NOVELTY - A bubble comprises a wall, where the wall contains an aqueous layer between two layers of a biologically-derived surfactant; and at least one secondary component, where the at least one secondary component is completely present in the aqueous layer.    USE - As bubble; in sol-gel encasement for converting light and carbon dioxide to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) or hexose; for harvesting and converting light energy to chemical energy to produce biomass selected from HMF, DMF, methanol, ethanol, and sugar (claimed); for forming artificial photosynthesis platform for converting light and CO2 to value-added product such as simple sugar, bubble/foam architecture and proteopolymersomes, where the sugars can be used to make a variety of useful organic compounds like HMF, DMF, methanol, ethanol or even sugars for human consumption; as biological system that serves as synthesis chamber to produce biological products; for chemical and biochemical synthesis, chemical and biological assays, as biochemical sensors, for drug delivery, purification in biology, as specific gas filters, environmental hazard monitoring systems, cosmetics, gas or liquid transporters, fluidic channels, fuel cells, to measure various properties, conditions and/or interactions; for assaying interaction between first compound and second compound; for assaying interaction between ligand (e.g. potential therapeutic agent, small molecule, agonist, antagonist, inhibitor, activator, suppressor, stimulator) and a protein (e.g. receptor, channel, signal transducer or enzyme); for assaying interaction between potential therapeutic agent and a target protein to indicate potential therapeutic activity of the agent; for detecting a particular infection in a subject; for assaying a condition.    ADVANTAGE - The bubble includes biologically derived surfactants to create functional materials that mimic cellular physiological process; and forms artificial photosynthesis platform for converting light and CO2 to a value-added product such as simple sugar.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A bubble comprises a wall, where the wall contains an aqueous layer between two layers of a biologically-derived surfactant; and at least one secondary component, where the at least one secondary component is completely present in the aqueous layer; or a wall, where the wall comprises an inner wall and an outer wall, where the inner wall comprises an inner surface and an outer surface and the outer wall comprises an inner surface and an outer surface, where the inner wall and the outer wall comprises a biologically-derived surfactant, where the inner wall and the outer wall comprises a gas between two layers of the biologically-derived surfactant; an aqueous layer, where the aqueous layer is adjacent to the outer surface of the inner wall of the bubble; and a secondary component, where the secondary component is completely present in the aqueous layer. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) a sol-gel encasement comprising an inorganic matrix having pores for retaining the bubble;    (2) a method (M1) for converting light and carbon dioxide to glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) or hexose involving: a) providing the bubble including a first secondary components include at least one polymersome embedded with at least one functional biomolecule and a second secondary component including Calvin cycle enzymes; and b) subjecting the bubble to light and carbon dioxide to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) or hexose; and    (3) a method (M2) for harvesting and converting light energy to chemical energy involving: providing the bubble including a first secondary components include at least one biosolar component and a second secondary component including Calvin cycle enzymes; subjecting the biosolar component in the bubble to light energy to produce chemical energy; subjecting the Calvin cycle enzymes in the bubble to carbon dioxide and the chemical energy to produce glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P) or hexose; and harvesting the G3P or hexose to produce a biomass.