TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOLOGY - Preferred Method: In the method (M1), the providing step comprises providing algae suspension comprising algae dispersed in liquid medium; and contacting the algae suspension with filtration media, where the algae is collected by the filtration media to yield the algae and filtration media mixture. The contacting step comprises passing the algae suspension through a filtration bed comprising the filtration media. The filtration media comprises granular, particulate, or fibrous filtering substance, the algae is collected on the filtration media and in the interstitial spaces or voids between the filtration media granules, particles, or fibers. The filtration bed is contained within a vessel having inlet and outlet, the algae suspension is pumped into the inlet at a flow rate of 0.5-100000 gpm. The filtration bed is contained within a vessel open to the atmosphere, and where the contacting comprises applying the algae suspension to the filtration bed. The filtration media is coal and the vessel is coal rail car. The algae suspension traps or binds coal fines and particles for the prevention of coal losses in rail car transit. The contacting yields a filtrate comprising the liquid medium, the algae suspension having initial concentration of algae where the filtrate comprises algae concentration that is at least 70% less than the initial algae concentration. The filtration media is coal and the burning step comprises feeding the mixture to a combustion chamber, the burning step yielding a gas stream comprising carbon dioxide by-products, further comprising supplying the gas stream to the algae suspension for the removal of at least a portion of the carbon dioxide from it. The filtration media is coal and the burning step comprises feeding the mixture to a combustion chamber, the burning step yielding a gas stream comprising carbon dioxide by-products, further comprising: contacting the gas stream with a solvent for removal of carbon dioxide from the gas stream; regenerating the solvent to yield a purified carbon dioxide gas stream; and contacting the purified carbon dioxide gas stream with the algae suspension for the removal of at least a portion of the carbon dioxide from it and consumption of at least a portion of the carbon dioxide by the algae. The filtration media is paper or paper pulp, where the resulting mixture is used as fuel, dried and used as fuel, pelletized or briquetted for use as fuel, treated for recovery of algae oil, or further processed for use as paper. The step of providing algae suspension involves collecting the algae suspension from a source of algae selected from naturally-occurring algae-laden water streams, natural or man-made ponds and lakes, polluted water streams, cattle feed lot ponds, concentrated animal feed operation ponds, algae culture vessels, algae open ponds, algae closed ponds, algae raceway ponds, settling basins, water troughs, water holding tanks, wastewater, seawater, photobioreactors, anaerobic digester effluent, freshwater, salt water, brackish water, and/or brine. The burning step comprises feeding the mixture to a combustion chamber; the heat is converted into electricity. The burning step comprises feeding the mixture to a combustion chamber for partial combustion and production of synthesis gas. The method (M1) further involves drying the mixture prior to the burning step. The burning step comprises feeding the mixture to a combustion chamber, the filtration media is collected or removed from the combustion chamber after the burning step and re-used. The mixture comprises algae (0.5-90 wt.%), based upon the dried algae weight as % of the total weight of the dried algae and filtration media mixture taken as 100 wt.%. The burning step also yields synthesis gas. The mixture is processed into Coal Water Slurry. In the method (M2), the contacting yields a filtrate comprising the liquid medium, further comprising collecting the filtrate and recirculating the filtrate back to the algae suspension. Preferred Composition: In the composition (C1) the mixture is dried. Preferred Components: In the method (M2), the filtration media is selected from grains, plant materials, biomass, fermentation byproducts, chaff, and/or flour. The biomass is selected from wood, grasses, straw, leaves, torrefied biomass, hulls, shells, bagasse, chaff, corn stover, distillers dried grains, sawdust, ground refuse, manure, paper, paperboard, pulp, seed cleanings, hay, ground corn, wheat, wheat middlings, soybean hulls, oat hulls, milo, rye, oats, soybeans, alfalfa, canola meal, safflower, safflower meal, and/or corn gluten feed.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: In the method (M1), the filtration media is selected from carbonaceous solids, fibrous plant materials, torrified biomass, fibrous animal waste, fibrous industrial waste products, fibrous recyclable waste products, and/or paper products, or non-combustible, inert carrier selected from rocks, sand, gravel, minerals, ceramic, dirt, clay, metal, metal mesh or screens, sintered metal, pebbles, fly ash, aluminosilicates, glass, porous glasses, lime, limestone, ash, activated alumina, silica, and/or zeolites (preferably coal). The filtration media is also selected from petroleum coke, charcoal, magnets, activated carbon, and diatomaceous earth.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The filtration media is selected from hemp, jute, cotton, plastics, tires, rubber, fabric, gauze, fiberglass, aggregate, batting, soot, carbon, shale, filter membranes, and/or Kieselguhr. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.