TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Method: In producing the product from lignocellulosic biomass, the liquid ammonia is anhydrous ammonia, where the liquid ammonia is 80-99% ammonia in a solvent. The solvent is water, or an organic solvent. The solvent is acetone, ethanol, methanol, isopropanol, dichloromethane, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, chloroform and combinations. Also, less than 20% of moisture is present in the lignocellulosic biomass. The lignocellulosic biomass is pretreated with liquid ammonia for 1 minute to 3 hours at a temperature of 20-140 degrees C. The weight ratio of liquid ammonia to lignocellulosic biomass is 8:1-2:1. The method further comprises extracting plant cell wall components, where the plant cell wall components are selected from the group consisting of lignin, hemicellulose, arabinan, and combinations and degradation products. The glucan and xylan are substantially retained with the pretreated biomass. The extraction is performed simultaneously with anhydrous liquid ammonia pretreatment, or performed after anhydrous liquid ammonia pretreatment. The plant cell wall components are not extracted. The method as well comprises digesting the pretreated biomass with a combination of enzymes, where the combination enzymes comprise at least one exocellulase and at least one endocellulase. The combination of enzymes comprises Cel7A (Cellobiohydrolase I), Cel6A (Cellobiohydrolase II) and Cel7B (EG I), from Trichoderma reesei. The combination of enzymes further comprise Cel5Atr, from T. reesei, Cel5Aac is from Acidothermus cellulolyticum, or a combination. The combination of enzymes further comprises T. reesei cellulase Cel12A, Cel61A, Cel61B, or a combination. Moreover, significant glucan and xylan conversion to sugars and/or oligosaccharides is achieved despite a high ratio of pretreated biomass to total enzyme. The enzymatic hydrolysis of the pretreated biomass proceeds at a rate that is at least 1.5 times faster than biomass that has not been pretreated with liquid ammonia. The method as well comprises recycling the ammonia; re-using the liquid ammonia to pretreat another batch of lignocellulosic biomass; recycling the solvent; and re-using the solvent to pretreat another batch of lignocellulosic biomass. The recycling is performed per batch, or in a semi-batch mode or continuously. The reusing is performed per batch, or in a semi-batch mode or continuously. The product is a biofuel. The extracted lignin and/or hemicellulose are converted to resins, polymers, biofuels, biochemicals, heat and/or electricity. The liquid ammonia is combined with acetone, where the liquid ammonia to acetone volume:volume ratio ranges from 10:90-99:1. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.