NOVELTY - The lithium battery comprises: a positive electrode (3); a negative electrode (2); and an organic electrolytic solution. The negative electrode comprises a negative active material. The negative active material comprises a composite comprising a carbonaceous material; and a metal/metalloid nanostructure disposed on the carbonaceous material. The organic electrolytic solution comprises a lithium sulfonimide-based compound. The metal/metalloid nanostructure comprises a Group 13 element, a Group 14 element, and a Group 15 element. The carbonaceous substrate is spherical or tabular.    USE - The lithium battery is useful in an electric vehicle such as plug-in hybrid electric vehicle i.e. plug-in hybrid electric car.    ADVANTAGE - The lithium battery has improved charge/discharge capacity and lifespan characteristics.    DETAILED DESCRIPTION - The lithium battery comprises: a positive electrode (3); a negative electrode (2); and an organic electrolytic solution. The negative electrode comprises a negative active material. The negative active material comprises a composite comprising a carbonaceous material; and a metal/metalloid nanostructure disposed on the carbonaceous material. The organic electrolytic solution comprises a lithium sulfonimide-based compound. The metal/metalloid nanostructure comprises a Group 13 element, a Group 14 element, and a Group 15 element. The carbonaceous substrate is spherical or tabular. The spherical carbonaceous material has a circularity of 0.7-1. An amount of the lithium sulfonimide-based compound in the organic electrolytic solution is 0.05-2 M. A lithium salt reacts with the residual water molecules in an organic solvent in the organic electrolytic solution to produce one of a protonic acid and a Lewis acid. An amount of the lithium salt is 0.01-2 M.    DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING(S) - The figure shows a schematic view of a lithium battery.    Negative electrode (2)    Positive electrode (3)    Separator (4)    Battery case (5)    Cap assembly. (6)