TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The cellulosic solids product is recovered from the pelletized material by solvent washing the pelletized material in one or more iterations with filtration, thus the at least partly depolymerized hemicellulosic and lignin materials from the pelletized material are separated together from the remaining cellulosic solids. The method further comprises: washing the at least partly depolymerized hemicellulosic and lignin materials with filtering to separate water-insoluble lignin solids from water-soluble hemicellulosic materials; fermenting the product of the further acid hydrolysis of the hemicellulosic materials to produce ethanol, lysine, threonine, lactic, gluconic or other organic acids, or hydrogenating and hydrotreating the product of the further acid hydrolysis step to yield a fuel additive product for transportation fuels; fermenting the hexose product or stream to produce ethanol, lysine, threonine, lactic, gluconic or other organic acids; and preprocessing the biomass before contact with the weak organic acid to isolate and remove at least one component of the biomass that is higher in protein and suitable for use in or for an animal feed, or that has a higher than desired sulfur, nitrogen or ash content. The partly depolymerized hemicellulosic materials are first separated from the pelletized material by water washing the pelletized material with filtration, and the lignins are subsequently separated from the cellulosic solids product by a separate solvent wash with filtration. The method comprises a further acid hydrolysis step conducted on the at least partly depolymerized hemicellulosic materials after the same have been separated from the lignins and cellulosic solids product. The water-insoluble lignins are subjected to ozonolysis or exposure to one or more other oxidants, or combusted as a fuel, or supplied to a coking process for making a liquid hydrocarbon product and coke, or fed to a gasifier for producing a synthesis gas. The lignocellulosic biomass processed is ensiled whole plant corn, and the biomass is preprocessed before the weak organic acid is applied to isolate and remove at least one component of the ensiled whole plant corn. In the method, corn oil is recovered from the ensiled whole plant corn biomass before the same is contacted with the weak organic acid. The leaf fraction of corn stover is isolated and removed mechanically from the ensiled whole plant corn biomass before the same is contacted with the weak organic acid. The components are higher in sulfur, nitrogen or ash content, which are mechanically isolated and removed from the ensiled whole plant corn biomass and is contacted with the weak organic acid. The weak organic acid or acids are applied to the lignocellulosic biomass at a concentration of at least 50 (preferably 70)% of such acid or acids in water. The weak acid treated biomass is dried to a moisture content of 10% or less by weight. The dried biomass is pelletized without the addition of a further binder. The weak acid treatment, drying and pelletizing steps are applied at a locations for shipment of pelletized material to a common second location. The weak acid hydrolysis, drying and pelletizing steps are applied to produce a pelletized material at a location that is at least 50 kilometers from the second location. Preferred Components: The lignocellulosic biomass is characterized as having an acid detergent insoluble lignin content of 6% or greater by weight, on a dry weight basis. The lignocellulosic biomass is comprised of one or more mature grass, grain crop residue separately or contained in a grain silage, corn stover (preferred), corn fiber, wheat straw, barley straw, Miscanthus species, switch grass, bahia grass, Sorghum species, sugar cane bagasse, orchard grass, reed canary grass and cotton gin trash. The weak organic acid is acetic acid or formic acid, and the acid is applied at 50-160 degrees C, a pressure of 3.5 MPa, gauge, and for 30 minutes and more. The sites have on average distance of 50 or more, preferably 80 or more kilometers from the common second location.