TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The heat treatment is performed at a temperature of 700-1000 degrees C. Preferred Components: The transition metal is cobalt, iron, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, titanium, vanadium, or chromium. The transition metal salt is one or more nitrate, sulfate, acetate, chloride and oxide comprising cobalt, iron, nickel, palladium, ruthenium, titanium, vanadium, and chromium.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The carbon is one or more carbon black, carbon nanotube, carbon nanofiber, carbon nanocoil, and carbon nanocage.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The conductive polymer is either polypyrrole or polyaniline. EXAMPLE - 1-Pyrenecarboxylic acid (1-PCA) (250 mg) was stirred in ethanol (400 ml) for 30 minutes. Herringbone-type carbon nanofiber (CNF) (500 mg) was added to the 1-PCA solution and stirred for 6 hours. Then, CNF doped with 1-PCA was recovered through filtration under reduced pressure. 1-PCA was introduced to CNF in order to form pi - pi interaction between pyrene and graphene of CNF. The 1-PCA-doped CNF (140 mg) was added to ethylene glycol (25 ml) and stirred for 10 minutes. Then, after adding sodium hydroxide (100 mg), the mixture was further stirred for 10 minutes. Subsequently, after adding platinum chloride (150 mg), stirring for 10 minutes, and the mixture was refluxed at 160 degrees C for 3 hours. Then, platinum ions were reduced and adsorbed on the surface of CNF. In order to further increase the supporting ratio, after stirring at room temperature for 12 hours, and the solution was further stirred for 24 hours. The resulting solution was filtered under reduced pressure and washed several times with ultrapure water. The recovered catalyst was dried at 160 degrees C for 1 hour to give catalyst. The prepared catalyst was stirred in ethanol (20 ml) and then stirred at 4 degrees C for 1 hour after adding pyrrole (130 mg). Thereafter, an aqueous solution (17.6 ml) of the oxidizing agent ammonium persulfate (228 mg) prepared by dissolving in water (100 ml) was added, and stirring was carried out at 4 degrees C for 24 hours. Then, pyrrole was polymerized to polypyrrole. After completion of the polymerization, the resulting catalyst was recovered by filtration under reduced pressure, washed sufficiently with water and ethanol, and dried in a vacuum oven at 40 degrees C for 12 hours. A polypyrrole coated platinum catalyst supported on CNF was obtained. Cobalt(ii) nitrate hexahydrate (43 mg) and ethylenediamine (40.4 mg) were sufficiently stirred in ethanol. Then, the coated catalyst prepared above was added to the solution and refluxed at 80 degrees C for 3 hours, and the solvent was evaporated using an evaporator to support the transition metal salt on the catalyst. The catalyst with the transition metal salt supported was heat treated in a furnace at 800 degrees C for 1 hour, and the catalyst was recovered by cooling to room temperature. Then, after refluxing in sulfuric acid (0.5 M) at 80 degrees C for 3 hours, followed by washing and drying to afford alloy catalyst.