NOVELTY - An electrode comprises a first metal layer disposed on second metal layer, where first metal layer comprises non-reticulated, electrically conductive metal foam comprising cells and pores. The cells have an average cell diameter of less than or equal to 25 mu m. The pores have an average pore size less than average cell diameter. The metal foam itself does not structurally contain carbon, and no carbon is present in cells or pores of metal foam.    USE - As a metal-foam electrode in electrochemical devices such as batteries and fuel cells useful for various commercial, military, and aerospace applications, where fuel cells include small power plants, electric and hybrid vehicles, auxiliary power, off-grid power supply, battery back-up power, notebook computers, and portable electronics; and also in laptop computers, mobile phones, cameras, medical devices, electric vehicles, electric bikes, scooters, and power tools.    ADVANTAGE - The electrode forms one piece monolithic structure and allows thicker electrodes than are possible with current electrode-fabrication techniques. The electrodes are formed from an all-fluidic plating solution. The one piece monolithic structure of the electrode increases energy density and power density, improves heat management, and increases device lifetimes for batteries and fuel cells. The electrode allows faster charging and discharging batteries with longer lifetimes and greater power densities as well as greater power density fuel cells. The electrode forms a conductive matrix to significantly reduce the internal resistance and enable much thicker electrodes. The metal foam potentially increases the active materials loading, and reduces or eliminates the need for conductive particles (such as carbon particles) and binders, in the electrode. The metal foams with smaller possible pore sizes have thinner walls and lower mass, which further improves battery energy density. The electrode provides fuel cells with improved power density, due to the ability to fabricate thicker electrodes. The nature of the metal foam reduces weight and improves its mechanical strength when it is compressed against the membrane in a fuel cell. The conducting metal foam, in contrast to agglomerated carbon particles in known fuel cell electrodes, improves electrical conductivity and allows thicker electrodes, and thus higher power density. Preferably, the metal foam is structurally continuous with a base metal layer that can conduct electrons out of the fuel cell.