TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The composition is characterized by at least three, five, eight, ten, twelve, fourteen, sixteen, eighteen, or nineteen of the characteristics from the group. The marker molecule is selected from isopropanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl formate, dichloromethane, hexanol, furfural, hydroxy-methyl furfural, 2,3,5 trimethyl furan, p-hydroxyphenoxyacetic acid, 4-hydroxy-3,5,-dimethoxyphenyl acetic acid, methylethyl ketone, methylpropenyl ketone, 3-(2-furyl)-3-penten-2-one, 3-methyl-2-penten-4-one, 3,4-dimethyl-4-hexene-one, 5-ethyl-5-hexene-3-one, 5-methyl-4-heptene-3-one, o-hydroxyanisole, 3-ethyl-4-methyl-3- penten-2-one, 3,4,4-trimethyl-2-cyclohexene-1-one, 2'-hydroxy-4',5'-dimethylacetophenone, 1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane methanol, galcturonic acid, dehydroabietic acid, glycerol, fatty acids and resin acids. The organic solvent is selected from methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl formate, dichloromethane and its mixture. The composition is a polymer, precursor to one or more commodity chemicals, a commodity chemical, or consumer good. It is selected from fuel additives in gasoline or diesel fuel, carbon-fiber, materials for carbon-fiber production, asphalt, a component of a biopolymer, oil well drilling additives, concrete additives, dyestuffs dispersants, agriculture chemicals, animal feeds, industrial binders, specialty polymers for paper industry, precious metal recovery aids, materials for wood preservation, sulfur-free lignin products, automotive brakes, wood panel products, bio-dispersants, polyurethane foams, epoxy resins, printed circuit boards, emulsifiers, sequestrants, water treatment formulations, strength additive for wallboard, adhesives, and a material for the production of vanillin, xylitol, paracoumaryl, coniferyl, sinapyl alcohol, benzene, xylenes, or toluene. The solvent is selected from a group consisting of methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, ethyl acetate, ethyl formate, dichloromethane, and its mixture. Preferred Parameters: The lignin composition is characterized (on a dry matter basis) by sixteen or more characteristics selected from: (i) a Tg above 160 degrees C as determined using DSC according to DIN 53765-1994; (ii) a consistent Tg as determined by multiple DSC runs of the same lignin portion; (iii) a Mw greater than 10000 Da as measured by GPC; (iv) a Mn greater than 6200 Da as measured by GPC; (v) a polydisperisity less than 7.00 as measured by GPC; (vi) a formula of C9HxOy; where x is less than 12 and y is less than 3.5; (vii) degree of condensation less than 0.8 as determined by NMR; (viii) methoxyl content (#/aryl group) as determined by NMR is less than 1.4; (ix) aliphatic linkages ( beta -O-4') (#/aryl group) less than 0.6; (x) ratio of aromatic C-O: aromatic C-C: aromatic C-H (#/aryl group) is 1.6:2.2:2.2; (xi) amount of aromatic C-O bonds (#/aryl group) is less than 2.1; (xii) elemental composition of greater than 61% carbon, less than 27% oxygen, and less than 0.5% nitrogen by mass as measured by elemental analysis; (xiii) a solid lignin composition comprising a marker molecule at a concentration of at least 100 ppb; (xiv) less than 0.1 times the volatile sulfur compounds found in Kraft lignin; (xv) an ash content of less than 0.5%; (xvi) a sulfur content of less than 700 ppm; (xvii) a phosphorus content of less than 100 ppm; (xviii) a soluble carbohydrate content of less than 0.5%; and (xix) substantially insoluble in an organic solvent; or the lignin composition is characterized (on a dry matter basis) by sixteen or e characteristics selected from: (i) a Tg below 90 degrees C as determined using DSC according to DIN 53765-1994; (ii) a consistent Tg as determined by multiple DSC runs of the same lignin portion; (iii) a mass Mw less than 2,500 Da as measured by GPC; (iv) a Mn less than 1 000 Da as measured by GPC; (v) a polydisperisity less than 7.00 as measured by GPC; (vi) a formula of C9HxOy; where x is less than 12 and y is less than 3.5; (vii) degree of condensation less than 0.8 as determined by NMR; (viii) methoxyl content (#/aryl group) as determined by NMR is less than 1.4; (ix) aliphatic linkages ( beta -O-4') (#/aryl group) less than 0.6; (x) ratio of aromatic C-O: aromatic C-C : aromatic C-H (#/aryl group) is 1.6:2.2:2.2; (xi) amount of aromatic C-0 bonds (#/aryl group) is less than 2.1; (xii) elemental composition of greater than 61% carbon, less than 27% oxygen, and less than 0.5% nitrogen by mass as measured by elemental analysis; (xiii) a solid lignin composition comprising a marker molecule at a concentration of at least 100 ppb; (xiv) less than 0.1 times the volatile sulfur compounds found in Kraft lignin; (xv) an ash content of less than 0.5%; (xvi) a sulfur content of less than 700 ppm; (xvii) a phosphorus content of less than 100 ppm; (xviii) a soluble carbohydrate content of less than 0.5%; or (xix) substantially soluble in an organic solvent. The lignin has a Tg above 160 degrees C or above 190 degrees C determined using DSC according to DIN 53765-1994. It has a Tg below 100 degrees C or below 90 degrees Cdetermined using DSC according to DIN 53765-1994. Consistent Tg is determined by two consecutive DSC runs of the same lignin portion according to DIN 53765-1994, where a first Tg is measured during the first DSC run, a second Tg is measured during the second DSC run, and the difference between the first Tg and the second Tg is less than 10 degrees C. Difference between the first Tg and the second Tg is less than 5 degrees C. The (SS) lignin fraction has a different consistent Tg than the (SI) lignin fraction. Preferred Composition: The lignin has a mass Mw greater than 10000 Da as measured by GPC; and a Mn greater than 6200 Da as measured by GPC; or the lignin has a Mw less than 2500 Da as measured by GPC; and a Mn less than 1000 Da as measured by GPC. Preferred Process: The solvent comprises an at least one organic molecule having up to 5 carbon atoms and at least one heteroatom; where the contacting occurs at 20-50 degrees C for 1 to 10 hours; where the spatial separating comprises filtration or decantation of the solvent from the insoluble lignin; and the method further involves: (iii) evaporating the solvent from the (SS) lignin fraction; and (iv) drying each fraction to obtain a dry solid (SS) lignin fraction and a dry solid (SI) lignin fraction; where the two dry solid lignin fractions have different molecular weights as determined by GPC and different consistent Tgs. At least one of the lignin fractions has a consistent Tg as determined by two DSC runs of the same lignin portion in a single day according to DIN 53765-1994, where a first Tg is measured during the first DSC run, a second Tg is measured during the second DSC run, and the difference between the first Tg and the second Tg is less than 5 degrees C. Converting involves treating with hydrogen or a hydrogen donor. EXAMPLE - No suitable example given.