeze above an interface to form a sheet, where the sheet has a width dimension that is perpendicular to the given direction of the set of strings, where at least one string is oriented so that its longitudinal axis diverges with the width dimension of the sheet.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figures show schematic cross-sectional views of ribbon crystals using strings with an elongated cross-section.    Ribbon crystal (10)    String (12)    Neck portion (36)    Wider portion (38)    Longitudinal axis (42)
NOVELTY - Making a string for string ribbon crystal, involves providing a substrate (28) having an outer surface; extruding refractory material (30) over the substrate, where the refractory material covers the outer surface of the substrate; curing the refractory material. The method further involves forming an exterior reduced wetting layer (32) radially outward of the refractory material. The substrate and refractory material form an elongated cross-sectional shape.    USE - For making a string useful for forming string ribbon crystal (claimed) used in electronic devices such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method avoids use of complex prior art processes that require hazardous chemicals (e.g., chemical vapor deposition (CVD) processes). The method extrudes the refractory material layer on the substrate, thus avoiding problems associated with prior art deposition techniques and reducing production costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a string for forming a ribbon crystal, comprising a substrate having an outer surface; an extruded refractory material layer substantially covering the outer surface of the substrate; and optionally exterior reduced wetting layer radially outward of the refractory material and a handling layer (34) radially outward of the refractory material.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows schematic cross-sectional views of the string.    Base string portion (26)    Substrate (28)    Refractory material layer (30)    Reduced wetting layer (32)    Handling layer (34)
NOVELTY - Thin-film solar cell is manufactured by providing first conducting layer on substrate having greater than or equal to 0.75 m2 area; applying ultraviolet laser beam through lens to first conducting layer to form trench; and providing active layer(s) on first conducting layer and second conducting layer on active layer(s). The lens focuses ultraviolet laser beam and has focal length of greater than 100 mm. The substrate sags such that the portions of the first conducting layer scribed during application located within effective portion of focused ultraviolet laser beam when scribed.    USE - Method for manufacturing of thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides less sensitive to particles in scribing process, and has improved isolation between separate layer portions, due larger scribe width.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Manufacture of thin-film solar cell comprises providing first conducting layer on substrate having greater than or equal to 0.75 m2 area; applying ultraviolet laser beam through lens to first conducting layer and scribing portions of first conducting layer to form trench; and providing active layer(s) on first conducting layer and second conducting layer on active layer(s). The lens focuses ultraviolet laser beam and has focal length of greater than 100 mm. The focused ultraviolet laser beam includes an effective portion for scribing and art ineffective portion. The substrate sags such that the portions of the first conducting layer scribed during application located within effective portion of focused ultraviolet laser beam when scribed. The ultraviolet laser beam has wavelength of less than 400 (preferably 355) nm. The focal length is less than 150 mm. The trench has width of greater than or equal to 20 mu m, having smooth trench walls. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a thin-film solar cell system;and    (2) a laser scribing apparatus.
NOVELTY - The generator has a dielectric material (3) arranged between a ground electrode and a high voltage electrode (2). A discharge space (4) is formed between ground electrode and dielectric material such that three sides of discharge space are gas-shielded and one side is opened to the end faces of ground electrode and dielectric material. A gas supply unit supplies discharge gas to the discharge space. An alternating current (AC) power supply (16) applies alternating voltage to the electrodes to generate dielectric barrier discharge in the discharge space.    USE - Dielectric barrier discharge gas generator for generating gases such as oxygen, oxygen compound gas, ozone gas, nitrogen gas, nitrogen compound gas, etc used for forming thin-films such as oxide film and nitride film in semiconductor manufacture. Can also be used in generating gases such as fluorine gas, hydrogen gas, hydride gas and noble gas such as argon gas used in etching and annealing flat panel surfaces of liquid crystal surface and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The radical gas of high energy and high density is discharged efficiently since the discharge space is equipped with AC power supply which generates dielectric barrier discharge.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the structural view of dielectric barrier discharge gas generator. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    High voltage electrode (2)    Dielectric material (3)    Discharge space (4)    AC power supply (16)    Exhaust gas controller (19)
NOVELTY - The housing encloses a photovoltaic cell. An electrolyte is arranged within photovoltaic cell wall. The Partially transparent conductive coating is arranged on interior surface of cell wall. An anode is arranged on conductive coating. The anode includes porous titania film (120) and dye. A cathode is arranged opposing the anode. A conductive carbon layer (136) is arranged in electrolytic communication with porous titania film through electrolyte. An average distance between the surface of cathode and surface of porous titania film is set less than 7 mu m.    USE - Photovoltaic cell e.g. dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The mechanical stability of the photovoltaic cell can be increased, while improving the energy conversion efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the open-faced photovoltaic cell.    Porous titania film (120)    Catalytic carbon layer (132)    Conductive carbon layer (136)    Graphite foil (140)    Counter electrode (160)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor material contains impurity chosen from barium, silicon, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or nitrogen.    USE - Semiconductor material is used for manufacturing solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor material is manufactured efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of semiconductor material, which involves reacting impurity chosen from barium, silicon, arsenic, antimony, bismuth and/or nitrogen.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Barium silicide layer (2)    Impurity doped barium silicide layer (3)    Lower electrode (5)    Upper electrode (6)
NOVELTY - The solar sensor (10'') has a housing (12) including an internal focal point plane. Two photosensors (16) e.g. infrared (IR) sensors, are embedded in plastic material of the housing. The material contains filter and/or diffuser materials. Each photosensor has a sensor area (18) sensitive to a part e.g. IR radiation, of an incident solar radiation, and arranged in a common plane and in front of or behind the focal point plane from the perspective of a convex side of the housing. Direction of incidence of the radiation is determined based on intensity of the radiation received by the area (18).    USE - Solar sensor for detecting the direction of incidence and the intensity of solar radiation in a motor vehicle air-conditioning system for compensating heat produced in vehicle interior due to solar radiation.    ADVANTAGE - The solar sensor has a simple construction concept, and can be manufactured and assembled in a cost-effective manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of a solar sensor with a photosensor.    Solar sensor (10'')    Housing (12)    Photosensors (16)    Sensor area (18)    Connection element (20)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element has photoelectrode layer comprising dye-sensitized porous semiconductor particle layer (3), charge transport layer and opposite electrode layer. Charge transport layer (2) contains solid mixture including carbon material (0.1-50 weight%) and ionic liquid (50-99.9 weight%), and optionally contains iodine (1 weight% or less) and p-type conductive polymer (0.9 weight% or less).    USE - Dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element is used for pn-junction solar cell and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell comprising the dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element has excellent durability and high energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element has photoelectrode layer comprising dye-sensitized porous semiconductor particle layer, charge transport layer and opposite electrode layer. Charge transport layer contains solid mixture including carbon material (0.1-50 weight%) and ionic liquid (50-99.9 weight%), and optionally contains iodine (1 weight% or less) and p-type conductive polymer (0.9 weight% or less). Carbon material is carbon nanotube. Porous photoelectrode layer includes organic binder (2 weight% or less). Voids in porous photoelectrode layer are filled with ionic liquid.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of photoelectric conversion element.    Opposite electrode conductive substrate (1)    Charge transport layer (2)    Dye-sensitized porous semiconductor particle layer (3)    Ionic liquid filled porous film (4)    Photoelectrode substrate (5)
NOVELTY - A metal particles is contacted with a halogenated silane (1) at temperature (T1) which is lower than the melting point of the metal, and the remaining metal is contacted with the halogenated silane at temperature (T2) which is not lower than the melting point of the metal to obtain silicon.    USE - Manufacture of silicon used for manufacturing solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing method of silicon is carried out efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal particles is contacted with a halogenated silane of formula: SiHnX4-n (1) at temperature (T1) which is lower than the melting point of the metal in process (I), and the remaining metal is contacted with the halogenated silane at temperature (T2) which is not lower than the melting point of the metal in process (II) to obtain silicon.    n=0-3;and    X=fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
NOVELTY - A solar cell device is formed by disposing a first amount of a first dopant within a region of a substrate; disposing a second amount of a second dopant within the region of the substrate after disposing the first dopant within the region where the first dopant has a higher atomic mass than the second dopant; and heating the substrate so that the first dopant diffuses a first depth within the substrate and the second dopant diffuses a second depth within the substrate where the second depth is deeper than the first depth.    USE - Method of forming a solar cell device.    ADVANTAGE - The method improves the efficiency of a solar cell in generating and maintaining electron-hole pairs from absorbed photons in the emitters and efficiency of driving the electrons and holes through the external electrical circuit with a load; and provides low contact resistance to minimize ohmic losses and isolation of the high surface recombination metal-semiconductor interlace from the junction to maximize cell voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method further comprises depositing a layer comprising silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum oxide on a surface of the substrate; and depositing a metal over the exposed portion of the substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawings are a process sequence of forming a high-low type emitters or alternating doping type emitters in a solar cell using a patterned screen dielectric layer as a mask.    Clean the substrate surface (102)    Deposit a screen dielectric layer on the substrate (104)    Pattern the screen dielectric layer on the substrate (106)    Deposit a capping and arc layer (112)    Heat the substrate to drive in the dopants (114)
NOVELTY - Production of hydrogen and sulfate comprises electrolyzing a solution including sulfur dioxide (SO2) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to produce hydrogen, using the photovoltage generated from single solar cell(s). The hydrogen is cathodically generated and collected from cell, while sulfate ions are anodically produced from sulfite ions. The resultant H2SO4 together with unreacted SO2 are recycled. The SO2 is sourced from an industrial process off-gas.    USE - Production of hydrogen and sulfate (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method can provide a more efficient system for hydrogen production; can be operated to reduce electrolysis cell potential to 0.6 V; and produces much greater current efficiency out of solar cell by optimizing the performance of cell to maximize current rather than power at given potential, which can be used to drive hybrid sulfur electrolysis. Sourcing SO2 from off-gas of an industrial process including metal smelting operations and/or power station emissions, simplifies and economizes the method. The single solar cell(s) can be directly mounted a top of electrolysis cell; thus eliminating circuiting and electrical losses between solar and electrolysis cells, and operating electrolysis cell at same current densities as the solar cell(s).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a system for producing hydrogen comprising electrolysis cell (12).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic process flow diagram of hybrid sulfur process.    Solar photovoltaic panel (10)    Electrolysis cell (12)    Catalyst-activated electrode (14)    Cathode (14A)    Anode (14B)
NOVELTY - A composite catalyst containing carbon carrier and platinum of fuel cell comprises carbon carrier, platinum and hydrogen tungsten bronze or hydrogen molybdenum bronze.    USE - The composite catalyst containing carbon carrier and platinum of fuel cell is useful for industrial applications.    ADVANTAGE - The composite catalyst containing carbon carrier and platinum of fuel cell has little platinum and high catalytic activity. It improves the electro-catalytic activity of the platinum catalyst, reduces the dosage of noble metal platinum, and increases the catalytic reduction reaction speed when there is methanol of some concentration. The method for preparing the catalyst has simple technique, convenient operating, easy control and low cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the preparation method of a composite catalyst containing carbon carrier and platinum of fuel cell.
NOVELTY - A device for preparing hydrogen by borohydride, comprises a water washing chamber, a raw material chamber provided in the water washing chamber, a reaction chamber provided on inner wall of the raw material chamber, a hydrogen outlet provided on top of the water washing chamber, a porous supporting layer provided in the reaction chamber, a switch valve provided between the raw material chamber and the bottom of reaction chamber, a semi-transparent film provided at the upper end of the raw material chamber, an open pore, and an air guide pipe.    USE - Device for preparing hydrogen by borohydride is used for reaction system of liquid or solid borohydride, and fuel battery.    ADVANTAGE - The device for preparing hydrogen by borohydride is simple and efficient, and has small size.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A device for preparing hydrogen by borohydride, comprises a water washing chamber, a raw material chamber provided in the water washing chamber, a reaction chamber provided on inner wall of the raw material chamber, a hydrogen outlet provided on top of the water washing chamber, a porous supporting layer provided in the reaction chamber, a switch valve provided between the raw material chamber and the bottom of reaction chamber, a semi-transparent film provided at the upper end of the raw material chamber, an open pore provided on wall of the reaction chamber between liquid surface of the raw material chamber and the semi-transparent film, and an air guide pipe provided on the wall of raw material chamber between the semi-transparent film and the top of raw material chamber. The outlet of air guide pipe is lower than the liquid surface of water washing chamber.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a protective layer formed of a transparent member and placed on a main surface of a solar cell (10) from a set of solar cells, where the protective layer is made of a resin material. A wiring member (20) is placed on the main surface, where the main surface is exposed in a region that surrounds the protective layer. The solar cells directly convert clean and inexhaustibly supplied sunlight into electricity. A thin wire electrode (13) and a connecting electrode (14) are respectively formed on a light receiving surface and a back surface of the solar cells.    USE - Method for manufacturing a solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The main surface is exposed in the region that surrounds the protective layer, thus avoiding overflow of a transparent member to outside of the main surface even when the transparent member forms the protective layer with high fluidity, thus preventing faulty connection between the wiring members, and hence avoiding reduction in production efficiency of the solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a solar cell module comprising a set of solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a solar cell module.    Solar cell (10)    Thin wire electrode (13)    Connecting electrode (14)    Wiring member (20)    Solar cell module (100)
NOVELTY - The laminator (1) has a laminating chamber (3) with a component support (4)accommodating a stack of components. An elastic and/or flexible pressing membrane (2) is mounted in the chamber above the support relative to the support in a pressure-tight manner. The membrane separates a lower chamber space (31) from an upper chamber space (32). The lower space is closed in air-tight manner and is evacuated and is aerated. A heating element (51) is implemented integrally with the membrane for heating the components. Multiple temperature sensors are assigned to the heating elements    USE - Laminator for lamination of components e.g. solar cell modules or laminated glass panes, by combined application of pressing force and heat.    ADVANTAGE - The heating element is implemented integrally with the membrane for heating the components thus producing heat at a place i.e. below the membrane on a layer of component stack, and hence heat path is short and heat loss is less while heating of the layer of the stack in fast and effective manner while reducing danger of overheating and danger of wastages. The laminator is designed such that heat input, cycle time and energy consumption are reduced so as to facilitate cost-effective production of the laminator while increasing durability and service life of the heating element and the pressing membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for lamination of a stack of components.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a laminator.    Laminator (1)    Pressing membrane (2)    Laminating chamber (3)    Component support (4)    Heating device (5)    Lower chamber space (31)    Upper chamber space (32)    Heating element (51)
NOVELTY - A porous carbon material is manufactured by adding carbonaceous powder to resin solution made by dissolving 0.5-5 weight part dispersing agent and thermosetting resin in water or organic solvent, stirring and processing to prepare slurry with viscosity of 0.5-8 Pa.s, pouring slurry into molding filtration container, filtering under pressure to produce cake-like casting, drying cake-like casting, heat-hardening thermosetting resin component and baking at 800-3000 degrees C in nonoxidizing atmosphere.    USE - Manufacture of porous carbon material used as filter material, carbon sliding material, and for supporting catalyst, oilless bearing, air ejection part of conveyor, and humidification part of internal humidification type fuel cell. Can also be used for air cleaning and water purification.    ADVANTAGE - Is manufactured simply, and with favorable material strength.
NOVELTY - A benzo(c)fluorene derivative (1), is new.    USE - New benzo(c)fluorene derivative is used for light emitting layer, hole transport layer and positive hole injection layer for organic electroluminescent element (all claimed) used for organic photoconductor, electrophotographic photoreceptor, photoelectric transducer, solar cell and image sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The organic electroluminescent element formed using the benzo(c)fluorene derivative has excellent power efficiency and low drive voltage.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A benzo(c)fluorene derivative of formula (1), is new.    R1,R2=H, 1-18C linear, branched or cyclic alkyl group, 1-18C linear, branched or cyclic alkoxy group, 6-24C aryl group, aryloxy group or halogen;    Ar1=(un)substituted (aryl group or heteroaryl group);and    Ar2=(un)substituted (arylene group or heteroarylene group).    R1 and R2 combine together to form a ring. Ar1 and Ar2 are bonded with nitrogen atom to form nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring.
NOVELTY - A benzo(c)fluorene derivative is new.    USE - New benzo(c)fluorene derivative for organic electroluminescent element (claimed) used for flat light source or display, or organic photoconductors e.g. electrophotographic photoreceptor, photoelectric transducer, solar cell or image sensor. The benzo(c)fluorene derivative may be used as photosensitive material, organic photoconducting material, hole transport material, hole injection material or luminescent material.    ADVANTAGE - Has high hole transport capability, and is useful in drive voltage reduction and power efficiency increase of organic electroluminescent element.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A benzo(c)fluorene derivative of formula (1) is new. (JP2009040731A-001)    R1,R2=H, 1-18C alkyl, 1-18C alkoxy, 6-24C aryl, aryloxy or halo;    R1+R2=may form a ring;    Ar1=optionally substituted (except with NH2) aryl or heteroaryl, or heterocyclic ring; and    Ar2=arylene or hetero arylene.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an organic electroluminescent element comprising benzo(c)fluorene derivative contained in light emitting layer, hole transport layer and/or positive hole injection layer.
NOVELTY - A hydrogen supply body comprises finely reduced iron particles which carries out chemical adsorption of predetermined amount of sulfur atom.    USE - Hydrogen supply body for hydrogen fuel battery of motor vehicle and noncommercial cogeneration installation.    ADVANTAGE - Is safe and inexpensive.
NOVELTY - The plate-shaped metal porous structure (23) is made from the electroconductive fiber. The pore layer (23b) is arranged in the surface of metal porous structure containing electroconductive particles.    USE - Porous structure for fuel cell (claimed) used in electric vehicle and portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The porosity and gas-permeability can be improved reliably.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) fuel cell; and    (2) manufacturing method of porous structure of fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional views of the porous structure. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Metal porous structure (23)    Pore layer (23b)    Metal-particle section (23b1)    Base layer (23b11)    Surface layer (23b12)
NOVELTY - The method involves applying layers of metal electrode, preferably copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) absorber layer and cadmium sulfide buffer layer on a foil. The cadmium sulfide buffer layer is applied such that a reaction solution is supplied from a reservoir of cadmium ion, thiourea and ammonia at 11-13 pH value and at 25-70 degrees C on a substrate, which is bypassed with an inclination angle from 0-45 degree at a storage vessel (1).    USE - Method for producing flexible thin section solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method involves applying layers of metal electrode, preferably copper-indium-gallium-diselenide (CIGS) absorber layer and cadmium sulfide buffer layer on a foil, and hence ensures production of flexible thin section solar cells in an economical manner by reducing the reaction solution, and also ensures environmental compatibility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a device for manufacturing flexible thin film solar cells, which comprise a storage vessel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the device.    Storage vessel (1)    Chute (2)    Reaction mixture (3)    Disposed layer (4)    Substrate (5)
NOVELTY - A nano titanium dioxide particle coating which is epitaxially grown on board does not have gap, amorphous phase and impurity phase between board and coating phase, does not have gap, amorphous phase and impurity phase inside, and does not include organic component and moisture content.    USE - A nano titanium dioxide particle coating for anatase titanium dioxide crystal coating material (claimed), e.g. molecule sensor, gas sensor, solution sensor, dye-sensitized solar cell, photocatalyst coating, stain-resistant coating, fog prevention coating and super hydrophilic surface coating used for metal corrosion prevention film, electronic device, optical device, catalyst, stain-resistant film, fog prevention film, grating and gate oxide.    ADVANTAGE - The nano titanium dioxide particle coating maintains corrugated shape of substrate face and visible light transmittance of substrate, avoids mixing of impurity, forms without passing through a high temperature heating processing at hundreds of degrees C, and has firm anchoring force.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of manufacturing nano titanium dioxide particle coating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the nano titanium dioxide coating.
NOVELTY - The metal air fuel cell stack comprises multiple independent cathode assemblies (100) each having an air cathode (101), a metal plate (103) opposite to the cathode, and a corrugated metal plate (105). The corrugated metal plate maintains the distance between the air cathode and the metal plate. Multiple independent anode assemblies are provided, which have a gelling agent and metal fuel. A cell casing is provided, in which the cathode assemblies. The anode assemblies are received alternately. A tightening member are also provided on one side of the casing.    USE - Metal air fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The metal air fuel cell stack ensures good easy coupling and decoupling of electrodes, good electric conductivity, and improved performance, minimized resistive loss, and contacted adhesivity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a metal air fuel cell stack.    Cathode assemblies (100)    Air cathode (101)    Metal plate (103)    Corrugated metal plate (105)    Conductive rubber coating layer (106)
NOVELTY - A carbazole-containing compound (1), is new.    USE - Novel carbazole-containing compound is used for film used in organic electronic device such as organic photoreceptor, organic solar cell, organic electroluminescent element and organic transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The carbazole-containing compound has high thermal stability and electric charge injection property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A carbazole-containing compound of formula (1), is new.    A=(un)substituted hydrocarbon, or (un)substituted hydrocarbon having silicon;    R1-R14=H, (un)substituted alkyl, (un)substituted aryl, or (un)substituted aralkyl;    Y1,Y2=(un)substituted aromatic group, (un)substituted alkylene, group having element chosen from oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, silicon, germanium and tin, or group formed by connecting (un)substituted aromatic group and group having element chosen from oxygen, sulfur, phosphorus, boron, silicon, germanium and tin;and    m,n=0 or 1.    The carbazole group linking through Y1 is connected with R5, R6 or R7. The carbazole group linking through Y2 is connected with R12, R13 or R14.
NOVELTY - A microwave absorption layer (20) is positioned in a surface (11) of a substrate (10) that has another surface (12) facing the surface (11). A material layer (30) is coated on the surface (12). The microwave is irradiated to the material layer and a transparent conductive layer (31) is obtained.    USE - Formation method of transparent conductive layer used for transparent heater, heat reflective glass, display element and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive layer with low electrical resistance value can be formed reliably by irradiation of microwave and the irradiated microwave utilization efficiency is enhanced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for formation method of laminated structure.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view illustrating process of forming transparent conductive layer. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Substrate (10)    Surfaces of substrate (11,12)    Microwave absorption layer (20)    Material layer (30)    Transparent conductive layer (31)
NOVELTY - A battery cooling device (60) cools a fuel cell using a refrigerant (66). A reactor case (32) accommodates a reactor (30) which is used in a power supply circuit for voltage conversion. The reactor is cooled by the refrigerant used for the battery cooling device.    USE - Reactor cooling system for use in vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - A coil comprising the reactor is directly cooled by the refrigerant. Thus, the cooling property can be improved and an increase in the eddy current loss is suppressed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the reactor cooling system.    Reactor cooling system (20)    Reactor (30)    Reactor case (32)    Core (34)    Coil (36)    Cooling device (60)    Refrigerant (66)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has strip-shaped film substrate (1) wound in unwinding roller (2), which is sent to several film formation chambers (6) having vacuum state. The substrate is discharged between ground electrode that opposes chamber and application electrode having target material. The intermediate chamber (8) has guide roller (7) that conveys substrate between chambers. The temperature of substrate between chamber in the front stage and guide roller is 170 ? oC while distance between exit (6a) of chamber in front stage and guide roller is set to 0.6 m.    USE - Thin film solar cell production apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of the wrinkles in the film substrate is prevented, and the temperature of the substrate is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the thin film solar cell production apparatus.    Film substrate (1)    Unwinding roller (2)    Film formation chamber (6)    Exit (6a)    Guide roller (7)    Intermediate chamber (8)
NOVELTY - The gas gate (10) divides several film formation chambers (20). An electrode (3) is positioned inside the gas gate. The strip shaped substrate (4) is conveyed by the rotation of the roller (2) in the longitudinal direction. The dielectric material (1) is formed between the electrode and the strip shaped substrate. The strip-shaped substrate is pressed against a roller by supplying alternating current to the roller.    USE - Apparatus for producing semiconductor thin film element for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The mixing of the gas between the film formation chambers is prevented and a high quality semiconductor thin film element is obtained easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the semiconductor thin film element production apparatus.    Dielectric material (1)    Roller (2)    Electrode (3)    Strip shaped substrate (4)    Gas gate (10)    Film formation chambers (20)
NOVELTY - Acidic solution containing nickel and basic solution containing molybdenum are mixed at 50-90 degrees C, such that the pH of the solution is 6-8, and reacted, to obtain desulfurizing agent.    USE - Manufacture of agent used for desulfurizing raw material and mineral fuel for modification of hydrocarbon and hydrogen used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method easily and efficiently manufactures agent having excellent desulfurizing efficiency.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil contains aromatic compound having side chain and sulfur compound. The sulfur compound has boiling point of 330-334 degrees C. The sulfur content derived from sulfur compound is 1 mass ppm or less. The fuel oil has total sulfur content of 80 mass ppm or less, aromatic content of 20 volume% or less, initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C, and 95%-distillation temperature of 270 degrees C or less, measured using distillation curve.    USE - Fuel oil is used for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil provides fuel cell system having excellent workability and durability.
