TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Method: The hydrophobic treatment using plasma is performed by blowing in a first gas comprising argon gas, nitrogen gas, oxygen gas and/or helium gas, and a second gas comprising a hydrocarbon gas and/or a fluorocarbon gas. The plasma treatment is performed by blowing in the first gas, and a second gas comprising the fluorocarbon gas, where the hydrocarbon gas is methylene or ethylene gas, and the fluorocarbon gas is tetrafluoromethane gas and/or octafluorocyclobutane gas. Preferred Components: The crack is 5-1000 nm deep and 5-500 nm wide. (QQ) has a surface contact angle of 70-180 degrees , preferably 70-120 degrees . (QQ) further comprises a hydrophobic thin coating layer on its surface. The hydrophobic thin film has a thickness of 1-1000 nm. The hydrophobic thin coating layer comprises a hydrophobic functional group such as difluoromethylene and/or trifluoromethyl. The surface of (QQ) shows peaks in bonding energy of 670-700 eV and 280-300 eV when X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy is measured. The central portion of (QQ) shows multiplet peak at 500-1500 cm-1 when Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) is measured. The hydrocarbon-based proton conductive polymer is a polymer having a proton conductive group. The polymer is a hydrocarbon-based polymer consisting of a benzimidazole-based polymer, a benzoxazole-based polymer, a polyimide-based polymer, a polyetherimide-based polymer, a polyphenylene sulfide-based polymer, a polysulfone-based polymer, polyethersulfone-based polymer, polyetherketone-based polymer, polyetheretherketone-based polymer, polyphenylquinoxaline-based polymer and/or their copolymers. The hydrocarbon-based proton conductive polymer film comprises a hydrocarbon-based polymer including a first repeating unit of formula (I) and a second repeating unit of formula (II) or a hydrocarbon-based polymer of formula (III) or (IV).X1-X6 = SO2 or O;Y1, Y2 = SO3H or SO3Na;n2 = 100-n1;n1 = 30-70;Q1 = aryl group of formula (IIIa);Q2 = aryl group of formula (IIIb);Q3 = aryl group of formula (IIIc);X7-X42 = S, O or SO2, where X11, X23 and X38 are preferably -SO2-, and X7, X18, X19, X30, X31, and X42 are ether -O-;T1-T57 = F, CN or SO3H, where T9, T10, T28, T29, T48 and T49 are preferably -SO3H, and T9, T10 and T28 are CN;k1, k3, k5 = 0.4-0.6; andk2, k4, k6 = 0.6-0.4, where k2, k4 and k6 are 1-k1, 1-k3 and 1-k5, respectively.In formula (IV):X1-X8 = SO2 or O;Y3-Y10 = F;A = 5-30; andu = 10-40.