TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ELECTRICAL POWER AND ENERGY - Preferred Components: The redox flow battery further comprises a catholyte tank and an anolyte tank, where the catholyte tank is fluid connected to the positive electrode cell, and the anolyte tank is fluid connected to the negative electrode cell.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The metal ligand coordination compound comprises at least one metal including nickel, cobalt, iron, ruthenium, zinc, manganese, yttrium, zirconium, titanium, chromium, magnesium, cerium, copper, lead or vanadium. The supporting electrolyte is at least one of lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium perchlorate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bistrifluoromethylsulfonyl imide, lithium hexafluroantimonate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, (LiC4F9SO3), lithium aluminate, lithium tetrachloroaluminate, substituted lithium nitride compounds of formula (LiN(CxF2x+1SO2)(CyF2y+1SO2)), lithium chloride, lithium iodide, triethylamine tetrafluoroborate, tributylamine tetrafluoroborate, sodium tetrafluoroborate, sodium hexafluorophosphate, tri-methyl sulfonyl chloride or ammonium sulfate.x, y = natural numbers.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The metal ligand coordination compound comprises a nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ligand and/or nitrogen-containing heteroaliphatic ligand. The nitrogen-containing heteroaromatic ligand or the nitrogen-containing heteroaliphatic ligand is at least one of a substituted or unsubstituted dipyridyl, substituted or unsubstituted terpyridyl, substituted or unsubstituted phenanthroline, substituted or unsubstituted ethylenediamine, substituted or unsubstituted propylenediamine, or substituted or unsubstituted N-heterocyclic carbene. The N-heterocyclic carbene is at least one of 2,6-bis(methylimidazole-2-ylidene)pyridine, 1,3-dimesitylimidazole, 1,3-bis(2,5-diisopropylphenyl)imidazole, 1,3-dimethylimidazole, 1,3-di-tert-butylimidazole, 1,3-dicyclohexylimidazole or 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazole. The electron donating group is at least one of hydroxy group, thiol group, alkyl group, alkoxy group, alkylthio group, aryl group, aryloxy group, arylthio group, alkenyl group, alkynyl group, amide group, ester group or amine group, or methyl group, methoxy group, methylthio group, phenyl group, alkylcarboxy group, alkylcarbamino group or amino group. The electrolyte further comprises a metal-ligand coordination compound comprising a ligand comprising an electron withdrawing group. The electron withdrawing group is at least one of haloalkyl group, alkenyl group, halogen atom, N-alkyl compounds of formula (-N-(alkyl)3+), N-alkyl compounds of formula (-N(alkyl)2H+), N-alkyl compounds of formula (-N-(alkyl)H2+), thio-alkyl compounds of formula (-S-(alkyl)2), ammonia (-NH3), SO-alkyl compounds of formula (-SO(alkyl)), SO-aryl compounds of formula (-SO-(aryl)), SO-alkyl compounds of formula (-SO2-(alkyl)), SO-aryl compounds of formula (-SO2-(aryl)), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O)(OH)2), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O)(OH)(O-alkyl)), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O)(OH)(O-aryl)), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O) (O-alkyl)2), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O)(O-aryl)2), phosphate compounds of formula (-P(O)(O-alkyl)(O-aryl)), cyclopentadienyl group, carboxylate derivative of formula (-C(O)O-(alkyl)), carboxylate derivative of formula -C(O)O-(aryl), amide compounds of formula -C(O)NH-(alkyl), amide compounds of formula -C(O)NH-(aryl), carboxylate derivative of formula -C(O)-(alkyl), carboxylate derivative of formula -C(O)-(aryl), aldehyde group (-CHO), nitrile, nitro, heterocyclyl or aryl. The anolyte solution comprises the metal-ligand coordination compound. The metal ligand coordination compound is at least one of e.g. tris(2,2'-bipyridine)nickel(II) complex of formula (Ia), tris(2,2'-bipyridine)magnesium(II) complex of formula (Ib), tris(2,2'-bipyridine)manganese(II) complex of formula (Ic), tris(2,2'-bipyridine)cobalt(II) complex of formula (Id), tris(2,2'-bipyridine)titanium(II) complex of formula (Ie), bis((2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)nickel(II) complex of formula (IIa), bis((2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)magnesium(II) complex of formula (IIb), bis((2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)manganese(II) complex of formula (IIc), bis((2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)cobalt(II) complex of formula (IId), bis((2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)titanium(II) complex of formula (IIe), bis(2,6-bis-(2,3-dihydro-imidazol-1-yl)-pyridine)nickel(II) complex of formula (IIIa), bis(2,6-bis-(2,3-dihydro-imidazol-1-yl)-pyridine)magnesium(II) complex of formula (IIIb), bis(2,6-bis-(2,3-dihydro-imidazol-1-yl)-pyridine)manganese(II) complex of formula (IIIc), bis(2,6-bis-(2,3-dihydro-imidazol-1-yl)-pyridine)cobalt(II) complex of formula (IIId), bis(2,6-bis-(2,3-dihydro-imidazol-1-yl)-pyridine) titanium (II) complex of formula (IIIe), tris(5,6-dihydro-(1,10)phenanthroline)nickel(II) complex of formula (IVa), tris(5,6-dihydro-(1,10)phenanthroline)cobalt(II) complex of formula (IVb), tris(5,6-dihydro-(1,10)phenanthroline)magnesium(II) complex of formula (IVc), tris(propane-1,3-diamine)nickel(II) complex of formula (Va), tris(propane-1,3-diamine)cobalt(II) complex of formula (Vb), bis(4'-phenyl-(2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)iron(II) complex of formula (Vc) and bis(4'-chloro-(2,2';6',2'')terpyridine)iron(II) complex of formula (Vd).R1 = H, OH, Br or Cl.The metal ligand coordination compound undergoes a reversible oxidation/reduction reaction. The non-aqueous solvent is at least one of dimethylacetamide, diethyl carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, acetonitrile, gamma -butyrolactone, propylene carbonate, ethylene carbonate, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, fluoroethylene carbonate or N,N-dimethylacetamide. The metal ligand coordination compound comprises tetrafluoroborate ion (BF4-), hexafluorophosphate anion (PF6-), trifluromethanesulfonate ion or 1,1,1-trifluoro-N-(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)methanesulfonamide as a counter ion.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - POLYMERS - Preferred Components: The ion-exchange membrane is an anion exchange membrane. The anion exchange membrane is a product of aminating a copolymer of styrene-divinylbenzene comprising a chloromethyl group, a product of substituting a copolymer of vinylpyridine-divinylbenzene with a quaternary pyridinium salt, or a product of aminating an aromatic polysulfone copolymer comprising a chloromethyl group.