NOVELTY - An aviation fuel is prepared by (A) preparing refined rhizoma atractylodis oil; (B) carrying out hydrodeoxygenation reaction to refined rhizoma atractylodis oil with deoxygenation catalyst; (C) condensing gas-liquid mixture by condenser to normal temperature condensed water receiving liquid phase product, comprising hydrocarbon component and small quantity of water; (D) distilling liquid phase product, and collecting fraction of 150-280 degrees C; and (E) collecting fraction, using oil refining device for refining highly-clean and obtaining aviation fuel.    USE - Method for preparing aviation fuel (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The prepared fuel does not contain sulfur and aromatic hydrocarbon. It has good quality and high cleanness and is environment-friendly.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Aviation fuel is prepared by (A) preparing refined rhizoma atractylodis oil; (B) carrying out hydrodeoxygenation reaction to refined rhizoma atractylodis oil with deoxygenation catalyst; (C) condensing gas-liquid mixture by condenser to normal temperature condensed water receiving liquid phase product, comprising hydrocarbon component and small quantity of water; (D) distilling liquid phase product, and collecting fraction of 150-280 degrees C; and (E) collecting fraction, using oil refining device for refining highly-clean and obtaining aviation fuel. The step (A) comprises taking rhizoma atractylodis oil filter core, filtering impurity at 65-75oC and adding softening water (3-5 wt.%), stirring for 30-40 minutes at 2500-3500 revolutions/minute (rpm), taking supernatant, drying for 2-4 hours at 102-105 degrees C in vacuum drying box to obtain refined rhizoma atractylodis oil. The step (B) comprises cooling refined rhizoma atractylodis oil, filling with hydrogenation deoxygenation catalyst into fixed bed hydrogenation reaction device, and carrying out hydrodeoxygenation reaction; and continuously filling hydrogen to device, where hydrogen-oil volume ratio is 500-2000, controlling absolute pressure at 1-10 MPa and temperature of 250-400 degrees C, where liquid hourly space velocity is 1-51. Raw material oil molecule is normal paraffin hydrocarbon and branched alkane, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and water. Hydrogenation deoxidization reaction comprises, carboxyl removal and decarbonyl reaction.