TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: At least one fluidized bed and at least one adsorbent inlet are arranged on the top part or bottom part of the reaction adsorption region. The fluidized bed fully mixes the synthetic gas from the synthetic gas inlet and the adsorbent from the adsorbent inlet and to drive the gas-solid mixture of the synthetic gas and the adsorbent to pass the passage in the reaction adsorption region of single stone passage. The synthetic gas inlet is situated on the top part of the reactor. The outlet of gas containing sufficient methane is situated on the bottom part of the reactor. The synthetic gas inlet is situated on the bottom part of the reactor. The outlet of gas containing sufficient methane is situated on the top part of the reactor. The volume ratio of the synthetic gas to the adsorbent in the gas-solid mixture of the synthetic gas and the adsorbent is 95/5-50/50. The single stone passage structure is a structure having penetrated and/or connected passages. The single stone passage structure is honeycomb structure, network structure, multiplex structure or foam structure. The single stone passage structure is made from ceramic material or metal alloy material. The minimal diameter of the section of single passage in the single stone passage structure is 1-20 times, preferably 3-5 times as large as the maximal diameter of the adsorbent granule. The diameter of the adsorbent granule is 1-1000 mu m. The catalysts coated or loaded on the wall surface of the passage on different positions of the reaction adsorption region are the same or different. The single stone passage structure where the methanation reaction catalyst is coated or loaded on the wall surface of the passage can bear high temperature of 900 degrees C and maintain the original strength and shape. The methanation reaction catalyst will not drop from the wall surface of the passage at high temperature of 900 degrees C. The system further comprises a vibrating device used for continuously or periodically vibrating the reaction adsorption region of the single stone passage structure in the longitudinal direction and/or transverse direction. At least one pulse blowing nozzle is arranged in the single stone passage structure for blowing out the crushed adsorbent powder and/or adsorbent granules adhered on the wall surface of the passage from the single stone passage structure. The single stone passage structure is formed with at least one hollow space along the longitudinal direction and/or transverse direction. The pressurized synthetic gas and/or gas containing sufficient methane is periodically or discontinuously filled in the hollow space to flow by the passage of the single stone passage structure through the hollow space so as to blow out the adsorbent granules adhered on the wall surface of the passage from the single stone passage structure to prevent the passage from being blocked by the deposited adsorbent granules. The adsorbent regenerator comprises a lifting pipe. At least one adsorption region including the adsorbent is arranged above, between and/or below the reaction adsorption region. At least one heat exchanger is installed in the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerator for transmitting the heat generated in the reaction the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerator. At least one gas-solid separator comprising at least one cyclone cluster, a cyclone cluster cascade, a membrane and/or filter is installed in the reactor and/or the adsorbent regenerator for separating the gas from the solid granules. The gas-solid separator is used for separating the gas containing sufficient methane from the reactor and the waste adsorbent granules. The catalyst is low sulfur-resistant or non sulfur-resistant methanation catalyst. The adsorbent is calcium, zinc, copper, iron, magnesium, aluminum, silicon, zirconium, alkali metal, alkali metal oxide and mixture of oxides of it. The synthetic gas is not pre-treated by desulfurization. The generated adsorbent circulated to the reactor is used as a heat medium to preheat the fed synthetic gas.