NOVELTY - The process (110) involves hydrotreating biomass at hydrotreatment reaction conditions to produce a hydrotreatment product comprising a deoxygenated hydrocarbon product that includes petrol and diesel boiling-point range materials. Each of the petrol and diesel boiling-point range fractions is separated from the hydrotreatment product. The petrol boiling-point range materials are separated from diesel boiling-point range fractions. The separated petrol and diesel boiling-point range fractions are catalytically upgraded at catalytic petrol upgrade conditions to form an upgraded petrol product.    USE - Process for directly producing fractionated and upgraded hydrocarbon fuels e.g. petrol and diesel boiling-point range materials, from high lipid-containing aquatic biomass e.g. algae and aquatic plant such as lemna.    ADVANTAGE - The process enables splitting a nominal diesel product stream such that a portion of the diesel product stream is diverted through a diesel recirculation loop back to an entrance of a hydroconversion reactor to retrace a path through a high pressure separator and a distillation column, thus improving diesel quality. The process enables directly producing hydrocarbon fuels from a single biomass processing reactor, thus improving process economics, increasing process versatility and allowing a self-contained process that can operate independently with no need for a refinery to produce a final finished petrol or diesel fuel. The process allows a hydrogenation activity for preventing reactive olefins from polymerizing, thus reducing formation of unstable free radicals. The process allows a deoxygenation activity such that the heat of reaction from hydropyrolysis is supplied by the exothermic deoxygenation reaction, thus obviating the need for external heating.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The drawing shows a schematic block diagram of a structure illustrating a process for producing hydrocarbon fuels from biomass and involving fractional distillation of hydrocarbons.    Process for producing hydrocarbon fuels from biomass (110)    Reactor vessel (116)    Make-up port (118)    Output stream (120)    Barrier filter (126)