TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Method: The splitting is carried out in the longitudinal direction of the wood fibers and the compression is carried out parallel to the longitudinal direction of the wood fibers. The cutting assembly and the compression region are arranged in a frame and/or the compression region is tapered and/or formed with a round, square or polygonal cross-section. The cutting assembly merges into the compression region and/or the cutting assembly is detachably arranged in the frame and the compression region is formed in the frame. The solid wood or solid wood portions are cut into slices before splitting by a band saw, circular saw, tilting saw, a hydraulically operated shearing- or splitting knife. The discs exhibit a height which corresponds substantially to the length of the rod-shaped pellets and the split solid wood or solid wood portions are reduced to pellet after sealing by band saw, circular saw, tilting saw, hydraulically operated shearing or splitting knife. The solid wood or solid wood portions are pressed in or through the die by pressing- and/or feeding device, where the die is oriented horizontally or vertically. A modification of a surface and/or a shaping of pellets, preferably a roughening, smoothing, a round, square or polygonal shaping and/or a coating or impregnating is carried out during or after the splitting and/or compressing. A debarking of solid wood or solid wood portions is carried out prior to the splitting. Preferred Components: The cutting assembly comprises at least two cutting edges or cutting plates. The cutting edges or cutting plates are arranged like a grid. The cutting edges or cutting plates are detachably or fixedly arranged in the die and/or the frame. At least two sleeves are provided in the cutting assembly with a round, square or polygonal cross-section and each cutting edge or cutting surface is arranged at the periphery of the sleeves. A cutting edge is formed from the cutting surfaces of adjacent sleeves and/or the sleeves are arranged detachably or fixedly in the die and/or the frame. The sleeves are arranged in a grid or honeycomb pattern. The cutting assembly, cutting edges, compression region and/or frame has an adhesion-reducing surface coating, preferably a coating with a hard material, preferably with titanium carbide or titanium nitride. The cutting assembly, cutting edges, compression region and/or the frame are made of steel, carbide, cermet, ceramics. The cutting assembly, cutting edges and/or compression region are spaced apart in adjustable, preferably variable manner. The die is arranged horizontally or vertically in the device. At least one cutting device is provided, which is parallel to the die for the solid wood, wood portions and/or pellets. The cutting device of the die is arranged upstream or downstream and the cutting device is formed as a band saw, circular saw, tilting saw or is oriented perpendicular to the machine direction, preferably hydraulically operated shearing- or splitting knife. A hydraulic or pneumatic pressing- and/or feeding device is provided for solid wood, solid wood portions and/or the die. A guide is provided for guiding the solid wood or solid wood portions on the die. The surface of the pellets has a modification by roughening, smoothing, a coating or impregnation. The pellet has a round, square or polygonal shape. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.