TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The array-roof integration member is a flexible member. The array-roof integration member has a surface color or color pattern and surface texture which is a set of surface colors or color patterns and surface textures to visually match a color or color pattern and texture of the roof. The array-roof integration member has a surface color which is a set of surface colors to be visually complementary to a color of the roof. In the apparatus, where the roof is sloped, and where the first side of the array is located on a lower portion of the sloped roof, further comprises: a second array-roof integration member attached to a second side of the array, where the array-roof integration member covers a gap between the second side of the array and the roof; and a third array-roof integration member attached to a third side of the array, where the array-roof integration member covers a gap between the third side of the array and the roof. The array-roof integration member is covered with shingles (202) which are less than half an inch in thickness. The array-roof integration member comprises: many shingles attached to a support piece; molded plastic having a colored surface; and formed metal having a colored surface. In the apparatus, where a rigid frame surrounds each photovoltaic module. The apparatus further comprises: many air gaps in the first array-roof integration member, where the air gaps are configured to provide a predetermined minimum net free vent area; a clear backsheet in each photovoltaic module; areas on each photovoltaic module through which the backsheet of the module is visible; a module with a colored back sheet chosen to complement or match the roof color; and a mechanism to remove debris. The array-roof integration member is a predetermined set of the members so as to have a visible surface which is visually compatible with the shingles. The photovoltaic modules comprise bifacial modules which collect solar energy from both faces of each module. Preferred Method: The method further comprises: attaching a second array-roof integration member to a second side of the array, where the array-roof integration member covers a gap between the second side of the array and the roof; and attaching a third array-roof integration member to a third side of the array, where the array-roof integration member covers a gap between the third side of the array and the roof.