TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Device: The device further comprises electrically conductive material and binder that are coated uniformly on a stainless steel, aluminum foil, copper foil, titanium foil or carbon cloth to make positive and negative power supply. Preferred Composition: The electrolyte further comprises supporting electrolyte chosen from potassium cation and n-butyl cation electrolyte salt with concentration of 0.01-1 M. The electrolyte further comprises positive ions and negative ions to reduce electrical conductivity within electric polarization of battery. Preferred Components: The M+ ion in electrolyte is sodium cation or lithium cation. The aqueous electrolyte: is chosen from saturated solution of sodium nitrate, sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium hydroxide, sodium tetrafluoroborate, sodium hexafluorophosphate and sodium perchlorate. The non-aqueous organic electrolyte is chosen from sodium tetrafluoroborate, sodium hexafluorophosphate, sodium perchlorate, sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, sodium bis(triflouromethanesulfonyl)imide, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide and lithium bis(triflouromethanesulfonyl)imide, and are dissolved in one or more salts chosen from ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, tetrahydrofuran, dimethoxyethane, diglyme, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, triethylene glycol dimethyl ether, tetraethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylpropane-1,3-diol, 4-methylpropane-1,3-diol, gamma -butyrolactone, methyl formate, acetate (tender), ethyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, acetonitrile, malononitrile and 3-propionitrile. The molten salt electrolyte system is a molten sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide-potassium sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide, or lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide-potassium sodium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The anionic X- doped or dedoped organic material is chosen from P-type organic polymer, organic radical, non-conjugated organic material, electrically conductive polymer, organic salts and their substituted compounds or polymerized compounds. The cationic M+ embedded or prolapse of organic or inorganic material is chosen from n-type organic polymer, main chain type sulfur-containing organic polymer, polysulfide polymer, organic carbonyl compound, electrically conductive polymer, carbon-based material, composite of the above-mentioned compounds, and their substituted compounds or polymerized compounds. The positive electrode is chosen from poly(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl nitroxide)polyacrylamide (Pca1), poly-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidin-nitroxide radical 4-methyl methacrylate (Pca2), poly-1-oxo-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-piperidin-4-glycidyl ether (Pca3), poly-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidin-nitroxide radical 4-vinyl-ether (Pca4), polyacetylene 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-1-piperazin-lithium nitroxide radical 4-benzoate (Pca5), polynaphthalene (1,8-cd:4,5c 'd ') and (1,2)-dithiol-metallocene(tetrathiocarbonate dimethyl fumarate) (Pca6), polyvinyl carbazole N- (Pca7), polytriphenylamine (Pca8), polyaniline (Pca9), aniline-ortho-nitroaniline copolymer, poly -2,2,5,5- tetramethyl-1-3-methyl propiolate (Pca10), polyacetylene-2, 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl piperidine nitroxide radical 4-glycidyl ether (Pca11), polypyrrole (Pca12), and their complex, polymerized compounds, salts and substituent groups. The negative electrode is chosen from 1,4,5,8-naphthalenetetracarboxylic dianhydride (Pan1), poly-2,2 '-disulfiram aniline (Pan2), poly- alpha , alpha '-dithio-3-amino-o-xylene (Pan3), polydisulfide(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) (Pan4), polyquinone (Pan5), poly(5-amino-1,4-naphthoquinone) (Pan6), poly(p-phenylene-3,5-diamino-1,2,4-thiazole) (Pan7), poly(4,6-dihydro-1H- (1,2) dithio-and (4,5-c) pyrrole) (Pan8), poly trisulfide(2,5-dimercapto-1,3,4-thiadiazole) (Pan9), poly(5,8-dihydro-1H,4H-2, 3,6,7-tetrasulfide anthracene) (Pan10), terephthalic acid disodium (Pan11), embedded graphite fibers chosen from Li4Ti5O12 and NaTi2 (PO4) 3 (Pan12), and their complex, polymerized compounds, salts and substituent groups.