NOVELTY - A transparent electrode comprises first transparent conductive layer on transparent base material which has conductive fiber, and second transparent conductive layer on first transparent conductive layer which has electroconductive high molecular compound containing counteranion structural unit.    USE - Transparent electrode for organic electroluminescent element (claimed) used for self-illuminating type display, backlight for liquid crystals and illumination field. Can also be used for organic thin-film solar cell element, and optoelectronics devices e.g. LCD element, organic light emitting element, inorganic electroluminescence element, solar cell e.g. organic solar cell and inorganic solar cell, electromagnetic wave shield, electronic paper, and touch panel.    ADVANTAGE - The transparent electrode has small changes of visual recognition color, and is excellent in stability, light emission uniformity, smoothness, electroconductivity, light transmittance and durability.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A transparent electrode comprises first transparent conductive layer on transparent base material which has conductive fiber, and second transparent conductive layer on first transparent conductive layer which has electroconductive high molecular compound containing counteranion structural unit of formula -(CH(R2)-C(R3)(R1))- (I).    R1=COOM and SO3M;    R2=H or COOM;    R3=H or Me; and    M=H, alkali metal or ammonium.    An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for a manufacturing method of transparent electrode involving forming layer containing electroconductive high molecular compound which has counteranion structural unit (I) and conductive fiber using aqueous dispersoid on transparent base material or preferably forming first transparent conductive layer containing conductive fiber on transparent base material, and forming second transparent conductive layer containing electroconductive high molecular compound which has counteranion structural unit (I) on first transparent conductive layer.