TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOLOGY - Preferred Process: The step of depolymerizing the lignocellulosic material to form pentose and the pentose depolymerization unit, comprises a hydrolysis process, an acidic process (pH less than or equal to 7), a basic or alkali process (pH greater than or equal to 7), an ammonia fiber expansion process, an enzymatic process, a solvent process, a thermomechanical process, a thermochemical process, a steam based process, a steam explosion process, a hot water based treatment process and/or a supercritical process. The step of converting the hexose or the pentose to the first biofuel material or the second biofuel material comprises: a microorganism process, preferably an algae process, a bacterial process, a fungal process, a free enzyme process, a chemical process, a thermochemical process and/or a thermocatalytic process; or ethanol fermentation. The step of removing hexose from the feedstock comprises crushing, milling and/or diffusion. The process (I) further comprises: consuming the residue to produce energy by burning the residue in a fired heater or a boiler unit, and generating steam; reacting the first biofuel material and/or the second biofuel material with an alcohol-based material to form a biodiesel product and glycerin; and optionally converting the glycerin to additional biodiesel material. Preferred Components: The first and second biofuel materials comprise a biogasoline material or a biodiesel material. The feedstock comprises sugarcane (preferred), energy cane, corn, maize, sorghum, sweet sorghum, sugar beet, rice and/or cassava. The lignocellulosic material comprises bagasse, rice straw, corn stover, Miscanthus, switchgrass, wheat straw, wood, wood waste, paper, paper waste, agricultural waste and/or municipal waste. The residue comprises cellulose or lignin.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The plant further comprises: an esterification unit to react the biodiesel material with an alcohol-based material to form a biodiesel product and glycerin; and a line adapted for supplying the glycerin to the pentose conversion unit. The pentose conversion unit uses: a microorganism; and algae process, bacterial process, fungal process, free enzyme process, chemical process, thermochemical process and/or thermocatalytic process.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The biodiesel material comprises polyunsaturated fatty acids, esters, triglycerides and/or alkanes. The hexose comprises glucose, sucrose or fructose, and the pentose comprises xylose. The alcohol-based material comprises ethanol, methanol (preferred) or the biogasoline derived from converting hexose. EXAMPLE - Ethanol (370 kilotons) and biodiesel material or oil (180 kilotons) were produced in integrated biogasoline and biodiesel plant. Sugar cane (4.8 megatons) was fed to the integrated plant, and was crushed and milled to give hexose sugar juice (720 kilotons) and bagasse (4 megatons). The sugar juice was fermented into the produced product alcohols. The bagasse hydrolyzes to pentose sugar juice (800 kilotons based on 20% sugar content from hemicellulose) and 3.2 megatons of lignin and cellulose residue. The lignin and cellulose residue were combusted to produce steam and electricity for use in the process or export to the electrical distribution grid. The pentose sugar juice was fermented to produce the biodiesel material and/or oil. The pentose fermentation in a pentose fermentor utilizes different organisms or pathways from the hexose fermentation.