NOVELTY - Method for co-production of hydrogen and methane by dry anaerobic fermentation of solid organic waste, involves obtaining urban garbage and agricultural wastes as raw material, subjecting raw material to pretreatment of dry anaerobic fermentation, carrying out hydrogen production and methane production of dry anaerobic fermentation, then collecting reaction mixed gas, separating, purifying, and obtaining pure biogas.    USE - The method is useful for co-production of hydrogen and methane (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method continuously produces hydrogen and methane with high yield, improves utilization ratio of organic wastes, and is environment-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Method for co-production of hydrogen and methane by dry anaerobic fermentation of solid organic waste, involves (a) obtaining urban garbage and agricultural wastes as raw material, subjecting raw material to pretreatment of dry anaerobic fermentation, where the pretreatment is performed by sieving raw material to obtain organic wastes, then wetting, stacking in a storing chamber with a humidity of 100%, simultaneously adding a microbial inoculum (5 wt.%) and ammonium bicarbonate (1.5 wt.%) to the material and mixing well, subjecting to aerobic stacking until the raw material is processed by white actinomyces, and then transmitting the raw material to a reactor, (b) performing hydrogen production by dry anaerobic fermentation which involves transmitting pretreated raw material to a reactor for hydrogen production through anaerobic fermentation, then inoculating a microbial inoculum for hydrogen and acetic acid production, and then adding water to regulate solid and liquid content during hydrogen production process to 20-30%, then mixing using a stirrer, regulating pH to 5.4-6.2, and processing continuously for 1-2 days at normal temperature or mild temperature, where the organic material is decomposed to low molecular acid while producing hydrogen, such that a base is provided to the process for methane production, (c) performing methane production of dry anaerobic fermentation, which involves placing the obtained low molecular acid in an anaerobic reactor for methane production, then inoculating a microbial inoculum of methane production, regulating pH value to 6.8-7.5 and regulating carbon/nitrogen ratio to 20-30:1, processing at mild temperature or high temperature for 20-40 days (where noxious material is prevented from entering), and then controlling charge to maintain a stability between acidification and methanation and obtaining high yield of methane, and (d) purifying biogas by collecting reaction mixed gas, separating, purifying and obtaining pure biogas.