TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The inorganic wetting agents include expansible clay minerals (including montmorillonite (preferably sodium montmorillonite or bentonite), kaolinite, vermiculite, or perlite) or multi-valenced and positively ionized metallic compounds which can infiltrate into negatively charged fibers (including alum or aluminum sulfate, or titanium dioxide). The inorganic wetting agents include chemical compounds which can assist expansion and softening of fibers, including carbonates (sodium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, calcium carbonate, or ammonium carbonate), or bicarbonates (sodium bicarbonate, or ammonium bicarbonate). The oxidants include ozone, chlorine, hypochlorites, potassium permanganate, hydrogen peroxide, oxygen, and/or air. The heavy metal extraction agents include ammonium acetate, calcium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, magnesium chloride, ammonium acetate with ammonium hydroxide (pH is 9), 2% citric acid, 0.1N hydrochloric acid, 0.2M ammonium oxalate, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, 1N ammonium acetate with 0.2% hydroquinone, ammonium hydroxide hydrochloride hydroxylamine hydrochloride (NH2OH.HCl), 0.04-1 M NH2OH.HCl with 25% acetic acid, sodium dithionite-sodium citrate, dilute acids, NH2OH.HCl with dilute acids, hydrogen peroxide, sodium hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide with dilute acids, ozone, chlorine, other hypochlorite salts, potassium permanganate, oxygen, all optionally together with dilute acids, strong acids, or mixtures of strong acids (preferably Nitric acid with hydrofluoric acid and perchloric acid). The activation agents include clay minerals (including bentonite, kaolinite, vermiculite, perlite, or zeolite), activated carbon, peat, and/or brown coal.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The high-rate stabilization reactor is designed to reduce the short-circuiting effects with multiple compartments or other means, or designed in a way that spontaneous and continuous partial oxidations will occur beyond the temperatures of self-sustaining reaction temperatures. The physical-chemical pretreatment tank is equipped with mixers and heat-exchange coils. The physical-chemical pretreatment tank also provides input accesses for heavy metal extraction agent(s) from metal extraction agent storage tank (A2), and for dilution water from the dilution water storage tank. The high-rate stabilization reactor is divided into 1-8 compartments with a disc type of mixer in each compartment. In the method, a cooling water device may be used before liquid fertilizer storage tank. In the method, if the activation agent(s) are in dry powdered or granular forms, a doubled rotary air lock conveyor is used for pressurized transfer of the activation agent(s). In the method, a nutrient mixing tank is provided for preparation of selected amounts of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds. In the method, commercially available product bagging equipment(s) are provided for compost bagging operation.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The waste screening processes are operated indoor with negative pressure to avoid odor dissipation problems. Waste screening processes can be practiced partly manually and partly by machine, or totally by machine depending on incoming waste characteristics, and cost-effectiveness. In the waste screening process: air extracted from the indoor building is treated by processes such as activated carbon, scrubbing, chemical oxidation and other air purification methods; and the incoming wastes can be processed and purified by machines including vibrating screens, trommels or disc screens for inorganic removal, when necessary. In the mechanical pretreatment processes: incoming wastes are shredded and grinded to relatively uniform sizes for organics/inorganics separation and recycling, where the sizes can be 0.05 mm to 5 cm depending on intended uses of the composting products by equipments including hammermills, grinders, or shredders; after size reduction to more uniform sizes, organics and inorganics in the incoming wastes can be further separated and purified by equipments including air classifiers, inertial separation, or air knife classifier; and suitable wetting and/or debonding agents can also be added right before size reduction operation to enhance disassociation of lignocelluloses and energy saving for size reduction operation. In the method: pretreated organic materials from the mechanical pretreatment processes and other types of organic wastes which do not require size reduction and separation operations are transferred into physical-chemical pretreatment process to adjust the moisture contents to 0-20% above saturation conditions, and to add wetting agent(s) (0.5-5%) and debonding agent(s) (0.5-5%), when needed; and waste heat from the high-rate stabilization and activation reactors can be used to pre-heat the