NOVELTY - The fuel oil has an initial boiling point of 135 to 170 degrees Celsius, and a 95% distillation temperature which is 270 degrees Celsius or less according to a distillation curve. The sulfur content derived from the sulfur compound where naphthene benzene exceeds 10 volume % or less, and a boiling point which is from 330 to 334 degrees Celsius is 1 mass ppm or less, and the amount of total sulfur is 80 mass ppm or less.    USE - Fuel oil for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Driving of a fuel cell system is stably continuable for a long period of time by suppressing generation of a gaseous state by-product. Desulfurizing agent of a desulfurization processing of the fuel oil for fuel cell can be used for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil has initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C, 95% distillation temperature of 270 or less, sulfur content in sulfur compound of 1 mass ppm or less, naphthene benzene content of 10 volume% or less, total sulfur content of 1 mass ppm or less and molecular weight of 184-218 g/mol.    USE - Fuel oil is used for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil suppresses generation of gas byproduct in fuel cell, and provides continuous driving of fuel cell system stably for long period of time.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil contains 16C or more paraffin hydrocarbon (3 mass% or less) and sulfur compound. The sulfur compound has sulfur content of 1 mass ppm or less and boiling point of 330-334 degrees C. The total sulfur content in the fuel oil is 80 mass ppm or less. The fuel oil has initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C and 95% distillation temperature of 270 degrees C or less in the distillation curve.    USE - Fuel oil such for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil provides the fuel cell with excellent stability for long period of time. The generation of gaseous hydrocarbon as byproduct is efficiently suppressed.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil contains 3 mass% or less of 16C or more paraffin hydrocarbons and sulfur compound, and has initial boiling point of 137-170 degrees C and 270 degrees C or less of 95% distillation temperature. The content of sulfur in sulfur compound in 184-218 g/mol molecular weight is 1 mass ppm or less, and the total content of sulfur is 80 mass ppm or less.    USE - Fuel oil is used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil is prevented from precipitation of carbon. The durability of desulfurizing agent in fuel oil is maintained for a long period of time. The fuel comprising fuel oil has excellent durability.
NOVELTY - The fuel oil has an initial boiling point of 135 to 170 degrees Celsius, and a 95% distillation temperature which is 270 degrees Celsius or less according to a distillation curve. The sulfur content derived from the sulfur compound where content of a peroxide exceeds 100 mass ppm or less, and a boiling point ranges from 330 to 334 degrees Celsius is 1 mass ppm or less, and the amount of total sulfur is 80 mass ppm or less.    USE - Fuel oil for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - Desulfurizing agent in a desulfurization processing of the fuel oil for fuel cell can be used for a long period of time, and driving of a fuel cell system is stably continuable for a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A fuel oil has an initial boiling point of 135-170 degrees C, a 95% distillation temperature of 270 degrees C or less as measured using distillation curve, a peroxide content of 160 mass ppm or less, a total sulfur content of 80 mass ppm or less, and a sulfur content of 1 mass ppm or less with respect to sulfur compound having a molecular weight of 184-218 g/mol.    USE - Fuel oil is used for fuel cells using petroleum-type hydrocarbon oil.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel oil reduces the replacement frequency of desulfurizing agent used in a fuel-cell system, and enables stable driving of fuel-cell systems over a long period of time.
NOVELTY - A winding-up chamber (5) has a winding-up roll (4) that winds up the film board (1). A sending chamber (3) has an unwinding roll (2) with the film board in roll shape. Several film forming chambers (6-1-6-3) forms the metal thin film in the film board. The temperature of heaters (11-3-11-6) of downstream film forming chambers (6-2,6-3) are set lower than the temperature of the heaters (11-1,11-2) of upstream film forming chambers (6-1).    USE - Production apparatus of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of the conveyance wrinkles produced in the film board by the guide roller can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the production apparatus of thin film solar cell.    Film board (1)    Unwinding roll (2)    Sending chamber (3)    Winding-up roll (4)    Winding-up chamber (5)    Film forming chambers (6-1-6-3)    Heaters (11-1-11-6)
NOVELTY - A membrane electrode assembly (20) has an electrolytic membrane (100) with proton conductivity, a cathode electrode catalyst layer (101) formed on a surface of the electrolytic membrane and an anode electrode catalyst layer (102) formed on the other surface of the electrolytic membrane. The membrane electrode assembly is provided with an intermediate portion (110) having affinity with platinum formed using a material provided between platinum supporting electrode catalyst layer and the electrolytic membrane.    USE - Membrane electrode assembly is used for fuel cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell formed using the membrane electrode assembly has excellent performance. The deterioration of electrolytic membrane in the membrane electrode assembly is suppressed.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A membrane electrode assembly has an electrolytic membrane with proton conductivity, a cathode electrode catalyst layer formed on a surface of the electrolytic membrane and an anode electrode catalyst layer formed on the other surface of the electrolytic membrane. The membrane electrode assembly is provided with an intermediate portion having affinity with platinum formed using a material provided between platinum supporting electrode catalyst layer with respect to cathode electrode catalyst layer and anode electrode catalyst layer, and the electrolytic membrane. The cathode electrode catalyst layer supports platinum. The intermediate portion is formed using electroconductive material containing platinum, titanium, iridium and/or osmium.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the fuel cell.    Membrane electrode assembly (20)    Electrolytic membrane (100)    Cathode electrode catalyst layer (101)    Anode electrode catalyst layer (102)    Intermediate portion (110)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell is separated into two fuel cells. One of the fuel cell operates from normal temperature to 80 degrees C and another fuel cell operates from 80 degrees C to 200 degrees C.    USE - Direct ethanol type fuel cell for portable electronic device.    ADVANTAGE - The output characteristics of the fuel cell is improved. The fuel cell is operated efficiently.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the fuel cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Cell stack (101)    Membrane electrode assembly (201,211)    Housing (202,203)    Fuel flow path (212)    Oxidizing agent flow path (213)
NOVELTY - The micro-fractures are generated on the surface of substrate (11) made of borosilicate glass sheet. The surface of substrate to be textured is etched using hydrofluoric acid. The abrading of substrate to be textured is performed with abrasive grit. The baking or blowing process with dry nitrogen is performed after etching process. The grit is made of silicon carbide powder, aluminum oxide, corundum, cubic boron nitride, boron carbide, zirconia/alumina alloys, crushed glass, glass beads, olivine sand, perlite graded sand, cut metal wire, or steel grit.    USE - Method for texturing substrate surface for thin film solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Acid etch time is optimized to open the micro cracks and to remove the fractured glass inclusions while retaining sufficient fine texture for good light trapping. Performance of the solar cell is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the substrate.    Substrate (11)    Vacuum chuck (12)    Vacuum chamber (13)    Hole (14)    Vacuum hose (15)
NOVELTY - A solid oxide cell has support layer, electrode layer (A), electrolyte layer and electrode layer (B). The electrode layers comprise electrolyte material, catalyst and agglomerated particles chosen from alkali oxide, earth alkali oxide and transition metal oxide.    USE - Solid oxide cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solid oxide cell is excellent in durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solid oxide cell has support layer, electrode layer (A), electrolyte layer and electrode layer (B). The electrode layers comprise electrolyte material, catalyst and agglomerated particles chosen from alkali oxide, earth alkali oxide and transition metal oxide. The electrodes (A and B) are anode or cathode, and vice-versa. The electrolyte material is an oxide ion conductor chosen from doped zirconia, doped ceria, doped gallate and proton conducting ceramic electrolyte. The solid oxide cell further comprises impurity sink layer between support layer and anode layer and/or cathode layer. The impurity sink layer comprises agglomerated particles. The agglomerated particles of electrode layers and impurity sink layer comprise oxide chosen from alumina, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide, calcium-zirconium oxide, strontium-zirconium oxide, barium-zirconium oxide and their mixture. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for formation of solid oxide cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the microstructure of multilayer structure.
NOVELTY - A horizontal magnetic field is generated on the surface of the target. The target is sputtered by applying sputter voltage of 340 V or less to the target provided with the forming material of transparent conductive film, and transparent conductive film containing zinc oxide as main compositional element is formed on substrate. The forming material contains aluminum-containing substance. The sputtering is carried out using oxygen gas.    USE - Formation of transparent conductive film used for solar cell and light emitting diode.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent conductive film having excellent heat resistance, is efficiently formed.
NOVELTY - An electrode catalyst layer contains an electrode catalyst comprising a metal oxide. The metal oxide is obtained by thermally decomposing a metal organic compound.    USE - Electrode catalyst layer is used for membrane electrode assembly used for fuel cell such as polymer electrolyte fuel cell (all claimed), molten-carbonate fuel cell, phosphoric acid fuel cell and solid oxide fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode catalyst layer has excellent oxygen reducing ability, stability and corrosion resistance.
NOVELTY - A conveyor (4) conveys a substrate relative to a mounting frame (1). A floatation apparatus (2) is provided in the frame at the front and back regions of laser processing area for making the substrate float by blowing the gas towards the bottom face of substrate. A dust collection nozzle (7) is provided near the laser irradiation region of substrate. A laser irradiation apparatus (5) irradiates the laser on the substrate passing through the processing area, in the floating state of substrate.    USE - Laser processing machine for use in manufacture of solar cell panel, organic electroluminescent display, plasma display, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The damage of the substrate due to roughness/burr in the mounting surface is prevented, since the floatation apparatus makes the substrate float. The scattering of dust generated during laser irradiation and the re-settling of dust on processed surface are prevented by dust collection nozzle. Hence the efficient laser processing is enabled.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a laser processing machine.    Mounting frame (1)    Floatation apparatus (2)    Conveyor (4)    Laser irradiation apparatus (5)    Dust collection nozzle (7)
NOVELTY - Production of polycrystalline silicon rods, comprises reacting trichlorosilane in a Siemens-reactor and separating silicon to thin rods, where silicon tetrachloride is used as a primary raw material, which is converted in a first procedure step to trichlorosilane, subsequently the trichlorosilane is supplied together with hydrogen in a Siemens reactor and polycrystalline silicon is separated to doped silicon thin rods, where the silicon thin rods are subsequently heated by direct passage of current.    USE - The method is useful for the production of polycrystalline silicon, preferably for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The polycrystalline silicon rods are economically produced by doping the silicon thin rods in such a manner that the separated silicon rods can be used directly as basic material for the production of multi-crystalline or single-crystal silicon crystals.
NOVELTY - An apparatus for converting carbohydrates in body of a mammal, comprises pair of electrodes for placement in fluid contact with body fluid comprising one or more monosaccharides, and electrical conduits for conducting electricity generated by the electrodes when in contact with the body fluid.    USE - The apparatus is useful for converting carbohydrates in body fluids of digestive tract, small intestine and duodenum of mammal (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus for converting carbohydrates in body of mammal, is safe and prevents obesity.
NOVELTY - The method involves positioning solar cells on a displaceable mold table (5), according to a location provided in a solar module, and fixing the cells by low-pressure. The cells are coated with flowable plastic i.e. polyolefin plastisol, by curtain coating or a coating knife. An outer protective cover is arranged on the cells in an arch-shaped and bubble-free manner by sticking. The flowable plastic is coated on a rear side of the solar cells by the curtain coating or the coating knife, and an inner plastic layer is hardened under thermal effect after applying an inner protective cover.    USE - Method for producing a solar module i.e. photovoltaic module, for generating electricity from sunlight.    ADVANTAGE - The outer protective cover is arranged on the solar cells in an arch-shaped and bubble-free manner by sticking. The flowable plastic is coated on the rear side of the solar cells by the curtain coating or the coating knife, and the inner plastic layer is hardened under thermal effect after applying the inner protective cover, thus producing a high quality solar module with reduced labor costs.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a system for producing a solar module, comprising a casting device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a system for automatically producing a solar module using plastisol for encapsulation of solar cells.    Casting slot (4)    Displaceable mold table (5)    Rail (6)    Solar module part (10)    Heating device (14)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor light emitting element has a reflection layer (18) formed along side of semiconductor layer (12) which is formed on a support substrate (10). A sealing portion has a region (19b) with fluorescent substance formed on upper surface of the semiconductor layer and region (19a) without fluorescent substance formed along side of semiconductor substrate.    USE - Semiconductor light emitting element such as LED, solar cell, photosensor for full-color display, signal display machine, image scanner, light source for optical disk unit, power device and printing press.    ADVANTAGE - The optical coupling efficiency can be obtained and desired color mixture light can be acquired by forming a region with fluorescent substance on upper surface of semiconductor layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacturing method of semiconductor light emitting element.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic sectional view of the semiconductor light emitting element.    Support substrate (10)    Semiconductor layer (12)    Reflection layer (18)    Region without fluorescent substance (19a)    Region with fluorescent substance (19b)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a linear current collection electrode (7) formed on the non-light receiving surface side of a translucent board (1). The current collection electrode extends in the non-light receiving surface side of a catalyst layer (5), such that the catalyst layer is penetrated with respect to a porous semiconductor layer (3) to contact with a transparent conductive layer (2).    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell for use in dye-sensitized solar module (claimed) used in silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of electric current per unit area is increased while reducing the non-electric current generation area.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for dye-sensitized solar module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic plan view of light receiving surface and schematic sectional view of solar cell.    Board (1)    Conductive layer (2)    Porous semiconductor layer (3)    Catalyst layer (5)    Linear current collection electrode (7)
NOVELTY - A negative electrode (10) has a resin substrate (11), and a transparent conductive film (12) and porous layer (13) formed on a surface of the resin substrate. The transparent conductive film contains resin particles (14).    USE - Negative electrode is used for dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The negative electrode has excellent peeling-proof property, and provides solar cell having excellent output characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the negative electrode.    Negative electrode (10)    Resin Substrate (11)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Porous layer (13)    Resin particles (14)
NOVELTY - A nanoporous product has sequential laminate of anodized aluminum layer (101), anodized diffusion layer (102) and electrode layer (103). The nanoporous product contains several pores, in which atleast 60% of pores are extended through anodized aluminum layer and anodized diffusion layer.    USE - Nanoporous product is used for electrodeposition of nanomaterials such as metals, semiconductors and metal alloy used for drug delivery, bioencapsulation, optoelectronic device and nanoscale fabrication, and for biofuel cell, nanowire synthesis, quantum dot synthesis, magnetic memory array, solar cell, carbon nanotube synthesis, chemical and biological sensor, and photodetector.    ADVANTAGE - The nanoporous product enables efficient electrodeposition of nanomaterials.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A nanoporous product has sequential laminate of anodized aluminum layer (101), anodized diffusion layer (102) and electrode layer (103). The nanoporous product contains several pores, in which atleast 60% of pores are extended through anodized aluminum layer and anodized diffusion layer. The diffusion layer comprises titanium, tantalum, niobium, zirconium, chromium or their oxide, preferably titanium or its oxide and tantalum or its oxide. The electrode layer comprises platinum, gold, silver, copper, palladium, osmium, rhodium or their oxide, transparent conducting oxide or in-doped tin oxide, preferably platinum or its oxide and gold or its oxide. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) preparation of nanoporous product; and    (2) monitoring pore formation in nanoporous product.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of multilayer film.    Aluminum layer (101)    Diffusion layer (102)    Electrode layer (103)
NOVELTY - A hydraulic ballast structure comprises input port (52); output port (58) through which prespecified output flow rate is required; and ballasting array of columns (56) disposed between input and output ports, and having cross-sectional column extent, column pitch, and array length selected based on required output flow rate to produce prespecified pressure drop that enforces required output flow rate.    USE - A hydraulic ballast structure for fluidic element array (claimed) useful for electrospray applications, chemical reactor applications, fuel cell configurations, biological cell and tissue environments, liquid delivery by solid or hollow needle and fluid spouting.    ADVANTAGE - For wide range of fluidic applications, the ballast structure enables implementation of particular and prespecified pressure drop and controlled flow rate for given operational dimensions and environment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The ballasting array columns comprise microelectronic material, silicon and carbon nanotube(s); and are disposed on semiconductor substrate comprising silicon substrate, polymer substrate, ceramic substrate or metallic substrate. The ballasting array columns include metal coating; dielectric coating comprising oxide or nitride coating; polysilicon coating; or plastic coating. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fluidic element array.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective view of an electrospray emitter including ballasting array in channel of emitter.    Electrospray emitter (48)    Input port (52)    Reservoir (54)    Ballasting array of columns (56)    Output port (58)    Electrode (61)    Bias voltage (63)    Cone (65)
NOVELTY - Resin and dispersing agent are diluted by diluents, powder precursor formed using copper indium sulfide and copper sulfide is mixed to form precursor paste. Precursor paste is distributed to form copper sulfide-doped copper indium sulfide absorption layer. The obtained layer is heated, oxidized, added into graphite box having sulfur powder, heated, burned sulfur powder is converted into sulfur gas, combined with copper sulfide-doped copper indium sulfide absorption layer and sulfidized, to obtain thin film solar cell absorber.    USE - Manufacture of thin film solar cell absorber used for solar battery such as photoelectric battery for converting solar energy into power.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables formation of highly dense copper indium sulfide layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Resin and dispersing agent are prepared, diluted by diluents and powder precursor formed using copper indium sulfide and copper sulfide is mixed to form precursor paste. The precursor paste is distributed to form a copper sulfide-doped copper indium sulfide absorption layer. The copper sulfide-doped copper indium sulfide absorption layer is heated by hot plate at 200-350 degrees C for 20-50 minutes, combined with oxygen in air and oxidized. The oxidized layer is added into graphite box having sulfur powder, heated, burned sulfur powder is converted into sulfur gas, combined with copper sulfide-doped copper indium sulfide absorption layer and sulfidized, to obtain thin film solar cell absorber. The powder precursor is ground using triple roll miller.
NOVELTY - A hydrophilic membrane comprises porous membrane carrier and hydrophilic coating impregnated in membrane. The coating comprises covalently bound inorganic-organic hybrid material. The coating is prepared from hydrophilic coating composition comprising inorganic-organic hybrid material with reactive groups, where inorganic part being metaloxide oligomer.    USE - The hydrophilic membrane is useful in water purification including molecular separations, like particle filtration, micro filtration, ultra filtration, nano filtration, and reverse osmosis; electrochemical applications including electrodialysis, electrodeionization and fuel cells; for controlled release applications including pharmaceutical and nutraceutical components; and for pertraction, pervaporation and contactor applications (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The membrane maintains stability, and exhibits higher water flux of a least 5000 L/m2-hour-bar compared to conventional membrane.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method for preparing the hydrophilic membrane comprising coating membrane carrier with coating composition comprising hydrophilic components with reactive groups, and organic solvent which is evaporated before cure; and    (2) a method of tuning pore size for hydrophilic membranes comprising using membrane carrier with certain pore size, and epoxy based coating composition with crosslink density.
NOVELTY - Hollow microsphere comprising a porous circumferential wall comprised of nanofilaments, is claimed.    USE - The microspheres are useful: for filtering contaminated water; and as a catalyst, chromatographic material light-weight structural material, thermal insulators, acoustic insulators or electrical insulators, where the catalyst is useful for: cleaning contaminated water, hydrogen production, cracking oil, energy production or manufacturing solar cells (all claimed), where the contaminated water includes wastewater, raw water, sewage including municipal, agricultural, industrial and other kinds of contaminated water.    ADVANTAGE - The microsphere uses titanium dioxide, as photocatalytic material, which due to its spherical shape and size does not damage the surface of filtration membranes in a membrane reactor. The hollow microspheres made of titanium dioxide nanofilaments are used to avoid irreversible membrane fouling because they inhibit the small particles dissolved in wastewater to clog the pores of filtration membranes. The titanium dioxide allows the passage of water through the filtration membrane due to its hollow and porous structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of manufacturing at least one hollow microsphere, comprising spray drying a suspension of a surfactant and nanofilaments; and    (2) a method for cleaning contaminated water, comprising filtering the contaminated water through a compartment comprising hollow microspheres, which are made of a photocatalytic material.
NOVELTY - Method for manufacturing an organic/inorganic hybrid material, comprises: providing a copolymer and a metal alkoxide oligomer; and processing a sol-gel reaction to form an organic/inorganic hybrid material, where the copolymer is co-polymerized from methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylamide, and styrene.    USE - (I) is useful in high light extraction efficient LED sealing materials, thin and light myopia/hypropia lens, portable projector lens, high brightness LCD prism films, solar cell refractive photoelectric conversion mirrors, and camera phone/digital camera lens (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) has a high refractive index (greater than 1.67), low moisture absorption (less than 0.5%), a high light transmission ratio (greater than 88%), and a glass transfer temperature (greater than 160 degrees C).    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the organic/inorganic hybrid material, comprising: (a) a copolymer; and (b) a metal alkoxide oligomer, where the copolymer and the metal alkoxide oligomer are crosslinked by a sol-gel reaction to form a reticular structure.
NOVELTY - A non-platinum catalyst is obtained by providing iridium element (1-80 weight%) and transition metal element(s) (1-80 weight%) on catalyst carrier. The iridium element comprises iridium metal, iridium in oxidation state and mixture containing iridium and other elements. The transition metal element comprises elements of group B or VIII group. The catalyst carrier is aluminum oxide, monox or carbon carrier.    USE - Non-platinum catalyst used as anode catalyst and cathode catalyst for fuel cells such as proton exchange membrane fuel cell, methanol fuel cell, methanoic acid fuel cell, ethanol fuel cell and high-temperature fuel cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The non-platinum catalyst has excellent activity and stability, and is manufactured efficiently, economically and easily with excellent productivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A non-platinum catalyst is obtained by providing iridium element (1-80 weight%) and transition metal element(s) (1-80 weight%) on catalyst carrier. The iridium element comprises iridium metal, iridium in oxidation state and mixture containing iridium and other elements. The transition metal element comprises elements of group B or VIII group. The catalyst carrier is aluminum oxide, monox or carbon carrier. The transition metal element is titanium, vanadium, manganese, iron, cobalt, chromium, nickel, copper, palladium, osmium, silver, gold and zinc. The carbon carrier comprises active carbon, graphite, carbon soot, carbon nano-tube, carbon nanofiber and/or carbon nanohorn. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of non-platinum catalyst.
