TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Component: The compound bacterial preparation containing fiber-decomposing bacteria comprises greater than or equal to 2 of Bacillus licheniformis, B. cereus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Candida rugosa, B. subtilis, Cellulomonas flavigena, Streptomyces microflavus, and Trichoderma viride. Preferred Method: The method further comprises crushing straw into 2-12 cm long segments, scattering the segments uniformly into field, adding water, and controlling the water level at 3-10 cm higher than the straw; scattering chemical maturing agent uniformly onto the straw and controlling mass ratio of chemical maturing agent to straw; and after 1-2 days, scattering biological maturing agent onto the straw, controlling mass ratio of the biological maturing agent to straw, and decomposing the straw. It further comprises crushing straw into 2-12 cm long segments; processing soil into slurry containing 3-7% mud; mixing chemical maturing agent with the slurry, scattering the mixed material uniformly onto the straw, and controlling mass ratio of chemical maturing agent to straw; and after 1-10 hours, scattering biological maturing agent onto the straw, and controlling mass ratio of biological maturing agent to straw, and decomposing the straw. The method further comprises crushing straw into 2-12 cm long segments; dissolving chemical maturing agent in water, scattering the solution uniformly onto the straw, and controlling mass ratio of chemical maturing agent to straw; adding water into the straw until water content is 50-60%; stacking the straw; and after 1-2 days, scattering biological maturing agent onto the straw, controlling the mass ratio of biological maturing agent to straw, and decomposing the straw.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The organic substrate is chicken manure, horse manure, edible fungi residue, waste alcohol, and/or monosodium glutamate waste. In the biological maturing agent, the mass ratio of compound bacterial preparation to organic substrate is 0.1-20:100. The mass ratio of chemical maturing agent to biological maturing agent is 2-20:2-30, preferably 3-8:3-10.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The alkali lignin and sodium lignosulfonate are from waste papermaking solution.