TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Compounds: The functionalized semiconducting polymer is of formula (II). The functionalized semiconducting polymer is chosen from 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-methoxy pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(3-cyano pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-tert-butylpyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-boc-amino pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-phenylpyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-(diphenylmethyl)pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(3-phenylpyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene), 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-(7-hexyl-benzo(lmn)(3,8)phenanthrolin-2-yl-1,3,6,8-tetraone)pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene) and 2,5-diyl-poly(3-(6-(4-(3-phenylpropyl)pyridiniumyl)-hexyl)thiophene). Preferred Process: The polymer hybrid is formed by an electrostatic layer-by-layer assembly with a solution of functionalized semiconducting polymer and a colloidal suspension of sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) or its functional derivative, or using an electrochemically prepared sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) film on a conductive substrate. The conductive substrate is indium tin oxide. The interfacial modifier is formed by applying the functionalized semiconducting polymer to a conductive electrode by electrostatic deposition process to form a half bilayer (A), applying sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) or its functional derivative to the half bilayer (A) to obtain bilayer (A1) comprising sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) film on the half bilayer (A), and repeating the above steps to a desired number of bilayers, or by applying sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) or its functional derivative to the thienylsilane-modified indium tin oxide (conductive electrode) by electrochemical process to obtain half bilayer (A), applying the functionalized semiconducting polymer to the half bilayer (A) to form a bilayer (A1), and repeating the above steps to a desired number of bilayers. Preferred Definitions:    L=3-8C alkyl, alkoxy or alkenyl, preferably 6C alkyl;    X=halo (preferably bromo, chloro or iodo), sulfate, sulfonate, carboxylate, perchlorate, nitrate, carbonate, hydroxide, benzoate, tosylate or acetate ion;and    A3-A5=H.    A1-A5 are not all hydrogen. The polymer backbone is not polythiophene. The linker L is not 6C alkyl.    EXAMPLE - A functionalized pyridine was added to a stirred 3:2 (v/v) dimethylformamide-tetrahydrofuran solution of poly(3-butylthiophene)-b-poly(3-hexylthiophene) having number average molecular weight of 13300 Da. The reaction mixture was stirred at 70 degrees C for 72 hours under argon atmosphere. The solvent was removed, and the residue was precipitated in tetrahydrofuran (50 ml). The mixture was centrifuged at 10000 rpm for 30 minutes. The obtained extract was dried at 50 degrees C under vacuum, to obtain functionalized semiconducting polymer. Cleaned indium tin oxide substrate was immersed in 95:5 (v/v) water-dimethylformamide solution of functionalized semiconducting polymer (FSP-Br+) for 5 minutes, rinsed with deionized water and transferred to 0.8 wt.% aqueous solution of sodium poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(p-styrenesulfonate) for 5 minutes, to form bilayer. The above process was repeated to a desired number of bilayers, and spin dried at 3000 rpm for 60 seconds, to obtain film. A photovoltaic device was formed using the obtained film. The obtained device had excellent stability and efficiency.