TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The hole blocking layer is made of zinc oxide, titanium oxide, 6,6-phenyl 61C butyric acid methyl ester, lithium fluoride, calcium compound and an alkali compound consisting of lithium oxide, lithium metaborate, potassium silicate or caesium carbonate. The transparent material is polymethylmethacrylate, spin-on glass, silicon dioxide and silicon nitride. The inorganic wire array is made of silicon, germanium, gallium arsenide, indium phosphide, gallium phosphide, gallium antimonide, zinc telluride, indium gallium nitride, single element, binary compound semi-conductor, and a compound semiconductor containing more than two components. The electrode layer is made of a metal, a transparent-electrode material or a material consisting of indium tin oxide, gallium indium tin oxide, zinc indium tin oxide, fluorine-doped tin oxide, zinc oxide, aluminum zinc oxide and indium zinc oxide.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The conjugate polymer layer is made of poly(3-hexylthiophene), poly(2-methoxy-5-2'-ethylhexyloxy-1,4-phenylenevinylene), poly-2,6-(4,4-bis-2-ethylhexyl-4H-cyclopenta(2,1-b;3,4-b')-dithiophene)-alt-4,7-(2,1,3-benzothiadiazole), poly-2-(3,7-dimethyloctyloxy)-5-methoxy-p-phenylene vinylene, poly-2-methoxy-5-(3',7'-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-phenylenevinylene, and polyfluorene. The hole transport layer is made of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrene sulfonate), poly-9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-N-(4-(3-methylpropyl))-diphenylamine:4,4'-bis(p-trichlorosilylpropylphenyl)phenylamino biphenyl, copper phthalocyanine, and 4,4',4"-tris-N-naphthyl-N-phenylamino-triphenylamine. The electron-blocking layer is made of N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-di(3-methylphenyl)-1,1'-biphenyl-4, 4'-diamine, poly-9,9-dioctylfluorene-co-N,N'-di(phenyl)-N,N'-di(3-carbo ethoxyphenyl)benzidine, 4,4-bis(N-(1-naphthyl-1-)-N-phenyl-amino)-biphenyl, N,N-diphenyl-N,N'-bis(di(3-methylphenyl)aminobiphenyl)benzidine, polycarboxy-polymer, quaternized polyamine-polymer, polysulfide-polymer, a polysulfopolymer, and a polyvinylphosphonic acid.