TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - INORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Catalyst: The doped amount of fluorine in the carbonaceous support is 0.1-10 at.%. The mole ratio of the doped fluorine to carbon (F/C) in the carbonaceous support is 0.0001-0.5. The carbonaceous support has a specific surface area of 50-800 m2/g. The electrode catalyst has a D50 average particle diameter of 1.5-8 nm. The carbonaceous support is prepared by thermally treating carbon at 1500-3000 degrees C. The functional group (I)-(VII) is arranged in uniform monolayer on the surface of the carbonaceous support. The carbonaceous support has a maximum peak intensity ratio of D band to G band (ID/IG) of 0.1-1, the G band appearing at 1575-1600 cm-1, the D band appearing at 1340-1360 cm-1, as analyzed by Raman spectroscopy using a laser of 514.5 nm wavelength. The carbonaceous support has a peak of a 002 plane that appears at a Bragg angle 2 theta of 26.4 degrees plus minus 0.1 degrees and that has a full width at half maximum of 0.2-0.7 degrees , in an X-ray diffraction spectrum. Preferred Components: The carbonaceous support comprises carbon powder, carbon black, acetylene black, ketjen black, active carbon, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanofibers, carbon nanowires, carbon nanohorns, ordered nanoporeous carbon, carbon aerogels, carbon cryogels, carbon nanorings, carbon nanocage, or mesoporous carbon. The catalyst metal comprises platinum, iron, cobalt, nickel, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, copper, silver, gold, tin, titanium, chromium, or their alloys.R1 and R2=1-40C alkyl or 1-40C alkoxy (optionally substituted), -CH3, -C2H5, -OCH3 or -OC2H5.    TECHNOLOGY FOCUS - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY - Preferred Components: The functional group is of formula (III), (IV), (V), (VI), or (VII).R22=1-10C fluoroalkyl, 1-10C fluoroalkoxy, 6-10C fluoroaryl, -NH2, -SH, -CN, -SO3H or -COOH;R21 and R23=1-40C alkyl, 1-40C alkoxy or 6-40C aryl (optionally substituted). EXAMPLE - ECP 300J (RTM: ketjen black) was thermally treated at 2250 degrees C for 1 hour to prepare a carbonaceous support. 2.5 g of the carbonaceous support was dispersed in 250 ml of solution of deionized water and ethanol (95:5 vol./vol.). 0.0745 ml of 3,5-dimethyl-4-trifluoromethyl-phenylamine was added into the dispersion and stirred for 1 hour. 0.069 g of NaNO2 was added into the mixture and then stirred for 30 minutes, followed by an addition of 5 ml of 0.5M HCl aqueous solution. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes to 24 hours for diazonium reaction to progress, to obtain diazonium derivative. The stirred product was vacuum-filtered, washed with distilled water, methanol, and then acetone, and vacuum-dried for 24 hours to prepare a carbonaceous support, which was then impregnated with Pt by chemical reduction using an aqueous solution of ethylene glycol in water (0.25:1 by mole) to prepare a catalyst for fuel cells.