NOVELTY - A lithium-sulfur battery (100) comprises an anode (102) comprising lithium; non-aqueous electrolyte; and cathode (104) comprising a composition including sulfur and optionally, a metal oxide. The battery also includes a separator (106) interposed between the anode and the cathode, where the separator comprises inorganic filler material.    USE - In variety of applications, e.g. automotive, transportation, personal safety and security, remote monitoring, law enforcement, utilities and metering, and military and aerospace applications.    ADVANTAGE - The metal oxide reduces dissolution of sulfur at the cathode and reduces sulfur-containing deposits on the battery anode, hence provides a battery with relatively high energy density and good partial discharge performance. The separator also reduces unwanted diffusion of sulfur species. The battery exhibits an improved performance, i.e. has higher specific energy, higher energy density, better discharge performance, and longer shelf life, compared to conventional lithium-sulfur batteries. The battery, both with and without reserve design, possesses the performance that is useful in many applications.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium-sulfur battery (100) comprises an anode (102) comprising lithium; non-aqueous electrolyte; and cathode (104) comprising a composition including sulfur and optionally, a metal oxide. The battery also includes a separator (106) interposed between the anode and the cathode, where the separator comprises inorganic filler material. The composition further comprises a polymeric material (0.001-10 wt.%). The separator also comprises polymeric material, and organically modified clay (0.001-99 wt.%). The battery also includes a barrier isolating at least a portion of the electrolyte; a cavity and a diaphragm interposed between the cavity and the electrolyte; and gas generator. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for cathode for lithium-sulfur battery, comprising substrate; and a layer overlying at least a portion of the substrate, where the layer comprises sulfur (20-90 wt.%) and metal oxide (0.001-50 wt.%).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows cross-section view of lithium-sulfur battery.    Battery (100)    Anode (102)    Cathode (104)    Separator (106)