TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Composition: The lithium ion battery is a pouch cell comprising foil enclosure having prismatic shape, and ceramic capacitor. The electrode stack comprises 3-50 positive and negative electrode elements, preferably 5-35 positive and negative electrode elements. Preferred Properties: The battery has negative electrode charge capacity of 115-165% at C/20 from an open circuit voltage of 1.5 V against lithium, with respect to the sum of the primary activation cycle positive electrode charge capacity at C/20 from the open circuit voltage of 4.6 V against lithium and oxidation capacity of the supplemental lithium, during the initial activation charge, preferably 75-99.5% at 4.6 V. The energy density of the battery at 1.5-4.5 V is 250-550 Whour/kg, preferably 300-500 Whour/kg. The volumetric energy density of the battery is 500-900 Whour/l, and 600 Whour/l or more at the rate of C/20 and 1.5-4.6 V. The positive electrode has surface area of 100-300 cm2. The irreversible capacity loss of positive and negative electrode is less than 20% and less than 35%, respectively. The lithium de-alloying capacity of the negative electrode is 1800-2800 Ahour/g, preferably 1300-2200 Ahour/g at 1.5-5 V. The loading capacity of the negative electrode is preferably 1.5 mg/cm2 or more.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The conductive additive comprises carbon fibers, carbon nanotubes, graphene, graphite and/or carbon black. The negative electrode comprises germanium-based active material, or tin based active material. The lithium ion battery comprises lithium rich positive electrode active material of formula: Li1+bNi~aMn~bCo~cA~dO2-zFz (I). The silicon based active material comprises carbon composite containing nano structured elemental silicon, silicon and/or silicon oxide of formula: SiOx (II).b=0.01-0.3;alpha =0-0.4;beta =0.2-0.65;gamma =0-0.46;delta =0-0.15;z=0-0.2;A=magnesium, strontium, barium, cadmium, zinc, aluminum, gallium, boron, zirconium, titanium, calcium, cerium, yttrium, niobium, chromium, iron, vanadium, or lithium;andx=0.1-1.9.alpha and gamma are not 0. Preferred Properties: The specific discharge capacity of the lithium rich metal oxide and silicon based active material is preferably 240 mAh/g or more and 850 mAh/g or more, respectively. The supplemental lithium has oxidation capacity of 5-150%, preferably 20-100%, with respect to the irreversible capacity loss of the negative electrode.