NOVELTY - The batch or continuous process for making nanostructures, comprises applying an electrical potential of less than or equal to 5 V for less than or equal to 24 hours to an electrolytic cell for a period of time sufficient to obtain nanostructures on a surface of an anode or an cathode of the electrolytic cell exposed to an electrolyte (1-10 molar concentration). The electrolyte is ionic, nonionic and/or biological, and further comprises additives. The anode and cathode independently comprise a material of uniform metal, a metal layer, a metal foil, a metal alloy and/or multiple metal layers.    USE - The batch or continuous process is useful for making nanostructures, especially titania nanostructures (all claimed), which are useful in photovoltaic applications such as dye-sensitized solar cells, metal-semiconductor junction Schottky diode solar cells and doped-titanium oxide nanomaterial solar cells, photocatalysis, photo-degradation of organic pollutants such as rhodamine B, chloroform, acid orange II, phenol, salicylic acid and chlorophenols, hydrogenation reactions such as hydrogenation of propyne and photocatalytic water splitting, electrochromic devices such as electrochromic windows and displays, hydrogen storage, humidity sensing and gas sensing such as hydrogen-, oxygen-, carbon monoxide-, methanol- and ethanol sensors, and in lithium batteries as insertion electrodes.    ADVANTAGE - The process is capable of economically making the titania nanostructures with high degree of controllability and reproducibility at ambient conditions such as room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and provides high electrical conductivity and controlled size to the nanostructures.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The batch or continuous process for making nanostructures, comprises applying an electrical potential of less than or equal to 5 V for less than or equal to 24 hours to an electrolytic cell for a period of time sufficient to obtain nanostructures on a surface of an anode or an cathode of the electrolytic cell exposed to an electrolyte (1-10 molar concentration). The electrolyte is ionic, nonionic and/or biological, and further comprises additives. The anode and cathode independently comprise a material of uniform metal, a metal layer, a metal foil, a metal alloy, multiple metal layers, a mixed metal layer and/or multiple mixed metal layers. The material is disposed on a conductive support and/or a non-conductive support. The anode and cathode are cleaned by acid washing prior to contacting the electrolyte and after obtaining the nanostructures. The electrolyte is heated to a temperature of 20-80 degrees C.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows scanning electron microscopy of titania nanostructures.    Power supply (18)    Titanium oxide nanowires. (20)