NOVELTY - Preparing straw-type cultivation medium comprises (1) drying crops straw and then pulverizing to obtain a straw matrix material, (2) drying farmland fertile black soil or humus and then pulverizing using a pulverizer to obtain a soil matrix material and (3) mixing the soil matrix material and the straw matrix material, regulating humidity of the mixed matrix material and then covering with a plastic film, carrying out fermentation in two reactors, turning the fermented material and cooling to obtain vegetable growing substrate and spreading the hybrid matrix soil on the substrate.    USE - The straw-type cultivation medium is useful for vegetable planting.    ADVANTAGE - The straw-type cultivation medium can be prepared in a cost effective manner.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - Preparing straw-type cultivation medium comprises (1) drying crops straw until the moisture content is 15-20% and then pulverizing using a pulverizer to obtain a straw matrix material, (2) drying farmland fertile black soil or humus until the moisture content is 15-30% and then pulverizing using a pulverizer to obtain a soil matrix material, (3) mixing the soil matrix material and the straw matrix material in a weight ratio of 10:3-5, regulating humidity of the mixed matrix material to 60-80% and then covering with a plastic film for 48-72 hours, carrying out fermentation in two reactors at less than 80 degrees C, turning the fermented material for cooling down to room temperature to obtain vegetable growing substrate and spreading the hybrid matrix soil on the substrate, (4) mixing matrix materials and then planting and growing vegetable for 2-5 months under the presence of microorganisms, introducing the straw matrix material into the soil and then completely decomposing to form a naturally fertile humus soil, introducing the fertile humus soil as nutrition fertilizer for vegetables, (5) drying the fertile humus soil until the moisture content is 15-30%, (6) mixing the matrix material and fertile humus soil in a ratio of 10:3-5 and then adding water to adjust the humidity to 60-80%, covering the mixed material by a plastic film to ferment for 48-72 hours, turning the fermented material for two times at 80 degrees c to form a heap, cooling the heap to room temperature and then adding with a vegetable cultivation substrate, and (7) mixing the obtained matrix material in step (4)-(7).