TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - BIOTECHNOLOGY - Preferred Component: The reactant layer is made of biotin for sensing streptavidin. The reactant layer includes antibody against antigen chosen from bovine serum albumin, human immunoglobulin G (hIgG) protein, soluble-100 protein, G-reactive protein, ferritin, glucose oxidase-labeled C-reactive protein, glucose oxidase-tagged anti-dinitrophenyl (DNP) antigen, Hepatitis B surface antigen, carcinoembryonic antigen, rabbit immunoglobulin G, anti-fibrinogen antigen, cyanine5-labeled antigen and anti-human alpha -fetoprotein. The reactant layer comprises receptor chosen from epidermal growth factor receptor, estrogen receptor, pre-concentrating serotonin receptor, DNA receptor, beta -cyclodextrin receptor, rat olfactory receptor 17, basic fibroblast growth factor binding receptor, G-protein-coupled receptor C-C chemokine receptor type 5 and choline receptor. The reactant layer comprises enzyme chosen from serine esterase, cutinase, acetylcholinesterase, tyrosinase, organophosphate hydrolase, glucose oxidase, flavin adenine dinucleotide containing flavoenzyme, horseradish peroxidase, peroxidase and pyrroloquinoline quinone containing enzyme. Preferred Method: The method (M1) involves coating the first substrate with ITO and forming the cathode layer and coating the cathode layer with polyethylenedioxythiophene:polystyrene sulfonic acid and forming hole transport layer. The method (M2) involves immersing the cover based on solar cell in distilled water for a period of time. The method (M2) involves immersing the cover based on solar cell in distilled water maintained at 65-75 degrees C for 5-10 minutes for measuring streptavidin.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Component: The anode layer is gold, silver, copper, platinum, indium tin oxide (ITO), graphene, tin (II), indium oxide, titanium dioxide, carbon nanotube, nanosilver wire, gold nanowire, polyaniline or polyethylenedioxythiophene (PEDOT).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The second substrate is polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane, polyurethane acrylate or silicone rubber.