NOVELTY - Low temperature rapid fermentation agent comprises a component I and a component II, where the component I is formed by the mixtures of a solid microbial inoculant for Bacillus subtilis, a solid microbial inoculant for indulging fiber decomposer and a solid microbial inoculant for Bacillus megaterium, and the component II is Micromonospora solid microbial inoculant.    USE - The low temperature rapid fermentation agent useful for livestock manure in cold regions and/or crop stalk fermentation.    ADVANTAGE - The fermentation agent breaks through the low temperature limit and performs the high temperature rapid fermentation under 0 degrees C, and it reduces the ammonia volatilization during the composting process.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) preparing the low temperature rapid fermentation agent, comprising (i) mixing the Bacillus subtilis, the indulging fiber decomposer and the Bacillus megaterium, inoculating the mixture into a sterilized culture solution of the fermentation cylinder in the inoculation quantity of 10-15%, culturing at 15-20 degrees C for 48-56 hours to obtain a mixed fermentation solution, and then inoculating the Micromonospora, Brucella into a sterilized culture solution of the fermentation cylinder in the inoculation quantity of 10%, amplifying and culturing at 30-32 degrees C for 30-36 hours to obtain a mixed fermentation solution, and (ii) inoculating the mixed fermentation solution of the Bacillus subtilis, the indulging fiber decomposer, and the Bacillus megaterium for 25% of the solid base material weight, culturing at 15-20 degrees C till the variable count is more than 5x 109/g, then inoculating the fermentation solution of the Micromonospora, Brucella for 15% of the solid base material weight, culturing at 15-20oC for 2 days till the variable count is more than 12x 109/g, then mixing the two solid microbial inoculant according to the proportion of 1:0.5, drying in the air till the moisture is 20%, and obtaining the product; and    (2) use of the low temperature rapid fermentation agent for livestock manure in cold regions and/or crop stalk fermentation.