TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Ink: In the aerosol jet metal conductive ink, the viscosity of the ink is greater than 20 cP at a shear rate of at or about 10/second at 25 degrees C. The viscosity of the ink is greater than 20 cP at a shear rate of at or about 10/second at aerosol jet printing operating temperature. The metal particles are coated with a glass layer or metal layer or metal oxide layer or its combination. The aerosol jet metal conductive ink further comprises a dispersant or mixture of dispersants; an adhesion promoter; and an additive. Solvent has a vapor pressure lower than 1 mmHg or lower than 0.1 mmHg at room temperature. The solvent have a vapor pressure lower than 0.1 mmHg at room temperature. The metal particles contain a metal selected from silver, gold, copper, gallium, nickel, palladium, cobalt, chromium, platinum, tantalum, indium, tungsten, tin, zinc, lead, chromium, ruthenium, iron, rhodium, iridium and osmium and its combinations. The viscosity of the ink is not greater than 200 cP at a shear rate of about 10/second at room temperature. The aerosol jet metal conductive ink has a surface tension of from 1 dynes/cm to 250 dynes/cm. The metal particles have an average particle diameter ranging from 1 nm to 1000 nm or from 5 nm to 500 nm. The metal particles have a shape selected from cubes, flakes, granules, cylinders, rings, rods, needles, prisms, disks, fibers, pyramids, spheres, spheroids, prolate spheroids, oblate spheroids, ellipsoids, ovoids and random non-geometric shapes. Metal particles are spherical or flake shaped with a particle size distribution that is a single or a bimodal distribution. The particle size distribution has a diameter (D50, D90) of less than 1 micron. Metal particles contain on their surface an organo-coating that is a reducing agent. The reducing agent is polyvinylpyrrolidone. The metal particles contain on their surface an organic substance or a polymer or both. The metal particles contain on their surface a dispersant or an anti-agglomeration agent or both. Metal particles are present at a concentration of 10-90% based on the weight of the ink. Solvent or solvents are present in an amount of not more than 90% based on the weight of the ink. It is selected from diethylene glycol monobutyl ether; 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy) ethyl acetate; ethylene glycol; terpineol; trimethylpentanediol monoisobutyrate; 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol monoisobutyrate (texanol); dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate; tripropylene glycol n-butyl ether; propylene glycol phenyl ether; dipropylene glycol n-butyl ether; dimethyl glutarate; dibasic ester mixture of dimethyl glutarate and dimethyl succinate; tetradecane, glycerol; phenoxy ethanol; dipropylene glycol; benzyl alcohol; acetophenone; 2,4-heptanediol; gamma-butyrolactone; phenyl carbitol; methyl carbitol; hexylene glycol; diethylene glycol monoethyl ether; 2-butoxyethanol; 1,2-dibutoxy ethane; 3-butoxybutanol; and N-methylpyrrolidone. The aerosol jet metal conductive ink further comprises a high vapor pressure solvent in an amount of not more than 5% based on the weight of the ink. Dispersant is present in an amount ranging from 1% to 10% based on the weight of the ink. The dispersant is a phosphoric acid polyester, a structured acrylic copolymer, a solid polyethyleneimine core grafted with polyester hyperdispersant, a polycarboxylate ether or a poly(alkylene oxide)amine in which the alkylene oxide group contains 1 to 5 carbon atoms and a polyether backbone based on propylene oxide, ethylene oxide or both, and combinations of these dispersants. It is at least one reaction product of at least one dianhydride with at least two different reactants, each of which reactants contains a primary or secondary amino, hydroxyl or thiol functional group, and at least one of which reactants is polymeric. The dispersant is Dispersant 3 or Dispersant 15. The adhesion promoter is present in an amount ranging from 0.1% to 5% based on the weight of the ink. It is selected from a silane coupling agent, bismuth nitrate, a titanate, a blocked isocyanate, a multi-functional zirconate, a multi-functional aluminate and titanium diisopropoxide. The additive is selected from a surfactant, a rheology modifier, a biocide, a defoaming agent, a crystallization inhibitor and its combinations. It is present in an amount from 0.1% to 5% based on the weight of the ink. The metal particles are silver and are coated in glass; have a diameter from 1 nm to 1000 nm; and are present in an amount that is a range of from 10% to 90% by weight of the ink. Metal particles are silver and are coated in glass; the metal particles have a diameter from 1 nm to 500 nm; the metal particles