TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Components: The electrode (E1) further comprises an oxygen reduction catalyst provided in physical contact with the solvent and the current collector. The oxygen reduction catalyst is provided as an outer layer of the current collector exposed to the solvent. The current collector comprises porous carbon, a nickel metal grid, a nickel metal mesh, a nickel metal foam, a copper metal grid, a copper metal mesh, a copper metal foam, a titanium metal grid, a titanium metal mesh, a titanium metal foam, a molybdenum metal grid, a molybdenum metal mesh, or a molybdenum metal foam. The electrode (E1) further comprises a port in fluid connection with the current collector for providing or removing the solvent, the metal oxide dissolution enhancer, and/or the fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer. The concentration of the metal oxide dissolution enhancer and the fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is greater than 0.01 (preferably 0.01-15) M, each. Preferred Device: During discharge of the electrochemical generator (G1), the metal ions are released from the negative electrode and stored by the positive electrode; and during charging of (G1), the metal ions are released from the positive electrode and stored by the negative electrode. The electrochemical generator (G1) comprises: a positive electrode comprising: a first solvent having electron donor metal ions and oxygen dissolved in it, where the electron donor metal ions are alkali metal ions, alkali earth metal ions, and/or lanthanide metal ions; a fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer provided in the first solvent; a metal oxide dissolution enhancer provided in the first solvent, the metal oxide dissolution enhancer for enhancing dissolution of electron donor metal oxide formed via reaction of the oxygen with the electron donor metal ions in the first solvent; a current collector provided in electrical contact with the first solvent; a negative soluble electrode comprising: an electron donor comprising an electron donor metal provided in a second solvent, where the electron donor metal is an alkali metal, an alkali earth metal, a lanthanide metal or their alloy; an electron acceptor provided in the second solvent, where the electron acceptor is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon or an organic radical; a supporting electrolyte comprising a metal at least partially dissolved in the second solvent; a current collector provided in contact with the second solvent; where at least a portion of the electron donor comprising an electron donor metal is dissolved in the second solvent, thereby generating electron donor metal ions and solvated electrons in the second solvent; and a separator provided between the negative soluble electrode and the positive electrode, where the separator is non-liquid and conducts the electron donor metal ions as a charge carrier in the electrochemical generator. In the charging (M1) of the electrochemical generator, the voltage and/or current provided to the electrochemical generator is preselected according to the number of charge/discharge cycles the electrochemical generator has experienced. The separator is a supported membrane comprising an electron donor metal component and a structural support component. The electron donor metal component comprises a ceramic, an organic polymer, an oxide glass, an oxynitride glass, sulfide glass, an oxysulfide glass, a thionitrile glass, a metal halide doped glass, a crystalline ceramic electrolyte, a perovskite, a nasicon type phosphate, a lisicon type oxide, a metal halide, a metal nitride, a metal phosphide, a metal sulfide, a metal sulfate, a silicate, an aluminosilicate or a boron phosphate. The structural support component comprises: silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon nitride, aluminum nitride, titanium oxide, titanium nitride, zirconium oxide, and/or zirconium nitride. The structural support component of the supported membrane comprises a microporous material, and/or a nanostructured material. The thickness of the supported membrane separator is 1-100 (preferably 2-70, especially 5-50) mu m.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The oxygen reduction catalyst comprises: a transition metal, transition metal alloy, transition metal oxide, transition metal nitride, transition metal carbide, and/or transition metal silicide. The oxygen reduction catalyst comprises a noble metal, an organometallic compound and/or cobalt porphyrine (preferably cobalt phthalocyanine, (5,10,15,20-tetramethylporphyrinato)cobalt(II), and/or ferrocene). The metal oxide has the formula MyOx. The electron donor metal is lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, magnesium, calcium, aluminum, zinc, carbon, silicon, germanium, lanthanum, europium, cerium, strontium, barium or their alloy. The electron donor metal is a metal other than lithium.M=electron donor metal;y=1-3;x=1-4.