NOVELTY - A silicon bulk polycrystal ingot is produced by cast growing method, and has 30% or less of random grain boundary with respect to total crystal grain boundary in bottom portion vicinity.    USE - Silicon bulk polycrystal ingot is used for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The silicon bulk polycrystal ingot has excellent quality and homogeneity.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming n-type layer of solar cell by forming one n-type layer into a film on i-type amorphous silicon layer. Another n-type layer is formed into a film on the one n-type layer. One n-type layer is formed under a predetermined condition that the foundation substrate (1) on which solar cell is built is formed with high crystallization rate, rather than during formation of another n-type layer.    USE - Manufacturing method of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Another n-type layer can be formed efficiently on one n-type layer, with desired crystallization rate and without reducing the film processing speed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of solar cell.    Substrate (1)    Transparent electrode layer (2)    Photoelectric converting layer (3)    Back surface electrode layer (4)
NOVELTY - A photosensitive glass plate contains glass powder and photosensitive organic component. Refractive index of glass obtained by baking glass powder is 2 or more. The glass powder is bismuth system glass powder containing (in wt.%, based on oxide conversion) silica (3-15), bismuth oxide (70-91), boric oxide (5-20), zinc oxide (1-10) and zirconium oxide (0-3).    USE - Photosensitive glass plate is used for micro lens array (claimed) for imaging optical system of on-chip color filters used in facsimile, electronic copier, liquid crystal display, optical coupling optical element, image input device and solid-state image sensor, optical medium of optical fiber connector and lens for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photosensitive glass plate provides micro lenses having improved light reception efficiency, reduced thickness and power consumption.
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic solar cell (12) comprises composite film that includes luminescent materials; micron-sized silicon particles embedded in the film; and matrix. The film and matrix form a composite light scattering and spectrum-converting layer, and have different refractive indices. The luminescent materials convert short wavelength, high energy light, and unabsorbed, predominately long wavelength. Light passes through the solar cell and enters the composite light scattering and spectrum-converting layer for conversion by the micron-sized silicon particles.    USE - Photovoltaic solar cell for improved conversion of solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is inexpensive and easy to manufacture in large quantities. It is capable of increasing a path length of light by embedding small particles of spectral changing material in a matrix of high index material on a face of the solar cell on which light is incident.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a diagrammatic view of a thin film amorphous silicon solar cell and the composite film.    UV light (6)    Visible light (8)    Raman shifting layer (10)    Solar cell (12)    Support structure (13)    Anti-reflection coating (16)
NOVELTY - A semiconductor device is prepared by growth process (S1) which grows group III-V compound semiconductor layer on substrate, making periphery of group III-V compound semiconductor layer into first atmosphere having arsenic atom, first heat treatment process (S2) which heats semiconductor layer at first temperature higher than growth temperature in growth process, making periphery of semiconductor layer into second atmosphere or vacuum atmosphere which does not contain hydride, second heat treatment process (S3) which heats semiconductor layer at second temperature lower than first temperature.    USE - Preparation of semiconductor device e.g. semiconductor optical amplifier, semiconductor light modulator, photodiode, solar cell and sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The group III-V compound semiconductor crystal of semiconductor device has favorable crystallinity.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart of the preparation of semiconductor device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Growth process (S1)    First heat treatment process (S2)    Second heat treatment process (S3)    Post process (S4)
NOVELTY - The photovoltaic device comprises several nanowires, where the diameter of nanowire is between 50-300 nm and length of nanowire is between 10-100 microns. The base of the nanowire is electrically connected to one end of conductor. Portion of the surface of nanowires extend into the conducting material. An insulator layer made of alumina prevents electric current path from the physical surface of nanowires to the conductor.    USE - Photovoltaic device e.g. silicon-based solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the photovoltaic device.
NOVELTY - An electrolytic membrane (20) containing polyelectrolyte is prepared. A catalyst ink containing a catalyst, polyelectrolyte and a solvent is coated on a base material, and semi-dried. The ratio of amount of solvent in the catalyst ink after semi drying process and amount of solvent in the coated catalyst ink is 20-70%. The catalyst ink is dried. An electrode and the electrolytic membrane are superposed on the dried catalyst ink, and subjected to pressurization joining to obtain a membrane-electrode assembly. The dispersion support of catalyst ink is carbon particles.    USE - Manufacture of membrane-electrode assembly used for fuel cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables manufacture of membrane-electrode assembly efficiently. The fuel cell formed using the membrane-electrode assembly has excellent durability and contact resistance between electrode and electrolytic membrane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the single cell.    Electrolytic membrane (20)    Anode (21)    Cathode (22)    Gas diffusion layers (23,24)    Gas separators (25,26)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has front side electrode (112) and back side electrode formed on front and back surfaces of a crystalline silicon layer (100) respectively. The back side electrode has passivation layer (110a) comprising holes exposed to a portion of silicon layer. A conductive layer (114a) of 0.01-0.5 mu m thick is located on the passivation layer to cover the top surfaces of holes, such that the conductive layer (114a) is connected to the silicon layer through the holes. A conductive layer (120) of 0.5-10 mu m thick is located over the conductive layer (114a).    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The time for manufacturing the solar cell is reduced since the conductive layer on the passivation layer is thin and is formed quickly over the back surface of the silicon layer, so that the throughput for forming the solar cell is increased. The fill factor of the solar cell is improved by forming thick conductive layer. The electrical performance of the solar cell is improved by forming multi-layered structure conductive layer as the back-side electrode of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of forming back side electrode of solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Crystalline silicon layer (100)    Emitter region (106)    Passivation layer (110a)    Front side electrode (112)    Conductive layers (114a,120)
NOVELTY - A flexible solar cell (10) comprises aluminum-magnesium (Al-Mg) alloy substrate (11); first electrode layer formed on Al-Mg alloy substrate; semiconductor layer (13) formed on first electrode layer (12); and second electrode layer (14) formed on semiconductor layer. The first electrode layer is metal or alloy. The semiconductor layer comprises p-type semiconductor amorphous silicon layer, n-type semiconductor amorphous silicon layer, p-n junction layer, where p-type semiconductor layer is formed on and proximate to first electrode layer.    USE - A flexible solar cell used in aircraft, shipping, and 3C products including mobile phone.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is lightweight and flexible.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic view illustrating a flexible solar cell.    Flexible solar cell (10)    Alloy substrate (11)    First electrode layer (12)    Semiconductor layer (13)    Second electrode layer (14)
NOVELTY - The method involves providing a silicon wafer substrate (199) having a detector wafer on which a flow sensor is formed. Several shells whose walls form a flow channel (206) are formed on the substrate. The flow channel is directly fabricated on substrate so that flow channel couples heat transfer directly to flow sensor and the shells are coupled to fluidic measurement to provide for flow sensor.    USE - Method for fabricating flow sensor used in fuel cell flow system, portable ventilator.    ADVANTAGE - The need for different types of sacrificial layers during a fabrication of flow sensor on substrate is eliminated, the performance of the flow sensor is improved and the thermal conduction is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for shell flow sensor system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the shell flow sensor system.    Shell flow sensor system (190)    Capillary outlet (197)    Substrate (199)    Flow channel (206)    Sensing elements (241)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide porous membrane (2) is formed on a transparent conductive film (1a) of a substrate (1). The membrane has several three-dimensional structural component (3) consisting of zinc oxide, formed at surface. The structural component is formed such that side of hollow cone shape or pyramid shape is opened and diameter is expanded along normal line direction from surface of membrane.    USE - Metal oxide porous membrane is used for dye sensitized solar cell (claimed) and electrode film of battery.    ADVANTAGE - The metal oxide porous membrane provides solar cell having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, and has controlled shape.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of metal oxide porous membrane. A substrate having electroconductive surface is immersed in a solution containing zinc, and metal oxide porous membrane is formed at electroconductive surface. The solution further contains an additive having polymer structure portion for inhibiting unsaturated bond portion and crystal growth adsorbed on electroconductive surface.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the conceptual diagram of three-dimensional structural component.    Substrate (1)    Transparent conductive film (1a)    Transparent sheet (1b)    Metal oxide porous membrane (2)    Three-dimensional structural component (3)
NOVELTY - A solar power system (10) comprises solar concentrator (12) that concentrates incoming sunlight (20), where concentrator includes diffractive optical element (30) that concentrates light in two dimensions.    USE - A solar power system.    ADVANTAGE - The system has optical elements which provide an inexpensive way to concentrate sunlight or other radiation, e.g. directing radiation to a collector such as photovoltaic devices.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a method of producing electricity; and    (2) a method of concentrating energy.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic diagram of solar power system.    Solar power system (10)    Solar concentrator (12)    Photovoltaic elements (14)    Incoming sunlight (20)    Diffractive optical element (30)
NOVELTY - An electroconductive composition contains a conductive polymer, an ionic liquid and carbon nanotube. The abundance of primary particles of carbon nanotube is 80 number% or more.    USE - Electroconductive composition is used for electroconductive film (claimed) used for transparent electrodes, liquid crystal display, plasma display panel, electroluminescent display, electrochromic display, solar cell, touch panel and electromagnetic shielding material. Uses include but are not limited to electrophotographic apparatus, secondary battery, antistatic packaging material, transfer belt, image development roll, electrical charging roll, transfer roller, capacitor and connection material.    ADVANTAGE - The electroconductive composition provides electroconductive film with excellent transparency and surface resistivity.
NOVELTY - A metal complex dye (1) or its salt is new.    USE - Novel metal complex dye or its salt is used for photoelectric transducer for solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The metal complex dye or its salt economically provides solar cell having high conversion efficiency, stability and workability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal complex dye of formula (1) or its salt is new.    ring a-d=optionally substituted aromatic residue, optionally substituted aliphatic-hydrocarbon residue, hydroxyl, phosphoric acid, cyano, nitro, halogen, carboxyl, carbonamide, alkoxycarbonyl, arylcarbonyl, alkoxyl, aryloxy, substituted amide, acyl, or (un)substituted amino;    m,n2=1 or 2;    Z=group of formula (2 or 3);    n1=1-5;    A1,A2,A4,A5=H, optionally substituted aliphatic-hydrocarbon residue or alkoxyl;and    A3,A6=H or optionally substituted aliphatic-hydrocarbon residue.
NOVELTY - A solar cell has a back metal contact layer (102), a P-type semiconductor layer (103), a P-N junction layer (104), an N-type semiconductor layer (105) and a front metal contact layer sequentially formed on a flexible substrate (101) containing polymer.    USE - Solar cell used as clean energy power supply source in building.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell is flexible and efficient.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A solar cell has a back metal contact layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, a P-N junction layer, an N-type semiconductor layer and a front metal contact layer sequentially formed on a flexible substrate containing polymer. The P-type semiconductor layer comprises P-type amorphous silicon, aluminum gallium nitride or aluminum gallium arsenide. The P-N junction layer comprises cadmium telluride, copper indium diselenide or copper indium gallium diselenide. The N-type semiconductor layer comprises N-type amorphous silicon, gallium nitride or indium gallium phosphide. The material of the transparent conductive oxide layer is indium tin oxide and zinc oxide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the solar cell.    Substrate (101)    Back metal contact layer (102)    P-type semiconductor layer (103)    P-N junction layer (104)    N-type semiconductor layer (105)
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell (100) comprises a semiconductor electrode layer including hollow-shaped semiconductor particles; and a dye layer adsorbed on a surface of the semiconductor electrode layer, and is adsorbed on outer and inner surfaces of the semiconductor particles having a diameter of 10-60 nm.    USE - A dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell provides increased in energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of fabricating a dye-sensitized solar cell (100).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a sectional view of a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Lower electrode structure (10)    Upper electrode structure (50)    Upper glass substrate (52)    Upper electrode layer (54)    Dye-sensitized solar cell (100)
NOVELTY - Fuel cell mass balance measurement involves supplying a fuel solution to an anode of a fuel cell stack (1) and supplying an oxidant to a cathode. Molar concentration and amount of the fuel solution are measured and supplied to the anode. The flux of the oxidant supplied to the cathode is measured. A load of a certain capacity is connected to the fuel cell stack. The current and voltage generated at the fuel cell stack is measured. The molar concentration and amount of the fuel solution recovered from the anode is measured.    USE - Method for measuring mass balance of a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The mass balance of fuel cell measurement method enable to measure molar concentration, amount, flux, current and voltage at various states, and provides optimum efficiency of a fuel cell stack.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The molar concentration and amount of the fluid discharged from the cathode is also measured, and the efficiency of the fuel cell stack from the measured values is calculated. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an apparatus for measuring mass balance of a fuel cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the apparatus for measuring mass balance of a fuel cell.    Fuel cell stack (1)    control device (10)    Fuel tank (11)    Fuel delivery system (13)    Oxidizer supply apparatus (14)    Mass flow controller (15)
NOVELTY - Laminated plastic comprises at least a layer of a compressible, graphite material and at least a further layer of a graphite-filled polymer material, where an unsolvable compound is present between the materials and the materials are bonded by a surface-active, adhesion-promoting substance of silicon organic compound, metal soap or perfluorinated compound.    USE - The laminated plastic is useful: for the transmission, conduction or distribution of heat or electric current; as component in fuel cell automobile or redox-flow-batteries (all claimed); and for gasket, as open installation, radiation shield, separation plate in electric filter and for non-corrosive coating.    ADVANTAGE - The laminated plastic shows good electrical and thermal conductivity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for production of a laminated plastic, comprising bonding at least a layer of a compressible, graphite material and at least a further layer of a graphite-filled polymer material, in which at least one of the surfaces to be bonded is moistened with at least a surface-active substance of silicon organic compound, metal soap or perfluorinated compound, contacting together the surfaces to be bonded and pressing at minimally 20 degrees C and maximally 400 degrees C and at a pressure of 0.1 and 200 MPa.
NOVELTY - The electronic device includes an active layer or a doping layer formed at an upper portion of a substrate. The active layer or the doping layer is made of a silicon wafer or amorphous silicon. The active layer is obtained by forming silicon slurry in the form of a thin film and sintering the silicon slurry. The doping layer is obtained by forming intrinsic slurry in the form of a thin film and implanting a p-type dopant and an n-type dopant in the intrinsic slurry.    USE - Electronic device, particularly diode, thin film transistor or solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electronic device enables commercial utilization of silicon slurry, which is to be discarded by uniformly reducing the particle size of the silicon slurry and by forming an active layer of a solar cell using the silicon power.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing field devices, which involves using the silicon slurry of the electronic device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a micrograph of the silicon slurry generated in the wafer fabrication.
NOVELTY - A module main component (5) containing a transparent component (1), a primary cross-linkable resin (7), a solar cell element (2), a secondary cross-linkable resin (8) and a weather proofing component (9) is formed, and a tertiary cross-linkable resin (16) is provided along the outer periphery portion of the module main component. The primary cross-linkable resin, secondary cross-linkable resin and tertiary cross-linkable resin are heated and cross-linked, and solar cell module is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell module having excellent reliability, mechanical strength and external appearance, is efficiently manufactured using simple method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view explaining the manufacturing method of the solar cell module.    Transparent component (1)    Solar cell element (2)    Module main component (5)    Primary cross-linkable resin (7)    Secondary cross-linkable resin (8)    Weather proofing component (9)    Tertiary cross-linkable resin (16)
NOVELTY - An organic photoelectric transducer consists of organic layer (I) containing a copolymer including a fluorene repeating unit (1) and/or a benzofluorene repeating unit (2), and a bis(thienylvinyl)thiophene repeating unit (3).    USE - Organic photoelectric transducer is used as organic solar cell or organic photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The organic photoelectric transducer has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic photoelectric transducer consists of organic layer (I) containing a copolymer including a fluorene repeating unit of formula (1) and/or a benzofluorene repeating unit of formula (2), and a bis(thienylvinyl)thiophene repeating unit of formula (3).    R,R1-R4=H, 1-20C alkyl, 1-20C alkoxy, or optionally substituted 6-60C aryl;and    R5=H or 1-20C alkyl with hydrogen being optionally substituted by fluorine.
NOVELTY - A fuel cell apparatus (200) comprises fuel cell module (210), mixing tank (230), circulating piping (240), valve (250), cartridge (260), and pressing unit (280). The mixing tank stores a first fuel. The circulating piping is connected to the fuel cell module. The pump, mixing tank, and circulating piping have first opening. The valve is at the first opening for optionally covering the first opening. The pressing unit presses the cartridge to deform the cartridge.    USE - A fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The fuel cell apparatus requires less number of pumps, thus fabrication costs of fuel cell is reduced and power output and reliability are improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A fuel cell apparatus comprises fuel cell module, pump, mixing tank, circulating piping, valve, cartridge, and pressing unit. The mixing tank stores a first fuel. The circulating piping is connected to the fuel cell module. The pump, mixing tank, and circulating piping have first opening. The valve is at the first opening for optionally covering the first opening. The cartridge is connected to a sidewall of the first opening. The cartridge stores a second fuel. A concentration of the second fuel is greater than a concentration of the first fuel. The pressing unit presses the cartridge to deform the cartridge. When the pump is turned on, the valve is closed to cover the first opening and the first fuel is transported into the fuel cell module. When the pump is turned off, the valve is opened to expose the first opening and the second fuel in the cartridge deformed by the pressing unit is transported into the mixing tank.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell.    Fuel cell apparatus (200)    Fuel cell module (210)    Pump (220)    Mixing tank (230)    Circulating piping (240)    Valve (250)    Cartridge (260)    Pressing unit (280)
NOVELTY - A metal oxide semiconductor paste is coated on a transparent electrode base material, to a film. The metal oxide semiconductor paste is formed by mixing metal oxide semiconductor particles, metal-atom complex (1) and a solvent. The metal oxide semiconductor particles contains alkali-metal atom. The obtained film is subjected to electrochemical processing. Thus, manufacture of metal oxide semiconductor electrode is carried out.    USE - Manufacture of metal oxide semiconductor electrode used for photoelectric transducer (both claimed) and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The metal oxide semiconductor electrode is manufactured efficiently and economically, and provides compact and flexible photoelectric transducer with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metal oxide semiconductor paste is coated on a transparent electrode base material, to a film. The metal oxide semiconductor paste is formed by mixing metal oxide semiconductor particles, metal-atom complex of formula (1) and a solvent. The metal oxide semiconductor particles contains alkali-metal atom. The obtained film is subjected to electrochemical processing. Thus, manufacture of metal oxide semiconductor electrode is carried out.    R1-R3=H or monovalent substituent;    M=metal atom having valence of 1-6;    arrow=co-ordinate bond or ionic bond from oxygen atom to metal;    broken line=non-localized bonding in diketonate compound ;and    n=1-3.
NOVELTY - A dye-sensitized solar cell has anode containing layer comprising semiconductor porous membrane layer (2) which is formed on the surface of the transparent conductive substrate and absorbs the sensitizing dye, cathode (5) which opposes semiconductor porous membrane layer side of anode, and electrolyte which is between anode and cathode. The semiconductor porous membrane layer contains semiconductor composition which has conduction band. The solar cell is laminated such that the energy level of the conduction band is low in steps or continuously towards the substrate.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye-sensitized solar cell has improved optoelectronic removing efficiency and high efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A dye-sensitized solar cell has anode containing layer comprising semiconductor porous membrane layer which is formed on the surface of the transparent conductive substrate and absorbs the sensitizing dye, cathode which opposes the semiconductor porous membrane layer side of the anode, electrolyte which is between the two sheets of the anode and cathode. The semiconductor porous membrane layer contains semiconductor composition which has conduction band having different energy level. The solar cell is laminated such that the energy level of the conduction band is low in steps or continuously towards the substrate. The semiconductor porous membrane layer absorbs at least two or more sensitizing dye.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the dye-senstized solar cell.    Electroconductive base material (1)    Semiconductor porous membrane layer (2)    Cathode (5)    Transparent base material (11)    Conductive layer (12)
NOVELTY - A composition comprises energy ray sensitive acid generating agent (A) having cation-containing group (1), compound (B) having nitrogen-containing group (2) and cation polymeric compound (C).    USE - Composition is used for sealing agent for manufacturing sealing material and for sealing base material (all claimed) for optical device, electronic device, optoelectronic device, display element such as liquid crystal panel, plasma display panel, electroluminescent element, magneto optical disk, solar cell and optical waveguide.    ADVANTAGE - The composition provides sealing material having excellent heat resistance, durability, transparency and adhesiveness.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A composition comprises energy ray sensitive acid generating agent (A) having cation-containing group of formula: L+X- (1), compound (B) having nitrogen-containing group of formula: Ar1-N(-Ar2)-Ar3 (2) and cation polymeric compound (C).    L+=arbitrary cation;    X-=anion chosen from PF6-, SbF6-, AsF6-, SbCl6-, BiCl5-, SnCl6-, ClO4-, dithiocarbamate anion and SCN-;and    Ar1-Ar3=optionally substituted aryl and optionally substituted heterocyclic group, where Ar1 and Ar2, Ar1 and Ar3, or Ar2 and Ar3 optionally form ring system.
NOVELTY - A silicon rubber comprises a crosslinked product of an organic polysiloxane (1) and a silane compound (2).    USE - Silicon rubber is used for gasket for fuel battery (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The silicon rubber provides gasket having high gas-barrier capability and low moisture osmosis.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A silicon rubber comprises a crosslinked product of an organic polysiloxane of formula (1) and a silane compound of formula: R34-mSiR4m (2).    X=halogen, hydroxyl, 1-5C alkoxy, ester, or carboxylic acid;    R1,R2=1-10C alkyl, 6-20C arylene, or 6-20C alkylarylene;    R3,R4=hydroxyl or 1-5C alkoxy;    n=10-10000;and    m=0-4.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of the silicon rubber.
NOVELTY - Linear conjugated polymer derivatives of 9-pyrenylfluorene are new.    USE - Linear conjugated polymer derivatives of 9-pyrenylfluorene used as material for luminescent layers of polymer light emitting diodes devices, as host material of white light devices or phosphorescence devices, as electron or hole injection current carrier transport material; and used for polymer integrated circuit, polymer laser material, semiconductor material of polymer thin film transistor, polymer solar cell material and polymer non-linear optics material (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The derivatives utilizes low cost raw materials, and simple synthetic method; provides good dissolubility, heat stability and flow characteristic, improved hole injection capability, hole transport capability and electron transport capability; and produces electroluminescent device having good brightness, high luminous efficiency and voltage-withstanding stability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Linear conjugated polymer derivatives of 9-pyrenylfluorene of formulae (I)-(III), are new.    R1, R2=6-18C alkyl;    R3=H, 6-18C alkyl, or alkoxy;    m=1, 2, or 3;    n=16000-380000;and    R4, R5=6-18C alkyl, or alkoxy group.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a preparation of linear conjugated polymer derivatives of 9-pyrenylfluorene structure.
(AT505199-A1)   NOVELTY - The polyamide is contained in a composite film, which is dyed. An additive, preferably UV stabilizer, hydrolysis stabilizer, antioxidant, heat stabilizer or flame retardant is provided to the composite film. The composite film contains a polyamide film containing a fluorine polymer layer, and a fluoro polymer film. A frictional connection between the films is established by an adhesive layer of polyurethane, polyester adhesive or polyacrylate. An adhesive layer is provided between the polyamide film and the fluoro polymer layer.    USE - Polyamide from polyamide 6, polyamide 66, polyamide 7, polyamide 9, polyamide 10, polyamide 11, polyamide 12, polyamide 69, polyamide 610, polyamide 612, polyamide-6-3-T, polyamide 6l, polyphthalamide for use as mono film, weather-proof and UV stable packaging material, for use with embedding material for producing photovoltaic modules, particularly in the roof assembly area and integration of the buildings (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The polyamide provides a production of a compound with fluorine polymer layer as flame resistant layer on the exterior.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of photovoltaic module, which is totally enclosed with encapsulation material.    Used material (1)    Embedding materials (2,2')    Solar cell (3)    Encapsulation material (4)
NOVELTY - The method for cleaning polysilicon, comprises pre-cleaning the polysilicon at 0-60 degrees C with oxidized cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hexafluorosilicic acid, head cleaning the pre-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and hydrophilizing the head-cleaned polysilicon with oxidized cleaning solution. The cleaning solution used in the pre-cleaning process possesses a nitric acid concentration of 5-35 wt.%. The hydrophilization is carried out in a watery ozone solution.    USE - Method for cleaning polysilicon for the production of solar cells or electronic components such as memory elements or microprocessors.    ADVANTAGE - The method ensures economical cleaning of polysilicon with high purity and good electrical properties by reusing the acids.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The method for cleaning polysilicon, comprises pre-cleaning the polysilicon at 0-60 degrees C with oxidized cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid, nitric acid and hexafluorosilicic acid, head cleaning the pre-cleaned polysilicon with a cleaning solution containing hydrofluoric acid and nitric acid, and hydrophilizing the head-cleaned polysilicon with oxidized cleaning solution. The cleaning solution used in the pre-cleaning process possesses a nitric acid concentration of 5-35 wt.%. The hydrophilization is carried out in a watery ozone solution. The pre-cleaning and head-cleaning take place in separate acid circulation. The acid used in the head-cleaning is again used in the pre-cleaning.
