TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Method: The method further comprises increasing liquid product yield by increasing water formation relative to carbon monoxide and/or carbon dioxide formation; operating the refinery unit at a site adjacent to a solid biomass growth source. It further comprises providing catalyst for mechano-chemical interaction with a portion(s) of the solid biomass particles. The biomass feedstock comprises solid biomass particles, which have an average size of 50-1000 mu m and individual sizes of 0.1-1500 mu m. It comprises heavy liquid fraction of liquefied biomass feedstock. The biomass feedstock is free of mineral contamination capable of inactivating a catalyst. The refinery unit comprises a system for refreshing and/or regenerating a catalyst. The refinery feedstock comprises atmospheric gas oil or vacuum gas oil from a paraffinic or naphthenic crude source, resid from paraffinic or naphthenic crude source, hydrotreated vacuum gas oil, hydrotreated resid, and/or hydrotreated light cycle oil. The method further comprises using basic catalyst and zeolite catalyst. It further comprises a reaction time of less than or equal to 2 seconds. The reactor comprises bed reactor, transport reactor, and riser reactor and/or downer reactor. The method further comprises a reaction time that favors kinetic products relative to equilibrium products. The method further comprises demineralizing the biomass feedstock; torrefying the biomass feedstock below 300 degrees C to produce solid biomass particles having increased brittleness and/or increased susceptibility to catalytic conversion; agitating solid biomass particles to reduce a size characterizing a portion(s) of the particles; separating biomass-catalyst mixture comprising the particles and catalyst into a fine fraction comprising particles of a predetermined size and a coarse fraction comprising particles of greater than the predetermined size. Separating includes using a high velocity cyclone. greater than or equal to 80% Of the solid biomass particles have individual sizes of less than or equal to 10 mu m. The refinery feedstock comprises hydrogen donor. It comprises petrochemical feedstock. The refinery unit comprises a petrochemical refinery unit. The refinery feedstock comprises a product or a combination of products derived from crude oil and destined for further processing. The method further comprises providing the biomass feedstock to the conventional refinery unit using a first feed system; and providing the refinery feedstock to the conventional refinery unit using a second feed system. It further comprises using a water-insoluble catalyst; solid base catalyst comprising hydrotalcite, hydrotalcite-like mineral, clay, layered hydroxy salt, mixed metal oxide, and/or their calcination product; alumina catalyst; fluid catalytic cracking catalyst; and petroleum coke catalyst.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Method: The method further comprises using hydrotreating, hydrocracking, hydrogenation, nickel molybdenum, cobalt molybdenum, nickel cobalt molybdenum, noble metal, and/or supported noble metal catalysts. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.