TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preparation (): Photovoltaic compound is prepared by allowing compound of formula (II) and compound of formula (III) to react under catalysis of tetra(triphenyl phosphine)palladium. Preferred Compositions: Molar ratio compound of formula (II):compound of formula (III) is 1:2-2.1, preferably 1:2 and molar ratio tetra(triphenyl phosphine)palladium:compound of formula (III) is 0.02-0.05:1, preferably 0.02:1. Molar ratio compound of formula (II):compound of formula (V) is 1:2-2.1, preferably 1:2, molar ratio tetra(triphenyl phosphine)palladium:compound of formula (V) is 0.02-0.05:1, preferably 0.02:1, and molar ratio compound of formula (IV):compound of formula (VI) is 1:2-2.2, preferably 1:2.1. Preferred Conditions: Reaction temperature to obtain photovoltaic compound is 100-115 degrees C, preferably 115 degrees C with reaction time of 12-48 hours, preferably 24 hours in which reaction is performed under organic solvent e.g. toluene, chlorobenzene, or xylene. Reaction temperature between compound of formula (II) and compound of formula (V) is 80-100 degrees C, preferably 90 degrees C with reaction time of 12-48 hours, preferably 24 hours, reaction temperature between compound of formula (IV) and compound of formula (VI) with mixed piperidine compound is 100-110 degrees C, preferably 110 degrees C with reaction time of 12-48 hours, preferably 24 hours. Preferred Processes: Photovoltaic compound is prepared by subjecting compound of formula (II) and compound of formula (V) to reaction to obtain compound of formula (VI), subjecting compound of formula (IV) and compound of formula (VI) with mixed piperidine compound to reaction under inert atmosphere, and refluxing toluene. Photovoltaic compound is prepared by cooling final product to room temperature, dissolving into dichloromethane, washing with brine, drying over anhydrous magnesium sulfate, evaporating solvent, subjecting into column for purification through dichloromethane:petroleum ether with volume ratio 1:3.