TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The anode further comprises at least one of a metal M, a metal alloy, a metal oxide, a fluoride ion accommodating polymer, and fluoride ion accommodating layered double hydroxide, that in the charged state or corresponding metal fluoride (MFn) in the discharged state, has a standard potential (Eo) of lower than the standard potential of the cathode. The cathode further comprises at least one of a metal M, a metal alloy, metal oxide, a fluoride ion accommodating polymer, a fluoride ion accommodating layered double hydroxide, and a carbon fluoride (CFx), where x is 0-2, that in the charged state or corresponding metal fluoride (MFn) in the discharged state, has Eo of larger than the standard potential of the anode. The electrochemical reactions between the anode and the cathode are reversible to allow a rechargeable battery, or substantially irreversible to form a primary battery.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The organic-soluble fluoride salt further: comprises at least one of alkylammonium or substituted alkylammonium cations; least one of tetramethylammonium fluoride; 2,2-dimethylpropyltrimethylammonium, 1-adamantyltrimethylammonium fluoride; phenyltrimethylammonium fluoride, 1,2-bis(dimethylamino)-1,2-bis(dimethylammonium)ethene difluoride; a alkylguanidinium or substituted alkylguanidinium cations of formula ((R1R2N)3-C+F-); at least one of phosphazene or phosphazenium-containing material; least one of alkyl phosphonium or substituted alkylphosphonium cations; and a heterocyclic polymer. (I) comprises an organic-soluble fluoride salt hexamethylguanidinium fluoride. The organic-soluble fluoride salt has a structure of formula (X+F-). (I) comprises organic-soluble fluoride salt poly(1,1-dimethyl-3,5-dimethylene piperidinium)fluoride. The organic-soluble fluoride salt is 1-propyl, 1-methyl-piperidinium fluoride, 1,3,3,6,6,-hexamethylpiperidinium fluoride or 1-methylhexamethylenetetramine fluoride. (I) comprises at least one of the organic-soluble fluoride salt 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexakis(dimethylamino)diphosphazenium fluoride and tetrakis(tris(dimethylamino)-phosphoranylidenamino)phosphonium fluoride, tetramethylphosphonium fluoride, tetraphenylphosphonium fluoride, and phenyltrimethylphosphonium fluoride. (I) further comprises one or more of a solvent comprising acetonitrile, benzonitrile, 4-fluorobenzonitrile, pentafluorobenzonitrile, triethylamine, diisopropylethylamine, 1,2-dimethoxyethane, ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, gamma -butyrolactone, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, methyl ethyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, nitromethane, benzene, toluene, chloroform, dichloromethane, 1,2-dichloroethane, dimethylsulfoxide, sulfolane, N,N-dimethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, carbon disulfide, ethyl acetate, methyl butyrate, n-propyl acetate, methyl propionate, methyl formate, 4-methyl-1,3-dioxolane, pyridine, methyl isobutyl ketone, methyl ethyl ketone, hexamethylphosphoramide, hexamethylphosphorus triamide, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 2-methoxyethyl acetate and its substituted derivatives, sulfones, ethylmethylsulfone, trimethylene sulfone, 1-methyltrimethylene sulfone, ethyl-sec-butyl sulfone, 3,3,3-trifluoropropylmethyl sulfone or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl sulfone.X = 4-7C heterocyclic ring, preferably imidazolium, thiazolium, oxazolium, isoxazolium, pyrazolium, pyridinium, piperidinium, pyrrolidinium, pyrilium, pyridazinium, pyrimidinium, pyrazinium or triazolium species.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The heterocylic polymer species comprises ((Z-Het+-X-Het+-)n).Het = a heterocyclic cation;n = not defined; andZ, X = spacer group such as CH2, C(CH3)2, Si(-CH3)2, SO2 or P=O, 2-50C aliphatic or cyclic aliphatic, fluoroalkyl, oligo(ethyleneglycol) or aryl (optionally substituted), where the heterocyclic polymer species of the organic-soluble fluoride salt comprises at least one of compositions that are benzoannelated, polycyclic, substituted at one or more positions with a 1-50C aliphatic or cyclic aliphatic, aryl (both optionally substituted), fluoroalkyl or oligo(ethyleneglycol). EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.