TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Component: The first compartment has an algal culture utilized for algal cell proliferation, while the second compartment has an algal cell culture utilized for lipid production. The biodiesel refinery plant utilizes lipids contained in algal cells from the second compartment in the production of biodiesel. The algal cell proliferation in the first compartment is optimized by controlling independently set point temperature, saturating irradiance levels, nitrogen and phosphorus supply, carbon dioxide supply, salinity, and/or pH. The lipid production in the second compartment is stimulated by selective control of nitrogen and phosphorus into the second compartment from the first compartment; and is further stimulated by providing high levels of irradiation and/or high levels of carbon dioxide to the second compartment. The system further comprises two nutrient flow inlets respectively connected to first and second compartments allowing for controlled flow of nutrient into the compartments. The second compartment is in communication with the biodiesel refinery plant via a second connector. The refinery plant utilizes lipids contained in algal cells from the second compartment in the production of biodiesel. The system further comprises an anaerobic fluidized granular bed reactor connected to the biodiesel plant refinery via a third connector which facilitates movement of algal biomass and/or glycerol from the diesel refinery plant to the anaerobic fluidized granular bed reactor, where the algal biomass is at least partially fermented by an anaerobic bacterial consortium resulting in production of at least hydrogen. The anaerobic fluidized granular bed reactor further produces methane, ethanol, acetate, glycerol, or volatile fatty acids via anaerobic dark fermentation of waste algal biomass. The system also comprises an electricity generating unit which utilizes hydrogen gas to generate electricity. The anaerobic fluidized granular bed reactor further comprises a fourth connector facilitating the movement of acetate, glycerol and/or volatile fatty acids to a storage container. The storage container is in communication with the first compartment to provide the algal cells with a carbon substrate in the form of acetate, glycerol and/or volatile fatty acids to support aerobic heterotrophic algal proliferation and lipid accumulation during the dark phase.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The nutrient comprises nitrogen and phosphorus containing compounds.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The photobioreactor comprises UV resistant plastic materials. The UV resistant plastics are clear PVC or polycarbonate materials having tube wall thickness of less than 4 mm.