NOVELTY - A lithium ion battery comprises a non-aqueous electrolyte or gel electrolyte which contains lithium salt and oxo-acid ester derivative of phosphoric acid of formulae (I)-(III), a stacked electrode, and a casing which contains the non-aqueous electrolyte or gel electrolyte and the stacked electrode. The stacked electrode is obtained by interposing a separator (9), positive electrode (1) which has positive electrode layer containing positive electrode active substance on face(s) of positive electrode current collecting component, and a negative electrode (5).    USE - Lithium ion battery. Uses include but are not limited to mobile telephones, notebook personal computer, large-sized electric power storage system and motor vehicle.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium ion battery has high flame resistance over long period of time and excellent cycle characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A lithium ion battery comprises a non-aqueous electrolyte or gel electrolyte which contains lithium salt and oxo-acid ester derivative of phosphoric acid, a stacked electrode, and a casing which contains the non-aqueous electrolyte or gel electrolyte and the stacked electrode. The stacked electrode is obtained by interposing a separator, positive electrode which has positive electrode layer containing positive electrode active substance on face(s) of positive electrode current collecting component, and a negative electrode having negative electrode layer containing a negative electrode active substance on face(s) of a negative electrode current collecting component. The ratio of amount of electrode active substance contained in an electrode active substance coating layer (C) which faces the electrode current collecting co and arranged on the casing side to the amount of electrode active substance contained in electrode active substance coating layer (B) which faces the electrode current collecting component and arranged on the stacked electrode side is 0.55 or more. The oxo-acid ester derivative of phosphoric acid is of formula: R13-P(-OR12)(=O)-OR11 (I), X21-P(-OR22)(=O)-OR21 (II) or X31-P(-OR31)(=O)-X32 (III).    R11,R12,R13,R21,R22,R31=alkyl, aryl, alkenyl, cyano, amino, nitro, alkoxy, cycloalkyl or group substituted by halo;    or R11+R12+R13,R21+R22=cyclic structure;and    X21,X31,X32=halo.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic sectional view of electrode laminate.    Positive electrode (1)    Negative electrode (5)    Separator (9)    Electrode arranged in outermost layer of electrode laminated component (A)