TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The solidification liquid is hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid water solutions, methanol, alcohol, methyl ether, acetone, and methyl propanediol. The hydrate of alkali metals is magnesium hydrate and/or calcium hydrate. The phosphate of alkali metals is trisodium phosphate and/or tripotassium phosphate. The concentration of hydrochloric acid is 5-35% by weight. The concentration of sulfuric acid is 5-98% by weight. The concentration of phosphoric acid is 5-98% by weight.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The pore forming material with granularity of 0.01-2 mm is hydrate and phosphate of alkali metals, aluminum hydrate, trimeric sodium phosphate, saturated carboxylic acid with 5-15 carbon atoms, benzoic acid polyalcohol ester, phthalic acid dialkyl ester with 13-18 carbon atoms and polyalcohol oxide methyl acetic ester. The saturated carboxylic acid with 5-15 carbon atoms is valeric acid, caproic acid, heptylate, octanoic acid, pelargonic acid, decanoate and their isomers. The benzoic acid polyalcohol ester is benzoic acid diglycol ester and/or benzoic acid benzoic acid diglyropylene glycol ester. The phthalic acid dialkyl ester with 13-18 carbon atoms is diamyl terephthalate and/or diamyl isophthalate. The polyalcohol oxide methyl acetic ester is propanediol methyl acetic ester and/or glycol methyl acetic ester. The solvent is N-methyl-2-pyrrollidone, N-N-dimethyl acetamide, tetrahydrofuran, N-N-dimethyl acetamide, N-dimethylformamide, m-cresol, dimethyl sulfoxide and methanol.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Composition: The ratio of pore forming material to polyamic acid is 0.01-0.3:1 by weight. The ratio of polyamic acid to solvent is 1-4.5:10 by weight. The ratio of polyamic acid to solidification liquid is 1-20:200 by weight. The polyamic acid is polypyromellitic amic acid, polybiphenylmellitic amic acid and polydiphenyl ketone tetramethyl amic acid.