TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOLOGY - Preferred Components: The carbonaceous biomass comprises woody plant matter, non-woody plant matter, cellulosic material, lignocellulosic material, hemicellulosic material, carbohydrates, pectin, starch, inulin, fructans, glucans, corn, corn stover, sugar cane, grasses, switch grass, sorghum, bamboo, distillers grains, distillers dried solubles (DDS), distillers dried grains (DDG), condensed distillers solubles (CDS), distillers wet grains (DWG), distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), peels, citrus peels, or algae.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Components: The microorganism (G1) ferments 5-6C carbohydrates of the carbonaceous biomass. The microorganism is a bacterium, preferably is of species Clostridia. The microorganism is Clostridium phytofermentans, Clostridium sp. Q.D, Clostridium phytofermentans Q.12, Clostridium phytofermentans Q.13, or their mutant. The microorganism (G1) is genetically modified. The microorganism is genetically modified to enhance activity of at least one antioxidant that is the same or different from the exogenous antioxidant. The microorganism is genetically modified to express a protein encoded by a heterologous polynucleotide, or a protein encoded by an additional copy of an endogenous polynucleotide; or the microorganism genetically modified to produce an antioxidant. The antioxidant is an enzyme capable of decomposing hydrogen peroxide. The enzyme is catalase, superoxide dismutase or glutathione peroxidase. The catalase is yeast catalase CTT1 or yeast catalase CTA1. The antioxidant is an amino acid, imidazole, peptide, carotinoid, carotene, chlorogenic acid, liponic acid, aurothioglucose, propylthiouracil, thiol, sulfoximine compound, chelator, alpha -hydroxy acid, humic acid, lipoid acid, ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA), ethylene glycol tetraacetic acid (EGTA), unsaturated fatty acid, folic acid, ubiquinone, ubiquinol, vitamin C (ascorbic acid), tocopherol, vitamin A, coniferyl benzoate, rutinic acid, uric acid, mannose, zinc compound, selenium compound, stilbene, melatonin, or peroxiredoxin. Preferred Process: In the process (M1): the contacting occurs in a bioreactor containing the biomass. The fermentation end product is an alcohol (preferably butanol, ethanol, or propanol) from a carbonaceous biomass. EXAMPLE - Lignin (5 g/l) and catalase (3 mg/l) were mixed. The fermentation condition was as follows: pretreated corn stover (5 wt./wt.%, 50 g/l), Clostridia culture media, and culture salts, at 35 degrees C. Growth conditions were anaerobic (oxygen maintained at 0 to less than 1 ppm), at 35 degrees C. The growth medium contained (g/l): K2HPO4 (10.6), KH2PO4 (1.92), (NH4)2SO4 (4.6), Na3C6H5O7 (3), Bacto (RTM: yeast extract) (6), and cysteine HCl adjusted to pH 7.5 (1). Cellobiose (20 wt./vol.%) stock solution in water, was added to the required final concentration. The fermentation medium contained (g/l): Bacto yeast extract (20), corn steep powder (1.5), KH2PO4 (1.36), Na3C6H5O7 (2), C6H8O7.H2O (1.2), (NH4)2SO4 (0.5), NaCl (1), cysteine.HCl (1), and tris ethaneSulfonic acid (TES) (adjusted to pH 8) (11.45). Salts solution (comprising Na3C6H5O7 (10), CaCl2.2H20 (0.5), MgSO4.7H2O (6), FeSO4.7H2O (0.4), CoSO4.H2O (0.2), ZnSO4.7H2O (0.2), NiCl2 (0.2), MnSO4.H2O (0.5), CuSO4.5H2O (0.04), KAl(SO4)2.12H2O (0.04), H3BO3 (0.04), (NH4)6Mo7O24.4H2O (0.04), and Na2SeO3 (0.04)) was prepared in water, and added to the fermentation medium post autoclaving. Agar (1.5 wt./vol.%) was used as needed. Solvent was added to previously autoclaved media, cooled to at least 45-50 degrees C (agar medium) or room temperature (liquid medium). The fermentation (test) was lasted for 7 days. The fermentation process in which the fermentation medium neither containing lignin nor catalase, was used as (control). It was observed that after 7 days fermentation, the total amount of ethanol produced was increased by 170% in the (test) process in comparison to the (control).