TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - MECHANICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Component: The apparatus further has a volatile collection device for collecting volatiles in the gas phase emitted from the organic material on applying electromagnetic energy to the organic material, a vacuum generator (9) connected with the container for reducing the air pressure within the container space, a chipper for chipping the organic material, a temperature probe for measuring the temperature of die material in die container, a pressure probe for measuring the pressure of the container space, and a control system which receives information from the temperature probe and die vacuum probe and uses the information to control the microwave generator (3) and/or die vacuum generator to maintain the temperature and pressure in die container space within a predetermined operating range. The die apparatus further comprises a waveguide (7) connected with the microwave generator for guiding the microwave radiation generated by the microwave generator to the container and a feeding mechanism for feeding the organic material to the container. The electromagnetic generator is microwave generator which generates microwave radiation with frequency of 900 MHz to 3 GHz, preferably 900-1000 MHz or 2-3 GHz. The sieve comprises a crucible positioned inside the container space for receiving organic material. The crucible has drain apertures to allow non-volatile liquid exuded from the organic material to flow through the apertures and out of the active microwave heating region on retaining the solid organic material within the microwave heating region. The container has a lid, a base, and a portion(s) of the base has conical or funnel section. The container is substantially pressure sealable or microwave sealable. Preferred Process: The pressure in the container space is reduced to produce vacuum within the container space. The organic material is placed in a crucible or basket positioned inside the container space. Preferred Arrangement: The liquid collection chamber is positioned below the container. The liquid collection chamber is connected to the container by a valve having open and closed configurations.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The liquid emitted from the organic material comprises bio-oil(s) or tar(s). The die liquid contains a non-volatile liquid or volatile liquid. Preferred Component: The non-volatile and volatile liquids are byproduct during production of charcoal from organic material by transmitting electromagnetic energy to the organic material. Preferred Process: The air pressure is reduced within die container space before applying electromagnetic energy to the organic material. The electromagnetic energy applied to die organic material carbonizes the die organic material, and produces charcoal, non-volatile and volatile liquids, and gases. The die volatile liquid emits or exudes from the organic material in liquid or gaseous form. The volatile liquid emitted from the organic material in gaseous form is condensed to liquid form. The organic material is chipped by chipper, before the organic material is placed in the container. The organic material is fed to the container using a feeding mechanism. The temperature of the material in the container is measured using temperature probe, and the temperature inside the container is maintained within a predetermined temperature range. The pressure of the container space is measured using vacuum probe, and the pressure inside the container is maintained within a predetermined pressure range. The information from the temperature probe and the vacuum probe are received, and the microwave generator and/or vacuum generator are controlled to maintain the temperature and pressure within a predetermined operating range, using the received information.