TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The compound-X is aluminum chloride, tin(IV) chloride, cerium trifluoromethanesulfonate, boron trichloride, zinc chloride, iron(III) chloride, titanium tetrachloride, gallium trichloride, aluminum bromide, lithium chloride, and/or boron trifluoride. The catalyst is cupper powder, copper(I) iodide, copper(I) bromide, copper(I) chloride, copper thiocyanate, copper(I) cyanide, copper tetrafluoroborate, copper(I) hexafluorophosphate, copper(I) trifluoromethanesulfonate, copper(II) carbonate, copper(II) acetate, copper(II) trifluoromethanesulfonate, copper(I) oxide, copper(II) sulfate , palladium(II) acetate, trisdibenzylideneacetone palladium(0), allylpalladium(II) chloride dimer, palladium(II)chloride, palladium(II)acetylacetonate, palladium(II)nitrate, dichloro(bisbenzonitrile)palladium(II), dichloro(1,5-cyclooctadiene)palladium(II), tetrakis(triarylphosphine)palladium(0), 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene-palladium(II)dichloride, bis(tri-tert-butylphosphine)palladium(0), bis(di-tert-butyl(4-dimethylaminophenyl)phosphine)dichloropalladium(II), (1,1'-bis(di-tert-butylphosphino)ferrocene)palladium(II) dichloride, and/or palladium(II) trifluoroacetate. The base-B is alkali phosphate, alkali hydrogen phosphate, alkali dihydrogen phosphate, alkali carbonate, alkali bicarbonate, alkali O-1-4C alkyl, alkali hydroxide, amine compound of formula (N(R71)(R72)(R73)), alkali hexamethyldisilazide, alkali amine compound of formula (N(R81)(R82)). The alkali of base-B is sodium or potassium.R71-R73, R81, R82 = H, phenyl or 1-10C alkyl.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The compound-B is alkane compound of formula (IIb) or its enantiomer or a diastereomer, pyrrolidinemethanol or cinchonine. The ligand is trans-N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine, N,N'-dimethylethylenediamine, cis-N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine, trans-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine or cis-cyclohexane-1,2-diamine.Either R9, R10 = H, OH, NH2, NH(R17), N(R17)2 or heterocyclic group of formula (aa); andR7, R8, R11, R12 = 1-6C alkyl, 2-6C alkenyl, 2-6C alkynyl (all optionally substituted by halo, CF3, CN, NO2, NH2, NH(1-6C alkyl), N(1-6C alkyl)2, CONH2, CONH(1-6C alkyl), CON(1-6C alkyl)2, NHCONH2, NHCONH(1-6C alkyl), NHCON(1-6C alkyl)2, CO2-1-6C alkyl, 3-7C cycloalkyl or 1-6C alkoxy), H, CF3, CN, CONH2, CONH(1-6C alkyl), CON(1-6C alkyl)2, CO2-1-6C alkyl, 3-7C cycloalkyl, a phenyl group of formula (bb), COOH, C(O)OR17b, phenyl, naphthyl or naphthyl with 1 or 2 endocyclic N atoms; andR14 = H; orR7R8, R11R12 = =O to form a ketone, amide, acid or ester group; orR10R11, R10R12 = a piperidine group of formula (cc) or (dd) or H; orR9R7, R9R8 = a piperidine group of formula (ee) or (ff), or H; orR7R14 or R8R14 = a C-C bond or -(CH2)s;A = bond to the carbon atom in (IIb);A1 = R11 or R12;Aa = bond to the carbon atom in (IIb);A2 = R7 or R8;R13 = H, 1-6C alkyl or phenyl;R15, R16 = 1-6C alkyl, 2-6C alkenyl, 2-6C alkynyl (all optionally substituted substituted by halo, CF3, CN, NO2, NH2, NH(1-6C alkyl), N(1-6C alkyl)2, CONH2, CONH(1-6C alkyl), CON(1-6C alkyl)2, NHCONH2, NHCONH(1-6C alkyl), NHCON(1-6C alkyl)2, CO2-1-6C alkyl, 3-7C cycloalkyl or 1-6C alkoxy) or H;R17 = 1-6C alkyl, phenyl, biphenyl, naphthyl or -SO2-R17a, where 1-6C alkyl optionally substituted with 1 or 2 substituents of phenyl, biphenyl or naphthyl;R17a = 1-4C alkyl, phenyl, tolyl or naphthyl;R17b = 1-4C alkyl;Z = connecting group with -(CHR13)n-, a cycloalkyl group of formula (gg)-(jj) or an aryl group of formula (kk)-(pp);X = 6-membered ring, where the 6-membered ring is optionally saturated but non-aromatic, optionally 1 or 2 of endocyclic C atoms of 6-membered ring are substituted by a heteroatom comprising N, O or S, and optionally 6-membered ring is substituted with 1 or 2 of 1-6C alkyl;Y1 = 5-membered ring, where 5-membered ring is optionally saturated but non-aromatic, optionally 1 or 2 of endocyclic C atoms of 5-membered ring are substituted by a heteroatom comprising N, O or S, and optionally 5-membered ring is substituted with 1 or 2 of 1-6C alkyl;n = 1-3;m = 0 or 1;t = 0-2; ands = 1 or 2,Provided that when t is 0-2, then R11 or R12 is (bb). ACTIVITY - Anti-HIV.    MECHANISM OF ACTION - HIV reverse-transcriptase inhibitor.    EXAMPLE - Trans-N,N'-dimethylcyclohexane-1,2-diamine (17 mg) and toluene (8 ml) were added to carbamic acid cyclopropyl-(2,5-dichloro-phenyl)-trifluoromethyl-prop-2-ynyl ester (210 mg), copper(I) iodide (5.7 mg) and potassium phosphate (266 mg) under inert atmosphere. The mixture was heated to 120 degrees C and stirred for 24 hour at 120 degrees C. The mixture was cooled down to room temperature and filtered. The filtrate was concentrated under vacuum. The residue was purified via column chromatography using silica gel eluting with ethyl acetate/ hexane to afford efavirenz (IV) (76 mg) as a white solid.