TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: The method comprises: controllably adding quartz particles to the electrolyte during electrolysis to substantially maintain 3 wt.% of quartz particles in the electrolyte; arranging a crucible lining inside the first crucible recess between the first crucible and the electrolyte; and segregating the pure silicon from copper in the alloy. The crucible lining is contoured to substantially complement the inner peripheral wall of the crucible. The crucible lining is formed from the molten electrolyte by generating a temperature gradient within the molten electrolyte, where a portion of the molten electrolyte is solidified adjacent the inner peripheral wall of the first crucible. In the method, arc fumacing is used to create the temperature gradient between the cathode and molten electrolyte adjacent the inner peripheral wall of the first crucible. The electrolyte is heated using at least one of an arc furnace and an induction furnace. The molten electrolyte is stirred using at least one of an induction furnace to magnetically stir the molten electrolyte, a magnetic stirring device for pulse stirring the molten electrolyte, and a mechanical stirrer. In the method, prior to step (i), the alloy is positioned in the first crucible adjacent the base of the first crucible and melted in the first crucible, where the electrolyte is able to be after deposited into the first crucible on top of the melted alloy in readiness for step (i) to be performed. The alloy is melted at 950-980 degrees C. The step (i) includes heating the electrolyte in the first crucible to at least 900 degrees C to form the molten electrolyte. In the method, during step (ii), the molten electrolyte is maintained at a temperature where the molten electrolyte does not solidify. The temperature of the molten electrolyte is maintained to 900-1000 degrees C, preferably 980 degrees C to prevent solidification of the molten electrolyte. The molten electrolyte is exposed to a current density of 0.1-2 A/cm2 in the first crucible when electrolysis is applied. The cathode is positioned into the first crucible after the electrolyte has been heated to form the molten electrolyte, where the cathode is in electrical/ionic communication with the molten electrolyte. The segregating step is performed when pure silicon produced in the first crucible as a result of electrolysis is no longer soluble with the alloy. The pure silicon is no longer soluble with the alloy when the pure silicon in the alloy is 25 wt.% per, when the alloy is carried out at 950-980 degrees C. The segregating step includes adjusting the temperature of the alloy to 800-850 degrees C, where pure silicon is able to naturally segregate from the alloy. The alloy is transferred from the first crucible into a second crucible, and the second crucible including a material which is inert with respect to the alloy and/or molten salts, before adjusting the temperature of the alloy to 800-850 degrees C. The alloy in the second crucible is reintroduced back into the first crucible when a predetermined percentage of pure silicon particles by weight of the alloy has naturally segregated from the alloy. In the method, instead of reintroducing the alloy in the second crucible back into the first crucible when the predetermined percentage of pure silicon particles has naturally segregated from the alloy in the second crucible, the following steps are performed: (i) the alloy in the second crucible is formed into at least one of a tape and a powder; and a secondary electrolysis is applied to the tape or powder, where pure silicon particles are able to be further segregated from the alloy in the form of nano-sized pure silicon particles. The tape is formed by at least one of casting and extruding the alloy. The powder is formed by at least one of mechanically grinding and milling the alloy in a controlled environment. The step of applying the secondary electrolysis and performing the electrolysis include submerging the tape or powder in an electrolyte solution. The method includes: replenishing an acidity of the electrolyte solution during the electrolysis; and applying a current of less than 1A during the electrolysis. In the method, after the electrolysis has been performed, the electrolyte solution containing the nano-sized pure silicon particles is further processed to separate the nano-sized pure silicon particles from the electrolyte solution. The method further processing step includes centrifugally separating the nano-sized pure silicon particles from the electrolyte solution. The separated nano-sized pure silicon particles are after stored in a substance for alleviating reaction with free oxygen. The segregation is performed directly upon the alloy formed in the first crucible after electrolysis in the method steps. Preferred Components: The electrolyte comprises cryolite, calcium oxide particles and quartz particles. The electrolyte comprises: cryolite particles (82-94 (preferably 87) wt.%); calcium oxide particles (3-15 (preferably 10) wt.