TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The processing additive is (or the solvent comprises a compound comprising) an alkane substituted with halo (preferably chlorine, bromine and iodine), thiol, cyano or carboxylate group of formula (COOR); a cyclopentadithiophene, a fluorene, a thiophene, a benzothiadiazole, a naphthalene or a 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene (all optionally substituted with 1-10C alkyl), preferably 1,8-diiodooctane, 1,8-dibromooctane, 1,8-dithioloctane, 1,8-dicyanooctane or 1,8-di(methoxycarbonyl)octane. The alkane is a 6-12C alkane, preferably octane.R = H or 1-10C alkyl, preferably methyl.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Method: The second material is removed by: contacting the intermediate layer with a solvent; or applying a vacuum to the intermediate layer and/or heating the intermediate layer. The method further comprises disposing a second electrode on the photoactive layer to form a photovoltaic cell. Preferred Components: The first, second or third material is a semiconductor material. The first material comprises an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material. The electron donor material is polythiophenes, polycyclopentadithiophenes, polyanilines, polycarbazoles, polyvinylcarbazoles, polyphenylenes, polyphenylvinylenes, polysilanes, polythienyleneamylenes, polyisothianaphthanenes, polysilacyclopentadithiophenes, polycyclopentadithiazoles, polythiazolothiazoles, polythiazoles, polybenzothiadiazoles, poly(thiophene oxide)s, poly(cyclopentadithiophene oxide)s, polythiadiazoloquinoxaline, polybenzoisothiazole, polybenzothiazole, polythienothiophene, poly(thienothiophene oxide), polydithienothiophene, poly(dithienothiophene oxide)s, polyfluorenes, polytetrahydroisoindoles or their copolymers, preferably poly(3-hexylthiophene) or poly(cyclopentadithiophene-co-benzothiadiazole). The second or third material comprises an electron acceptor material and an electron donor material. The electron acceptor material comprises a material comprising fullerenes, inorganic nanoparticles, oxadiazoles, discotic liquid crystals, carbon nanorods, inorganic nanorods, polymers containing cyano groups and/or polymers containing trifluoromethyl groups. The pores have an average diameter of at least 20 nm, preferably at least 100 nm. The third material is different from the first and second materials. The composition further comprises a processing additive. The substrate comprises a first electrode. The first and third materials do not both have a solubility of at least 0.1 mg/ml in any solvent at 25 degrees C. The third material has a solubility of at most 1 mg/ml in any solvent at 25 degrees C. The first and second semiconductor materials do not both have a solubility of at least 1 mg/ml, preferably at least 10 mg/ml, in any solvent at 25 degrees C. The first semiconductor material is an electron donor material. The second semiconductor material is an electron acceptor material. The first semiconductor material comprises a crosslinked material. The second semiconductor material has a solubility of at most 10 mg/ml, preferably at most 0.1 mg/ml, in any solvent at 25 degrees C. The second semiconductor material comprises a carbon nanotube or a carbon nanorod. The first and second semiconductor materials are a water-soluble semiconductor polymer and an organic solvent-soluble fullerene, an organic solvent-soluble semiconductor polymer and a water-soluble fullerene, an organic solvent-soluble semiconductor polymer and a water-soluble semiconductor polymer, or an organic solvent-soluble semiconductor polymer and a fullerene or a carbon allotrope that is not soluble in any solvent. EXAMPLE - None given.