TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The metal is platinum, gold, silver, iron, nickel, titanium, tin, silicon, aluminum, copper, magnesium, scandium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, cobalt, zinc, strontium, tungsten, ruthenium, iridium, tantalum, antimony, indium, lead, palladium or their alloy. The metal oxide is zinc oxide, stannic oxide, tungsten trioxide, ferric oxide, ferrosoferric oxide, nickel oxide, titania, cupric oxide, indium(III) oxide, zinc stannate, lithium titanate, cobalt(II,III) oxide, palladium(II) oxide, lanthanum cobaltite, nickel cobaltite, calcium manganese oxide (Ca2Mn3O8), zirconia, alumina, boron trioxode, vanadium pentoxide, silver vanadium oxide (Ag2V4O11), silver oxide, lithium lanthanum titanate (Li0.3La0.57TiO3), lithium trivanadate, ruthenium(IV) oxide, iridium(IV) oxide, manganese(IV) oxide, indium tantalate, indium tin oxide, indium zinc oxide, magnesium oxide, lithium manganate, lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganese dioxide, gallium(III) oxide, lithium nickelate, calcium copper titanate, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide complex of formula (Li(Ni,Mn,Co)O2), lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganese cobalt nickel phosphate complex of formula (Li(Mn, Co, Ni)PO4), lithium manganese iron oxide complex of formula (Li(Mn,Fe)O2), lithium metal oxide of formula (Li(CrxMn2-x)O4), lithium cobalt manganate, silver phosphate, barium titanate, nickel titanate, strontium titanate, strontium pyroniobate, strontium pyrotantalate or barium strontium cobalt iron oxide (Ba0.5Sr0.5Co0.8Fe0.2O3-7). The pores are elliptical, where the length of major axis is 2 nm-2 mu m and the length of minor axis is 1-500 nm. The diameter of nanofiber is 50 nm-3 mu m and the specific surface area of the nanofiber is 20-200 m2/g.x = 0-0.5.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The polymer has a weight average molecular weight of 100000-1500000 g/mol. The glass transition temperature of polymer is 25-200 degrees C. The polymer is polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, polyaniline, polyacrylonitrile, polymethyl methacrylate, polyacrylic acid or polyvinyl chloride. The discharge velocity of the spinning solution in electrospinning is 20-100 mu l/minute. The viscosity the spinning solution at 25 degrees C is 70-3000 centipoise. The heat treatment is performed at 300-600 degrees C. The spinning solution further comprises surfactant, acids, bases, oils and/or organic salts. EXAMPLE - 0.666g Polyvinyl acetate with a weight average molecular weight of 500000 g/mol and glass transition temperature of 39.5 degrees C was dissolved in 4 ml dimethylformamide solution at 25 degrees C. 1 g Tin(IV) acetate and 0.13 g acetic acid were added into the obtained solution and stirred at 25 degrees C for at a speed of 500 revolutions/minute and a spinning solution with a viscosity of 400 centipoise was obtained. The spinning solution was dispersed in a ultrasonic cleaner and filled into 12 ml plastic syringe. The electrospinning was performed at less than 15 degrees C, less than 30% relative humidity and discharge velocity of 25 mu l/minute. The needle and collector plates were maintained at distance of 15 cm and moved from left to right at a fixed speed. A stainless plate was positioned for the nanofiber collection on the needle. Immediately, the anode voltage of 16.5 kV was set up in the needle. The collector plates were grounded and tin oxide-polymer composite fiber was obtained on the collector. The obtained nanofiber was heated under air atmosphere in Ney Vulcan 3-550 (RTM: Miniature electric furnace) at a rate of 4 degrees C/minutes to 400-500 degrees C and maintained for 30 minutes and naturally cooled inside the furnace to obtain tin oxide nanofibers.