TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The nitrogen oxides include at least one of nitrite or nitrate. The first sub-product is at least one of carbon monoxide or a reduced carbon dioxide intermediate species, and the second sub-product is at least one of ammonia or ammonia-related intermediate compound. The cathode includes at least one of aluminum, gold, silver, carbon, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, copper alloys, gallium, mercury, indium, molybdenum, niobium, nickel, nickel alloys, nickel-iron alloys, tin, tin alloys, titanium, vanadium, tungsten, zinc, Elgiloy (RTM: Cobalt, chromium and nickel alloy), Nichrome (RTM: Non-magnetic alloy of nickel, chromium and iron), austenitic steel, duplex steel, ferritic steel, martensitic steel, stainless steel, degenerately doped p-silicon, degenerately doped p-silicon:arsenic or degenerately doped p-silicon:boron, preferably stainless steel 316 material. The cathode includes a first cathode material for reducing the carbon dioxide and a second material for reducing the nitrogen oxides. The first cathode material includes at least one of tin, silver, copper, steel, or alloy including at least one copper or nickel. The second cathode material includes at least one of nickel, platinum or gold. The electrolyte is at least one of sodium sulfate, potassium chloride, sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium fluoride, sodium perchlorate, potassium perchlorate, potassium silicate, calcium chloride, hydrogen ion, lithium ion, sodium ion, potassium ion, rubidium ion, cesium ion, calcium ion, ammonium ion, alkylammonium ion, fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, astatine ion, alkyl amine, borates, carbonates, nitrites, nitrates, phosphates, polyphosphates, perchlorates, silicates, sulfates or tetraalkyl ammonium salt.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The electrical potential of the cathode is approximately (-0.5)-(-1.5) volts.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The step of combining the first sub-product and the second sub-product includes combining the first sub-product and the second sub-product in the electrochemical cell to produce urea. Preferred Components: The heterocyclic catalyst includes at least one of adenine, heterocyclic amine containing sulfur, heterocyclic amine containing oxygen, azole, benzimidazole, bipyridine, furan, imidazole, imidazole related species with at least one 5-membered ring, indole, methylimidazole, oxazole, phenanthroline, pterin, pteridine, pyridine, pyridine related species with at least one 6-membered ring, pyrrole, quinoline or thiazole. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.