NOVELTY - The transparent electrode (70) has glass substrate (71), first electrode layer (72) formed on substrate, and graphene oxide layer (73) formed on and/or under the first electrode layer. The first electrode layer is formed of conductor and/or semiconductor. The conductor is at least one selected from the group consisting of metal materials, carbon materials, metal oxide materials, and conductive polymers. The metal oxide material is transparent conducting oxide. The semiconductor is at least one selected from the group consisting of germanium, silicon, gallium arsenide, and indium phosphide.    USE - Transparent electrode for electronic material (claimed). Uses include but are not limited to liquid crystal display, electronic paper display, photoelectric element, touch screen, organic electroluminescence (EL) element, solar cell, fuel cell, secondary cell, supercapacitor, electromagnetic shielding layer, or noise shielding layer.    ADVANTAGE - Ensures overcoming degradation of long-term reliability caused by introduction of oxygen, moisture, and other impurities and maintains low surface resistance compared to overcoating layer using organic material that is conventionally formed on the first electrode layer since graphene oxide layer performs a role of a protective layer while maintaining surface resistance of the first electrode layer as it is or without greatly increasing the surface resistance of first electrode layer within 50 percent as well as maintaining insulation with the adjacent first electrode layer that is made of conductor and/or semiconductor. The graphene oxide is effectively used as transparent electrode material by maintaining the unique surface resistance of first electrode layer within predetermined range regardless of the condition that the surface resistance of first electrode layer is increased by factors or maintained as it is. Provides electronic material preferably used as good material that replaces conventional indium tin oxide (ITO) as transparent electrode material since surface resistance of transparent electrode is maintained at very low level according to the surface resistance of first electrode layer. Improves long-term reliability since checking that graphene oxide layer protects the first electrode layer is enabled by blocking the materials introduced into the first electrode layer from outside, thus allows checking that graphene oxide layer also performs as barrier layer for protecting the first electrode layer. Prevents deterioration of characteristics of transparent electrode since graphene oxide layer performs a role of a barrier layer to protect the transparent electrode.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a cross sectional view of the structure of a transparent electrode.    Transparent electrode (70)    Glass substrate (71)    First electrode layer (72)    Graphene oxide layer (73)    Resistance value measured in connection portion of silver nanowires (R1)