NOVELTY - A porous semiconductor film (2) has through-hole (3) that reaches a transparent electrode (1) from the non-light-receiving surface side. A conductive layer is provided in the non-light receiving surface side of porous semiconductor film. The transparent electrode in the through-hole and the transparent electrode in the area without having the semiconductor film are electrically connected by a conductive layer.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Resistance of the transparent electrode is reduced and solar cell with excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency is obtained.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the section and schematic views of solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Transparent electrode (1)    Porous semiconductor film (2)    Through-hole (3)
NOVELTY - The dye-sensitized solar cell (100) includes an opposite electrode (20) which is arranged on a second conductive substrate (22) and faces a semiconductor electrode (10). An electrolyte solution (30) is filled in a space between the semiconductor electrode and the opposite electrode. Organic molecules, which have a functional group that can be selectively self-assembled by a chemical bond with a metal oxide, are dissolved in the electrolyte solution.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Can prevent electron loss due to an interaction between an oxidation/reduction electrolyte and electrons injected from photosensitive dyes on a surface of a metal oxide layer or on a surface of a conductive substrate, thus improving energy conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a dye-sensitized solar cell manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of dye-sensitized solar cell.    Semiconductor electrode (10)    Opposite electrode (20)    Second conductive substrate (22)    Electrolyte solution (30)    Dye-sensitized solar cell (100)
NOVELTY - The solar cell module comprises a first solar cell (10a) and a second solar cell electrically connected to the first solar cell with wiring members (15). The wiring members on an insulator (14) are electrically connected to first through-hole electrodes (23) included in the first solar cell and second through-hole electrodes (25) included in the second solar cell    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - Provides a solar cell with less influence of contraction force of a wiring member when the wiring is thermally bonded only to a back surface side of the solar cell. Suppresses deformation of solar cells. Reduces contraction force of wiring members. Reflects or diffuses incident light. Securely provides insulation properties between wiring members and solar cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Each solar cell includes a photoelectric conversion unit (20) including a light-receiving surface and a back surface provided on a reverse side of the light-receiving surface, and configured to generate electrons and holes by receiving light, a first collector electrode (30) formed on the photoelectric conversion unit and configured to collect the electrons, a second collector electrode formed on the photoelectric conversion unit and configured to collect the holes. The insulator connected to the back surface of the photoelectric conversion unit, the first through-hole electrodes penetrating the insulator and electrically connected to the first collector electrode, and the second through-hole electrodes penetrating the insulator and electrically connected to the second collector electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of the solar cell module.    First solar cell (10a)    Insulator (14)    Wiring members (15)    Photoelectric conversion unit (20)    First through-hole electrodes (23)    Second through-hole electrodes (25)    First collector electrode (30)
NOVELTY - An anti-reflective layer (12) made of silicon oxide or silicon nitride is formed for minimizing the reflection of the incident light in the surface of the n-type semiconductor layer (11) formed on a back plane contact layer (10) made of aluminum or boron. The electrodes (13,14) made of silver contact the contact layer.    USE - Manufacturing method of bulk type silicon solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing process of the bulk type silicon solar cell is simplified. The manufacturing cost of the bulk type silicon solar cell is reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for bulk type silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the manufacturing method of bulk type silicon solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Back plane contact layer (10)    N-type semiconductor layer (11)    Anti-reflective layer (12)    Electrodes (13,14)    P-type semiconductor layer (15)
NOVELTY - Several minute particles are dispersed on the surface of a resin film and dried to form a micro-particle deposit (1). A portion or whole of the micro-particle deposit is mechanically embedded to a resin film (2) by hot press process. Fine corrugations are formed in the resin film surface by removing the micro-particle deposit by melting the micro-particles.    USE - Manufacturing method of surface treatment substrate used in manufacture of solar cell substrate, light emitting device (both claimed), cell culture dish, etc.    ADVANTAGE - Enables to manufacture substrates having fine corrugations with high precision.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the steps involved in the manufacture of the surface treatment substrate.    Micro-particle deposit (1)    Resin film (2)    Reinforcing material (3)    Porous layer (4)    Fine corrugated surface (5)
NOVELTY - A negative electrode (10) has a transparent conductive film (12) and a porous layer (13) sequentially provided on surface(s) of a resin substrate (11). Several resin particles (14) are isolated and arranged between substrate and conductive film.    USE - Negative electrode is used for dye sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The peeling of transparent conductive film and porous layer is effectively prevented. The negative electrode provides solar cell having favorable stability and electric power generation characteristics.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of negative electrode of dye sensitized solar cell.    Negative electrode (10)    Resin substrate (11)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Porous layer (13)    Resin particles (14)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a P-type semiconductor layer is formed on a transparent substrate. A front contact electrode is formed on top of an N-type semiconductor layer. A compound semiconductor is formed on top surface of a P-type semiconductor layer. The front contact electrode and P-type semiconductor layer are successively formed on the substrate.    USE - Manufacturing method of thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The energy conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved, while increasing the productivity of solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for thin film solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing method of thin film solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text)
NOVELTY - An interlayer dielectric (120) having a contact hole (122) is formed on a semiconductor substrate (100). A portion of the contact hole is gap-filled with a silicon pattern (i)(130a). The silicon pattern (i) is subjected to plasma cleaning process to remove a native oxide layer (134) generated on the silicon pattern (i). A silicon pattern (ii) is formed in the contact hole on the silicon pattern (i).    USE - Formation of silicon pattern used for manufacturing diode and phase transformation solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables formation of silicon pattern efficiently. The phase transformation solar cell formed using the silicon pattern has excellent electrical characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An interlayer dielectric having a contact hole is formed on a semiconductor substrate. A portion of the contact hole is gap-filled with a silicon pattern (i). The silicon pattern (i) is subjected to plasma cleaning process to remove a native oxide layer generated on the silicon pattern (i). A silicon pattern (ii) is formed in the contact hole on the silicon pattern (i). The plasma cleaning process is performed by using cleaning gas (32) containing carbon tetrafluoride and ammonia. The cleaning process (a) is performed using cleaning liquid comprising ammonium hydroxide, hydrogen peroxide and ultra-pure water. The cleaning process (b) is performed using cleaning liquid containing hydrogen fluoride solution. The silicon patterns (i and ii) are formed with an amorphous silicon layer and a polycrystal silicon layer respectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of manufacture of phase transformation solar cell.    Cleaning gas (32)    Semiconductor substrate (100)    Contact hole (122)    Silicon pattern (130a)    Native oxide layer (134)
NOVELTY - The cell has a silicon emitter layer (310) formed on a crystalline base silicon layer (300). A buffer layer (320) is formed on the silicon emitter layer. A transparent conductive oxide layer (330) is formed on the buffer layer. An upper metal electrode line (340) is formed in a constant interval on the transparent conductive oxide layer. A lower metal electrode line (350) is formed on a rear surface of a base silicon substrate. A bottom metal electrode line is formed in a rear side of a crystalline base silicon substrate.    USE - Crystalline silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell prevents generation of interface defects at the interface between the emitter and the transparent conductive oxide layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a silicon solar cell in which a buffer layer and a transparent oxide layer are applied.    Crystalline base silicon layer (300)    Silicon emitter layer (310)    Buffer layer (320)    Transparent conductive oxide layer (330)    Upper metal electrode line (340)    Lower metal electrode line (350)
NOVELTY - The light collection device such as solar concentrator assembled with a light-processing unit (23), comprises a fresnel lens unit (21) having a light-incident surface (211) and a light-emitting surface (212), and an anti-reflection layer (22) positioned on the light-incident surface. The light-processing unit is positioned relative to the light-emitting surface for receiving light from the fresnel lens unit and for transmitting or converting the light. The fresnel lens is linear or concentric. The anti-reflection layer is a coating formed from optical sub-layers.    USE - Used as light collection device such as solar concentrator.    ADVANTAGE - The light collection device is capable of reducing a loss of light due to reflection and backscattering thus providing a better light condensation effect and enhancing a light collection efficiency, and can be economically manufactured with high yield by forming the fresnel lens using injection molding or molding techniques.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The light collection device such as solar concentrator assembled with a light-processing unit (23), comprises a fresnel lens unit (21) having a light-incident surface (211) and a light-emitting surface (212), and an anti-reflection layer (22) positioned on the light-incident surface. The light-processing unit is positioned relative to the light-emitting surface for receiving light from the fresnel lens unit and for transmitting or converting the light. The fresnel lens is linear or concentric. The anti-reflection layer is a coating formed from optical sub-layers having different refractive index from each other. The light-processing unit is an optical fiber cable, a solar cell unit and a photoconverter unit.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a light collection device.    Fresnel lens unit (21)    Anti-reflection layer (22)    Light processing unit (23)    Light-incident surface (211)    Light-emitting surface. (212)
NOVELTY - The method involves manufacturing a template by preparing a mold comprising a set of concave parts, depositing a template melt on the mold, hardening the template melt, and obtaining the template comprising a set of holes corresponding to the concave parts by removing the mold. A silicon substrate (31) is etched by using the template as a mask, where the silicon substrate comprises single-crystal silicon, poly-crystal silicon and amorphous silicon. The template is removed, where the template includes polydimethylsiloxane.    USE - Method for texturing a silicon surface for a solar battery (claimed) i.e. silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method enhances efficiency of a solar cell by forming a two-dimensional texturing pattern of high quality.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating a method for texturing a silicon surface.    Silicon substrate (31)    Metal layer (34)    Texturing pattern (36)
NOVELTY - The method involves processing (321) a glass material in the molten state to form (331) a ribbon glass. The drum sections are mounted (341) on the top surface of the ribbon glass. The rollers are installed at the bottom surface of the ribbon glass so as to move the ribbon glass. The ribbon glass is cut (351) into several glass sections and aperture region are formed in the each glass section. The light is injected into the aperture region formed in the glass section to form a glass concentrator (361).    USE - Method for manufacturing glass concentrator for solar module used for hydroelectric plant.    ADVANTAGE - The glass concentrator can be manufactured effectively and reliably by forming the aperture region in each glass section. The power consumption of the hydroelectric plant is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart explaining the method for manufacturing glass concentrator.    Step for processing glass material (321)    Step for forming ribbon glass (331)    Step for mounting drum sections (341)    Step for cutting ribbon glass (351)    Step for forming glass concentrator (361)
NOVELTY - The battery has a packaging glass (2) installed on a solar panel (1), and an anti-reflection film coating formed on the packaging glass. The anti-reflection film coating includes an aluminum sesquioxide coating (3), zirconia coating (4) and a magnesium fluoride coating (5).    USE - Solar photovoltaic battery.    ADVANTAGE - The battery is inexpensive. The battery is simple and convenient to manufacture. The battery has sunlight transmission rate higher than 99.4 percent. The design of the battery is improved in better manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar photovoltaic battery.    Solar panel (1)    Packaging glass (2)    Aluminum sesquioxide coating (3)    Zirconia coating (4)    Magnesium fluoride coating (5)
NOVELTY - A molded article is formed using a resin composition containing (in wt.pts) a cyclic olefin-type polymer (A) (30-97) and aromatic vinyl and conjugated diene block copolymer (B) (3-70).    USE - Molded article e.g. container for accommodating semiconductor substrate, display substrate and recording medium substrate in clean room (claimed), and jig. Semiconductor substrate is used for manufacturing integrated circuits and solar cell, and display e.g. liquid crystal display, plasma display panel and organic electroluminescent display.    ADVANTAGE - The molded article has excellent heat resistance, abrasion resistance and transparency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for resin composition.
NOVELTY - The method involves hydrothermal carbonization, where the carbohydrates act as carbon sources and reducing agents, and metal salts act as catalysts. The materials are prepared from carbohydrates and salts of platinum, ruthenium, palladium, rhodium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, gallium, yttrium, zirconium, niobium, silver, antimony, lead, bismuth, rhenium, gold, osmium, molybdenum, chromium, vanadium, tungsten, tin, uranium and rare-earth metals, such as lanthanum, cerium, neodymium, promethium, europium, gadolinium, terbium, dysprosium, holmium, erbium, thulium, ytterbium.    USE - Method for preparing carbon nanostructured hybrid materials for use as electrocatalyzers in fuel cells for low temperature operation.
NOVELTY - A titanium oxide (TiO2) crystal sizing agent is formed by adding acid and organic titanium salt solution having a weight ratio of 4-5:1, such that the weights of TiO2 and film former in the agent is 10-25% and 2-10% respectively. A TiO2 scattering layer sizing agent is formed on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode by mixing TiO2 having 200-400nm grain diameter, film former and scatter solvent. The electrode is dipped in titanium chloride (TiCl4) solution whose mol concentration is 30-60mM at 50-80 degrees C. The electrode is sintered by heating at 325 degrees C for 10 min.    USE - Method for preparing dye-sensitized solar cell light anode.    ADVANTAGE - The energy conversion rate of solar cell is increased while reducing the manufacturing cost.
NOVELTY - A coating material contains ketone as organic solvent, and a polyimide resin formed by copolymerizing a diamine which has acid dianhydride containing bis(trimellitic acid monoester acid anhydride) (I) and benzidine (II) as essential component.    USE - Coating material is used for transparent resin sheet, retardation film and light diffusion film for polarizing plate, liquid crystal element, projector, substrate of plasma display including but not limited to optical waveguide, optical branching device, optical switching element, light modulator, light filter, optical amplifier, optical attenuator, optical wave length converter and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The coating material has excellent transparency, heat resistance and chemical resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A coating material contains ketone as organic solvent, and a polyimide resin formed by copolymerizing a diamine which has acid dianhydride containing bis(trimellitic acid monoester acid anhydride) of formula (I) and benzidine of formula (II) as essential component.    R1=divalent organic group such as -(CH2)n-, -CH2-C(-R2)2-CH2- and group of formulae (1-22);    R2=-H, -OH, -CH3, -CF3, -SO4, -COOH, -CO-NH2;and    R3,R4=-H, -F, -Cl, -I, -OH, -CH3, -CF3, -SO4, -C(CH3)3, -COOH and -CO-NH2.
NOVELTY - A transparent resin sheet has a core layer formed using glass fiber woven fabric, and surface-smoothing layer. The surface-smoothing layer is a resin layer formed using a resin composition (100 mass%) containing a transparent resin and an inorganic filler (30-75 mass%). The transparent resin is cycloaliphatic epoxy resin. The inorganic filler has secondary particle diameter of 20-100 nm.    USE - Transparent resin sheet is used for optical lens, plastic substrate of liquid crystal display element including but not limited to color filter substrate, solar cell substrate, glass plate, touch panel, light guide plate, optical element, organic electroluminescent display element, optical waveguide and light emitting diode sealing agent.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent resin sheet has excellent transparency and heat resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for transparent resin sheet, which involves forming core layer by coating the resin composition on both sides of the core layer, and forming surface-smoothing layer.
NOVELTY - A gas barrier film (1) comprises organic compound layer(s) (3) and inorganic oxide layer(s) (4) sequentially provided on polyester base material (2). The organic compound layer is formed using wet forming method. The organic compound layer contains (in weight parts) fluorochemical surfactant (0.01-1) and resin (100) containing (meth)acryl group having functionality more than 2.    USE - Gas barrier film for pharmaceutical, organic electroluminescent element, solar cell and packaging foodstuffs.    ADVANTAGE - The gas barrier film has excellent transparency and high gas barrier property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows cross-sectional view gas barrier film.    Gas barrier film (1)    Polyethylene base material (2)    Organic compound layer (3)    Inorganic oxide layer (4)
NOVELTY - An anatase titanium dioxide crystal pattern is formed by selectively depositing crystal on super hydrophilic region of super hydrophilicity/hydrophobic patternized surface which is formed in a substrate.    USE - Anatase titanium dioxide crystal pattern is used as component in electronic device (claimed) such as molecule sensor, gas sensor, solution sensor, dye-sensitized solar cell and photocatalyst.    ADVANTAGE - The anatase titanium dioxide crystal pattern is formed efficiently on hydrophilicity-hydrophobic pattern on fluorine-doped tin oxide substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of anatase titanium dioxide crystal pattern, which involves forming super hydrophilicity/hydrophobic patternized surface on substrate by ultraviolet irradiation via photomask, and depositing to super hydrophilic region using reaction system. The titanium oxide crystal is precipitated by subjecting to liquid phase reaction in the reaction system.
NOVELTY - A zinc carbonate hydroxide crystal self-supporting film has a flat gaseous-phase surface side, and porous liquid-phase surface side on which nanosheets are formed.    USE - Zinc carbonate hydroxide crystal self-supporting film is used for preparing zinc oxide crystal self-supporting film for electronic device (both claimed) such as solution sensor, gas sensor and dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The zinc carbonate hydroxide crystal self-supporting film is efficiently prepared.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation method of the zinc carbonate hydroxide crystal self-supporting film, which involves depositing zinc carbonate hydroxide crystals by gas-liquid interface using zinc-containing solution in a reaction system.
NOVELTY - A polymer containing repeating unit having fluorene derivative-containing structure (1) and thiophene-containing structure (2), is new.    USE - Polymer is used for organic photoelectric transducer (claimed) such as organic solar cell and photosensor.    ADVANTAGE - The polymer provides organic photoelectric transducer having excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A polymer containing repeating unit having fluorene derivative-containing structure of formula (1) and thiophene-containing structure of formula (2), is new.    R,R1,R2=6-60C aryl optionally having substituent, hydrogen, 1-20C alkyl or 1-20C alkoxy, one portion or whole portion of hydrogen contained in these groups are optionally substituted by fluorene.
NOVELTY - An adhesive agent contains diamine compound (A), and vinyl copolymer containing unsaturated-carboxylic-acid having functional group which reacts with diamine compound or its derivative(s) and ethylene as monomer component (B).    USE - Adhesive agent is used for protection sheet of solar cells (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The adhesive agent has excellent light transmittance, and prevents producing yellowing by heat processing and ultraviolet irradiation. The protection sheet of solar cells containing adhesive agent has excellent adhesive strength.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows sectional view of protection sheet.    Organic film (10)    Adhesive layer (20)    Protection sheet (30)
NOVELTY - A poly-3-hydroxy butyrate-type polymer resin composition contains poly 3-hydroxy butyrate-type polymer and vinyl aromatic compound-conjugated diene-type compound block copolymer having functional groups chosen from amino group, acid anhydride group and epoxy group.    USE - Poly-3-hydroxy butyrate-type polymer resin composition used for molded products including but are not limited to copier, printer, tableware such as tray and cup, film such as packaging film and electric insulation film, components of ship, aircraft and motor vehicle, display apparatus such as liquid crystal display and electroluminescent display device, board for solar cell, domestic electric appliances such as mobile telephone and personal computer, tapes such as magnetic tape and carrier tape, and base material of sanitary product fixing taps such as paper diaper and napkin.    ADVANTAGE - The poly-3-hydroxy butyrate-type polymer resin composition has excellent impact resistance and moldability, and is manufactured efficiently.
NOVELTY - Method of forming organic/inorganic hybrid material comprises performing sol-gel reaction to metal alkoxyl oligomer and multipolymer with functional group to acquire organic/inorganic hybrid material, where the multipolymer with functional group is methyl methacrylate, methacrylamide or styrene.    USE - The method is useful for forming organic/inorganic hybrid material. The organic/inorganic hybrid material is also useful for high light acquiring efficiency LED sealing material, thin light concave/convex lens, optical lens of light projector, high brightness LCD prism film, solar cell refraction photoelectric conversion lens and camera phone/digital camera lens (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The hybrid material has high refractive index, low hydroscopic property, excellent light transmission and high vitrifying transferring temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an organic/inorganic hybrid material comprises net-like structure combined by multipolymer (a) with the functional group and metal alkoxyl oligomer (b) through gel-sol reaction; where the multipolymer with the functional group is methyl methacrylate, methacrylamide or styrene.
NOVELTY - A copper indium selenide (CuInSe2) film is prepared by using dual-potential step electro-deposition with neutral pH, which includes preparing complex solution of sodium citrate by dehydrating copper chloride, tetrahydrate indium chloride, and selenium dioxide to provide electro-deposition solution; placing standard 3-electrode system into electro-deposition solution; drying deposited film in air at room temperature; and heat processing the dried film in argon gas.    USE - Method for preparation of CuInSe2 film (claimed) used in solar battery and applied to photosensitive elements.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides film that is acid-alkali and corrosion resistant.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of CuInSe2 film using dual-potential step electro-deposition with neutral pH involves;    (A) preparing complex solution of sodium citrate by dehydrating copper chloride, tetrahydrate indium chloride, and selenium dioxide to provide electro-deposition solution;    (B) placing standard 3-electrode system into the electro-deposition solution;    (C) drying deposited film in air at room temperature; and    (D) heat processing the dried film in argon gas at 400 degrees C for 0.5 hours to obtain the CuInSe2 film with brass chalcopyrite structure.    The electro-deposition solution has pH of 6.5-7 and comprises 1-2 mM hydrated copper chloride. A mole ratio between copper (Cu) and indium (In) is 1.5-2, (Cu+In)/selenium (Se)=1, and CirNa/(Cu+In)=5-9. The electrode system comprises platinum electrode as counter electrode, silver/silver chloride electrode as reference electrode, and indium-tin oxide glass as working electrode. The dual-potential step way includes step potential point 1 at 800 mV for 10-30 seconds; and step potential point 2 at 1400 mV for 20-60 seconds. Circulation is conducted 5-15 times.
