TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The process produces hard, crystalline layers with similar properties such as corundum by drying and tempering the layer at 1000 degrees C. The drying takes place in less than 5 minutes that forms a layer thickness of less than 100 nm. The drying after the application of a thin layer paste is carried out at a temperature of 300-500 degrees C. The process produces a layer that is obtained by drying the coated layer paste at a temperature of less than 500 degrees C in a simple manner, and is structured by hydrofluoric acid, orthophosphoric acid or organic acids, such as acetic acid or propionic acid. The paste is mixed with at least one hydrophobic component and at least one hydrophilic component and optionally with at least one chelating agent to sterically stabilize the paste. Preferred Components: The aluminum oxide is formed from a precursor comprising one or more oxides of elements comprising boron, gallium, silicon, germanium, zinc, tin, phosphorus, titanium, zirconium, yttrium, nickel, cobalt, iron, cerium, niobium, arsenic or lead, where the paste is obtained by introducing the corresponding precursors in the paste. The paste for the formation of dense, homogeneous layers contains water for the hydrolysis that is present in the molar ratio of water to precursor of 1:1-1: 9, preferably 1:1.5-1:2.5, where the solid content is 9-10 wt.%.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The hydrophobic component comprises 1,3-cyclohexadione, salicylic acid or their structurally related compounds. The hydrophilic compound comprises acetylacetone, dihydroxybenzoic acid, trihydroxybenzoic acid or their structurally related compounds. The chelating agent comprises ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid, nitrilotriacetic acid, ethylenediaminetetramethylenephosphonic acid or diethylenetriaminepentamethylenephosphonic acid or their structurally related compounds. The paste contains solvents comprising low boiling alcohols, preferably ethanol or isopropanol, and at least one high boiling solvent comprising high boiling glycol ether, preferably diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and/or diethylene glycol monobutyl ether, and optionally polar solvent comprising acetone, dimethyl sulfoxide, sulfolane or ethyl acetate. The paste has an acidic pH of 4-5 and contains acids of one or more organic acids, preferably acetic acid, which leads to a residue-free drying. EXAMPLE - Salicylic acid (4.6 g) and acetylacetone (2.5 g) in diethylene glycol monoethyl ether (28 ml) and acetic acid (1 g) were added in a round-bottomed flask (100 ml). The obtained solution was added with aluminum trisec-butylate (21.4 g) and stirred for 10 minutes. Then water (3.7 g) was added and stirred for 10 minutes for hydrolysis of the partially protected aluminum alcoholate and aged for one day to form an yellow solution. Then viscous ink was introduced on a rotary evaporator at a temperature of 50 degrees C and concentrated at a pressure of 20 MPa. Then the mixture obtained from the hydrolysis of corresponding 2-butanol was distilled for further 2 hours to obtain a viscous mass with a viscosity of 14 Pas.