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The solvent is water or an organic solvent. The organic solvent comprises an alkyl carbonate, an ether, and/or ester. The fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is a fluorinated ether, a fluorinated ester, a fluorinated carbonate, a fluorinated carbon material, a fluorinated blood substitute, and/or a metalloprotein. The fluorinated ether has a formula Cm+nH2m+1F2n+1O. The fluorinated ether is selected from: 1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2-trifluoroethane; 1-(difluoromethoxy)-1,2,2-trifluoroethane; 2-fluoromethoxy-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1-methoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; 2-methoxy-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1-difluoromethoxy-2,2-difluoroethane; 2-methoxy-1,1,2-trifluoroethane; 1,1-difluoro-2-methoxyethane; 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoro-3-(trifluoromethoxy)propane; 1-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethane; 3-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoropropane; 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-(trifluoromethoxy)propane; 1,1,2-trifluoro-1-methoxy-2-(trifluoromethoxy)ethane; 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane; 1,1,2,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-methoxypropane; 1-(1,1-difluoroethoxy)-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; 3-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoropropane; 1,1,1,2,2-pentafluoro-3-methoxypropane; 2-(difluoromethoxy)-1,1,1-trifluoropropane; 2-ethoxy-1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane; 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-ethoxyethane; 1,1,1-trifluoro-3-methoxypropane; 1,1,1-trifluoro-2-methoxypropane; 1-ethoxy-1,2,2-trifluoroethane; 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-3-(pentafluoroethoxy)propane; 2-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,3,3,3-heptafluoropropane; 3-ethoxy-1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoropropane; 1-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)propane; 2,3-difluoro-4-(trifluoromethyl)oxetane; 1-ethoxy-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane; and/or 1,1,1,2,2,3,3-heptafluoro-3-methoxypropane. The fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is a fluorinated ester having a formula Cm+nH2m+1 F2n+1C(O)O. The fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is a fluorinated carbonate having a formula Cm+nH2m+1F2n+1CH(CO3). The fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is a fluorinated carbon material (preferably a solid state material having a formula CFx1) or is a fluorinated blood substitute. The fluorinated blood substitute is a fluorocarbon having a formula Cn2Fm2. Or the fluorinated blood substitute is a hydrofluorocarbon having a formula Cn2FpHq. The fluorinated blood substitute is perfluorodecalin, and is present as an emulsion in the solvent. The metalloprotein is an ironprotein. The ironprotein is hemoglobin. The metal oxide dissolution enhancer comprises an anion receptor, crown ether, cation receptor, a lithium salt dissolved in an organic or inorganic solvent, an ionically conducting polymer, an ionic liquid, and/or a fused lithium salt. The metal oxide dissolution enhancer comprises a lithium salt dissolved in a linear or cyclic ester, a linear or cyclic ether, acetonitrile, and/or gamma -butyrolactone; or in methyl formate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, and/or propylene carbonate; or in dimethoxyethane and/or dioxolane. The metal oxide dissolution enhancer comprises lithium and a complex anion (preferably LiClO4, LiBF4, LiAsF6, LiSbF6, LiAlCl4, and/or LiPF6). The metal oxide dissolution enhancer is: LiPF6 in ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate; LiBF4 in gamma-butyrolactone; LiClO4 in propylene carbonate; 15-crown-5 ether; NaPF6 in CH3CN; propylene carbonate in 12-crown-4 ether; or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate. The fluorinated blood substitute is a perfluorooctanoic acid having formula C8HF15O2; an ammonium perfluoralkyl sulfonate having formula CtF2t+1SO3NH4; or a perfluoroalkyl sulfonamide having formula CtF2t+1SO2NH2; or the fluorinated blood substitute is a perfluorocarbon of formula CtFu; or is a perfluooctyl ethane having formula C10F17C2H5 or C10F17H5. The fluorinated blood substitute is a perfluoroalkyl halide or its derivative (preferably perfluorooctyl bromide having formula C8F17Br; a perfluoroalkyl acid; or a perfluoroalkyl acid derivative).m and n=1-10;x1=greater than 0.01 to les than 2;m2=2-42;n2=1-20;p and q=2-41;t=1-20;u=integer having value less than or equal to (2t+2).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The oxygen reduction catalyst comprises a conjugated polymer or combination of conjugated polymers. The conjugated polymer or combination of conjugated polymers comprises polypyrrole, polyaniline, polyacetylene, polyparaphenylene, and/or polythiophene. The fluorinated or metalloprotein oxygen dissolution enhancer is a fluorinated polymer. The fluorinated polymer is polytetrafluoroethylene, perfluoroalkoxy polymer, fluorinated ethylene propylene, ethylene tetrafluoroethylene, ethylene chlorotrifluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polychlorotrifluoroethylene, a polymethylene-type perfluoro rubber having all substituents on the polymer chain either fluoro, perfluoroalkyl or perfluoroalkoxy groups, a polymethylene-type fluororubber having fluoro and perfluoroalkoxy substituent groups in the main chain, polyvinylfluoride, perfluoropolyether, and/or Nafion (RTM: sulfonated fluoropolymer). EXAMPLE - No suitable example is given.