TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: In manufacturing flexible-film primary battery, the negative electrode layer includes lithium foil. The electrolyte is an aqueous electrolyte formed by dissolving an ammonium chloride salt, a zinc chloride salt, or a potassium hydroxide salt in distilled water, or an organic electrolyte formed by dissolving a lithium salt in an organic solvent. Each of the first and second pouch films constituting the positive and negative electrode collectors has a portion that extends from one side of each of the first and second pouch films and serves as a terminal (140). Each of the first and second conductive carbon layers is formed even on the portion serving as the terminal. The inner surfaces of each of the first and second pouch films are treated using a hydrophilic surface treatment. The hydrophilic surface treatment is performed using one selected from a corona discharge treatment using plasma, a flaming process, formation of a silicate (SiO2) layer, and formation of an oxide coating layer. The first and second conductive carbon layers, the positive electrode layer, and the negative electrode layer are formed using a screen printing process.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: Each of the first and second pouches is a metal/polymer composite layer including an outer layer, an intermediate layer, and an inner layer that have both a vacuum sealing characteristic and a thermal fusion characteristic. The outer layers of each of the first and second pouches are polymer films formed to a thickness of about 5 mm to about 50 mm using one selected from polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), nylone, high-density polyethylene (HDPE), oriented polypropylene (o-PP), polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyimide (PI), polysulfone (PSU), and its combination, the intermediate layers of each of the first and second pouches are metal layers formed to a thickness of about 5 mm to about 50 mm using one selected from aluminum (Al), copper (Cu), stainless steel (SUS), and its alloy thereof, and the inner layers of each of the first and second pouches are polymer films formed to a thickness of about 5 mm to about 50 mm using one selected from cast polypropylene (c-PP), polyethylene (PE), ethylene vinylacetate (EVA), and its combination. The inner surfaces of each of the first and second pouches are treated using a hydrophilic surface treatment. Each of the first and second conductive carbon layers is formed of a conductive carbon selected from graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, and ketjen black and a polymer binder selected from polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), a vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene (HFP) copolymer, PVC, cellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, PE, PP, EVA, and polyvinyl alcohol. The positive electrode layer comprises a positive electrode active material selected from manganese dioxide (MnO2) and vanadium oxide; a conductive material selected from graphite, super-P, carbon black, acetylene black, denka black, ketjen black, and Lonza carbon; and a binder selected from PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride-HFP copolymer, PVC, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl acetate, ethylvinyl acetate, carboxymethylcellulose, and a mixture of styrene, butadiene rubber and carboxymethylcellulose. The negative electrode layer comprises a negative electrode active material formed of zinc (Zn); a conductive material selected from the group consisting of graphite, super-P, carbon black, acetylene black, denka black, ketjen black, and Lonza carbon and a binder selected from PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride-HFP copolymer, PVC, polyvinyl alcohol, ethylvinyl acetate, carboxymethylcellulose, and a mixture of styrene, butadiene rubber and carboxymethylcellulose. Adhesion/post-injection polymer electrolyte layer is a triple composite film including a porous polymer matrix; and polymer layers coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix and configured to become adhesive when impregnated with an electrolyte. The porous polymer matrix is selected from liner paper, non-woven, a cellophane film, and its combination. It is selected from PVC derivatives, polyacrylonitrile derivatives, polyacrylic acid, cellulose, ethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, and a combination of at least two. The polymer layer coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix is formed of one selected from polyacrylic acid, cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and its combination. The polymer layer coated on both sides of the porous polymer matrix is formed of one selected from PVDF, a vinylidene fluoride-PVDF copolymer, PVC, polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC), polyvinyl acetate, poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA), and its combination.