%); and quartz particles (3 wt.%). The first crucible includes: at least one of a carbon, silicon nitrate and silicon carbide material; and a recess defined by an inner peripheral wall and a base for receiving the electrolyte. The crucible lining includes at least one of a quartz, calcium oxide, magnesium fluoride, sodium fluoride and silicon material. The anode includes at least one of a copper, gold, silver, zinc and a magnesium material. The anode includes an alloy of at least one of copper and pure silicon, where pure silicon comprises 3 wt.%. The cathode includes at least one of a carbon, copper, platinum and a tungsten material. The electrolyte solution includes at least one of hydrochloric acid, dehydrated acetic acid, iodine solutions, hydrazoic acid, acetone and/or concentrated alcohol. The predetermined percentage of pure silicon particles by weight of the alloy includes 11 wt.% of pure silicon particles. The first crucible includes a crucible lining formed from solidification of a portion of the molten electrolyte as a result of a temperature gradient being generated within the molten electrolyte.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INSTRUMENTATION AND TESTING - Preferred Components: The apparatus comprises: a dispenser for dispensing quartz particles in to the electrolyte during electrolysis to substantially maintain 3 wt.% quartz particles in the electrolyte; a crucible lining arranged inside of the recess between the first crucible and the electrolyte; an arc furnacing device for generating the temperature gradient between the cathode and molten electrolyte adjacent the inner peripheral wall of the first crucible; and a device for segregating pure silicon from copper in the alloy. The heat source includes at least one of an arc furnace and an induction furnace. The stirring device includes at least one of the induction furnace, a magnetic stirring device for pulse stirring the molten electrolyte, and a mechanical stirrer. Preferred Method: The apparatus for performing the electrolysis is adapted for submerging the tape or powder in an electrolyte solution. The alloy is melted in the first crucible adjacent the base of the first crucible and the electrolyte is positioned on top of the alloy. The heat source is adapted to melt the alloy at 950-980 degrees C. The heat source is adapted to heat the electrolyte in the first crucible to at least 900 degrees C to form the molten electrolyte. The heat source is adapted to maintain the molten electrolyte at a temperature, where the molten electrolyte does not solidify, during electrolysis of the molten electrolyte. The heat source is adapted to maintain the temperature of the molten electrolyte at 900-1000 degrees C, preferably 980 degrees C to prevent solidification of the molten electrolyte. The apparatus for segregating pure silicon from the alloy is adapted: for segregating the pure silicon from the alloy when pure silicon produced in the first crucible as a result of electrolysis is no longer soluble with the alloy; to adjust the temperature of the alloy to 800-850 degrees C, where pure silicon is able to naturally segregate from the alloy; for transferring the alloy in the first crucible into a second crucible before adjusting the temperature of the alloy to 800-850 degrees C, where the second crucible includes a material which is inert with respect to the alloy and/or molten salts; for reintroducing the alloy in the second crucible back into the first crucible when the predetermined percentage of pure silicon particles by weight of the alloy has naturally segregated from the alloy in the second crucible; forming the alloy in the second crucible into at least one of a tape and a powder, and applying a secondary electrolysis to the tape or powder, when after pure silicon has naturally segregated from the alloy, where pure silicon particles are able to be further segregated from the alloy in the form of nano-sized pure silicon particles; forming the tape and the powder; for submerging the tape or powder in an electrolyte solution during application of the secondary electrolysis; for replenishing an acidity of the electrolyte solution during application of the secondary electrolysis; to apply the current of less than 1A during the secondary electrolysis; separating nano-sized pure silicon particles contained in the electrolyte solution from the electrolyte solution after the secondary electrolysis has been applied; centrifugally separating the nano-sized pure silicon particles contained in the electrolyte solution from the electrolyte solution after the secondary electrolysis; and storing the separated nano-sized pure silicon particles in a substance which alleviates reaction with free oxygen. The apparatus for forming the alloy into a tape is adapted to cast or extrude the alloy into the tape. The apparatus for forming the powder is adapted for mechanically grinding or milling the alloy into the powder.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The substance includes concentrated alcohol. EXAMPLE - None given.