NOVELTY - The lithium ion battery electrode comprises a conductive substrate (102), and silicon containing nanowires (104) substrate-rooted to the conductive substrate and configured for inserting and removing lithium ions during battery cycling maintaining capacity of 600 mAh/g after 100 cycles. The nanowires: comprise a conductivity enhancement component for reducing electrical resistance of the nanowires, a core and shells; are doped with dopants that serve as the conductivity enhancement component; and have an aspect ratio of 10 in a fully discharged state.    USE - The electrode is useful for lithium ion battery, which is useful in aerospace, medical devices, portable electronics and automotive applications.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode has good electric conductivity and ionic mobility, improved lithium ion insertion properties, increased adhesion properties and enhanced mechanical strength, improves the gravimetric and volumetric capacity of the battery, and increases the service life and performance of the battery.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lithium ion battery electrode comprises a conductive substrate (102), and silicon containing nanowires (104) substrate-rooted to the conductive substrate and configured for inserting and removing lithium ions during battery cycling maintaining capacity of 600 mAh/g after 100 cycles. The nanowires: comprise a conductivity enhancement component for reducing electrical resistance of the nanowires, a core and shells; are doped with dopants that serve as the conductivity enhancement component; have an aspect ratio of 10 in a fully discharged state, an average cross-section dimension of 1-300 nanometers in a fully discharged state and a length of 100 micrometer in a fully discharged state; and form a layer having a porosity of less than 75 % before the first cycle. The material of the core is different from the material of the innermost shell, and materials of any two adjacent shells are different. The dopants consist of the group III and V elements of the periodic table, and have high concentration near the outer surfaces of the nanowires than near the centers of the nanowires. The average cross-section dimension of the nanowires is caused by the electrode swelling such that a fracture limit is not reached at the maximum charge level. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for:    (1) a lithium ion battery; and    (2) a method of manufacturing an electrode for a lithium ion battery.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The diagram shows a schematic view of a substrate rooted and non-rooted nanowires.    Conductive substrate (102)    Nanowire. (104)