TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The step of in situ synthesis is carried out by the sol-gel method. The step of synthesis by sol-gel method includes: contacting the polymers constituting the matrix with one or more precursors of the inorganic particles, where the precursors has a metal compound of formula (X(y-n)-M-(R)n) (A), hydrolysis-condensation of the precursors to obtain inorganic particles, and transforming the precursors in an ion exchanger chemical group (where R is a precursor of ion exchanger chemical group) and functionalizing the particles (when n is 0) by ion exchanger chemical group; hydrolyzing the precursors of inorganic particles of (A); or contacting obtained hydrolyzate with the polymer constituting the matrix and a heating the resulting mixture at a temperature effective to produce a transformation of hydrolyzate inorganic particles, and transforming the precursors in an ion exchanger chemical group (where R is a precursor of ion exchanger chemical group) and functionalizing the particles (when n is 0) by ion exchanger chemical group. The step of in situ synthesis is carried out by extrusion. Preferred Components: The precursors: has an alkoxy silane compound of formula (OR1a)(4-n)-Si-(R)n (B), preferably mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane; and is used in combination with a precondensate comprising repeating units of formula (-M(X)(y-2)-).M = a metal element or a metalloid element, preferably silicon, titanium or aluminum;X = hydrolyzable chemical group, preferably OR1a or halo;R = a chemical ion exchange or a precursor group of a chemical group ion exchanger, preferably cation exchanger group of formula (-R2-Z1) or -R2-Z3;R2 = single bond, alkylene or cyclic hydrocarbyl;Z1 = -SO3H, -PO3H2 or -CO2H, optionally in the form of salts;Z3 = precursor group of Z1;y = valency of element M;R1a = alkyl; andn = 0 to (y-1).In formula (B),R = -Z3-R2;R2 = 1-30C alkylene; andZ3 = a precursor of a group Z1; andn = 1-3.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The polymer constituting the matrix is fluorinated thermoplastic polymers. The fluorinated thermoplastic polymers are: non-polymeric ion exchangers comprising polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, copolymers of fluorinated ethylene-propylene, copolymers of ethylene and tetrafluoroethylene and/or copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene; and ion exchange polymers comprising sulfonated perfluorinated polymers. EXAMPLE - Ethanol (2.1 g) and 10-2 N solution of hydrochloric acid (2.1 g) were added consecutively to a previous mixture of mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane (10 g) and tetramethoxysilane precondensate (5 g). After a reaction time of 10 hours at room temperature, the mixture of precursors was used (subsequently hydrolyzed) to the extrusion step with vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropene. The mixing was carried out at 190 degrees C for 15 minutes with a screw speed of 100 revolutions/minute to obtain the material.