TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The catalyst is transition metals include palladium, platinum and/or nickel. The catalyst is supported on high surface substrates including silicate, aluminate, zeolite or other mesoporous inorganic support.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The first fraction process comprises at least one evaporator including at least one wiped film evaporator, thin film evaporator and other flash type distillation operation. The first fraction process includes more than one column. A monitoring system is optionally utilized to detect for presence of oligomers, prior to the first fractionation process. The hydrogenation process includes at least one trickle bed reactor and/or fixed volume reaction vessel with mechanical stirring.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The process further comprises: initially diluting the feedstock/oligomer; processing either dimerized product through hydrogenation to produce fully saturated hydrocarbon dimer products that can be directly placed in use as diesel and jet/turbine fuels with a flashpoint greater than 61; introducing at least one catalyst into the hydrogenation process; processing the fully saturated hydrocarbon dimer products through a hydrocracking reactor process to reduce the molecular weight of the saturated hydrocarbon dimer products and/or to produce a lower boiling fuel product; introducing at least one catalyst into the hydrocracking process; and processing the lower boiling fuel product through a second fractionation process to product a fully saturated hydrocarbon biofuel with sufficient flashpoint and cold flow properties. The active recycle protocol is performed by diluting the feedstock with the recycled and isomerized olefins. The first fraction process is recycled into the protonation/dimerization process for complete conversion to dimer products. The pressure during the first fractionation process is reduced to such a level that the boiling temperature of isomerized yet non-dimerized feedstock matches the target temperature of the protonation/dimerization process. Preferred Components: The terpene includes monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, terpenes being linear or having more than one ring, terpenes having at least one site being unsaturated, terpenes having at least one double bond that can be hydrogenated, and 5-30C terpenes. The terpene is acyclic including farnesene and/or cyclic including limonene. The AOO: has 6-28C; and comprises bio-2-ethyl-1-hexene. The hydrogenation process and the hydrocracking process include at least one reagent, which includes hydrogen. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.