NOVELTY - The manufacturing method involves forming a silicon nitride etch stopping layer (203) on one side of a silicon wafer (201). Convex and concave portions are formed on the other side of the silicon wafer. An emitter layer is formed on the convex and concave portions. A reflection barrier layer is formed on the emitter layer. The front electrodes are connected to emitter layer while passing through the reflection barrier layer. A back contact electrode is connected to the silicon wafer via the etch stopping layer.    USE - Manufacturing method for solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Improves current characteristic and internal reflection at the long wave region. Improves voltage characteristic and reduces recombination of the carrier at the back plane.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the explanatory view one process in the method for manufacturing a solar cell.    Silicon wafer (201)    Silicon nitride etch stopping layer (203)
NOVELTY - The silicon casting apparatus is provided with an electrically-conductive bottomless cold crucible (7). An induction coil (8) surrounds the cold crucible, so as to enable silicon to be melted by electromagnetic induction heating using the induction coil and to be withdrawn downward and solidified. The cold crucible is made of copper alloy containing beryllium of 0.1-5 mass %.    USE - Silicon casting apparatus for use in production of solar cell silicon ingot (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The generation of electric discharge flaw in cold crucible can be prevented effectively. High quality solar cell silicon ingot can be produced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the silicon casting apparatus.    Chamber (1)    Blocking unit (2)    Inert-gas introducing port (5)    Cold crucible (7)    Induction coil (8)
NOVELTY - The component has two electrodes such as indium tin oxide anode (2) and cathode (4), arranged between a substrate base and a cover glass (5). An organic LED stack (3) comprises a layer made of an organic material. A getter layer (6) comprises a dry material and a thermally conductive material, and a thermally conductive layer (7). The getter layer and the thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled to one another, where the getter layer exhibits a thickness of 10 nanometer to 5000 micrometer. A metallic material is distributed in form of metallic particles in the dry material.    USE - Flexibly bent organic electronic component e.g. organic LED and organic solar cell, for use in a display e.g. color display and radiation intensity display, for visualizing structures, symbols and/or characters (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The two electrodes are arranged between the substrate base and cover, and the dry middle layer and thermally conductive layer are thermally coupled to one another, thus extending life span of the electronic component in a simple and economical manner, improving the cooling of the organic electronic component, and achieving light effects in a simple and flexible manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method for protecting an organic electronic component    (2) a method for visualizing of structures, symbols and/or characters by an organic LED.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of an organic electronic component in form of an organic LED.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Indium tin oxide anode (2)    Organic LED stack (3)    Cathode (4)    Cover glass (5)    Getter layer (6)    Thermally conductive layer (7)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming an oxidation zinc thin film on a substrate, and loading the substrate within a chamber. Hydrogen gas is discharged inside the chamber, and the oxidation zinc thin film is heat treated inside the chamber. The pressure inside the chamber is reduced and set to a specific value, where the temperature maintained inside the chamber is 200 degrees Celsius. The oxidation zinc thin film includes dopant selected from a group consisting of hydrogen (H), boron (B), aluminum (Al), gallium (Ga) and indium (In).    USE - Method for eliminating water from an oxidation zinc thin film. Uses include but are not limited to Zinc Oxide utilized in a photoelectric device such as a thin film solar cell, thin film transistor LCD, organic electroluminescent (OEL) device, blue LED, laser diode and emitter, nano quantum point array, nanorod and nano belt.    ADVANTAGE - The moisture contained within the oxidation zinc thin film is removed through the thermal process in a short period, while improving the electrical characteristic of the oxidation zinc thin film in an effective manner.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart illustrating steps involved in a water eliminating method.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The module has a shell comprising a receiving chamber and two universal aerial bus connectors in two ends, where the shell is made of insulating and waterproof materials e.g. plastic cloth. A solar panel is provided in the receiving chamber and coupled to the connectors, and the chamber outputs the electric power stored in the solar panel through the connectors. The connectors are male universal aerial bus connector and female universal aerial bus connector.    USE - Solar panel module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a top view of a solar panel module.
NOVELTY - The plant has a drive unit for generating power to change a direction of a solar cell module (131). A long shaft (120) is connected to one end of the drive unit, and insertion structures (122) are coupled with the long shaft. Crank shafts (121) are inserted into the insertion structures, and a module frame holder (125) is fixed to an upper end of the crank shaft. A module frame (130) is fixed to the module frame holder. A supporter (123) is formed to support the module frame. A bearing cover is installed at an upper end of the supporter to receive a rotatory bearing.    USE - Solar cell power plant.    ADVANTAGE - The plant reduces the damage by reducing the vibration of the module frame. The size of the module frame is small. The plant reduces the installation and maintenance cost by separately installing the module frames at the crank shaft.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a solar cell power plant.    Long shaft (120)    Crank shafts (121)    Insertion structures (122)    Supporter (123)    Module frame holder (125)    Module frame (130)    Solar cell module (131)
NOVELTY - A bismuth-copper-oxy telluride is new.    USE - Bismuth-copper-oxy telluride used as semiconductor material for light absorption layer of solar cell (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to active layer of light emitting diode, thermoelectric conversion material and infrared sensor.    ADVANTAGE - The bismuth-copper-oxy telluride is manufactured easily and efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bismuth-copper-oxy telluride is new. The bismuth-copper-oxy telluride has compositional formula: BiCuOTe. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of bismuth-copper-oxy telluride.
NOVELTY - Electronic building element comprising at least a nitrogen containing macro cycle as an organic dielectric, is claimed, where the nitrogen containing macro cycle exhibits a charge carrier mobility of maximum of 10-3 cm2/Vs.    USE - The electronic building element is useful as an organic field effect transistor, an organic diode, a capacitor, an organic solar cell, a photovoltaic cell or an organic light emitting diode. The nitrogen containing macro cycle is useful as a dielectric in an organic electronic component (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The electronic building element: is easy to handle; avoids the migration of ions, hence solvent-free coating is possible; exhibits no negative consequences; has high conductivity; and can be working on uneven and rough substrates and prevents the occurrence of short circuits and provides a very thin insulating layers.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module has several solar cell strings each having a substrate (111) on which interconnections (109,110) for electrically connecting solar cells (100) are arranged. A portion of substrate at the opposite ends of cell structure is bent to the side opposite to the light receiving surface side of solar cell. The solar cell string has bus bar portions (114,115) which are a portion of interconnections at the portion of bended substrate. The solar cell strings are electrically connected by interconnecting the bus bar portions.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The thickness of solar cell is reduced, electric power generation efficiency is improved and the characteristics of solar cell module is enhanced. The solar cell module can be produced easily at low cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of solar cell module.    Solar cell (100)    Interconnections (109,110)    Substrate (111)    Slit (112)    Bus bar portions (114,115)
NOVELTY - The semiconductor device (200) has a resin film (12) having a through-hole (17) penetrated from one side to other side. An organic semiconductor (30) is arranged inside the through-hole. The upper surface of the organic semiconductor is covered by an insulating film (22). The insulating film is covered by a gate electrode (20g). A source electrode (20s) is connected with the lower surface of the organic semiconductor. A drain electrode (20d) is connected with lower surface of the organic semiconductor.    USE - Semiconductor device for image display apparatus (claimed) e.g. organic-electroluminescent (EL) display apparatus. Can also be used in LCD apparatus, electronic paper, radio frequency identification (RFID) equipment, multi processing unit (MPU), solar cell, personal computer, sensor and plasma display apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The semiconductor elements are formed at higher density. The size and the thickness of the image display apparatus can be reduced.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) semiconductor device manufacturing method; and    (2) image display apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the semiconductor device.    Semiconductor device (12)    Through-hole (17)    Drain electrode (20d)    Gate electrode (20g)    Source electrode (20s)    Insulating film (22)    Organic semiconductor (30)    Semiconductor device (200)
NOVELTY - The microfluidic fuel cell comprises a first substrate having a pair of microchannels extending along its facing surface, a second substrate having nanochannels extending along its facing surface, and a silica-based binder applied to the facing surfaces. The substrates are in contact with each other with the binder between the adjoining facing surfaces with the microchannels transverse to the nanochannels. The binder is removed from the microchannels. A fuel present in the microchannels and an oxidant present in the other microchannels.    USE - The microfluidic fuel cell such as an electrochemical energy conversion device is useful in running low power devices in remote locations such as spacecraft, remote weather stations, large parks and rural locations, and in military applications.    ADVANTAGE - The microfluidic fuel cell: is portable and compact; resists leakage of fuel or oxidant; and has low internal resistance, high reliability and higher efficiencies in converting chemical energy to electrical energy especially when operated under low power density conditions.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The microfluidic fuel cell comprises a first substrate having a pair of microchannels extending along its facing surface, a second substrate having nanochannels extending along its facing surface, and a silica-based binder applied to the facing surfaces. The substrates are in contact with each other with the binder between the adjoining facing surfaces with the microchannels transverse to the nanochannels. The binder is removed from the microchannels. A fuel present in the microchannels and an oxidant present in the other microchannels. The microchannels are 10-100 microns deep and 200-1000 microns wide. The nanochannels are 50-500 nanometers deep and 100-500 microns wide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a chart of the performance of a microfluidic fuel cell.
NOVELTY - Down-conversion light-emitting transparent microcrystalline glass comprises rare earth metal ions (1-40 mol%) doped to oxyfluoride microcrystalline glass base body (1-50 mol.%).    USE - Down-conversion light-emitting transparent microcrystalline glass for solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The glass has low phonon energy, and excellent processing characteristic and chemical characteristic of oxide glass, with quantum efficiency of more than 1; does not tend to age under long outdoor radiation of light; and can form transparent plate or super-thin plate.
NOVELTY - A nonwoven material is a nonwoven base web containing pulp fibers (50 wt.% or more) and conductive fibers (1 wt.% or more). The conductive fibers are carbon fibers, metallic fibers, conductive polymeric fibers, and/or metal coated fibers. The nonwoven base web has conductive zone(s) that has resistance of less than 1500 Ohms/square. The nonwoven base web comprises uncreped, and wet-laid web. Preferably conductive fiber is carbon fiber. The nonwoven base web further contains synthetic fibers (5-20 wt.%).    USE - Nonwoven material is used for wetness sensing device within absorbent articles such as diaper, training pant, incontinence product, feminine hygiene product, medical garment, swim undergarments and bandage, and fuel cell membrane and battery electrode used in printed electronic devices.    ADVANTAGE - The nonwoven material has excellent resistance and tensile strength. The wetness sensing devices emits signal such as audible signal and/or visible signal, when conductive substance such as urine or fecal substance is detected in the absorbent article.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for production of conductive paper web.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows side view of process for forming multilayered web.    Headbox (10)    Upper headbox wall (12)    Lower headbox wall (14)    Dividers (16,18)
NOVELTY - The device has two fuel suppliers (1, 2) connected with each other through a channel (3) of length 5 to 300 millimeters, and a driven type fuel battery. The channel is made of metal, rubber, plastic, glass or ceramics, and ratio of the length to a cross section area of the channel is 250-400. An anode current collector (9) is positioned in an anode chamber (6), and a cathode current collector (10) is positioned in a cathode chamber (5). The cathode chamber and the fuel supplier (2) are connected with each other through a single-way valve (7).    USE - Fuel supplying device for a driven type fuel battery (claimed) and an organic fuel battery of a pint-sized electronic product.    ADVANTAGE - The influence of impurities in the fuel to the channel for connecting the fuel suppliers is low, so that the service life of the device is prolonged, and reliability of the device is improved. The device is easy to realize.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a driven type fuel battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a fuel supplying device of a driven type fuel battery.    Fuel suppliers (1, 2)    Channel (3)    Cathode chamber (5)    Anode chamber (6)    Single-way valve (7)    Anode current collector (9)    Cathode current collector (10)
NOVELTY - An aqueous solution is mixed with organic solvent (C) in which titanium alkoxide (B) is dissolved, to obtain a liquid mixture. The temperature of the liquid mixture is set to 120-180 degrees C, and the pressure of atmosphere is set to saturated vapor pressure in a fixed temperature, so that the liquid mixture reacts and forms a titania sol. The titania sol is baked, to obtain titania crystalline substance having one-dimensional structure. The aqueous solution contains block copolymer (A) having hydrophobic block and hydrophilic block, and has pH of 1-5.    USE - Manufacture of titania crystalline substance used for titania multilayer substrate for dye-sensitized solar cell (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The titania crystalline substance is efficiently manufactured. The titania multilayer substrate formed using titania crystalline substance has excellent photocatalyst characteristics and photoelectric transfer characteristics.
NOVELTY - An etchant for removing portions of a copper layer in a solar cell without etching a solderable tin layer comprises hydrogen peroxide and sulfuric acid.    USE - For removing portions of copper layer in solar cell without etching solderable tin layer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The etchant provides improved techniques for etching a copper layer, a titanium-tungsten layer, and/or aluminum layer without substantially etching a tin layer in a solar cell or similar device. The etchant provides not only allow selectivity to materials found in solar cells, but also have relatively high etch capacity, are cost-effective, and are easily replenished and controlled. The etchant can be employed to etch a single layer of material or a stack of materials in solar cell fabrication processes.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for an etchant for removing portions of an aluminum layer in a solar cell without excessively etching a tin layer, comprises potassium hydroxide.
NOVELTY - The solar cell module has a photovoltaic cell (3) comprising non-light-receiving surface and a light-receiving surface that opposes the back surface of a translucent substrate (1). A heat sink (6) comprising graphite powder and resin component, has its back surface opposing the non-light-receiving surface of the photovoltaic cell. The corrugations similar to radiation fins are provided on the surface of heat sink.    USE - Solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell module is lightweight and inexpensive. The decline in electric power generation by temperature rise of photovoltaic cell can be prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of solar cell module. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Translucent substrate (1)    Photovoltaic cell (3)    Tab line (4)    Heat sink (6)    Light receiving surface side filler (21)
NOVELTY - The apparatus has a photoelectric conversion layer (30) comprising amorphous silicon semiconductor layers (5,6) that are formed on a translucent conductive layer (3). An electric charge carrying layer (9) is formed between a counter-electrode side structure (20) and a catalyst layer (7) which is formed on the layer (30). A sealing layer (8) covers the circumference of layers (7,20,30). The gap (16) formed between the sealing layer and the conversion layer has an insulating layer (15) which covers the translucent conductive layer formed in the gap.    USE - Photoelectric conversion apparatus for photovoltaic apparatus e.g. amorphous silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage between the translucent conductive layer and photoelectric conversion layer is suppressed. Thus, the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of photoelectric conversion apparatus.    Translucent conductive layer (3)    Amorphous silicon semiconductor layers (5,6)    Catalyst layer (7)    Sealing layer (8)    Electric charge carrying layer (9)    Insulating layer (15)    Gap (16)    Counter-electrode side structure (20)    Photoelectric conversion layer (30)
NOVELTY - A back surface protection sheet comprises inorganic oxide layer (2) in surface(s) of polyethylene naphthalate film (1) (PEN film). The reactive ion etching processing (RIE processing) which utilized plasma for surface in which inorganic oxide layer(s) of PEN film is provided is performed. The functional group ratio (C=O/CC) calculated from analysis of C1s waveform is 0.03-0.15 when X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurement (where X-ray source is MgK alpha , and X-ray output is 100 W) of PEN film surface which performed RIE processing is performed.    USE - A back surface protection sheet for solar cell modules.    ADVANTAGE - The back surface protection sheet is excellent in heat resistance, weather resistance, water resistance, dampproofing and light resistance. The sheet is extremely excellent in durability, and has high protection performance with respect to solar cell module.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional schematic view of the back surface protection sheet for solar cell modules.    PEN film (1)    Inorganic oxide layer (2)    Surface treatment layer by RIE processing (3)
NOVELTY - A thin film solar cell module (1) has a surface transparent electrode layer (22), a thin film semiconductor photoelectric conversion unit (23) and a back surface electrode layer with a transparent conductive layer and a high-reflecting film (26) having a high reflective plastic film formed sequentially on a transparent substrate (21). The high reflective plastic film has reflectance at wavelength of 400-600 nm of 80% or more.    USE - Thin film solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The thin film solar cell module has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency, optical efficiency and electric power generation efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the thin film solar cell module.    Thin film solar cell module (1)    Transparent substrate (21)    Surface transparent electrode layer (22)    Photoelectric conversion unit (23)    High-reflecting film (26)
NOVELTY - The method involves selectively forming phosphorus slurry (4) on positive electrode's positions at equal intervals in a crystalline silicon chip (1). The high temperature diffusion processes are performed before and after removing phosphorosilicate glass.    USE - Selective diffusion method used for crystalline silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The selective emitter zone structure of solar battery can be obtained, the manufacturing processes are simplified and reduced, and the generation of pollutants during manufacturing processes is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the crystalline silicon solar battery.    Crystalline silicon chip (1)    Phosphorus slurry (4)
NOVELTY - The method involves printing phosphorus slurry (4) selectively based on gap on a surface of crystalline silicon chip (1), and roasting the slurry. Diffusion is executed in chain type diffusion furnace, and a phosphor silicate glass is removed. A position at which the slurry is selectively printed, and is the printing position of the positive electrode.    USE - Diffusion method for crystalline silicon solar battery of an industrial area.    ADVANTAGE - The method obtains a selective emitter structure of the solar battery conveniently, and produces less pollution. The method is simple and easy to achieve.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of a crystalline silicon solar battery.    Crystalline silicon chip (1)    Phosphorus slurry (4)
NOVELTY - The dual cavity alternate amorphous silicon photovoltaic film chemical vapor deposition device has vacuum cavity bodies which are set at vacuum coating machine. The electrode boxes are provided in the vacuum cavity bodies. The glasses are positioned in the electrode boxes. The vacuum cavity bodies share a vacuum obtain/pressure measurement system, a process gas/flow amount control system, and a radio-frequency power supply/matcher system. A rail is set in the vacuum cavity body. The electrode box is provided on the rail.    USE - Dual cavity alternate amorphous silicon photovoltaic film chemical vapor deposition device used for amorphous silicon film solar cell production.    ADVANTAGE - Improves reliability of dual cavity alternate amorphous silicon photovoltaic film chemical vapor deposition device during production of amorphous silicon film solar cell. Increases output of high quality low-speed deposition technology, and reduces production cost effectively.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of dual cavity alternate amorphous silicon photovoltaic film chemical vapor deposition device. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - An energy storing device using solar photovoltaic water comprises solar photovoltaic cell component, purified-water electrolytic cell, purified-water tank, hydrogen storing tank, oxygen storing tank and oxyhydrogen fuel cell.    USE - The energy storing device using solar photovoltaic water is useful for industrial application.    ADVANTAGE - The energy storing device, being environment friendly without causing pollution, enables repeated use and has long service life, simple structure, reliable technical principle and easy industrialization.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An energy storing device using solar photovoltaic water comprises solar photovoltaic cell component, purified-water electrolytic cell, purified-water tank, hydrogen storing tank, oxygen storing tank and oxyhydrogen fuel cell; the positive and negative power cords of the solar photovoltaic cell component are respectively connected with positive and negative power cords of purified-water electrolytic cell; the purified-water inlet of the purified-water electrolytic cell is connected with purified water outlet of purified-water tank whose purified-water inlet is connected with outlet of oxyhydrogen fuel cell; the hydrogen outlet of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell is connected with the hydrogen inlet of the hydrogen storing tank, and its oxygen outlet is connected with the oxygen inlet of the oxygen storing tank; the hydrogen outlet of the hydrogen storing tank is connected with hydrogen inlet of oxyhydrogen fuel cell, and a hydrogen control valve is arranged between them; the oxygen outlet of the oxygen storing tank is connected with an oxygen inlet of the oxyhydrogen fuel cell, and an oxygen control valve is arranged between them.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of energy storing device using solar photovoltaic water.
NOVELTY - A back surface protection sheet (a) has an adhesive layer (20) containing adhesive coating agent provided on the single surface or both surface of a base material (10). A polyvinyl fluoride layer (30) is formed by coating and heat-drying polyvinyl fluoride solution on the adhesive layer.    USE - Back surface protection sheet is used for solar cell module (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The back surface protection sheet provides solar cell module having excellent heat resistance, durability, weather resistance, hydrolysis resistance, damp proofing property, external appearance and gas barrier property. The back surface protection sheet efficiently maintains electric power output characteristics of solar cell for long period of time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of a back surface protection sheet.    Base material (10)    Adhesive layer (20)    Polyvinyl fluoride layer (30)    Back surface protection sheet (a)
NOVELTY - Carbon nanotubes (206) are formed on a catalytic metal layer disposed between the transparent electrode (201) and the metal oxide layer (207) by chemical vapor deposition. The catalytic metal layer with the buffer layer is formed to a certain thickness on the surface of the transparent electrode so that the nanotubes are grown on the surface of the transparent electrode. An electrolyte (202) is filled into a space between the transparent and counter (203) electrodes. A dye (208) is adsorbed on the surface of the metal oxide layer due to its large surface area.    USE - For a photoelectrochemical solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectrochemical device provides improved power conversion efficiency since the carbon nanotubes are formed at the interface between a transparent electrode and a metal oxide layer to decrease the resistance at the interface due to the uninhibited recombination reactions of electrons. To improve the catalytic effects of oxidation and reduction, the surface of the counter electrode facing the transparent electrode has a microstructure with increased surface area such as a platinum black or porous carbon.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for the method of forming the photoelectrochemical device.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of a photoelectrochemical device.    Transparent electrode (201)    Electrolyte (202)    Counter electrode (203)    Carbon nanotubes (206)    Metal oxide layer (207)    Dye (208)
NOVELTY - The method involves adopting a metal-oxide base and a substrate, and performing cleaning and hydrophilization treatment on the substrate. Mono-layer nano-particles are assembled on the substrate by a self-assembling technique, and a functional absorption method or an electric deposition method is adopted on the substrate to obtain an array structure of the mono-layer nano-particles. The array structure is used as a block layer for reaction ion etching of substrate by using gas, where the etched substrate obtains a tapered structure with anti-reflection performance.    USE - Method for constructing large-area anti-reflection surface patterned micro structure e.g. cell, white transducer and photo-electric device, in an optical system.    ADVANTAGE - The structure has a high anti-reflection performance to efficiently improve the utilization ratio of the luminous energy, and reduces the interference of the stray light and the optical transmission rate of the stray light in the optical system, thus improving the sensibility and stability of the optical system. The structure is easy to process and inexpensive, has better adaptability, repeatability and high efficiency. The anti-reflection proper wave-length of the structure is adjustable. The metal-oxide base of the structure is variable.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The substrate is made of silicon, glass, quartz, polymer and metal or metal-oxide material. The mono-layer nano-particles are made of polystyrene or poly-methyl methacrylate material, gold, silver, silicon dioxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide and ferric oxide or manganese dioxide material. The gas for reaction ion etching of substrate is a mixture of sulfur hexafluoride, trifluoromethane, oxide and argon.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a large-area anti-reflection surface patterned micro-structure constructing method. '(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - A p-type silicon semiconductor layer, i-type silicon semiconductor layer and n-type silicon semiconductor layer are formed. A pin-junction is formed by combining the formed semiconductor layers, and thus a photoelectric-converting layer is formed to enable photoelectric conversion apparatus. The i-type silicon semiconductor layer is formed by plasma-chemical vapor deposition method at film forming temperature of 100-250 degrees C. The i-type silicon semiconductor layer contains fine-crystalline silicon-germanium containing 50 atomic% or more of germanium.    USE - Manufacture of photoelectric conversion apparatus (claimed) used as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photoelectric conversion apparatus is manufactured efficiently and effectively. The reduction of power generation characteristics is suppressed by increasing germanium concentration.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the graph illustrating film forming temperature dependency of germanium concentration.
NOVELTY - A semiconductor surface of solar cell is subjected to plasma process using nitrogen gas, and the oxide film is removed on the surface of the semiconductor. A silicon nitride (1) film (24) is formed on the surface of the semiconductor by surface wave plasma process.    USE - Formation of film used for solar cell (claimed), photoconductive drum and LCD.    ADVANTAGE - The film has excellent anti-reflection property, and provides cell having excellent electrical property.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A semiconductor surface of solar cell is subjected to plasma process using nitrogen gas, and the oxide film is removed on the surface of the semiconductor. A silicon nitride (SiNx, where x is not defined) film (24) is formed on the surface of the semiconductor by surface wave plasma process. The semiconductor is crystalline silica of single crystal and/or polycrystal. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for film-forming apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of a solar cell.    P-type silicon substrate (21)    N-type diffused layer (22)    Silicon nitride film (24)    Surface electrode (25)    Back surface electrode (26)
NOVELTY - The electrode (10) has a glass substrate (11), and a transparent conductive film (12) arranged on a surface (11a) of the glass substrate. Glass particles (14) are isolated between the transparent conductive film and a porous layer (13), or between the glass substrate and the transparent conductive film respectively. Each glass particle is in contact with the transparent conductive film. The glass particles are scattered along the interface of a surface (12a) of the transparent conductive film and the porous layer.    USE - Negative electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed), i.e. silicon type solar cell, that is utilized as a power supply of a calculator. Can also be used as an electric power supply of residence.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode reliably suppresses exfoliation of the transparent conductive film and the porous layer. The electrode has simple manufacturing process to reduce manufacturing cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a negative electrode manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a negative electrode.    Negative electrode (10)    Glass substrate (11)    Surfaces (11a, 12a)    Transparent conductive film (12)    Porous layer (13)    Glass particles (14)
NOVELTY - A carbon nanosheet titanate nanotube composite is obtained by reacting an organic titanium compound and a layered graphite oxide in an organic solvent, and hydrothermally treating the obtained product in an aqueous alkali solution.    USE - Manufacture of carbon nanosheet titanate nanotube composite used in manufacture of carbon nanosheet titania nanorod composites for processing agents used for removing organic pollutants (all claimed) during manufacture of pure water used for surface-treatment of fresh vegetables, and potable quality water. The composites are used as photocatalysts. Can also be used in nano-electronic devices, sensors, and solar cells.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables manufacture of carbon nanosheet titanate nanotube composites having a special surface structure and surface affinity, and excellent absorption capacity and catalytic activity. The obtained composite enables efficient removal of organic environmental pollutants even when present in trace amounts.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a conceptual view of the treatment process.
