TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: Each of the first inorganic protective layer and the second inorganic protective layer: comprises at least one of lithium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, yttrium, lanthanum, titanium, zirconium, hafnium, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, cerium, praseodymium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium or yttrium, or their oxides, hydroxides, bromides, chlorides, fluorides, sulfides, nitrates, carbonates, sulfates, phosphates, oxalates, acetates or ionic liquids; and has a thickness of 1 nm to 100 mu m. The inorganic-organic composite electrolyte layer: comprises an inorganic electrolyte (12), an organic electrolyte (13) or an ionic liquid, where a weight ratio of the inorganic electrolyte with respect to the organic electrolyte is 80:20-20:80; and has a thickness of 10 nm to 1000 mu m. The inorganic component and the organic component of the inorganic-organic composite electrolyte layer has a core-shell structure, where one of the inorganic component and the organic component defines a core of the core-shell structure, and the other of the inorganic component and the organic component defines a shell of the core-shell structure. The first inorganic protective layer, the second inorganic protective layer or the inorganic-organic composite electrolyte layer is provided or formed by using aerosol deposition, so that the first inorganic protective layer, the second inorganic protective layer or the inorganic-organic composite electrolyte layer has a density of 0.3-1 g/cm3. Preferred Method: In the method, at least one of the steps (a)-(c) comprises using an aerosol deposition process.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The organic electrolyte comprises a polymer and a lithium salt, where the polymer comprises at least one of polyethylene oxide, polymethylmethacrylate, polypropylene oxide, polyvinylidene fluoride, polystyrene, PVC, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylonitrile, polyester sulfide or its derivatives, or a polymer with an ionic-dissociable group.