TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Vector: The expression vector comprises an isolated or recombinant polynucleotide comprising nucleic acid sequence selected from: any one of the sequences from Table 3 as given in the specification; nucleic acid sequence at least 80 (preferably at least 99.9)% identical to any one of the sequences from Table 3 as given in the specification; and a nucleic acid sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions to any one of the sequences in Table 3 as given in the specification. Preferred Components: The thermophilic cyanobacterium is Thermosynechococcus elongatus BP-1. The marker gene confers antibiotic resistance to the cell. The marker gene confers resistance to kanamycin to the cell. The marker gene is htk. The alcohol dehydrogenase gene and the pyruvate decarboxylase gene is recombinant. The cell further comprises at least one promoter. The promoter is selected from tef, tac, trp, tet, trp-tet, lpp, lac, lpp-lac, lacIq, T7, T5, T3, gal, trc, ara, SP6, amyE, phage SP02, Pcpcb, PaphII, PtRNA(Glu), gamma phage cI gamma -pR and gamma -pL. The promoter is PaphII. The cell comprises oligonucleotide containing 3048 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 11). The genes are divergently oriented. The cell further comprises a first promoter operably linked to the alcohol dehydrogenase gene and a second promoter operably linked to the pyruvate decarboxylase gene. The first promoter and the second promoter are tef, tac, trp, tet, trp-tet, lpp, lac, lpp-lac, lacIq, T7, T5, T3, gal, trc, ara, SP6, amyE, phage SP02, Pcpcb, PaphII, PtRNA(Glu), gamma phage cI gamma -pR and gamma -pL (preferably the first promoter is gamma phage cI and the second promoter is PEM7; or the first promoter is PEM7 and the second promoter is gamma phage cI; or the first promoter is gamma phage cI and the second promoter is PtRNA(Glu) or first promoter is PtRNA(Glu) and the second promoter is gamma phage cI or the first promoter is PaphII and the second promoter is gamma phage cI; or the first promoter is Pcpcb and the second promoter is gamma phage cI). The cell comprises any one of oligonucleotide containing 4224 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 5), oligonucleotide containing 4283 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 6), oligonucleotide containing 4357 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 7), oligonucleotide containing 4287 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 8), oligonucleotide containing 3096 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 9) or oligonucleotide containing 3567 nucleic acid sequences as given in the specification (SEQ ID NO: 10). The expression vector comprises an isolated or recombinant polynucleotide comprising nucleic acid sequence selected from: any one of the sequences from Table 3 as given in the specification; a nucleic acid sequence at least 80 (preferably at least 99.9)% identical to any one of the sequences from Table 3 as given in the specification; and a nucleic acid sequence that hybridizes under stringent conditions to any one of the sequences in Table 3 as given in the specification. Preferred Method: The step of transforming the thermophilic cyanobacterium host involves integrating at least a portion of the vector in a chromosome of the thermophilic cyanobacterium. The method further involves isolating the carbon-based product from the host cell or a culture medium. The method further involves isolating the fuel composition from the host cell or a culture medium. EXAMPLE - No suitable example is given.