TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Method: In the method, the step of exposing involves exposing the treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to a catalyst having a theta alumina support; having a carbon support, a non-alumina metal oxide support, or a support comprising a combination of carbon and non-alumina metal oxide; and having a non-alumina metal oxide support selected from titanium oxide (TiO2) support, a silicon oxide support, a zirconia oxide (ZrO2) support, a niobium oxide (Nb2O5) support, and a support comprising mixtures of non-alumina metal oxides. The step of exposing involves exposing the treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to a catalyst comprising: a noble metal on the neutral catalyst support; a Group VIII non-noble metal and a Group VIB non-noble metal on the neutral catalyst support, where the Group VIB and Group VIII non-noble metals are optionally sulfided. The step of exposing involves exposing the treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to a catalyst comprising: nickel and molybdenum on a neutral catalyst support, where the nickel comprises the catalyst (0.5-5 wt.%) and the molybdenum calculated as an oxide comprises the catalyst (5-20 wt.%); nickel and tungsten on a neutral catalyst support, where the nickel comprises the catalyst (0.5-5 wt.%) and the tungsten comprises the catalyst (5-20 wt.%); nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum or tungsten on a neutral catalyst support, where the nickel comprises the catalyst (0.1-5 wt.%), the cobalt calculated as an oxide comprises the catalyst (0.5-5 wt.%), and the molybdenum or tungsten comprises the catalyst (5-20 wt.%), the molybdenum calculated as an oxide; and cobalt and molybdenum or tungsten on a neutral catalyst support, where the cobalt calculated as an oxide comprises the catalyst (0.5-5 wt.%), and the molybdenum or tungsten comprises the catalyst (5-20 wt.%), the molybdenum calculated as an oxide. The method involves providing a catalyst comprising a metal on a carbon support, a non-alumina metal oxide support, and/or a theta alumina support; and introducing treated biomass-derived pyrolysis oil into a hydroprocessing reactor in the presence of the catalyst under hydroprocessing conditions to produce low oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil. Preferred Components: The noble metal is selected from rhodium (Rh), palladium (Pd), gold (Au), and/or ruthenium (Ru). The Group VIII non-noble metal comprises cobalt and/or nickel, and the Group VIB non-noble metal comprises molybdenum or tungsten. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.