TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOLOGY - Preferred Method: The method further comprises: the step of maintaining a ratio of mass flow per cross sectional area per unit time of the gas flow to the aqueous solution flow between 0.25-0.4; the step of adding an inoculum comprising at least one microorganism to the biomass prior to the step of mixing a bulking agent with a biomass; the step of adding enzymes to the biomass prior to the step of adding an inoculum to the biomass; the step of adding an antibiotic to the biomass prior to the step of adding enzymes to the biomass; the step of collecting the liquid solution from a lower end of the biomass and recycling the liquid solution back on to an upper end of the mixture; and the step of treating the liquid solution to improve quality before recycling the liquid solution back on to an upper end of the mixture. The method further comprises the step of reversing the direction of a gas flow through the mixture. The liquid effluent is treated by physical device before recycling. The liquid effluent is treated by chemical device before recycling.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The vessel further comprises many openings located on the lower end, where the gas distribution system communicates with the vessel at the lower end through the openings. The vessel further comprises many openings located on the lower end, where the liquid recovery system communicates with the vessel at the lower end through the openings. The lower end of the vessel is conically shaped. The biomass opening is located at an apex of the conically shaped lower end. The material reclaim system further comprises an auger driven by a motor, where the auger protrudes into the vessel through the opening at the apex and extends up towards a perimeter of a base of the conically shaped lower end. The vessel further comprises many openings located on the lateral surface of the conically shaped lower end. (I) further comprises: at least one screen disposed on the lower end of the vessel and covering the openings; and many screens configured to fit within and cover one of the openings in the lower end of the vessel. The gas distribution system further comprises: at least one fan; a first duct in communication with the upper end of the vessel and the fan; and a second duct in communication with the lower end of the vessel and the fan. The gas distribution system further comprises at least one valve, which is in communication with the at least one fan, where the at least one valve can selectively connect an intake and an output from the at least one fan to the first duct and the second duct and change a direction of a gas flow through the vessel. The liquid collection system is in communication with the liquid distribution system, where a liquid effluent from the bioreactor can be recycled. The screen is a wedge wire screen. The wedge wire screen further comprises many wires oriented to run towards a direction of material removal. The screen comprises many wires oriented to run towards the material removal port. The material removal system further comprises at least one auger. The hollow body is sealed and configured for anaerobic bioreactor operation. The bioreactor-1 further comprises many manifolds, where the manifolds are disposed to connect the openings with the gas ports and the liquid ports. The gas port of the gas ports is located above at least one liquid port of the liquid ports on at least one manifold of the manifolds. (I) further comprises a device for treating the effluent discharge to improve quality before recycling. The valve further comprises a second valve disposed along the length of the duct on an input side of the at least one fan, where oxygen can be introduced into the bioreactor by opening the second valve.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: In the method, a product of fermentation is a biogas, where the biogas is methane. The method further comprises the step of collecting a liquid effluent from the static solid state bioreactor, where the liquid effluent contains alcohol, preferably ethanol. Preferred Components: The bulking agent maintains a hydraulic conductivity of the mixture greater than 10-4 cm/second. The bulking agent limits the gas flow back-pressure to less than 200 mm of water head. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.