TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposite is in a structure consisting of nanorod, nanowire, nanofiber or nanorice. Material of the highly conductive nanostructure is carbon-based, gold, silver, aluminum, zinc, nickel, platinum, or tin.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The highly conductive nanostructures are single-wall carbon nanotubes, multiwall carbon nanotubes, carbon nanorods, carbon nanowires and/or graphene sheets. The composite comprises 2-10 wt.% of the highly conductive nanostructures. Preferred Method: The method comprises: preparing the semiconductor precursor solution; adding many highly conductive nanostructures to the semiconductor precursor solution to form a solution; producing many preformed one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposites with the solution; heating up the preformed one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposites with a temperature rise rate of 0.1-5 degrees C/minute until reaching a calcination temperature of 200-1000 degrees C; calcinating the preformed one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposites with the calcination temperature for a calcination period; and cooling down the preformed one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposites form the calcination temperature at a temperature decreases rate of -0.1 degrees C/minute to -5 degrees C/minute until formation of the composite. The temperature rise rate is 0.1-3 degrees C/minute. The temperature decrease rate is -0.1 degrees C/minute to -3 degrees C/minute. The calcination temperature is 300-600 degrees C. The step of producing the preformed one-dimensional semiconductor nanocomposites with the solution comprises electrospinning the solution by applying a voltage over a collector distance. EXAMPLE - Titanium dioxide/polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/multiwall carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composite nanofibers were first electrospun on fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) glass from a precursor solution that contained 4 g titanium isopropoxide (TIP), 3.5 g PVP, 2 g acetic acid, 0.05-0.15 g MWCNT and 100 ml ethanol. A layer of titanium dioxide/MWCNT nanorods was peeled off from the original FTO glass after calcination and then transferred to another FTO glass with an ultra-thin adhesive titanium dioxide paste. The titanium dioxide/MWCNT nanorod photoanode was obtained after calcinating at 450 degrees C for 2 hours. The corresponding temperature rise rate was 1 degrees C/minute until reaching the calcination temperature of 450 degrees C.