TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Device: The hole transport layer is disposed between the active layer and the anode. The hole transport layer has a thickness of 20-200 nm. The first electrode is a cathode, and the second electrode is an anode. The hole transport layer is formed by depositing an ink comprising at least one solvent and several dissolved components, where the dissolved components comprise at least one conjugated polymer and a fluorosurfactant. The hole transport layer (HTL) layer is thermally annealed at 100-200 degrees C for 20-40 minutes.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The cathode comprises silver (Ag). The anode comprises indium tin oxide or lawrencium 15 (LR15).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The fluorosurfactant is a non-ionic polymeric fluorochemical surfactant; or is a perfluorobutane sulfonate fluorosurfactant. The active layer comprises a composition comprising a donor molecule and an acceptor fullerene derivative. The acceptor fullerene derivative comprises phenyl-61C-butyric-acid-methyl ester (PCBM) or indene-fullerene. The solvent comprises a mixture of water and an organic solvent (preferably butyl cellosolve).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Composition: The composition comprises (wt.%): conjugated polymer (45-55); and fluorosurfactant (0.1-5, preferably 2.5-3.5). The composition further comprises at least one solvent; and at least one material selected from matrix materials, conductors and additives. The ink formulation for hole transport layer application preferably comprises (wt.%): 3-substituted regioregular polythiophene having an alkyleneoxy type side chain (45-55); an organic polymer (0.1-2); and at least one fluorosurfactant (2.5-3.5). Preferred Components: The hole transport material comprises a conjugated polymer (preferably regioregular polythiophene, especially 3-substituted regioregular polythiophene having an alkyleneoxy type side chain). The donor molecule comprises polythiophene. The substrate comprises glass, polyethylene terephthalate or polyethylene naphthalate. The matrix material comprises an organic polymer (preferably poly(4-vinylphenol)). EXAMPLE - No suitable example is given.