are present in an amount that is in a range of from 50% to 90% by weight of the ink; and the dispersant is present in an amount that is in a range of from 1% to 10% based on the weight of the ink. In the aerosol jet UV curable dielectric ink, all of the individual components of the ink have a vapor pressure less than 0.1 mmHg, or at least about 95% of the components of the ink have a vapor pressure less than 0.1 mmHg. The aerosol jet UV curable dielectric ink has vapor pressure less than 0.1 mmHg. The ink has a total light transmission of greater than 95% in the optical spectrum. It maintains total visible light transmission and low to no visible color at a temperature of 200 degrees C for up to 30 minutes; or it maintains total visible light transmission and low to no visible color at a temperature of 230 degrees C for up to 20 minutes; or it maintains total visible light transmission and low to no visible color at a temperature of 250 degrees C for up to 20 minutes. The aerosol jet UV curable dielectric ink has adhesion of 4B or better as measured by ASTM D3359-08 to glass, ITO, or silver after exposure to temperatures from 100 degrees C to 250 degrees C for an exposure time of between 5 minutes and 30 minutes. It exhibits a loss of viscosity of no more than 10% after storage at room temperature for two months. It exhibits minimal change in composition, viscosity, or atomizer output after continuous printing in an aerosol jet printer for 10 hours. It prints a continuous line having a printed track width between 30 microns and 200 microns running over adjacent surfaces of ITO and glass, where the printed track width does not vary by more than 10% in width after printing along the length of the track. The aerosol printed dielectric coating is part of a photovoltaic device. Preferred Method: Preparing the aerosol jet metal conductive ink further comprises filtering the aerosol jet metal conductive ink. Aerosol jet printing further comprises heating the ink layer. Heating of the ink layer is performed by sintering in an oven or treating with a photonic curing process or by induction. The oven is a conduction oven, a furnace, a convection oven or an infrared (IR) oven. Photonic curing process includes treatment using a highly focused laser or a pulsed light sintering system. The substrate is a part of a photovoltaic device. Photovoltaic device includes, as a component, amorphous silicon, crystalline silicon, a copper, indium, gallium, selenium (CIGS) thin film, cadmium telluride, polyphenylene vinylene, a ruthenium metallo-organic dye or its combinations. The substrate is a solar cell wafer. It is selected from glass, ITO, a polymer substrate, BT (Resin)-rigid printed circuit boards (PCBs), Flame Resistant 4 (FR-4)-rigid PCBs, polyimide film-flex circuits, a molybdenum (Mo) coating-flat panel display (FPD), polyethylene terephthalate (PET)-flex circuits, silica (SiO2)-FPD, silicon (Si)-semiconductors, silicon nitride (Si3N4), SiNx coated multicrystalline and single crystalline wafers, polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyetherimides, polyamides, and polyamide-imides copolymers. Polymer substrate is selected from a polyfluorinated compounds, polyimides, epoxies, polycarbonates, acrylates, acetates, nylons, polyesters, polyethylenes, polypropylenes, polyvinyl chlorides, acrylonitriles, polyethylene terephthalate, butadiene (ABS), styrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), silicone nitride, PEN, polyetherimides, polyamide and polyamide-imides and its combinations. It is present as a coating on an object, where the object is selected from glass, a flexible fiber board, a non-woven polymeric fabric, a cloth, a plastic, a metallic foil, and a cellulose-based material. In applying conductive structures on component of photovoltaic device, the conductive structure is a seed layer for plating. The conductive structure is a line having a width not greater than 25 microns having an aspect ratio (height to width) greater than or equal to 0.02, when printed in one pass using a 150 micron tip. Component of the photovoltaic device contains coated or uncoated silicon or glass. In minimizing line spreading of aerosol jet uncoated or coated metal, the total resultant surface energy of the 2 adjacent surfaces of the combination substrate differs by less than about 20%. The combination substrate is a glass/ITO substrate. Pretreating step includes nitrogen plasma treatment or sonication of the substrate in isopropyl alcohol or both. In aerosol jet printing dielectric on substrate, the substrate is a component of a photovoltaic device. Preferred Jet: The aerosol jet uncoated or coated metal conductive ink has a sheet resistance less than 1.5 ohms/square. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.