TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The mixed cathode active material comprises an olivine-type lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4) and a lithium transition metal oxide which are mixed at a weight ratio of 1:99-99:1. The olivine-type lithium iron phosphate is coated with a carbon particle, and has a nano size. The lithium transition metal oxide contains a transition metal, and is undoped or doped by impurities consisting of aluminum, iron, copper, titanium and magnesium. The transition metal comprises nickel, cobalt, and manganese. The mixed anode active material comprises a spinel lithium titanium oxide (Li4Ti5O12) and a lithium titanium oxide nanotube (Li(x) TiO2) which are mixed at a ratio of 99:1-1:99, where x is 0-2. The cathode layer comprises a single cathode active material of LiFePO4 and lithium transition metal oxide undoped with impurities or lithium transition metal oxide doped with impurities. The carbon-based material comprises hard carbon and soft carbon or graphite. The non-carbon-based material comprises (Li4Ti5O12) or lithium titanium oxide nanotube Li(x) TiO2, where x is 0-2. The inorganic additive comprises silica, talc, alumina, titanium dioxide, clay, and zeolite. The salt comprises lithium perchlorate, lithium triflate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, and lithium trifluoromethane sulfonyl imide.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The organic electrolytic solution comprises ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, methyl formate, ethyl formate, and y-butyrolactone.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The polymeric matrix comprises polyethylene, polypropylene, polyimide, polysulfone, polyurethane, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene oxide, polypropylene oxide, polybutadiene, cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, nylon, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polytetrafluoroethylene, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and hexafluoropropylene, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and trifluoroethylene, a copolymer of vinylidene fluoride and tetrafluoroethylene, polymethylacrylate, polyethylacrylate, polymethylmethacrylate, polyethylmethacrylate, polybuthylacrylate, polybuthylmethacrylate, polyvinylacetate, polyvinylalcohol, starch, agar, and/or nafion.