NOVELTY - The apparatus has several ducts (16,18) connected to the power generating devices for conveying the multiple exhaust streams. Several collectors (22) are arranged for redirecting the multiple exhaust streams in the ducts to a unitary plenum (15). The collectors are arranged in an insulated housing in an ambient barometric environment.    USE - Apparatus for combining multiple heat exhaust streams from heat exhaust generating device used for fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus for combining multiple heat exhaust streams can more efficiently recover sensible and latent heat from the exhaust stream and hence the efficiency of the fuel cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for method of combining multiple heat exhaust streams.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the apparatus for combining multiple heat exhaust streams.    Plenum (15)    Ducts (16,18)    Lower unit (17)    Screen (19)    Collector (22)
NOVELTY - The transducer has a solar cell (1) provided between electrodes (3, 6). The electrode (3) is provided on a substrate (2), and the electrode (6) faces the electrode (3) and is supported by another substrate (7). An electron carrying layer (4) is located in a side of the electrode (3). An electrolyte layer (5) contains an electrolyte solution with a redox ion, and has a fibrous material comprising a semiconductor material. The fibrous material has a porous part (42) with a hole through which the redox ion passes.    USE - Photoelectric transducer for an electronic device (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The configuration of the transducer ensures improved photoelectric conversion. The transducer is inexpensive.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method of manufacturing an electron carrying layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a photoelectric transducer.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    Solar cell (1)    Substrates (2, 7)    Electrodes (3, 6)    Electron carrying layer (4)    Electrolyte layer (5)    Porous part (42)
NOVELTY - An optical absorption layer is formed with fine-crystalline silicon film, by surface wave excitation plasma processing. The plasma processing generates a radical using argon gas as process gas.    USE - Method for forming film for thin film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method provides film having high quality and crystallization rate, and reduced defects.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows film forming apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Film forming apparatus (1)    Chamber (2)    Derivative board (3)    Microwave inlet tube (4)    Process gas inlet tube (5)
NOVELTY - The cell has a hydrogenation amorphous silicon oxide layer of one conductivity type i.e. p-type, arranged through hydrogenation amorphous silicon layer on a crystalline-silicon board of another conductivity type i.e. n-type. Silane gas is provided to prepare the crystalline-silicon board of the latter conductivity type in a crystalline-silicon substrate face by a plasma processing, where the gas contains impurities of the former conductivity type, the silane gas and carbon dioxide that are provided to form the silicon layer.    USE - Crystalline-silicon hetero junction-type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell increases short circuit current density and improves conversion efficiency of the cell by utilizing the hydrogenation amorphous silicon oxide layer. The solar cell has a thin-film with excellent light transmission by utilizing a fine crystal, which has optical absorption of a visible region.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a preparation method for a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a solar cell.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - A silicon is vapor-deposited on a substrate (10), and then ion beam containing hydrogen ion is irradiated on the vapor-deposited silicon substrate. Thus, hydrogenated amorphous-silicon film is formed on the substrate by ion beam assistant vapor deposition method.    USE - Manufacture of hydrogenated amorphous-silicon film used for photoelectric material such as solar cell, image sensor and photoreceptor, and thin film transistor material used for pixels in liquid crystal display.    ADVANTAGE - The hydrogenated amorphous-silicon film of high quality is formed efficiently, and has reduced spin density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for film forming apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of ion beam assistant vapor deposition apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Vacuum vessel (1)    Deposition source (3)    Ion source (6)    Faraday cup (8)    Substrate (10)
NOVELTY - The street lamp has a power control circuit unit (120), which outputs a control signal for turning off the direct current (DC) power to a DC-DC converter (118) when detecting an abnormal temperature. An optical power unit (140) is molded with epoxy by combining a white high power light emitting diode (LED) and a yellow high power LED turned on according to driving power at a certain ratio.    USE - Street lamp for use with a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The street lamp has an optical power unit, which is molded with epoxy by combining a white high power LED and a yellow high power LED turned on according to driving power at a certain ratio, and thus reduces power consumption and the replacement cost of the LED lamp by extending a lifetime of the LED lamp.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a street lamp. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Solar cell (112)    Direct current to direct current converter (118)    Power control circuit unit (120)    Optical power unit (140)    Temperature detection unit (160)
NOVELTY - The fuel cell module has several fuel cell stacks (9) and an anode tail gas oxidizer (ATO) that is connected with several fuel cell stacks. A base supports several fuel cell stacks and ATO. A multi stream heat exchanger (13) is located in the base.    USE - Fuel cell stack module for fuel cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of the fuel cell stack module is increased by using multi stream heat exchanger.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (9)    Heat exchanger (13)    ATO inlet (22)    Multi stream steam generator (103)    Conduit (113)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a semiconductor electrode layer (20) arranged between a lower electrode structure (10) and an upper electrode structure, in contact with the lower electrode structure. A porous high molecular layer (30) is arranged between the semiconductor electrode layer and the upper electrode structure. A liquid electrolyte is filled in the pores of the porous high molecular layer. A platinum layer is arranged between the upper electrode structure and the porous layer. The size of the pores is 10nm-100mm, and the thickness of the porous layer is 5-50mm.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The leakage of the liquid electrolyte is prevented and the electric performance of the solar cell is improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method of fabricating dye-sensitized solar cell; and    (2) method of forming porous layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the dye-sensitized solar cell.    Lower electrode structure (10)    Lower substrate (12)    Lower electrode layer (14)    Semiconductor electrode layer (20)    Porous high molecular layer (30)
NOVELTY - The method involves diffusing phosphorus on a surface of a p-type semiconductor (1) having a long-wire shape to form an n-type semiconductor (2) layer. A conductive ink is applied on an exposure section of the semiconductor (1) to form an electrode (6). The ink is applied onto the semiconductor (2) in a perpendicular line direction at the exposure section to form an electrode (5). Two electrode bus bars (8, 11) are printed on an electrode lower wire section (7) and an electrode upper wire section (10), respectively. Upper and lower plates are added to a resultant structure.    USE - Method for manufacturing a wire-type solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces the consumption amount of silicon by employing wire-type silicon. The method enables manufacture of the wire-type solar cell in a simple manner. The method provides high utilization of the solar cell and reduces the cost of the solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a wire-type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of a method for manufacturing a wire-type solar cell.    P-type semiconductor (1)    N-type semiconductor (2)    Electrodes (5, 6)    Electrode lower wire section (7)    Electrode bus bars (8, 11)    Electrode upper wire section (10)
NOVELTY - Electrode preparation involves adding a catalyst powder with a dispersion solvent to prepare a catalyst ink. A gas diffusion layer is heated at a temperature range of boiling point of the dispersion solvent of +25 degrees C and -25 degrees C. The prepared catalyst ink is coated by a gas diffusion layer to form a catalyst layer.    USE - Method for preparing an electrode for a fuel cell.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode preparation method increases pore of a catalyst layer and improves the battery property.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an electron micrograph of the electrode.
NOVELTY - A polycrystalline silicon solar cell comprises substrate (10), antireflective layer (20), and silicon layers (40, 50, 60), in sequence. At least one of the layers include metal component and is crystalline. The silicon layers can have n-type or p-type conductivity. The substrate comprises glass, plastics, silicon or metal.    USE - A polycrystalline silicon solar cell for use in photovoltaic technologies that convert solar light directly into electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell has high conversion efficiency and high electron mobility, and is produced at lower manufacturing costs. The antireflective layer prevents deterioration in the efficiency of the solar cell by making it sure that incident solar light through the substrate is reflected to the outside immediately without being absorbed by the silicon layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method for manufacturing the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the solar cell.    Substrate (10)    Antireflective layer (20)    Transparent conductive layer (30)    Silicon layers (40, 50, 60)    Electrode (70)
NOVELTY - A catalyst precursor containing 5-40 mol% of cobalt/carbon, nickel/carbon, molybdenum-cobalt/carbon or molybdenum-nickel/carbon is prepared by steeping in strong sulfuric acid or nitric acid, and reduced in mixed gas atmosphere of argon and hydrogen, to obtain pyrolyzed catalyst. A carbon nanotube is grown in situ on the pyrolyzed catalyst by ethanol, and the resulting product is mixed with acetylene black and adhesive, to obtain graphite carbon nanotube composite electrode material.    USE - Preparation of graphite carbon nanotube composite electrode material for lithium ion battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method effectively and uniformly mixes graphite and carbon nanotube by growing carbon nanotube in situ on the surface of graphite, and modified graphite carbon nanotube composite electrode material is provided.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of multilayer graphite carbon nanotube composite electrode material.
NOVELTY - The stack (100) has a membrane electrode assembly (114) formed by attaching a cathode (113) and an anode (112) to both sides of an electrolyte membrane (111). A plate (115) is installed on both sides of the membrane electrode assembly. Collectors (120) are arranged on an outer surface of an outermost unit stack of unit stacks (110) for collecting electricity. Outer sidewalls (130) support the unit stacks. Holes are positioned on the unit stacks, the collectors and the outer sidewalls. Binding members (150) are inserted into the holes to bond the unit stacks with each other at same time.    USE - Module type fuel cell stack.    ADVANTAGE - The stack is convenient to maintain and repair. The stack enables uniform distribution of surface pressure between unit cells.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for modularizing a module type fuel cell stack.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a module type fuel cell stack.    Module type fuel cell stack (100)    Unit stacks (110)    Electrolyte membrane (111)    Anode (112)    Cathode (113)    Membrane electrode assembly (114)    Plate (115)    Collectors (120)    Outer sidewalls (130)    Binding members (150)
NOVELTY - The cell has an electrolyte solution reclaimed to a space between two electrodes (401, 402), where one of the electrodes facing another electrode is provided with a nanowire (403). The nanowire has semiconductor oxide and surface-coated dye molecule. A conductive film is coated on a transparent plastic substrate or a glass substrate in the latter electrode. The oxide of the nanowire is zinc oxide or tin ash. The oxide of a nanoparticle is titanium dioxide. The semiconductor oxide is a mixture selected in group consisting of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide and tungsten oxide.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar battery has high photoelectricity conversion rate by serving structure with composite structure of the nanoparticle and the nanowire. The high photoelectron transport efficiency and the high optoelectronic generation efficiency can be easily improved. The dye-sensitized solar cell manufacturing process is made simple to reduce the solar battery production cost.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a dye-sensitized solar cell.    Electrodes (401, 402)    Nanowire (403)    Nanoparticle (404)
NOVELTY - An organic solar cell has a transparent conducting electrode of a zinc oxide thin film comprising an organic photoelectric conversion layer, a cathode, and an anode. The organic photoelectric conversion layer is configured to form an exciton through projected lights. The cathode receives electrons from the exciton. The anode comprising indium is formed on a substrate to receive electron hole from the exciton.    USE - Organic solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The organic solar cell has excellent photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An organic solar cell has a transparent conducting electrode of a zinc oxide thin film comprising an organic photoelectric conversion layer, a cathode, and an anode. The organic photoelectric conversion layer is configured to form an exciton through projected lights. The cathode receives electrons from the exciton. The anode comprising indium is formed on a substrate to receive electron hole from the exciton. The transparent conducting electrode of zinc oxide thin film is deposited in gaseous atmosphere comprising inactive gas and hydrogen. The substrate is glass or high molecular weight organic material film.
NOVELTY - Heat transfer composition (A) comprises: at least one fluorinated ether fluid free from functional groups (fluid (H1)); at least one solid nano-sized additive (0.01-5 wt.%) comprising metal, metal oxide or carbonaceous material particles, having an average particle size of less than 2000 nm (additive (N)); and at least one functional (per)fluoropolyether (PFPE) (0.1-10 wt.%) comprising recurring units and at least one functional group (functional PFPE (F1)), where the recurring units comprise at least one ether linkage in the main chain and fluorine atom (fluoropolyoxyalkene chain).    USE - (A) is useful for heat transfer (claimed), in applications e.g. vapor compression air conditioning, refrigeration systems of all types, secondary heat transfer fluids and other heating or cooling fluid applications (e.g. computer processors thermal storage systems, heating pipes, fuel cells, and hot water and steam systems).    ADVANTAGE - (A) has improved thermal conductivity properties, which translate to improved energy efficiency performance in a variety of heat transfer dependant applications. The Fluids (HFE) in (A) has good heat transfer performances over a wide liquid temperature range along with optimum safety (non-flammability and low toxicity) and environmental (low-ozone depleting and low global warming) properties.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a process for manufacturing (I), comprising mixing the functional PFPE (F1) with the additive (N) to obtain treated additive (N) particles having on their surface the functional PFPE (F1); and dispersing the obtained treated additive (N) in the fluid (H1).
NOVELTY - The method involves connecting a gas supply unit to a seasoning chamber. A target component is arranged inside the seasoning chamber and supported by a fixture (408) that is connected to a vacuum pump. The plasma is generated inside the seasoning chamber by an upper electrode and a lower electrode for seasoning the target component. The target component is installed in an electronic device manufacturing system after seasoning the target component.    USE - Method for seasoning component of manufacturing system of electronic device such as electronic display and solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the target component is installed in the electronic device manufacturing system after seasoning the target component, the time required for manufacturing electronic device can be reduced. The performance of the electronic device can be improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) system for seasoning component of electronic device manufacturing system; and    (2) method of improving performance of electronic device manufacturing facility.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the system for seasoning component of electronic device manufacturing system.    System for seasoning component of electronic device manufacturing system (400)    Chamber walls (402)    Electrode portions (404,406)    Fixture (408)    Leg (410)
NOVELTY - The method of etching a layer of material in a solar cell, comprises etching aluminum layer without etching a tin layer of a solar cell using an etchant comprises potassium hydroxide (1 vol.%) in water.    USE - The method is useful for etching a layer of material in a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method is capable of economically etching a layer of material in a solar cell with high etching capacity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a method of fabricating a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flow diagram illustrating a method of etching materials in a solar cell.    Remove plating mask (502)    Rinsing step (504)    Copper etch (506)    Rinsing step (508)    Titanium-tungsten etch (510)    Rinsing step. (512)
NOVELTY - A top surface of peripheral portion of a conductive resin adhesive (14) protrudes from a wiring material (2) to form an exposed portion (80). A conductive resin adhesive is attached on the upper surface of a connection electrode (12B) that is provided on a light receiving surface (11A) of a photoelectric converter (11).    USE - Solar cell module .    ADVANTAGE - The decrease of the output of the solar cell module due to the exposure of the conductive adhesive to the light receiving surface is prevented.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross sectional view of the solar cell module.    Wiring material (2)    Photoelectric converter (11)    Light receiving surface (11A)    Connection electrode (12B)    Conductive resin adhesive (14)    Exposed portion (80)
NOVELTY - A power supply unit has lithium-polymer battery which is recharged using solar power supply element, and alternating current (AC) power supply for supplying the electric power to light source with LED matrix. A motion detector (12) detects movement of people, a battery monitoring unit monitors conditions of the rechargeable battery and a light sensor (13) measures the amount of the light in predetermined area. The microcontroller (30) controls the power supply unit and light source according to the reference information generated based on the outputs of the sensors.    USE - Energy saving lighting system. Uses include but are not limited to emergency lighting backup, visual warning, surveillance system recording, energy saving lighting for commercial, industry and residential area and lighting in remote area.    ADVANTAGE - Power consumption is reduced and the durability of battery is improved by charging and discharging the battery based on the status of battery and environmental condition.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for power saving lighting process.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a circuit diagram of the microcontroller of the energy saving lighting system.    Motion detector (12)    Light sensor (13)    Microcontroller (30)
NOVELTY - A resin substrate has resin layer (1), and surface layer (2) which is formed on the surface of the resin layer. The surface layer has silicon-nitride layer (I) (2a) which is formed on the surface of resin layer at film-forming start temperature of 50 degrees C with chemical vapor deposition method. The resin substrate has silicon-nitride layer (II) (2b) which is formed on the surface of silicon-nitride layer (I) at film-forming start temperature of 170 degrees C with chemical vapor deposition.    USE - Resin substrate used for electric circuit board (claimed) such as flexible printed circuit board used in electronic components such as liquid crystal display element, organic electroluminescent, organic semiconductor, organic conductor, flexible solar cell and organic light emitting diode.    ADVANTAGE - The resins substrate has excellent peeling strength, water-vapor barrier property and flexibility. The electronic components comprising the resin substrate is reliable and compact.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for the manufacture of resin substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of the resin substrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Resin layer (1)    Resin base layer (1a)    Surface layer (2)    Silicon-nitride layer (2a,2b)    Electric circuit layer (3)
NOVELTY - A resin substrate has a polyimide resin layer (1), and a surface layer (2) formed on the polyimide resin layer. The surface layer has silicon nitride layer(s) containing silicon nitride as a main component. The silicon nitride layer(s) is formed on the polyimide resin layer by chemical vapor deposition method at film-forming start temperature of 50 degrees C.    USE - Resin substrate is used for electric circuit board (claimed) and flexible printed wiring board for flexible display such as liquid crystal display element, organic light emitting diode and flexible solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The resin substrate is excellent in peeling strength and water vapor barrier property. The electric circuit board has excellent flexibility and less weight.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of resin substrate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the resin substrate. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Polyimide resin layer (1)    Polyimide-resin base layer (1a)    Surface layer (2)    Electric circuit layer (3)    Electrode layer (4)
NOVELTY - The method involves forming a groove on a p-type silicon substrate (100) by wet etching or dry etching. N-type dopant source (120) made of phosphorus is filled in the groove by spraying phosphorus chloride oxide on the substrate with a carrier gas. P-type dopant source made of aluminum stick is filled in the groove when the substrate is made of n-type material. High concentration n-type doped material is doped in a region (130) besides a low concentration n-type doped region (140) of a photodiode. The high concentration n-type doped region is connected with an electrode.    USE - Method for fabricating a p-n junction solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The high concentration n-type doped material is doped in the region besides the low concentration n-type doped region of the photodiode, thus increasing the efficiency of the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view illustrating a p-n junction solar cell.    P-type silicon substrate (100)    N-type dopant source (120)    High concentration n-type doped region (130)    Low concentration n-type doped region (140)
NOVELTY - The solar roof has a flexible solar cell layer comprising several solar cells (142) covered on the outer surface of a dome shaped roof, the dome shape being a hemispherical or spheroid dome. The flexible solar cell layer has a flexible substrate formed on the roof surface, a back metal contact layer, a P-type semiconductor layer, a P-N junction layer, a N-type semiconductor layer, and a front metal contact layer sequentially formed one over the other on the flexible substrate.    USE - Solar roof for solar building (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The solar cells formed on the outer surface of the dome shaped roof are capable of absorbing sunrays regardless of a position of the sun in the sky, thus increasing the efficiency of the solar building.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic perspective view of a solar building, together with the sun in the winter.    Solar building (10)    Building wall (12)    Sun (30)    Solar cells (142)
NOVELTY - A peripheral sidewall enclosure (204) supports roof (202). The peripheral sidewall enclosure and roof are made of glass. A solar cell (100) with substrate, back metal contact layer, p and n-types semiconductor layers and p-n junction layers are formed on the exterior surface of roof and peripheral sidewall enclosure.    USE - Solar building.    ADVANTAGE - Since the solar cell is formed exterior surface of roof and peripheral sidewall enclosure, the efficiency of solar cell for collecting the sunrays is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of solar building.    Solar cell (100)    Main structure (200)    Roof (202)    Peripheral sidewall enclosure (204)
NOVELTY - The module has a photoelectric conversion part (20) for producing photo generated carriers. A collecting electrode (40) provided on a principal surface collects the carriers. Resin adhesive (12) is provided between a wiring member (11) and the surface. Circumference of a cross-section of the member is convexly formed, where the section is perpendicular to a direction. Width (W1) of a connection region in which the member and the electrode are electrically connected is substantially larger than half the width (W2) of the member in another direction perpendicular to the former direction.    USE - Solar cell module for use in a house and a building.    ADVANTAGE - The module effectively improves the collecting efficiency of the solar cell and the adhesiveness of the wiring member by promoting degassing from the resin adhesive by preventing the mass of the gas from residual as a cavity after the thermo compression bonding process. The module facilitates the width of the connection region larger than the substantially half the width of the wiring member, thus securing electrical connection between the wiring member and the collecting electrode sufficiently. The module improves the mechanical connection strength between the wiring member and the connecting electrode.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell module comprising solar cells.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along the B-B line where a wiring member is bonded to a connecting electrode in a solar cell.    Width (W1, W2)    Solar cell (10)    Wiring member (11)    Soft conductor (11b, 11c)    Resin adhesive (12)    Conductive particles (13)    Photoelectric conversion part (20)    Connecting electrode (40)
NOVELTY - The plates have a separation membrane located between two assemblies of a fuel cell apparatus. Multiple bar-shaped supporters enter into a contact separation membrane and the two assemblies for maintaining a fixed distance between the two assemblies. The separation membrane is provided with multiple projections to form multiple channels between the separation membrane and one of the assemblies. The bar-shaped supporters are partially provided in the channels. Extension directions of the bar-shaped supporters are parallel to that of the channels.    USE - Runner plates for fuel cell apparatus.    ADVANTAGE - The runner plates are provided with lower flow resistance.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separation membrane is a metal thin slice. A surface of the metal thin slice is coated with a layer of resistant materials that refer to carbon tetra fluoride. The separation membrane is a plastic thin film. The material of the separation membrane is carbon tetra fluoride.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of runner plates.
NOVELTY - The method involves etching a quartz substrate (110) by forming a surface reformed layer by utilizing a random copolymer (120) of polystyrene-polymethyl metacrylate. A neutral brush (130) is formed in the upper side of the quartz substrate by utilizing the random copolymer. Lower part of the quartz substrate is adhered in which the surface and a nano template of a solar battery (150) are formed.    USE - Method for manufacturing a solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method reduces production costs, improves photoelectric conversion efficiency, and has long life time.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional illustration of a solar battery manufacturing method.    Quartz substrate (110)    Random copolymer (120)    Neutral brush (130)    Block copolymer film (140)    Solar battery (150)
NOVELTY - The solar cell has a passivation layer (305) formed on an interface between a crystalline silicon base substrate (300) of one type e.g. p-type, and an amorphous silicon layer (310) of another type e.g. n-type. A group of air gaps penetrates the front and back surfaces of the passivation layer. The crystalline silicon base substrate comes in contact with the amorphous silicon layer by the air gaps. The passivation layer can be selected from silicon di-oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride and intrinsic amorphous silicon.    USE - Point-contact heterojunction silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell reduces interfacial defect by minimizing a contact area between amorphous silicon and crystalline silicon, thus improving a packing factor of the solar cell, and improving the efficiency of the solar cell. The solar cell has high charge ratio.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a point-contact heterojunction silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a heterojunction silicon solar cell.    Crystalline silicon base substrate (300)    Passivation layer (305)    Amorphous silicon layer (310)    Transparent conducting oxide (320)    Upper electrode (330)    Bottom electrode (340)
NOVELTY - The present invention relates to a disc fuel cell module and manufacturing process thereof, which at least comprise a first insulation thin piece, a second insulation thin piece, a first disc plastic substrate, a second disc plastic substrate, a first charge-collection thin piece, a second charge-collection thin piece, and a Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA). Fuel is guided into the disc fuel cell module to generate electrical power by the chemical reaction of the fuel and the Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM). The present invention is characterized in that: the first insulation thin piece, the first disc plastic substrate, the first charge-collection thin piece, the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA), the second charge-collection thin piece, the second disc plastic substrate, and the second insulation thin piece are sequentially stacked, and the device of the present invention is completed by the lamination or stacking technology of multiple layers of disc after stacking.
