NOVELTY - A hot gas (HG) is supplied from lower portion of carbonization furnace (11), and the hot gas is contacted with biomass (M), and biomass is thermally decomposed, to obtain carbonized material (C). The temperature of lower portion of filling moving bed (P) is controlled, to obtain tar vapor. The tar vapor which raised from lower portion of filling moving bed on the upper portion of filling moving bed is condensed, and captured by biomass. The biomass-captured liquid tar within filling moving bed is co-thermally decomposed with biomass, and converted to carbonized material.    USE - Biomass carbonization method (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The method enables efficient and economical carbonization of biomass. The light bio-oil obtained from carbonization furnace is used as fuel and chemical material.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - A moving bed of biomass which supplies biomass from upper portion of a carbonization furnace, and descends the inside of carbonization furnace in carbonization furnace is formed. A hot gas is supplied from lower portion of carbonization furnace, and the hot gas is contacted with biomass, and biomass is thermally decomposed, to obtain carbonized material. The temperature of lower portion of filling moving bed is controlled to more than the tar generation temperature which thermally decomposes biomass (P), to obtain tar vapor. The temperature of upper portion of filling moving bed is controlled below the tar condensation temperature which condenses a tar vapor. The tar vapor is generated, by thermally decomposing biomass in lower portion of filling moving bed, to obtain carbonized material. The tar vapor which raised from lower portion of filling moving bed on the upper portion of filling moving bed is condensed, set as liquid tar, and a liquid tar is captured by biomass. The biomass-captured liquid tar within filling moving bed is co-thermally decomposed with biomass, and converted to carbonized material. An INDEPENDENT CLAIM is included for biomass carbonization apparatus (10).    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows the schematic view of the biomass carbonization apparatus. (Drawing includes non-English language text)    Biomass carbonization apparatus (10)    Carbonization furnace (11)    Carbonized material (C)    Hot gas (HG)    Biomass (M)    Filling moving bed (P)