NOVELTY - Preparation of active water retaining composite ecologic bacterial fertilizer, by (a) selecting e.g. Bacillus mucilaginosus, and Azotobacter chroococcum, and mixing above-mentioned bacteria to obtain effective microorganism (EM), (b) preparing material A by mixing e.g. EM, and animal manure, and mixing mixture, (c) preparing material B by mixing material A and water, and performing anaerobic fermentation, (d) preparing material C by adding water to fermented mixture, and (e) mixing e.g. material C, urea, water retention agent, and rare earth.    USE - The method is useful for preparation of active water retaining composite ecologic bacterial fertilizer (claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The active water retaining composite ecologic bacterial fertilizer improves physical and chemical properties of soil, and enhances water and fertilizer retaining capacity, by permeating fertilizer to deep part of soil. The water retaining agent in the surface layer firmly locks moisture and nutrients during rainy seasons or irrigation, such that the fertilizer is suitable for desertification soil.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparation of active water retaining composite ecologic bacterial fertilizer, involves (a) selecting 6-10 pts. wt. 30x 108 per ml Rhodopseudomonas palustris, 2-6 pts. wt. 5x 108 per ml Lactobacillus acidophilus, 1-3 pts. wt. 20x 108 per ml Saccharomyces cerevisiae, 1-2 pts. wt. 5x 106 per ml Aspergillus cellulose, 2-4 pts. wt. 20x 108 per ml Bacillus mucilaginosus, and 1-3 pts. wt. 20x 108 per ml Azotobacter chroococcum, and mixing above-mentioned bacteria to obtain effective microorganism (EM), (b) preparing material A by mixing 1 pt. wt. brown sugar, 2 pts. wt. EM bacteria, 30-50 pts. wt. dry straw powder, and 50-70 pts. wt. animal manure, where moisture content of animal manure is not less than 50%, and mixing mixture, (c) preparing material B by mixing material A and 20-30% water, stirring the mixture, stacking the mixture, and performing anaerobic fermentation, where fermented mixture produces fragrant and red mycelium yeast, (d) preparing material C by adding water to fermented mixture, until moisture content of the mixture reaches 20-30%, and (e) mixing 15-20 pts. wt. material C, 1-2 pts. wt. urea, 4-6 pts. wt. ammonium sulfate, 2-3 pts. wt. phosphoric acid diamine, 6-10 pts. wt. superphosphate, 1-3 pts. wt. potassium chloride, 1-3 pts. wt. ammonium humate, 1-2 pts. wt. water retention agent, and 0.1-0.2 pts. wt. rare earth, to obtain product.