NOVELTY - The operation method involves providing fuel and oxidant to the fuel cell stack at a fuel stoichiometry and an oxidant stoichiometry, respectively; circulating a coolant through the fuel cell stack at a coolant inlet temperature and a coolant flow rate; determining a stack outlet temperature; determining a target coolant flow rate based solely on the determined stack outlet temperature; and adjusting the coolant flow rate based on the determined target coolant flow rate.    USE - Method of operating a fuel cell stack having a fuel cell and used for e.g. automotive, backup power, and stationary applications, during load transient.    ADVANTAGE - Reduces non-steady state operation conditions. The coolant flow rate is varied based on the real-time conditions of the fuel cell stack, rather than immediately adjusted upon the load change. Eliminates the need of imposing a lag time when changing the operating conditions of the fuel cell stack. The operation method is simpler to implement than complex models, and does not require determination of the membrane resistance, which is often difficult and may require special equipment. Enables to take into consideration any fuel cell degradation that may affect the amount of heat that is generated during operation at various loads, which may be different for different fuel cell stack configurations.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a fuel cell system.
NOVELTY - The panel has a heat-transferred decorative pattern layer disposed between a lower upper ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) adhesive layer (4) and a basic glass bottom layer (5).    USE - Photovoltaic integrated solar panel for receiving solar energy.    ADVANTAGE - The panel is beautiful in appearance, and has good decoration effect.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a photovoltaic integrated solar panel.    Outer photovoltaic glass layer (1)    Upper ethylene vinyl acetate adhesive layer (2)    Silicon cell panel layer (3)    Lower upper ethylene vinyl acetate adhesive layer (4)    Basic glass bottom layer (5)
NOVELTY - Preparation of cadmium sulfide (CdS) and CdS/zinc sulfide (ZnS) core-shell quantum dot comprises dissolving cadmium oxide (CdO) or cadmium salt in long chain fatty acid to form cadmium precursor solution; dissolving sulfur powder in liquid paraffin to form sulfur precursor solution; reacting the cadmium and sulfur precursor solutions to form CdS quantum dot solution; reacting zinc salt and bis-trimethylsilyl sulfide ((TMS)2S) to form ZnS shell precursor solution; reacting the ZnS shell precursor solution and the CdS quantum dot solution; then purifying the resulting solution.    USE - Method for preparation of cadmium sulfide (CdS) and CdS/zinc sulfide core-shell quantum dot (claimed) used for laser, blue light-emitting marker, luminescent device, and solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The method has good repeatability, simple operation and cost-effective, and provides a highly stable quantum dot.
NOVELTY - A flexible substrate (10) is prepared. It contains resin material as a main component. A thermal-buffer layer (50) is formed over the substrate. A light-cutting layer (20) is formed over at least a region of the substrate. The non-monocrystalline film to be annealed is not to be formed over this region. It is then formed in the pattern over the substrate containing resin material as the main component. An inorganic crystalline film (30) is formed by irradiating the non-monocrystalline film with short-wavelength pulsed or excimer laser light.    USE - Process for producing a thin-film device that is used for manufacturing an electro-optic device or a thin-film sensor (claimed). Can also be used for wired semiconductor device substrate, solar cell, and thin-film transistor.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables annealing the non-monocrystalline film by the direct imaging technique. The light-cutting layer prevents damage from the short-wavelength light to the flexible substrate. The proportion of the short-wavelength light which reaches the substrate is reduced. An inorganic film having satisfactory quality is formed without damage from short-wavelength light to the low thermal resistivity substrate. A number of non-monocrystalline films formed of various materials can be annealed. Aside from this, the thin-film devices can be easily produced at a lower cost.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for    (1) thin-film device;    (2) electro-optic device;    (3) thin-film sensor    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the structure of a wired substrate as a thin-film device.    Flexible substrate (10)    Light-cutting layer (20)    Inorganic crystalline film (30)    Gas-barrier layers (40)    Thermal-buffer layer (50)
NOVELTY - A diode (14) has a top portion and a bottom portion. A dielectric coating material (16) is formed on the top portion and encapsulates the diode and the anode terminal (11) and a cathode terminal (13) of the diode. An under-fill dielectric material (15) occupies the space between the bottom portion of the diode and a board (9).    USE - Solar cell receiver for converting solar energy into electricity.    ADVANTAGE - The air gap between the diode and the board is eliminated. The under-fill dielectric material and the dielectric coating material have higher dielectric strength than air, so that the risk of the dielectric medium is eliminated and prevent the uncontrolled discharge of electricity. Thus the solar cells are protected.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar cell receiver.    Board (9)    Anode terminal (11)    Cathode terminal (13)    Diode (14)    Under-fill dielectric material (15)    Dielectric coating material (16)
NOVELTY - An anode electrode (20) is formed by stacking conductive polymer particles on a plastic substrate (10) by an electrostatic spray printing method. A photoactive layer (30) is formed on the anode electrode by gravure printing or spin coating and a cathode electrode (40) is formed on the photoactive layer by screen printing or evaporation deposition.    USE - Organic solar cell fabricating method.    ADVANTAGE - Anode electrode having excellent electrical characteristics is formed easily, so that the manufacturing cost of anode electrode is reduced. The productivity can be improved and fabrication cost can be reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating the fabrication process of the organic solar cell.    Plastic substrate (10)    Micro pattern (11)    Anode electrode (20)    Photoactive layer (30)    Cathode electrode (40)
NOVELTY - Manufacture of low halogen-containing titanium oxide powder involves contacting crude titanium oxide powder obtained by hydrolysis or oxidation of titanium halide gas in gaseous phase, with mixed gas containing alcohol and water vapor.    USE - Manufacture of low halogen-containing titanium oxide powder (claimed) used for catalyst, solar cell and raw material of dielectric material.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently manufactures titanium oxide powder having reduced halogen content, high dispersibility and purity.
NOVELTY - The catalyst has a support material except for activated carbons and zeolite. A silver-containing active mass and a copper -containing active mass are included in the catalyst, where the silver and copper in the mass amounts to 5 percentages of total weight of the catalyst. The catalyst has a pore structure having a maximum number of pores of diameter ranging from 6 nanometers to 11 nanometers. The support material consists of aluminum oxide.    USE - Catalyst for desulphurizing hydrocarbon containing gases e.g. natural/petroleum gas, and producing hydrogen in a fuel-cell application (all claimed), in combined heat and power unit (CHP) to simultaneously generate power and heat, in a mobile application such as passenger car, truck, bus and locomotive, and for power supply to house and for a gas engine.    ADVANTAGE - The catalyst has a pore structure with a maximum number of pores of diameter ranging from 6 nanometers to 11 nanometers, thus ensuring complete removal of sulfur commonest such without co-adsorption of hydrocarbons and achieving high absorption capacity for sulfur compounds such as sulfide, disulfide and tetrahydrothiophene, while suppressing benzene absorption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method for producing a catalyst    (2) a method for desulphurizing hydrocarbon containing gases.
NOVELTY - The thin film is deposited between a conductive substrate and a light collecting charge separating layer and/or over light collecting charge separating layer by simultaneously directing a series of gas flow along elongated channels such that the gas flow is parallel to surface of substrate and parallel to each other. The series of gas flow comprises a primary reactive gaseous material capable of reacting with a substrate surface treated with a second reactive gaseous material, and inert purge gas.    USE - Method for laminating thin film on conducting substrate of photovoltaic cell (claimed) such as dye-sensitized solar cell during manufacturing process.    ADVANTAGE - Unwanted electrolytic reaction can be prevented while allowing electron transfer between conductive substrate and light collecting charge separating layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) method for fabricating photovoltaic cell; and    (2) photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart illustrating the process for laminating material layers on conducting substrate of photovoltaic cell.    Gaseous material supplying step (1)    Primary reactive gaseous material flowing step (2)    Inert gas flowing step (4)    Secondary reactive gaseous material flowing step (6)    Relative movement step of substrate and channels (9)
NOVELTY - Hardened glass substrate has compressively-stressed layer on its surface and contains (in mass%) silica (40-71), alumina (3-21), lithium oxide (0-3.5), sodium oxide (7-20) and potassium oxide (0-15) as glass composition.    USE - Hardened glass substrate as cover glass for solar cell and display (both claimed) such as touch-panel display and flat panel display, mobile telephone, digital camera, personal digital assistant, window glass, magnetic discs, solid-state image sensor and tableware.    ADVANTAGE - Hardened glass substrate has high mechanical strength, excellent loss-of-clarity-proof property, reduced surface roughness and is manufactured economically with out defects.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Hardened glass substrate has compressively-stressed layer on its surface and contains (in mass%) silica (40-71), alumina (3-21), lithium oxide (0-3.5), sodium oxide (7-20) and potassium oxide (0-15) as glass composition. The glass substrate alternatively contain silica (4-71), alumina (8.5-21), lithium oxide (0-1), sodium oxide (10-19), potassium oxide (0-10), magnesium oxide (0-6), calcium oxide (0-6), strontium oxide (0-3), barium oxide (0-3) and zinc oxide (0-8) as glass composition. The glass composition further contains tin oxide (0.01-3) and zirconium oxide (0.001-10). INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) glass which contains (in mass%) silica (40-71), alumina (3-21), lithium oxide (0-3.5), sodium oxide (7-20) and potassium oxide (0-15); and    (2) manufacture of hardened glass substrate.
NOVELTY - A metamorphic buffer layer is formed on the substrate. The substrate is disposed within a processing chamber. A gallium precursor, a nitrogen precursor, an arsenic precursor and a phosphorus precursor are flown into the processing chamber. A gallium-nitrogen-arsenic-phosphorus quaternary alloy is grown on the metamorphic buffer layer with gallium precursor, nitrogen precursor, arsenic precursor and phosphorus precursor.    USE - Method of forming gallium-nitrogen-arsenic-phosphorus quaternary alloy on substrate used for material system for forming solar cell device (both claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables formation of gallium-nitrogen-arsenic-phosphorus quaternary alloy on substrate efficiently.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A metamorphic buffer layer is formed on the substrate. The substrate is disposed within a processing chamber. A gallium precursor, a nitrogen precursor, an arsenic precursor and a phosphorus precursor are flown into the processing chamber. A gallium-nitrogen-arsenic-phosphorus quaternary alloy is grown on the metamorphic buffer layer with gallium precursor, nitrogen precursor, arsenic precursor and phosphorus precursor. The lattice constant of gallium-nitrogen-arsenic-phosphorus quaternary alloy is approximately same as lattice constant of metamorphic buffer layer, and substantially different from the lattice constant of substrate. The substrate contains gallium phosphate. The metamorphic buffer layer contains gallium-arsenic phosphide, indium-gallium phosphide, indium-gallium-arsenic phosphide or indium-gallium-nitrogen phosphide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the monocrystalline solar cell.
NOVELTY - An electrolyte (300) is provided on the surface of substrate (I) (100) and (II) (200). Titanium oxide slurry is coated on the substrate (I), to form titanium oxide layer (130). The obtained titanium oxide layer is dried and subjected the layer to irradiation of ultraviolet ray and ozone treatment. Then, a dye is absorbed in the layer. The layer is subjected to heat-treatment, sintering process and forms conductor layer (A) (120). The substrate (II) has conductor layer (B) (220) and platinum layer (230). Thus, the dye sensitized solar cell is manufactured.    USE - Manufacture of dye sensitized solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method efficiently provides dye sensitized solar cell with excellent quantum efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An electrolyte is provided on the surface of substrate (I) and (II). Titanium oxide slurry is coated on the substrate (I), to form titanium oxide layer. The obtained titanium oxide layer is dried and subjected the layer to irradiation of ultraviolet ray and ozone treatment. Then, a dye is absorbed in the layer. The layer is subjected to heat-treatment, sintering process and forms conductor layer (I). The substrate (II) has conductor layer (II) and platinum layer. Thus, the dye sensitized solar cell is manufactured. The dye is chosen from indoline type organic compound, coumarin based organic compound and ruthenium type organometallic compound. The electrolyte contains lithium iodide, acetonitrile, iodine, tertiary butylpyridine and 1,2-dimethyl-3-propyl imidazolinum iodide.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of dye sensitive solar cell.    Substrates (100,200)    Conductor layers (120,220)    Titanium oxide layer (130)    Platinum layer (230)    Sealing component (400)
NOVELTY - The method involves extruding a parison of a thermoplastic material with two opposite walls, and placing the parison in a mold with a complementary upper half (10b). The mold is closed in a manner to create an intermediate zone in a plane intermediate zone (16b) between a main linear cavity (11b) and a small transversal cavity (14b), and the walls are placed side by side in a sealed manner with gas in the intermediate zone. The gas is insufflated inside the parison in each cavity for plating the walls of the parison on the mold to form a conduit in each cavity, and the mold is opened.    USE - Method for fabricating a base with fluid i.e. coolant, for a fuel cell system (all claimed) e.g. hydrogen cell system.    ADVANTAGE - The mold is closed in a manner to create the intermediate zone in which walls of the parison are placed side by side in a sealed manner with the gas, thus fabricating the fluid base for the fuel cell system in a simple, industrially reliable and improved manner for realizing the fluid base to have strong sealing with gases between different fluid canals in an intrinsic manner. The utilization of the fluid base ensures circulation of fluids in the cells and communication with other elements such as hydrogen line and damp-air blower, of the fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a complementary semi-mold to other semi-mold.    Complementary upper half of mold (10b)    Main linear cavity (11b)    Small transversal cavities (13b, 14b)    Plane intermediate zone (16b)    Openings (17)
NOVELTY - A dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer has electrolyte layer (6) provided between counter electrode (5) and semiconductor electrode. Two types of dyes are adsorbed on different sites of semiconductor electrode surface.    USE - Dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer is used for electronic devices (claimed) such as, mobile telephone, robot, personal computer, vehicle component and domestic electric appliances, and as power supply for solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer has high optical absorption rate, reliability and photoelectric conversion efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) manufacture of dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer;    (2) semiconductor electrode; and    (3) manufacture of semiconductor electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional view of dye sensitizing photoelectric transducer. (Drawing includes non-English language text).    Glass substrate (1)    Transparent electrode (2)    Semiconductor fine particles layer (3)    Counter electrode (5)    Electrolyte layer (6)
NOVELTY - A storage unit (13) stores the substance containing fluid for controlling dielectric constant. A supply unit (14) supplies the substance accommodated in storage unit to the spaces (12a-12c). A recovery unit (15) recovers the substance supplied to space.    USE - Self-bias control apparatus for plasma processing apparatus e.g. plasma etching apparatus for use in semiconductor manufacturing apparatus. Can also be used in plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus, etching of LCD, phase shift mask, solar cell, micro electro mechanical system (MEMS) etc.    ADVANTAGE - The self-bias of apparatus can be controlled without affecting plasma density.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for plasma processing apparatus.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the dielectric constant controller of plasma processing apparatus.    Spaces (12a-12c)    Storage unit (13)    Supply unit (14)    Recovery unit (15)    Piping (19)
NOVELTY - A cadmium sulfide film is made into buffer layer using aqueous solution containing cadmium acetate as cadmium source and thioacetamide as sulfur source, to obtain copper-indium-gallium-sulfur-selenide (CIGSSe) solar cell.    USE - Preparation of copper-indium-gallium-sulfur-selenide solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cadmium sulfide film is formed without using aqueous ammonia.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the model of copper-indium-gallium-sulfur-selenide solar cell. (Drawing includes non-English language text).
NOVELTY - A lithium cell (1) has an anode collector (11), an anode layer (13) formed on the anode collector, a cathode layer (15), a solid electrolyte layer (14) which carries out conduction of lithium ion between the anode layer and the cathode layer, and an intervening layer (12) containing oxide of metallic element between the anode layer and the anode collector. The anode layer contains oxide as anode active material. The metallic element contains copper, tin, chromium, nickel, iron, manganese and vanadium.    USE - Lithium cell is used for portable electronic device and mobile communication terminal.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium cell has excellent charging/discharging catalyst.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of the lithium cell.    Lithium cell (1)    Anode collector (11)    Intervening layer (12)    Anode layer (13)    Solid electrolyte layer (14)    Cathode layer (15)
NOVELTY - A solar cell panel (10) has solar cell module (11) provided with thin film photovoltaic cell sealed by adhesive resin sealing material, and support substrate. The surface-treated side of support substrate (24) is adhered with adhesive resin sealing material of solar cell module. The back surface of support substrate (26) is adhered with a honeycomb structure (22). The support substrate and honeycomb structure are formed using aluminum material.    USE - Solar cell panel is used in roof of building.    ADVANTAGE - The solar cell panel is manufactured efficiently, and has reliable fixed structure of solar cell module and support substrate.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for manufacture of solar cell panel.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the sectional structural view of solar cell panel.    Solar cell panel (10)    Solar cell module (11)    Solar cell submodule (12)    Support portion (21)    Honeycomb structure (22)    Surface side support substrate (24)    Back surface side support substrate (26)
NOVELTY - The working electrode (5) and counter electrode (6) are formed on the main surface of the substrate (2). An electric charge carrying layer (8) and the sealing portion (9) are formed between the working and counter electrodes. The current collection portion (10) is formed on the conductive layer (13). The sealing portion and the current collection portions, comprises several series of sheets (11) for covering the electrodes and the conductive layer.    USE - Photoelectric transducer for dye-sensitized solar cell, PN-junction type solar cell and silicon system solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The condensing efficiency and the transmission efficiency of the light can be improved. The productivity of the photoelectric transducer is increased.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the photoelectric transducer.    Substrate (2)    Working electrode (5)    Counter electrode (6)    Electric charge carrying layer (8)    Sealing portion (9)    Current collection portion (10)    Sheets (11)    Conductive layer (13)
NOVELTY - A coating layer containing silicon carbide and graphite is formed on the surface of main component portion of crucible, and silicon is melted inside the crucible in which non-formation portion of the coating layer is provided on the outer surface. The granular silicon melt solution discharged from the crucible is cooled and solidified, to obtain crystalline-silicon particles.    USE - Manufacture of crystalline-silicon particles used for granular silicon crystal used for photoelectric conversion apparatus such as solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The crystalline-silicon particles having high purity, are efficiently and safely manufactured with high yield.
NOVELTY - The building material has a dye-sensitized solar cell (2) arranged on one surface of a plate-shaped base material (1), and a photocatalyst (3) arranged on other surface of the base material. A light irradiation section (4) emits light by electricity generated in solar cell, and irradiates light to the photocatalyst.    USE - Functional building material used as wall material of building, and for furniture, etc.    ADVANTAGE - The organic matter in the photocatalyst is decomposed, and the toxic substance component and offensive odor component can be removed. The purification and deodorizing of the air can be effectively performed for longer period.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the functional building material. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Base material (1)    Solar cell (2)    Photocatalyst (3)    Light irradiation section (4)    Opening (10)
NOVELTY - A radiation-converting device comprises a substrate and thin film, single crystal layer(s) formed on an original substrate having an oxygen content between 2x 1016 atoms/cm3 and 1x 1019 atoms/cm3. The single crystal layer comprises silicon, germanium, silicon-germanium, silicon carbide, carbon, III-V compounds, and/or II-VI compounds.    USE - Device is used as solar cell for converting solar radiation to electrical energy capable of doing useful work when delivered to electrical load or energy storage medium.    ADVANTAGE - The device has excellent conversion efficiency, and can be manufactured economically with high throughput.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a radiation conversion type device.    Diode (6000)    N-type epitaxial layer (6005)    P-type silicon (6006)    Implant region (6007)    Alternative substrate (6011)
NOVELTY - A fullerene derivative(s) and compound having fullerene structure excluding fullerene derivative are dissolved in organic solvent, to obtain fullerene-derivative cluster in a solution.    USE - Production of fullerene-derivative cluster for cluster solution used for coated-film forming composition, n-type-semiconductor material and organic-solar-cell material (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The efficiently method provides fullerene-derivative cluster.
NOVELTY - The device (40a) has transfer arm (5) which conveys substrate (2). A substrate positioning mechanism positions the substrate conveyed by the transfer arm in substrate positioning region. The substrate positioning mechanism has guide-plate which is positioned along the outer edge of substrate positioning region.    USE - Device for positioning substrate e.g. semiconductor wafer used in manufacture of solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - Since the guide-plate is positioned along the outer edge of substrate positioning region, the damage of substrate is reduced.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the side view of the substrate positioning device.(Drawing includes non-English language text)    Substrate (2)    Transfer arm (5)    Conveying belt (6)    Piping (30a)    Substrate positioning device (40a)
NOVELTY - A silicon-based photovoltaic cell (1) comprises a single crystal silicon substrate (2), a glass (4) on silicon substrate, and a conversion layer (3) between the single-crystal silicon substrate and glass. The conversion layer absorbs UV rays, blue-purple or yellow-green light of sun's solar radiation and converts them into a photoluminescent light. It also absorbs maximum value of the sun's solar radiation so that the maximum value of the photoluminescent spectrum of the conversion layer is within the photosensitive spectral zone of the single-crystal silicon substrate.    USE - Silicon-based photovoltaic cell. Uses include but are not limited to mobile communication apparatus, microelectromechanical devices, lighting fixtures, astro-navigation, and solar cell technology.    ADVANTAGE - The silicon-based photovoltaic cell provides increased short-circuit current, increased voltage range, and enhanced photo conversion efficiency through red light conversion layer.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a red light conversion layer.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a schematic illustration showing the basic architecture of a silicon-based photovoltaic cell.    Silicon-based photovoltaic cell (1)    Single crystal silicon substrate (2)    Conversion layer (3)    Glass (4)    Polycarbonate-based light-transmissive polymer (31)    Phosphor (32)
NOVELTY - The sheet-like collector (1b) contacting the polymer sheet (9) is connected to a polarizing electrode (2b). The polymer sheet is stacked with a polymer cover (6) which has a sheet-like collector (1a) connected to polarizing electrode (2a). Several holes are formed in the polarizing electrodes, collectors, and separator (3) connected to electrode (2b). The pile structures (5) arranged on upper surface of polymer sheet (9) penetrates the holes formed in the collector (1a).    USE - Electrical double layer capacitor of solar cell used in electric vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The maintenance of the capacitor element is performed by the pile structure which functions as a rivet and the electrical double layer capacitor is manufactured easily.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of electrical double layer capacitor.    Sheet-like collectors (1a,1b)    Polarizing electrodes (2a,2b)    Separator (3)    Pile structures (5)    Polymeric cover (6)    Polymeric sheet (9)
NOVELTY - A connection structure comprises a main body with two lateral surfaces and channels. The first lateral surface is mounted with a first fuel cell, and the second lateral surface is mounted with a second fuel cell. One side of each fuel cell is mounted with fuel guiding inlet(s) and outlet(s), and oxidizing gas guiding inlet(s) and outlet(s). Each channel is respectively connected with the fuel guiding inlet and outlet, and oxidizing gas guiding inlet and outlet; and a conduction module which is connected with cathode of the first fuel cell and anode of the second fuel cell.    USE - Connection structure for fuel cells.    ADVANTAGE - The connection structure can increase convenience of fuel cells when parallel connection in series.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a connection structure for fuel cells.
