TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The positive electrode material comprises conductive carbon material and binder. The conductive carbon material is carbon black, graphite, porous carbon, carbon nanotube, carbon fiber, mesocarbon microbeads, hard carbon ball, acetylene black or nitrogen-doped carbon. The alkali metal is lithium metal. The electrolyte comprises lithium salt chosen from lithium tetrachloroaluminate, lithium tetrachlorogallate, lithium-boron-chloride compound (LiB10Cl10), lithium bromide, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluroantimonate, lithium hexafluoroarsenic compound (LiAsF6), lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium nonafluorobutanesulfonate, LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2, where x and y are natural numbers) and lithium fluoride (LiBFz(CF3)4z, where z is natural number). The concentration of electrolyte is 0.5-2 mol/L.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The positive electrode material is thionyl chloride, sulfur dioxide, sulfuryl chloride, sulfur dichloride, sulfur tetrachloride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride or phosphoryl chloride. The positive electrode material is gas and/or liquid phase mixture. The concentration of the electrolyte is 0.1-10 mol/L. The organic electrolyte solution using organic solvent is acetonitrile, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate or diethyl carbonate. The ionic liquid electrolyte is 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium tosylate-butyl-3-methylimidazolium, N,N-dialkyl dithiocarbamate salt, 1-butyl-3- methylimidazolium trithiocarbonate, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphate tetrazolium salt, trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphate imidazolium salts, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrazolium salt, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium alkoxy disulfide carbonate, 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium cyanide salt or 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide salt.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Component: The binder is polytetrafluoroethylene or polyvinylchloride.