TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Additive: In the electrolyte flame-retardant additive, the electrolyte comprises the organic solvent and lithium salt. The organic solvent comprises one or the mixture of more than two of the ethylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate; the lithium salt comprises one or the mixture of more than two of the Lithium Hexafluorophosphate (LiPF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate (LiBF4), Lithium perchlorate (LiClO4), and Lithium bis(oxalato)borate (LiBOB). Preferred Battery: In the lithium ion battery, the anode active matter comprises one or the mixture of more than two of the lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), Lithium Iron Phosphate (LiFePO4), and lithium nickel oxide (LiNiO2); the weight ratio of the anode active matter in the anode composition is 88%-96%; the cathode active matter comprises one or the mixture of more than two of the artificial graphite, mesophase carbon micro-ball or the modification coated and doped natural graphite, the weight ratio of the cathode active matter in the cathode composition is 90%-96%; the anode conductive agent and cathode conductive agent comprise one or the mixture of more than two of the conductive graphite, acetylene black and nano-silver powder; the weight ratio of the anode conductive agent and cathode conductive agent in the anode composition and cathode composition is 1%-5% respectively; the anode binder and cathode binder comprise one or the mixture of more than two of the polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene, acrylic acid and styrene-butadiene rubber, the weight ratio of the anode binder and cathode binder in the anode composition and cathode composition is 1%-7% respectively; the thickening agent is the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose and the weight ratio of the thickening agent in the cathode composition is 1%-3%. The conductivity of the electrolyte is 7.0-13 ms/cm. The diaphragm paper uses the polypropylene (PP)/polyethylene (PE)/PP three-layer composite film, the thickness is 14-45 microns and the porosity is 30-60%. The sealing shell is the aluminum plastic film or aluminum shell or steel shell. The solvent is added for preparing the anode and cathode; the solvent is one of the high purity deionized water and N-methyl pyrolidone; the conductivity of the high purity deionized water is less than or equal to 3 mu s/cm; the water content of the N-methyl pyrolidone is less than or equal to 0.01%.