TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred System: The system includes spiral vanes to carryout a cyclonic separation of entrained solids so that the syngas produced has high quality so to avoid detrimental effects of fuel cell poisoning arising from undesirable constituents in the waste. The system includes an internal high-temperature porous ceramic or metal filter cartridge to further remove entrained solids so that the syngas produced has high quality so to avoid detrimental effects on downstream process units of catalyst poisoning arising from undesirable constituents in the waste. The kiln residue can be converted into carbon-containing fertilizer, and a carbon-sequestering, high-carbon content product of important commercial value. The Fischer-Tropsch synthesis reactor system is used to produce a high carbon content compound that can be sold into markets where it is never burned in its life cycle and therefore serves as a carbon sequestering agent and where the Fischer-Tropsch overhead stream containing hydrogen, CO, CO2, methane, ethane and light paraffins are recycled back to the steam/CO2 reformer in order to make use of their high hydrogen content to achieve the more desirable H2/CO ratio of 1. The Fischer-Tropsch unit combined with a parallel shift converter/pressure-swing absorption unit to accomplish the conversion of the syngas to commercially-marketable hydrogen fuel, ample steam to generate electrical power for the plant and for export, and a high-carbon content organic product paraffin that sequesters substantially the carbon in the waste stream-all without any burning of the waste or the syngas. The light gases from the Fischer-Tropsch unit are recycled back to the steam reformer for destruction and avoiding release to the environment. The carbon dioxide and a portion of the hydrogen from the Shift and Pressure Swing Absorber units are recycled back to the steam reformer to adjust the H2/CO ratio for optimum utilization in the Fischer-Tropsch unit. In the system, small impurities in the syngas that could damage the sensitive catalysts in a high temperature fuel cell do not damage the more robust catalysts (i.e. iron or cobalt-based) in a Fischer-Tropsch unit. In the system, a best clean-up of syngas impurities involves a process where there are both a high temperature filtration step and a sulfur-, chlorine-, and nitrogen-containing compound removal step as well as a chilling and condensation step downstream which includes a High-Efficiency Particulate Air (HEPA) filter and a guard bed to protect high temperature fuel cell electrochemical catalysts and Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. The Fischer-Tropsch unit is greatly simplified because its many tail or overhead streams can be used as recycle to the steam/CO2 reforming process. In the system, a heat recovering exothermic reactor that contains a supported catalyst immersed in water to maintain the catalyst at a constant temperature by the boiling of the water to make steam that is used to generate power; a power recovery system that involve the combined use of a shift and Pressure swing adsorption (PSA) unit as well as the Fischer-Tropsch unit to make best use of recycle streams and waste heat. The exothermic reactor consists of a Fischer-Tropsch Reactor, a methanol synthesis reactor, or a methanation reactor. In the system, heat to the kiln sections doing endothermic steam/CO2 reforming is supplied by recycling the syngas through the holoflite screw to heat the waste and do reforming; hot syngas from a conventional kiln followed by the steam/CO2 reformer is heat exchanged with another inert gas, such as carbon dioxide or air, to heat the kiln by indirect heating in the oven surrounding rotary kiln tube by means of a series of injection jets, where gas burners are normally located. In the system, a recycle loop carrying the unconverted hydrogen and other light gases from the PSA unit back to the feed-end kiln, where these gases are further converted in the steam/CO2 reforming units to make more hydrogen product, as required in the mass balance dictating that the hydrogen coming in with the feedstock must leave the process as the hydrogen product; so that additional or higher conversion stages in the PSA unit are not needed when this recycle loop is used.