TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - CHEMICAL ENGINEERING - Preferred Components: At least a portion of reaction vessel is formed of transparent material. The water splitting system further has light intensifier (904) which intensifies the intensity of the light before the light is absorbed by the photoactive material.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRONICS - Preferred Device: The piezoelectric actuators (a)-(d) control the displacement of adjacent wires of the primary and secondary sets of wires and the distance between the primary and secondary sets of wires. The piezoelectric actuators (a)-(d) operate sinusoidally at a frequency of 0-100 Hz. The piezoelectric actuators (a)-(d) move primary and secondary set of wires up and down with respect to each other. Each piezoelectric actuator (a)-(d) is Noliac stacked multilayer piezoelectric actuator. The distance between adjacent wires in primary and secondary set of wires is 10 nm to 1 mu m. The piezoelectric actuators (a)-(d) have minimum driving voltage of 60 V.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Composition: The primary and secondary sets of wires include titanium dioxide, silver halide, graphene oxide and/or metallic material. The photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals further contain semiconductor nanocrystals (B) capped with inorganic capping agent (A-2). The photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals are chosen from 79 nanocrystals e.g. zinc sulfide-titanium dioxide, titanium dioxide-copper oxide, zinc sulfide-ruthenium oxide, zinc sulfide-rhenium oxide and gold-arsenic sulfide. The inorganic capping agent (A-1) is reduction photocatalyst. The inorganic capping agent (A-2) is oxidation photocatalyst. The photoactive material further contains ligand forming a nanojunction between plasmonic nanoparticles and photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals. The plasmonic nanoparticles include noble metal. The substrate is transparent substrate. Preferred Process: The electric field created between two adjacent plasmonic nanoparticles causes electrons in valence band of plasmonic nanoparticles to migrate to conduction band of photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals when light contacts the plasmonic nanoparticles, and electrons in the conduction band of photocatalytic capped colloidal nanocrystals are used for reduction reaction.