TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The electron acceptor material comprises a material selected from fullerenes, inorganic nanoparticles, oxadiazoles, discotic liquid crystals, carbon nanorods, and/or inorganic nanorods (preferably substituted fullerene).    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The solvent, the first solvent and the second solvent are independently of each other selected from organic solvents including aliphatic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, ketones, and/or ethers, and additional solvents which can be used include 1,2,4- trimethylbenzene, 1,2,3,4-tetra-methyl benzene, pentylbenzene, mesitylene, cumene, cymene, cyclohexylbenzene, diethylbenzene, tetralin, decalin, 2,6-lutidine, 2-fluoro-m-xylene, 3-fluoro-o-xylene, 2- chlorobenzotrifluoride, N,N-dimethylformamide, 2-chloro-6-fluorotoluene, 2-fluoroanisole, anisole, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 4-fluoroanisole, 3-fluoroanisole, 3-trifluoro-methylanisole, 2-methylanisole, phenetol, 4-methylanisole, 3-methylanisole, 4-fluoro-3-methylanisole, 2-fluorobenzonitrile, 4-fluoroveratrol, 2,6-dimethylanisole, 3-fluorobenzonitrile, 2,5-dimethylanisole, 2,4-dimethylanisole, benzonitrile, 3,5-dimethyl- anisole, N,N-methylaniline, ethyl benzoate, 1-fluoro-3,5-dimethoxy-benzene, 1-methylnaphthalene, N-methylpyrrolidinone, 3-fluorobenzotrifluoride, benzotrifluoride, dioxane, trifluoromethoxy-benzene, 4- fluorobenzotrifluoride, 3-fluoropyridine, toluene, 2-fluoro-toluene, 2-fluorobenzotrifluoride, 3-fluorotoluene, 4-isopropylbiphenyl, phenyl ether, pyridine, 4-fluorotoluene, 2,5-difluorotoluene, 1-chloro-2,4-difluorobenzene, 2-fluoropyridine, 3-chlorofluoro-benzene, 1-chloro-2,5-difluorobenzene, 4-chlorofluorobenzene, chloro-benzene, ortho-dichlorobenzene, 2-chlorofluorobenzene, para-xylene, meta-xylene, ortho-xylene or mixture of ortho-, meta-, and para-isomers. The solvent, the first solvent and the second solvent are independently of each other selected from methylene chloride (CH2Cl2), ortho-dichlorobenzene, meta-dichlorobenzene, para-dichlorobenzene and a blend of methylene chloride and n-propanol in a volume ratio of 2:1.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The hole carrier polymer is selected from polythiophenes, polyanilines, polycarbazoles, polyvinylcarbazoles, polyphenylenes, polyphenylvinylenes, polysilanes, polythienylenevinylenes, polyisothianaphthanenes, and their copolymers or blends. The hole carrier polymer comprises at least one monomeric unit selected from 122 monomeric units as given in the specifications, e.g. compounds of formulae (xi)-(xiii). The hole carrier layer further comprises a binder. The binder comprises a polymer. The polymer comprises an acrylic resin, an ionic polymer, or a polymer comprising an electron accepting group. The binder comprises a sol gel. The binder is at most 50 vol.% or at least 1 vol.% of the hole carrier layer. The hole carrier layer has a thickness of 5-500 nm. The photoactive layer comprises an electron donor material and an electron acceptor material. The electron donor material comprises a polymer selected from polythiophenes, polyanilines, polycarbazoles, polyvinylcarbazoles, polyphenylenes, polyphenylvinylenes, polysilanes, polythienylenevinylenes, polyisothianaphthanenes, polycyclopentadithiophenes, polysilacyclopentadithiophenes, polycyclopentadithiazoles, polythiazolothiazoles, polythiazoles, polybenzothiadiazoles, poly(thiophene oxide)s, poly(cyclopentadithiophene oxide)s, polythiadiazoloquinoxalines, polybenzoisothiazoles, polybenzothiazoles, polythienothiophenes, poly(thienothiophene oxide)s, polydithienothiophenes, polyfdithienothiophene oxide)s, polyfluorenes, and/or polytetrahydroisoindoles (preferably polythiophene or polycyclopentadithiophene). The electron acceptor material comprises a material selected from polymers containing CN groups, and/or polymers containing CF3 groups. The electron donor material comprises a polymer having the repeat unit of formula (IV).R11 and R12=H, F, Br, Cl, -CN, -NC, -NCO, -NCS, -OCN, -SCN, -C(O)NR1R2, -C(O)X'o, -NH2, -NR1R2, -SH, -SR1, -SO3H, -SO2R1, -OH, -NO2, -CF3, -SF5, optionally substituted silyl or hydrocarbyl with 1-40C atoms that is optionally substituted and optionally comprises at least one hetero atom;X'o=not defined;R', R'11-R'14=1-40C hydrocarbyl (optionally substituted and optionally comprises at least one hetero atom) (preferably optionally substituted 1-24C alkyl, 1-24C alkyl interrupted by at least one O, aryl, 1-24C alkyoxy or aryloxy), or H;A'=C or Si. EXAMPLE - No suitable example is given.