NOVELTY - A microorganism of kingdom Plantae comprising a recombinant nucleic acid operable to produce an active xylose metabolic pathway enzyme, is new.    USE - For producing microbial biomass (particularly microbial lipid) or a product produced from the biomass. The lipid is used to make a product selected from chemical, lubricant, oleochemical, detergent, fuel, food oil, natural oil and cosmetic ingredient. The fuel is biodiesel or renewable diesel.    ADVANTAGE - The microbe produces at least 25%, at least 30%, at least 35%, at least 40%, at least 45%, at least 50%, at least 55% or at least 60% of the lipid produced by a comparable microbial cell propagated or cultivated in a culture medium comprising glucose as the sole carbon source and lacking the exogenous genes. The method cultivates oil-bearing microbes using xylose as a fixed carbon source. The microorganisms are genetically engineered to metabolize xylose as a fixed carbon source allowing them to convert xylose into oils. The process produces oils rather than alcohols through the microbial fermentation processes utilizing xylose.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for the following:    (1) producing microbial biomass or a product produced from the biomass, involving heterotrophically cultivating the recombinant microorganism in a culture medium comprising xylose so as to convert xylose into the microbial biomass;    (2) new recombinant oleaginous microbe comprising either an exogenous gene operable to encode a xylose translocator protein; or at least one exogenous gene, where the exogenous gene is operable to encode at least one of oxidoreductase pathway protein, a xylose isomerase pathway protein, or a xylose transporter protein; and    (3) a microbial lipid composition (C1) produced by propagating or cultivating the microbe involving: propagating or cultivating the microbe in a culture medium comprising xylose; and lysing the microbe and isolating the microbial lipid composition.