TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The conductive carbon material and the non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group are mixed or arranged as a layered structure to form the conductive composite. The conductive carbon material and the non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group are alternately arranged as layered structure to form the conductive composite. The conductive carbon material comprises carbon nanotube, graphene, graphene oxide, graphene nanoribbon. The non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group includes oxide, silicate, hydroxide, carbonate, sulfate, phosphate, and/or sulfide of silicon, tin, titanium, zinc, aluminum, zirconium, indium, antimony, tungsten, yttrium, magnesium, or cerium having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group. The non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group is formed by grafting a silane having the electro-withdrawing group on the surface of the non-carbon inorganic material, where the silane having the electro-withdrawing group has a formula of X-Si(R1)(R2)(R3).X=electro-withdrawing group or molecular chain having the electro-withdrawing group;R1, R2, and R3=alkoxy group (-OR);R=1-4C alkyl.Where the electro-withdrawing group is nitro, cyano, acetyl, sulfonic acid, sulfonyl, fluorine, chlorine, or bromine. The silane having the electro-withdrawing group is trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane, chloromethyltrimethoxysilane, or 3-(2,4-dinitrophenylamino)propyltriethoxysilane. The conductive carbon material and the non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group are mixed to form the conductive composite, and the conductive carbon material and the non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group have a weight ratio of 1:3-1:5.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group has a shape of pellet, sheet, mesh, film. Preferred Method: The non-carbon inorganic material having surface modified by the electron-withdrawing group is formed by reacting a silane having the electro-withdrawing group and the non-carbon inorganic material by a hydrolysis-condensation or substituent reaction in a gas-phase or a liquid-phase. The step of forming the conductive composite on the substrate comprises coating, transfer printing, or vapor depositing. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.