TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The adsorbent is oxides of calcium, zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, aluminum, alkaline metal and/or alkaline earth metal. The syngas is not desulfurized. The regeneration adsorbent recycled to the reactor pre-heats the syngas feeding material as heat medium.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The upper parts of the N+1 adsorbent zones are provided with at least one adsorbent inlet. The syngas inlet is located on the upper part of the reactor. The methane rich gas outlet is located on the bottom of the reactor. The syngas inlet is located on the bottom of the reactor. The methane rich gas outlet is located on the upper part of the reactor. The N adsorbent regenerators and the regeneration adsorbent formed in each adsorbent regenerator are sent to the upper part of one of the N adsorbent zones. The waste adsorbent produced in the N adsorbent zones is sent to the upper part of the lowermost adsorbent zone in the reactor and enters into the absorbent regenerator to regenerate by the waste adsorbent conveying pipeline from the lower part. Each methanation catalyst zone and each adsorbent zone comprises fluidized beds, mobile beds and/or fixed beds of the catalyst particles and adsorbent particles. The fluidized bed, mobile bed and/or fixed bed of each adsorbent zone comprises a perforate plate mounted with at least one lower conduit on the bottom, where the upper end of the lower conduit is located on the bottom of the adsorbent zone. The lower end of the lower conduit is located on the upper part of the lowermost absorbent zone in the reactor, so that the saturated adsorbent reaches the upper part of the lowermost absorbent zone in the reactor. The fluidized bed, mobile bed and/or fixed bed of each adsorbent zone comprises a perforate plate mounted with at least one vertical baffle on the bottom, where the upper end of the vertical baffle is located on the bottom of the adsorbent zone. The lower end of the vertical baffle is located on the upper part of the lowermost absorbent zone in the reactor, and there is clearance or channel between the vertical baffle and the inner wall of the reactor, so that the saturated adsorbent reaches the upper part of the lowermost absorbent zone in the reactor. The upper end of the vertical baffle is provided with at least one side cutting opening. The N methanation catalyst zones and the N+ 1 adsorbent zone are same or different. The lower conduit and/or at least one vertical baffle are arranged alternately. The interior of the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerator is provided with at least one heat exchanger for transmitting the heat produced by the reaction out of the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerators. The interior of the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerator is provided with at least one cyclone machine, a cyclone machine cascade, a diaphragm, and/or a filter for separating the gas from the solid particles. The catalyst is low sulfur-resisting or non-sulfur-resisting methanation catalyst.