NOVELTY - Naphthoquinone type effective components are separated from Lithospermum (gromwell) by (A) ultrasonically extracting gromwell stem; (B) preparing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract; (C) ultrasonically dissolving extracts from steps (A) and (B); (D) preparing six crude product compounds; (E) dissolving the compounds; (F) determining naphthoquinone component; and (G) confirming six compounds as deoxyshikonin, shikonin, acetylshikonin, beta -hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, isobutyrylshikonin and beta , beta -dimethylacrylshikonin.    USE - Method for separating naphthoquinone type effective components from Lithospermum (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method has easy processes. The operation is simple and convenient. The method also has optimized technique using mild-low pressure chromatography and efficient separation of anti-cancer active ingredients. The content of naphthoquinone type effective components is above 95%.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Naphthoquinone type effective components are separated from Lithospermum (gromwell) by (A) ultrasonically extracting gromwell stem; (B) preparing petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract; (C) ultrasonically dissolving extracts in steps (A) and (B); (D) preparing six thick product compounds; (E) dissolving the six crude product compounds; (F) determining naphthoquinone component; and (G) confirming six compounds as deoxyshikonin, shikonin, acetylshikonin, beta -hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, isobutyrylshikonin and beta , beta -dimethylacrylshikonin. The step (A) comprises drying gromwell stem, ultrasonically extracting by 5-10 times ethanol, and placing in ultrasonic instrument for processing ultrasound for 30-50 minutes; filtering ultrasonic substances, recycling solvent in filtering solution, and pouring recycled solvent in triangular flask; and continuously processing ultrasonic, repeating this step for 3 times, and obtaining dry extract. The step (B) extracting ethanol dry extract by 4-7 times petroleum ether and ethyl acetate solvent respectively; repeatedly extracting for 3-5 times until extraction liquid is colorless, and filtering petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extracting liquid respectively; and recycling solvent in filtering solution, and obtaining petroleum ether and ethyl acetate extract. The step (C) comprises ultrasonically dissolving extract in steps (A) and (B) by equal volume of ethyl acetate, stirring with 1-3 times silica gel (400-500 meshes), and drying until there is no ethyl acetate smell; taking flash columns of 400 mL and 1500 mL respectively, and filling sample of stirred silica gel in 400 mL column, and filling silica gel in 1500 mL column as separating column, where two columns are sampled in dry method; and respectively eluting with petroleum ether to balance column, where columns are connected in series. Columns connected in series are connected to preparation chromatography column of middle-low pressure of 0.1-5 MPa. The preparation condition of preparation chromatography column of middle-low pressure is 0.1-5 MPa. The pump pressure is 100-200 Pa, flow rate is 100mL/minute, monitoring wavelength of detector is 395 nm, collecting wavelength of detector is 280 nm, and volume is 7 mL. The step (D) comprises providing petroleum ether eluant (2 v/v) eluted by mixing solvent of ethyl acetate (6 v/v) and acetone (10 v/v) (4:1); adding 0.2% formic acid, and eluting columns in screen monitoring picture of middle-low pressure of 0.1-5 MPa chromatographic column and collecting flow parts; collecting according to spectrum peak and assisting by thin-layer chromatography detection identification, taking flow part of same Rf value in thin layer chromatography (TLC) detection purple pots, and combining six thick compound after the flow parts. The step (E) changing 2 columns connected on middle-low pressure of 0.1-5 MPa chromatographic column as C18 columns, and dissolving six thick product compounds by methanol respectively; injecting in C18 column, eluting by methanol-water of different gradient, collecting flow parts, steaming, and further purifying six compounds. The step (F) comprises generating purple by six compounds through alkaline reaction, where when leuco methylene blue color test is positive, that is naphthoquinone component; and dropping one drop of alkali reaction of 25% wt./v sodium carbonate aqueous water solution, 4% v/v methanal solution, 5% v/v o-nitrobenzene solution, adding little compound, mixing, heating to 50-70 degrees c on water bath, and generating purple blue in 1-4 minutes. The step (G) comprises confirming six compounds as deoxyshikonin, shikonin, acetylshikonin, beta -hydroxyisovalerylshikonin, isobutyrylshikonin and beta , beta -dimethylacrylshikonin through nuclear magnetic resonance, infrared, spectrometric analysis; and in turn naming monomer compound as ZC I, ZC II, ZC III, ZC IV, ZC IV, ZC VI. The purities of six compounds through high pressure liquid chromatography test are respectively ZC I is 99.62%; ZC II is 99.02%ZC III is 99.5%; ZC IV is 99.31%; ZC V is 99.3%, and ZC VI is 99.2%.