TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The lignin recovery device comprises two or more packed beds each operable in sorption mode and regeneration mode.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The lignin binding material reversibly or irreversibly sorbs lignin. The lignin binding material releases the lignin upon application of a pH change, a temperature change, a buffer solution change and/or a solvent polarity change. The temperature change occurs through an internal heat transfer mechanism or an external heat transfer mechanism. The biorefinery uses a lignocellulosic feedstock to produce ethanol, butanol, free fatty acids, triacylglycerides, alkyl esters, isoprenoids, lactic acid, acetic acid, butyric acid and/or propionic acid. In the process for removing lignin: the step of releasing lignin occurs by a pH change, a temperature change, a buffer solution change, a solvent polarity change, and/or oxidative combustion; and the step of sorbing occurs before or after a pretreatment of a lignocellulosic material. The process for binding the lignin further comprises: pretreating the input stream to depolymerize or solubilize the lignocellulosic material, and optionally cooling the input stream to bind lignin with the lignin binding material; and adding lytic enzymes to depolymerize the lignocellulosic material. In the process for binding the lignin, the lignin binding material is added in an amount of less than 50% of the input stream on a weight basis, before or after pretreating the input stream. The pretreatment of the input stream and lignocellulosic material occurs in aqueous solution at acidic, neutral, or alkaline conditions, or in solvent solution comprising alcohols, ethers, esters, aldehydes, ammonia, ammonium hydroxide, and/or ionic liquids, at a temperature between ambient temperature and 300 degrees C. Preferred Components: The substrate comprises alginate, agar, polyacrylamide, collagen, activated carbon, porous ceramic, diatomaceous earth, nylon, cellulose, polysulfone, polyacrylate, alumina, silica, bentonite and/or ion exchange resin. The lignin binding material comprises purified proteins, mixtures of purified proteins, heterogeneous protein mixtures, distillers dried grains with solubles, whey protein, casein extract, gluten extract, cell extract and/or plant protein extract. The feed stream or input stream comprises a lignocellulosic material comprising cellulose, hemicellulose, and/or lignin. In the biorefinery, an amount of lytic enzymes consumed comprises less than 85% of an amount of lytic enzymes consumed in a biorefinery without a lignin removal unit. The lignin binding material is in solution or a solid during pretreating. EXAMPLE - None given.