TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: (1a) is iron-, copper-, tungsten-, cobalt-, molybdenum- and/or nickel-based catalyst. (2a) is inorganic salts, oxides, carbonates, or any combination of these compounds from group I and II metals from the periodic table of elements. (3a) is hydroprocessing catalyst based on metals comprising cobalt, nickel, molybdenum and/or tungsten.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The refining means is hydro-treating, fluid catalytic cracking, hydro-cracking and/or coking. The biomass feedstock is impregnated with metallic salts, where the metallic salt is salts of transition metals from groups 3-12 metals and/or metals from group 1 and 2. The biomass feedstock is impregnated with metallic salts under a pressure of atmospheric pressure to 500 psi and at 20-150 degrees C. The step (b) is carried out at 1.4-2500 psi, and at 150-500 degrees C. The step (b) is carried by a thermal de-oxygenation process. The step (b) is carried in a gaseous atmosphere containing component comprising oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon monoxide, water, ammonia, syngas, methane, ethane, propane, butane and/or pentane, where the concentration of the oxygen is 0.5-5 mol.%. The step (c) is carried out at 50-300 atm, where the step (c) is carried out at 250-500 degrees C. The step (c) is carried out at 80-200 atm. The step (c) is carried out using one or more solvents comprising hydrogen donor solvent, tetralin, naphthenic concentrate, hydrotreated light cycle oil, water or recycle biocrude. The step (c) is carried out in the presence of: one or more catalyst (1a); or one or more catalyst (2a). The step (c) is carried out at 250-1000 degrees C. The step (c) is carried out in the presence of: an inert gas and in an absence of oxygen; an inert gas and oxygen, where the concentration of the oxygen is 0-0.5 mol.%; hydrogen, hydrogen donor compound, an inert gas and/or hydrocarbon; a catalyst comprising deoxygenation catalyst, hydrogenation catalyst, isomerization catalyst and/or cracking catalyst; and a catalyst (3a). The step (d) is carried out at 1.4-100 psi and -20 to 80 degrees C. Preferred Components: The biomass feedstock is a lignocellulosic biomass. EXAMPLE - None given.