NOVELTY - The film (2) has a flat surface (2b) in which scattering particles whose refractive index is lower than a matrix resin are dispersed in the matrix resin, where the surface roughness of the flat surface is 50-300 angstrom. Refractive index differences of the matrix resin and the scattering particles are 0.05-0.30. A lower transparent electrical conductivity electrode (51) and a metal electrode (52) are laminated together to form a lower electrode layer (5). A transparent substrate (1) is arranged in the flat surface of the film.    USE - Light-scattering film for use in an optical member for a solar cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The film has improved optical confinement effect, so that the conversion efficiency of the solar cell can be improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of a solar cell.    Transparent substrate (1)    Light-scattering film (2)    Flat surface (2b)    Lower electrode layer (5)    Lower transparent electrical conductivity electrode (51)    Metal electrode (52)
NOVELTY - N-arylcarbazole based dye, which comprises fluorene and carbazole as electron donor, thiophene unit as middle linking part and rhodanine-3-acetic acid or cyanoacrylic acid as an electron acceptor, is new.    USE - (I) is used electrode of dye-sensitized solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - (I) shows improved molar absorptivity, short circuit photocurrent density (Jsc) and photoelectric conversion efficiency, compared to metal complex dyes of the prior art, and thus capable of largely improving solar cell efficiency. The dye synthesis cost is reduced because the dye can be purified without using expensive columns.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - New N-arylcarbazole based dye is of formula (I), where two or more thiophene units can be optionally linked by vinyl group.    X=9,9-dimethylfluorenyl or 4-(2,2-diphenylvinyl)phenyl;    Y'=cyanoacrylic acid or rhodanine-3-acetic acid moiety; and    n=1-5.    INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) processes for preparing the compound (I);    (2) dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element comprising oxide semiconductor particles where the N-arylcarbazole based dye is supported; and    (3) dye-sensitized solar cell comprising the dye-sensitized photoelectric conversion element as electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency spectrums of the solar cells prepared using the N-arylcarbazole based dye.
NOVELTY - The reformation unit (300) has reformation packing case (610) with lower casing (611) which accommodates the carbon monoxide (CO) modifying device (820) and CO selective-oxidation device (830). The reformation packing case has upper casing (612) with the diameter smaller than that of lower casing, which accommodates the modifier (620).    USE - Reformation unit for fuel cell system (claimed) used for apartments and stores.    ADVANTAGE - The efficiency of reformation process is increased stably by simple structure.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for fuel cell system.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view illustrating the schematic structure of the reformation unit.    Reformation unit (300)    Reformation packing case (610)    Lower casing (611)    Upper casing (612)    Modifier (620)    CO modifying device (820)    CO selective-oxidation device (830)
NOVELTY - The device has a support frame body for supporting a base plate, and an auxiliary frame for supporting an edge of the base plate. The base plate is equipped with a solar faceplate. The support frame body is equipped with an upper support surface, and the base plate is supported on the upper support surface. The auxiliary frame is provided with a cushion pad. The auxiliary frame is made of a group consisting of metal and plastic materials. The support frame body is integrated with the auxiliary frame.    USE - Support device for use in a base plate transmission apparatus (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The device prevents the collision of the movable protruding component with edge of the base plate during the reciprocating motion of the moveable protruding component.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a base plate transmission apparatus comprising a base plate    (2) a method for transmitting a base plate.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a support device.
NOVELTY - The lamp has a non-intrinsic safety circuit board placed in an explosion-insulation box, where the explosion-insulation box, intrinsic-safety circuit board and a storage battery are arranged in a control box. A wiring terminal of the storage battery is encapsulated and connected with 220 Volt alternating current (VAC) spare power supply i.e. solar battery component. A light source i.e. LED, is connected to the power supply. Direct current (DC) power runs through a controller, charges the storage battery and illuminates the light source at night.    USE - Explosion-proof solar LED equipment lamp for use in petroleum and petrochemical industries and inflammable explosive dangerous places.    ADVANTAGE - The lamp utilizes renewable energy sources, thus effectively saving energy. The lamp is safe and reliable. The lamp can be operated normally and conveniently without the manual operation. The lamp utilizes the LED, so that attenuation is reduced, constant brightness is provided and the lifetime is extended.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of an explosion-proof solar LED equipment lamp.
NOVELTY - The system has a hydrogen storage material covered with water and porous water absorption material. A bottom plate (2) is provided on an inner slot (11), and multiple anode polar plates (5) with wire are provided on the bottom plate. A bi-functional membrane electrode module (3) is provided on the anode polar plate, and a cathode polar plate (9) with wire is provided on the bi-functional membrane electrode module. A bi-functional membrane electrode module generates hydrogen through electrolyzing water.    USE - Power source system for mini-type combined regenerative fuel cell in a carriable electronic product.    ADVANTAGE - The system can absorb the oxygen from the air automatically as oxidant. Multiple membrane electrode modules are connected together in series according to a pre-set order, thus executing the loop operation of the electrolysis and the power discharge on the membrane. The system is simple in structure and less in weight, and has better loop operation property and stable output power.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an exploded perspective view of a power source system.    Bottom plate (2)    Bi-functional membrane electrode module (3)    Anode polar plates (5)    Cathode polar plate (9)    Inner slot (11)
NOVELTY - A velvet forming agent contains (in weight%) sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide (1.5-10), sodium silicate (0.5-5), de-ionized water (85-98) and surfactant (1-200 ppm). The surfactant is alkylphenol polyethenoxy ether, preferably octylphenol polyethenoxy ether and nonyl polyethenoxy ether.    USE - Velvet forming agent is used for treating surface of single crystal silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The velvet forming agent forms uniform pyramid structure on surface of solar cell. The specific surface area of solar cell is increased for light absorption.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for preparation of velvet forming agent.
NOVELTY - The module has a cooling medium e.g. water, in a cooling medium container that encircles an insulation device to open and close the cooling medium container automatically. A solar cell packaging module is aslant mounted above the cooling medium container to form an upper airtight surface of a container. Outer portions of four surfaces of the container include e.g. rectangle shaped rib-like bulges distributed evenly, and internal of the container has metal heat conducting plates distributed evenly. Bottom portion of the cooling medium container is horizontal and an upper portion is at side.    USE - Cold-storage cooling solar cell module.    ADVANTAGE - The module opens the insulation device automatically at night, so that the cooling medium will exchange heat with the atmosphere at night to cold the temperature down to the one close to the lowest atmosphere temperature by day. The module closes the insulation device automatically by day to reduce the heat exchange with outside, so the cold quantity of natural temperature difference stored in the cooling medium is used for cooling the solar cell. The actual solar conversion rate of the solar cell is improved more than 10 percent according to the local experimental result.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of a cold-storage cooling solar cell module.
NOVELTY - The assembly has an insulating substrate that is located at a bottom layer of the assembly for providing sufficient rigid support to each layer structure in the insulating substrate. An insulating film is utilized for electrical insulation, and a carbon fiber plate is obtained by pre-dipping carbon fiber and pre-pressing the fiber to have function of a bearing panel. Light adhesive films (B, C) are utilized to connect the fiber plate with a NOMEX (RTM: flame resistant meta-aramid material) paper honeycomb core whose embedded part is provided with a function of interlayer connecting.    USE - Solar battery assembly.    ADVANTAGE - The assembly has less weight, high efficiency and low temperature characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for preparing solar battery assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of a solar battery assembly.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - The electrode has metal, barrier and catalyze layers orderly precipitated on a substrate, where the metal layer is utilized for reflecting visible light and decreasing an electrode resistance. The catalyze layer is directly plated on a surface of the metal layer when electrolyte is utilized by dye-sensitized solar cells with no corrosivity to the metal layer. A material of the substrate is glass, stainless steel or plastic, and a material of the metal layer is aluminum, silver, tin, iron, titanium or nickel. A material of the catalyze layer is platinum or carbon.    USE - Dye-sensitized solar cells counter electrode.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode can reflect the sunlight, which have not being completely absorbed by the dye to increase the optical path, thus improving the utilization ratio of the sunlight and the absorptivity of the dye. The electrode can obviously decrease the internal consumption the serial connected resistors of the cell and another cell, thus improving the ohm contact and increasing the filling factor and output power of the cell. The selecting range of the substrate material is wide, and the electrode is simple and low costs to prepare. The preparation of the metal layer is simple and the selecting range of the precipitation temperature is wide and can realize large scaled and high speed precipitation. The photo-electricity conversion efficiency of the dye-sensitized solar cells can be obviously improved.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a dye-sensitized solar cells counter electrode preparing method.
NOVELTY - A conductive compound contains conductive polymer (A) and compound (B) excluding conductive polymer (A).    USE - Conductive compound is used for conductive polymer composite for electronic elements (both claimed) such as solid electrolytic capacitor, solar battery, organic light emitting diode, electro luminescent display, static copying portion, transfer printing portion, battery, electronic paper, touch panel, organic thin film transistor and field emitting display.    ADVANTAGE - The conductive compound has reduced resistivity even at high temperature, and reinforced clinging property and film making property to base material. Conductive polymer composite containing the conductive compound has reduced resistivity even at high temperature.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A conductive compound contains conductive polymer (A) and compound (B) excluding conductive polymer (A). The compound (B) contains alkyl, hydroxyl, amido, alcoholate, carbonyl, sulfonic, amide, fat alcoholate, ester, ether, epoxy, aryl, aromatic halogenous, silicon, fluorine and/or aromatic nitrous group. The conductive compound is formed by reacting compound (B) in solution containing conductive polymer, solvent, oxidant or catalyst. The conductive compound further contains polyanion. A conductive polymer composite used for electronic element contains conductive compound, and dopant, conductive adjusting bonding agent, resin component and/or conductive particles.
NOVELTY - The method involves forming an etching resistant film (2) on a silicon substrate (1) and forming several micro-pores (10) on the etching resistant film. The surface of the silicon substrate is exposed by irradiating the film with a laser beam, such that a micro cavity is formed at a concentric portion of the pores.    USE - Manufacturing method of photovoltaic device e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The substrate is exposed by irradiating the etching resistance film with laser beam to form a micro cavity, hence a substrate texture with an aspect ratio larger than 0.5 is easily formed.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows an explanatory view of the photovoltaic device.    Silicon substrate (1)    Etching resistant film (2)    Micro-pores (10)
NOVELTY - The cell has a semiconductor layer formed by printing on a substrate, where printing includes a spray coating. The semiconductor layer is an organic semiconductor layer or a compound semiconductor layer. The organic semiconductor layer is made of materials which are selected from a group comprising amorphous silicon, poly-crystal silicon, crystallite silicon, germanium, gallium and silicon-germanium. The compound semiconductor layer is made of materials which are selected from a group comprising I-VI family compound and III-V group element compound.    USE - Tandem type solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell is manufactured with low fabrication cost through large area and with increased quantum efficiency.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a manufacturing method for a tandem type solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a flowchart illustrating the steps involved in the manufacturing process of a tandem type solar cell.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'
NOVELTY - A concentrator photovoltaic solar cell array system comprises a planar solar cell array including a triple junction III-V semiconductor compound solar cell receivers; and a support frame (15) coupled to the solar cell array, and carried by and rotatable with respect to the central support about an axis orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis.    USE - A concentrator photovoltaic solar cell array system for producing energy from the sun.    ADVANTAGE - The system provides an improved solar cell array utilizing a III-V compound semiconductor multijunction solar cells for terrestrial power applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A concentrator photovoltaic solar cell array system comprises a central support mountable on a surface, and rotatable about its central longitudinal axis; a planar solar cell array including a triple junction III-V semiconductor compound solar cell receivers; a support frame (15) coupled to the solar cell array, and carried by and rotatable with respect to the central support about an axis orthogonal to the central longitudinal axis; and an actuator for rotating the central support and the support frame so that the solar cell array is maintained orthogonal to the rays from the sun as the sun traverses the sky. The support frame comprises a first frame assembly coupled to the solar cell array, and a second frame assembly coupled to the first frame assembly arranged to increase the rigidity of the first frame assembly.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing is a perspective view of a terrestrial solar cell system.    Cross member (14)    Support frame (15)    Drive mechanism (100)    Diagonal truss chords (152a)    Parallel truss brace chords (152b)
NOVELTY - The white smoke generation determination section determines whether the white smoke is generated based on the relationship between state of exhaust gas and state of ambient air. The condition determination section determines whether the condition to reduce white smoke is satisfied based on the detection signal from motion sensor during the generation of white smoke. The controller activates the process to reduce white smoke when the predetermined condition is satisfied.    USE - Exhaust state control device for fuel cell used for mobile unit e.g. vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of white smoke is reduced efficiently and reliably.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a block diagram of the fuel cell system.    Fuel cell stack (1)    Anode gas passage (2)    Hydrogen tack (7)    Pump (9)    Gas liquid separator (12)
NOVELTY - A sensitizer coating such as organic dye (30) is provided for covering the charge accepting semiconductor material. The plasmon resonant nanoparticle is operatively associated with the semiconductor material and organic dye.    USE - Plasmon enhanced dye sensitized matrix for use in plasmon enhanced solar photovoltaic cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The photon-to-current conversion efficiency is enhanced. The absorptivity of stained matrix is increased, so that the solar cell can able to absorb more energy closer to the electrode. The distance of travel of ions in the electrolyte is reduced, so that the losses occurring due to the trapping, recombination and limited charge mobility inside the cell can be reduced. The absorption of light by sensitizer is enhanced by the presence of plasmon resonant nanoparticle.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) plasmon enhanced solar photovoltaic cell; and    (2) method of making plasmon enhanced material for use in photovoltaic cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a side view of the photovoltaic cell.    Dye (30)    Electrolyte (40)    Transparent conductive coating (50)    Transparent conductive coating and catalyst (52)
NOVELTY - The solar cell receiver (12) comprises a diode (14) connected in parallel with a semiconductor solar cell (30). The diode is operated to provide a current bypassing the solar cell, when the solar cell is damaged or shadowed. The receiver has a connector (40) with a pair of apertures insulated by an insulating wall. A socket is positioned in each of the apertures, which is connectable to the adjacent receivers.    USE - Solar cell receiver.    ADVANTAGE - Prevents the loss of power when any of the solar cells is damaged or shadowed. Solar cell breakdown is prevented by the use of insulated apertures.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a perspective view of the solar cell receiver.    Solar cell receiver (12)    Diode (14)    Semiconductor solar cell (30)    Connector (40)    Connector terminal (44)
NOVELTY - The apparatus sets the distance between power feeding points in a position where two ends of electrodes (2,4) equivalent to odd multiple of one-quarter wavelength of the electric power supplied by an electric power supply unit. A balance and unbalance converter supplies the two pulse powers separated from ends of electrodes, so that the standing waves with predetermined positions are generated.    USE - High-frequency plasma chemical vapor deposition (CVD) apparatus for manufacturing tandem type film silicon solar battery.    ADVANTAGE - The generation of the uniform plasma between the electrodes is attained.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for semiconductor film manufacturing method.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of the plasma-CVD apparatus.    Vacuum vessel (1)    Electrodes (2,4)    Insulator support material (5)    Substrate (11)    Substrate lifter (12)
NOVELTY - A photovoltaic device has a front glass substrate (1), a photovoltaic semiconductor film (5) and a multilayer anti-reflection coating (2) provided on a light incident side of substrate. The anti-reflection coating has four separate alternate layers of high index layer (2a) comprising titanium oxide and low index layer (2b) containing silicon oxide, sequentially provided from substrate moving outwardly away from semiconductor film.    USE - Photovoltaic device e.g. solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The photovoltaic device is capable of enhancing transmission in selected optical wavelength, and has excellent efficiency.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the cross-sectional view of photovoltaic device.    Glass substrate (1)    Antireflective coating (2)    High refractive index layers (2a)    Low refractive index layers (2b)    Transparent electrode (3)    Semiconductor film (5)
NOVELTY - A precursor solution for forming zinc oxide thin film is prepared in sol form using zinc hydroxide nitrate. The precursor solution is coated on a substrate, and obtained zinc oxide thin film is dried and cured. Thus, zinc oxide thin film is fabricated.    USE - Fabrication of zinc oxide thin film for electrical components e.g. nanowire, thin film transistor, solar cell, transparent electrode, photo sensor and emissive material.    ADVANTAGE - The zinc oxide thin film is fabricated using simple and economical coating method at low process temperature.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view illustrating preparation of precursor solution.
NOVELTY - The charging system (10) has an optical energy producing structure (12) which produces non-visible light. An electrical device (50) has a solar cell that faces the structure, when the electrical device rests on the structure. The solar cell converts non-visible light from the structure to electrical energy which is used by the electrical device. The structure comprises a cover (18) made of polymethyl methacrylate, that is transparent to non-visible light and opaque to visible light. The electrical device receives the non-visible light through the cover.    USE - Charging system for supplying power to computer mouse and recharging battery of mouse.    ADVANTAGE - A user need not recharge the battery, as the electrical energy provided by the solar cell charges the battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a partial exploded view of the charging system.    Charging system (10)    Optical energy producing structure (12)    Reflector (14)    Cover (18)    Electrical device (50)
NOVELTY - A p-type copper-indium-selenium (CIS) optical absorption layer is formed in a CIS thin-film solar cell having a laminate comprising a metal backside electrode layer, a p-type CIS optical absorption layer, an n-type high-resistance buffer layer and an n-type transparent electroconductive film window layer sequentially laminated on a glass substrate. A process target component comprising a metal precursor film laminated on the metal backside electrode layer is selenized. Then, the process target component is sulfurized to form the p-type CIS optical absorption layer.    USE - Formation of optical absorption layer in copper-indium-selenium-type thin-film solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The optical absorption layer is efficiently formed in CIS thin-film solar cell.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A p-type copper-indium-selenium (CIS) optical absorption layer is formed in a CIS thin-film solar cell, which is a pn-hetero junction device having a laminate comprising a metal backside electrode layer, a p-type CIS optical absorption layer, an n-type high-resistance buffer layer and an n-type transparent electroconductive film window layer sequentially laminated on a glass substrate. The metal backside electrode layer is laminated on the glass substrate. A process target component comprising a metal precursor film laminated on the metal backside electrode layer is held at a predetermined temperature for a fixed time with a selenium source, and is selenized. Then, the process target component is heated and held at a predetermined temperature for a fixed time with a sulfur source, and is sulfurized to form the p-type CIS optical absorption layer. The uptake of sulfur in the p-type CIS optical absorption layer is controlled by varying the difference in temperature ( Delta )T between the selenization process and the sulfurization process. The selenium source is hydrogen selenide. The sulfur source is hydrogen sulfide.
NOVELTY - Fabricating a contact on the back surface of a solar cell comprises adding a passivation layer (2) over the back surface of a silicon substrate (1); adding a plating seed layer (4) over the passivation layer; separating the plating seed layer by an area (A) into two electrode areas; opening another area (B) of the plating seed layer; opening the area (B) of the passivation layer; and applying a contact plating (3) to the opening of the area (B) of the passivation layer as well as to the plating seed layer surrounding the area (B).    USE - Method of fabricating a contact on the back surface of a solar cell (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The cost-effective method allows for a small metal/silicon contact interface in combination with a large enough cross-sectional area of the contacts to carry the current generated by the solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of the plating of a back contacted solar cell.    Silicon substrate (1)    Passivation layer (2)    Contact plating (3)    Plating seed layer (4)    Area (A, B)
NOVELTY - The cell has a positive (P)-negative (N) junction formed on an interface between a silicon substrate (305) and a conductive type conductive layer. An anti-reflective coating unit is formed on the conductive type conductive layer. A front electrode is equipped with finger lines (301), and a bus bar (303) is utilized to electrically connect the finger lines. The front electrode is formed on the anti-reflective coating unit. A back electrode is connected to the silicon substrate.    USE - Crystal silicon solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The cell improves a fill factor to secure good conversion efficiency by implementing low lateral series resistance for electron mobility.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a front electrode pattern of a crystal silicon solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic view of a front electrode pattern of a crystal silicon solar cell.    Finger line (301)    Bus bar (303)    Silicon substrate (305)
NOVELTY - The method involves positioning a mask that is formed with a predetermined electrode pattern on a rear surface of a semiconductor substrate. Dielectric material is deposited on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate to form a back reflection layer on the rear surface of the semiconductor substrate. The dielectric material is selected from a group consisting of silicon carbide, silicon dioxide, silicon nitrate, silicon oxynitrate. The deposition of the dielectric material is achieved by a chemical vapor deposition or plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition.    USE - Method for forming a back reflection layer of a solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The method enables reduction of manufacturing cost, and provision of large production.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for the following:    (1) a method for forming a back electrode part    (2) a method for manufacturing a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic illustration of a method for forming a back electrode part in a solar cell.'(Drawing includes non-English language text)'    P-type semiconductor (101)    Electrode (103)
NOVELTY - The cell has a cathode electrode (11) and an anode electrode (15) that are formed on a glass substrate (10) in sequence. An activating layer (13) and an electrode are formed on a silicone wafer substrate in sequence. The activating layer is made of silicone slurry generated during the manufacturing of a wafer. A buffer layer is formed on top of the silicon wafer substrate. The buffer layer is made of materials selected among silicon oxide film, silicon nitride film, silicon oxynitride film and silicate film.    USE - Solar cell.    ADVANTAGE - The manufacturing cost of the cell is reduced by forming the activating layer and re-using high-purity silicone slurry generated during the manufacturing of the silicon wafer. The cell uniformly reduces the size of the particle of the recycled silicone slurry, thus commercializing the slurry. The cell controls the electric current density through the sintering treatment.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is also included for a method for manufacturing a solar cell.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross-sectional view of a solar cell.    Glass substrate (10)    Cathode electrode (11)    Doped layers (12, 14)    Activating layer (13)    Anode electrode (15)
NOVELTY - Lead-free glass comprises (in mol%) silica (35-41.5), magnesium oxide (8-25), calcium oxide (27-35), strontium oxide (0-2), barium oxide (0-4), zinc oxide (5-15) and alumina (4.5-10). The sum total content of all components is 97 mol% or more. The sum total content of strontium oxide and barium oxide are 2 mol% or less.    USE - Lead-free glass is used for glass paste, green sheet and for sealing components of solid oxide fuel cell (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - Lead-free glass has reduced amount of boric oxide.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Lead-free glass comprises (in mol%) silica (35-41.5, preferably 39-41.5), magnesium oxide (8-25, preferably 10-13), calcium oxide (27-35, preferably 18-22), strontium oxide (0-2, preferably 12-15), barium oxide (0-4, preferably 0-1), zinc oxide (5-15, preferably 6-11) and alumina (4.5-10, 4.5-7). The sum total content of all components is 97 mol% or more. The sum total content of strontium oxide and barium oxide are 2 mol% or less. The glass further contains lanthanum oxide (0.8-1.2), boric oxide (2.5 or less) and optionally contains alkali metal oxide (1 or less).
NOVELTY - A plasma confinement portion (58) has several slits (58b) for passing the gas discharged between the electrodes (54,56). The plates (58a) of the plasma confinement portion are arranged opposingly such that the plates are arranged with a preset gap along a direction intersecting the flow direction of the gas. The end surface (58c) of the plate is inclined with respect to flow direction of the gas.    USE - Plasma-CVD apparatus for use in formation of amorphous-silicon type film for solar cell. Can also be used in formation of n-i-p type photoelectric conversion layer, p-i-n type photoelectric conversion layer and tandem type photoelectric conversion layer.    ADVANTAGE - The particles generated between the electrodes are prevented from settling on the film and the quality of the film is improved.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a sectional view of Plasma-CVD apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Electrodes (54,56)    Plasma confinement portion (58)    Plate (58a)    Slit (58b)    End surface (58c)