TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The diameter or thickness is 500 nm to 1 mu m, preferably 100-500 nm. The fibril has a length of greater than 10 mu m. The fibril comprises at least 95 wt.% or at least 98 wt.% of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagon or graphene structure. The fibril has an elongate axis and comprises a graphite single crystal having multiple layers of graphene plane parallel to the fibril elongate axis. The fibril comprises at least 300 layers of graphene plane. The metal-halogen compound or halogen liquid or vapor comprises a molecule of bromine (Br2), iodine (I2), iodine chloride, iodine bromide, bromine chloride, iodine pentafluoride, bromine trifluoride, chlorine trifluoride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus tetrachloride, phosphorus tribromide and/or phosphorus triiodide. Preferred Process: The fibril is obtained by thermo-chemically splitting a carbon or graphite fiber into an aggregate of multiple interconnected or partially bonded fibrils and separating the graphitic fibril from the aggregate. The fibril is prepared from a micron-diameter carbon fiber or graphite fiber having a diameter greater than or equal to 6 mu m. The intercalating agent further penetrates an inter-graphene plane space. The step of introducing intercalating agent is chemical intercalating, electrochemical intercalating, gaseous phase intercalating, liquid phase intercalating and/or supercritical fluid intercalating. The chemical intercalating comprises exposing the carbon fiber or graphite fiber to a chemical comprising sulfuric acid, sulfonic acid, nitric acid, a carboxylic acid, a metal chloride solution, a metal-halogen compound, halogen liquid or vapor, potassium permanganate, alkali nitrate, alkali perchlorate and/or an oxidizing agent. The electrochemical intercalating comprises using a carboxylic acid as both an electrolyte and an intercalating agent source; and imposing a current, at a current density of 50-600 A/m2, to the carbon fiber or graphite fiber which is used as an electrode material. The step of activating comprises exposing the intercalated fiber to 150-1100 degrees C. The step of introducing an intercalating agent comprises using an acid as an intercalating agent and the step of activating comprises exposing the intercalated fiber to 600-1100 degrees C. The fibril is prepared by using a method comprising (a) intercalating a carbon fiber or graphite fiber with an intercalating agent to form an intercalated fiber; (b) thermally and/or chemically splitting or exfoliating the intercalated fiber to obtain a split fiber; and (c) mechanically separating the graphitic fibril from the split fiber.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The carboxylic acid is aromatic carboxylic acid, aliphatic or cycloaliphatic carboxylic acid, straight chain or branched chain carboxylic acid, optionally saturated monocarboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids and polycarboxylic acids that have 1-10C and/or alkyl esters.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The matrix material is a polymer, rubber, plastic, resin, glass, ceramic, carbon, metal and/or organic.