TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The biorefining system is additionally configured to recycle: the recovered portion of the organic solvent into the pulping unit; the recovered portion of the delignified stillage into the gasification unit; and the recovered portion of the delignified stillage waste stream into the gasification unit. The black liquor processing unit is additionally configured for recovery from the delignified stillage of at least one of furfural, acetic acid, sugar syrups, phenolic compounds or terpenoids, hence producing a delignified stillage waste stream. The gasification unit is configured for: purification of the syngas stream; conversion of the syngas stream into a short-chain alcohol by at least one catalyzed chemical reaction or by a fermentation process; and concurrent conversion of a portion of the syngas stream into a short-chain alcohol and one of alkanes, olefins, oxygenates or biodiesel. The gasification unit is additionally configured to convert: a portion of the syngas stream into a short-chain alcohol; and a portion of the syngas stream into one of alkanes, olefins, oxygenates or biodiesel by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction. The modular biorefining system further comprises a fourth module configured for receiving and processing a portion of the cellulosic solids stream from the first module in it.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The stillage is concurrently gasified with the cellulosic solids output stream. The partially delignified solids output stream is further processed to remove at least one furfural, acetic acid, sugar syrups, phenolic compounds or terpenoids from it, hence producing a processed stillage waste stream, where the processed stillage waste stream is concurrently gasified with the cellulosic solids output stream. The combustible syngas is further processed to recover a short-chain alcohol from it. In the process, further processing of the combustible syngas is one of a chemical reaction or fermentation, where the chemical reaction comprises at least one reaction step of contacting the syngas with a suitable catalyst. The combustible syngas is further processed to recover at least one of alkanes, olefins, oxygenates or biodiesel from it. In the process, further processing comprises at least one Fischer-Tropsch reaction. Preferred Components: The short-chain alcohol is one of methanol, ethanol or butanol. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.