materials in the physical-chemical pretreatment process to save energy. The high-rate stabilization process is conducted at 140-300 degrees C and at a pressure of 7-88 atm, avoiding the formation of gas phases as much as possible by maintaining at least 50-100 psi (3.5-7 atm) of pressure higher than the corresponding saturated water vapor pressure generated by the temperature in the reactor. The high-rate stabilization process comprises: adding 1-6 ppm equivalent of dissolved oxygen contents of oxidant(s) in the aqueous phase and heavy metal extraction agent(s) (0.5-10%) in the aqueous phase, when needed, to react for 5-30 minutes, where horizontal or vertical reactors can be used for the above reactions. In the high-rate stabilization process, after reactions, treated materials are subject to a partial decompression to reduce pressure down to the saturated steam pressure by an equalization tank and dewatering to near the field capacity by a vibrating separator or equivalent, steam generated from the decompression is diverted to the high-rate activation reactor, aqueous solution generated is partly transferred to the physical-chemical pretreatment tank for pre-heating and dilution, and partly used for the production of liquid fertilizers, and the dewatered materials are transferred to the high-rate activation reactor. In the high-rate activation process: sufficient amount of reducing and neutralization agents are added to the inputting materials to remove extra oxidant(s) in the materials and adjust pH to near neutral conditions; and fluffing agents (0.5-5%) and activation agents (1-50%) are added to the inputting materials. In the high-rate activation process: the types of reactors can be used include auger digesters, rotary kilns, or autoclaves; the temperature of the reactor is 140-300 degrees C, or obtained from the previous processes depending on types of wastes treated; pressure of the reactor is maintained by the saturated steam at the corresponding temperatures; after 5-30 minutes of reaction time period, materials in the reactor are subject to a decompression operation and the pressure reduced to the atmospheric pressure; and the decompressed materials are then transfer to the product refining processes. In the product refining process: centrifuge and/or heat exchange reactors are used to adjust the moisture contents to the levels (usually less than 35% moisture contents by weight) required by regulatory agencies and market needs; size reduction equipments are used to adjust the particle sizes to requirements by regulatory agencies and market needs; and based on market needs or for the purpose of increasing product values, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium (NPK) chemical compounds are added, when needed. In the method adding fluffing agents to achieve compost quality improvements comprises: adding (a) cationic retention agents and anionic or non-ionic surfactants (including aluminum sulfate and paraffin, or cationic quaternary ammonium compounds with nonionic fatty acid esters) to dry incoming wastes right before size reduction operation (right before the mechanical pretreatment), or after cellulosic pulp formation stage (the final stage of the high-rate stabilization process); adding (b) mixtures of phospholipids (including phosphatidylcholine or lecithin, hydroxylated phosphatidylcholine, or phosphatidylethanolamine), a non-ionic surfactant (similar to that used as wetting agents including diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, Triton X-100 (RTM: Iso-octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol), Triton X-45 (RTM: Polyethylene glycol 4-tert-octylphenyl ether), Triton X-114 (RTM: Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether), Igepal CO-630 (RTM: Polyoxyethylene (9) nonylphenylether), or Igepal CO-430 (RTM: Nonyl phenol ethoxylate)), and optionally a lubricating additive (plant oils including olive oil, caster oil or other vegetation oils) right before size reduction operation or after high-rate stabilization process; or adding (c) an antioxidant and hydrophilic agent (including sodium sulfite, potassium sulfite, magnesium sulfite, or ammonium sulfite), as well as an inorganic swelling chemical (including magnesium chloride, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, or ammonium bicarbonate) right before the final stage of the steam explosion operation (after the high-rate activation process). In the method, adding (c) is preferred since those chemicals also have nutrient ingredients and besides the advantages of adding fluffy agents, the compost nutrient contents can be increased and many of the least soluble metal solid species (including carbonates of cadmium, copper, nickel, lead, or zinc) can be also formed to reduce the impacts by heavy metals, if any. The method comprises: transferring the purified and size reduced dry organic wastes to a dry wastes storage tank through a conveyor; adding wetting agent(s) from a storage tank to the