TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The method-1 further comprises dehydrating at least a portion of the alcohol to produce an olefin feed, at least a portion of the olefin feed providing the olefin that reacts with the carboxylic acid to produce the ester; oligomerizing at least another portion of the alcohol to produce hydrocarbons; oligomerizing at least another portion of the olefin feed to produce hydrocarbons; and oligomerizing at least a portion of the alcohol to produce an olefin feed, at least a portion of the olefin feed providing the olefin that reacts with the carboxylic acid to produce the ester. The step of converting the biomass into a carboxylic acid further comprises: fermenting the biomass to yield a liquid fermentation broth comprising water and carboxylate salts; dewatering the liquid fermentation broth to separate the water from the carboxylate salts; and converting the carboxylate salts into carboxylic acids. The method-1 further comprises converting the alcohol into a hydrocarbon, which comprises an oligomerization process comprising oligomerizing at least a portion of the alcohol to produce the hydrocarbon. The step of converting the alcohol into a hydrocarbon comprises: dehydrating at least a portion of the alcohol to produce an olefin feed; and oligomerizing at least a portion of the olefin feed to produce the hydrocarbon. The method-2 further comprises converting another portion of the carboxylic acid, another portion of the ketone, or another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol; and providing at least a portion of the alcohol to the oligomerization reactor for the process that produces the oligomerization product. The step of converting another portion of the carboxylic acid into alcohol comprises: reacting another portion of the carboxylic acid with an olefin to produce an ester; and hydrogenolyzing the ester to produce the alcohol. The step of reacting at least one of the portion of the carboxylic acid, the portion of the ketone, or the portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt in the oligomerization reactor as at least part of the process that produces the oligomerization product and converting another portion of the carboxylic acid, the another portion of the ketone, or the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol are carried out in the oligomerization reactor with one catalyst. The method-2 further comprises: separating a recycle stream from the oligomerization product; processing the recycle stream in a reformer to produce hydrogen; and providing a least a portion of the produced hydrogen for the process of converting the another portion of the carboxylic acid, the another portion of the ketone, or the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol. In the method-2, when at least a portion of the biomass is converted to the ammonium carboxylate salt, then the method further comprises separating ammonia from the recycle stream prior to processing the recycle stream in a reformer to produce hydrogen. The method-2 further comprises: separating olefins from the recycle stream prior to processing the recycle stream in a reformer to produce hydrogen or separating a recycle stream from the oligomerization product; separating olefins from the recycle stream; and providing the olefins to the oligomerization reactor for the process that produces the oligomerization product. In the method-2, at least a portion of the biomass is converted into a carboxylic acid and ketone. The step of converting at least a portion of the biomass into a carboxylic acid comprises: fermenting the biomass to produce a calcium carboxylate salt or an ammonium carboxylate salt; and converting the calcium carboxylate salt or the ammonium carboxylate salt to carboxylic acid using an acid recovery process. The step of reacting at least one of the portion of the carboxylic acid, the portion of the ketone, or the portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt in the oligomerization reactor as at least part of the process that produces the oligomerization product and converting the another portion of the carboxylic acid, the another portion of the ketone, or the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol are carried out in the oligomerization reactor with one catalyst. The step of converting at least a portion of the biomass into a ketone comprises: fermenting the biomass to produce a calcium carboxylate salt, and thermally converting the calcium carboxylate salt into the ketone; or fermenting the biomass to produce a calcium carboxylate salt or an ammonium carboxylate salt, converting the calcium carboxylate salt or the ammonium carboxylate salt to carboxylic acid using an acid recovery process, and catalytically converting carboxylic acid into ketone. The method-2 further comprises converting another portion of the ketone into alcohol by hydrogenating the another portion of the ketone. The step of converting at least a portion of the biomass into a ketone comprises: fermenting the biomass to produce a calcium carboxylate salt; and producing hot ketone vapors and calcium carbonate in a ketone reactor operated with a sweep gas. In the method-2, at least a portion of the biomass is converted into the ammonium carboxylate salt. The method-2 further comprises: converting another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol; and providing the alcohol to the oligomerization reactor for the process that produces the oligomerization product, where the step of converting the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt into alcohol comprises: converting the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt into a second carboxylic acid; reacting the second carboxylic acid with an olefin to produce an ester; and hydrogenolyzing the ester to produce the alcohol. The method-2 further comprises: separating ammonia from the ammonium carboxylate salt prior to reacting the portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt in the oligomerization reactor as at least part of the process that produces the oligomerization product. The step of converting at least a portion of the biomass into a carboxylic acid, a ketone, or an ammonium carboxylate salt comprises a fermentation process in a fermenter, and the method further comprises separating a gaseous recycle stream from the oligomerization product; and providing at least a portion of the gaseous recycle stream to the fermenter. The method-2 further comprises: converting another portion of the carboxylic acid, another portion of the ketone, or another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol; and providing the alcohol to the oligomerization reactor. In the method, at least a portion of the biomass is converted into a carboxylic acid, a ketone and an ammonium carboxylate salt. The method-2 further comprises: separating ammonia from the gaseous recycle stream prior to providing the at least a portion of the gaseous recycle stream to the fermenter; separating fermenter gases exiting the fermenter; processing the fermenter gases in a reformer to produce hydrogen; and providing at least a portion of the produced hydrogen for the process of converting the another portion of the carboxylic acid, the another portion of the ketone, or the another portion of the ammonium carboxylate salt to alcohol. Preferred Components: The sweep gas is reactive, condensable or both. The sweep gas comprises hydrogen or steam. EXAMPLE - Liquid acetic acid was vaporized and added to the reactor at flow rate of 10 ml liquid/hour, and the reactor was operated at 400 degrees C and a pressure of 1 atmosphere in the presence of H-ZSM-5 catalyst. The product exiting the reactor was separated into two fractions of liquid (49.77%) and gas (51.76%), where the gas fraction comprised of methane (0.13%), carbon dioxide (33.99%), ethylene (0.23%), propene (0.66%), carbon monoxide (0.66%) and C4 (16.09%); and the liquid fraction comprised of acetic acid (29.53%), 2-propanone (8.195%), other oxygenates (4.02%) and aromatics (8.025%).