TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - The first/second metal ligand coordination compound comprises at least one of the following atoms: Al, Ca, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, Pd, Pt, Ru, Sn, Ti, V, Zn and/or Zr. The mobile ion comprises at least one of the following: Li+, K+, Na+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Cl-, Br-, I- and/or OH-.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - The first and second active materials are metal ligand coordination compounds. The ligand comprises CN-, H2O, halo, hydroxyl, amines, polyamines, polyalcohols, anions of carboxylic acids, dicarboxylic acids, polycarboxylic acids, amino acids, carbonyl or carbon monoxide carbonyl or carbon monoxide, nitride, oxo, sulfide, pyridine, pyrazine, amido groups, imido groups, alkoxy groups, siloxy, thiolate, catechol, bipyridine, bipyrazine, ethylenediamine, diols, terpyridine, diethylenetriamine, triazacyclononane, trisaminomethane, quinones, hydroquinones, viologens, pyridinium, acridinium and/or polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - The polymer comprises cross-linked halogenated alkylated compound with polyamine, cross-linked aromatic polysulfone type polymer with a polyamine, perfluoriniated hydrocarbon sulfonate ionomers, sulfonated polyetherether ketone (sPEEK), sulfonated poly(phthalazinone ether ketone), sulfonated phenolphthalein poly(ether sulfone), sulfonated polyimides, sulfonated polyphosphazene, sulfonated polybenzimidazole, aromatic polymers containing a sulfonic acid group, sulfonated perfluorinated polymer, fluorinated ionomers with sulfonate groups, carboxylate groups, phosphate groups and/or boronate acid groups, polyaromatic ethers with sulfonate or carboxylate groups, poly(4-vinyl pyridine, poly(2-vinyl pyridine), poly(styrene-b-2-vinylpyridine), poly(vinyl pyrrolidine), poly(1-methyl-4-yinylpyridine), poly((2,2'-m-phenylene)-5,5'-bibenzimidazole)(poly(2,2'-(m-phenylene)-5,5- '-bibenzimidazole), poly(2,5-benzimidazole), polyacrylate and/or polymethacrylate. The polymer comprises polydiaryldimethylammonium, poly(methacryloyloxyethyltriethylammonium) and/or poly(diallylammonium). The polymer comprises polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinyl, polystyrene, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyesters, perfluoriniated polymers, polyvinylidene fluoride, poly(ether-ketone-ether-ketone-ketone), polyvinyl chloride), substituted vinyl polymers and/or polystyrene. The reinforcement material comprises nylon, cotton, polyesters, crystalline silica, crystalline titania, amorphous silica, amorphous titania, rubber and/or asbestos wood.