NOVELTY - Apparatus (A1) comprises: radiant heat chemical reactor (102) that is configured to generate chemical products including synthesis gas products; at least two radiant tubes (106) in the reactor configured to separate exothermic heat source (108) from endothermic reaction of reactant gas and biomass particles occurring within a cavity of refractory vessel (103) of reactor; and at least one feed line (112) configured to supply reactant gas and biomass particles to cavity area between inner wall of cavity of refractory vessel and outside wall of each of radiant tubes that are internally heated.    USE - The apparatus is useful for generating synthesis gas products, which are useful for generating a liquid fuel (all claimed).    ADVANTAGE - The apparatus: utilizes the internally heated radiant tubes, which decreases the thermal shock due to the high heat flux with biomass loading, hence decreases tube failure issues, increases radiant heat transfer surface area, and allows significant reductions in a physical size of the radiant heat chemical reactor; provides the synthesis gas products with improved yield; decreases stress failures of the silicon carbide radiant tube during operation; is cost effective and reliable; eliminates the problem of endothermic/exothermic balancing; and avoids the occurrence of tar formation in the products.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Apparatus (A1) comprises: a radiant heat chemical reactor (102) that is configured to generate chemical products including synthesis gas products; at least two radiant tubes (106) in the radiant heat chemical reactor configured to separate an exothermic heat source (108) from an endothermic reaction of reactant gas and biomass particles occurring within a cavity of a refractory vessel (103) of the chemical reactor, where the exothermic heat source heats a space inside the radiant tubes, and the radiant tubes are located within the refractory vessel; and at least one feed line (112) configured to supply the reactant gas and biomass particles to the cavity area between an inner wall of the cavity of the refractory vessel and an outside wall of each of the radiant tubes that are internally heated. INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are also included for:    (1) an apparatus (A2) comprising: a radiant heat chemical reactor having the radiant tubes made out of a solid material, and are located inside a cavity of a refractory vessel, where a chemical reaction driven by radiant heat occurs within an inner wall of a cavity of the refractory vessel and an outer wall of each of the radiant tubes, and the chemical reaction is an endothermic reaction including at least one of biomass gasification (in which carbohydrate of formula (CxHyOz) is reacted with (x-z) moles of water to give x moles of carbon monoxide and (y/2+(x-z)) moles of hydrogen) or hydrocarbon reforming or cracking that includes steam methane reforming (in which methane is reacted with water to give carbon monoxide and 3 moles of hydrogen), steam methane cracking (in which water and 2 molecules of methyl groups are reacted) to produce ethane and water, steam carbon gasification (in which carbon and water are reacted to give carbon monoxide and hydrogen), and steam ethane cracking to produce ethylene (in which ethane gives ethylene and hydrogen), to be conducted in the radiant heat chemical reactor using the radiant heat; and the feed lines configured to supply chemical reactants (including any one of biomass particles, reactant gas or steam heat transfer aid particles) into the radiant heat chemical reactor, where (a) an indirect radiation driven geometry of the radiant heat chemical reactor uses radiation as a primary mode of heat transfer the reactant gas and any particles entrained with the reactant gas, (b) each radiant tube separates an exothermic heat source from an endothermic reaction of the reactant gas occurring within the cavity of the refractory vessel, (c) the feed lines supply the chemical reactants for the chemical reaction to the cavity area between the inner wall of the cavity of the refractory lined vessel and the radiant tubes that are internally heated, and (d) the radiation is absorbed by any heat-transfer-aid particles when present and any biomass particles when present in the reactant gas, and the heat is then transferred by conduction to the reacting gas at temperature of 900-1600 degrees C; and    (2) generating a synthesis product gas from a radiant heat driven chemical reactor, comprising: driving a chemical reaction primarily by radiant heat occurring within the radiant heat chemical reactor, where the chemical reaction is the endothermic reaction including the biomass gasification (in which hydrocarbyl compound of formula (CnHm) is reacted with water to give carbon monoxide, hydrogen, water and X1), or the hydrocarbon reforming or cracking that includes the steam methane reforming, the steam methane cracking to produce ethane, and the steam ethane cracking to produce ethylene; using the radiant tubes in the radiant heat chemical reactor to separate an exothermic heat source from an endothermic reaction of reactant gas and biomass particles (when present) occurring within a cavity of the refractory vessel of the chemical reactor, where the radiant tubes are located within the refractory vessel; supplying the reactant gas and biomass particles, when present, to the cavity area between an inner wall of the cavity of the refractory vessel and an outside wall of each of the radiant tubes; and exiting synthesis product gases from the chemical reaction of the reactant gas and biomass particles, when present, from the radiant heat chemical reactor.    x, y, z, m, n, X1 = not defined.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a flow schematic view of the radiant heat chemical reactor configured to generate chemical products including synthesis gas products.    Radiant heat chemical reactor (102)    Refractory vessel (103)    Radiant tubes (106)    Exothermic heat source (108)    Feed line (112)