NOVELTY - The separator (7) for a non-aqueous rechargeable lithium battery (3), comprises a separator body comprising material with melting point, and a composite supporting the separator body and comprising an organic compound (5-50 wt.%) and an inorganic compound (50-95 wt.%). The inorganic compound comprises an element of 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 3B and/or 5B elements from the periodic table, and a moiety of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, sulfates, nitrates and/or alkoxides. The organic compound has melting point of greater than or equal to 180 degrees C, which is higher than the melting point of the separator body material.    USE - The separator is useful for a non-aqueous rechargeable lithium battery.    ADVANTAGE - The separator is low in cost, has excellent shutdown characteristic and handling property and high ionic conductivity and mechanical strength, is less prone to deterioration and damage, reduces short circuits from occurring, and prevents the deterioration of an electrode by stabilizing the transition elements in the electrode thus improving the charge and discharge characteristics and energy density of the battery and ensuring the desired safety features for the rechargeable battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The separator (7) for a non-aqueous rechargeable lithium battery (3), comprises a separator body comprising a material with a melting point, and a composite supporting the separator body and comprising an organic compound (5-50 wt.%) and an inorganic compound (50-95 wt.%). The inorganic compound comprises an element of 1A, 2A, 3A, 4A, 3B and/or 5B elements from the periodic table, and a moiety of oxides, hydroxides, carbonates, phosphates, sulfates, nitrates and/or alkoxides. The organic compound has a melting point of greater than or equal to 180 degrees C, which is higher than the melting point of the separator body material. The separator body includes pores, and is supported by a buffer layer of the composite forming on a surface of the separator body facing a positive electrode or a negative electrode, where the pores of the separator body are filled with the composite. The buffer layer has a thickness of 2-20 mu m and a porosity of 40-90 volume %. The separator body has a porosity of 40-90 volume %. The material for the separator body is porous films of polyethylene having a melting point of 120-140 degrees C and/or porous materials comprising glass filters or non-woven fabrics. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a non-aqueous rechargeable lithium battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a cross-sectional view of a lithium battery including a separator.    Lithium battery (3)    Electrode assembly (4)    Cathode (5)    Anode (6)    Separator. (7)