NOVELTY - Recombinant microorganism (I) that converts a carbon source to a biofuel alcohol comprising a recombinantly expressed oxygen tolerant coenzyme A (CoA)-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase, is new.    USE - (I) is useful for producing biofuel alcohol including n-butanol (claimed), preferably isobutanol, 1-butanol, 1-propanol, 2-methyl-1-butanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and 2-phenylethanol from a substrate. The n-butanol is useful as chemical feedstock to produce solvents (butyl acetate, butyl glycol ethers), polymers (butyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate), and plasticizers (butyl phthalate, butylbenzyl phthalate), and as fuel additive or substitute.    ADVANTAGE - (I) avoids the difficulty of expressing a large set of foreign genes, minimizes the possible accumulation of toxic intermediates, enables for the direct photosynthetic production of n-butanol and other chemicals and biofuels from photoautotrophs, and is capable of producing n-butanol with high yield, higher in energy density and lower in hygroscopicity.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - INDEPENDENT CLAIMS are included for: (1) a method for producing an alcohol, comprising (a) providing the recombinant photoautotroph or photoheterotrophic microorganism, (b) culturing the microorganism(s) of step (a) in the presence of carbon dioxide under conditions suitable for the conversion of the substrate to an alcohol and (c) purifying the alcohol; (2) a culture comprising (I); and (3) a recombinant vector comprising any two or more genes consisting of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (Acc)A, AccB, AccC, AccD, Streptomyces sp. strain CL190, acetoacetyl-CoA synthase (nphT7), Ralstonia Eutropha, acetoacetyl-CoA reductase (PhaB), Aeromonas caviae, (R)-specific enoyl-CoA hydratase (PhaJ), Treponema denticola, trans-2-enoyl-CoA reductase (Ter), Aeromonas hydrophilia, Klebsiella pneumonia, Lactobacillus brevis, L. monocytigenes, Porphyromonas gingivalis, or Salmonella enterica, CoA-acylating aldehyde dehydrogenase (PduP), and Escherichia coli, NADP-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase (YqhD) or their homologs.