TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Components: The apparatus has calcium separation part which removes solid component between the thermal decomposition part and the oil discharge part or in the latter stage of the oil discharge part, and calcium reproducing part where solid component obtained is calcined and calcium carbonate contained in the solid component is converted into calcium oxide. The microwave heating unit has microwave oscillator and cylindrical container with metal inner surface. Microwave resonator which has axially symmetrical microwave electromagnetic field fixed in the circumference direction of the cylindrical space, is provided in the cylindrical space with orientation parallel to the axis. A microwave reaction tube formed from a material which does not absorb microwave connects with the pumping unit at one end and connects with the discharge part or calcium separation unit at the other end.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Process: The thermal decomposition step includes high frequency electromagnetic induction heating process by heating the thermal decomposition reaction liquid discharged from the microwave heating unit using high frequency electromagnetic induction heating unit for 100-600 s at 180-250 degrees C. The manufacturing method includes calcium separation step by removing solid component between the thermal decomposition step and the oil discharge step or after the oil discharge step, and calcium regeneration step by calcining solid component obtained in the calcium separation step, converting calcium carbonate contained in the solid component into calcium oxide, collecting, and reusing. Preferred Components: Biomass contains timber, bamboo material, herb, rice straw, straw, chaff, sugarcane stalk, agricultural products, seaweed, organic refuse, shochu lees, wood land surplus material, excrement, sewage sludge, domestic waste, industrial waste material, livestock farming waste material, agricultural waste, forestry waste, and/or fisheries waste material. Carbon material is carbon material obtained by heating, dry-distilling, carbonizing or performing incomplete combustion, coal, lignite, char, and/or coke.