dry wastes storage tank for pre-mixing; receiving sludge, slurry or any wet types of small particle sizes organic wastes by a sludge storage tank; transferring wastes from the dry wastes storage tank to the physical-chemical pretreatment tank by a screw conveyor; transferring wet wastes from the sludge storage tank to the physical-chemical pretreatment tank by a transfer pump; adding debonding agent(s) from the debonding agent storage tank to the physical-chemical pretreatment tank; transferring the processed materials in the physical-chemical pretreatment tank to a first equalization tank by a transfer pump; transferring the materials in the first equalization tank to the high-rate stabilization reactor by a screw conveyor based on a calculated rate which can maintain the selected detention time of the high-rate stabilization reactor; injecting oxidizer(s) into the high-rate stabilization reactor from an oxidizer storage tank, where if air is used as an oxidant, an air compressor is provided; after processing by the high-rate stabilization reactor (P5), transferring the processed materials to a second equalization tank from the last compartment of the high-rate stabilization reactor; pressurizing materials from the second equalization tank through partial decompression, to the vibration separator for dewatering; treating the separated hot water for heavy metal removal, if needed, by water treatment columns, and storing in a hot water storage tank; storing superheated steam generated from the vibration separator and the high-rate stabilization reactor in a steam storage tank; pressurizing the superheated steam to the high-rate activation reactor; transferring the dewatered solid materials from the vibration separator to the high-rate activation reactor by a screw conveyor; adding neutralization and reducing agents to the dewatered materials from the neutralization agent storage tank and the reducing agent storage tank during transfer operation; injecting fluffing and activation agents into the high-rate activation tank from the respective storage tanks; after treatment in the high-rate activation reactor, steam explosion operation is processed by a third equalization tank and a steam explosion tank; and transferring steam exploded materials in the steam explosion tank by a screw conveyor to a series of product refining reactors for cooling, size refining, moisture and nutrient adjustments by cold water supplying from a cooling water storage tank, cold air from an air compressor, micronutrients from a micronutrient storage tank, and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compounds from their respective storage tanks. Preferred Components: The organic types of wastes or materials include municipal solid wastes, agricultural wastes, green wastes, wastewater treatment plant sludge, animal wastes, some types of organic wastes from manufacturing plants including food processing, paper manufacturing, refinery and medicine manufacturing plants, organic wastes from institutional facilities, as well as wastes from landfill mining (cleanup), and any types of waste containing significant amount of easily decomposable materials including proteins, lipids and certain carbohydrates, as well as moderately decomposable materials including lignocellulosic materials, and its disassociated materials including celluloses, hemicelluloses, and lignin materials. The wetting agents are organic or inorganic type. Organic wetting agents include various types of fatty acid esters (including glycerol monostearate, glycerol monooleate, diethylene glycol monostearate, diethylene glycol monooleate, or propylene glycol monooleate, preferably fatty acids of alcohols containing at least one ether group including diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, or polypropylene glycol), and non-ionic surfactants (including Triton X-100 (RTM: Iso-octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol), Triton X-45 (RTM: Polyethylene glycol 4-tert-octylphenyl ether), or Triton X-114 (RTM: Polyethylene glycol tert-octylphenyl ether)). The debonding agents are: cationic quaternary ammonium compounds including trimethylalkyl ammonium halides, trimethylalkylene ammonium halides, or methylpolyoxyethylene alkylene ammonium halides of formula ((R1-O-(A)n1-CH2CH(OH)CH2-N+(R3)(R4)-CH2CH(OH)CH2-(A)n2-O-R2)m(X-)) (I); phospholipids; a non-ionic surfactant; or optionally a lubricating additive. In the method, the mixing ratio of wastes received by the physical-chemical pretreatment tank are based on anticipated final cellulosic contents, nutrient contents, and overall heat contents in the easily decomposable organic fraction in the mixed wastes.R1, R2 = 12-40C aliphatic hydrocarbons;R3, R4 = methyl, ethyl, or hydroxyethyl;A = oxyalkylene derived from ethylene oxide or propylene oxide;m = a number corresponding to the valence of X;n1, n2 = average number of oxyalkylene units (6-30); andX = anion. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.