TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Component: The sensitized solar cell comprises an optical anode, electrolyte and a counter electrode. The optical anode is composed of two parts and comprises a dense layer firmly contacted with a conductive substrate and a titanium dioxide film comprising the titanium dioxide microball firmly contacted with the dense layer. The electrolyte is organic liquid electrolyte, solid or quasi-solid electrolyte. The counter electrode is conductive glass plated with platinum, carbon, metal electrode, or conductive polymer. The dense layer comprises 1-10 nm titanium dioxide particle and has thickness of 10-300 nm. The conductive substrate is transparent conductive glass or metal plate. The solid electrolyte is copper iodide or copper thiocyanate. The quasi-solid electrolyte comprises ionic liquid and conductive polymer. The counter electrode plated with platinum comprises platinum and conductive glass obtained by thermally decomposing chloroplatinic acid solution (0.01-10 mM), where the chloroplatinic acid solution is prepared using solvent selected from methanol, ethanol, tert-butyl alcohol or isopropanol. The carbon electrode comprises carbon soot and carbon nanopipe.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The microball has diameter of 0.5-5 mu m. The nano rod has length of 0.5-2.5 mu m and diameter of 10-50 nm. The size of the nanoparticle is 10-50 nm. The titanium source is tetrabutyl titanate, titanyl sulfate, titanium trichloride, titanium tetrachloride or ammonium hexafluorotitanate. The concentration of the titanium source is 0.005-1 mol/L. Preferred Method: The thermal reaction of solvent is conducted at 60-250 degrees C for 1-72 hours. The thermal process is conducted at 300-700 degrees C at rate of 1-10 degrees C/minute for 1-10 hours.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - METALLURGY - Preferred Component: The metal electrode is gold, silver, platinum or aluminum.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The organic solvent is formic acid, glacial acetic acid, oxalic acid, 1-2-propanediamine, n-butyric acid, or oleic acid.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The conductive polymer is poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate).