TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The lithium salt comprises lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluroantimonate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium bis(oxalateborate), lithium bis(sulfuryl fluoride), lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonimide), lithium 1,1,1,3,3-pentafluoro-2-trifluoromethyl-butane-2-sulfonic acid, lithium perchlorate, lithium aluminate, lithium tetrachloroaluminate, sulfur dioxide derivative of formula (LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)) (a), where x and y are 0-10, lithium fluoride, lithium bromide, lithium chloride, lithium iodide and/or lithium bis(oxalato)borate. The lithium salt is present in a ratio of moles of lithium ions/moles of oxygen atoms of the lithium ion conductive polymer of 1/6-1/54. The electrolyte further comprises an inorganic filler. The inorganic filler comprises barium titanate, silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, zirconium dioxide and/or zeolite. The inorganic filler is present in an amount of 0.1-20 pts. wt. The lithium air battery further comprises a protective layer interposed between the first electrolyte and the positive electrode. The protective layer comprises a membrane of an inorganic solid electrolyte membrane, a polymer solid electrolyte membrane, a gel-type polymer electrolyte membrane and/or a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte membrane. The lithium air battery further comprises a second electrolyte interposed between the positive electrode and the protective layer. The second electrolyte comprises: a material of a liquid electrolyte comprising a separator, a non-aqueous solvent, and a lithium salt, an inorganic solid electrolyte membrane, a polymer solid electrolyte membrane, a lithium ion conductive solid electrolyte membrane and/or a gel-type polymer electrolyte membrane; and a liquid electrolyte comprising a non-aqueous solvent and a lithium salt.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The ionic liquid further comprises a cation including an ammonium cation, an imidazolium cation, a pyrrolidinium cation, a piperidinium cation and/or a phosphonium cation. The anion comprises methanedisulfonyl fluoride, 4,4,5,5-tetrafluoro-1,3-dithiolane 1,1,3,3-tetraoxide, and/or trifluoromethylsulfonylmethanesulfonyl fluoride. The ionic liquid comprises a cation having ammonium derivatives of formula (A)-(C). The ionic liquid is a salt comprising derivatives of formulae (A1)-(A6), preferably 1-methyl-1-propyl-piperidin-1-ium-methanedisulfonyl fluoride, 1-methyl-1-propyl-cyclohexane-methanedisulfonyl fluoride, 1-methyl-1-propyl-cyclohexane-methanedisulfonyl fluoride, 1-butyl-1-methyl-cyclohexane-methylsulfonylmethanesulfonyl fluoride, 1-methyl-1-propyl-piperidin-1-ium-trifluoromethylsulfonylmethanesulfonyl fluoride and 1-methyl-1-propyl-piperidin-1-ium-trifluoromethylsulfonylmethanesulfonyl fluoride. The ionic liquid is present in mole of 0.1-2.R, R1a, R2a, R3a = 1-10C-alkyl.