TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Components: The active material includes a carbon material-containing coating on at least a part of the surface of the primary particles, where the coating has a Raman spectrum with an intensity ratio (ID/IG) of at least 0.65 between a peak (intensity ID) in a 1250-1350 per cm range and a peak (intensity IG) in a 1500-1700 per cm range as measured by Raman spectroscopy. The weight ratio of the coating with respect to the primary particles is 0.01-10 wt.%. The active material is contained in the positive electrode, and has a direct current resistivity of less than or equal to 7.5 k Omega .cm in a charged state with 80% charge depth. The active material contained in the positive electrode has a laminar rock salt structure, a spinel structure, or an olivine structure, where the active material contained in the negative electrode has a spinel structure. The active material contained in the positive electrode is at least one of: lithium oxide compound of formula (LiaM1O2); lithium manganese oxide of formula (LibMncM2d)4); or lithium phosphorus oxide of formula (LieM3fPO4).M1 = at least one of Groups 2-15 elements, preferably Ni, Co, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn, Y, Ti, Mo, Al, Mg, B, V, Cr, Sn, Ca, Sr or W;a = greater than 0 to 1.2;M2 = at least one of Groups 2-15 elements (excluding Mn), preferably Co, Ni, Mg, Al, B, Ti, V, Cr, Fe, Cu, Zn, Mo, Sn, Ca, Sr and W;b = greater than 0 to 1; eitherc = greater than 0 to 2; andd = 0-2; orc+d = 2;M3 = at least one of Groups 2-15 elements, preferably Co, Mn, Fe, Ni, Mg, Al, B, Ti, V, Nb, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ca, Sr, W and Zr; ande, f = greater than 0 to 1.The active material contained in the negative electrode is at least one of: lithium titanium oxide complex of formula (Li(LixM4((1-3x)/2)Ti((3+x)/2))O4); lithium titanium oxide complex of formula (Li(LiyM5(1-3y)Ti(1+2y))O4); or lithium titanium oxide complex of formula (Li(Li(1/3)M6zTi((5/3)-z))O4).M4 = at least one of Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn or Sr;x, y = 0-1/3;M5 = at least one of Al, Sc, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ga or Y;M6 = at least one of V, Zr or Nb; andz = 0-2/3.