TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preparation: No preparation method is given. Preferred Definitions:    X and Y1=5-20C aromatic hydrocarbyl, or aromatic heterocyclyl (both optionally substituted), alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylene or alkylene;    Z=thiophenyl, vinyl, polyvinyl, phenyl, naphthyl, anthracenyl, fluorenyl, biphenyl, pyranyl, pyrrolyl, carbazolyl, alkyl, alkoxy, aryl, alkenyl, arylene, or alkylene;    A=carboxy, phosphoryl, sulfonyl, phosphinyl, hydroxy acid group, oxycarboxy, or acid amide;    X-N-Y1=group selected from 133 groups as given in the specification, e.g. N(4-fluorophenyl)(phenyl (substituted by R at 4-position)), N(pentafluorophenyl)(phenyl (substituted by R at 4-position)), N(4-fluorophenyl)(3,4-difluoro-phenyl), N(2,4,6-trifluorophenyl)(2-thienyl (substituted by R at 5-position)), N(2,4-difluorophenyl)(1-naphthyl), N(4-fluorophenyl)(pyren-1-yl (substituted by R at 6-position)), N(4-fluorophenyl)(pyridine-2-yl), N(2,4-difluorophenyl)(quinoln-2-yl), N(4-fluorophenyl)(furan-2-yl (substituted by R at 4-position)), or N(phenyl (penta-substituted by R))(phenyl (substituted by R at 2,3,5,6-positions and by Si(R)3) at 4-position);    R=H, trimethylsilyl, 1-8C alkyl, 1-8C alkoxy, aryl, alkenyl, arylene, or group selected from 18 groups as given in the specification, e.g. 1,4-phenylene (substituted by R1 and R2 at 2- and 5-positions, respectively), thiophen-2,5-diyl (substituted by R1), 1,1'-biphenyl-4,4'-diyl (substituted by R1 on one ring and by R2 on the other), or naphthalene-2,6-diyl;    R1 and R2=1-8C alkyl, 1-8C alkoxy, or alkenyl.    SPECIFIC COMPOUNDS - 6 Compounds are disclosed as (I); e.g. 3-(5-(4-(N-(4-butylphenyl)-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)styryl)thiophene-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (Ia); 3-(5-(4-(N-(4-butylphenyl)-N-(2,3-difluorophenyl)amino)styryl)thiophene-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid; (Z)-3-(5-((E)-2-(4-((4-tert-butyl-phenyl)-(2,4-difluoro-phenyl)-amino)-phenyl)-vinyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyano-acrylic acid; N-((4-trimethylsilyl)phenyl)-N-phenyl-4-((4-aminostyryl)-2-cyano)-3-phenylacrylic acid; and (Z)-3-(5-((E)-2-(4-((4-butyl-phenyl)-(4-trimethylsilanyl-phenyl)-amino)-phenyl)-vinyl)-thiophen-2-yl)-2-cyano-acrylic acid.    EXAMPLE - A mixture of 5-(4-(N-(4-butylphenyl)-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)styryl)thiophene-2-carbaldehyde (2.9 mmol), 2-cyanoacetic acid (4.3 mmol), and piperidine (7 mmol), was dissolved in acetonitrile (50 ml) and refluxed for 12 hours. After the reaction was terminated, the acetonitrile was removed from the solution. The solution was dissolved in dichloromethane. After a silica gel column, a solvent was reduced and distilled. The solvent was precipitated in methanol and filtered to obtain 3-(5-(4-(N-(4-butylphenyl)-N-(2,4-difluorophenyl)amino)styryl)thiophene-2-yl)-2-cyanoacrylic acid (Ia) (2.1 g) as a solid. The dye (Ia) was used for fabricating a dye-sensitized solar cell (test). The (test) solar cell was evaluated for some electrochemical properties, which were as follows: short-circuit photocurrent density (J(sc)): 12.73 mA; open circuit voltage (V(oc)): 0.634 V; and photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE): 5.85%. The results were compared with the results of a solar cell using a dye (N719 (RTM: a dye for solar cell)) having a highest efficiency. It was observed that the (test) solar cell had comparable open circuit voltage and 80% of the PCE of that of the comparison cell.