TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The electrode material is platinum, silver/silver chloride, or indium-tin oxide. The hydroxy ions produced from optical base molecules in water are only allowed to transmit through anion-exchange membrane, while the optical base molecules and the cations produced upon optical irradiation are not allowed to transmit through anion-exchange membrane. Preferred Properties: The concentration of sodium chloride or potassium chloride is 1 mu M to 6 M.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The anion-exchange membrane contains basic active groups in membrane structure. The basic active group is -NR3OH, -NRR2OH, -NH2, -NHR, or -NR2. The surfactant is hexadecyl trimethylammonium bromide, hexadecyl trimethylammonium chloride, dodecyl trimethylammonium bromide, and/or dodecyl trimethylammonium chloride. The optical base molecule is tert. aromatic amine of formulae (I)-(IV). The aqueous solution of optical acid molecules is only contained in the first container or the aqueous solution of optical acid molecules that contain quat. ammonium salt-type surfactant and sodium chloride or potassium chloride is contained in first or second container. The optical base molecules are subjected to photodegradation in aqueous solution containing quat. ammonium salt-type surfactant and sodium chloride or potassium chloride under illumination, and decomposed into hydroxy ions and cations. Under light-shielding condition, the hydroxy ions and cations produced upon photodegradation reform to optical base molecules.R=aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl;R2=2 aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl, or 1 aliphatic hydrocarbyl and 1 aromatic hydrocarbyl; andR3=3 aliphatic or aromatic hydrocarbyl, 3 aliphatic hydrocarbyl and 1 aromatic hydrocarbyl, or 1 aliphatic hydrocarbyl and 2 aromatic hydrocarbyl, in which the aliphatic hydrocarbyl is 2-20C aliphatic hydrocarbyl, and the aromatic hydrocarbyl is non-condensed 6-30C aromatic hydrocarbyl.Preferred Properties: The concentration of aqueous solution is 1 mu M to concentration of saturated solution. The concentration of surfactant is 1 mu M to 0.2 M.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The anion exchange-membrane is aminated polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, or polyvinyl chloride membrane.